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Akram MA, Wang X, Shrestha N, Zhang Y, Sun Y, Yao S, Li J, Hou Q, Hu W, Ran J, Deng J. Variations and driving factors of leaf functional traits in the dominant desert plant species along an environmental gradient in the drylands of China. Sci Total Environ 2023; 897:165394. [PMID: 37437630 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Leaf functional traits (LFTs) of desert plants are responsive, adaptable and highly plastic to their environment. However, the macroscale variation in LFTs and driving factors underlying this variation remain unclear, especially for desert plants. Here, we measured eight LFTs, including leaf carbon concentration (LCC), leaf nitrogen concentration (LNC), leaf phosphorus concentration (LPC), specific leaf area (SLA), leaf dry matter content (LDMC), leaf mass per area (LMA), leaf thickness (LTH) and leaf tissue density (LTD) across 114 sites along environmental gradient in the drylands of China and in Guazhou Common Garden and evaluated the effect of environment and phylogeny on the LFTs. We noted that for all species, the mean values of LCC, LNC, LPC, SLA, LDMC, LMA, LTH and LTD were 384.62 mg g-1, 19.91 mg g-1, 1.12 mg g-1, 79.62 cm2 g-1, 0.74 g g-1, 237.39 g m-2, 0.38 mm and 0.91 g cm-3, respectively. LFTs exhibited significant geographical variations and the LNC, LMA and LTH in the plants of Guazhou Common Garden were significantly higher than the field sites in the drylands of China. LDMC and LTD of plants in Guazhou Common Garden were, however, considerably lower than those in the drylands of China. LCC, LPC, LTH and LTD differed significantly among different plant lifeforms, while LNC, SLA, LDMC and LMA didn't show significant variations. We found that the environmental variables explained higher spatial variations (3.6-66.3 %) in LFTs than the phylogeny (1.8-54.2 %). The LCC significantly increased, while LDMC and LTD decreased with increased temperature and reduced precipitation. LPC, LDMC, LMA, and LTD significantly increased, while SLA and LTH decreased with increased aridity. However, leaf elements were not significantly correlated with soil nutrients. The mean annual precipitation was a key factor controlling variations in LFTs at the macroscale in the drylands of China. These findings will provide new insights to better understand the response of LFTs and plants adaptation along environmental gradient in drylands, and will serve as a reference for studying biogeographic patterns of leaf traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Adnan Akram
- School of Economics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems (SKLHIGA), College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Xiaoting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems (SKLHIGA), College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Nawal Shrestha
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems (SKLHIGA), College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yahui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems (SKLHIGA), College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Ying Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems (SKLHIGA), College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Shuran Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems (SKLHIGA), College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jinhui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems (SKLHIGA), College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Qingqing Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems (SKLHIGA), College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Weigang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems (SKLHIGA), College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jinzhi Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems (SKLHIGA), College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jianming Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems (SKLHIGA), College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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Wang X, Ji M, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Akram MA, Dong L, Hu W, Xiong J, Sun Y, Li H, Degen AA, Ran J, Deng J. Plant trait networks reveal adaptation strategies in the drylands of China. BMC Plant Biol 2023; 23:266. [PMID: 37202776 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04273-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plants accomplish multiple functions by the interrelationships between functional traits. Clarifying the complex relationships between plant traits would enable us to better understand how plants employ different strategies to adapt to the environment. Although increasing attention is being paid to plant traits, few studies focused on the adaptation to aridity through the relationship among multiple traits. We established plant trait networks (PTNs) to explore the interdependence of sixteen plant traits across drylands. RESULTS Our results revealed significant differences in PTNs among different plant life-forms and different levels of aridity. Trait relationships for woody plants were weaker, but were more modularized than for herbs. Woody plants were more connected in economic traits, whereas herbs were more connected in structural traits to reduce damage caused by drought. Furthermore, the correlations between traits were tighter with higher edge density in semi-arid than in arid regions, suggesting that resource sharing and trait coordination are more advantageous under low drought conditions. Importantly, our results demonstrated that stem phosphorus concentration (SPC) was a hub trait correlated with other traits across drylands. CONCLUSIONS The results demonstrate that plants exhibited adaptations to the arid environment by adjusting trait modules through alternative strategies. PTNs provide a new insight into understanding the adaptation strategies of plants to drought stress based on the interdependence among plant functional traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Mingfei Ji
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Security for Water Source Region of Mid-Route Project of South-North Water Diversion of Henan Province, College of Water Resource and Environment Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, 473061, China
| | - Yahui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Muhammad Adnan Akram
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- School of Economics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Longwei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Weigang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Junlan Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Ying Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Hailin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Abraham Allan Degen
- Desert Animal Adaptations and Husbandry, Wyler Department of Dryland Agriculture, Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of Negev, Beer Sheva, 8410500, Israel
| | - Jinzhi Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Jianming Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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Inam M, Jamshed M, Rehman I, Noor Khan W, Iqbal Zaman M, Adnan Akram M, Chudhary T. Impact of L-Pyroglutamic Acid on the Solubility of Puerarin: Preparation, Solid-State Characterization and Physicochemical Evaluation of Puerarin-L-Pyroglutamic Acid Co-Crystal. J MEX CHEM SOC 2023. [DOI: 10.29356/jmcs.v67i2.1916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Abstract. Drug solubility plays a significant role in the successful therapeutic formulation. The objective of this work is enhancing the water solubility of Puerarin. We successfully synthesized a novel crystalline phase co-crystal of Puerarin (PUE) with L-pyroglutamic acid (PG) via recrystallization method and characterized by various solid-state characterization techniques. PXRD pattern shows the crystallinity phase co-crystal. The DSC analysis of co-crystal shows change in the thermal behavior compared with a pure form of PUE and PG. The FT-IR analysis shows change in the functional group frequency due to H-bonding interaction between PUE and PG molecule. The solubility of Pure PUE and co-crystal investigated in Pure water, pH 6.8 phosphate buffer solution and pH 1.2 acidic medium. co-crystal reveals improved solubility when compared with pure form of PUE. The time-dependent in vitro dissolution rate of co-crystal was more significant compared to the pure commercial form of PUE, demonstrating that co-crystal could be used as a useful product for pharmaceutical formulation with enhance properties.
Resumen. La solubilidad de un fármaco juega un papel importante en su formulación farmacútica final. El objetivo de este trabajo es incrementar la solubilidad acuosa del compuesto puerarina. En este sentido, reportamos la síntesis de una nueva matriz cristalina, formada a través de la recristalización de una mezcla de puerarina (PUE) y ácido L-piroglutámico (PG). El patron de análisis DSC del co-cristal mostró un cambio términco comparado con PUE y PG puros. El análisis detallado del co-cristal por medio de infrarrojo (FT-IR) mostró un cambio en la fecuancia de absorción en la región característica de enlaces de hidrógeno entre PUE y PG. Comparamos la solubilidad de una muestra pura de PUE y la de una muestra del co-cristal en agua, en un buffer de fosfátos pH 6.8, y en medio acídico a pH 1.2. La muestra del co-cristal mostró un aumento significativo en la solubilidad acuosa, comparada con la de PUE en todos los medios. Además, el perfil de disolución de una mestra del co-cristal fue significativamente mayor que el perfil de disolución de PUE, demostrando que esta forma de co-cristalización es un procedimiento altamente efectivo para incrementar la solubilidad acuosa de PUE.
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Zhang Y, Xie S, Wang X, Akram MA, Hu W, Dong L, Sun Y, Li H, Degen AA, Xiong J, Ran J, Deng J. Concentrations and bioconcentration factors of leaf microelements in response to environmental gradients in drylands of China. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1143442. [PMID: 36938005 PMCID: PMC10019776 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1143442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Determining response patterns of plant leaf elements to environmental variables would be beneficial in understanding plant adaptive strategies and in predicting ecosystem biogeochemistry processes. Despite the vital role of microelements in life chemistry and ecosystem functioning, little is known about how plant microelement concentrations, especially their bioconcentration factors (BCFs, the ratio of plant to soil concentration of elements), respond to large-scale environmental gradients, such as aridity, soil properties and anthropogenic activities, in drylands. The aim of the present study was to fill this important gap. We determined leaf microelement BCFs by measuring the concentrations of Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu and Zn in soils from 33 sites and leaves of 111 plants from 67 species across the drylands of China. Leaf microelement concentrations were maintained within normal ranges to satisfy the basic requirements of plants, even in nutrient-poor soil. Aridity, soil organic carbon (SOC) and electrical conductivity (EC) had positive effects, while soil pH had a negative effect on leaf microelement concentrations. Except for Fe, aridity affected leaf microelement BCFs negatively and indirectly by increasing soil pH and SOC. Anthropogenic activities and soil clay contents had relatively weak impacts on both leaf microelement concentrations and BCFs. Moreover, leaf microelement concentrations and BCFs shifted with thresholds at 0.89 for aridity and 7.9 and 8.9 for soil pH. Woody plants were positive indicator species and herbaceous plants were mainly negative indicator species of leaf microelement concentrations and BCFs for aridity and soil pH. Our results suggest that increased aridity limits the absorption of microelements by plant leaves and enhances leaf microelement concentrations. The identification of indicator species for the response of plant microelements to aridity and key soil characteristics revealed that woody species in drylands were more tolerant to environmental changes than herbaceous species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems (SKLHIGA), College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shubin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems (SKLHIGA), College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaoting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems (SKLHIGA), College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Adnan Akram
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems (SKLHIGA), College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- School of Economics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Weigang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems (SKLHIGA), College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Longwei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems (SKLHIGA), College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ying Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems (SKLHIGA), College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hailing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems (SKLHIGA), College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Abraham Allan Degen
- Desert Animal Adaptations and Husbandry, Wyler Department of Dryland Agriculture, Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Junlan Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems (SKLHIGA), College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jinzhi Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems (SKLHIGA), College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jianming Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems (SKLHIGA), College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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Aqeel M, Ran J, Hu W, Irshad MK, Dong L, Akram MA, Eldesoky GE, Aljuwayid AM, Chuah LF, Deng J. Plant-soil-microbe interactions in maintaining ecosystem stability and coordinated turnover under changing environmental conditions. Chemosphere 2023; 318:137924. [PMID: 36682633 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.137924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Ecosystem functions directly depend upon biophysical as well as biogeochemical reactions occurring at the soil-microbe-plant interface. Environment is considered as a major driver of any ecosystem and for the distributions of living organisms. Any changes in climate may potentially alter the composition of communities i.e., plants, soil microbes and the interactions between them. Since the impacts of global climate change are not short-term, it is indispensable to appraise its effects on different life forms including soil-microbe-plant interactions. This article highlights the crucial role that microbial communities play in interacting with plants under environmental disturbances, especially thermal and water stress. We reviewed that in response to the environmental changes, actions and reactions of plants and microbes vary markedly within an ecosystem. Changes in environment and climate like warming, CO2 elevation, and moisture deficiency impact plant and microbial performance, their diversity and ultimately community structure. Plant and soil feedbacks also affect interacting species and modify community composition. The interactive relationship between plants and soil microbes is critically important for structuring terrestrial ecosystems. The anticipated climate change is aggravating the living conditions for soil microbes and plants. The environmental insecurity and complications are not short-term and limited to any particular type of organism. We have appraised effects of climate change on the soil inhabiting microbes and plants in a broader prospect. This article highlights the unique qualities of tripartite interaction between plant-soil-microbe under climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Aqeel
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, PR China
| | - Jinzhi Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, PR China
| | - Weigang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, PR China
| | - Muhammad Kashif Irshad
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, (38000), Pakistan
| | - Longwei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, PR China
| | - Muhammad Adnan Akram
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, PR China; Department of Materials Engineering, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 44, Leuven 3001, Belgium
| | - Gaber E Eldesoky
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Muteb Aljuwayid
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lai Fatt Chuah
- Faculty of Maritime Studies, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia.
| | - Jianming Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, PR China.
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Khan I, Awan SA, Rizwan M, Akram MA, Zia-Ur-Rehman M, Wang X, Zhang X, Huang L. Physiological and transcriptome analyses demonstrate the silver nanoparticles mediated alleviation of salt stress in pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L). Environ Pollut 2023; 318:120863. [PMID: 36526056 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.) is a highly nutritive-value summer-annual forage crop used for hay, silage, grazing, and green chop. However, abiotic stresses including salinity negatively affect its growth and productivity. Furthermore, the nanotechnology is attaining greater consideration to reduce the impact of environmental stresses in plants. In the present study, transcriptome responses of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in pearl millet under salinity were investigated. The treatments were given as Control, NaCl (250 mM), AgNPs (20 mg/L), and NaCl + AgNPs to pearl millet seedlings after thirteen days of seed sowing. After 1 h of given treatments, leaf samples were collected and subjected to physio-chemical examination and transcriptome analyses. Salt stress increased the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and proline as compared to other treatments. In addition, the combined applications of NaCl + AgNPs ameliorated the oxidative damage by increasing antioxidant enzymes activities including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD). Furthermore, RNA sequencing data showed 6016 commonly annotated Differentially Expressed Transcripts (DETs) among various treated combinations. Among them, 427 transcripts were upregulated, and 136 transcripts were downregulated at nanoparticles vs control, 1469 upregulated and 1182 downregulated at salt vs control, 494 upregulated and 231 downregulated at salt + nanoparticles vs control, 783 upregulated and 523 downregulated at nanoparticles vs salt. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis showed that Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, and plant hormonal signal transduction pathway were the enriched among all identified pathways. In addition, Reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) showed that salinity up regulated the relative expression of DETs in pearl millet while, AgNPs optimized their expression that are associated with various molecular and metabolic functions. Overall, AgNPs treatments effectively improved the morphology, physiology, biochemistry, and gene expression pattern under salinity which could be attributed to positive impacts of AgNPs on pearl millet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Khan
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, China
| | - Samrah Afzal Awan
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Adnan Akram
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Muhammad Zia-Ur-Rehman
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Xiaosan Wang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Xinquan Zhang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Linkai Huang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
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Dong X, Qu L, Dong G, Legesse TG, Akram MA, Tong Q, Jiang S, Yan Y, Xin X, Deng J, Shao C. Mowing mitigated the sensitivity of ecosystem carbon fluxes responses to heat waves in a Eurasian meadow steppe. Sci Total Environ 2022; 853:158610. [PMID: 36089030 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The heat waves (HW) will be more frequent and intense in the future with increased human activity and uncertain implications for ecosystem carbon fluxes. The semi-arid Eurasian grassland is sensitive to climate change and under frequent HWs attacks. Mowing as one of the most common human practices in this region, combining with HW can have comprehensive effects on plant communities, biomass, and nutrient cycling. Hence, a 3-year (2019-2021) field manipulation experiment was conducted to assess how mowing influenced the carbon cycling under HWs, and the interactions between HWs and mowing on carbon fluxes at the community and ecosystem levels in a Eurasian meadow steppe. Over the three years, HW significantly reduced net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE) and gross ecosystem production (GEP) by 28 % and 8 % (P < 0.05), respectively, whereas ecosystem respiration (Re) did not show significant changes. Moderate mowing (stubble height was set at 6-8 cm) for harvest effectively mitigated ecosystem sensitivity to HWs and significantly increased ecosystem carbon fluxes (NEE, Re, and GEP), biomass and the number of species. Mowing reduced the negative impact of HWs on ecosystem carbon fluxes by about 15 % compared to HWs alone, contributing to the invasion of species such as Thalictrum squarrosum and Vicia amoena, and increased the indirect effect of HW on NEE in the structural equation model. In addition, the higher soil water content (SWC) was another effective way to reduce the impact of HWs. Therefore, mowing and higher SWC would be effective ways to counteract the negative effects of HWs on carbon fluxes in future grassland management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobing Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; National Hulunber Grassland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station & Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Luping Qu
- Forestry College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Isotope Research Center, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Gang Dong
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Tsegaye Gemechu Legesse
- National Hulunber Grassland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station & Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Muhammad Adnan Akram
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Qi Tong
- National Hulunber Grassland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station & Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shicheng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Yuchun Yan
- National Hulunber Grassland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station & Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaoping Xin
- National Hulunber Grassland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station & Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jianming Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Changliang Shao
- National Hulunber Grassland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station & Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
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Li J, Zhao D, Akram MA, Guo C, Jin H, Hu W, Zhang Y, Wang X, Ma A, Xiong J, Ran J, Deng J. Effects of environmental factors on anthocyanin accumulation in the fruits of Lycium ruthenicum Murray across different desert grasslands. J Plant Physiol 2022; 279:153828. [PMID: 36252399 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2022.153828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Anthocyanins can help plants adapt and resist adverse environments and have important nutritional and medicinal effects on human beings. However, how environmental factors affect the anthocyanins accumulation of plants and how to improve the anthocyanins content of plants in different soils needs further exploration. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the effects of environmental factors on the accumulation of cyanidin, petunidin, malvidin, and delphinidin in the fruits of Lycium ruthenicum in sandy desert grassland (SS), gravel desert grassland (GD), and saline-alkali desert grassland (SD) in the lower reaches of the Shiyang River Basin. The variable importance screened the key environmental factors affecting anthocyanin accumulation in projection (VIP) and multiple stepwise regressions. The structural equation model (SEM) was established to understand how the climate and soil factors affect the total anthocyanin accumulation. For establishing soil nutrient optimization schemes by partial least squares regression (PLS) and the simplex algorithm used to improve the anthocyanin content in different types of desert grassland. In SS, electrical conductivity (EC) and microbial biomass carbon (SMBC) showed highly significant and positive effects on the content of total anthocyanin, cyanidin, and petunidin. In GD, soil moisture and microbial biomass nitrogen (SNBN) significantly negatively affected total anthocyanin content. In SD, catalase (CAT), phosphatase (PHO), and total potassium (TK) had the greatest impact on total anthocyanin content. It is indicated that the targeted improvement measures are necessary to increase anthocyanin content in the fruit of Lycium ruthenicum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Gansu Linze Desert Ecosystem Research Station, Gansu Desert Control Research Institute, Linze, 734200, China
| | - Dongmin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Muhammad Adnan Akram
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China; School of Economics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Chunxiu Guo
- Gansu Desert Control Research Institute, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Hongxi Jin
- Gansu Linze Desert Ecosystem Research Station, Gansu Desert Control Research Institute, Linze, 734200, China; Gansu Desert Control Research Institute, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Weigang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yahui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xiaoting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Aiai Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Junlan Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Jinzhi Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Jianming Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
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Khan I, Awan SA, Rizwan M, Hassan ZU, Akram MA, Tariq R, Brestic M, Xie W. Nanoparticle's uptake and translocation mechanisms in plants via seed priming, foliar treatment, and root exposure: a review. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:89823-89833. [PMID: 36344893 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23945-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is one of the promising techniques and shares wide ranges of applications almost in every field of life. Nanomaterials are getting continuous attractions due to specific physical and chemical properties and being applied as multifunctional material. The use of nanomaterials/nanoparticles in agriculture sector for crop improvement and protection against various environmental threats have attained greater significance. Size and nature of nanoparticles, mode of application, environmental conditions, rhizospheric and phyllospheric environment, and plant species are major factors that influence the action of nanoparticles. The mode or method of nanoparticle applications to plants is attaining greater attentions. Recently, different methods for nanoparticle applications (seed priming, foliar, and root application) are being used to improve crop growth. It is of quite worth that which method is suitable for nanoparticle application, and how nanoparticles can possibly translocate to various plant tissues from root to shoot or vice versa. These information's are poorly understood and need more investigations to explore the comprehensive mechanism by which nanoparticles make their possible entry through different plant organs and how they transport to regulate various physiological and molecular functions in plant cells. Therefore, this study comprehensively provides the knowledge of nanoparticles uptake via seed priming, foliar exposure, and root application, and their possible translocation mechanism within plants influenced by various factors that has not clearly presented. This study will provide new insights to find out an actual uptake and translocation mechanism of nanoparticles that may help researchers to develop nanoparticle-based new strategies for plants to cope with various environmental challenges. This study also focuses on different soil factors or above ground factors that are involved in nanoparticles uptake and translocation and ultimately their functioning in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Khan
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, China
| | - Samrah Afzal Awan
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Zaid Ul Hassan
- Institute of Crop Science, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Laboratory of Spectroscopy Sensing, Zhejiang University, Huangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Muhammad Adnan Akram
- School of Economics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Rezwan Tariq
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, 4700, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marian Brestic
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture, Trieda A. Hlinku 2, 949 76, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Wengang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, China.
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Ali N, Masroor R, Iqbal MA, Hasan Kirmani SM, Khurshid H, Akram MA. Five Year Experience of Mitral Valve Repair Surgery at Armed Force Institute of Cardiology. PAFMJ 2022. [DOI: 10.51253/pafmj.v72isuppl-3.9552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Experience of the conventional and a de novo Mitral repair techniques for the treatment of Severe Mitral Regurgitation (MR) in a Tertiary Care Cardiac Hospital of Pakistan.
Study Design: Descriptive cross sectional
Place and Duration of Study: Cardiac Surgical Division, Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology and National Institute of Heart Diseases, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
Methodology: This was a cross sectional study conducted over a period of 5 years from 2016 to 2020, which included SeventyFive (n=75) patients in the trial, 55 females and 20 males. The mean age was 23±9.5 years (range from 16 to 52 years). Amongst all cases of mitral regurgitation (MR) were five (6%) myxomatous degenerative changes, three (4%) ischemic MR & Sixtyseven (91%) patients had rheumatic aetiology. Five (05) patients with myxomatous diseases required only ring annuloplasty. In patients with ischemic MR, two required chordal shortening for anterior leaflet resuspension, and one required quadrangular resection of the posterior leaflet. Restrictive annuloplasty±Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) was alsoperformed as part of the procedures. Sixty-seven (91%) patients having severe Mitral Regurgitation with rheumatic aetiology, required a myriad of procedures; including neo-chordae suspension for anterior & posterior mitral leaflets, quadrangular resection & reattachment of the posterior mitral leaflet. A novel innovative procedure, “Posterior annulus-sliding-plasty” (Nasir’s Technique) was adopted in patients with relatively fixed posterior mitral leaflet. Semi-rigid rings (Carbomedics® or Medtronic CG future®) were used in all the patients to stabilize our repair.
Results: There was no operative mortality. Patients were followed up for 01-year. Most of the patients have been found to have adequate intact Mitral Valve Repair. Only 01 patient developed Grade-II MR after 06 months (ischemic aetiology). This patient is being followed up at 06 monthly intervals with transthoracic echo and is being treated as per guideline-directed medical therapy (GMDT) for functional MR.
Conclusion: Mitral Valve Repair in the carefully selected subset of patients with severe MR, irrespective of aetiology can effectively be treated with satisfactory short-term and medium-term results.
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Alam W, Hussain SA, Ali M, Akram MA, Farooq MU, Masroor R, Khalil H, Sana A. Comparison of Two Techniques of Measuring Activated Clotting Time During Cardiac Surgery. PAFMJ 2022. [DOI: 10.51253/pafmj.v72isuppl-3.9550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To compare two techniques of activated clotting time (ACT) measurement by two different devices to evaluate the correlation and agreement between these techniques at different points of time during cardiac surgery.
Study Design: Comparative Cross-sectional Study.
Study settings: Cardiac Anesthesia Department, Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology and National Institute of Heart Diseases, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Feb 2022 to Apr 2022.
Methodology: 100 patients undergoing CABG surgery on pump were included by non-probability consecutive sampling technique. Two devices operating on different techniques of measurement were used to measure ACT at four different points of time during surgery. Same sample was used to measure ACT from both devices. Data was collected and analysed by SPSS V.20.0. Pearson's chi square test and paired sample t-test were applied to measure the significance. Linear regression analysis was done to find correlation and Bland Altman plot was used for checking agreement between ACT values from both devices.p-value less than 0.05 was considered significant.
Results: Out of 100, male patients were 79 and female patients were 21. Their mean age was 54.18±11.91 years and mean weight was 79.06±18.49 kg. Moderate positive correlation was found with Pearson r value of 0.55. There was poor agreement between the ACTs measured by two devices. On average Hem R measures ACT 63.54±50.83 seconds higher than Hem JSP. Average mean and median values for Hem R group are 400.03±59.39 sec and 397.75sec respectively and for Hem JSP group are 336.49±44.63 sec and 340.5 sec respectively.
Conclusion: There is moderate positive correlation but poor agreement between the values of ACT measured by Hem R and Hem JSP due to different techniques of measurement so these should not be used interchangeably.
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Akram MA, Naseer M, Fayaz FE, Khurshid H, Ali N, Chaudhry IA. Comparison of Amiodarone with Combined Doses of Magnesium Sulphate and Lidocaine for Prevention of Ventricular Fibrillation Following Coronary Clamp Release During Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery. PAFMJ 2022. [DOI: 10.51253/pafmj.v72isuppl-3.9554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To compare the effects of amiodarone with effects of combined doses of magnesium sulphate and lidocaine for prevention of ventricular fibrillation following coronary clamp release during (coronary artery bypass grafting) CABG.
Study Design: Comparative cross sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Army Cardiac Centre, Lahore Pakistan, from Jun 2021 to Dec 2021.
Methodology: One hundred patients who reported at Army Cardiac Centre Lahore, Pakistan for coronary artery bypass grafting surgery, were involved in comparative study. Patients satisfying the inclusion criteria were allocated into the LM(Lidocaine Magnesium) and A (Amiodarone) groups. Following aortic cross clamp release, the incidence of ventricular fibrillation (VF) and other arrhythmias was calculated in first 30 minutes and up to 24 hours later. The ionotropic agent used was epinephrine at a rate of 0.05 to 0.1 micrograms/kg/minute. Within 15 minutes of anesthetic induction and 15 minutes after the CPB pump was removed, hemodynamic parameters were assessed and recorded.
Results: Arrhythmias within 30 minutes and up to 24 hours after aortic cross clamp ACC release in A and LM group were compared. The difference between two groups, having arrhythmias and no arrhythmias was statistically insignificant (p≥0.050) except VF up to 24 hours after ACC release. The highest voltage for defibrillation was used in Group-A n=20 (40.0%) and n=27 (54.0%) in L.M group, (p=0.004). The average electrical defibrillations in group-A was less than that of group L.M,(p=0.000). While, the use of ionotropic agent was almost equal in both the groups, (p=0.975).
Conclusion: Overall, the amiodarone group had a decreased incidence of VF when the ACC was released, while the difference was not statistically significant.
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Hu W, Hou Q, Delgado-Baquerizo M, Stegen JC, Du Q, Dong L, Ji M, Sun Y, Yao S, Gong H, Xiong J, Xia R, Liu J, Aqeel M, Akram MA, Ran J, Deng J. Continental-scale niche differentiation of dominant topsoil archaea in drylands. Environ Microbiol 2022; 24:5483-5497. [PMID: 35706137 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Archaea represent a diverse group of microorganisms often associated with extreme environments. However, an integrated understanding of biogeographical patterns of the specialist Haloarchaea and the potential generalist ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) across large-scale environmental gradients remains limited. We hypothesize that niche differentiation determines their distinct distributions along environmental gradients. To test the hypothesis, we use a continental-scale research network including 173 dryland sites across northern China. Our results demonstrate that Haloarchaea and AOA dominate topsoil archaeal communities. As hypothesized, Haloarchaea and AOA show strong niche differentiation associated with two ecosystem types mainly found in China's drylands (i.e., deserts vs. grasslands), and they differ in the degree of habitat specialization. The relative abundance and richness of Haloarchaea are higher in deserts due to specialization to relatively high soil salinity and extreme climates, while those of AOA are greater in grassland soils. Our results further indicate a divergence in ecological processes underlying the segregated distributions of Haloarchaea and AOA. Haloarchaea are governed primarily by environmental-based processes while the more generalist AOA are assembled mostly via spatial-based processes. Our findings add to existing knowledge of large-scale biogeography of topsoil archaea, advancing our predictive understanding on changes in topsoil archaeal communities in a drier world. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weigang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qingqing Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Manuel Delgado-Baquerizo
- Laboratorio de Biodiversidad y Funcionamiento Ecosistemico. Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS), CSIC, Av. Reina Mercedes 10, Sevilla, Spain.,Unidad Asociada CSIC-UPO (BioFun). Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain
| | - James C Stegen
- Ecosystem Science Team, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Qiajun Du
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Longwei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Mingfei Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shuran Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Haiyang Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Junlan Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Rui Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jiayuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Aqeel
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Adnan Akram
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,School of Economics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jinzhi Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jianming Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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Akram MA, Zhang Y, Wang X, Shrestha N, Malik K, Khan I, Ma W, Sun Y, Li F, Ran J, Deng J. Phylogenetic independence in the variations in leaf functional traits among different plant life forms in an arid environment. J Plant Physiol 2022; 272:153671. [PMID: 35381492 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2022.153671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Leaf traits of global plants reveal the fundamental trade-offs in plant resource acquisition to conservation strategies. However, which leaf traits are consistent, converged, or diverged among herbs, shrubs, and subshrubs in an arid environment remains unclear. In the present study, we evaluated the trade-offs in six leaf functional traits (LFTs): leaf fresh mass (LFM), leaf dry mass (LDM), leaf dry matter content (LDMC), leaf area (LA), specific leaf area (SLA), and leaf thickness (LTh) of 37 desert plant species. LFTs differed between different plant life forms; LFM, LDM, and LA were slightly higher in herbs, LDMC and LTh in shrubs, and SLA in subshrubs. Conversely, the correlations among LFTs were inconsistent in different life forms, which may indicate their different adaptation strategies in an arid environment. Legumes and C3 plants exhibited slightly higher LDMC, LA, and SLA than non-legumes and C4 plants, whereas non-legumes and C4 plants showed higher (nonsignificant) LFM, LDM, and LTh than legumes and C3 plants. A significant phylogenetic signal (PS) and maximum K-value were found for SLA (K = 0.32). LFTs exhibited convergent and divergent variations among different life forms. However, these variations in LFTs were not influenced by phylogeny. Together, these findings increase our understanding of the variations in ecological adaptations of desert plants as well as adaption strategies of different life forms in an arid environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Adnan Akram
- School of Economics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China; State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yahui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xiaoting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Nawal Shrestha
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China; State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems and College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Kamran Malik
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Center for Grassland Microbiome, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Imran Khan
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Weijing Ma
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Ying Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Fan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Jinzhi Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Jianming Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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Malik Z, Mirza AI, Akram MA, Arshad A, Kiyani A. Mast Cells Released Inflammatory Markers Play a Vital Role in Mandibular Remodeling of Odontogenic Keratocyst Patients. Annals KEMU 2022. [DOI: 10.21649/akemu.v28i1.4991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Odontogenic Keratocyst (OKC) falls among the distinctive and rare odontogenic developmental cyst which is derivative of the dental lamina and contains clear fluid along with a cheesy material which resembles keratin debris. Treatment strategies for OKC are for the most part classified as conservative or aggressive. Mast Cells play an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory conditions. Objective: The goal of our study was to observe the participation of inflammatory mediators (RANKL, TNF-α, TGF-β and MMP-9) in the pathogenesis as well as the recovery process of OKC. Methods: Enrolled patients were divided into three groups while a fourth group was formed of the control individuals. Sampling of all groups was done once after required data collection. Blood samples were taken, mRNA extraction and cDNA was then subjected to qRT-PCR. IHC for mast cells was done on patient samples. Results: qRT-PCR showed higher expressions of inflammatory markers in patients undergoing treatment as compared to individuals with completed treatment procedure. Levels of RANKL were high in patients that were currently undergoing bone development as compared to other patients. The levels of TNF-α were comparatively higher in patients who showed visible signs of inflammation like swelling and pain. TGF-β and MMP-9 expression levels showed correlation with each other in all three groups. Both these cytokines were also found to be in association with mast cells. The results of histochemical staining of mast cells suggested the involvement of these cells in the pathogenesis of the cystic lesion via inflammation. Conclusions: The findings of the study suggest that the expressions of inflammatory mediators correlate with the presence of mast cells, therefore, application of mast cells stabilizers in addition to marsupialization in the treatment of OKC can be a prospective treatment strategy in future clinical settings.
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Naseer M, Feroze R, Akram MA, Fayaz FE. Effect of retrograde autologous priming on lactate and hemoglobin levels of adult patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. Anaesth pain intensive care 2022. [DOI: 10.35975/apic.v26i1.1761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Reduced hemoglobin, excessive transfusions and raised lactate levels are important determinants of patient outcome after cardiopulmonary bypass. Many strategies have been studied for optimum management of these parameters. In this study, we evaluated the impact of retrograde autologous priming (RAP) method on hemoglobin and lactate levels in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) on cardiopulmonary bypass.
Methodology: This prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted at Army Cardiac Centre, CMH, Lahore, from January 01, 2021 to June 30, 2021. After approval of institutional ethical committee and taking informed consent from patients, 272 patients undergoing CABG were enrolled. Patients with ages less than 18 y, LVEF ≤ 20%, emergency operations, repeat operations, valvular or combined procedures, recent myocardial infarction, with preoperative lactate levels of more than 2 mmol/L and Hb of less than 9 gm/dL and other preoperative systemic diseases or infection were excluded. Patients were divided into two groups. Group A received conventional priming of bypass circuit with ringer lactate, and Group B received RAP with patient’s own blood. Hb and lactate levels were measured in arterial blood gases before induction and upon weaning from bypass.
Results: The demographic features of both groups were identical, Group A patients had significantly high levels of lactate (3.76 ± 0.81 vs. 2.64 ± 0.47 mmol/L, P < 0.01). Hb levels of patients in RAP (RAP) (Group B) were significantly better (9 ± 0.31 vs. 7.9 ± 0.39 gm/dL, P < 0.01) than Group A.
Conclusion: Our study concludes that when compared with crystalloid priming, retrograde autologous priming technique is associated with reduced lactate levels and better hemoglobin levels after cardiopulmonary bypass in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting.
Abbreviations: CABG - Coronary artery bypass grafting; CPB - cardiopulmonary bypass; LVEF – Left ventricular ejection fraction; Hb – Hemoglobin; RAP – Retrograde autologous priming; FFP - Fresh frozen plasma;
Key words: cardiopulmonary bypass; coronary artery bypass grafting; lactate levels, retrograde autologous priming.
Citation: Naseer M, Feroze R, Akram MA, Fakhar-e-Fayaz. Effect of retrograde autologous priming on lactate and hemoglobin levels of adult patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2022;26(1):20–24
DOI: 10.35975/apic.v26i1.1761
Received: October 4, 2021, Reviewed: November 14, 2021,, Accepted: January 19, 2022
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Hu W, Ran J, Dong L, Du Q, Ji M, Yao S, Sun Y, Gong C, Hou Q, Gong H, Chen R, Lu J, Xie S, Wang Z, Huang H, Li X, Xiong J, Xia R, Wei M, Zhao D, Zhang Y, Li J, Yang H, Wang X, Deng Y, Sun Y, Li H, Zhang L, Chu Q, Li X, Aqeel M, Manan A, Akram MA, Liu X, Li R, Li F, Hou C, Liu J, He JS, An L, Bardgett RD, Schmid B, Deng J. Aridity-driven shift in biodiversity-soil multifunctionality relationships. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5350. [PMID: 34504089 PMCID: PMC8429721 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25641-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Relationships between biodiversity and multiple ecosystem functions (that is, ecosystem multifunctionality) are context-dependent. Both plant and soil microbial diversity have been reported to regulate ecosystem multifunctionality, but how their relative importance varies along environmental gradients remains poorly understood. Here, we relate plant and microbial diversity to soil multifunctionality across 130 dryland sites along a 4,000 km aridity gradient in northern China. Our results show a strong positive association between plant species richness and soil multifunctionality in less arid regions, whereas microbial diversity, in particular of fungi, is positively associated with multifunctionality in more arid regions. This shift in the relationships between plant or microbial diversity and soil multifunctionality occur at an aridity level of ∼0.8, the boundary between semiarid and arid climates, which is predicted to advance geographically ∼28% by the end of the current century. Our study highlights that biodiversity loss of plants and soil microorganisms may have especially strong consequences under low and high aridity conditions, respectively, which calls for climate-specific biodiversity conservation strategies to mitigate the effects of aridification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weigang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jinzhi Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Longwei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qiajun Du
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Mingfei Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shuran Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chunmei Gong
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Qingqing Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Haiyang Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Renfei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jingli Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shubin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Heng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaowei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Junlan Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Rui Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Maohong Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Dongmin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yahui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jinhui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Huixia Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaoting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yan Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ying Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hailing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qipeng Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xinwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Aqeel
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Abdul Manan
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Adnan Akram
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xianghan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Rui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Fan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chen Hou
- Department of Biological Science, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA
| | - Jianquan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jin-Sheng He
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lizhe An
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Richard D Bardgett
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - Bernhard Schmid
- Department of Geography, Remote Sensing Laboratories, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Jianming Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
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18
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Adnan Akram M, Liu X, Fu Z, Fan Z. Ethylene‐Butadiene Copolymerization and Ethylene‐1‐Hexene‐Butadiene Terpolymerization with a MgCl
2
‐Supported Ziegler‐Natta Catalyst: Polymer Structure and Active Centers. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202101552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Adnan Akram
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Zhisheng Fu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Zhiqiang Fan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
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19
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Akram MA, Liu X, Jiang B, Zhang B, Ali A, Fu Z, Fan Z. Effect of alkylaluminum cocatalyst on ethylene/1-hexene copolymerization and active center distribution of MgCl2-supported Ziegler-Natta catalyst. Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part A 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2021.1892495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Adnan Akram
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Baiyu Jiang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Biao Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Amjad Ali
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhisheng Fu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhiqiang Fan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Khan MT, Rehman MS, Abbas MI, Shafiq M, Akram MA, Rauf M, Gondal MA, Sharif A. Impact of Selenium-Supplemented Diets on Egg Morphometry and Quality in Four Varieties of Indigenous Aseel Chicken. Braz J Poult Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2020-1277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- MT Khan
- Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | - MS Rehman
- Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | - MI Abbas
- Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | - M Shafiq
- Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | - MA Akram
- Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | - M Rauf
- Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | - MA Gondal
- Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan; Poultry Research Institute, Pakistan
| | - A Sharif
- Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
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21
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Ali A, Liu X, Guo Y, Akram MA, Wu H, Liu W, Khan A, Jiang B, Fu Z, Fan Z. Kinetics and mechanism of ethylene and propylene polymerizations catalyzed with ansa-zirconocene activated by borate/TIBA. J Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2020.121366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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22
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Akram MA, Wang X, Hu W, Xiong J, Zhang Y, Deng Y, Ran J, Deng J. Convergent Variations in the Leaf Traits of Desert Plants. Plants (Basel) 2020; 9:E990. [PMID: 32759791 PMCID: PMC7463800 DOI: 10.3390/plants9080990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Convergence is commonly caused by environmental filtering, severe climatic conditions and local disturbance. The basic aim of the present study was to understand the pattern of leaf traits across diverse desert plant species in a common garden, in addition to determining the effect of plant life forms (PLF), such as herb, shrub and subshrub, phylogeny and soil properties on leaf traits. Six leaf traits, namely carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), δ13C and leaf water potential (LWP) of 37 dominant desert plant species were investigated and analyzed. The C, N, K and δ13C concentrations in leaves of shrubs were found higher than herbs and subshrubs; however, P and LWP levels were higher in the leaves of subshrubs following herbs and shrubs. Moreover, leaf C showed a significant positive correlation with N and a negative correlation with δ13C. Leaf N exhibited a positive correlation with P. The relationship between soil and plant macro-elements was found generally insignificant but soil C and N exhibited a significant positive correlation with leaf P. Taxonomy showed a stronger effect on leaf C, N, P and δ13C than soil properties, explaining >50% of the total variability. C3 plants showed higher leaf C, N, P, K and LWP concentration than C4 plants, whereas C4 plants had higher δ13C than C3 plants. Legumes exhibited higher leaf C, N, K and LWP than nonlegumes, while nonlegumes had higher P and δ13C concentration than legumes. In all the species, significant phylogenetic signals (PS) were detected for C and N and nonsignificant PS for the rest of the leaf traits. In addition, these phylogenetic signals were found lower (K-value < 1), and the maximum K-value was noted for C (K = 0.35). The plants of common garden evolved and adapted themselves for their survival in the arid environment and showed convergent variations in their leaf traits. However, these variations were not phylogenetics-specific. Furthermore, marks of convergence found in leaf traits of the study area were most likely due to the environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Adnan Akram
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Xiaoting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Weigang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Junlan Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Yahui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Yan Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Jinzhi Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Jianming Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
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23
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Ali A, Akram MA, Guo Y, Wu H, Liu W, Khan A, Liu X, Fu Z, Fan Z. Ethylene–propylene copolymerization and their terpolymerization with dienes using ansa-Zirconocene catalysts activated by borate/alkylaluminum. Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part A 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2019.1674667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amjad Ali
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Adnan Akram
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yintian Guo
- Sinochem Lantian Zhejiang Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haifeng Wu
- Sinochem Lantian Zhejiang Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Fluorinated Greenhouse Gases Replacement and Control Treatment, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wucan Liu
- Sinochem Lantian Zhejiang Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Fluorinated Greenhouse Gases Replacement and Control Treatment, Hangzhou, China
| | - Akbar Khan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Polymer Engineering, National Textile University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhisheng Fu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhiqiang Fan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Hussain M, Yasin S, Adnan Akram M, Xu H, Song Y, Zheng Q. Influence of Ionic Liquids on Structure and Rheological Behaviors of Silica-Filled Butadiene Rubber. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b03494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Munir Hussain
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Sohail Yasin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Muhammad Adnan Akram
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Huilong Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yihu Song
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Qiang Zheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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Zaman M, Sarfraz RM, Adnan S, Mahmood A, Hanif M, Qureshi J, Chaudhary MT, Akram MA, Bashir I. Development and in-vitro Evaluation of Once Daily Tablet Dosage Form of Loxoprofen Sodium. TROP J PHARM RES 2015. [DOI: 10.4314/tjpr.v14i9.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To formulate and characterize once daily controlled release tablet of loxoprofen sodium.Methods: Eudragit RS-100, hydroxylpropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and pectin were used as release retarding polymers. All the formulations were prepared by direct compression method. Various precompression studies were carried out to determine Hausner’s ratio, Carr’s index, angle of repose, bulk density and tapped density Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) studies and also post-compression studies to evaluate hardness, friability, weight variation, drug content, in-vitro drug release were conducted on the tablets. The drug release data were subjected to kinetic models, including zero order, first order, Hixon Crowell, Higuchi and Korsmeyer-Peppas.Results: Compressibility index (7.6 ± 1.32 - 12.5 ± 1.43%), Hausner’s ratio (1.08 ± 0.04 - 1.14 ± 0.03), angle of repose (27.78 ± 0.47 - 30.49 ± 0.46°), hardness (6.25 ± 0.27 - 7.21±0.21 kg/cm2), friability (0.14 ± 0.06 - 0.28 ± 0.0 %), weight variation (249.5 ± 2.09 - 251.35 ± 2.41 mg) and drug content (97.30 ± 0.28 - 103.70 ± 0.31 %) were within generally accepted limits for the pre-and post-compression formulations, respectively. The tablets having the maximum amount of among the three polymers tested as matrix materials, HPMC, represented by F3 tablets, exerted better sustained release properties after 12 h. Release pattern was more of Fickian diffusion followed by Higuchi mechanism.Conclusion: The release of the loxoprofen sodium was optimized up to 12 h.Keywords: Loxoprofen, Sustained release, hydroxypropyl methylcelluose, Pectin, Eudragit, Matrix tablets
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