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Ramírez-López CJ, Barros E, Vidigal PMP, Silva Okano D, Duarte Rodrigues JN, Lopes Gomes L, Montes-Vergara JC, Petro Hernandez VG, Baracat-Pereira MC, Guimarães SEF, Guimarães JD. Relative Abundance of Spermadhesin-1 in the Seminal Plasma of Young Nellore Bulls Is in Agreement with Reproductive Parameters. Vet Sci 2023; 10:610. [PMID: 37888562 PMCID: PMC10611397 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10100610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the proteomic profile of seminal plasma from young Nellore bulls. We used 20 bulls aged between 19.8 and 22.7 months, divided into two groups according to the results of the Breeding Soundness Evaluation (BSE): approved (FIT n = 10) and not approved (UNFIT n = 10). The scrotal perimeter was measured and a semen collection was performed through electroejaculation. The percentage of sperm motility, mass motility, and sperm vigor were calculated using conventional microscopy, and the percentage of sperm abnormalities was calculated using phase-contrast microscopy of all ejaculates. Seminal plasma was separated from spermatozoa using centrifugation and processed for proteomic analysis by LC-MS/MS. Seminal plasma proteins were identified using MASCOT Daemon software v.2.4.0 and label-free quantification analysis was carried out by SCAFFOLD Q+ software v.4.0 using the Exponentially Modified Protein Abundance Index (emPAI) method. Functional classification of proteins was performed based on their genetic ontology terms using KOG. Functional cluster analysis was performed on DAVID. There were no differences in scrotal perimeter and physical semen characteristics between FIT and UNFIT groups of bulls. The percentage of sperm abnormalities was higher (p < 0.05) in the UNFIT group of bulls. A total of 297 proteins were identified for the two groups. There were a total of 11 differentially abundant proteins (p < 0.05), two of them more abundant in FIT bulls (Spermadhesin-1 and Ig gamma-1 chain C region) and nine in UNFIT bulls (Vasoactive intestinal peptide, Metalloproteinase inhibitor 2, Ig lambda-1 chain C regions, Protein FAM3C, Hemoglobin beta, Seminal ribonuclease, Spermadhesin 2, Seminal plasma protein BSP-30kDa, and Spermadhesin Z13). Spermadhesin-1 was the protein with the highest relative abundance (36.7%) in the seminal plasma among all bulls, corresponding to 47.7% for the FIT bulls and 25,7% for the UNFIT bulls. Posttranslational modification, protein turnover, and chaperones were the functional categories with the highest number of classified proteins. Protein functional annotation clusters were related to Phospholipid efflux, ATP binding, and chaperonin-containing T-complex. The differentially abundant proteins in the group of FIT bulls were related to sperm capacitation and protection against reactive species of oxygen. In contrast, differentially expressed proteins in the group of UNFIT bulls were related to motility inhibition, intramembrane cholesterol removal and oxidative stress. In conclusion, the proteomic profile of the seminal plasma of FIT bulls presents proteins with participation in several biological processes favorable to fertilization, while the proteins of the seminal plasma of UNFIT bulls indicate a series of alterations that can compromise the fertilizing capacity of the spermatozoa. In addition, the relative abundance of spermadhesin-1 found in the seminal plasma of young Nellore bulls could be studied as a reproductive parameter for selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilo José Ramírez-López
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, Brazil; (D.S.O.); (J.N.D.R.); (L.L.G.); (J.D.G.)
- Department of Animal Science, Universidad de Córdoba, Monteria 230002, Colombia;
- Laboratory of Proteomics and Protein Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, Brazil;
| | - Edvaldo Barros
- Nucleus for Analysis of Biomolecules, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, Brazil; (E.B.); (P.M.P.V.)
| | - Pedro Marcus Pereira Vidigal
- Nucleus for Analysis of Biomolecules, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, Brazil; (E.B.); (P.M.P.V.)
| | - Denise Silva Okano
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, Brazil; (D.S.O.); (J.N.D.R.); (L.L.G.); (J.D.G.)
| | - Juliana Nascimento Duarte Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, Brazil; (D.S.O.); (J.N.D.R.); (L.L.G.); (J.D.G.)
| | - Lidiany Lopes Gomes
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, Brazil; (D.S.O.); (J.N.D.R.); (L.L.G.); (J.D.G.)
| | | | | | - Maria Cristina Baracat-Pereira
- Laboratory of Proteomics and Protein Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, Brazil;
| | - Simone Eliza Facioni Guimarães
- Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, Brazil;
| | - José Domingos Guimarães
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, Brazil; (D.S.O.); (J.N.D.R.); (L.L.G.); (J.D.G.)
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2
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Bollwein H, Malama E. Review: Evaluation of bull fertility. Functional and molecular approaches. Animal 2023; 17 Suppl 1:100795. [PMID: 37567681 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2023.100795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
With the term "assisted reproduction technologies" in modern cattle farming, one could imply the collection of techniques that aim at the optimal use of bovine gametes to produce animals of high genetic value in a time- and cost-efficient manner. The accurate characterisation of sperm quality plays a critical role for the efficiency of several assisted reproduction-related procedures, such as sperm processing, in vitro embryo production and artificial insemination. Bull fertility is ultimately a collective projection of the ability of a series of ejaculates to endure sperm processing stress, and achieve fertilisation of the oocyte and production of a viable and well-developing embryo. In this concept, the assessment of sperm functional and molecular characteristics is key to bull fertility diagnostics and prognostics. Among others, functional features linked to sperm plasma membrane, acrosome and DNA integrity are usually assessed as a measure of the ability of sperm to express the phenotypes that will allow them to maintain their homeostasis and orchestrate-in a strict temporal manner-the course of events that will enable the delivery of their genetic content to the oocyte upon fertilisation. Nevertheless, measures of sperm functionality are not always adequate indicators of bull fertility. Nowadays, advancements in the field of molecular biology have facilitated the profiling of several biomolecules in male gametes. The molecular profiling of bovine sperm offers a deeper insight into the mechanisms underlying sperm physiology and, thus, can reveal novel candidate markers for bull fertility prognosis. In this review, the importance of three organelles (the nucleus, the plasma membrane and the acrosome) for the characterisation of sperm fertilising capacity and bull fertility is discussed at functional and molecular levels. In particular, information about sperm head morphometry, chromatin structure, viability as well as the ability of sperm to capacitate and undergo the acrosome reaction are presented in relation to the cryotolerance of male gametes and bull fertility. Finally, major spermatozoal coding and non-coding RNAs, and proteins that are involved in the above-mentioned aspects of sperm functionality are also summarised.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Bollwein
- Clinic of Reproductive Medicine, Department for Farm Animals, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - E Malama
- Clinic of Reproductive Medicine, Department for Farm Animals, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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3
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Pinto FM, Odriozola A, Candenas L, Subirán N. The Role of Sperm Membrane Potential and Ion Channels in Regulating Sperm Function. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:6995. [PMID: 37108159 PMCID: PMC10138380 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24086995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
During the last seventy years, studies on mammalian sperm cells have demonstrated the essential role of capacitation, hyperactivation and the acrosome reaction in the acquisition of fertilization ability. These studies revealed the important biochemical and physiological changes that sperm undergo in their travel throughout the female genital tract, including changes in membrane fluidity, the activation of soluble adenylate cyclase, increases in intracellular pH and Ca2+ and the development of motility. Sperm are highly polarized cells, with a resting membrane potential of about -40 mV, which must rapidly adapt to the ionic changes occurring through the sperm membrane. This review summarizes the current knowledge about the relationship between variations in the sperm potential membrane, including depolarization and hyperpolarization, and their correlation with changes in sperm motility and capacitation to further lead to the acrosome reaction, a calcium-dependent exocytosis process. We also review the functionality of different ion channels that are present in spermatozoa in order to understand their association with human infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco M. Pinto
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas, CSIC-University of Sevilla, Avenida Américo Vespucio 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain;
| | - Ainize Odriozola
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursery, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Bizkaia, Spain; (A.O.); (N.S.)
- Biocruces-Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain
- MEPRO Medical Reproductive Solutions, 20009 San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Luz Candenas
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas, CSIC-University of Sevilla, Avenida Américo Vespucio 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain;
| | - Nerea Subirán
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursery, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Bizkaia, Spain; (A.O.); (N.S.)
- Biocruces-Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain
- MEPRO Medical Reproductive Solutions, 20009 San Sebastian, Spain
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4
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Robinson BR, Netherton JK, Ogle RA, Baker MA. Testicular heat stress, a historical perspective and two postulates for why male germ cells are heat sensitive. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2023; 98:603-622. [PMID: 36412227 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we compare the different experimental regimes used to induce testicular heat stress and summarise their impact on sperm production and male fertility. Irrespective of the protocol used, scrotal heat stress causes loss of sperm production. This is first seen 1-2 weeks post heat stress, peaking 4-5 weeks thereafter. The higher the temperature, or the longer the duration of heat, the more pronounced germ cell loss becomes, within extreme cases this leads to azoospermia. The second, and often underappreciated impact of testicular hyperthermia is the production of poor-quality spermatozoa. Typically, those cells that survive hyperthermia develop into morphologically abnormal and poorly motile spermatozoa. While both apoptotic and non-apoptotic pathways are known to contribute to hyperthermic germ cell loss, the mechanisms leading to formation of poor-quality sperm remain unclear. Mechanistically, it is unlikely that testicular hyperthermia affects messenger RNA (mRNA) abundance, as a comparison of four different mammalian studies shows no consistent single gene changes. Using available evidence, we propose two novel models to explain how testicular hyperthermia impairs sperm formation. Our first model suggests aberrant alternative splicing, while the second model proposes a loss of RNA repression. Importantly, neither model requires consistent changes in RNA species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin R Robinson
- Faculty of Science and Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Jacob K Netherton
- Faculty of Science and Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Rachel A Ogle
- Faculty of Science and Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Mark A Baker
- Faculty of Science and Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
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5
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da Silva WC, da Silva JAR, Camargo-Júnior RNC, da Silva ÉBR, dos Santos MRP, Viana RB, Silva AGME, da Silva CMG, Lourenço-Júnior JDB. Animal welfare and effects of per-female stress on male and cattle reproduction—A review. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1083469. [PMID: 37065229 PMCID: PMC10102491 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1083469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Thermal stress causes severe effects on the wellbeing and reproduction of cattle, including changes in oogenesis and spermatogenesis, generating great concerns, which last for decades. In cattle, the occurrence of thermal stress is associated with a reduction in the production of spermatozoids and ovarian follicles, in addition to the increase of major and minor defects in gametes or in their intermediate stages. In bovine females able to reproduce, a reduction in the rate of estrus manifestation and an increase in embryonic mortality has been observed. Therefore, keeping animals on good welfare conditions, with water supply and in shaded areas can favor the improvement of different reproductive parameters. For all this, the present study aimed to gather, synthesize and argue recent studies related to animal welfare, focusing on the effects of thermal stress on the reproduction of cattle, aiming to support possible strategies to mitigate the harmful effects of thermal stress in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Welligton Conceição da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science (PPGCAN), Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Para (UFPA), UFRA, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA), Castanhal, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Welligton Conceição da Silva
| | | | - Raimundo Nonato Colares Camargo-Júnior
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science (PPGCAN), Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Para (UFPA), UFRA, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA), Castanhal, Brazil
| | | | | | - Rinaldo Batista Viana
- Federal Rural University of the Amazon (UFRA), Institute of Animal Health and Production, Belém, Brazil
| | - André Guimarães Maciel e Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science (PPGCAN), Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Para (UFPA), UFRA, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA), Castanhal, Brazil
| | - Cleidson Manoel Gomes da Silva
- Federal University of the South and Southeast of Pará (UNIFESSPA), Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Xinguara, Pará, Brazil
| | - José de Brito Lourenço-Júnior
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science (PPGCAN), Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Para (UFPA), UFRA, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA), Castanhal, Brazil
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6
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Ashwitha A, Ramesha KP, Ramesh P, Kootimole CN, Devadasan MJ, Ammankallu S, Jeyakumar S, Kumaresan A, Veerappa VG, Das DN, Prasad TSK. Quantitative proteomics profiling of spermatozoa and seminal plasma reveals proteins associated with semen quality in Bos indicus bulls. J Proteomics 2023; 273:104794. [PMID: 36535621 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2022.104794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cattle breeding approaches are an evolving field of research in veterinary science. Certain factors such as Ejaculate Rejection Rate (ERR) pose a limitation to such approaches. In this regard, we sought to investigate the spermatozoa and seminal plasma proteome of Hallikar bulls with low (n = 3) and high (n = 3) ERR. Through the Tandem mass spectrometry approach, we identified a total of 2409 proteins, in which 828 proteins were common in both the semen components, whereas 375 and 378 proteins were unique to spermatozoa and seminal plasma respectively. Tandem mass tags (TMT) based protein quantification resulted in 75 spermatozoal, and 42 seminal plasma proteins being differentially regulated between high and low ERR bulls. Proteins such as SPADH2, TIMP-2, and PLA2G7 which are negative regulators of motility were upregulated in the seminal plasma of high ERR bulls. Proteins such as OAZ3, GPx4, and GSTM3 whose upregulation leads to reduced motility were upregulated in the spermatozoa of high ERR bulls. Caltrin and ADM proteins that enhance sperm motility were downregulated in the seminal plasma of high ERR bulls. The regulation of ACE, a negative regulator of sperm motility was upregulated in both the spermatozoa and seminal plasma of high ERR bulls. SIGNIFICANCE: The saying "Bull is more than half of the herd" signifies the importance of bull in the genetic improvement of the herd. Traditionally used semen quality tests will provide limited information about the potential fertility of bulls. The proteomics approach is a promising omics technology to understand the factors involved in male fertility. The present study identified the spermatozoal and seminal plasma proteins that are differentially regulated between high and low ERR bulls. Sperm motility-associated proteins are differentially regulated. This study if improved further, can be used to develop markers associated with semen quality which is useful for the selection of bulls.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ashwitha
- Southern Regional Station, ICAR- National Dairy Research Institute, Banglore 560030, India
| | - Kerekoppa P Ramesha
- Southern Regional Station, ICAR- National Dairy Research Institute, Banglore 560030, India.
| | - Poornima Ramesh
- Centre for System Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore 575018, India
| | - Chinmaya Narayana Kootimole
- Centre for System Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore 575018, India
| | - M Joel Devadasan
- Southern Regional Station, ICAR- National Dairy Research Institute, Banglore 560030, India
| | - Shruthi Ammankallu
- Centre for System Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore 575018, India
| | - Sakthivel Jeyakumar
- Southern Regional Station, ICAR- National Dairy Research Institute, Banglore 560030, India
| | - Arumugam Kumaresan
- Southern Regional Station, ICAR- National Dairy Research Institute, Banglore 560030, India
| | | | - D N Das
- Southern Regional Station, ICAR- National Dairy Research Institute, Banglore 560030, India
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7
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Testis-Specific Isoform of Na+-K+ ATPase and Regulation of Bull Fertility. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147936. [PMID: 35887284 PMCID: PMC9317330 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
An advanced understanding of sperm function is relevant for evidence-based male fertility prediction and addressing male infertility. A standard breeding soundness evaluation (BSE) merely identifies gross abnormalities in bulls, whereas selection based on single nucleotide polymorphisms and genomic estimated breeding values overlooks sub-microscopic differences in sperm. Molecular tools are important for validating genomic selection and advancing knowledge on the regulation of male fertility at an interdisciplinary level. Therefore, research in this field is now focused on developing a combination of in vitro sperm function tests and identifying biomarkers such as sperm proteins with critical roles in fertility. The Na+-K+ ATPase is a ubiquitous transmembrane protein and its α4 isoform (ATP1A4) is exclusively expressed in germ cells and sperm. Furthermore, ATP1A4 is essential for male fertility, as it interacts with signaling molecules in both raft and non-raft fractions of the sperm plasma membrane to regulate capacitation-associated signaling, hyperactivation, sperm-oocyte interactions, and activation. Interestingly, ATP1A4 activity and expression increase during capacitation, challenging the widely accepted dogma of sperm translational quiescence. This review discusses the literature on the role of ATP1A4 during capacitation and fertilization events and its prospective use in improving male fertility prediction.
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8
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Ojaghi M, Varghese J, Kastelic JP, Thundathil JC. Characterization of the Testis-Specific Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (tACE)-Interactome during Bovine Sperm Capacitation. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:449-469. [PMID: 35723410 PMCID: PMC8928970 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44010031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A comprehensive understanding of molecular and biochemical changes during sperm capacitation is critical to the success of assisted reproductive technologies. We reported involvement of the testis-specific isoform of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (tACE) in bovine sperm capacitation. The objective of this study was to characterize the tACE interactome in fresh and heparin-capacitated bovine sperm through immunoprecipitation coupled with mass spectrometry. These interactions were validated by co-localization of tACE with beta-tubulin as an identified interactome constituent. Although interactions between tACE and several proteins remained unchanged in fresh and capacitated sperm, mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2), inactive serine/threonine protein-kinase 3 (VRK3), tubulin-beta-4B chain (TUBB4B), and tubulin-alpha-8 chain (TUBA8) were recruited during capacitation, with implications for cytoskeletal and membrane reorganization, vesicle-mediated transport, GTP-binding, and redox regulation. A proposed tACE interactional network with identified interactome constituents was generated. Despite tACE function being integral to capacitation, the relevance of interactions with its binding partners during capacitation and subsequent events leading to fertilization remains to be elucidated.
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9
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Unnikrishnan V, Kastelic JP, Thundathil JC. Ouabain-induced activation of phospholipase C zeta and its contributions to bovine sperm capacitation. Cell Tissue Res 2021; 385:785-801. [PMID: 33885964 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-021-03455-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The sperm-derived oocyte activating factor, phospholipase C zeta (PLC ζ), is the only PLC isoform reported in cattle. The objectives were to (1) localize PLC ζ in fresh and capacitated bovine sperm and (2) investigate the activation of PLC ζ during bull sperm capacitation and contributions of PLC activity to this process. We confirmed interaction of testis-specific isoform of Na/K-ATPase (ATP1A4) with PLC ζ (immunolocalization and immunoprecipitation) and tyrosine phosphorylation (immunoprecipitation) of PLC ζ (a post-translational protein modification commonly involved in activation of PLC in somatic cells) during capacitation. Furthermore, incubation of sperm under capacitating conditions upregulated PLC-mediated hyperactivated motility, tyrosine phosphoprotein content, acrosome reaction, and F-actin formation (flow cytometry), implying that PLC activity is enhanced during capacitation and contributing to these capacitation processes. In conclusion, we inferred that PLC ζ is activated during capacitation by tyrosine phosphorylation through a mechanism involving ATP1A4, contributing to capacitation-associated biochemical events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veena Unnikrishnan
- Department of Production Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, CAL, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - John P Kastelic
- Department of Production Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, CAL, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Jacob C Thundathil
- Department of Production Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, CAL, T2N 4N1, Canada.
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10
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Fantinato P, Geraldo ACAPDM, dos Santos TMDCL, Vilela RA, Tribucci AMDO, de Andrade AFC, Arruda RP, Titto EAL. Shade availability on pasture does not affect semen characteristics of Brahman bulls ( Bos taurus indicus). BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICINE 2021; 43:e003721. [PMID: 35749065 PMCID: PMC9179191 DOI: 10.29374/2527-2179.bjvm003721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Testicular degeneration by heat is the leading cause of infertility in bulls. Beef cattle are generally farmed under hot and humid conditions, and consequently, the thermotolerance of each breed must be considered in their natural environment. This study aimed to evaluate the reproductive characteristics of Brahman bulls maintained in the grazing system, with or without shadow availability. Ten Brahman bulls aging between 24 and 30 months were allocated in two different paddocks, with or without shadow availability. The heat tolerance test was performed on three non-consecutive typical summer days. The semen samples were collected at four times points in a 14 days interval. The climate conditions were monitored throughout the experiment; and clinical evaluation, testicular consistence and scrotal circumference were measured before every semen collection. In addition, semen was evaluated regarding volume, aspect, turbulence, motility, straight movement, sperm concentration, and morphological exam. The studied Brahman bulls showed a high thermolysis capacity, high heat tolerance, and no differences in semen quality were observed between groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Fantinato
- Veterinarian, Departamento de Zootecnia (ZAZ), Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos (FZEA), Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Campus “Fernando Costa”, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil.
- Correspondence Paulo Fantinato Neto Departamento de Medicina Veterinária - ZMV, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos - FZEA, Universidade de São Paulo - USP Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, Campus “Fernando Costa” CEP 13635-900 - Pirassununga (SP), Brasil E-mail:
| | | | | | - Reíssa Alves Vilela
- Zootechnist, ZAZ, FZEA, USP. Campus “Fernando Costa”, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - André Furugen Cesar de Andrade
- Veterinarian, Departamento de Reprodução Animal (VRA), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (FMVZ), USP. Campus “Fernando Costa”, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil.
| | - Rubens Paes Arruda
- Veterinarian, DSc., VRA, FMVZ, USP. Campus “Fernando Costa”, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil.
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11
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SOUTO PLG, BARBOSA EA, MARTINS E, MARTINS VMV, HATAMOTO-ZERVOUDAKIS LK, PIMENTEL CMM, RAMOS AF. Influence of season and external morphology on thermal comfort and physiological responses in bulls from two breeds adapted to a subtropical climate. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE SAÚDE E PRODUÇÃO ANIMAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/s1519-99402122022021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Animals in subtropical regions can be exposed to periods of thermal stress. Locally adapted breeds are especially important in this context, but these have little information available in their natural environments. The aim of this study was to assess whether season affects thermal comfort and physiological responses to increased temperatures of two breeds of bulls in a subtropical climate. Four Angus and four Crioulo Lageano bulls were used in this study. Body and testicles measurements, skin pigmentation and thickness, hair number, length and pigmentation, respiratory rate, panting score, rectal temperature and haematological profile were recorded on three occasions in summer and winter, morning and afternoon. The surface temperature of the flank, eye and scrotum were obtained by infrared thermography. Hair coat colour was determined by CIELAB method. Thermal comfort indexes were calculated from meteorological data. Statistical analysis included analyses of variance, correlations and a partial least squares regression in determining which traits were the most important in thermal adaptability. External morphology of the bulls was important for explaining physiological changes in both seasons, but their contribution was greater in summer. Bulls experienced moderate heat stress in summer, which led to significant physiological responses, which were more pronounced in Angus bulls. The main differences in thermal adaptation found between breeds were the hair coat characteristics and respiratory rate. Despite using different mechanisms to cope with environmental challenges, all bulls were able to maintain optimal testicular thermoregulation as well as systemic normothermia throughout the seasons, showing good adaptation to the climate conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Edison MARTINS
- Brazilian Association of Breeders of the Crioulo Lageano Breed, Brazil
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12
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Seifi-Jamadi A, Zhandi M, Kohram H, Luceño NL, Leemans B, Henrotte E, Latour C, Demeyere K, Meyer E, Van Soom A. Influence of seasonal differences on semen quality and subsequent embryo development of Belgian Blue bulls. Theriogenology 2020; 158:8-17. [PMID: 32916520 PMCID: PMC7462895 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Belgian Blue bulls are more susceptible to high temperature and humidity index (THI) than most other cattle breeds. Here, we investigated whether high ambient temperature during summer affected semen quality and subsequent embryo development in Belgian Blue cattle. For this purpose, semen samples were collected from six healthy mature Belgian Blue bulls in March (Low THI group; THI between 30.6 and 56.4) and August 2016 (High THI group; maximum THI of 83.7 during meiotic and spermiogenic stages of spermatogenesis; 14–28 days prior to semen collection) respectively. Motility, morphology, acrosome integrity, chromatin condensation, viability, and reactive oxygen species production were assessed for frozen-thawed semen. Moreover, the efficiency of blastocyst production from the frozen-thawed semen samples of the two groups was determined in vitro. Blastocyst quality was determined by assessing inner cell mass ratio and apoptotic cell ratio. Fresh ejaculates showed a higher sperm concentration in low THI when compared to the high THI group (P ≤ 0.05), whereas semen volume, subjective motility, and total sperm output were not affected (P > 0.05). In frozen-thawed semen, total and progressive motility, viability, and straight-line velocity were lower in high THI compared to the low THI group (P < 0.05), while H2O2 concentration, aberrant chromatin condensation, and abnormal spermatozoa were higher in the high THI group (P < 0.05). Blastocyst rates were significantly higher when low THI samples were used (P < 0.05). Moreover, the total cell number and trophectoderm cells were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in blastocysts derived from low THI samples, whereas the apoptotic cell ratio was significantly higher (P < 0.01) in blastocysts derived from high THI spermatozoa. In summary, our data show that elevated ambient temperature and humidity during summer can decrease the quality of frozen-thawed spermatozoa in Belgian Blue bulls and also affect subsequent embryo development. Belgian Blue bulls are more susceptible to heat stress than most other cattle breeds. Heat stress negatively affected the quality of Belgian Blue bulls’ spermatozoa. Summer high ambient temperature increased H2O2 production in thawed spermatozoa. Summer heat exposure increased morphological abnormalities of bull spermatozoa. Embryo development was decreased after the bulls were exposed to summer heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afshin Seifi-Jamadi
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, 31587-77871, Iran; Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Mahdi Zhandi
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, 31587-77871, Iran.
| | - Hamid Kohram
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, 31587-77871, Iran
| | - Núria Llamas Luceño
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Bart Leemans
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Emilie Henrotte
- AWE Group, Production and Distribution Direction- Inovéo, Chemin Du Tersoit 32, 5590 Ciney, Belgium
| | - Catherine Latour
- AWE Group, Production and Distribution Direction- Inovéo, Chemin Du Tersoit 32, 5590 Ciney, Belgium
| | - Kristel Demeyere
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Evelyne Meyer
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Ann Van Soom
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium
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13
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Pereira GR, de Lazari FL, Dalberto PF, Bizarro CV, Sontag ER, Koetz Junior C, Menegassi SRO, Barcellos JOJ, Bustamante-Filho IC. Effect of scrotal insulation on sperm quality and seminal plasma proteome of Brangus bulls. Theriogenology 2020; 144:194-203. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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14
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Abdelhamid MHM, Walschaerts M, Ahmad G, Mieusset R, Bujan L, Hamdi S. Mild experimental increase in testis and epididymis temperature in men: effects on sperm morphology according to spermatogenesis stages. Transl Androl Urol 2019; 8:651-665. [PMID: 32038961 DOI: 10.21037/tau.2019.11.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background A mild increase in testicular and epididymal temperatures in men, bulls and rams (pendulous scrotum) inhibits spermatogenesis and increases the percentage of sperm with an abnormal morphology. However, the stages of spermatogenesis that are most sensitive to a mild increase in testicular temperature in men are unknown. The aim of the present study was to explore the effects of a mild induced increase in testicular and epididymal temperature (i.e., testicular temperature maintained below the core body temperature) on sperm morphology in humans depending on the physiological time of spermatogenesis and epididymal transit. Methods Five healthy volunteers were enrolled in an experimental study in which testicular and epididymal temperatures were increased by maintaining the testes in a supra-scrotal position with a specially designed underwear worn 15±1 h a day for 120 consecutive days. Semen collection was scheduled on specific days depending on spermatogenic stages and epididymal transit. Results Sperm morphology and the multiple anomalies index (MAI) were analysed before, during and after heating. This mild induced increase in testicular and epididymal temperatures resulted in a significant rise in the percentage of morphologically abnormal spermatozoa on day 34 of heating, which remained elevated throughout the heating period and persisted until 45 days after cessation of heating. The MAI was significantly increased on day 20 throughout the heating period and persisted 45 days after cessation of heating. An increase in the percentage of anomalies in the sperm head, acrosome or tail occurred on days 34 and/or 45 of heating. Abnormal sperm morphology and MAI reverted to control values 73 days after cessation of heating. Conclusions A mild sustained increase in testicular and epididymal temperature in man leads morphological abnormalities in spermatozoa mainly due to an impairment of spermiogenesis and meiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Hadi Mohamed Abdelhamid
- Groupe de Recherche en Fertilité Humaine (EA 3694, Human Fertility Research Group), UPS, Toulouse III University, Toulouse, France
| | - Marie Walschaerts
- Groupe de Recherche en Fertilité Humaine (EA 3694, Human Fertility Research Group), UPS, Toulouse III University, Toulouse, France.,Germethèque, Groupe d'activité de médecine de la reproduction (Reproductive Medicine Unit), Hôpital Paule de Viguier, CHU Toulouse (University Hospital Centre), Toulouse, France
| | - Gulfam Ahmad
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Sydney Medical School, Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Roger Mieusset
- Groupe de Recherche en Fertilité Humaine (EA 3694, Human Fertility Research Group), UPS, Toulouse III University, Toulouse, France.,Andrology Unit), Hôpital Paule de Viguier, CHU Toulouse (University Hospital Centre), Toulouse, France
| | - Louis Bujan
- Groupe de Recherche en Fertilité Humaine (EA 3694, Human Fertility Research Group), UPS, Toulouse III University, Toulouse, France.,CECOS, Groupe d'activité de médecine de la reproduction (Reproductive Medicine Unit), Hôpital Paule de Viguier, CHU Toulouse (University Hospital Centre), Toulouse, France
| | - Safouane Hamdi
- Groupe de Recherche en Fertilité Humaine (EA 3694, Human Fertility Research Group), UPS, Toulouse III University, Toulouse, France.,Biochemestry Laboratory, Institut Fédératif de Biologie (Federal Institute of Biology), CHU Toulouse (University Hospital Centre), Toulouse, France
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15
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Ojaghi M, Kastelic J, Thundathil JC. Testis-specific isoform of angiotensin-converting enzyme (tACE) as a candidate marker for bull fertility. Reprod Fertil Dev 2019; 30:1584-1593. [PMID: 29898814 DOI: 10.1071/rd17300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Although a traditional bull breeding soundness evaluation is designed to identify bulls that are grossly abnormal, bulls classified as satisfactory potential breeders still vary in fertility, implying submicroscopic differences in sperm characteristics. Testis-specific isozyme of angiotensin-converting enzyme (tACE) is involved in the regulation of sperm function. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine tACE content, activity and localisation in bull spermatozoa and their associations with fertility. Semen from low-fertility (LF) and high-fertility (HF) Holstein bulls (n=20) with known FERTSOL rates, which represents the 56-day non-return rate, were used. There was greater tACE content (P<0.05) and tACE activity (P<0.01) in HF versus LF spermatozoa. Based on immunolocalisation, tACE was either in the acrosomal or postacrosomal region of the sperm head, with HF bulls having a higher proportion of spermatozoa with tACE in the acrosomal region than LF bulls (P<0.05). tACE content, activity, localisation to the acrosomal region and progressive motility were significantly correlated with fertility and, based on regression analysis, tACE content was predictive of fertility. tACE content and activity in semen were similar between yearling (10-13 months old) and mature (3-4 years old) bulls. Therefore, tACE has potential as a marker of field fertility in bulls at their earliest possible age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Ojaghi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Production Animal Health, University of Calgary, TRW 2D13, 3280 Hospital Dr, NW T2N 4Z6, Canada
| | - John Kastelic
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Production Animal Health, University of Calgary, TRW 2D13, 3280 Hospital Dr, NW T2N 4Z6, Canada
| | - Jacob C Thundathil
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Production Animal Health, University of Calgary, TRW 2D13, 3280 Hospital Dr, NW T2N 4Z6, Canada
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16
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Câmara DR, Kastelic JP, Thundathil JC. Role of the Na +/K +-ATPase ion pump in male reproduction and embryo development. Reprod Fertil Dev 2018; 29:1457-1467. [PMID: 27456939 DOI: 10.1071/rd16091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Na+/K+-ATPase was one of the first ion pumps studied because of its importance in maintaining osmotic and ionic balances between intracellular and extracellular environments, through the exchange of three Na+ ions out and two K+ ions into a cell. This enzyme, which comprises two main subunits (α and β), with or without an auxiliary polypeptide (γ), can have specific biochemical properties depending on the expression of associated isoforms (α1β1 and/or α2β1) in the cell. In addition to the importance of Na+/K+-ATPase in ensuring the function of many tissues (e.g. brain, heart and kidney), in the reproductive tract this protein is essential for embryo development because of its roles in blastocoel formation and embryo hatching. In the context of male reproduction, the discovery of a very specific subunit (α4), apparently restricted to male germ cells, only expressed after puberty and able to influence sperm function (e.g. motility and capacitation), opened a remarkable field for further investigations regarding sperm biology. Therefore, the present review focuses on the importance of Na+/K+-ATPase on male reproduction and embryo development.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Câmara
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Fazenda São Luiz, s/n, Zona Rural do Município de Viçosa, Viçosa-AL, CEP: 57700-000, Brazil
| | - J P Kastelic
- Department of Production Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr., NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - J C Thundathil
- Department of Production Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr., NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
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17
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Heat stress responses in spermatozoa: Mechanisms and consequences for cattle fertility. Theriogenology 2018; 113:102-112. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2018.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2017] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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18
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Abstract
Parthenotes are characterized by poor in vitro developmental potential either due to the ploidy status or the absence of paternal factors. In the present study, we demonstrate the beneficial role of sperm-derived factors (SDF) on the in vitro development of mouse parthenotes. Mature (MII) oocytes collected from superovulated Swiss albino mice were activated using strontium chloride (SrCl2) in the presence or absence of various concentrations of SDF in M16 medium. The presence of SDF in activation medium did not have any significant influence on the activation rate. However, a significant increase in the developmental potential of the embryos and increased blastocyst rate (P < 0.01) was observed at 50 µg/ml concentration. Furthermore, the activated oocytes from this group exhibited early cleavage and cortical distribution of cortical granules that was similar to that of normally fertilized zygotes. Culturing 2-cell stage parthenotes in the presence of SDF significantly improved the developmental potential (P < 0.05) indicating that they also play a significant role in embryo development. In conclusion, artificial activation of oocytes with SDF can improve the developmental potential of parthenotes in vitro.
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19
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Rajamanickam GD, Kastelic JP, Thundathil JC. Na/K-ATPase regulates bovine sperm capacitation through raft- and non-raft-mediated signaling mechanisms. Mol Reprod Dev 2017; 84:1168-1182. [PMID: 28833817 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Highly dynamic lipid microdomains (rafts) in the sperm plasma membrane contain several signaling proteins that regulate sperm capacitation. Na/K-ATPase isoforms (testis-specific isoform ATP1A4 and ubiquitous isoform ATP1A1) are abundant in bovine sperm plasma membrane. We previously reported that incubation of bovine sperm with ouabain, a specific Na/K-ATPase ligand, induced tyrosine phosphorylation of several sperm proteins during capacitation. The objective of this study was to investigate the roles of lipid rafts and non-rafts in Na/K-ATPase enzyme activity and signaling during bovine sperm capacitation. Content of ATP1A4 and, to a lesser extent, ATP1A1 was increased in raft and non-raft fractions of capacitated sperm, although non-raft enzyme activities of both isoforms were higher than the corresponding activities in rafts from capacitated sperm. Yet, ATP1A4 was the predominant isoform responsible for total Na/K-ATPase activity in both rafts and non-rafts. A comparative increase in phosphorylation of signaling molecules was observed in both raft (CAV1) and non-raft (EGFR and ERK1/2) membrane fractions during capacitation. Although SRC was phosphorylated in both membrane fractions, the non-raft fraction possessed more of this activated form. We also inferred, by immunoprecipitation, that ATP1A4 interacted with CAV1 and EGFR in the raft fraction, whereas interactions of ATP1A4 with SRC, EGFR, and ERK1/2 occurred in the non-raft fraction of ouabain-capacitated sperm; conversely, ATP1A1 interacted only with CAV1 in both fractions of uncapacitated and capacitated sperm. In conclusion, both raft and non-raft cohorts of Na/K-ATPase isoforms contributed to phosphorylation of signaling molecules during bovine sperm capacitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayathri D Rajamanickam
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Production Animal Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - John P Kastelic
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Production Animal Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jacob C Thundathil
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Production Animal Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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20
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Abstract
The sodium and potassium gradients across the plasma membrane are used by animal cells for numerous processes, and the range of demands requires that the responsible ion pump, the Na,K-ATPase, can be fine-tuned to the different cellular needs. Therefore, several isoforms are expressed of each of the three subunits that make a Na,K-ATPase, the alpha, beta and FXYD subunits. This review summarizes the various roles and expression patterns of the Na,K-ATPase subunit isoforms and maps the sequence variations to compare the differences structurally. Mutations in the Na,K-ATPase genes encoding alpha subunit isoforms have severe physiological consequences, causing very distinct, often neurological diseases. The differences in the pathophysiological effects of mutations further underline how the kinetic parameters, regulation and proteomic interactions of the Na,K-ATPase isoforms are optimized for the individual cellular needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael V Clausen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus UniversityAarhus, Denmark
| | - Florian Hilbers
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus UniversityAarhus, Denmark
| | - Hanne Poulsen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus UniversityAarhus, Denmark
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21
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Ojaghi M, Kastelic J, Thundathil J. Testis-specific isoform of angiotensin-converting enzyme (tACE) is involved in the regulation of bovine sperm capacitation. Mol Reprod Dev 2017; 84:376-388. [PMID: 28244620 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We hypothesized that the testis-specific isoform of angiotensin-converting enzyme (tACE) is released during bovine sperm capacitation, and its peptidase activity is required for capacitation. Specific objectives of this study were to (i) develop an anti-tACE antibody; (ii) characterize expression of tACE in bovine testes and sperm; and (iii) determine the role of tACE in capacitation. A 110-kDa protein, consistent with the mass of tACE, was detected in sperm extract by our anti-tACE immunoserum. This immunotarget localized at the acrosomal region and principal piece, but was only expressed in testis of mature bulls. When bull sperm were incubated in Sp-TALP (0 and 4 hr) plus 10 µg/ml heparin (capacitation group) or 10 µg/ml heparin + 10 µM captopril (an ACE inhibitor) for 4 hr, the number of acrosome-reacted (40.1 vs. 24.0%, respectively) and hyperactivated (15.0 vs. 9.7%) sperm increased, and tyrosine phosphoprotein content were higher (p < 0.05) for sperm in heparin alone. tACE activity was also higher (0.04 U/ml; p < 0.01) in incubation medium of sperm exposed to heparin compared to 0- and 4-hr incubation controls or heparin + captopril conditions (0, 0.005, and 0.009 U/ml, respectively). Furthermore, capacitation-associated shedding of a portion of tACE into the medium decreased sperm content of the 110-kDa tACE, but concurrently increased the abundance of a 60-kDa tACE variant. Thus, a portion of the extracellular region of tACE (containing its catalytic site) is released from bovine sperm during capacitation, and tACE activity may be required for sperm capacitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Ojaghi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Production Animal Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - John Kastelic
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Production Animal Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jacob Thundathil
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Production Animal Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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22
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Rajamanickam GD, Kastelic JP, Thundathil JC. Content of testis-specific isoform of Na/K-ATPase (ATP1A4) is increased during bovine sperm capacitation through translation in mitochondrial ribosomes. Cell Tissue Res 2016; 368:187-200. [PMID: 27807702 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-016-2514-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Capacitation comprises a series of structural and functional modifications of sperm that confer fertilizing ability. We previously reported that the testis-specific isoform of Na/K-ATPase (ATP1A4) regulated bovine sperm capacitation through signaling mechanisms involving kinases. During subsequent investigations to elucidate mechanisms by which ATP1A4 regulates sperm capacitation, we observed that ATP1A4 was localised in both raft and non-raft fractions of the sperm plasma membrane and that its total content was increased in both membrane fractions during capacitation. The objective of the present study was to investigate mechanism(s) of capacitation-associated increase in the content of ATP1A4. Despite the widely accepted dogma of transcriptional/translational quiescence, incubation of sperm with either ouabain (specific ligand for ATP1A4) or heparin increased ATP1A4 content in raft and non-raft sperm membrane fractions, total sperm protein extracts (immunoblotting) and fixed sperm (flow cytometry), with a concurrent increase in Na/K-ATPase enzyme activity. This capacitation-associated increase in ATP1A4 content was partially decreased by chloramphenicol (mitochondrial translation inhibitor) but not affected by actinomycin D (transcription inhibitor). To demonstrate de novo ATP1A4 synthesis, we evaluated incorporation of bodipy conjugated lysine in this protein during capacitation. A partial decrease in bodipy-lysine incorporation occurred in ATP1A4 from sperm capacitated in the presence of chloramphenicol. Therefore, increased ATP1A4 content during capacitation was attributed to mitochondrial translation of ATP1A4 mRNA present in ejaculated sperm, rather than gene transcription. To our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating ATP1A4 synthesis during bovine sperm capacitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayathri D Rajamanickam
- Department of Production Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Heritage Medical Research Building RM 400, Calgary, AB, T2N4N1, Canada
| | - John P Kastelic
- Department of Production Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Heritage Medical Research Building RM 400, Calgary, AB, T2N4N1, Canada
| | - Jacob C Thundathil
- Department of Production Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Heritage Medical Research Building RM 400, Calgary, AB, T2N4N1, Canada.
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23
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Fertility management of bulls to improve beef cattle productivity. Theriogenology 2016; 86:397-405. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.04.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Revised: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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24
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Kumar DL, Kumar PL, James PF. Methylation-dependent and independent regulatory regions in the Na,K-ATPase alpha4 (Atp1a4) gene may impact its testis-specific expression. Gene 2016; 575:339-52. [PMID: 26343794 PMCID: PMC4662617 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Revised: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The α4 Na,K-ATPase is a sperm-specific protein essential for sperm motility and fertility yet little is known about the mechanisms that regulate its expression in germ cells. Here, the potential involvement of DNA methylation in regulating the expression of this sperm-specific protein is explored. A single, intragenic CpG island (Mα4-CGI) was identified in the gene encoding the mouse α4 Na,K-ATPase (Atp1a4), which displayed reduced methylation in mouse sperm (cells that contain α4) compared to mouse kidney (tissue that lacks α4 expression). Unlike the intragenic CGI, the putative promoter (the -700 to +200 region relative to the transcriptional start site) of Atp1a4 did not show differential methylation between kidney and sperm nevertheless it did drive methylation-dependent reporter gene expression in the male germ cell line GC-1spg. Furthermore, treatment of GC-1spg cells with 5-aza2-deoxycytidine led to upregulation of the α4 transcript and decreased methylation of both the Atp1a4 promoter and the Mα4-CGI. In addition, Atp1a4 expression in mouse embryonic stem cells deficient in DNA methyltransferases suggests that both maintenance and de novo methylation are involved in regulating its expression. In an attempt to define the regulatory function of the Mα4-CGI, possible roles of the Mα4-CGI in regulating Atp1a4 expression via methylation-dependent transcriptional elongation inhibition in somatic cells and via its ability to repress promoter activity in germ cells were uncovered. In all, our data suggests that both the promoter and the intragenic CGI could combine to provide multiple modes of regulation for optimizing the Atp1a4 expression level in a cell type-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepti L Kumar
- Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, United States
| | - Priya L Kumar
- Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, United States
| | - Paul F James
- Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, United States.
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25
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Rahman MB, Kamal MM, Rijsselaere T, Vandaele L, Shamsuddin M, Van Soom A. Altered chromatin condensation of heat-stressed spermatozoa perturbs the dynamics of DNA methylation reprogramming in the paternal genome after in vitro fertilisation in cattle. Reprod Fertil Dev 2015; 26:1107-16. [PMID: 24041366 DOI: 10.1071/rd13218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 08/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Shortly after penetration of the oocyte, sperm DNA is actively demethylated, which is required for totipotent zygotic development. Aberrant DNA methylation is thought to be associated with altered chromatin condensation of spermatozoa. The objectives of this study were to investigate the dynamics of DNA methylation reprogramming in the paternal pronucleus and subsequent fertilisation potential of heat-stressed bull spermatozoa having altered chromatin condensation. Hence, bovine zygotes (n=1239) were collected at three different time points (12, 18 and 24h post insemination, hpi), and stained with an antibody against 5-methylcytosine. Fluorescence intensities of paternal and maternal pronuclei were measured by ImageJ. DNA methylation patterns in paternal pronuclei derived from heat-stressed spermatozoa did not differ between time points (P>0.05), whereas control zygotes clearly showed demethylation and de novo methylation at 18 and 24hpi, respectively. Moreover, heat-stressed spermatozoa showed a highly reduced (P<0.01) fertilisation rate compared with non-heat-stressed or normal control spermatozoa (53.7% vs 70.2% or 81.5%, respectively). Our data show that the normal pattern of active DNA demethylation followed by de novo methylation in the paternal pronucleus is perturbed when oocytes are fertilised with heat-stressed spermatozoa, which may be responsible for decreased fertilisation potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Bozlur Rahman
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Md Mostofa Kamal
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Tom Rijsselaere
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Leen Vandaele
- Department of Animal Science, Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research, Scheldeweg 68, 9090 Melle, Belgium
| | - Mohammed Shamsuddin
- Department of Surgery and Obstetrics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Ann Van Soom
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
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Henning H, Masal C, Herr A, Wolf K, Urhausen C, Beineke A, Beyerbach M, Kramer S, Günzel-Apel AR. Effect of short-term scrotal hyperthermia on spermatological parameters, testicular blood flow and gonadal tissue in dogs. Reprod Domest Anim 2014; 49:145-57. [PMID: 24428565 DOI: 10.1111/rda.12244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2012] [Accepted: 08/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The objective was to assess the effect of a short-term scrotal hyperthermia in dogs on quantitative and qualitative ejaculate parameters, testicular blood flow and testicular and epididymal histology. After a control period, the scrotum of seven normospermic adult beagle dogs was insulated with a self-made suspensory for 48 h. Nine weeks later, two animals were castrated, while in five animals, scrotal hyperthermia was repeated. Dogs were castrated either 10 or 40 days thereafter. In each phase of scrotal insulation, average scrotal surface temperature increased by 3.0°C. Semen was collected twice weekly throughout the experiment. Total sperm count did not change after the first hyperthermia, but it slightly decreased after the second (p < 0.05). Profiles of sperm morphology and velocity parameters (CASA) rather indicated subtle physiological variations in sperm quality than effects of a local heat stress. Chromatin stability of ejaculated spermatozoa as indicated by SCSA remained constant throughout the experiment. Perfusion characteristics of the gonads, that is, systolic peak velocity, pulsatility and resistance index at the marginal location of the testicular artery, did not change due to hyperthermia (p > 0.05). Histological examination of excised testes and epididymides for apoptotic (TUNEL and activated caspase-3) and proliferating cells (Ki-67 antigen) indicated only marginal effects of scrotal insulation on tissue morphology. In conclusion, a mild short-term scrotal hyperthermia in dogs does not cause substantial changes in sperm quantity and quality. In contrast to other species, canine testes and epididymides may have a higher competence to compensate such thermal stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Henning
- Unit for Reproductive Medicine of Clinics, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany; Clinic for Pigs and Small Ruminants, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
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Proteins associated with critical sperm functions and sperm head shape are differentially expressed in morphologically abnormal bovine sperm induced by scrotal insulation. J Proteomics 2013; 82:64-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2012] [Revised: 02/26/2013] [Accepted: 02/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Rahman MS, Lee JS, Kwon WS, Pang MG. Sperm proteomics: road to male fertility and contraception. Int J Endocrinol 2013; 2013:360986. [PMID: 24363670 PMCID: PMC3864079 DOI: 10.1155/2013/360986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2013] [Revised: 11/01/2013] [Accepted: 11/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Spermatozoa are highly specialized cells that can be easily obtained and purified. Mature spermatozoa are transcriptionally and translationally inactive and incapable of protein synthesis. In addition, spermatozoa contain relatively higher amounts of membrane proteins compared to other cells; therefore, they are very suitable for proteomic studies. Recently, the application of proteomic approaches such as the two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, mass spectrometry, and differential in-gel electrophoresis has identified several sperm-specific proteins. These findings have provided a further understanding of protein functions involved in different sperm processes as well as of the differentiation of normal state from an abnormal one. In addition, studies on the sperm proteome have demonstrated the importance of spermatozoal posttranslational modifications and their ability to induce physiological changes responsible for fertilization. Large-scale proteomic studies to identify hundreds to thousands of sperm proteins will ultimately result in the development of novel biomarkers that may help to detect fertility, the state of complete contraception, and beyond. Eventually, these protein biomarkers will allow for a better diagnosis of sperm dysfunctions and aid in drug development. This paper reviews the recent scientific publications available from the PubMed database to address sperm proteomics and its potential application to characterize male fertility and contraception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Saidur Rahman
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, School of Bioresource and Bioscience, Chung-Ang University, 4726 Seodong-daero, Anseong, Gyeonggi-Do 456-756, Republic of Korea
| | - June-Sub Lee
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, School of Bioresource and Bioscience, Chung-Ang University, 4726 Seodong-daero, Anseong, Gyeonggi-Do 456-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Sung Kwon
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, School of Bioresource and Bioscience, Chung-Ang University, 4726 Seodong-daero, Anseong, Gyeonggi-Do 456-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Geol Pang
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, School of Bioresource and Bioscience, Chung-Ang University, 4726 Seodong-daero, Anseong, Gyeonggi-Do 456-756, Republic of Korea
- *Myung-Geol Pang:
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Thundathil JC, Rajamanickam GD, Kastelic JP, Newton LD. The Effects of Increased Testicular Temperature on Testis-Specific Isoform of Na+/K+-ATPase in Sperm and its Role in Spermatogenesis and Sperm Function. Reprod Domest Anim 2012; 47 Suppl 4:170-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2012.02072.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Abstract
The sole purpose of a sperm cell is to carry genetic information from a male to a female egg. In order to accomplish this quest, the sperm cell must travel a long distance through a constantly changing environment. The success of this journey depends on membrane proteins that are uniquely expressed in sperm cells. One of these proteins is the α4 isoform of the sodium pump. This pump is optimized to cope with the ionic environment characteristic of the female reproductive tract, and its activity may be tightly coupled with secondary transporters that maintain cytoplasmic pH. Pharmacological inhibition of α4 is sufficient to inhibit sperm motility, and significant differences around the inhibitor-binding site compared with the ubiquitous α1 isoform, make α4 a feasible target in rational drug development.
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Rahman MB, Vandaele L, Rijsselaere T, Maes D, Hoogewijs M, Frijters A, Noordman J, Granados A, Dernelle E, Shamsuddin M, Parrish JJ, Van Soom A. Scrotal insulation and its relationship to abnormal morphology, chromatin protamination and nuclear shape of spermatozoa in Holstein-Friesian and Belgian Blue bulls. Theriogenology 2011; 76:1246-57. [PMID: 21777969 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2011.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2010] [Revised: 05/12/2011] [Accepted: 05/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to identify the stages of spermatogenesis susceptible to elevated testicular temperature in terms of sperm motility, viability, morphology, chromatin protamination and nuclear shape. The latter two valuable parameters are not included in routine semen analysis. Scrotal insulation (SI) was applied for 48 h in 2 Holstein-Friesian (HF) and 2 Belgian Blue (BB) bulls and semen was collected at 7 d intervals along with semen collection of a non-insulated bull of each breed. Semen samples were frozen and assigned to 4 groups: period 1 (preinsulation) = -7 d and 0 d, where 0 d = initiation of SI after semen collection; period 2 = 7 d (sperm presumed in the epididymis during SI); period 3 = 14 d to 42 d (cells presumed at spermiogenesis and meiosis stages during SI); period 4 = 49 d to 63 d (cells presumed at spermatocytogenesis stage during SI). The percentages of progressively motile and viable spermatozoa as assessed by computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) and fluorescence microscopy, respectively were decreased whereas abnormal sperm heads, nuclear vacuoles and tail defects were increased at period 3 (P < 0.05) compared to period 1, 2 or 4 in SI bulls of both HF and BB breeds. Protamine deficient spermatozoa as observed by chromomycin A(3) (CMA(3)) staining were more present (P < 0.05) at period 2 and 3 in both breeds compared to period 1 or 4. Sperm nuclear shape as determined by Fourier harmonic amplitude (FHA) was most affected by heat stress during period 3 (P < 0.01) and a higher response was observed in BB bulls than HF bulls. In conclusion, sperm cells at the spermiogenic and meiotic stages of development are more susceptible to heat stress. The lack of chromatin protamination is the most pertinent result of heat stress, together with subtle changes in sperm head shape, which can be detected by FHA but not by conventional semen analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Bozlur Rahman
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
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Breitbart H, Etkovitz N. Role and regulation of EGFR in actin remodeling in sperm capacitation and the acrosome reaction. Asian J Androl 2010; 13:106-10. [PMID: 21200378 DOI: 10.1038/aja.2010.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
To bind and fertilize the egg, the spermatozoon should undergo few biochemical and motility changes in the female reproductive tract collectively called capacitation. The capacitated spermatozoon binds to the egg zona pellucida, and then undergoes the acrosome reaction (AR), which allows its penetration into the egg. The mechanisms regulating sperm capacitation and the AR are not completely understood. In the present review, we summarize some data regarding the role and regulation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in these processes. In the capacitation process, the EGFR is partially activated by protein kinase A (PKA), resulting in phospholipase D (PLD) activation and actin polymerization. Protein kinase C alpha (PKCα), which is already activated at the beginning of the capacitation, also participates in PLD activation. Further activation of the EGFR at the end of the capacitation enhances intracellular Ca(2+) concentration leading to F-actin breakdown and allows the AR to take place. Under in vivo conditions, the EGFR can be directly activated by its known ligand epidermal growth factor (EGF), and indirectly by activating PKA or by transactivation mediated by G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) activation or by ouabain. Under physiological conditions, sperm PKA is activated mainly by bicarbonate, which activates the soluble adenylyl cyclase to produce cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), the activator of PKA. The GPCR activators angiotensin II or lysophosphatidic acid, as well as ouabain and EGF are physiological components present in the female reproductive tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haim Breitbart
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel.
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Daniel L, Etkovitz N, Weiss SR, Rubinstein S, Ickowicz D, Breitbart H. Regulation of the sperm EGF receptor by ouabain leads to initiation of the acrosome reaction. Dev Biol 2010; 344:650-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2010.05.490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2010] [Revised: 03/25/2010] [Accepted: 05/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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NEWTON LARISSAD, KRISHNAKUMAR SULOCHANA, MENON AJITKUMARGOPINADHA, KASTELIC JOHNP, VAN DER HOORN FRANSA, THUNDATHIL JACOBC. Na+/K+ATPase regulates sperm capacitation through a mechanism involving kinases and redistribution of its testis-specific isoform. Mol Reprod Dev 2010; 77:136-48. [PMID: 19834983 PMCID: PMC5059152 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.21114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Incubation of bovine sperm with ouabain, an endogenous cardiac glycoside that inhibits both the ubiquitous (ATP1A1) and testis-specific alpha4 (ATP1A4) isoforms of Na(+)/K(+)ATPase, induces tyrosine phosphorylation and capacitation. The objectives of this study were to investigate: (1) fertilizing ability of bovine sperm capacitated by incubating with ouabain; (2) involvement of ATP1A4 in this process; and (3) signaling mechanisms involved in the regulation of sperm capacitation induced by inhibition of Na(+)/K(+)ATPase activity. Fresh sperm capacitated by incubating with ouabain (inhibits both ATP1A1 and ATP1A4) or with anti-ATP1A4 immunoserum fertilized bovine oocytes in vitro. Capacitation was associated with relocalization of ATP1A4 from the entire sperm head to the post-acrosomal region. To investigate signaling mechanisms involved in oubain-induced regulation of sperm capacitation, sperm preparations were pre-incubated with inhibitors of specific signaling molecules, followed by incubation with ouabain. The phosphotyrosine content of sperm preparations was determined by immunoblotting, and capacitation status of these sperm preparations were evaluated through an acrosome reaction assay. We inferred that Na(+)/K(+)ATPase was involved in the regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation in sperm proteins through receptor tyrosine kinase, nonreceptor type protein kinase, and protein kinases A and C. In conclusion, inhibition of Na(+)/K(+)ATPase induced tyrosine phosphorylation and capacitation through multiple signal transduction pathways, imparting fertilizing ability in bovine sperm. To our knowledge, this is the first report documenting both the involvement of ATP1A4 in the regulation of bovine sperm capacitation and that fresh bovine sperm capacitated by the inhibition of Na(+)/K(+)ATPase can fertilize oocytes in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- LARISSA D. NEWTON
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Production Animal Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - SULOCHANA KRISHNAKUMAR
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Production Animal Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - AJITKUMAR GOPINADHA MENON
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Production Animal Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - JOHN P. KASTELIC
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Production Animal Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Lethbridge Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - FRANS A. VAN DER HOORN
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - JACOB C. THUNDATHIL
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Production Animal Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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