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Tamim-Yecheskel BC, Fraiberg M, Kokabi K, Freud S, Shatz O, Marvaldi L, Subic N, Brenner O, Tsoory M, Eilam-Altstadter R, Biton I, Savidor A, Dezorella N, Heimer G, Behrends C, Ben-Zeev B, Elazar Z. A tecpr2 knockout mouse exhibits age-dependent neuroaxonal dystrophy associated with autophagosome accumulation. Autophagy 2020; 17:3082-3095. [PMID: 33218264 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2020.1852724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the coding sequence of human TECPR2 were recently linked to spastic paraplegia type 49 (SPG49), a hereditary neurodegenerative disorder involving intellectual disability, autonomic-sensory neuropathy, chronic respiratory disease and decreased pain sensitivity. Here, we report the generation of a novel CRISPR-Cas9 tecpr2 knockout (tecpr2-/-) mouse that exhibits behavioral pathologies observed in SPG49 patients. tecpr2-/- mice develop neurodegenerative patterns in an age-dependent manner, manifested predominantly as neuroaxonal dystrophy in the gracile (GrN) and cuneate nuclei (CuN) of the medulla oblongata in the brainstem and dorsal white matter column of the spinal cord. Age-dependent correlation with accumulation of autophagosomes suggests compromised targeting to lysosome. Taken together, our findings establish the tecpr2 knockout mouse as a potential model for SPG49 and ascribe a new role to TECPR2 in macroautophagy/autophagy-related neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Milana Fraiberg
- Departments of Biomolecular Sciences, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Kamilya Kokabi
- Departments of Biomolecular Sciences, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Saskia Freud
- Departments of Biomolecular Sciences, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Oren Shatz
- Departments of Biomolecular Sciences, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Letizia Marvaldi
- Departments of Biomolecular Sciences, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Nemanja Subic
- Departments of Biomolecular Sciences, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ori Brenner
- Veterinary Recourses, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Michael Tsoory
- Veterinary Recourses, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | - Inbal Biton
- Veterinary Recourses, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Alon Savidor
- Chemical Research Support, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Nili Dezorella
- Irving and Cherna Moskowitz Center for Nano and Bio-Nano Imaging, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Gali Heimer
- Department of Pediatric Neurology Unit, Edmond and Lilly Safra Children Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Christian Behrends
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (Synergy), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Bruria Ben-Zeev
- Department of Pediatric Neurology Unit, Edmond and Lilly Safra Children Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Zvulun Elazar
- Departments of Biomolecular Sciences, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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2
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Stettner N, Rosen C, Bernshtein B, Gur-Cohen S, Frug J, Silberman A, Sarver A, Carmel-Neiderman NN, Eilam R, Biton I, Pevsner-Fischer M, Zmora N, Brandis A, Bahar Halpern K, Mazkereth R, di Bernardo D, Brunetti-Pierri N, Premkumar MH, Dank G, Nagamani SCS, Jung S, Harmelin A, Erez A. Induction of Nitric-Oxide Metabolism in Enterocytes Alleviates Colitis and Inflammation-Associated Colon Cancer. Cell Rep 2019; 23:1962-1976. [PMID: 29768197 PMCID: PMC5976577 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.04.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) plays an established role in numerous physiological and pathological processes, but the specific cellular sources of NO in disease pathogenesis remain unclear, preventing the implementation of NO-related therapy. Argininosuccinate lyase (ASL) is the only enzyme able to produce arginine, the substrate for NO generation by nitric oxide synthase (NOS) isoforms. Here, we generated cell-specific conditional ASL knockout mice in combination with genetic and chemical colitis models. We demonstrate that NO derived from enterocytes alleviates colitis by decreasing macrophage infiltration and tissue damage, whereas immune cell-derived NO is associated with macrophage activation, resulting in increased severity of inflammation. We find that induction of endogenous NO production by enterocytes with supplements that upregulate ASL expression and complement its substrates results in improved epithelial integrity and alleviation of colitis and of inflammation-associated colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noa Stettner
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel; Department of Veterinary Resources, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel; Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, Hebrew University, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Chava Rosen
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel; The Talpiot Medical Leadership Program, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Biana Bernshtein
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Shiri Gur-Cohen
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Julia Frug
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Alon Silberman
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Alona Sarver
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | - Raya Eilam
- Department of Veterinary Resources, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Inbal Biton
- Department of Veterinary Resources, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | - Niv Zmora
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Alexander Brandis
- Department of Biological Services, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Keren Bahar Halpern
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ram Mazkereth
- The Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Diego di Bernardo
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, Italy; Department of Chemical, Materials and Industrial Engineering, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Nicola Brunetti-Pierri
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, Italy; Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Muralidhar H Premkumar
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Gillian Dank
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, Hebrew University, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Sandesh C S Nagamani
- Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Steffen Jung
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Alon Harmelin
- Department of Veterinary Resources, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ayelet Erez
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
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3
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Rom A, Melamed L, Gil N, Goldrich MJ, Kadir R, Golan M, Biton I, Perry RBT, Ulitsky I. Regulation of CHD2 expression by the Chaserr long noncoding RNA gene is essential for viability. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5092. [PMID: 31704914 PMCID: PMC6841665 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13075-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 2 (Chd2) is a chromatin remodeller implicated in neurological disease. Here we show that Chaserr, a highly conserved long noncoding RNA transcribed from a region near the transcription start site of Chd2 and on the same strand, acts in concert with the CHD2 protein to maintain proper Chd2 expression levels. Loss of Chaserr in mice leads to early postnatal lethality in homozygous mice, and severe growth retardation in heterozygotes. Mechanistically, loss of Chaserr leads to substantially increased Chd2 mRNA and protein levels, which in turn lead to transcriptional interference by inhibiting promoters found downstream of highly expressed genes. We further show that Chaserr production represses Chd2 expression solely in cis, and that the phenotypic consequences of Chaserr loss are rescued when Chd2 is perturbed as well. Targeting Chaserr is thus a potential strategy for increasing CHD2 levels in haploinsufficient individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aviv Rom
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Liliya Melamed
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Noa Gil
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | - Rotem Kadir
- National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev and Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Matan Golan
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Inbal Biton
- Department of Veterinary Resources, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Rotem Ben-Tov Perry
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Igor Ulitsky
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
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4
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Wolf Y, Shemer A, Levy-Efrati L, Gross M, Kim JS, Engel A, David E, Chappell-Maor L, Grozovski J, Rotkopf R, Biton I, Eilam-Altstadter R, Jung S. Microglial MHC class II is dispensable for experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and cuprizone-induced demyelination. Eur J Immunol 2018; 48:1308-1318. [PMID: 29697861 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201847540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Microglia are resident immune cells in the CNS, strategically positioned to clear dead cells and debris, and orchestrate CNS inflammation and immune defense. In steady state, these macrophages lack MHC class II (MHCII) expression, but microglia activation can be associated with MHCII induction. Whether microglial MHCII serves antigen presentation for critical local T-cell restimulation in CNS auto-immune disorders or modulates microglial signaling output remains under debate. To probe for such scenarios, we generated mice harboring an MHCII deficiency in microglia, but not peripheral myeloid cells. Using the CX3 CR1CreER -based approach we report that microglial antigen presentation is obsolete for the establishment of EAE, with disease onset, progression, and severity unaltered in mutant mice. Antigen presentation-independent roles of microglial MHCII were explored using a demyelination model induced by the copper chelator cuprizone. Absence of microglial I-Ab did not affect the extent of these chemically induced white matter alterations, nor did it affect microglial proliferation or gene expression associated with locally restricted de- and remyelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yochai Wolf
- Departments of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Anat Shemer
- Departments of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Liron Levy-Efrati
- Departments of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Mor Gross
- Departments of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Jung-Seok Kim
- Departments of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Adrien Engel
- Departments of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Eyal David
- Departments of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | - Jonathan Grozovski
- Departments of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ron Rotkopf
- Departments of Life Science Core facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Inbal Biton
- Departments of Veterinary Resources, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | - Steffen Jung
- Departments of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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5
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Goldental-Cohen S, Burstein C, Biton I, Ben Sasson S, Sadeh A, Many Y, Doron-Faigenboim A, Zemach H, Mugira Y, Schneider D, Birger R, Meir S, Philosoph-Hadas S, Irihomovitch V, Lavee S, Avidan B, Ben-Ari G. Ethephon induced oxidative stress in the olive leaf abscission zone enables development of a selective abscission compound. BMC Plant Biol 2017; 17:87. [PMID: 28511694 PMCID: PMC5434568 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-017-1035-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Table olives (Olea europaea L.), despite their widespread production, are still harvested manually. The low efficiency of manual harvesting and the rising costs of labor have reduced the profitability of this crop. A selective abscission treatment, inducing abscission of fruits but not leaves, is crucial for the adoption of mechanical harvesting of table olives. In the present work we studied the anatomical and molecular differences between the three abscission zones (AZs) of olive fruits and leaves. RESULTS The fruit abscission zone 3 (FAZ3), located between the fruit and the pedicel, was found to be the active AZ in mature fruits and is sensitive to ethephon, whereas FAZ2, between the pedicel and the rachis, is the flower active AZ as well as functioning as the most ethephon induced fruit AZ. We found anatomical differences between the leaf AZ (LAZ) and the two FAZs. Unlike the FAZs, the LAZ is characterized by small cells with less pectin compared to neighboring cells. In an attempt to differentiate between the fruit and leaf AZs, we examined the effect of treating olive-bearing trees with ethephon, an ethylene-releasing compound, with or without antioxidants, on the detachment force (DF) of fruits and leaves 5 days after the treatment. Ethephon treatment enhanced pectinase activity and reduced DF in all the three olive AZs. A transcriptomic analysis of the three olive AZs after ethephon treatment revealed induction of several genes encoding for hormones (ethylene, auxin and ABA), as well as for several cell wall degrading enzymes. However, up-regulation of cellulase genes was found only in the LAZ. Many genes involved in oxidative stress were induced by the ethephon treatment in the LAZ alone. In addition, we found that reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediated abscission in response to ethephon only in leaves. Thus, adding antioxidants such as ascorbic acid or butyric acid to the ethephon inhibited leaf abscission but enhanced fruit abscission. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that treating olive-bearing trees with a combination of ethephon and antioxidants reduces the detachment force (DF) of fruit without weakening that of the leaves. Hence, this selective abscission treatment may be used in turn to promote mechanized harvest of olives.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Goldental-Cohen
- Institute of Plant Sciences, ARO, The Volcani Center, 7528809 Rishon LeZion, Israel
- The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
| | - C. Burstein
- Institute of Plant Sciences, ARO, The Volcani Center, 7528809 Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - I. Biton
- Institute of Plant Sciences, ARO, The Volcani Center, 7528809 Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - S. Ben Sasson
- Institute of Plant Sciences, ARO, The Volcani Center, 7528809 Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - A. Sadeh
- Institute of Plant Sciences, ARO, The Volcani Center, 7528809 Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Y. Many
- Institute of Plant Sciences, ARO, The Volcani Center, 7528809 Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - A. Doron-Faigenboim
- Institute of Plant Sciences, ARO, The Volcani Center, 7528809 Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - H. Zemach
- Institute of Plant Sciences, ARO, The Volcani Center, 7528809 Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Y. Mugira
- The Agricultural Extension Service of Israel, Bet-Dagan, Israel
| | - D. Schneider
- Migal – Galilee Technology Center, P.O. Box 831, 11016 Kiryat Shemona, Israel
| | - R. Birger
- Agriculture Valley Center, P.O. Box 73, 23100 Migdal Haemeq, Israel
| | - S. Meir
- Institute of Plant Sciences, ARO, The Volcani Center, 7528809 Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - S. Philosoph-Hadas
- Institute of Plant Sciences, ARO, The Volcani Center, 7528809 Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - V. Irihomovitch
- Institute of Plant Sciences, ARO, The Volcani Center, 7528809 Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - S. Lavee
- Institute of Plant Sciences, ARO, The Volcani Center, 7528809 Rishon LeZion, Israel
- The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
| | - B. Avidan
- Institute of Plant Sciences, ARO, The Volcani Center, 7528809 Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - G. Ben-Ari
- Institute of Plant Sciences, ARO, The Volcani Center, 7528809 Rishon LeZion, Israel
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Thaiss CA, Itav S, Rothschild D, Meijer MT, Levy M, Moresi C, Dohnalová L, Braverman S, Rozin S, Malitsky S, Dori-Bachash M, Kuperman Y, Biton I, Gertler A, Harmelin A, Shapiro H, Halpern Z, Aharoni A, Segal E, Elinav E. Persistent microbiome alterations modulate the rate of post-dieting weight regain. Nature 2016; 540:544-551. [PMID: 27906159 DOI: 10.1038/nature20796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 308] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In tackling the obesity pandemic, considerable efforts are devoted to the development of effective weight reduction strategies, yet many dieting individuals fail to maintain a long-term weight reduction, and instead undergo excessive weight regain cycles. The mechanisms driving recurrent post-dieting obesity remain largely elusive. Here we identify an intestinal microbiome signature that persists after successful dieting of obese mice and contributes to faster weight regain and metabolic aberrations upon re-exposure to obesity-promoting conditions. Faecal transfer experiments show that the accelerated weight regain phenotype can be transmitted to germ-free mice. We develop a machine-learning algorithm that enables personalized microbiome-based prediction of the extent of post-dieting weight regain. Additionally, we find that the microbiome contributes to diminished post-dieting flavonoid levels and reduced energy expenditure, and demonstrate that flavonoid-based 'post-biotic' intervention ameliorates excessive secondary weight gain. Together, our data highlight a possible microbiome contribution to accelerated post-dieting weight regain, and suggest that microbiome-targeting approaches may help to diagnose and treat this common disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph A Thaiss
- Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
| | - Shlomik Itav
- Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
| | - Daphna Rothschild
- Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel.,Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
| | - Mariska T Meijer
- Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
| | - Maayan Levy
- Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
| | - Claudia Moresi
- Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
| | - Lenka Dohnalová
- Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
| | - Sofia Braverman
- Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
| | - Shachar Rozin
- Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
| | - Sergey Malitsky
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
| | - Mally Dori-Bachash
- Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
| | - Yael Kuperman
- Department of Veterinary Resources, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
| | - Inbal Biton
- Department of Veterinary Resources, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
| | - Arieh Gertler
- The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Alon Harmelin
- Department of Veterinary Resources, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
| | - Hagit Shapiro
- Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
| | - Zamir Halpern
- Research Center for Digestive Tract and Liver Diseases, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 69978 Tel Aviv, Israel.,Digestive Center, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, 64239 Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Asaph Aharoni
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
| | - Eran Segal
- Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel.,Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
| | - Eran Elinav
- Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
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7
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Akselrod-Ballin A, Dafni H, Addadi Y, Biton I, Avni R, Brenner Y, Neeman M. Multimodal Correlative Preclinical Whole Body Imaging and Segmentation. Sci Rep 2016; 6:27940. [PMID: 27325178 PMCID: PMC4914843 DOI: 10.1038/srep27940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Segmentation of anatomical structures and particularly abdominal organs is a fundamental problem for quantitative image analysis in preclinical research. This paper presents a novel approach for whole body segmentation of small animals in a multimodal setting of MR, CT and optical imaging. The algorithm integrates multiple imaging sequences into a machine learning framework, which generates supervoxels by an efficient hierarchical agglomerative strategy and utilizes multiple SVM-kNN classifiers each constrained by a heatmap prior region to compose the segmentation. We demonstrate results showing segmentation of mice images into several structures including the heart, lungs, liver, kidneys, stomach, vena cava, bladder, tumor, and skeleton structures. Experimental validation on a large set of mice and organs, indicated that our system outperforms alternative state of the art approaches. The system proposed can be generalized to various tissues and imaging modalities to produce automatic atlas-free segmentation, thereby enabling a wide range of applications in preclinical studies of small animal imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hagit Dafni
- Department of Veterinary Resources Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100 Israel
| | - Yoseph Addadi
- Department of Biological Services Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100 Israel
| | - Inbal Biton
- Department of Veterinary Resources Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100 Israel
| | - Reut Avni
- Department of Biological Regulation Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100 Israel
| | - Yafit Brenner
- Department of Biological Regulation Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100 Israel
| | - Michal Neeman
- Department of Biological Regulation Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100 Israel
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8
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Avni R, Golani O, Akselrod-Ballin A, Cohen Y, Biton I, Garbow JR, Neeman M. MR Imaging-derived Oxygen-Hemoglobin Dissociation Curves and Fetal-Placental Oxygen-Hemoglobin Affinities. Radiology 2016; 280:68-77. [PMID: 26780539 PMCID: PMC4942994 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2015150721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
The authors of this study present a noninvasive approach for obtaining MR imaging–based oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curves and for deriving oxygen tension values at which hemoglobin is 50% saturated and maps for the placenta and fetus in pregnant mice. Purpose To generate magnetic resonance (MR) imaging–derived, oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curves and to map fetal-placental oxygen-hemoglobin affinity in pregnant mice noninvasively by combining blood oxygen level–dependent (BOLD) T2* and oxygen-weighted T1 contrast mechanisms under different respiration challenges. Materials and Methods All procedures were approved by the Weizmann Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. Pregnant mice were analyzed with MR imaging at 9.4 T on embryonic days 14.5 (eight dams and 58 fetuses; imprinting control region ICR strain) and 17.5 (21 dams and 158 fetuses) under respiration challenges ranging from hyperoxia to hypoxia (10 levels of oxygenation, 100%–10%; total imaging time, 100 minutes). A shorter protocol with normoxia to hyperoxia was also performed (five levels of oxygenation, 20%–100%; total imaging time, 60 minutes). Fast spin-echo anatomic images were obtained, followed by sequential acquisition of three-dimensional gradient-echo T2*- and T1-weighted images. Automated registration was applied to align regions of interest of the entire placenta, fetal liver, and maternal liver. Results were compared by using a two-tailed unpaired Student t test. R1 and R2* values were derived for each tissue. MR imaging–based oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curves were constructed by nonlinear least square fitting of 1 minus the change in R2*divided by R2*at baseline as a function of R1 to a sigmoid-shaped curve. The apparent P50 (oxygen tension at which hemoglobin is 50% saturated) value was derived from the curves, calculated as the R1 scaled value (x) at which the change in R2* divided by R2*at baseline scaled (y) equals 0.5. Results The apparent P50 values were significantly lower in fetal liver than in maternal liver for both gestation stages (day 14.5: 21% ± 5 [P = .04] and day 17.5: 41% ± 7 [P < .0001]). The placenta showed a reduction of 18% ± 4 in mean apparent P50 values from day 14.5 to day 17.5 (P = .003). Reproduction of the MR imaging–based oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curves with a shorter protocol that excluded the hypoxic periods was demonstrated. Conclusion MR imaging–based oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curves and oxygen-hemoglobin affinity information were derived for pregnant mice by using 9.4-T MR imaging, which suggests a potential to overcome the need for direct sampling of fetal or maternal blood. Online supplemental material is available for this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reut Avni
- From the Departments of Biological Regulation (R.A., A.A.B., Y.C., M.N.), Biological Services (O.G.), and Veterinary Resources (I.B.), Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel; and Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Laboratory, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Mo (J.R.G.)
| | - Ofra Golani
- From the Departments of Biological Regulation (R.A., A.A.B., Y.C., M.N.), Biological Services (O.G.), and Veterinary Resources (I.B.), Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel; and Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Laboratory, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Mo (J.R.G.)
| | - Ayelet Akselrod-Ballin
- From the Departments of Biological Regulation (R.A., A.A.B., Y.C., M.N.), Biological Services (O.G.), and Veterinary Resources (I.B.), Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel; and Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Laboratory, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Mo (J.R.G.)
| | - Yonni Cohen
- From the Departments of Biological Regulation (R.A., A.A.B., Y.C., M.N.), Biological Services (O.G.), and Veterinary Resources (I.B.), Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel; and Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Laboratory, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Mo (J.R.G.)
| | - Inbal Biton
- From the Departments of Biological Regulation (R.A., A.A.B., Y.C., M.N.), Biological Services (O.G.), and Veterinary Resources (I.B.), Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel; and Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Laboratory, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Mo (J.R.G.)
| | - Joel R Garbow
- From the Departments of Biological Regulation (R.A., A.A.B., Y.C., M.N.), Biological Services (O.G.), and Veterinary Resources (I.B.), Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel; and Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Laboratory, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Mo (J.R.G.)
| | - Michal Neeman
- From the Departments of Biological Regulation (R.A., A.A.B., Y.C., M.N.), Biological Services (O.G.), and Veterinary Resources (I.B.), Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel; and Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Laboratory, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Mo (J.R.G.)
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9
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Thaiss CA, Zeevi D, Levy M, Zilberman-Schapira G, Suez J, Tengeler AC, Abramson L, Katz MN, Korem T, Zmora N, Kuperman Y, Biton I, Gilad S, Harmelin A, Shapiro H, Halpern Z, Segal E, Elinav E. Transkingdom control of microbiota diurnal oscillations promotes metabolic homeostasis. Cell 2014; 159:514-29. [PMID: 25417104 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2014.09.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 787] [Impact Index Per Article: 78.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2014] [Revised: 06/27/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
All domains of life feature diverse molecular clock machineries that synchronize physiological processes to diurnal environmental fluctuations. However, no mechanisms are known to cross-regulate prokaryotic and eukaryotic circadian rhythms in multikingdom ecosystems. Here, we show that the intestinal microbiota, in both mice and humans, exhibits diurnal oscillations that are influenced by feeding rhythms, leading to time-specific compositional and functional profiles over the course of a day. Ablation of host molecular clock components or induction of jet lag leads to aberrant microbiota diurnal fluctuations and dysbiosis, driven by impaired feeding rhythmicity. Consequently, jet-lag-induced dysbiosis in both mice and humans promotes glucose intolerance and obesity that are transferrable to germ-free mice upon fecal transplantation. Together, these findings provide evidence of coordinated metaorganism diurnal rhythmicity and offer a microbiome-dependent mechanism for common metabolic disturbances in humans with aberrant circadian rhythms, such as those documented in shift workers and frequent flyers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph A Thaiss
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - David Zeevi
- Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Maayan Levy
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | | | - Jotham Suez
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Anouk C Tengeler
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Lior Abramson
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Meirav N Katz
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel; Research Center for Digestive Tract and Liver Diseases, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Tal Korem
- Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Niv Zmora
- Research Center for Digestive Tract and Liver Diseases, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel; Internal Medicine Department, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv 64239, Israel; Digestive Center, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv 64239, Israel
| | - Yael Kuperman
- Department of Veterinary Resources, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Inbal Biton
- Department of Veterinary Resources, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Shlomit Gilad
- The Nancy and Stephen Grand Israel National Center for Personalized Medicine (INCPM), Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Alon Harmelin
- Department of Veterinary Resources, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Hagit Shapiro
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Zamir Halpern
- Research Center for Digestive Tract and Liver Diseases, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel; Digestive Center, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv 64239, Israel
| | - Eran Segal
- Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Eran Elinav
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
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10
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Vandoorne K, Vandsburger MH, Raz T, Shalev M, Weisinger K, Biton I, Brumfeld V, Raanan C, Nevo N, Eilam R, Hemmings BA, Tzahor E, Harmelin A, Gepstein L, Neeman M. Chronic Akt1 Deficiency Attenuates Adverse Remodeling and Enhances Angiogenesis After Myocardial Infarction. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 2013; 6:992-1000. [DOI: 10.1161/circimaging.113.000828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katrien Vandoorne
- From the Department of Biological Regulation (K.V., M.H.V., T.R., M.S., K.W., N.N., E.T., M.N.), Department of Veterinary Resources (I.B., C.R., R.E., A.H.), and Department of Chemical Research Support (V.B.), Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel; Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands (K.V.); Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel (T.R.); Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research,
| | - Moriel H. Vandsburger
- From the Department of Biological Regulation (K.V., M.H.V., T.R., M.S., K.W., N.N., E.T., M.N.), Department of Veterinary Resources (I.B., C.R., R.E., A.H.), and Department of Chemical Research Support (V.B.), Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel; Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands (K.V.); Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel (T.R.); Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research,
| | - Tal Raz
- From the Department of Biological Regulation (K.V., M.H.V., T.R., M.S., K.W., N.N., E.T., M.N.), Department of Veterinary Resources (I.B., C.R., R.E., A.H.), and Department of Chemical Research Support (V.B.), Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel; Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands (K.V.); Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel (T.R.); Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research,
| | - Moran Shalev
- From the Department of Biological Regulation (K.V., M.H.V., T.R., M.S., K.W., N.N., E.T., M.N.), Department of Veterinary Resources (I.B., C.R., R.E., A.H.), and Department of Chemical Research Support (V.B.), Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel; Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands (K.V.); Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel (T.R.); Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research,
| | - Karen Weisinger
- From the Department of Biological Regulation (K.V., M.H.V., T.R., M.S., K.W., N.N., E.T., M.N.), Department of Veterinary Resources (I.B., C.R., R.E., A.H.), and Department of Chemical Research Support (V.B.), Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel; Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands (K.V.); Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel (T.R.); Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research,
| | - Inbal Biton
- From the Department of Biological Regulation (K.V., M.H.V., T.R., M.S., K.W., N.N., E.T., M.N.), Department of Veterinary Resources (I.B., C.R., R.E., A.H.), and Department of Chemical Research Support (V.B.), Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel; Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands (K.V.); Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel (T.R.); Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research,
| | - Vlad Brumfeld
- From the Department of Biological Regulation (K.V., M.H.V., T.R., M.S., K.W., N.N., E.T., M.N.), Department of Veterinary Resources (I.B., C.R., R.E., A.H.), and Department of Chemical Research Support (V.B.), Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel; Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands (K.V.); Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel (T.R.); Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research,
| | - Calanit Raanan
- From the Department of Biological Regulation (K.V., M.H.V., T.R., M.S., K.W., N.N., E.T., M.N.), Department of Veterinary Resources (I.B., C.R., R.E., A.H.), and Department of Chemical Research Support (V.B.), Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel; Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands (K.V.); Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel (T.R.); Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research,
| | - Nava Nevo
- From the Department of Biological Regulation (K.V., M.H.V., T.R., M.S., K.W., N.N., E.T., M.N.), Department of Veterinary Resources (I.B., C.R., R.E., A.H.), and Department of Chemical Research Support (V.B.), Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel; Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands (K.V.); Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel (T.R.); Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research,
| | - Raya Eilam
- From the Department of Biological Regulation (K.V., M.H.V., T.R., M.S., K.W., N.N., E.T., M.N.), Department of Veterinary Resources (I.B., C.R., R.E., A.H.), and Department of Chemical Research Support (V.B.), Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel; Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands (K.V.); Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel (T.R.); Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research,
| | - Brian A. Hemmings
- From the Department of Biological Regulation (K.V., M.H.V., T.R., M.S., K.W., N.N., E.T., M.N.), Department of Veterinary Resources (I.B., C.R., R.E., A.H.), and Department of Chemical Research Support (V.B.), Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel; Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands (K.V.); Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel (T.R.); Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research,
| | - Eldad Tzahor
- From the Department of Biological Regulation (K.V., M.H.V., T.R., M.S., K.W., N.N., E.T., M.N.), Department of Veterinary Resources (I.B., C.R., R.E., A.H.), and Department of Chemical Research Support (V.B.), Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel; Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands (K.V.); Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel (T.R.); Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research,
| | - Alon Harmelin
- From the Department of Biological Regulation (K.V., M.H.V., T.R., M.S., K.W., N.N., E.T., M.N.), Department of Veterinary Resources (I.B., C.R., R.E., A.H.), and Department of Chemical Research Support (V.B.), Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel; Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands (K.V.); Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel (T.R.); Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research,
| | - Lior Gepstein
- From the Department of Biological Regulation (K.V., M.H.V., T.R., M.S., K.W., N.N., E.T., M.N.), Department of Veterinary Resources (I.B., C.R., R.E., A.H.), and Department of Chemical Research Support (V.B.), Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel; Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands (K.V.); Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel (T.R.); Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research,
| | - Michal Neeman
- From the Department of Biological Regulation (K.V., M.H.V., T.R., M.S., K.W., N.N., E.T., M.N.), Department of Veterinary Resources (I.B., C.R., R.E., A.H.), and Department of Chemical Research Support (V.B.), Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel; Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands (K.V.); Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel (T.R.); Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research,
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11
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Marcus Y, Shefer G, Sasson K, Kohen F, Limor R, Pappo O, Nevo N, Biton I, Bach M, Berkutzki T, Fridkin M, Benayahu D, Shechter Y, Stern N. Angiotensin 1-7 as means to prevent the metabolic syndrome: lessons from the fructose-fed rat model. Diabetes 2013; 62:1121-30. [PMID: 23250359 PMCID: PMC3609575 DOI: 10.2337/db12-0792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
We studied the effects of chronic angiotensin 1-7 (Ang 1-7) treatment in an experimental model of the metabolic syndrome, i.e., rats given high-fructose/low-magnesium diet (HFrD). Rats were fed on HFrD for 24 weeks with and without Ang 1-7 (576 µg/kg/day, s.c., Alzet pumps). After 6 months, Ang 1-7-treated animals had lower body weight (-9.5%), total fat mass (detected by magnetic resonance imaging), and serum triglycerides (-51%), improved glucose tolerance, and better insulin sensitivity. Similar metabolic effects were also evident, albeit in the absence of weight loss, in rats first exposed to HFrD for 5 months and then subjected to short-term (4 weeks) treatment with Ang 1-7. Six months of Ang 1-7 treatment were associated with lower plasma renin activity (-40%) and serum aldosterone (-48%), less hepatosteatatitis, and a reduction in epididymal adipocyte volume. The marked attenuation of macrophage infiltration in white adipose tissue (WAT) was associated with reduced levels of the pP65 protein in the epididymal fat tissue, suggesting less activation of the nuclear factor-κB (NFκB) pathway in Ang 1-7-treated rats. WAT from Ang 1-7-treated rats showed reduced NADPH-stimulated superoxide production. In single muscle fibers (myofibers) harvested and grown ex vivo for 10 days, myofibers from HFrD rats gave rise to 20% less myogenic cells than the Ang 1-7-treated rats. Fully developed adipocytes were present in most HFrD myofiber cultures but entirely absent in cultures from Ang 1-7-treated rats. In summary, Ang 1-7 had an ameliorating effect on insulin resistance, hypertriglyceridemia, fatty liver, obesity, adipositis, and myogenic and adipogenic differentiation in muscle tissue in the HFrD rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonit Marcus
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Hypertension, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Gabi Shefer
- Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Hypertension, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Keren Sasson
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Fortune Kohen
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Rona Limor
- Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Hypertension, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Orit Pappo
- Department of Pathology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Nava Nevo
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Inbal Biton
- Department of Veterinary Resources, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Michal Bach
- Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Hypertension, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Tamara Berkutzki
- Department of Veterinary Resources, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Matityahu Fridkin
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Dafna Benayahu
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yoram Shechter
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Naftali Stern
- Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Hypertension, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Corresponding author: Naftali Stern,
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12
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Vitner EB, Farfel-Becker T, Eilam R, Biton I, Futerman AH. Contribution of brain inflammation to neuronal cell death in neuronopathic forms of Gaucher's disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 135:1724-35. [PMID: 22566609 DOI: 10.1093/brain/aws095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Gaucher's disease, the most common lysosomal storage disorder, is caused by the defective activity of glucocerebrosidase, the lysosomal hydrolase that degrades glucosylceramide. The neuronopathic forms of Gaucher's disease are characterized by severe neuronal loss, astrocytosis and microglial proliferation, but the cellular and molecular pathways causing these changes are not known. In the current study, we delineate the role of neuroinflammation in the pathogenesis of neuronopathic Gaucher's disease and show significant changes in levels of inflammatory mediators in the brain of a neuronopathic Gaucher's disease mouse model. Levels of messenger RNA expression of interleukin -1β, tumour necrosis factor-α, tumour necrosis factor-α receptor, macrophage colony-stimulating factor and transforming growth factor-β were elevated by up to ∼30-fold, with the time-course of the increase correlating with the progression of disease severity. The most significant elevation was detected for the chemokines CCL2, CCL3 and CCL5. Blood-brain barrier disruption was also evident in mice with neuronopathic Gaucher's disease. Finally, extensive elevation of nitrotyrosine, a hallmark of peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)) formation, was observed, consistent with oxidative damage caused by macrophage/microglia activation. Together, our results suggest a cytotoxic role for activated microglia in neuronopathic Gaucher's disease. We suggest that once a critical threshold of glucosylceramide storage is reached in neurons, a signalling cascade is triggered that activates microglia, which in turn releases inflammatory cytokines that amplify the inflammatory response, contributing to neuronal death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Einat B Vitner
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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13
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Amiel A, Biton I, Yukla M, Gaber E, Fejgin MD, Lishner M. The effect of chlorambucil treatment on cytogenetic parameters in chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 2003; 143:113-9. [PMID: 12781444 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-4608(02)00852-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The most common treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the alkylating agent chlorambucil (CLB), with or without prednisone. In the present study, our aim was to evaluate whether treatment with CLB for more than one year induced genetic changes manifested by comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) as new chromosomal aberrations. We also studied whether CLB affected the pattern of replication by using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). We found a similar rate of asynchronous pattern of replication in both treated and untreated patients with CLL. Most of the aberrations found with CGH were previously reported in CLL. More prognostically unfavorable aberrations and more cases with genetic changes were found in the treated group. The changes found were not typical of the secondary genetic aberrations associated with alkylating agents. Thus, we conclude that treatment of CLL with CLB for at least a year does not affect the parameters analyzed in this study. Longer studies are needed to further explore the effects of alkylating agents on normal and malignant cells.
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MESH Headings
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating/therapeutic use
- Chlorambucil/pharmacology
- Chlorambucil/therapeutic use
- Chromosome Aberrations/drug effects
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 12/genetics
- DNA Replication/drug effects
- Female
- Humans
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/genetics
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Nucleic Acid Hybridization
- Time Factors
- Trisomy/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- A Amiel
- Genetic Institute, Meir Hospital, Kfar-Saba, Israel.
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