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Schwarz JF, Gadermayr L, Redl S, Holtrichter-Rößmann T, Paulik C, Schwarzinger C. Structural Characterization of BIAN Type Molecules Used in Viscosity Reduction of Alkyl Magnesium Solutions. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28020489. [PMID: 36677555 PMCID: PMC9865295 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
N1,N2-diphenylacenaphthylene-1,2-diimines (BIANs) have been used to reduce the undesired high viscosity of alkyl magnesium solutions, which are known to form polymeric structures. In order to understand the mechanisms, analyses of the BIAN alkyl magnesium solutions have been carried out under inert conditions with SEC-MS, NMR, and FTIR and were compared to the structures obtained from HPLC-MS, FTIR, and NMR after aqueous workup. While viscosity reduction was shown for all BIAN derivatives used, only the bis (diisopropyl)-substituted BIAN could be clearly assigned to a single reaction product, which also could be reused without loss of efficiency or decomposition. All other derivatives have been shown to behave differently, even under inert conditions, and decompose upon contact with acidic solvents. While the chemical reactions observed after the workup of the used BIANs are dominated by (multiple) alkylation, mainly on the C = N double bond, the observation of viscosity reduction cannot be assigned to this reaction alone, but to the interaction of the nitrogen atoms of BIANs with the Mg of the alkyl magnesium polymers, as could be shown by FTIR and NMR measurements under inert conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Felicitas Schwarz
- Institute for Chemical Technology of Organic Materials, Johannes Kepler University (JKU), Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Lukas Gadermayr
- Institute for Chemical Technology of Organic Materials, Johannes Kepler University (JKU), Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Samuel Redl
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University (JKU), Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | | | - Christian Paulik
- Institute for Chemical Technology of Organic Materials, Johannes Kepler University (JKU), Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Clemens Schwarzinger
- Institute for Chemical Technology of Organic Materials, Johannes Kepler University (JKU), Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
- Correspondence:
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Modified Magnesium Alkyls for Ziegler–Natta Catalysts. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12090973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnesium alkyls such as butyl octyl magnesium and butyl ethyl magnesium are used as precursors for highly active and water-free magnesium chloride support materials for Ziegler–Natta catalysts. These alkyls show a high viscosity in hydrocarbon solvents which negatively affect their industrial application. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations supported the hypothesis that magnesium alkyls can form oligomeric chain structures responsible for the high viscosity. Heterocumulenes such as isocyanates, isothiocyanates and carbodiimides were studied as additives reducing the viscosity, supported by DFT calculations. The modified alkyls have further been tested in catalyst synthesis and in the polymerization of ethylene. The polymerization results showed high activities and similar polymer properties compared with a catalyst prepared without modified magnesium alkyl.
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Masoori M, Rashedi R, Sepahi A, Jandaghian MH, Nikzinat E, Houshmandmoayed S. Structure–Performance Relationship(SPR) of Ziegler Natta catalysts(TiCl4/MgCl2-based) in ethylene/1-butene and ethylene/1-hexene copolymerization. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-022-03173-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Göpperl L, Pernusch D, Schwarz J, Paulik C. Impact of Polymerization Process Parameters on Improved Comonomer Incorporation Behavior in Ziegler‐Natta Catalysis. MACROMOL REACT ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/mren.202100042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Göpperl
- Institute for Chemical Technology of Organic Materials Johannes Kepler University Linz Altenbergerstrasse 69 Linz 4040 Austria
| | - Daniel Pernusch
- Institute for Chemical Technology of Organic Materials Johannes Kepler University Linz Altenbergerstrasse 69 Linz 4040 Austria
| | - Julia Schwarz
- Institute for Chemical Technology of Organic Materials Johannes Kepler University Linz Altenbergerstrasse 69 Linz 4040 Austria
| | - Christian Paulik
- Institute for Chemical Technology of Organic Materials Johannes Kepler University Linz Altenbergerstrasse 69 Linz 4040 Austria
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Bazgir H, Abbas-Abadi MS, Haghighi MN, Darounkola MRR, Issaabadi Z, Rashedi R. Synthesis of novel Ziegler Natta catalyst in the presence of internal promoter and electron donors for ethylene and ethylene/ 1-hexene polymerization. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-021-02666-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Akram MA, Liu X, Jiang B, Zhang B, Ali A, Fu Z, Fan Z. Effect of alkylaluminum cocatalyst on ethylene/1-hexene copolymerization and active center distribution of MgCl2-supported Ziegler-Natta catalyst. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2021.1892495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Adnan Akram
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Baiyu Jiang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Biao Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Amjad Ali
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhisheng Fu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhiqiang Fan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Jandaghian MH, Maddah Y, Nikzinat E, Masoori M, Sepahi A, Rashedi R. Investigation of the effects of heat treatment parameters during synthesis of titanium-magnesium-based Ziegler-Natta catalysts. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2020.1845097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hossein Jandaghian
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
- Research and Development Center, Jam Petrochemical Company, Pars Special Economic Energy Zone, Asaluyeh, Iran
| | - Yasaman Maddah
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
- Research and Development Center, Jam Petrochemical Company, Pars Special Economic Energy Zone, Asaluyeh, Iran
| | - Ehsan Nikzinat
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
- Research and Development Center, Jam Petrochemical Company, Pars Special Economic Energy Zone, Asaluyeh, Iran
| | - Maryam Masoori
- Research and Development Center, Jam Petrochemical Company, Pars Special Economic Energy Zone, Asaluyeh, Iran
| | - Abdolhannan Sepahi
- Research and Development Center, Jam Petrochemical Company, Pars Special Economic Energy Zone, Asaluyeh, Iran
| | - Reza Rashedi
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
- Research and Development Center, Jam Petrochemical Company, Pars Special Economic Energy Zone, Asaluyeh, Iran
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Yu Y, McKenna TFL, Boisson C, Lacerda Miranda MS, Martins O. Engineering Poly(ethylene-co-1-butene) through Modulating the Active Species by Alkylaluminum. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c01712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yu
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS UMR 5265, Laboratoire Chimie, Catalyse, Polymères et Procédés (C2P2), Bat 308F, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Timothy F. L. McKenna
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS UMR 5265, Laboratoire Chimie, Catalyse, Polymères et Procédés (C2P2), Bat 308F, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Christophe Boisson
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS UMR 5265, Laboratoire Chimie, Catalyse, Polymères et Procédés (C2P2), Bat 308F, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | | | - Olavo Martins
- Braskem SA, Global Catalysis, I&T E&P, 95853-000 Triunfo, Brazil
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Recent progress in preparation of branched polyethylene with nickel, titanium, vanadium and chromium catalytic systems and EPR study of related catalytic systems. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.109339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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10
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Jiang B, Liu X, Weng Y, Fu Z, He A, Fan Z. Mechanistic study on comonomer effect in ethylene/1-hexene copolymerization with TiCl4/MgCl2 model Ziegler-Natta catalysts. J Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2018.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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