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Xing C, Trivedi J, Bitencourt N, Burns DK, Reisch JS, Cai C. Myxovirus resistance protein A (MxA) expression in myositides: Sarcoplasmic expression is common in both dermatomyositis and lupus myositis. Muscle Nerve 2024; 69:548-555. [PMID: 38372203 DOI: 10.1002/mus.28066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION/AIMS Myxovirus resistance protein A (MxA) is a type I interferon (IFN1) pathway activation marker and MxA sarcoplasmic expression is currently recognized as a highly specific marker for dermatomyositis (DM). However, we have frequently observed endothelial tubuloreticular inclusions (TRI), another surrogate IFN1 activation marker, in a variety of overlap myositides. The aim of this study was to examine MxA expression in those myositides. METHODS We retrospectively performed MxA immunostaining on a wide range of myositides. RESULTS MxA sarcoplasmic expression was present in DM (94.4%, 17/18), active lupus myositis (LM, 80%,16/20), inactive LM (36%, 4/11), antisynthetase syndrome (ASyS, 20%, 2/10), systemic sclerosis (13%, 2/15), Sjogren's syndrome (7.7%, 1/13), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) myositis (5.6%, 1/18) and was absent in immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy (IMNM, 0/16) and hydroxychloroquine myopathy (0/5). The sensitivity and specificity of MxA sarcoplasmic expression for LM and DM combined compared with all other myositides were 84.6% (95% CI: 69.5-94.1) and 92.1 (95% CI: 83.6-97.0), respectively, and superior to TRIs. MxA capillary expression was nonspecific. Histologically, 35% of LM cases demonstrated a unique panfascicular necrotizing myopathy pattern. The remainder of the LM cases had significant morphological overlap with DM/ASyS (20%), IMNM (20%), or polymyositis (15%). DISCUSSION MxA sarcoplasmic expression is highly prevalent in LM and DM and is a useful marker in differentiating DM and LM from other myositides. LM can manifest in various pathology patterns that need to be differentiated from DM, IMNM, ASyS, and polymyositis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhong Xing
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Jaya Trivedi
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Nicole Bitencourt
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Dennis K Burns
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Joan S Reisch
- Peter O'Donnell Jr. School of Public Health, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Chunyu Cai
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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Zhang QJ, Lin J, Wang YL, Chen L, Ding Y, Zheng FZ, Song HH, Lv AW, Li YY, Guo QF, Lin MT, Hu W, Xu LQ, Zhao WL, Fang L, Cui MC, Fu ZF, Chen WJ, Zhang J, Wang ZQ, Wang N, Fu Y. Detection of pTDP-43 via routine muscle biopsy: A promising diagnostic biomarker for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Brain Pathol 2024:e13261. [PMID: 38602336 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.13261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease, pathologically characterized by TDP-43 aggregates. Recent evidence has been indicated that phosphorylated TDP-43 (pTDP-43) is present not only in motor neurons but also in muscle tissues. However, it is unclear whether testing pTDP-43 aggregation in muscle tissue would assist in the diagnosis of ALS. We propose three key questions: (i) Is aggregation of pTDP-43 detectable in routine biopsied muscles? (ii) Can detection of pTDP-43 aggregation discriminate between ALS and non-ALS patients? (iii) Can pTDP-43 aggregation be observed in the early stages of ALS? We conducted a diagnostic study comprising 2 groups: an ALS group in which 18 cases underwent muscle biopsy screened from a registered ALS cohort consisting of 802 patients and a non-ALS control group, in which we randomly selected 54 muscle samples from a biospecimen bank of 684 patients. Among the 18 ALS patients, 3 patients carried pathological GGGGCC repeats in the C9ORF72 gene, 2 patients carried SOD1 mutations, and 7 patients were at an early stage with only one body region clinically affected. The pTDP-43 accumulation could be detected in routine biopsied muscles, including biceps brachii, deltoid, tibialis anterior, and quadriceps. Abnormal aggregation of pTDP-43 was present in 94.4% of ALS patients (17/18) compared to 29.6% of non-ALS controls (16/54; p < 0.001). The pTDP-43 aggregates were mainly close to the sarcolemma. Using a semi-quantified pTDP-43 aggregates score, we applied a cut-off value of 3 as a diagnostic biomarker, resulting in a sensitivity of 94.4% and a specificity of 83.3%. Moreover, we observed that accumulation of pTDP-43 occurred in muscle tissues prior to clinical symptoms and electromyographic lesions. Our study provides proof-of-concept for the detection of pTDP-43 accumulation via routine muscle biopsy which may serve as a novel biomarker for diagnosis of ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Jie Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jie Lin
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - You-Liang Wang
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Long Chen
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ying Ding
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Fu-Ze Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Huan-Huan Song
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ao-Wei Lv
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yu-Ying Li
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Qi-Fu Guo
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Min-Ting Lin
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Liu-Qing Xu
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wen-Long Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ling Fang
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Meng-Chao Cui
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Fei Fu
- Public Technology Service Center, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wan-Jin Chen
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- National Human Brain Bank for Health and Disease, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Wang
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ying Fu
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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Hamaguchi T, Nishino I, Hirano Y, Uchida N, Fujita-Nakata M, Nakanishi M, Sakai T, Asahina M. Sporadic Late-onset Nemaline Myopathy Associated with Sjögren's Syndrome: A Case Report. Intern Med 2024:3092-23. [PMID: 38432961 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.3092-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
We report the case of a 46-year-old female patient who developed a subacute progression of axial and proximal muscle weakness. Laboratory findings revealed mildly elevated serum creatine kinase levels. No monoclonal gammopathy was detected. A muscle biopsy revealed that she had nemaline myopathy. Serological tests and a lip biopsy revealed Sjögren's syndrome (SjS). We diagnosed her as having sporadic late-onset nemaline myopathy without monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance associated with SjS. Her symptoms improved after methylprednisolone pulse therapy followed by intravenous immunoglobulin therapy. A good response to immunotherapy demonstrates the necessity of making a correct diagnosis, for which a muscle biopsy is required.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ichizo Nishino
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Japan
| | - Yasuki Hirano
- Department of Neurology, Kanazawa Medical University, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Uchida
- Department of Neurology, Kanazawa Medical University, Japan
| | | | | | - Tomoyuki Sakai
- Department of Hematology and Immunology, Kanazawa Medical University, Japan
| | - Masato Asahina
- Department of Neurology, Kanazawa Medical University, Japan
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Shimoyama T, Yoshida K, Muro Y, Ito H, Matsushita T, Oto Y, Ukichi T, Noda K, Kurosaka D. Magnetic Resonance Imaging Patterns Revealing Muscle Pathology and Clinical Features in Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2024:keae125. [PMID: 38410065 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keae125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) are autoimmune disorders significantly impacting skeletal muscles; however, the precise correlation between muscle magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, muscle pathology, disease subtypes, and clinical characteristics remains uncertain. Thus, we investigated the association of muscle MRI findings in IIMs with muscle pathology and clinical features. METHODS New-onset IIM patients underwent proximal upper and/or lower limb muscle MRI. Patterns of muscle oedema on MRI were categorised into fascial, honeycomb, peripheral, foggy, dense, or coarse dot patterns and compared with inflammatory cell infiltration sites in corresponding muscle biopsies. The incidence of MRI patterns was examined in patient subgroups using myositis-specific antibodies (MSAs) and 2017 EULAR/ACR classification criteria. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to determine the odds ratios (ORs) of MRI findings for clinical characteristics. RESULTS Fifty-six of 85 patients underwent muscle biopsy. Foggy, honeycomb, and fascial patterns at biopsy sites correlated with inflammatory cell infiltration in the endomysium (OR 11.9, p= 0.005), perimysium (OR 6.0, p= 0.014), and fascia (OR 16.9, p< 0.001), respectively. Honeycomb and foggy patterns were characteristic of patients with anti-TIF1γ or anti-Mi2 antibodies and MSA-negative dermatomyositis, and those with anti-SRP or anti-HMGCR antibodies and MSA-negative polymyositis (PM), respectively. The honeycomb pattern positively correlated with malignancy (OR 6.87, p< 0.001) and Gottron sign (OR 8.05, p= 0.002); the foggy pattern correlated with muscle weakness (OR 11.24, p= 0.005). The dense dot pattern was associated with dysphagia (OR 6.27, p= 0.006) and malignancy (OR 8.49, p= 0.002). CONCLUSION Muscle MRI holds promise in predicting muscle pathology, disease subtypes, and clinical manifestations of IIMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Shimoyama
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Yoshinao Muro
- Department of Dermatology, Nagoya University, Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - Haruyasu Ito
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takayuki Matsushita
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yohsuke Oto
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Kashiwa Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Taro Ukichi
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Kashiwa Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kentaro Noda
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daitaro Kurosaka
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Du H, Chen Y, Zeng L, Wu R, Wu T, Zhu J. Myofibrillar myopathies due to a novel mutation in exon 8 of the LDB3 gene. Int J Rheum Dis 2024; 27:e15036. [PMID: 38333999 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.15036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Myofibrillar myopathies (MFMs) are a group of genetically heterogeneous diseases affecting the skeletal and cardiac muscles. Myofibrillar myopathies are characterized by focal lysis of myogenic fibers and integration of degraded myogenic fiber products into inclusion bodies, which are typically rich in desmin and many other proteins. Herein, we report a case of a 54-year-old woman who experienced bilateral thigh weakness for over three years. She was diagnosed with MFMs based on muscle biopsy findings and the presence of a novel mutation in exon 8 of the LDB3 gene. Myofibrillar myopathies caused by a mutation in the LDB3 gene are extremely uncommon and often lack distinct clinical characteristics and typically exhibit a slow disease progression. When considering a diagnosis of MFMs, particularly in complex instances of autosomal dominant myopathies where muscle biopsies do not clearly indicate MFMs, it becomes crucial for clinicians to utilize genetic test as a diagnostic tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjia Du
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Department of Fifth Internal Medicine, Chengdu Pidu District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Zeng
- Department of Neurology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Rui Wu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Tong Wu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Zhu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
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Feng Z, Lai R, Wei J, Liu X, Chen X, Liu Y, Qin W, Qin X, Kong F. Have one's view of the important overshadowed by the trivial: chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia combined with unilateral facial nerve injury: a case report and literature review. Front Neurol 2024; 14:1268053. [PMID: 38249737 PMCID: PMC10797034 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1268053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia (CPEO) is a mitochondrial encephalomyopathy that is characterized by progressive ptosis and impaired ocular motility. Owing to its nonspecific clinical manifestations, CPEO is often misdiagnosed as other conditions. Herein, we present the case of a 34-year-old woman who primarily presented with incomplete left eyelid closure and limited bilateral eye movements. During the 6-year disease course, she was diagnosed with myasthenia gravis and cranial polyneuritis. Finally, skeletal muscle tissue biopsy confirmed the diagnosis. Biopsy revealed pathological changes in mitochondrial myopathy. Furthermore, mitochondrial gene testing of the skeletal muscle revealed a single chrmM:8469-13447 deletion. In addition, we summarized the findings of 26 patients with CPEO/Kearns-Sayre syndrome who were misdiagnosed with other diseases owing to ocular symptoms. In conclusion, we reported a rare clinical case and emphasized the symptomatic diversity of CPEO. Furthermore, we provided a brief review of the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyang Feng
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Rui Lai
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jia Wei
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Encephalopathy and Psychology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xuan Liu
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Encephalopathy and Psychology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xueqin Chen
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Encephalopathy and Psychology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yangsicheng Liu
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wenxin Qin
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiude Qin
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Encephalopathy and Psychology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fanxin Kong
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Encephalopathy and Psychology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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Finsterer J, Scorza FA. Exercise intolerance in post-COVID syndrome cannot only be due to skeletal muscle impairment. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2023; 135:1384-1385. [PMID: 38051269 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00734.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Josef Finsterer
- Neurology Department, Neurology & Neurophysiology Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Fulvio Alexandre Scorza
- Disciplina de Neurociência, Universidade Federal de São Paulo/Escola Paulista de Medicinal (UNIFESP/EPM), São Paulo, Brazil
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Mavroudis I, Petridis F, Kazis D. Inclusion body myositis. Genetics, biomarkers and muscle biopsy. Int J Neurosci 2023; 133:1211-1217. [PMID: 32364415 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2020.1763340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Sporadic inclusion body myositis is the most common idiopathic inflammatory myopathy over the age of 50, with a male-to-female ratio of 3:1. Symptoms onset before age of 60 occurs in 18-20% of patients, with a delay in diagnosis of 5 to 8 years.The classic clinical presentation of SIBM consists of proximal leg and distal arm weakness, and most commonly patients present early slowly progressive quadriceps weakness which leads to falls and to difficulties in climbing stairs, while less common the initial complaints refer to finger flexor weakness and atrophy, foot drop, or dysphagia, and rare presentations include prominent forearm weakness, sparing the quadriceps. The aetiopathogenesis of the disease remains unclear and despite some preliminary promising results, to the day there is no effective treatment.The diagnosis of SIBM is based on the clinical presentation and the histopathological findings in muscle biopsy, however increasing evidence on genetics and paraclinical biomarkers has recently come to light giving new insights on the pathogenesis, the diagnosis and the potential treatment of the disease. In the present study we aim to review the histopathological findings, genetics and blood biomarkers, and to review the role of muscle biopsy in the diagnosis of SIBM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Foivos Petridis
- Third Department of Neurology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Kazis
- Third Department of Neurology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Waisayarat J, Wongsuwan P, Tuntiseranee K, Waisayarat P, Dejthevaporn C, Khongkhatithum C, Soponkanaporn S. Sarcoplasmic Myxovirus Resistance Protein A: A Study of Expression in Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathy. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:5417-5426. [PMID: 38026261 PMCID: PMC10676103 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s433239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) are a heterogeneous group of autoimmune diseases affecting primarily proximal muscles. Major subtypes include dermatomyositis, polymyositis, inclusion body myositis, immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy and antisynthetase syndrome. Overexpression of sarcoplasmic myxovirus-resistance protein A (MxA) has been observed in muscle biopsy specimens of dermatomyositis but is rarely seen in other subtypes of IIM and other myopathies. Objective We evaluate the expression of sarcoplasmic MxA and its diagnostic value in IIM and other myopathies. Methods One hundred and thirty-eight muscle biopsy specimens with the diagnosis of IIM and other myopathies from 2011 to 2020 were reviewed and stained for MxA by immunohistochemistry. The difference of the expression of MxA between IIM and other myopathies was analyzed by Fisher's exact test, and the sensitivity and specificity of MxA immunohistochemistry in the diagnosis of IIM were assessed. Results MxA protein was positive in 16/138 (11.6%) specimens. All 12 dermatomyositis specimens positive for MxA protein were positive in perifascicular area pattern. Only dermatomyositis specimens had a significantly higher percentage of positive sarcoplasmic MxA expression than specimens of other subtypes of IIM (p<0.001). Sarcoplasmic MxA expression for dermatomyositis diagnosis had a sensitivity of 46.15% (95% CI 26.59-66.63%) and a specificity of 94.44% (95% CI 81.34-99.32%) with the positive and negative likelihood ratio of 8.31 (95% CI 2.03-34.01) and 0.57 (95% CI 0.40-0.82), respectively. Conclusion The MxA immunohistochemistry is highly specific for dermatomyositis and should be added to a routine inflammatory panel of muscle biopsy. MxA expression should be cautiously interpreted to avoid pitfalls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jariya Waisayarat
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Phumin Wongsuwan
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Phu Waisayarat
- Faculty of Medicine, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Charungthai Dejthevaporn
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chaiyos Khongkhatithum
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sirisucha Soponkanaporn
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Coutinho A, Fonseca N, Novo I, Faria L, Iglesias V. Corticosteroid-Induced Myopathy. Cureus 2023; 15:e49548. [PMID: 38156153 PMCID: PMC10753519 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.49548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Corticosteroid-induced myopathy is the most common drug-induced myopathy and could appear during the treatment of diseases where corticosteroids are the mainstay of treatment. We present a clinical case of a patient treated with corticosteroids who presented with proximal muscle weakness, myalgias, marked elevation of muscle enzymes, and acute kidney injury due to rhabdomyolysis. The definitive diagnosis was only possible through a muscle biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia Coutinho
- Internal Medicine, Centro Hospitalar do Médio Ave, Santo Tirso, PRT
| | - Núria Fonseca
- Internal Medicine, Centro Hospitalar do Médio Ave, Santo Tirso, PRT
| | - Isabel Novo
- Internal Medicine, Centro Hospitalar do Médio Ave, Santo Tirso, PRT
| | - Luciana Faria
- Internal Medicine, Centro Hospitalar do Médio Ave, Santo Tirso, PRT
| | - Violeta Iglesias
- Internal Medicine, Centro Hospitalar do Médio Ave, Santo Tirso, PRT
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11
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Menon D, Nair SS, Radhakrishnan N, Saraf UU, Nair M. Clinical Spectrum of Biopsy Proven Mitochondrial Myopathy. Neurol India 2023; 71:1192-1196. [PMID: 38174457 DOI: 10.4103/0028-3886.391399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Objectives Clinical spectrum of mitochondrial myopathy extends beyond chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia (CPEO). While information on encephalomyopathies is abundant, clinical data on predominant myopathic presentation of mitochondrial disorders are lacking. Materials and Methods Clinical, electrophysiological, biochemical, and follow-up data of patients with predominant myopathic presentation and muscle biopsy confirmed primary mitochondrial myopathy was obtained. We excluded known syndromes of mitochondrial cytopathies and encephalomyopathies. Results Among 16 patients, 7 had CPEO, 4 had CPEO with limb-girdle muscle weakness (LGMW), and 5 had isolated LGMW. Systemic features included seizures with photosensitivity (n = 3), diabetes (n = 1), cardiomyopathy (n = 1), and sensorineural hearing loss (n = 1) and were more common in isolated LGMW. Elevated serum creatine kinase (CK) and lactate levels and electromyography (EMG) myopathic potentials were more frequent with LGMW. During follow-up, LGMW had more severe progression of weakness. Conclusion We identified three subsets of mitochondrial myopathy with distinct clinical features and evolutionary patterns. Isolated LGMW was seen in 30% of patients and would represent severe end of the spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Menon
- Department of Neurology, SCTIMST, Trivandrum, Kerala, India
| | - Sruthi S Nair
- Department of Neurology, SCTIMST, Trivandrum, Kerala, India
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Miyashita K, Ii Y, Matsuyama H, Niwa A, Kawana Y, Shibata S, Minami N, Nishino I, Tomimoto H. Sporadic Myotonic Dystrophy Type 2 in a Japanese Patient. Intern Med 2023; 62:3027-3031. [PMID: 36792202 PMCID: PMC10641181 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.0425-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
We herein report a Japanese patient with myotonic dystrophy type 2 (DM2), which is rare in Japan. A 64-year-oldman had proximal muscle weakness and grip myotonia. Electromyography showed myotonic discharges, but dystrophia-myotonica protein kinase (DMPK) was negative for CTG repeats. A muscle biopsy revealed increased central nuclei, pyknotic nuclear clumps and muscle fiber atrophy, mainly in type 2 fibers, raising the possibility of DM2. The diagnosis was genetically confirmed by the abnormal CCTG repeat size in cellular nucleic acid-binding protein (CNBP) on repeat-primed polymerase chain reaction, which was estimated to be around 4,500 repeats by Southern blotting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Miyashita
- Department of Neurology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Ii
- Department of Neurology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Matsuyama
- Department of Neurology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Atsushi Niwa
- Department of Neurology, National Mie Hospital, Japan
| | - Yosuke Kawana
- Department of Neurology, Saiseikai Matsusaka General Hospital, Japan
| | - Soshi Shibata
- Department of Neurology, Suzuka Chuo General Hospital, Japan
| | - Narihiro Minami
- Department of Genome Medicine Development, Medical Genome Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Japan
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Japan
| | - Ichizo Nishino
- Department of Genome Medicine Development, Medical Genome Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Japan
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Tomimoto
- Department of Neurology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
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13
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Knowles KS, Parsowith EJ, Beausejour JP, Pagan JI, Hart JN. The non-invasive assessment of muscle fibre size: has the future arrived? J Physiol 2023; 601:3701-3702. [PMID: 37477293 DOI: 10.1113/jp285106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kevan S Knowles
- Neuromuscular Plasticity Laboratory, Institute of Exercise Physiology and Rehabilitation Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Emily J Parsowith
- Neuromuscular Plasticity Laboratory, Institute of Exercise Physiology and Rehabilitation Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Jonathan P Beausejour
- Neuromuscular Plasticity Laboratory, Institute of Exercise Physiology and Rehabilitation Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Jason I Pagan
- Neuromuscular Plasticity Laboratory, Institute of Exercise Physiology and Rehabilitation Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Jordan N Hart
- Neuromuscular Plasticity Laboratory, Institute of Exercise Physiology and Rehabilitation Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
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Milisenda JC, Pinal-Fernandez I, Lloyd TE, Grau-Junyent JM, Christopher-Stine L, Corse AM, Mammen AL. The pattern of MHC class I expression in muscle biopsies from patients with myositis and other neuromuscular disorders. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2023; 62:3156-3160. [PMID: 36707996 PMCID: PMC10473215 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kead052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Diagnostic muscle biopsies are routinely immunostained for major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) protein. In this study we analysed the prevalence and patterns of MHC-I immunostaining in biopsies from patients with different types of myopathies and neurogenic disorders. METHODS All 357 diagnostic muscle biopsies processed at the Johns Hopkins Neuromuscular Pathology Laboratory from August 2013 to January 2017 were immunostained for MHC-I. The prevalence and patterns of MHC-I immunostaining were compared between patients with histologically normal muscle biopsies (n = 31), idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs; n = 170), non-inflammatory myopathies (n = 60) and neurogenic disorders (n = 96). RESULTS MHC-I immunostaining was abnormal in most patients with DM (98%), sporadic IBM (sIBM; 100%), immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy (IMNM; 100%) and polymyositis (77%). In contrast, MHC-I immunostaining was less frequently present in non-inflammatory myopathies (32%) or neurogenic disorders (30%). Overall, abnormal MHC-I immunostaining had a sensitivity of 0.95 and a specificity of 0.82 for diagnosing IIMs. A focal MHC-I staining pattern was associated with IMNM, whereas a global pattern was more prevalent in sIBM and a perifascicular pattern was significantly more common in dermatomyositis. Among 18 DM biopsies without perifascicular atrophy, 50% had a perifascicular MHC-I staining pattern. Sarcoplasmic upregulation staining was more common than sarcolemmal staining across all groups. CONCLUSION MHC-I immunostaining was useful to distinguish IIMs from non-inflammatory myopathies or neurogenic disorders. Of note, a perifascicular MHC-I staining pattern was present only in those with DM, including half of those without perifascicular atrophy; many of these biopsies may not otherwise have been diagnostic for DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- José C Milisenda
- Muscle Research Unit, Internal Medicine Service, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Universidad de Barcelona and CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain
- Muscle Disease Unit, Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells and Gene Regulations, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Iago Pinal-Fernandez
- Muscle Disease Unit, Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells and Gene Regulations, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Thomas E Lloyd
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Josep Maria Grau-Junyent
- Muscle Research Unit, Internal Medicine Service, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Universidad de Barcelona and CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Andrea M Corse
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Andrew L Mammen
- Muscle Disease Unit, Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells and Gene Regulations, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Liu M, Lin Y, Qiao L, Chen J, Shi Q. Corrigendum: Characteristics of cardiac involvement in immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1233453. [PMID: 37671158 PMCID: PMC10477000 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1233453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1094611.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyang Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Lin
- Department of Neurology, The First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lingya Qiao
- Department of Neurology, The First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Shi
- Department of Neurology, The First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Salari M, Etemadifar M, Rashedi R, Rashedi R. Patent foramen ovale leading to mismanagement in a mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes patient. Clin Case Rep 2023; 11:e7723. [PMID: 37484747 PMCID: PMC10359446 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.7723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Key Clinical Message The stroke-like episodes and brain MRI lesions in MELAS usually have a nonischemic pattern, are resolved over time, and have a migrating pattern that helps us distinguish them from ischemic cerebral infarcts. Nevertheless, conditions such as intracardiac thromboses, PFO, and hypercoagulable state may be present concomitantly, leading to mismanagement. Therefore, further investigation and echocardiography are suggested in MELAS patients. Abstract Mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) is the most common maternally-inherited mitochondrial disorder presenting by stroke-like episodes, seizures, encephalopathy and muscle weakness. We report the clinical, imaging, echocardiography and muscle biopsy findings of a patient presenting by unique characteristics which have not been reported in previous cases of MELAS. The reported case is a 34 year old man with the history of three times hospitalization due to muscle weakness, encephalopathy, progressive cognitive decline, and gradual visual loss. Muscle biopsy revealed Ragged Red Fibers concomitant with mitochondrial disorders. PFO was found in echocardiography leading to mismanagement of this patient and MR imaging showed ischemic lesions with a progressive pattern. This is the first reported case of MELAS accompanying with PFO. All previous reported cases of MELAS have mentioned a fluctuating characteristic for the ischemic lesions; hence this is the first case of MELAS with the progressive pattern of ischemic lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehri Salari
- Clinical Reasearch Development Unit of Shohada‐e Tajrish HospitalShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohada Tajrish Neurosurgical Center of ExcellenceShahid Beheshti University of medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Masoud Etemadifar
- Department of Functional NeurosurgeryMedical School, Isfahan University of Medical SciencesIsfahanIran
| | - Ronak Rashedi
- Clinical Reasearch Development Unit of Shohada‐e Tajrish HospitalShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohada Tajrish Neurosurgical Center of ExcellenceShahid Beheshti University of medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Romina Rashedi
- Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohada Tajrish Neurosurgical Center of ExcellenceShahid Beheshti University of medical SciencesTehranIran
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Edupuganti S, Yadav D, Upadhyay M, Benck AR, Nika A. A Rare Presentation of Myositis and Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage Associated With Disseminated Cryptococcus neoformans Infection. Cureus 2023; 15:e42062. [PMID: 37601998 PMCID: PMC10433696 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.42062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Cryptococcosis is a fungal infection caused by species of the Cryptococcus genus which are commonly found in soil contaminated with bird feces, decaying wood, and tree hollows. It is usually seen in immunocompromised patients such as those with AIDS, with hematological malignancy, on immunosuppressive therapy, or after organ transplantation, and rare in immunocompetent hosts. The primary site of infection is usually the lung and the infection starts after inhalation of the pathogen and depending upon the host's immune response shows a different pattern of infection. Here we present a case report of a female in her late forties, who presented with two weeks of rash in her bilateral upper extremity, lower extremity, chest, and back along with arthralgia, myalgia, and proximal lower extremity weakness. Initial laboratory workup showed leukocytosis, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, serum ferritin, and serum aldolase level with normal creatinine kinase. Rheumatological workups including ANA, ANCA, RF, C3, and C4 were normal. Magnetic resonance imaging of the right femur showed hyperintensity of the thigh and proximal calf musculature suggestive of muscle edema. A punch biopsy from the rash showed dyskeratosis with mild perivascular neutrophilic infiltrate. Steroid therapy and rituximab were started with some improvement. However, the patient developed respiratory distress and diffuse alveolar hemorrhage. Bronchoscopy was done and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid grew Serratia and Candida. The patient improved with antibiotic and antifungal therapy. However, the patient again developed respiratory distress and a new diffuse alveolar hemorrhage. A repeat bronchoscopy was done and the new bronchoalveolar lavage grew Cryptococcus neoformans. Blood cultures also grew Cryptococcus neoformans. The patient was started on amphotericin B and flucytosine. The patient initially improved and was transferred to the rehabilitation unit but ultimately her course was complicated by multiple infections and intubations and she unfortunately passed away.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Deepesh Yadav
- Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medical Sciences, Kathmandu University, Bharatpur, NPL
- Internal Medicine, Hurley Medical Center, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Flint, USA
| | | | - Andrew R Benck
- Rheumatology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, USA
| | - Ailda Nika
- Rheumatology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, USA
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Gudipati A, Rifat S, Uppin M, Jabeen A, Mathukumalli NL, Yareeda S, Kayidhi S, Pyal A, Dhamne M, Reddy YM. Comparison of Muscle Biopsy Features with Myositis Autoantibodies in Inflammatory Myopathies: A Pilot Experience. Ann Indian Acad Neurol 2023; 26:408-418. [PMID: 37970294 PMCID: PMC10645206 DOI: 10.4103/aian.aian_142_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM), also called autoimmune myositis, are heterogeneous. These include dermatomyositis (DM), inclusion body myositis, immune mediated necrotizing myopathy (IMNM), anti-synthetase syndrome (ASS), and overlap polymyositis. Classification of IIM has evolved from clinical to clinico-pathologic to the recent clinico-sero-pathologic with the discovery of myositis-specific antibodies (MSA) and myositis-associated antibodies. The various antibodies have shown association with specific phenotypes. Objective To analyze muscle biopsy features with respect to each MSA and MAA to understand the frequency of findings in each entity. Materials and Methods Biopsy-proven cases of IIM where myositis profile was available were included in the study after obtaining Institutional Ethics Committee (IEC) approval. In addition to the stains and enzyme histochemistry, immunohistochemistry with MHC class I and II and MxA was performed. Features like perifascicular atrophy, perifascicular necrosis, scattered necrosis, inflammation, etc. were analyzed. Myositis profile was performed by line-blot technique using a 16-antigen panel. Cases were divided into different autoantibody subgroups. Various clinical, demographic, and muscle biopsy features were studied with respect to each MSA and MAA. Results There were a total of 64 cases. Mi2 (N = 18) was the most common autoantibody. Some of the salient observations included PFA with perivascular inflammation in Mi2; pediatric cases and microinfarcts in NXP2; no PFA or inflammation in MDA5; perifascicular necrosis in JO1; extensive necrosis with sparse inflammation in SRP; more inflammation in overlap myositis; MxA positivity in DM; and absent in ASS. Conclusion This is a pilot study documenting differences in biopsy phenotype with each MSA and MAA which is comparable to the literature. These findings can be used to characterize IIM in seronegative biopsies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archana Gudipati
- Department of Pathology, Nizam’s Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Shaikh Rifat
- Department of Pathology, Nizam’s Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Megha Uppin
- Department of Pathology, Nizam’s Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Afshan Jabeen
- Department of Neurology, Nizam’s Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | | | - Sireesha Yareeda
- Department of Neurology, Nizam’s Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Sunitha Kayidhi
- Department of Consultant Rheumatologist, Continental Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Anjan Pyal
- Department of Consultant Neurologist, Citi Neuro Centre, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Megha Dhamne
- Department of Consultant, PD Hinduja Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Y Muralidhar Reddy
- Department of Consultant Neurologist, Care Hospital, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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Castillo-Ferrán N, Junco-Rodriguez JM, Lestayo-O'Farrill Z, Robinson-Agramonte MDLA, Camejo-León Z, Gómez-Suárez HJ, Salinas-Olivares M, Antiguas-Valdez E, Falcón-Lamazares E, Siniscalco D. A Possible Case of Centronuclear Myopathy: A Case Report. Medicina (Kaunas) 2023; 59:1112. [PMID: 37374315 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59061112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Congenital myopathies (CMs) are a group of diseases that primarily affect the muscle fiber, especially the contractile apparatus and the different components that condition its normal functioning. They present as muscle weakness and hypotonia at birth or during the first year of life. Centronuclear CM is characterized by a high incidence of nuclei located centrally and internally in muscle fibers. Clinical case: a 22-year-old male patient with symptoms of muscle weakness since early childhood, with difficulty in performing physical activity according to his age, with the presence of a long face, a waddling gait, and a global decrease in muscle mass. Electromyography was performed, showing a neurogenic pattern and not the expected myopathic one, neuroconduction with reduced amplitude of the motor potential of the peroneal nerve and axonal and myelin damage of the posterior tibial nerves. The microscopic study of the studied striated muscle fragments stained with hematoxylin-eosin and Masson's trichrome showed the presence of fibers with central nuclei, diagnosing CM. The patient meets most of the description for CM, with involvement of all striated muscles, although it is important to note the neurogenic pattern present in this case, due to the denervation of damaged muscle fibers, which contain terminal axonal segments. Neuroconduction shows the involvement of motor nerves, but with normal sensory studies, axonal polyneuropathy is unlikely, due to normal sensory potentials. Different pathological findings have been described depending on the mutated gene in this disease, but all coincide with the presence of fibers with central nuclei for diagnosis by this means, which is so important in institutions where it is not possible to carry out genetic studies, and allowing early specific treatment, according to the stage through which the patient passes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Dario Siniscalco
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Division of Molecular Biology, Biotechnology and Histology, University of Campania, 80138 Naples, Italy
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Fermon C, Lessard LER, Fenouil T, Meyer A, Faruch-Bilfeld M, Robert M, Landel V, Hot A, Authier FJ, Streichenberger N, Gallay L. Revisiting idiopathic eosinophilic myositis: towards a clinical-pathological continuum from the muscle to the fascia and skin. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2023; 62:2220-2229. [PMID: 36200845 PMCID: PMC10234208 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keac556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies are mainly defined by inflammatory infiltrates within the muscle (lymphocytes and macrophages). Eosinophil muscle infiltration has been described in idiopathic eosinophilic myositis (IEM) and rarely in EF. This study aimed to further delineate the nosological frame of idiopathic eosinophil muscle infiltration through the exhaustive analysis of IEM and EF patients. METHODS This multicentre retrospective case series included IEM patients diagnosed between 2000 and 2022. IEM inclusion criteria were eosinophilic muscle infiltration with myositis pathological features, after the exclusion of differential diagnoses. An additional group of EF patients diagnosed between 2016 and 2022 was constituted. Inclusion criteria were an EF diagnosis and fascia thickening with inflammatory infiltrate. RESULTS A total of 20 IEM cases and 10 EF cases were included. The median (interquartile range) age at diagnosis was 65 (49-70) years; there were 18 males. Data analysis delineated four subgroups: focal EM (FEM, n = 3), diffuse EM (DEM, n = 6), eosinophilic myofasciitis (EMF, n = 11) and EF (n = 10). FEM represented a limited and benign form of myositis. DEM cases presented objective muscle impairment with eosinophilic muscle infiltration. EMF patients presented subjective muscle impairment (myalgia, 55%), fasciitis (on histology and/or imaging), eosinophilic muscle infiltration and frequent hypereosinophilia (55%). EF patients presented myalgia (50%), muscle lesions on histology with fascia-restricted inflammatory infiltrates with (60%) or without (40%) eosinophils. CONCLUSIONS The analysis of IEM and EF patient characteristics delineates four subgroups (FEM, DEM, EMF and EF) in terms of clinical, laboratory, imaging, pathological and outcome specificities, and proposes an adapted diagnostic and care management approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Fermon
- Service de Médecine Interne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Edouard Herriot, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Lola E R Lessard
- Service d’Electroneuromyographie et Pathologies Neuromusculaires, Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Laboratoire Physiopathologie et Génétique du Neurone et du Muscle (PGNM), CNRS UMR5261—INSERM U1315, Institut NeuroMyoGène—Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Tanguy Fenouil
- Service de Cytologie et d'Anatomie Pathologique, Département de Neuropathologie, Groupement Hospitalier Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Alain Meyer
- Centre de Reference des Maladies Autoimmunes Rares, Service de Rhumatologie, Exploration Fonctionnelle Musculaires, Service de Physiologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- EA3072 Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Marie Faruch-Bilfeld
- Service d’Imagerie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Hôpital Pierre Paul Riquet, Toulouse, France
| | - Marie Robert
- Service de Médecine Interne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Edouard Herriot, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Verena Landel
- Direction de la Recherche en Santé, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Arnaud Hot
- Service de Médecine Interne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Edouard Herriot, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - François-Jérôme Authier
- Université Paris Est-Créteil, INSERM, IMRB U955, Team Relaix, Créteil, France
- Centre de Référence « Nord-Est-Ile de France » pour les Pathologies Neuromusculaires, FILNEMUS, Paris, France
- UH Histologie/Département de Pathologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Créteil, France
| | | | - Laure Gallay
- Correspondence to: Laure Gallay, Service de Médecine Interne du Pr Arnaud Hot, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, 5 Place d’Arsonval, F-69003 Lyon, France. E-mail:
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Amin T, Nassar M, Abosheaishaa H, Ali A, Zirkiyeva M, Lopez R. A Case of Diabetic Ketoacidosis Presented With Severe Rhabdomyolysis-Induced Acute Kidney Injury. Cureus 2023; 15:e38042. [PMID: 37228554 PMCID: PMC10206602 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.38042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
We present a patient who presented with diabetic ketoacidosis and severe rhabdomyolysis-induced acute kidney injury. The patient developed generalized edema, nausea, and vomiting, and his kidney function deteriorated, necessitating renal replacement therapy, despite the successful treatment of his initial conditions. A comprehensive evaluation was conducted to determine the underlying cause of the severe rhabdomyolysis, including autoimmune myopathies, viral infections, and metabolic disorders. A muscle biopsy revealed necrosis and myophagocytosis but no significant inflammation or myositis. The patient's clinical and laboratory results improved with appropriate treatment, including temporary dialysis and erythropoietin therapy, and he was discharged to continue his rehabilitation with home health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toka Amin
- Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Queens Hospital Center, New York, USA
| | - Mahmoud Nassar
- Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Queens Hospital Center, New York, USA
| | - Hazem Abosheaishaa
- Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Queens Hospital Center, New York, USA
- Gastroenterology, Cairo University, Cairo, EGY
| | - Amr Ali
- Pathology, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, New York, USA
| | - Milana Zirkiyeva
- Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Queens Hospital Center, New York, USA
| | - Ricardo Lopez
- Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Queens Hospital Center, New York, USA
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22
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Tanboon J, Inoue M, Hirakawa S, Tachimori H, Hayashi S, Noguchi S, Okiyama N, Fujimoto M, Suzuki S, Nishino I. Muscle pathology of antisynthetase syndrome according to antibody subtypes. Brain Pathol 2023:e13155. [PMID: 36882048 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.13155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Identification of antisynthetase syndrome (ASS) could be challenging due to inaccessibility and technical difficulty of the serology test for the less common non-Jo-1 antibodies. This study aimed to describe ASS antibody-specific myopathology and evaluate the diagnostic utility of myofiber HLA-DR expression. We reviewed 212 ASS muscle biopsies and compared myopathologic features among subtypes. Additionally, we compared their HLA-DR staining pattern with 602 non-ASS myositis and 140 genetically confirmed myopathies known to have an inflammatory component. We used t-test and Fisher's exact for comparisons and used sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values to assess the utility of HLA-DR expression for ASS diagnosis. RNAseq performed from a subset of myositis cases and histologically normal muscle biopsies was used to evaluate interferon (IFN)-signaling pathway-related genes. Anti-OJ ASS showed prominent myopathology with higher scores in muscle fiber (4.6 ± 2.0 vs. 2.8 ± 1.8, p = 0.001) and inflammatory domains (6.8 ± 3.2 vs. 4.5 ± 2.9, p = 0.006) than non-OJ ASS. HLA-DR expression and IFN-γ-related genes upregulation were prominent in ASS and inclusion body myositis (IBM). When dermatomyositis and IBM were excluded, HLA-DR expression was 95.4% specific and 61.2% sensitive for ASS with a positive predictive value of 85.9% and a negative predictive value of 84.2%; perifascicular HLA-DR pattern is common in anti-Jo-1 ASS than non-Jo-1 ASS (63.1% vs. 5.1%, p < 0.0001). In the appropriate clinicopathological context, myofiber HLA-DR expression help support ASS diagnosis. The presence of HLA-DR expression suggests involvement of IFN-γ in the pathogenesis of ASS, though the detailed mechanisms have yet to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jantima Tanboon
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Genome Medicine Development, Medical Genome Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michio Inoue
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Genome Medicine Development, Medical Genome Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinya Hirakawa
- Department of Clinical Data Science, Clinical Research & Education Promotion Division, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisateru Tachimori
- Department of Clinical Data Science, Clinical Research & Education Promotion Division, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Hayashi
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Genome Medicine Development, Medical Genome Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoru Noguchi
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Genome Medicine Development, Medical Genome Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoko Okiyama
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Manabu Fujimoto
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.,Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shigeaki Suzuki
- Department of Neurology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ichizo Nishino
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Genome Medicine Development, Medical Genome Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Clinical Genome Analysis, Medical Genome Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
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23
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Liu M, Lin Y, Qiao L, Chen J, Shi Q. Characteristics of cardiac involvement in immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1094611. [PMID: 36926343 PMCID: PMC10011453 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1094611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the characteristics of cardiac involvement due to Immune-mediated Necrotizing Myopathy (IMNM). Methods Patients diagnosed with Immune-mediated Necrotizing Myopathy (IMNM) who attended the Department of Neurology and the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology at the First Medical Center of the PLA General Hospital between February 2011 and June 2022 were collected. Clinicopathological diagnosis of IMNM was performed according to the criteria established by the European Neuromuscular Center (ENMC). All patients underwent muscle biopsy and Myositis-specific antibodies (MSAs) testing. Information included age, gender, disease duration, intramuscular and extramuscular manifestations, laboratory findings (including creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase levels, troponin T, myoglobin and atrial natriuretic peptide), electromyography, skeletal muscle pathology and immunohistochemical staining. Results A total of 57 patients were included in this study. Of the serological tests, 56.1% (32/57) were positive for SRP, 21.1% (12/57) were positive for HMGCR and 22.8% (13/57) were seronegative. Thirty patients (52.6%, 30/57) presented with varying degrees of cardiac involvement. We performed ECG in 23 patients and found 6 patients with arrhythmia (26.1%), 12 patients with myocardial ischemia (52.2%), and 7 patients with acute coronary syndrome (ST elevation and non-ST elevation myocardial infarction) (30.4%), and 4 patients with left axis deviation or left ventricular high voltage, suggesting left ventricular hypertrophy (17.4%). Cardiac ultrasound was performed in 14 patients and 3 showed pericardial effusion (21.4%); Decreased left ventricular ejection fraction and atrial enlargement were 2 each; 8 showed a decrease in left ventricular diastolic function (57.1%). In addition, one patient had myocardial edema. Conclusion Cardiac involvement is not uncommon in IMNM. However, besides clearly statistically significant differences in the disease course, and in the values of troponin T and myoglobin, our data did not show any statistically significant difference in other features of cardiac involvement between patients with different subtypes of IMNM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyang Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Lin
- Department of Neurology, The First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lingya Qiao
- Department of Neurology, The First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Shi
- Department of Neurology, The First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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24
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Ross L, McKelvie P, Reardon K, Wong H, Wicks I, Day J. Muscle biopsy practices in the evaluation of neuromuscular disease: A systematic literature review. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2023; 49:e12888. [PMID: 36734037 PMCID: PMC10946625 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Muscle biopsy techniques range from needle muscle biopsy (NMB) and conchotome biopsy to open surgical biopsy. It is unknown whether specific biopsy techniques offer superior diagnostic yield or differ in procedural complication rates. Therefore, we aimed to compare the diagnostic utility of NMB, conchotome and open muscle biopsies in the assessment of neuromuscular disorders. METHODS A systematic literature review of the EMBASE and Medline (Ovid) databases was performed to identify original, full-length research articles that described the muscle biopsy technique used to diagnose neuromuscular disease in both adult and paediatric patient populations. Studies of any design, excluding case reports, were eligible for inclusion. Data pertaining to biopsy technique, biopsy yield and procedural complications were extracted. RESULTS Sixty-four studies reporting the yield of a specific muscle biopsy technique and, or procedural complications were identified. Open surgical biopsies provided a larger tissue sample than any type of percutaneous muscle biopsy. Where anaesthetic details were reported, general anaesthesia was required in 60% of studies that reported open surgical biopsies. Percutaneous biopsies were most commonly performed under local anaesthesia and despite the smaller tissue yield, moderate- to large-gauge needle and conchotome muscle biopsies had an equivalent diagnostic utility to that of open surgical muscle biopsy. All types of muscle biopsy procedures were well tolerated with few adverse events and no scarring complications were reported with percutaneous sampling. CONCLUSIONS When a histological diagnosis of myopathy is required, moderate- to large-gauge NMB and the conchotome technique appear to have an equivalent diagnostic yield to that of an open surgical biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Ross
- Department of RheumatologySt Vincent's Hospital MelbourneFitzroyVictoriaAustralia
- Department of MedicineThe University of Melbourne at St Vincent's HospitalFitzroyVictoriaAustralia
| | - Penny McKelvie
- Department of Anatomical PathologySt Vincent's Hospital MelbourneFitzroyVictoriaAustralia
| | - Katrina Reardon
- Department of NeurologySt Vincent's Hospital MelbourneFitzroyVictoriaAustralia
| | - Huon Wong
- Inflammation DivisionWalter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical ResearchParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Ian Wicks
- Inflammation DivisionWalter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical ResearchParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
- Department of RheumatologyRoyal Melbourne HospitalParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
- Department of Medical BiologyUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Jessica Day
- Inflammation DivisionWalter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical ResearchParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
- Department of RheumatologyRoyal Melbourne HospitalParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
- Department of Medical BiologyUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
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25
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Todorow V, Hintze S, Schoser B, Meinke P. Nuclear envelope transmembrane proteins involved in genome organization are misregulated in myotonic dystrophy type 1 muscle. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 10:1007331. [PMID: 36699009 PMCID: PMC9868253 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1007331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Myotonic dystrophy type 1 is a multisystemic disorder with predominant muscle and neurological involvement. Despite a well described pathomechanism, which is primarily a global missplicing due to sequestration of RNA-binding proteins, there are still many unsolved questions. One such question is the disease etiology in the different affected tissues. We observed alterations at the nuclear envelope in primary muscle cell cultures before. This led us to reanalyze a published RNA-sequencing dataset of DM1 and control muscle biopsies regarding the misregulation of NE proteins. We could identify several muscle NE protein encoding genes to be misregulated depending on the severity of the muscle phenotype. Among these misregulated genes were NE transmembrane proteins (NETs) involved in nuclear-cytoskeletal coupling as well as genome organization. For selected genes, we could confirm that observed gene-misregulation led to protein expression changes. Furthermore, we investigated if genes known to be under expression-regulation by genome organization NETs were also misregulated in DM1 biopsies, which revealed that misregulation of two NETs alone is likely responsible for differential expression of about 10% of all genes being differentially expressed in DM1. Notably, the majority of NETs identified here to be misregulated in DM1 muscle are mutated in Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy or clinical similar muscular dystrophies, suggesting a broader similarity on the molecular level for muscular dystrophies than anticipated. This shows not only the importance of muscle NETs in muscle health and disease, but also highlights the importance of the NE in DM1 disease progression.
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26
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Kuwabara G, Yamada K, Tanaka K, Nozuchi S, Imoto W, Shibata W, Tohda M, Kyoh S, Itoh Y, Hashimoto M, Kakeya H. Muscle Biopsy-proven Drug-induced Microscopic Polyangiitis in a Patient with Tuberculosis. Intern Med 2023; 62:129-133. [PMID: 35650134 PMCID: PMC9876704 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.9599-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We herein report a case of muscle biopsy-proven microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) in a patient with tuberculosis. The patient had developed a persistent fever after the initiation of treatment for tuberculosis and was positive for myeloperoxidase-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA). However, because conventional symptoms were lacking, determination of the biopsy site was difficult. Based on the findings of a biopsy of the biceps femoris, which confirmed small vessel vasculitis, the patient was diagnosed with MPA. The fever was alleviated by glucocorticoids. Tuberculosis and antituberculosis drugs can cause ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV). A muscle biopsy is useful for the diagnosis of AAV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaku Kuwabara
- Department of Infection Control Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Japan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Japan
| | - Koichi Yamada
- Department of Infection Control Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Japan
| | - Kiyomi Tanaka
- Post Graduate Medical Training Center, Osaka City University Hospital, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nozuchi
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Japan
| | - Waki Imoto
- Department of Infection Control Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Japan
| | - Wataru Shibata
- Department of Infection Control Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Japan
| | - Mitsunori Tohda
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Japan
| | - Shigenori Kyoh
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wakakusa-Daiichi Hospital, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Itoh
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Japan
| | - Motomu Hashimoto
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kakeya
- Department of Infection Control Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Japan
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27
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Acosta IJ, Stenzel W, Hofer M, Brady S. Autophagy in non-immune-mediated rhabdomyolysis: Assessment of p62 immunohistochemistry. Muscle Nerve 2023; 67:73-77. [PMID: 36221900 DOI: 10.1002/mus.27739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION/AIMS p62 immunochemistry (IHC) has been shown to aid diagnosis with distinct patterns of muscle fiber staining observed in some inflammatory, hereditary, and degenerative myopathies, such as immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy (IMNM). The pattern of p62 staining may help narrow the pathological differential diagnosis of rhabdomyolysis. However, there is a lack of information on the pattern of p62 IHC in non-immune-mediated rhabdomyolysis. In this study we aim to describe histopathological findings in non-immune-mediated rhabdomyolysis, with particular emphasis on the pattern of p62 IHC. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the histopathological features of patients with a confirmed diagnoses of non-immune-mediated rhabdomyolysis referred to our center. RESULTS Five patients were identified. Rhabdomyolysis was determined to be due to statin-associated toxicity in three patients, alcohol overuse in one patient, and intensive exercise in one patient. All patients showed increased numbers of necrotic and regenerating muscle fibers. Diffuse and finely granular sarcoplasmic positive p62 staining was present in scattered non-necrotic muscle fibers in all patients. DISCUSSION Disturbance of autophagy appears to be a common mechanism in non-immune-mediated rhabdomyolysis. Our results show p62 IHC is sensitive but lacks specificity. Therefore, the pattern of p62 staining does not distinguish non-immune-mediated rhabdomyolysis from histopathologically similar IMNM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Javier Acosta
- Neuropathology Department, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals Trust, Oxford, UK.,Translational Neurology and Neurophysiology Laboratory, Advance Clinical Research Centre, School of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Neurology and Psychiatry Department, Clínica Alemana, Santiago, Chile.,Neurology and Neurosurgery Department, Clínica Dávila, Santiago, Chile
| | - Werner Stenzel
- Department of Neuropathology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Monika Hofer
- Neuropathology Department, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Stefen Brady
- Oxford Muscle Service, Department of Neurology, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals Trust, Oxford, UK
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28
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Wilkinson M, Cash K, Gutschmidt B, Otto S, Limaye V. Secondary myoadenylate deaminase deficiency is not a common feature of inflammatory myopathies: A descriptive study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:1061722. [PMID: 36507531 PMCID: PMC9727292 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1061722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Myoadenylate deaminase (MAD) deficiency is a form of metabolic myopathy, which generally causes only mild symptoms in the primary inherited form. Inflammatory myopathies are a group of autoimmune diseases which result in skeletal muscle weakness. In addition to inflammatory pathology, it has been speculated that non-inflammatory mechanisms, and possibly secondary MAD-deficiency, may potentially contribute to weakness in these conditions. Methods We investigated for an association between these two myopathic processes through two complementary methods. Firstly, muscle biopsy records in South Australia over a 17-year period were retrospectively reviewed for diagnosis of myositis or MAD-deficiency, as well as associated clinical features. Secondly, a prospective arm histochemically tested all incident biopsy specimens over a 12-month period for MAD-deficiency. Results In the retrospective arm, 30 MAD-deficient cases were identified (1.3% of all biopsies), with no significant difference observed in overall rates of myositis diagnosis between patients with intact and deficient MAD activity (21.3% vs 26.7%, P = 0.47). No cases of MAD-deficiency were detected in the prospective arm, despite 39 cases of myositis being identified over this period. Conclusion Secondary MAD deficiency is unlikely to be a major driver of symptoms in inflammatory myopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Wilkinson
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia,Department of Rheumatology, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, SA, Australia,Department of Rheumatology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia,*Correspondence: Michael Wilkinson,
| | - Kathy Cash
- Muscle and Nerve Laboratory, Department of Anatomical Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Bernice Gutschmidt
- Muscle and Nerve Laboratory, Department of Anatomical Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Sophia Otto
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia,Muscle and Nerve Laboratory, Department of Anatomical Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Vidya Limaye
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia,Department of Rheumatology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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29
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Constantin-Teodosiu D. When a study control is not properly selected, the data generated may be skewed and this could have implications for the study's conclusions. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2022; 323:E1. [PMID: 35731028 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00057.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dumitru Constantin-Teodosiu
- School of Life Sciences, Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham Medical School, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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30
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Hiebeler M, Franke R, Ingenerf M, Krause S, Mohassel P, Pak K, Mammen A, Schoser B, Bönnemann CG, Walter MC. Slowly Progressive Limb-Girdle Weakness and HyperCKemia - Limb Girdle Muscular Dystrophy or Anti-3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl-CoA-Reductase-Myopathy? J Neuromuscul Dis 2022; 9:607-614. [PMID: 35754285 DOI: 10.3233/jnd-220810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anti-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR)-myopathy is a usually rapidly progressive form of immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy (IMNM). Rarer clinical courses show slow progression and resemble the phenotype of limb-girdle dystrophy (LGMD). OBJECTIVE We demonstrate the difficulties in differentiating LGMD versus anti-HMGCR-myopathy. METHODS We report on a 48-year-old patient with slowly progressive tetraparesis and hyperCKemia for more than 20 years. RESULTS Due to myopathic changes in initial and second muscle biopsy and typical clinical presentation, the patient was diagnosed with LGMD 20 years ago; despite comprehensive genetic testing including exome diagnostics, the genetic cause of disease could not be identified. Finally, HMG-CoA reductase antibodies were detected, confirming the diagnosis of anti-HMGCR-myopathy. By re-work-up of a second muscle biopsy specimen from year 2009, the diagnosis of a IMNM was made in retrospect. Seven cycles of high-dose immunoglobulins were administered; patient reported outcome measures have mildly improved. CONCLUSION Patients with clinical LGMD phenotype, degenerative changes in muscle biopsy but without genetic confirmation of the disease should be tested for HMG-CoA-myopathy, thereby allowing for an early start of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Hiebeler
- Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Raimo Franke
- Department of Chemical Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Maria Ingenerf
- Department of Radiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sabine Krause
- Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Payam Mohassel
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Katherine Pak
- Muscle Disease Unit, Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells and Gene Regulation, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Andrew Mammen
- Muscle Disease Unit, Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells and Gene Regulation, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Benedikt Schoser
- Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Carsten G Bönnemann
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Maggie C Walter
- Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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31
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Hejbøl EK, Harbo T, Agergaard J, Madsen LB, Pedersen TH, Østergaard LJ, Andersen H, Schrøder HD, Tankisi H. Myopathy as a cause of fatigue in long-term post-COVID-19 symptoms: Evidence of skeletal muscle histopathology. Eur J Neurol 2022; 29:2832-2841. [PMID: 35661354 PMCID: PMC9348124 DOI: 10.1111/ene.15435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background and purpose Among post‐COVID‐19 symptoms, fatigue is reported as one of the most common, even after mild acute infection, and as the cause of fatigue, myopathy diagnosed by electromyography has been proposed in previous reports. This study aimed to explore the histopathological changes in patients with post‐COVID‐19 fatigue. Methods Sixteen patients (mean age = 46 years) with post‐COVID‐19 complaints of fatigue, myalgia, or weakness persisting for up to 14 months were included. In all patients, quantitative electromyography and muscle biopsies analyzed with light and electron microscopy were taken. Results Muscle weakness was present in 50% and myopathic electromyography in 75%, and in all patients there were histological changes. Muscle fiber atrophy was found in 38%, and 56% showed indications of fiber regeneration. Mitochondrial changes, comprising loss of cytochrome c oxidase activity, subsarcollemmal accumulation, and/or abnormal cristae, were present in 62%. Inflammation was found in 62%, seen as T lymphocytes and/or muscle fiber human leukocyte antigen ABC expression. In 75%, capillaries were affected, involving basal lamina and cells. In two patients, uncommon amounts of basal lamina were found, not only surrounding muscle fibers but also around nerves and capillaries. Conclusions The wide variety of histological changes in this study suggests that skeletal muscles may be a major target of SARS‐CoV‐2, causing muscular post‐COVID‐19 symptoms. The mitochondrial changes, inflammation, and capillary injury in muscle biopsies can cause fatigue in part due to reduced energy supply. Because most patients had mild–moderate acute affection, the new variants that might cause less severe acute disease could still have the ability to cause long‐term myopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva K Hejbøl
- Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Thomas Harbo
- Department of Neurology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jane Agergaard
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Line B Madsen
- Department of Histopathology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Lars J Østergaard
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Henning Andersen
- Department of Neurology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Henrik D Schrøder
- Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Histopathology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Hatice Tankisi
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Holling T, Lisfeld J, Johannsen J, Matschke J, Song F, Altmeppen HC, Kutsche K. Autosomal dominantly inherited myopathy likely caused by the TNNT1 variant p.(Asp65Ala). Hum Mutat 2022; 43:1224-1233. [PMID: 35510366 DOI: 10.1002/humu.24397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Nemaline myopathies (NEM) are genetically and clinically heterogenous. Biallelic or monoallelic variants in TNNT1, encoding slow skeletal troponin T1 (TnT1), cause NEM. We report a 2-year-old patient and his mother carrying the heterozygous TNNT1 variant c.194A>C/p.(Asp65Ala) that occurred de novo in the mother. Both had muscle hypotrophy and muscle weakness. Muscle pathology in the proband's mother revealed slow twitch type 1 fiber hypotrophy and fast twitch type 2 fiber hypertrophy that was confirmed by a reduced ratio of slow skeletal myosin to fast skeletal myosin type 2a. RT-PCR and immunoblotting data demonstrated increased levels of high-molecular-weight TnT1 isoforms in skeletal muscle of the proband's mother that were also observed in some controls. In an overexpression system, complex formation of TnT1-D65A with tropomyosin 3 (TPM3) was enhanced. The previously reported TnT1-E104V and TnT1-L96P mutants showed reduced or no co-immunoprecipitation with TPM3. Our studies support pathogenicity of the TNNT1 p.(Asp65Ala) variant. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tess Holling
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jasmin Lisfeld
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jessika Johannsen
- Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jakob Matschke
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Feizhi Song
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Kerstin Kutsche
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Yamaguchi N, Matsuda S, Matsumoto J, Ugawa Y, Shimizu J, Toda T, Sonoo M, Yoshizawa T. Rippling Muscle Disease with Irregular Toe Jerks and Anti-acetylcholine Receptor Antibodies: Remission after Extended Thymectomy. Intern Med 2022; 61:1439-1442. [PMID: 34670892 PMCID: PMC9152870 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.8146-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We herein report a 63-year-old rippling muscle disease (RMD) patient who presented with painless stiffness, muscle hypertrophy and muscle contractions elicited by mechanical stimulation. He also showed irregular toe jerks and a slightly elevated level of anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody (AChR-Ab). Since he had a mediastinal mass mimicking thymoma, which was later revealed to be a bronchial cyst, he underwent extended thymectomy. The irregular toe jerks disappeared within a week after the operation. The other muscle symptoms completely remitted 27 months after the onset. This is the first report of a sporadic case of RMD with irregular toe jerks that resolved after extended thymectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanaka Yamaguchi
- Department of Neurology, NTT Medical Center Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Jun Matsumoto
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, NTT Medical Center Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Ugawa
- Department of Human Neurophysiology, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Japan
| | - Jun Shimizu
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medical Health, Tokyo University of Technology, Japan
| | - Tatsushi Toda
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Sonoo
- Department of Neurology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Japan
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Swain M, Uppin M. Evolving classification and role of muscle biopsy in diagnosis of inflammatory myopathies. INDIAN J PATHOL MICR 2022; 65:S241-S251. [PMID: 35562156 DOI: 10.4103/ijpm.ijpm_1033_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM) is a broad term that includes dermatomyositis, polymyositis, overlap myositis, sporadic inclusion body myositis, and immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy. The understanding of the pathogenesis of IIM is ever-evolving with regular updates in the classification schema. With the recognition of autoantibodies and their detection, the diagnostic algorithms are changing in favor of non-invasive diagnoses. However, muscle biopsy has immensely contributed to our understanding of the pathogenesis of inflammatory myopathies, and the pathologic features of different subtypes are well established. The biopsy also aids in distinguishing myopathies with overlapping clinical features, particularly dystrophies, which can show inflammation on biopsy in some cases. In this article, the various classification schemes of the IIM are reviewed. Also, the pathogenesis and pathology of each type of IIM have been highlighted. This article emphasizes the role of muscle biopsy in the diagnosis of inflammatory myopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Swain
- Department of Pathology, Apollo Hospitals, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Megha Uppin
- Department of Pathology, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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35
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Nandeesh BN, Narayanappa G, Yasha TC. Basic requirements to establish a neuromuscular laboratory. INDIAN J PATHOL MICR 2022; 65:S233-S240. [PMID: 35562155 DOI: 10.4103/ijpm.ijpm_7_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Histopathological analysis of muscle biopsy is a prerequisite in the evaluation of neuromuscular disorders, particularly inflammatory myopathies, metabolic myopathies, congenital myopathies, muscular dystrophies and differentiating myopathies and neurogenic disorders with overlapping clinically features. It not only provides useful information that helps in the diagnosis but also treatment and management. Fundamental skills and basic knowledge regarding handling, processing and analyzing a muscle biopsy are required in any specialized or a general pathology lab supporting neuromuscular clinical services. Care during transport of the muscle biopsy, sample receipt in the laboratory and grossing is very important. Standard operating procedure should be followed for the preanalytical steps (freezing and cryomicrotomy), routine and special staining (enzyme and non enzymatic) and immunohistochemistry. A well organized neuromuscular laboratory with good quality management system is necessary for the practice of myopathology. This article gives an overview of establishing such a laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - T C Yasha
- Department of Neuropathology, NIMHANS, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
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Abstract
Muscular dystrophies are a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of disorders involving the skeletal muscles. They have a progressive clinical course and are characterized by muscle fiber degeneration. Congenital muscular dystrophies (CMD) include dystroglycanopathies, merosin-deficient CMD, collagen VI-deficient CMD, SELENON-related rigid spine muscular dystrophy, and LMNA-related CMD. Childhood and adult-onset muscular dystrophies include dystrophinopathies, limb-girdle muscular dystrophies, Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy, facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy, and myotonic dystrophy. Traditionally, muscle biopsy and histopathology along with special pathology techniques such as immunohistochemistry or immunoblotting were used for the diagnosis of muscular dystrophies. However, recent advances in molecular genetic testing, especially the next-generation sequencing technology, have revolutionized the diagnosis of muscular dystrophies. Identification of the underlying genetic basis helps in appropriate management and prognostication of the affected individual and genetic counseling of the family. In addition, identification of the exact disease-causing mutations is necessary for accurate prenatal genetic testing and carrier testing, to prevent recurrence in the family. Mutation identification is also essential for initiating mutation-specific therapies (which have been developed recently, especially for Duchenne muscular dystrophy) and for enrolment of patients into ongoing therapeutic clinical trials. The 'genetic testing first' approach has now become the norm in most centers. Nonetheless, muscle biopsy-based testing still has an important role to play, especially for cases where genetic testing is negative or inconclusive for the etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepti Narasimhaiah
- Department of Pathology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Megha S Uppin
- Department of Pathology, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Punjagutta, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Prajnya Ranganath
- Department of Medical Genetics, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Punjagutta, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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Frandsen J, Sahl RE, Rømer T, Hansen MT, Nielsen AB, Lie‐Olesen MM, Rasmusen HK, Søgaard D, Ingersen A, Rosenkilde M, Westerterp K, Holst JJ, Andersen JL, Markowski AR, Blachnio‐Zabielska A, Clemmensen C, Sacchetti M, Cataldo A, Traina M, Larsen S, Dela F, Helge JW. Extreme duration exercise affects old and younger men differently. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2022; 235:e13816. [PMID: 35347845 PMCID: PMC9287057 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Aim & Methods Extreme endurance exercise provides a valuable research model for understanding the adaptive metabolic response of older and younger individuals to intense physical activity. Here, we compare a wide range of metabolic and physiologic parameters in two cohorts of seven trained men, age 30 ± 5 years or age 65 ± 6 years, before and after the participants travelled ≈3000 km by bicycle over 15 days. Results Over the 15‐day exercise intervention, participants lost 2–3 kg fat mass with no significant change in body weight. V̇O2max did not change in younger cyclists, but decreased (p = 0.06) in the older cohort. The resting plasma FFA concentration decreased markedly in both groups, and plasma glucose increased in the younger group. In the older cohort, plasma LDL‐cholesterol and plasma triglyceride decreased. In skeletal muscle, fat transporters CD36 and FABPm remained unchanged. The glucose handling proteins GLUT4 and SNAP23 increased in both groups. Mitochondrial ROS production decreased in both groups, and ADP sensitivity increased in skeletal muscle in the older but not in the younger cohort. Conclusion In summary, these data suggest that older but not younger individuals experience a negative adaptive response affecting cardiovascular function in response to extreme endurance exercise, while a positive response to the same exercise intervention is observed in peripheral tissues in younger and older men. The results also suggest that the adaptive thresholds differ in younger and old men, and this difference primarily affects central cardiovascular functions in older men after extreme endurance exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Frandsen
- Xlab Center for Healthy Aging Department of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Ronni Eg Sahl
- Xlab Center for Healthy Aging Department of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Tue Rømer
- Xlab Center for Healthy Aging Department of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Mikkel Thunestvedt Hansen
- Xlab Center for Healthy Aging Department of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Andreas Blaaholm Nielsen
- Xlab Center for Healthy Aging Department of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Michelle Munk Lie‐Olesen
- Xlab Center for Healthy Aging Department of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Hanne Kruuse Rasmusen
- Department of Cardiology Bispebjerg‐Frederiksberg University Hospital Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Ditte Søgaard
- Xlab Center for Healthy Aging Department of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Arthur Ingersen
- Xlab Center for Healthy Aging Department of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Mads Rosenkilde
- Xlab Center for Healthy Aging Department of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Klaas Westerterp
- NUTRIM Maastricht University Medical Centre Maastricht The Netherlands
| | - Jens Juul Holst
- Department of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Jesper Løvind Andersen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery M Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen Bispebjerg Hospital and Center for Healthy Aging Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Adam Roman Markowski
- Epidemiology and Metabolic disorder Department Medical University of Bialystok Bialystok Poland
| | | | - Christoffer Clemmensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Massimo Sacchetti
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences University of Rome “Foro Italico” Rome Italy
| | - Angelo Cataldo
- Department of Sports Science (DISMOT) University of Palermo Palermo Italy
| | - Marcello Traina
- Department of Sports Science (DISMOT) University of Palermo Palermo Italy
| | - Steen Larsen
- Xlab Center for Healthy Aging Department of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
- Clinical Research Centre Medical University of Bialystok Bialystok Poland
| | - Flemming Dela
- Xlab Center for Healthy Aging Department of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
- Department of Geriatrics Bispebjerg‐Frederiksberg University Hospital Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Jørn Wulff Helge
- Xlab Center for Healthy Aging Department of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
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Quinlan JI, Dhaliwal A, Williams F, Allen SL, Breen L, Greig CA, Lord JM, Armstrong MJ, Elsharkawy AM. Feasibility, Efficacy, and Safety of Percutaneous Muscle Biopsies in Patients With Chronic Liver Disease. Front Physiol 2022; 12:817152. [PMID: 35242045 PMCID: PMC8886882 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.817152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sarcopenia is present in many chronic disease states including decompensated end stage liver disease (ESLD) and non-cirrhotic non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Sarcopenia in ESLD can negatively impact quality of life and increase mortality. Despite this, very little is understood about the mechanisms of sarcopenia in these conditions. One key reason for this is the reluctance to undertake percutaneous muscle biopsies due to the perceived increased risks. ESLD can induce thrombocytopaenia and coagulopathy which significantly increases the risk of bleeding. In addition, patients with either NAFLD or ESLD often have co-morbidities that would require additional care and risk assessment. Thus, the aim of this study was to establish an effective and safe protocol for the implementation of percutaneous muscle biopsies in patients with NAFLD and ESLD. METHODS A total of 47 patients with ESLD and 9 patients with non-cirrhotic NAFLD were recruited from the Liver Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital (Birmingham, United Kingdom). A total of 71 percutaneous vastus lateralis biopsies were attempted over two study visits. A vigorous safety screening occurred prior to and during each visit and a strict protocol was followed to mitigate against complications and risk. RESULTS A total of 85% of patients consented to the muscle biopsy at either visit (48/56). A total of 9% of consented biopsies could not occur due to medical considerations, including high international normalised ratio (INR) (n = 3) and the use of aspirin (n = 4). Muscle tissue was obtained from 90% of attempts, with a mean average yield (wet weight tissue) of 98.1 ± 52.9 mg. CONCLUSION Percutaneous muscle biopsies are both feasible and yield sufficient tissue in an ESLD population. The procedure is effective for obtaining muscle tissue whilst also safe, with only one adverse event. This study provides evidence for the successful use of muscle biopsies in this population, even in consideration of disease specific complications, medications, and comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan I Quinlan
- NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Amritpal Dhaliwal
- NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Felicity Williams
- NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Sophie L Allen
- NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Leigh Breen
- NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,MRC-Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Carolyn A Greig
- NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,MRC-Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Janet M Lord
- NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,MRC-Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew J Armstrong
- NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Liver Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Ahmed M Elsharkawy
- NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Liver Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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Rosenberg A, Pruitt R, Saba S, Silverstein JW, D'Amico RS. Isolating the Superficial Peroneal Nerve Motor Branch to the Peroneus Longus Muscle with Concentric Stimulation during Diagnostic Motor Nerve Biopsy. Neurodiagn J 2022; 62:26-36. [PMID: 35226832 DOI: 10.1080/21646821.2022.2034342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Motor nerve biopsies are performed in the workup of neuropathies of unknown origin when motor neuron disease is suspected. Biopsy of a motor branch of the superficial peroneal nerve innervating the peroneus longus muscle has been described as a convenient alternative to other commonly biopsied motor nerves. To date, neuromonitoring techniques have not been described for this procedure. We describe the surgical neurophysiology techniques necessary for preservation of motor function and associated data during muscle biopsy of a motor branch of the superficial peroneal nerve innervating the peroneus longus muscle. We present a case of a patient who underwent uncomplicated biopsy of the motor branch of the superficial peroneal nerve innervating the peroneus longus muscle during workup for suspected motor neuropathy. The surgical neurophysiology techniques and data are presented in detail. No postsurgical sensory or motor deficit was related to the procedure. Surgical neurophysiology is critical to confirm the appropriate motor branch to the peroneus longus muscle and facilitates safe and accurate motor nerve biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Rosenberg
- Department of Neurological Surgery Lenox Hill Hospital/Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra, New York, New York
| | - Rachel Pruitt
- Department of Neurological Surgery Lenox Hill Hospital/Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra, New York, New York
| | - Sami Saba
- Department of Neurology Lenox Hill Hospital/Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra, New York, New York
| | - Justin W Silverstein
- Department of Neurology Lenox Hill Hospital/Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra, New York, New York
- Neuro Protective Solutions, New York, New York
| | - Randy S D'Amico
- Department of Neurological Surgery Lenox Hill Hospital/Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra, New York, New York
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40
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Ripolone M, Napoli L, Mantero V, Sciacco M, Zanotti S. Peculiar histological and ultrastructural skeletal muscle alterations in a patient with CMV infection and autoimmune myositis: case evaluation and brief literature review. Acta Myol 2022; 41:41-47. [PMID: 35465344 PMCID: PMC9004338 DOI: 10.36185/2532-1900-068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We report the case of a young woman with CMV infection, high level of creatine kinase and myopathy. Electromyography showed a myopathic pattern. Muscle biopsy showed a marked increase of NADH enzymatic activity in the central area of almost all type I fibres, few degenerative and necrotic fibres and scattered mononuclear cell infiltrates. Ultrastructural analysis showed a marked disarrangement of sarcomeric structure and large inclusions of thin filaments in some fibres, while immunohistochemistry evidenced alteration in desmin, actin and αB-crystallin protein signals. PCR for CMV detection on muscle sections was negative. Histological, immunological and ultrastructural evaluations were compatible with a necrotic inflammatory myopathy. The correlations between CMV liver infection and the myopathic pattern are discussed. This case underscores the need to consider CMV infection in the differential diagnosis of myopathy with undetermined aetiology, quickly providing directions for a targeted muscle pharmacological intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Ripolone
- Neuromuscular and Rare Disease Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Napoli
- Neuromuscular and Rare Disease Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Vittorio Mantero
- UOC Neurologia - Stroke Unit, Presidio “A. Manzoni”, ASST Lecco, Italy
| | - Monica Sciacco
- Neuromuscular and Rare Disease Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Zanotti
- Neuromuscular and Rare Disease Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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41
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McFarland AJ, Ray PR, Bhai S, Levine BD, Price TJ. RNA sequencing on muscle biopsy from a 5-week bed rest study reveals the effect of exercise and potential interactions with dorsal root ganglion neurons. Physiol Rep 2022; 10:e15176. [PMID: 35133080 PMCID: PMC8823189 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Sedentary lifestyle, chronic disease, or microgravity can cause muscle deconditioning that then has an impact on other physiological systems. An example is the nervous system, which is adversely affected by decreased physical activity resulting in increased incidence of neurological problems such as chronic pain. We sought to better understand how this might occur by conducting RNA sequencing experiments on muscle biopsies from human volunteers in a 5-week bed-rest study with an exercise intervention arm. We also used a computational method for examining ligand-receptor interactions between muscle and human dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, the latter of which play a key role in nociception and are generators of signals responsible for chronic pain. We identified 1352 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in bed rest subjects without an exercise intervention but only 132 DEGs in subjects with the intervention. Among 591 upregulated muscle genes in the no intervention arm, 26 of these were ligands that have receptors that are expressed by human DRG neurons. We detected a specific splice variant of one of these ligands, placental growth factor (PGF), in deconditioned muscle that binds to neuropilin 1, a receptor that is highly expressed in DRG neurons and known to promote neuropathic pain. We conclude that exercise intervention protects muscle from deconditioning transcriptomic changes, and prevents changes in the expression of ligands that might sensitize DRG neurons, or act on other cell types throughout the body. Our work creates a set of actionable hypotheses to better understand how deconditioned muscle may influence the function of sensory neurons that innervate the entire body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia J. McFarland
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences and Center for Advanced Pain StudiesUniversity of Texas at DallasDallasTexasUSA
| | - Pradipta R. Ray
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences and Center for Advanced Pain StudiesUniversity of Texas at DallasDallasTexasUSA
| | - Salman Bhai
- Institute for Exercise and Environmental MedicineTexas Health Presbyterian Hospital DallasDallasTexasUSA
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at DallasDallasTexasUSA
| | - Benjamin D. Levine
- Institute for Exercise and Environmental MedicineTexas Health Presbyterian Hospital DallasDallasTexasUSA
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at DallasDallasTexasUSA
| | - Theodore J. Price
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences and Center for Advanced Pain StudiesUniversity of Texas at DallasDallasTexasUSA
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Kurdi M, Alshareef A, Bamaga AK, Fadel ZT, Alrawaili MS, Hakamy S, Mohamed F, Abuzinadah AR, Addas BMJ, Butt NS. The Assessment of Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) Class-I Expression in Different Neuromuscular Diseases. Degener Neurol Neuromuscul Dis 2022; 11:61-68. [PMID: 35002356 PMCID: PMC8727622 DOI: 10.2147/dnnd.s340117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class-1 antigen is a glycoprotein expressed in all nucleated cells. The aim of this study was to assess MHC class-I expression in different neuromuscular diseases. Methods The authors reviewed the data of 54 patients with neuromuscular diseases. Anti MHC class-I antibody was performed on the frozen muscle tissues using immunohistochemistry. MHC class-I was scored based on its expression on muscle fibers (0: normal, 1: expression <5 fibers, 2: expression in 5–10 fibers, 3: expression in >10 fibers). The pattern was only assessed in cases with MHC class-I scored 3 as: (1: Sarcocapillary, 2: Sarcocapillary and necrotic fibers, 3: Perifascicular). The relationship between MHC class-I expression and neuromuscular diseases was statistically analyzed. Results The mean age of the patients was 39.1 ± 18.5 years. Around 50% of patients showed normal CK levels and 5% of the cases showed elevated CK levels. There was a significance difference in MHC class-I expression between cases with normal and elevated CK levels when MHC class-I score was 3 (p= 0.020). There was a significant difference in MHC class-I expression among different neuromuscular diseases (p<0.001). All cases with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) have expressed MHC class-I in more than 10 fibers. MHC class-I was expressed in 15 cases of non-IIMs. Conclusion MHC class-I cannot be solely used as a biomarker to distinguish IIMs from non-IIMs. The presence of MHC class-I molecules in non-IIMs might be related to immunoproteasomes mechanism. Further studies, with different muscle proteins expression and genomic sequencing, must be conducted to understand the role of MHC Class-I in neuromuscular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maher Kurdi
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh, Saudi Arabia.,Neuromuscular Unit, Roya Medical Specialized Laboratories, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aysha Alshareef
- Department of Internal Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed K Bamaga
- Neurology Division, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University and Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zahir T Fadel
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Moafaq S Alrawaili
- Department of Internal Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sahar Hakamy
- Neuromuscular Unit, Roya Medical Specialized Laboratories, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fawaz Mohamed
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh, Saudi Arabia.,Neuromuscular Unit, Roya Medical Specialized Laboratories, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad R Abuzinadah
- Department of Internal Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bassam M J Addas
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadeem Shafique Butt
- Department of Family Medicine and Community, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh, Saudi Arabia
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Abstract
Juvenile Dermatomyositis is a rare idiopathic autoimmune and inflammatory myopathy and vasculopathy whose hallmarks are symmetrical proximal muscle weaknesses and a characteristic rash. Only few cases have been reported in West Africa subregion. We present a 14-year old Nigerian girl with clinical and histopathologic features of definitive juvenile dermatomyositis based on EULAR/ACR classification criteria but probable Juvenile dermatomyositis according to Bohan and Peter criteria. The patient had normal aspartate and alanine aminotransferase levels. Creatine kinase, Lactate dehydrogenase and aldolase which are not available in our center could not be evaluated. There was remarkable clinical improvement 3 weeks after the onset of systemic corticosteroid therapy. Our case highlights that relying on these normal enzyme values, especially where muscle biopsy and EMG are not available as is the case in most centers in developing countries, would have resulted in missed diagnosis using Bohan and Peter criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasaki Aliu
- Department of Pediatrics, Gombe State University, Gombe, Nigeria.,Federal Teaching Hospital, Gombe, Nigeria
| | - Lawan Ibrahim Aliyu
- Federal Teaching Hospital, Gombe, Nigeria.,Department of Histopathology, Gombe State University Gombe, Nigeria
| | - Patience Ngozi Obiagwu
- Department of Pediatrics, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria.,Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Lukman Olatoke
- Department of Pediatrics, Gombe State University, Gombe, Nigeria.,Federal Teaching Hospital, Gombe, Nigeria
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Kosmidou M, Papamichail G, Klouras E, Tsamis K, Sarmas I, Rapti I, Milionis H. Trichinosis Imitating an Inflammatory Systematic Disease. Korean J Parasitol 2021; 59:497-499. [PMID: 34724769 PMCID: PMC8561047 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2021.59.5.497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Trichinellosis (trichinosis) is a parasitic infection caused by nematodes of the genus Trichinella. Pigs are the most common source of human infection. We describe a case of a 47-year-old woman presented with a wide range of intermittent symptoms including prolonged fever, dry cough, diarrhea, rash, myalgias and arthralgias. The patient was attended by physicians with various medical specialties such as dermatologists, rheumatologists and allergiologists, but they did not establish a certain diagnosis because of the gradual onset of symptoms, raising the suspicion of a systematic disease. After extensive work up, the diagnosis of trichinosis was established with femoral muscle biopsy compatible with inflammatory myopathy of parasitic etiology with trichinosis to be the predominant diagnosis. Despite the significant delay of diagnosis for almost three months, patient was treated successfully with no further complications. Trichinellosis is a food-borne treatable infection. Preventive measures include community education especially in zones where parasite prevalence is increased, improvement of farming and cooking techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Kosmidou
- First Division of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Georgios Papamichail
- First Division of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Eleftherios Klouras
- First Division of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Tsamis
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Ioannis Sarmas
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Iro Rapti
- First Division of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Haralampos Milionis
- First Division of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece
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Veneruso M, Fiorillo C, Broda P, Baratto S, Traverso M, Donati A, Savasta S, Falsaperla R, Mancardi MM, Pedemonte M, Panicucci C, Piatelli G, Pacetti M, Moscatelli A, Ramenghi LA, Nobili L, Minetti C, Bruno C. The Role of Muscle Biopsy in Diagnostic Process of Infant Hypotonia: From Clinical Classification to the Genetic Outcome. Front Neurol 2021; 12:735488. [PMID: 34675869 PMCID: PMC8523832 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.735488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of muscle biopsy in the diagnostic workup of floppy infants is controversial. Muscle sampling is invasive, and often, results are not specific. The rapid expansion of genetic approach has made the muscle histopathology analysis less crucial. This study aims to assess the role and efficacy of muscle histopathology in the diagnostic algorithm of hypotonia in early infancy through a retrospective analysis of 197 infants who underwent muscle biopsy in their first 18 months of life. Data analysis revealed that 92/197 (46.7%) of muscle biopsies were non-specific (80) or normal (12), not allowing a specific diagnosis. In 41/197 (20.8%) cases, biopsy suggested a metabolic or mitochondrial myopathy, while in 23/197 cases (11.7%), we found evidence of muscular dystrophy. In 19/197 cases (9.7%), histopathology characteristics of a congenital myopathy were reported. In 22/197 cases (11.7%), the histopathological study indicated presence of a neurogenic damage. Overall, 46 diagnoses were then achieved by oriented genetic tests. Muscle biopsy results were consistent with genetic results in 90% of cases. Diagnostic algorithms for the diagnosis of a floppy infant are largely missing. Muscle biopsy alone can lead to a diagnosis, help the clinician in the choice of a genetic test, or even modify a diagnosis made previously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Veneruso
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Chiara Fiorillo
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Paediatric Neurology and Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Paolo Broda
- Paediatric Neurology and Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Serena Baratto
- Center of Translational and Experimental Myology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Monica Traverso
- Paediatric Neurology and Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alice Donati
- Metabolic and Neuromuscular Unit, A. Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Salvatore Savasta
- Pediatric Clinic, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Raffaele Falsaperla
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Marco-Policlinico, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Margherita Mancardi
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Marina Pedemonte
- Paediatric Neurology and Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Chiara Panicucci
- Center of Translational and Experimental Myology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Gianluca Piatelli
- Unit of Neurosurgery, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Mattia Pacetti
- Unit of Neurosurgery, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Andrea Moscatelli
- Neonatal and Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Luca Antonio Ramenghi
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Lino Nobili
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Marco-Policlinico, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Carlo Minetti
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Paediatric Neurology and Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Claudio Bruno
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Center of Translational and Experimental Myology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
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Travis SK, Zwetsloot KA, Mujika I, Stone MH, Bazyler CD. Skeletal Muscle Adaptations and Performance Outcomes Following a Step and Exponential Taper in Strength Athletes. Front Physiol 2021; 12:735932. [PMID: 34777004 PMCID: PMC8582352 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.735932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Before major athletic events, a taper is often prescribed to facilitate recovery and enhance performance. However, it is unknown which taper model is most effective for peaking maximal strength and positively augmenting skeletal muscle. Thus, the purpose of this study was to compare performance outcomes and skeletal muscle adaptations following a step vs. an exponential taper in strength athletes. Sixteen powerlifters (24.0 ± 4.0 years, 174.4 ± 8.2 cm, 89.8 ± 21.4 kg) participated in a 6-week training program aimed at peaking maximal strength on back squat [initial 1-repetition-maximum (1RM): 174.7 ± 33.4 kg], bench press (118.5 ± 29.9 kg), and deadlift (189.9 ± 41.2 kg). Powerlifters were matched based on relative maximal strength, and randomly assigned to either (a) 1-week overreach and 1-week step taper or (b) 1-week overreach and 3-week exponential taper. Athletes were tested pre- and post-training on measures of body composition, jumping performance, isometric squat, and 1RM. Whole muscle size was assessed at the proximal, middle, and distal vastus lateralis using ultrasonography and microbiopsies at the middle vastus lateralis site. Muscle samples (n = 15) were analyzed for fiber size, fiber type [myosin-heavy chain (MHC)-I, -IIA, -IIX, hybrid-I/IIA] using whole muscle immunohistochemistry and single fiber dot blots, gene expression, and microRNA abundance. There were significant main time effects for 1RM squat (p < 0.001), bench press (p < 0.001), and deadlift, (p = 0.024), powerlifting total (p < 0.001), Wilks Score (p < 0.001), squat jump peak-power scaled to body mass (p = 0.001), body mass (p = 0.005), fat mass (p = 0.002), and fat mass index (p = 0.002). There were significant main time effects for medial whole muscle cross-sectional area (mCSA) (p = 0.006) and averaged sites (p < 0.001). There was also a significant interaction for MHC-IIA fiber cross-sectional area (fCSA) (p = 0.014) with post hoc comparisons revealing increases following the step-taper only (p = 0.002). There were significant main time effects for single-fiber MHC-I% (p = 0.015) and MHC-IIA% (p = 0.033), as well as for MyoD (p = 0.002), MyoG (p = 0.037), and miR-499a (p = 0.033). Overall, increases in whole mCSA, fCSA, MHC-IIA fCSA, and MHC transitions appeared to favor the step taper group. An overreach followed by a step taper appears to produce a myocellular environment that enhances skeletal muscle adaptations, whereas an exponential taper may favor neuromuscular performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Kyle Travis
- Exercise and Sport Sciences Laboratory, Department of Sport, Exercise, Recreation, and Kinesiology, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, United States
- Department of Rehabilitative Sciences, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, United States
- Integrative Muscle Physiology Laboratory, Department of Health and Exercise Science, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC, United States
| | - Kevin A. Zwetsloot
- Integrative Muscle Physiology Laboratory, Department of Health and Exercise Science, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC, United States
- Department of Biology, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC, United States
| | - Iñigo Mujika
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain
- Exercise Science Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Finis Terrae, Santiago, Chile
| | - Michael H. Stone
- Exercise and Sport Sciences Laboratory, Department of Sport, Exercise, Recreation, and Kinesiology, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, United States
| | - Caleb D. Bazyler
- Exercise and Sport Sciences Laboratory, Department of Sport, Exercise, Recreation, and Kinesiology, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, United States
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47
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Pinto MV, Laughlin RS, Klein CJ, Mandrekar J, Naddaf E. Inclusion body myositis: correlation of clinical outcomes with histopathology, electromyography and laboratory findings. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2021; 61:2504-2511. [PMID: 34617994 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keab754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether histopathological, electromyographic and laboratory markers correlate with clinical measures in Inclusion Body Myositis (IBM). METHODS We reviewed our electronic medical records to identify patients with IBM according to ENMC 2011 criteria, seen between 2015 and 2020. We only included patients who had a muscle biopsy and needle electromyography (EMG) performed on the same muscle (opposite or same side). We used a detailed grading system (0- normal to 4- severe) to score histopathological and EMG findings. Clinical severity was assessed by the modified Rankin scale (mRS), muscle strength sum score (SSS), quadriceps strength and severity of dysphagia on swallow evaluation. Serum markers of interest were creatine kinase level, and cN-1A antibodies. RESULTS We included 50 IBM patients, with a median age of 69 years; 64% were males. Median disease duration at diagnosis was 51 months. On muscle biopsy, endomysial inflammation mainly correlated with dysphagia, and inversely correlated with mRS. Vacuoles and congophilic inclusions did not correlate with any of the clinical measures. On EMG, the shortness of motor unit potential (MUP) duration correlated with all clinical measures. Myotonic discharges, and not fibrillation potentials, correlated with the severity of inflammation. Serum markers did not have a statistically-significant correlation with any of the clinical measures. CONCLUSIONS Dysphagia was the main clinical feature of IBM correlating with endomysial inflammation. Otherwise, inclusion body myositis clinical measures had limited correlation with histopathological features in this study. The shortness of MUP duration correlated with all clinical measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus V Pinto
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | | | - Jay Mandrekar
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Elie Naddaf
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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Castilho VARD, Komiyama CM, Burbarelli MFC, Fernandes ARM, Garcia RG, Barbosa DK, Przybulinski BB, Serpa FC, Valentim JK, Leonardo RL. Techniques for in vivo assessment of myopathies in broiler chicken breasts using a biopsy as a support tool. Avian Pathol 2021; 50:477-489. [PMID: 34463592 DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2021.1970107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
An experiment was conducted to validate non-invasive evaluation techniques as in vivo evaluation tools for the myopathies wooden breast and white striping that affect broilers, using biopsy as a support tool. It evaluated 30 Cobb 500® broiler chickens in a completely randomized design consisting of two sexes (males and females) and 15 replications per treatment. At 14, 21, 35, 42 and 49 days, the surface temperature of the birds' breasts was recorded using infrared thermography, analysis of fillet depth, and echogenicity by ultrasound imaging. All broiler chickens were sent for biopsy at 21, 35 and 42 days to collect a fragment of the pectoral muscle for descriptive morphological analyses of histological lesions and muscle fibre morphometry. Males had higher echogenicity values at 14, 21 and 42 days. There was no influence of bird sex on the occurrence of the wooden breast and white striping myopathies at 49 days of age in broilers selected and submitted to the biopsy protocol. There was a general trend of decreasing surface temperature for both sexes according to their age. Muscles with less area occupied with fibres had a lower surface temperature. It was concluded that ultrasonography with a 3.5 MHz transducer detects muscle changes after 28 days of age, which is consistent with the myopathic lesions studied. Infrared thermography is a potential method for detecting changes in breast temperature indicating myopathic lesions. A biopsy can be used as an auxiliary tool in the study of myopathies in broiler chicken breasts.RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS Detection of changes in the breast muscle after 28 days of age with ultrasonography.Changes in the surface temperature range of pectoral muscle with infrared thermography.Use of biopsy as a tool for early diagnostic evaluation in broiler myopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Claudia Marie Komiyama
- Animal Science Postgraduate Program, Federal University of Grande Dourados (UFGD), Dourados, Brazil
| | | | | | - Rodrigo Garófallo Garcia
- Animal Science Postgraduate Program, Federal University of Grande Dourados (UFGD), Dourados, Brazil
| | - Deivid Kelly Barbosa
- Animal Science Postgraduate Program, Federal University of Grande Dourados (UFGD), Dourados, Brazil
| | | | - Felipe Cardoso Serpa
- Animal Science Postgraduate Program, Federal University of Grande Dourados (UFGD), Dourados, Brazil
| | - Jean Kaique Valentim
- Animal Science Postgraduate Program, Federal University of Grande Dourados (UFGD), Dourados, Brazil
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49
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Fornaro M, Girolamo F, Cavagna L, Franceschini F, Giannini M, Amati A, Lia A, Tampoia M, D'Abbicco D, Maggi L, Fredi M, Zanframundo G, Moschetti L, Coladonato L, Iannone F. Severe muscle damage with myofiber necrosis and macrophage infiltrates characterize anti-Mi2 positive dermatomyositis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2021; 60:2916-2926. [PMID: 33249503 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keaa739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of our study was to investigate clinical and histopathological findings in adult DM patients positive for anti-Mi2 (anti-Mi2+) antibodies compared with DM patients negative for anti-Mi2 (anti-Mi2-). METHODS Clinical data of adult DM patients, who fulfilled EULAR/ACR 2017 classification criteria, were gathered from electronic medical records of three tertiary Rheumatology Units. Histopathological study was carried out on 12 anti-Mi2+ and 14 anti-Mi2- muscle biopsies performed for diagnostic purpose. Nine biopsies from immune mediated necrotizing myopathy (IMNM) patients were used as control group. RESULTS Twenty-two anti-Mi2+ DM [90.9% female, mean age 56.5 (15.7) years] were compared with 69 anti-Mi2- DM patients [71% female, mean age 52.4 (17) years]. Anti-Mi2+ patients presented higher levels of serum muscle enzymes than anti-Mi2- patients [median (IQR) creatine-kinase fold increment: 16 (7-37)vs 3.5 (1-9.9), P <0.001] before treatment initiation. Moreover, a trend towards less pulmonary involvement was detected in anti-Mi2+ DM (9.1% vs 30.4%, P =0.05), without any case of rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease. At muscle histology, anti-Mi2+ patients showed more necrotic/degenerative fibres than anti-Mi2- patients [mean 5.3% (5) vs 0.8% (1), P <0.01], but similar to IMNM [5.9% (6), P >0.05]. In addition, the endomysial macrophage score was similar between anti-Mi2+ and IMNM patients [mean 1.2 (0.9) vs 1.3 (0.5), P >0.05], whereas lower macrophage infiltration was found in anti-Mi2- DM [mean 0.4 (0.5), <0.01]. CONCLUSIONS Anti-Mi2+ patients represent a specific DM subset with high muscle damage. Histological hallmarks were a higher prevalence of myofiber necrosis, endomysial involvement and macrophage infiltrates at muscle biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Fornaro
- Unit of Rheumatology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Girolamo
- Unit of Human Anatomy and Histology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, Bari, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Cavagna
- Rheumatology Division, University and IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Franco Franceschini
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, ASST Spedali Civili and University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Margherita Giannini
- Unit of Rheumatology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Bari, Italy.,Service de Physiologie, Unité d'Explorations Fonctionnelles Musculaires, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Angela Amati
- Unit of Neurophysiopathology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Anna Lia
- Unit of Neurophysiopathology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Marilina Tampoia
- Clinical Pathology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University 'Aldo Moro' of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Dario D'Abbicco
- Institute of General Surgery 'G Marinaccio', Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Maggi
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Micaela Fredi
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, ASST Spedali Civili and University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Zanframundo
- Rheumatology Division, University and IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Liala Moschetti
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, ASST Spedali Civili and University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Laura Coladonato
- Unit of Rheumatology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Florenzo Iannone
- Unit of Rheumatology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
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50
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Tolomeo D, Orsucci D, Nesti C, Baldacci J, Battini R, Bruno C, Bruno G, Cassandrini D, Doccini S, Donati MA, Ferrari A, Fiori S, Fiorillo C, Guerrini R, Mari F, Montomoli M, Pochiero F, Procopio E, Ruggiero L, Sampaolo S, Sicca F, Ticci C, Rubegni A, Santorelli FM. The Diagnostic Approach to Mitochondrial Disorders in Children in the Era of Next-Generation Sequencing: A 4-Year Cohort Study. J Clin Med 2021; 10:3222. [PMID: 34362006 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10153222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial diseases (MDs) are a large group of genetically determined multisystem disorders, characterized by extreme phenotypic heterogeneity, attributable in part to the dual genomic control (nuclear and mitochondrial DNA) of the mitochondrial proteome. Advances in next-generation sequencing technologies over the past two decades have presented clinicians with a challenge: to select the candidate disease-causing variants among the huge number of data provided. Unfortunately, the clinical tools available to support genetic interpretations still lack specificity and sensitivity. For this reason, the diagnosis of MDs continues to be difficult, with the new “genotype first” approach still failing to diagnose a large group of patients. With the aim of investigating possible relationships between clinical and/or biochemical phenotypes and definitive molecular diagnoses, we performed a retrospective multicenter study of 111 pediatric patients with clinical suspicion of MD. In this cohort, the strongest predictor of a molecular (in particular an mtDNA-related) diagnosis of MD was neuroimaging evidence of basal ganglia (BG) involvement. Regression analysis confirmed that normal BG imaging predicted negative genetic studies for MD. Psychomotor regression was confirmed as an independent predictor of a definitive diagnosis of MD. The findings of this study corroborate previous data supporting a role for neuroimaging in the diagnostic approach to MDs and reinforce the idea that mtDNA sequencing should be considered for first-line testing, at least in specific groups of children.
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