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Chau MJ, Quintero JE, Monje PV, Voss SR, Welleford AS, Gerhardt GA, van Horne CG. Using a Transection Paradigm to Enhance the Repair Mechanisms of an Investigational Human Cell Therapy. Cell Transplant 2022; 31:9636897221123515. [PMID: 36169034 PMCID: PMC9523845 DOI: 10.1177/09636897221123515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
One promising strategy in cell therapies for Parkinson's disease (PD) is to harness a patient's own cells to provide neuroprotection in areas of the brain affected by neurodegeneration. No treatment exists to replace cells in the brain. Thus, our goal has been to support sick neurons and slow neurodegeneration by transplanting living repair tissue from the peripheral nervous system into the substantia nigra of those with PD. Our group has pioneered the transplantation of transection-activated sural nerve fascicles into the brain of human subjects with PD. Our experience in sural nerve transplantation has supported the safety and feasibility of this approach. As part of a paradigm to assess the reparative properties of human sural nerve following a transection injury, we collected nerve tissue approximately 2 weeks after sural nerve transection for immunoassays from 15 participants, and collected samples from two additional participants for single nuclei RNA sequencing. We quantified the expression of key neuroprotective and select anti-apoptotic genes along with their corresponding protein levels using immunoassays. The single nuclei data clustered into 10 distinctive groups defined on the basis of previously published cell type-specific genes. Transection-induced reparative peripheral nerve tissue showed RNA expression of neuroprotective factors and anti-apoptotic factors across multiple cell types after nerve injury induction. Key proteins of interest (BDNF, GDNF, beta-NGF, PDGFB, and VEGF) were upregulated in reparative tissue. These results provide insight on this repair tissue's utility as a neuroprotective cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica J. Chau
- Brain Restoration Center, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Jorge E. Quintero
- Brain Restoration Center, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Paula V. Monje
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Department of Neurological Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Stephen Randal Voss
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Andrew S. Welleford
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Greg A. Gerhardt
- Brain Restoration Center, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Craig G. van Horne
- Brain Restoration Center, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
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Sakamuri S, Wilson TJ. Allograft Nerve Repair Reduces Postoperative Neuropathic Pain Following Nerve Biopsy. Neurosurgery 2020; 87:E638-E645. [DOI: 10.1093/neuros/nyaa250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Abstract
Pathologic study of a disease provides insights into the precise mechanisms and targets of damage and may provide insights into new therapies. The main targets in diabetic neuropathy are myelinated and unmyelinated fibers as dysfunction and damage to them explains the symptoms of painful neuropathy and the major end points of foot ulceration and amputation as well as mortality. Demyelination and axonal degeneration are established hallmarks of the pathology of human diabetic neuropathy and were derived from pioneering light and electronmicroscopic studies of sural nerve biopsies in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Additional abnormalities, which are relevant to the pathogenesis of human diabetic neuropathy, include pathology of the microvessels and extracellular space. Intraepidermal and sudomotor nerve quantification in skin biopsies provides a minimally invasive means for the detection of early nerve damage. Studies of muscle biopsies are limited and show significant alterations in the expression of neurotrophins, but limited changes in muscle fiber size and capillary density.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Malik
- Centre for Endocrinology and Diabetes, Institute of Human Development, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar, Doha, Qatar.
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Heel sensation-sparing sural nerve harvest. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2013; 66:e207-8. [PMID: 23490982 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2013.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2012] [Revised: 01/22/2013] [Accepted: 01/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Jani-Acsadi A, Lewis RA. Evaluation of a patient with suspected chronic demyelinating polyneuropathy. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2013; 115:253-64. [PMID: 23931785 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-52902-2.00015-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Agnes Jani-Acsadi
- Department of Neurology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
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