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Xu P, Meersmann T, Wang J, Wang C. Review of oxygen-enhanced lung mri: Pulse sequences for image acquisition and T 1 measurement. Med Phys 2023; 50:5987-6007. [PMID: 37345214 DOI: 10.1002/mp.16553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxygen-enhanced MR imaging (OE-MRI) is a special proton imaging technique that can be performed without modifying the scanner hardware. Many fundamental studies have been conducted following the initial reporting of this technique in 1996, illustrating the high potential for its clinical application. This review aims to summarise and analyse current pulse sequences and T1 measurement methods for OE-MRI, including fundamental theories, existing pulse sequences applied to OE-MRI acquisition and T1 mapping. Wash-in and wash-out time identify lung function and are sensitive to ventilation; thus, dynamic OE-MRI is also discussed in this review. We compare OE-MRI with the primary competitive technique, hyperpolarised gas MRI. Finally, an overview of lower-field applications of OE-MRI is highlighted, as relatively recent publications demonstrated positive results. Lower-field OE-MRI, which is lower than 1.5 T, could be an alternative modality for detecting lung diseases. This educational review is aimed at researchers who want a quick summary of the steps needed to perform pulmonary OE-MRI with a particular focus on sequence design, settings, and quantification methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Xu
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, China
| | - Thomas Meersmann
- Sir Peter Mansfield Magnetic Imaging Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Nottingham Ningbo China Beacons of Excellence Research and Innovation Institute, Ningbo, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, China
- Nottingham Ningbo China Beacons of Excellence Research and Innovation Institute, Ningbo, China
| | - Chengbo Wang
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, China
- Nottingham Ningbo China Beacons of Excellence Research and Innovation Institute, Ningbo, China
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Using Variable Flip Angle (VFA) and Modified Look-Locker Inversion Recovery (MOLLI) T1 mapping in clinical OE-MRI. Magn Reson Imaging 2022; 89:92-99. [PMID: 35341905 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2022.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The imaging technique known as Oxygen-Enhanced MRI is under development as a noninvasive technique for imaging hypoxia in tumours and pulmonary diseases. While promising results have been shown in preclinical experiments, clinical studies have mentioned experiencing difficulties with patient motion, image registration, and the limitations of single-slice images compared to 3D volumes. As clinical studies begin to assess feasibility of using OE-MRI in patients, it is important for researchers to communicate about the practical challenges experienced when using OE-MRI on patients to help the technique advance. MATERIALS AND METHODS We report on our experience with using two types of T1 mapping (MOLLI and VFA) for a recently completed OE-MRI clinical study on oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. RESULTS We report: (1) the artefacts and practical difficulties encountered in this study; (2) the difference in estimated T1 from each method used - the VFA T1 estimation was higher than the MOLLI estimation by 27% on average; (3) the standard deviation within the tumour ROIs - there was no significant difference in the standard deviation seen within the tumour ROIs from the VFA versus MOLLI; and (4) the OE-MRI response collected from either method. Lastly, we collated the MRI acquisition details from over 45 relevant manuscripts as a convenient reference for researchers planning future studies. CONCLUSION We have reported our practical experience from an OE-MRI clinical study, with the aim that sharing this is helpful to researchers planning future studies. In this study, VFA was a more useful technique for using OE-MRI in tumours than MOLLI T1 mapping.
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Qian J, Yu X, Li B, Fei Z, Huang X, Luo P, Zhang L, Zhang Z, Lou J, Wang H. In vivo Monitoring of Oxygen Levels in Human Brain Tumor Between Fractionated Radiotherapy Using Oxygen-enhanced MR Imaging. Curr Med Imaging 2020; 16:427-432. [PMID: 32410542 DOI: 10.2174/1573405614666180925144814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 08/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It was known that the response of tumor cells to radiation is closely related to tissue oxygen level and fractionated radiotherapy allows reoxygenation of hypoxic tumor cells. Non-invasive mapping of tissue oxygen level may hold great importance in clinic. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of oxygen-enhanced MR imaging in the detection of tissue oxygen levels between fractionated radiotherapy. METHODS A cohort of 10 patients with brain metastasis was recruited. Quantitative oxygen enhanced MR imaging was performed prior to, 30 minutes and 22 hours after first fractionated radiotherapy. RESULTS The ΔR1 (the difference of longitudinal relaxivity between 100% oxygen breathing and air breathing) increased in the ipsilateral tumor site and normal tissue by 242% and 152%, respectively, 30 minutes after first fractionated radiation compared to pre-radiation levels. Significant recovery of ΔR1 in the contralateral normal tissue (p < 0.05) was observed 22 hours compared to 30 minutes after radiation levels. CONCLUSION R1-based oxygen-enhanced MR imaging may provide a sensitive endogenous marker for oxygen changes in the brain tissue between fractionated radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junchao Qian
- Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei Cancer Hospital, Hefei 230031, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Center of Medical Physics and Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Xiang Yu
- Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei Cancer Hospital, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Bingbing Li
- Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei Cancer Hospital, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Zhenle Fei
- Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei Cancer Hospital, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Xiang Huang
- Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei Cancer Hospital, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Peng Luo
- Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei Cancer Hospital, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Liwei Zhang
- Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei Cancer Hospital, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Zhiming Zhang
- Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei Cancer Hospital, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Jianjun Lou
- Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei Cancer Hospital, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Hongzhi Wang
- Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei Cancer Hospital, Hefei 230031, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Center of Medical Physics and Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
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Moosvi F, Baker JH, Yung A, Kozlowski P, Minchinton AI, Reinsberg SA. Fast and sensitive dynamic oxygen‐enhanced MRI with a cycling gas challenge and independent component analysis. Magn Reson Med 2018; 81:2514-2525. [DOI: 10.1002/mrm.27584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Firas Moosvi
- Department of Physics & Astronomy University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada
| | - Jennifer H.E. Baker
- Radiation Biology Unit British Columbia Cancer Research Centre Vancouver Canada
| | - Andrew Yung
- UBC MRI Research Centre Life Sciences Centre Vancouver Canada
| | - Piotr Kozlowski
- UBC MRI Research Centre Life Sciences Centre Vancouver Canada
- Department of Radiology University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada
| | | | - Stefan A. Reinsberg
- Department of Physics & Astronomy University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada
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Fan Q, Tang CY, Gu D, Zhu J, Li G, Wu Y, Tao X. Investigation of hypoxia conditions using oxygen-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging measurements in glioma models. Oncotarget 2018; 8:31864-31875. [PMID: 28418866 PMCID: PMC5458254 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine whether using oxygen-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (OE-MRI) to assess hypoxia is feasible and whether historical measurements, pO2 changes, and percentage of signal intensity changes (PSIC) are correlated in an animal model of glioma. A total of 25 Sprague-Dawley rats were used to establish C6 brain or subcutaneous glioma model. Nine rats with brain gliomas underwent OE-MRI followed by histopathologic analysis to assess microvessel density and hypoxia. Another 11 rats were underwent OE-MRI and were followed for a survival analysis. Time-T1-weighted MR signal intensity (SI) curves and PSIC maps were derived from the OE-MRI data. High-regions of interests (ROI-h; PSIC > 10%) and low-ROIs (ROI-l; PSIC < 10%) were defined on the PSIC maps. To validate the PSIC map for identifying tumor hypoxia, we subjected an additional 5 rats with subcutaneous glioma to OE-MRI and pO2 measurements. All tumors showed regional heterogeneity on the PSIC maps. For the brain tumors, the time-SI curves for the ROIs-h showed a greater increase in SI than those for the ROIs-l did. The percentage of tumor area with a low PSIC was significantly correlated with the percentage of hypoxia staining and necrosis (r =0.71; P<0.05). ROIs with a higher PSIC typically had more vessels (r=0.88; P<0.05). A significant difference in survival was shown (log-rank P = 0.035). The time-pO2 curves of the subcutaneous tumors were similar to the time-SI curves. PSIC was significantly correlated with pO2 changes (r =0.82; P<0.05). These findings suggest that OE-MRI measurements can be used to assess hypoxia in C6 glioma models. In these models, the PSIC value was correlated with survival, indicating that PSIC could serve as a prognostic marker for glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Fan
- Radiology Department, Shanghai People's Ninth Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheuk Ying Tang
- Radiology Department, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Di Gu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinyu Zhu
- Radiology Department, Shanghai People's Ninth Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guojun Li
- Departments of Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yingwei Wu
- Radiology Department, Shanghai People's Ninth Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaofeng Tao
- Radiology Department, Shanghai People's Ninth Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Zha W, Kruger SJ, Johnson KM, Cadman RV, Bell LC, Liu F, Hahn AD, Evans MD, Nagle SK, Fain SB. Pulmonary ventilation imaging in asthma and cystic fibrosis using oxygen-enhanced 3D radial ultrashort echo time MRI. J Magn Reson Imaging 2017; 47:1287-1297. [PMID: 29086454 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.25877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A previous study demonstrated the feasibility of using 3D radial ultrashort echo time (UTE) oxygen-enhanced MRI (UTE OE-MRI) for functional imaging of healthy human lungs. The repeatability of quantitative measures from UTE OE-MRI needs to be established prior to its application in clinical research. PURPOSE To evaluate repeatability of obstructive patterns in asthma and cystic fibrosis (CF) with UTE OE-MRI with isotropic spatial resolution and full chest coverage. STUDY TYPE Volunteer and patient repeatability. POPULATION Eighteen human subjects (five asthma, six CF, and seven normal subjects). FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE Respiratory-gated free-breathing 3D radial UTE (80 μs) sequence at 1.5T. ASSESSMENT Two 3D radial UTE volumes were acquired sequentially under normoxic and hyperoxic conditions. A subset of subjects underwent repeat acquisitions on either the same day or ≤15 days apart. Asthma and CF subjects also underwent spirometry. A workflow including deformable registration and retrospective lung density correction was used to compute 3D isotropic percent signal enhancement (PSE) maps. Median PSE (MPSE) and ventilation defect percent (VDP) of the lung were measured from the PSE map. STATISTICAL TESTS The relations between MPSE, VDP, and spirometric measures were assessed using Spearman correlations. The test-retest repeatability was evaluated using Bland-Altman analysis and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). RESULTS Ventilation measures in normal subjects (MPSE = 8.0%, VDP = 3.3%) were significantly different from those in asthma (MPSE = 6.0%, P = 0.042; VDP = 21.7%, P = 0.018) and CF group (MPSE = 4.5%, P = 0.0006; VDP = 27.2%, P = 0.002). MPSE correlated significantly with forced expiratory lung volume in 1 second percent predicted (ρ = 0.72, P = 0.017). The ICC of the test-retest VDP and MPSE were both ≥0.90. In all subject groups, an anterior/posterior gradient was observed with higher MPSE and lower VDP in the posterior compared to anterior regions (P ≤ 0.0021 for all comparisons). DATA CONCLUSION 3D radial UTE OE-MRI supports quantitative differentiation of diseased vs. healthy lungs using either whole lung VDP or MPSE with excellent test-retest repeatability. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 2 Technical Efficacy: Stage 1 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018;47:1287-1297.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zha
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Stanley J Kruger
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Kevin M Johnson
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Robert V Cadman
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Laura C Bell
- Division of Imaging Research, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Andrew D Hahn
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Michael D Evans
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Scott K Nagle
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Sean B Fain
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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Kindvall SSI, Diaz S, Svensson J, Wollmer P, Olsson LE. The change of longitudinal relaxation rate in oxygen enhanced pulmonary MRI depends on age and BMI but not diffusing capacity of carbon monoxide in healthy never-smokers. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0177670. [PMID: 28494006 PMCID: PMC5426684 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Oxygen enhanced pulmonary MRI is a promising modality for functional lung studies and has been applied to a wide range of pulmonary conditions. The purpose of this study was to characterize the oxygen enhancement effect in the lungs of healthy, never-smokers, in light of a previously established relationship between oxygen enhancement and diffusing capacity of carbon monoxide in the lung (DL,CO) in patients with lung disease. METHODS In 30 healthy never-smoking volunteers, an inversion recovery with gradient echo read-out (Snapshot-FLASH) was used to quantify the difference in longitudinal relaxation rate, while breathing air and 100% oxygen, ΔR1, at 1.5 Tesla. Measurements were performed under multiple tidal inspiration breath-holds. RESULTS In single parameter linear models, ΔR1 exhibit a significant correlation with age (p = 0.003) and BMI (p = 0.0004), but not DL,CO (p = 0.33). Stepwise linear regression of ΔR1 yields an optimized model including an age-BMI interaction term. CONCLUSION In this healthy, never-smoking cohort, age and BMI are both predictors of the change in MRI longitudinal relaxation rate when breathing oxygen. However, DL,CO does not show a significant correlation with the oxygen enhancement. This is possibly because oxygen transfer in the lung is not diffusion limited at rest in healthy individuals. This work stresses the importance of using a physiological model to understand results from oxygen enhanced MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sandra Diaz
- Medical Radiology, Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Jonas Svensson
- Medical Imaging and Physiology, Skane University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Per Wollmer
- Clinical Physiology, Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Lars E. Olsson
- Medical Radiation Physics, Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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Avni R, Golani O, Akselrod-Ballin A, Cohen Y, Biton I, Garbow JR, Neeman M. MR Imaging-derived Oxygen-Hemoglobin Dissociation Curves and Fetal-Placental Oxygen-Hemoglobin Affinities. Radiology 2016; 280:68-77. [PMID: 26780539 PMCID: PMC4942994 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2015150721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
The authors of this study present a noninvasive approach for obtaining MR imaging–based oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curves and for deriving oxygen tension values at which hemoglobin is 50% saturated and maps for the placenta and fetus in pregnant mice. Purpose To generate magnetic resonance (MR) imaging–derived, oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curves and to map fetal-placental oxygen-hemoglobin affinity in pregnant mice noninvasively by combining blood oxygen level–dependent (BOLD) T2* and oxygen-weighted T1 contrast mechanisms under different respiration challenges. Materials and Methods All procedures were approved by the Weizmann Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. Pregnant mice were analyzed with MR imaging at 9.4 T on embryonic days 14.5 (eight dams and 58 fetuses; imprinting control region ICR strain) and 17.5 (21 dams and 158 fetuses) under respiration challenges ranging from hyperoxia to hypoxia (10 levels of oxygenation, 100%–10%; total imaging time, 100 minutes). A shorter protocol with normoxia to hyperoxia was also performed (five levels of oxygenation, 20%–100%; total imaging time, 60 minutes). Fast spin-echo anatomic images were obtained, followed by sequential acquisition of three-dimensional gradient-echo T2*- and T1-weighted images. Automated registration was applied to align regions of interest of the entire placenta, fetal liver, and maternal liver. Results were compared by using a two-tailed unpaired Student t test. R1 and R2* values were derived for each tissue. MR imaging–based oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curves were constructed by nonlinear least square fitting of 1 minus the change in R2*divided by R2*at baseline as a function of R1 to a sigmoid-shaped curve. The apparent P50 (oxygen tension at which hemoglobin is 50% saturated) value was derived from the curves, calculated as the R1 scaled value (x) at which the change in R2* divided by R2*at baseline scaled (y) equals 0.5. Results The apparent P50 values were significantly lower in fetal liver than in maternal liver for both gestation stages (day 14.5: 21% ± 5 [P = .04] and day 17.5: 41% ± 7 [P < .0001]). The placenta showed a reduction of 18% ± 4 in mean apparent P50 values from day 14.5 to day 17.5 (P = .003). Reproduction of the MR imaging–based oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curves with a shorter protocol that excluded the hypoxic periods was demonstrated. Conclusion MR imaging–based oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curves and oxygen-hemoglobin affinity information were derived for pregnant mice by using 9.4-T MR imaging, which suggests a potential to overcome the need for direct sampling of fetal or maternal blood. Online supplemental material is available for this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reut Avni
- From the Departments of Biological Regulation (R.A., A.A.B., Y.C., M.N.), Biological Services (O.G.), and Veterinary Resources (I.B.), Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel; and Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Laboratory, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Mo (J.R.G.)
| | - Ofra Golani
- From the Departments of Biological Regulation (R.A., A.A.B., Y.C., M.N.), Biological Services (O.G.), and Veterinary Resources (I.B.), Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel; and Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Laboratory, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Mo (J.R.G.)
| | - Ayelet Akselrod-Ballin
- From the Departments of Biological Regulation (R.A., A.A.B., Y.C., M.N.), Biological Services (O.G.), and Veterinary Resources (I.B.), Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel; and Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Laboratory, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Mo (J.R.G.)
| | - Yonni Cohen
- From the Departments of Biological Regulation (R.A., A.A.B., Y.C., M.N.), Biological Services (O.G.), and Veterinary Resources (I.B.), Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel; and Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Laboratory, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Mo (J.R.G.)
| | - Inbal Biton
- From the Departments of Biological Regulation (R.A., A.A.B., Y.C., M.N.), Biological Services (O.G.), and Veterinary Resources (I.B.), Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel; and Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Laboratory, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Mo (J.R.G.)
| | - Joel R Garbow
- From the Departments of Biological Regulation (R.A., A.A.B., Y.C., M.N.), Biological Services (O.G.), and Veterinary Resources (I.B.), Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel; and Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Laboratory, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Mo (J.R.G.)
| | - Michal Neeman
- From the Departments of Biological Regulation (R.A., A.A.B., Y.C., M.N.), Biological Services (O.G.), and Veterinary Resources (I.B.), Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel; and Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Laboratory, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Mo (J.R.G.)
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Zhang Z, Yuan Q, Zhou H, Zhao D, Li L, Gerberich JL, Mason RP. Assessment of tumor response to oxygen challenge using quantitative diffusion MRI in an animal model. J Magn Reson Imaging 2015; 42:1450-7. [PMID: 25866057 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.24914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Revised: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess tumor response to oxygen challenge using quantitative diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MATERIALS AND METHODS A well-characterized Dunning R3327-AT1 rat prostate cancer line was implanted subcutaneously in the right thigh of male Copenhagen rats (n = 8). Diffusion-weighted images (DWI) with multiple b values (0, 25, 50, 100, 150, 200, 300, 500, 1000, 1500 s/mm(2) ) in three orthogonal directions were obtained using a multishot FSE-based Stejskal-Tanner DWI sequence (FSE-DWI) at 4.7T, while rats breathed medical air (21% oxygen) and with 100% oxygen challenge. Stretched-exponential and intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) models were used to calculate and compare quantitative diffusion parameters: diffusion heterogeneity index (α), intravoxel distribution of diffusion coefficients (DDC), tissue diffusivity (Dt), pseudo-diffusivity (Dp), and perfusion fraction (f) on a voxel-by-voxel basis. RESULTS A significant increase of α (73.9 ± 4.7% in air vs. 78.1 ± 4.5% in oxygen, P = 0.0198) and a significant decrease of f (13.4 ± 3.7% in air vs. 10.4 ± 2.7% in oxygen, P = 0.0201) were observed to accompany oxygen challenge. Correlations between f and α during both air and oxygen breathing were found; the correlation coefficients (r) were -0.90 and -0.96, respectively. Positive correlations between Dt and DDC with oxygen breathing (r = 0.95, P = 0.0003), f and DDC with air breathing were also observed (r = 0.95, P = 0.0004). CONCLUSION Quantitative diffusion MRI demonstrated changes in tumor perfusion in response to oxygen challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongwei Zhang
- Department of Radiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Qing Yuan
- Department of Radiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Heling Zhou
- Department of Radiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Dawen Zhao
- Department of Radiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Li Li
- Department of Radiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | | | - Ralph P Mason
- Department of Radiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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Zhang WJ, Niven RM, Young SS, Liu YZ, Parker GJM, Naish JH. Dynamic oxygen-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of the lung in asthma -- initial experience. Eur J Radiol 2014; 84:318-26. [PMID: 25467640 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2014.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Revised: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To prospectively estimate the feasibility and reproducibility of dynamic oxygen-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (OE-MRI) in the assessment of regional oxygen delivery, uptake and washout in asthmatic lungs. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was approved by the National Research Ethics Committee and written informed consent was obtained. Dynamic OE-MRI was performed twice at one month apart on four mild asthmatic patients (23±5 years old, FEV1=96±3% of predicted value) and six severe asthmatic patients (41±12 years old, FEV1=60±14% of predicted value) on a 1.5T MR scanner using a two-dimensional T1-weighted inversion-recovery turbo spin echo sequence. The enhancing fraction (EF), the maximal change in the partial pressure of oxygen in lung tissue (ΔPO2max_l) and arterial blood of the aorta (ΔPO2max_a), and the oxygen wash-in (τup_l, τup_a) and wash-out (τdown_l, τdown_a) time constants were extracted and compared between groups using the independent-samples t-test (two-tailed). Correlations between imaging readouts and clinical measurements were assessed by Pearson's correlation analysis. Bland-Altman analysis was used to estimate the levels of agreement between the repeat scans and the intra-observer agreement in the MR imaging readouts. RESULTS The severe asthmatic group had significantly smaller EF (70±16%) and median ΔPO2max_l (156±52mmHg) and significantly larger interquartile range of τup_l (0.84±0.26min) than the mild asthmatic group (95±3%, P=0.014; 281±40mmHg, P=0.004; 0.20±0.07min, P=0.001, respectively). EF, median ΔPO2max_l and τdown_l and the interquartile range of τup_l and τdown_l were significantly correlated with age and pulmonary function test parameters (r=-0.734 to -0.927, 0.676-0.905; P=0.001-0.045). Median ΔPO2max_l was significantly correlated with ΔPO2max_a (r=0.745, P=0.013). Imaging readouts showed good one-month reproducibility and good intra-observer agreement (mean bias between repeated scans and between two observations did not significantly deviate from zero). CONCLUSIONS Dynamic OE-MRI is feasible in asthma and sensitive to the severity of disease. The technique provides indices related to regional oxygen delivery, uptake and washout that show good one month reproducibility and intra-observer agreement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Juan Zhang
- Centre for Imaging Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK; Biomedical Imaging Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK.
| | - Robert M Niven
- North West Lung Research Centre, University Hospital of South Manchester, Southmoor Road, Manchester M23 9LT, UK.
| | - Simon S Young
- Personalised Healthcare and Biomarkers, AstraZeneca R&D, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TF, UK.
| | - Yu-Zhen Liu
- Personalised Healthcare and Biomarkers, AstraZeneca R&D, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TF, UK.
| | - Geoffrey J M Parker
- Centre for Imaging Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK; Biomedical Imaging Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK; Bioxydyn Limited, Rutherford House, Pencroft Way, Manchester M15 6SZ, UK.
| | - Josephine H Naish
- Centre for Imaging Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK; Biomedical Imaging Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK.
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11
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Linnik IV, Scott MLJ, Holliday KF, Woodhouse N, Waterton JC, O'Connor JPB, Barjat H, Liess C, Ulloa J, Young H, Dive C, Hodgkinson CL, Ward T, Roberts D, Mills SJ, Thompson G, Buonaccorsi GA, Cheung S, Jackson A, Naish JH, Parker GJM. Noninvasive tumor hypoxia measurement using magnetic resonance imaging in murine U87 glioma xenografts and in patients with glioblastoma. Magn Reson Med 2014; 71:1854-62. [PMID: 23798369 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.24826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2012] [Revised: 04/16/2013] [Accepted: 05/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE There is a clinical need for noninvasive, nonionizing imaging biomarkers of tumor hypoxia and oxygenation. We evaluated the relationship of T1 -weighted oxygen-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (OE-MRI) measurements to histopathology measurements of tumor hypoxia in a murine glioma xenograft and demonstrated technique translation in human glioblastoma multiforme. METHODS Preclinical evaluation was performed in a subcutaneous murine human glioma xenograft (U87MG). Animals underwent OE-MRI followed by dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) and histological measurement including reduced pimonidazole adducts and CD31 staining. Area under the curve (AUC) was measured for the R1 curve for OE-MRI and the gadolinium concentration curve for DCE-MRI. Clinical evaluation in five patients used analogous imaging protocols and analyses. RESULTS Changes in AUC of OE-MRI (AUCOE ) signal were regionally heterogeneous across all U87MG tumors. Tumor regions with negative AUCOE typically had low DCE-MRI perfusion, had positive correlation with hypoxic area (P = 0.029), and had negative correlation with vessel density (P = 0.004). DCE-MRI measurements did not relate to either hypoxia or vessel density in U87MG tumors. Clinical data confirmed comparable signal changes in patients with glioblastoma. CONCLUSION These data support further investigation of T1 -weighted OE-MRI to identify regional tumor hypoxia. The quantification of AUCOE has translational potential as a clinical biomarker of hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inna V Linnik
- Centre for Imaging Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; University of Manchester Biomedical Imaging Institute, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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12
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Burrell JS, Walker-Samuel S, Baker LCJ, Boult JKR, Jamin Y, Halliday J, Waterton JC, Robinson SP. Exploring ΔR(2) * and ΔR(1) as imaging biomarkers of tumor oxygenation. J Magn Reson Imaging 2013; 38:429-34. [PMID: 23293077 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.23987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2012] [Accepted: 11/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the combined use of hyperoxia-inducedΔR(2) * and ΔR(1) as a noninvasive imaging biomarker of tumor hypoxia. MATERIALS AND METHODS MRI was performed on rat GH3 prolactinomas (n = 6) and human PC3 prostate xenografts (n = 6) propagated in nude mice. multiple gradient echo and inversion recovery truefisp images were acquired from identical transverse slices to quantify tumor R(2) * and R(1)before and during carbogen (95% O2 /5% CO2 ) challenge, and correlates of ΔR(2) * and ΔR(1) assessed. RESULTS Mean baseline R(2) * and R(1) were 119 ± 7 s(-1) and 0.6 ± 0.03 s(-1) for GH3 prolactinomas and 77 ± 12 s(-1) and 0.7 ± 0.02 s(-1) for PC3 xenografts, respectively. During carbogen breathing, mean ΔR(2) * and ΔR(1) were -20 ± 8 s(-1) and 0.08 ± 0.03 s(-1) for GH3 and -0.5 ± 1 s(-1) and 0.2 ± 0.08 s(-1) for the PC3 tumors, respectively. A pronounced relationship betweenΔR(2) * and ΔR(1) was revealed. CONCLUSION Considering the blood oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve, fast R2 * suggested that GH3 prolactinomas were more hypoxic at baseline, and their carbogen response dominated by increased hemoglobin oxygenation, evidenced by highly negative ΔR(2) *. PC3 tumors were less hypoxic at baseline, and their response to carbogen dominated by increased dissolved oxygen, evidenced by highly positive ΔR(1) . Because the two biomarkers are sensitive to different oxygenation ranges, the combination of ΔR(2) * and ΔR(1) may better characterize tumor hypoxia than each alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake S Burrell
- Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
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13
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Hallac RR, Ding Y, Yuan Q, McColl RW, Lea J, Sims RD, Weatherall PT, Mason RP. Oxygenation in cervical cancer and normal uterine cervix assessed using blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) MRI at 3T. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2012; 25:1321-30. [PMID: 22619091 PMCID: PMC3445718 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.2804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2011] [Revised: 02/27/2012] [Accepted: 03/16/2012] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia is reported to be a biomarker for poor prognosis in cervical cancer. However, a practical noninvasive method is needed for the routine clinical evaluation of tumor hypoxia. This study examined the potential use of blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) contrast MRI as a noninvasive technique to assess tumor vascular oxygenation at 3T. Following Institutional Review Board-approved informed consent and in compliance with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, successful results were achieved in nine patients with locally advanced cervical cancer [International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage IIA to IVA] and three normal volunteers. In the first four patients, dynamic T₂*-weighted MRI was performed in the transaxial plane using a multi-shot echo planar imaging sequence whilst patients breathed room air followed by oxygen (15 dm³/min). Later, a multi-echo gradient echo examination was added to provide quantitative R₂* measurements. The baseline T₂*-weighted signal intensity was quite stable, but increased to various extents in tumors on initiation of oxygen breathing. The signal in normal uterus increased significantly, whereas that in the iliacus muscle did not change. R₂* responded significantly in healthy uterus, cervix and eight cervical tumors. This preliminary study demonstrates that BOLD MRI of cervical cancer at 3T is feasible. However, more patients must be evaluated and followed clinically before any prognostic value can be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rami R Hallac
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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14
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Hu L, Chen J, Yang X, Caruthers SD, Lanza GM, Wickline SA. Rapid quantification of oxygen tension in blood flow with a fluorine nanoparticle reporter and a novel blood flow-enhanced-saturation-recovery sequence. Magn Reson Med 2012; 70:176-83. [PMID: 22915328 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.24436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2012] [Revised: 07/01/2012] [Accepted: 07/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
We present a novel blood flow-enhanced-saturation-recovery (BESR) sequence, which allows rapid in vivo T1 measurement of blood for both (1)H and (19)F nuclei. BESR sequence is achieved by combining homogeneous spin preparation and time-of-flight image acquisition and therefore preserves high time efficiency and signal-to-noise ratio for (19)F imaging of circulating perfluorocarbon nanoparticles comprising a perfluoro-15-crown-5-ether core and a lipid monolayer (nominal size = 250 nm). The consistency and accuracy of the BESR sequence for measuring T1 of blood was validated experimentally. With a confirmed linear response feature of (19)F R1 with oxygen tension in both salt solution and blood sample, we demonstrated the feasibility of the BESR sequence to quantitatively determine the oxygen tension within mouse left and right ventricles under both normoxia and hyperoxia conditions. Thus, (19)F BESR MRI of circulating perfluorocarbon nanoparticles represents a new approach to noninvasively evaluate intravascular oxygen tension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingzhi Hu
- Department of Physics, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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