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Tedesco B, Vendredy L, Timmerman V, Poletti A. The chaperone-assisted selective autophagy complex dynamics and dysfunctions. Autophagy 2023:1-23. [PMID: 36594740 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2022.2160564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Each protein must be synthesized with the correct amino acid sequence, folded into its native structure, and transported to a relevant subcellular location and protein complex. If any of these steps fail, the cell has the capacity to break down aberrant proteins to maintain protein homeostasis (also called proteostasis). All cells possess a set of well-characterized protein quality control systems to minimize protein misfolding and the damage it might cause. Autophagy, a conserved pathway for the degradation of long-lived proteins, aggregates, and damaged organelles, was initially characterized as a bulk degradation pathway. However, it is now clear that autophagy also contributes to intracellular homeostasis by selectively degrading cargo material. One of the pathways involved in the selective removal of damaged and misfolded proteins is chaperone-assisted selective autophagy (CASA). The CASA complex is composed of three main proteins (HSPA, HSPB8 and BAG3), essential to maintain protein homeostasis in muscle and neuronal cells. A failure in the CASA complex, caused by mutations in the respective coding genes, can lead to (cardio)myopathies and neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we summarize our current understanding of the CASA complex and its dynamics. We also briefly discuss how CASA complex proteins are involved in disease and may represent an interesting therapeutic target.Abbreviation ALP: autophagy lysosomal pathway; ALS: amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; AMOTL1: angiomotin like 1; ARP2/3: actin related protein 2/3; BAG: BAG cochaperone; BAG3: BAG cochaperone 3; CASA: chaperone-assisted selective autophagy; CMA: chaperone-mediated autophagy; DNAJ/HSP40: DnaJ heat shock protein family (Hsp40); DRiPs: defective ribosomal products; EIF2A/eIF2α: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A; EIF2AK1/HRI: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 1; GABARAP: GABA type A receptor-associated protein; HDAC6: histone deacetylase 6; HSP: heat shock protein; HSPA/HSP70: heat shock protein family A (Hsp70); HSP90: heat shock protein 90; HSPB8: heat shock protein family B (small) member 8; IPV: isoleucine-proline-valine; ISR: integrated stress response; KEAP1: kelch like ECH associated protein 1; LAMP2A: lysosomal associated membrane protein 2A; LATS1: large tumor suppressor kinase 1; LIR: LC3-interacting region; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3; MTOC: microtubule organizing center; MTOR: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase; NFKB/NF-κB: nuclear factor kappa B; NFE2L2: NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2; PLCG/PLCγ: phospholipase C gamma; polyQ: polyglutamine; PQC: protein quality control; PxxP: proline-rich; RAN translation: repeat-associated non-AUG translation; SG: stress granule; SOD1: superoxide dismutase 1; SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1; STUB1/CHIP: STIP1 homology and U-box containing protein 1; STK: serine/threonine kinase; SYNPO: synaptopodin; TBP: TATA-box binding protein; TARDBP/TDP-43: TAR DNA binding protein; TFEB: transcription factor EB; TPR: tetratricopeptide repeats; TSC1: TSC complex subunit 1; UBA: ubiquitin associated; UPS: ubiquitin-proteasome system; WW: tryptophan-tryptophan; WWTR1: WW domain containing transcription regulator 1; YAP1: Yes1 associated transcriptional regulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Tedesco
- Laboratory of Experimental Biology, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2018-2027, Università degli studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Leen Vendredy
- Peripheral Neuropathy Research Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute Born Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Vincent Timmerman
- Peripheral Neuropathy Research Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute Born Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Angelo Poletti
- Laboratory of Experimental Biology, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2018-2027, Università degli studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Wide Spectrum of Cardiac Phenotype in Myofibrillar Myopathy Associated With a Bcl-2-Associated Athanogene 3 Mutation: A Case Report and Literature Review. J Clin Neuromuscul Dis 2022; 24:49-54. [PMID: 36005473 DOI: 10.1097/cnd.0000000000000392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Myofibrillar myopathy is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of muscle disorders characterized by myofibrillar degeneration. Bcl-2-associated athanogene 3 (BAG3)-related myopathy is the rarest form of myofibrillar myopathy. Patients with BAG3-related myopathy present with early-onset and progressive muscle weakness, rigid spine, respiratory insufficiency, and cardiomyopathy. Notably, the heterozygous mutation (Pro209Leu) in BAG3 is commonly associated with rapidly progressive cardiomyopathy in childhood. We describe a male patient with the BAG3 (Pro209Leu) mutation. The patient presented at age 7 years with muscle weakness predominantly in the proximal lower limbs. Histologic findings revealed a mixture of severe neurogenic and myogenic changes. His motor symptoms progressed rapidly in the next decade, becoming wheelchair-dependent by age 17 years; however, at the age of 19 years, cardiomyopathy was not evident. This study reports a case of BAG3-related myopathy without cardiac involvement and further confirmed the wide phenotypic spectrum of BAG3-related myopathy.
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Ahmed S, Malalla H, Busehail M. A Case Report of Two Bahraini Siblings Presenting with Different Rare Neurogenetic Disorders: Congenital Insensitivity to Pain with Anhidrosis and Rigid Spine Muscular Dystrophy. JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC NEUROLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1745809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
AbstractCongenital insensitivity to pain and anhidrosis (CIPA) is a rare autosomal recessive disease and can pose a diagnostic challenge, as the initial presentation of the disease is varied and can be attributed to different causes. Muscular dystrophies are genetically and clinically heterogeneous. We describe a 2-year-old Bahraini boy who was evaluated in the neonatal period for pyrexia of unknown origin, and then noticed to have recurrent respiratory and gastrointestinal infections during infancy and abnormal behavior (self-mutilation). Whole-exome sequencing identified homozygous pathogenic variant in the NTRK1 gene. His 4 years old sister was followed by the pediatric neurology team for unexplained fluctuating muscle weakness since the age of 2 years. A genetic etiology was suspected in her case, in view of positive family history with similar presentation and the whole-exome sequencing revealed homozygous likely pathogenic variant in the SELENON gene, consistent with a genetic diagnosis of autosomal recessive disorders associated with SELENON gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suha Ahmed
- Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Husain Malalla
- Pediatric Department, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Mariam Busehail
- Pediatric Department, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Manama, Bahrain
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Zhan L, Lv L, Chen X, Xu X, Ni J. Ultrasound evaluation of diaphragm motion in BAG-3 myofibrillar myopathy: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e28484. [PMID: 35029900 PMCID: PMC8735720 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000028484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Mutations in Bcl-2-associated athanogene-3 (BAG-3) can cause a rare subtype of myofibrillar myopathies (MFMs), characterized by progressive muscle weakness, cardiomyopathy, and severe respiratory insufficiency in childhood. Little is known about diaphragmatic function in BAG-3 MFM. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of detailed evaluation of diaphragmatic function with ultrasound in BAG-3 MFM. PATIENT CONCERN We describe the case of a 15-year-old girl who complained of fever and shortness of breath. Diaphragmatic sonography revealed bilateral diaphragmatic paralysis. Shortness of breath progressed to respiratory failure approximately 3 months later. DIAGNOSIS A neurologist was consulted and genetic sequencing identified a p.Pro209Leu mutation in BAG-3, yielding diagnosis of BAG-3 MFM leading to bilateral diaphragmatic paralysis. INTERVENTIONS Respiratory muscle training and long-term mechanical ventilation. OUTCOMES It is quite unfortunate for this patient to have a poor prognosis due to the lack of effective treatment for this genetic disorder. LESSONS This case provides more clinical information for this rare disease which may cause severe diaphragm pathological damage leading to respiratory failure in BAG3 MFM and a future study with a systematic evaluation of a greater number of patients will be necessary to characterize this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqiong Zhan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lan Lv
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xinyuan Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiang Xu
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jun Ni
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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Lin H, Koren SA, Cvetojevic G, Girardi P, Johnson GV. The role of BAG3 in health and disease: A "Magic BAG of Tricks". J Cell Biochem 2022; 123:4-21. [PMID: 33987872 PMCID: PMC8590707 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The multi-domain structure of Bcl-2-associated athanogene 3 (BAG3) facilitates its interaction with many different proteins that participate in regulating a variety of biological pathways. After revisiting the BAG3 literature published over the past ten years with Citespace software, we classified the BAG3 research into several clusters, including cancer, cardiomyopathy, neurodegeneration, and viral propagation. We then highlighted recent key findings in each cluster. To gain greater insight into the roles of BAG3, we analyzed five different published mass spectrometry data sets of proteins that co-immunoprecipitate with BAG3. These data gave us insight into universal, as well as cell-type-specific BAG3 interactors in cancer cells, cardiomyocytes, and neurons. Finally, we mapped variable BAG3 SNPs and also mutation data from previous publications to further explore the link between the domains and function of BAG3. We believe this review will provide a better understanding of BAG3 and direct future studies towards understanding BAG3 function in physiological and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester NY 14642 USA
| | - Shon A. Koren
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester NY 14642 USA
| | - Gregor Cvetojevic
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester NY 14642 USA
| | - Peter Girardi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester NY 14642 USA
| | - Gail V.W. Johnson
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester NY 14642 USA
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BAG3 Myopathy Presenting With Prominent Neuropathic Phenotype and No Cardiac or Respiratory Involvement: A Case Report and Literature Review. J Clin Neuromuscul Dis 2021; 21:230-239. [PMID: 32453099 DOI: 10.1097/cnd.0000000000000300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Bcl-2-associated athanogene 3 (BAG3) myopathy is a rare myofibrillar myopathy characterized by toe walking and clumsiness in the first decade with rapid progression to cardiomyopathy and restrictive lung disease in the second decade. Most patients (18 patients) have the c.626C >T (p.Pro209Leu) mutation. We describe BAG3 myopathy due to p.Pro209Leu in a 13-year-old girl with initial prominent neuropathic phenotype and no cardiac or respiratory involvement. Parents reported toe walking and clumsiness since 3 years old. Examination at the age of 13 years showed findings suggestive of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. Nerve conduction studies revealed demyelinating polyneuropathy. Next-generation sequencing panel for inherited neuropathies was unrevealing. Whole exome sequencing identified a de novo mutation in BAG3. Muscle biopsy confirmed myofibrillar myopathy. No cardiac involvement or symptoms of respiratory involvement at the age of 14 years. This case emphasizes the phenotypic variability of BAG3 myopathy and the importance of thorough electrophysiological examination and muscle pathology for establishing a precise diagnosis.
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Luo YB, Peng Y, Lu Y, Li Q, Duan H, Bi F, Yang H. Expanding the Clinico-Genetic Spectrum of Myofibrillar Myopathy: Experience From a Chinese Neuromuscular Center. Front Neurol 2020; 11:1014. [PMID: 33041974 PMCID: PMC7522348 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.01014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Myofibrillar myopathy is a group of hereditary neuromuscular disorders characterized by dissolution of myofibrils and abnormal intracellular accumulation of Z disc-related proteins. We aimed to characterize the clinical, physiological, pathohistological, and genetic features of Chinese myofibrillar myopathy patients from a single neuromuscular center. Methods: A total of 18 patients were enrolled. Demographic and clinical data were collected. Laboratory investigations, electromyography, and cardiac evaluation was performed. Routine and immunohistochemistry stainings against desmin, αB-crystallin, and BAG3 of muscle specimen were carried out. Finally, next-generation sequencing panel array for genes associated with hereditary neuromuscular disorders were performed. Results: Twelve pathogenic variants in DES, BAG3, FLNC, FHL1, and TTN were identified, of which seven were novel mutations. The novel DES c.1256C>T substitution is a high frequency mutation. The combined recessively/dominantly transmitted c.19993G>T and c.107545delG mutations in TTN gene cause a limb girdle muscular dystrophy phenotype with the classical myofibrillar myopathy histological changes. Conclusions: We report for the first time that hereditary myopathy with early respiratory failure patient can have peripheral nerve and severe spine involvement. The mutation in Ig-like domain 16 of FLNC is associated with the limb girdle type of filaminopathy, and the mutation in Ig-like domain 18 with distal myopathy type. These findings expand the phenotypic and genotypic correlation spectrum of myofibrillar myopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Bei Luo
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Yuyao Peng
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Yuling Lu
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Qiuxiang Li
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Huiqian Duan
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Fangfang Bi
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Huan Yang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South Hospital, Changsha, China
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8
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A family with adult-onset myofibrillar myopathy with BAG3 mutation (P470S) presenting with axonal polyneuropathy. Neuromuscul Disord 2020; 30:727-731. [PMID: 32859500 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2020.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We report a family with adult-onset myofibrillar myopathy with BAG3 mutation who presented peroneal weakness and axonal polyneuropathy, mimicking axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. The male proband noticed difficulty in tiptoeing at age 34. At age 42, the examination showed muscle weakness and atrophy in distal lower extremities with diminished patellar and Achilles tendon reflexes. Thermal and vibration sensations were also impaired in both feet. The serum CK level was 659 U/L. On muscle imaging, predominant semitendinosus muscle atrophy coexisted with atrophies in the quadriceps, gastrocnemius and lumbar paraspinal muscles. The muscle biopsy showed myofibrillar myopathy with fiber type grouping. His 68-year-old mother also had suffered from distal leg weakness and sensory impairment since her forties. A heterozygous mutation in BAG3 (P470S) was identified in both patients. Clinical features of myofibrillar myopathy with axonal polyneuropathy were consistent with BAG3-related myopathy. Our patients showed remarkably mild presentations without cardiomyopathy, unlike the majorities of previously reported cases.
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9
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Neuromuscular Diseases Due to Chaperone Mutations: A Review and Some New Results. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041409. [PMID: 32093037 PMCID: PMC7073051 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle and the nervous system depend on efficient protein quality control, and they express chaperones and cochaperones at high levels to maintain protein homeostasis. Mutations in many of these proteins cause neuromuscular diseases, myopathies, and hereditary motor and sensorimotor neuropathies. In this review, we cover mutations in DNAJB6, DNAJB2, αB-crystallin (CRYAB, HSPB5), HSPB1, HSPB3, HSPB8, and BAG3, and discuss the molecular mechanisms by which they cause neuromuscular disease. In addition, previously unpublished results are presented, showing downstream effects of BAG3 p.P209L on DNAJB6 turnover and localization.
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Robertson R, Conte TC, Dicaire MJ, Rymar VV, Sadikot AF, Bryson-Richardson RJ, Lavoie JN, O'Ferrall E, Young JC, Brais B. BAG3 P215L/KO Mice as a Model of BAG3 P209L Myofibrillar Myopathy. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2020; 190:554-562. [PMID: 31953038 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2019.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BCL-2-associated athanogene 3 (BAG3) is a co-chaperone to heat shock proteins important in degrading misfolded proteins through chaperone-assisted selective autophagy. The recurrent dominant BAG3-P209L mutation results in a severe childhood-onset myofibrillar myopathy (MFM) associated with progressive muscle weakness, cardiomyopathy, and respiratory failure. Because a homozygous knock-in (KI) strain for the mP215L mutation homologous to the human P209L mutation did not have a gross phenotype, compound heterozygote knockout (KO) and KI mP215L mice were generated to establish whether further reduction in BAG3 expression would lead to a phenotype. The KI/KO mice have a significant decrease in voluntary movement compared with wild-type and KI/KI mice in the open field starting at 7 months. The KI/KI and KI/KO mice both have significantly smaller muscle fiber cross-sectional area. However, only the KI/KO mice have clear skeletal muscle histologic changes in MFM. As in patient muscle, there are increased levels of BAG3-interacting proteins, such as p62, heat shock protein B8, and αB-crystallin. The KI/KO mP215L strain is the first murine model of BAG3 myopathy that resembles the human skeletal muscle pathologic features. The results support the hypothesis that the pathologic development of MFM requires a significant decrease in BAG3 protein level and not only a gain of function caused by the dominant missense mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Robertson
- Neurogenetics of Motion Laboratory, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Talita C Conte
- Neurogenetics of Motion Laboratory, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marie-Josée Dicaire
- Neurogenetics of Motion Laboratory, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Vladimir V Rymar
- Cone Laboratory, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Abbas F Sadikot
- Cone Laboratory, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Josée N Lavoie
- Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer, l'Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada; Oncology Axis, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU), Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada; Département de Biologie Moléculaire, Biochimie Médicale et Pathologie, l'Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Erin O'Ferrall
- Rare Neurological Diseases Group, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jason C Young
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Bernard Brais
- Neurogenetics of Motion Laboratory, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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11
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Fu J, Ma M, Song J, Pang M, Li G, Zhang J. BAG3 p.Pro209Ser mutation identified in a Chinese family with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. J Neurol 2019; 267:1080-1085. [PMID: 31853710 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-019-09680-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Bcl2-associated athanogene 3 (BAG3) gene mutations cause dilated cardiomyopathy and myofibrillar myopathy. Recently, a novel c.625C>T (p.Pro209Ser) mutation in BAG3 was reported to cause axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease in three families. Here, we describe two patients with adult-onset and moderate CMT in a Chinese family. Nerve conduction velocity studies revealed an axonal sensorimotor neuropathy, which was supported by sural nerve biopsy. Lower limb magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed fatty infiltration more severe in the soleus and deep posterior compartment muscles than in the medial gastrocnemius and anterior compartment muscles. Whole exome sequencing identified the same c.625C>T (p.Pro209Ser) mutation in BAG3, which co-segregated with the CMT disease in this family. This study further enforces the association between BAG3 gene and CMT disease, indicating that BAG3 should be considered in the genetic testing for CMT. The p.Pro209Ser mutation with different ethnic origins might be another hotspot mutation of BAG3. MRI is helpful to detect accurate extent of muscle involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Fu
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Henan University, No. 7, Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Mingming Ma
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Henan University, No. 7, Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Jia Song
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Henan University, No. 7, Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Mi Pang
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Henan University, No. 7, Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Henan University, No. 7, Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Jiewen Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Henan University, No. 7, Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China.
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Fischer N, Preuße C, Radke J, Pehl D, Allenbach Y, Schneider U, Feist E, von Casteleyn V, Hahn K, Ruck T, Meuth SG, Goebel HH, Graf R, Mammen A, Benveniste O, Stenzel W. Sequestosome-1 (p62) expression reveals chaperone-assisted selective autophagy in immune-mediated necrotizing myopathies. Brain Pathol 2019; 30:261-271. [PMID: 31376301 PMCID: PMC8018061 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.12772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffuse myofiber necrosis in the context of inflammatory myopathy is the hallmark of immune‐mediated necrotizing myopathy (IMNM). We have previously shown that skeletal muscle fibers of IMNM patients may display nonrimmed vacuoles and sarcoplasmic irregularities. The dysfunctional chaperone activity has been linked to the defective assembly of skeletal muscle proteins and their degradation via lysosomes, autophagy and the proteasomal machinery. This study was undertaken to highlight a chaperone‐assisted selective autophagy (CASA) pathway, functionally involved in protein homeostasis, cell stress and the immune response in skeletal muscle of IMNM patients. Skeletal muscle biopsies from 54 IMNM patients were analyzed by immunostaining, as well as by qPCR. Eight biopsies of sIBM patients served as pathological controls, and eight biopsies of nondisease control subjects were included. Alteration of autophagy was detectable in all IMNM biopsy samples highlighted via a diffuse sarcoplasmic staining pattern by p62 and LC3 independent of vacuoles. This pattern was at variance with the coarse focal staining pattern mostly confined to rimmed vacuoles in sIBM. Colocalization of p62 with the chaperone proteins HSP70 and αB‐crystalline points to the specific targeting of misfolded proteins to the CASA machinery. Bcl2‐associated athanogene 3 (BAG3) positivity of these fibers emphasizes the selectivity of autophagy processes and these fibers also express MHC class I sarcolemma. Expression of genes involved in autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathways studied here is significantly upregulated in IMNM. We highlight that vacuoles without sarcolemmal features may arise in IMNM muscle biopsies, and they must not be confounded with sIBM‐specific vacuoles. Further, we show the activation of selective autophagy and emphasize the role of chaperones in this context. CASA occurs in IMNM muscle, and specific molecular pathways of autophagy differ from the ones in sIBM, with p62 as a unique identifier of this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norina Fischer
- Department of Neuropathology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Corinna Preuße
- Department of Neuropathology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Josefine Radke
- Department of Neuropathology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Debora Pehl
- Oxford University Hospitals Foundation Trust, Neuropathology & Ocular Pathology Department, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Yves Allenbach
- Assistance Public-Hôpitaux de Paris, Sorbonne-Université, INSERM, UMR974, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Udo Schneider
- Department of Rheumatology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Eugen Feist
- Department of Rheumatology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Vincent von Casteleyn
- Department of Rheumatology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Katrin Hahn
- Department of Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias Ruck
- Department of Neurology with Institute for Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Sven G Meuth
- Department of Neurology with Institute for Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Hans-Hilmar Goebel
- Department of Neuropathology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Rose Graf
- National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Building 50, Room 1505, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Andrew Mammen
- National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Building 50, Room 1505, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Olivier Benveniste
- Assistance Public-Hôpitaux de Paris, Sorbonne-Université, INSERM, UMR974, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Werner Stenzel
- Department of Neuropathology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany.,Leibniz ScienceCampus Chronic Inflammation, Berlin, Germany
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Kim SJ, Nam SH, Kanwal S, Nam DE, Yoo DH, Chae JH, Suh YL, Chung KW, Choi BO. BAG3 mutation in a patient with atypical phenotypes of myofibrillar myopathy and Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. Genes Genomics 2018; 40:1269-1277. [PMID: 30145633 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-018-0721-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Bcl2-associated athanogene 3 (BAG3) mutations have been reported to cause the myofibrillar myopathy (MFM) which shows progressive limb muscle weakness, respiratory failure, and cardiomyopathy. Myopathy patients with BAG3 mutation are very rare. We described a patient showing atypical phenotypes. We aimed to find the genetic cause of Korean patients with sensory motor polyneuropathy, myopathy and rigid spine. We performed whole exome sequencing (WES) with 423 patients with sensory motor polyneuropathy. We found BAG3 mutation in one patient with neuropathy, myopathy and rigid spine syndrome, and performed electrophysiological study, whole body MRI and muscle biopsy on the patient. A de novo heterozygous p.Pro209Leu (c.626C>T) mutation in BAG3 was identified in a female myopathy. She first noticed a gait disturbance and spinal rigidity at the age of 11, and serum creatine kinase levels were elevated ninefolds than normal. She showed an axonal sensory-motor polyneuropathy like Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT), myopathy, rigid spine and respiratory dysfunction; however, she did not show any cardiomyopathy, which is a common symptom in BAG3 mutation. Lower limb MRI and whole spine MRI showed bilateral symmetric fatty atrophy of muscles at the lower limb and paraspinal muscles. When we track traceable MRI 1 year later, the muscle damage progressed slowly. As far as our knowledge, this is the first Korean patient with BAG3 mutation. We described a BAG3 mutation patient with atypical phenotype of CMT and myopathy, and those are expected to broaden the clinical spectrum of the disease and help to diagnose it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Ju Kim
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, South Korea
| | - Soo Hyun Nam
- Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Institute, Samsung Medical Center, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, South Korea
| | - Sumaira Kanwal
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Sahiwal, Pakistan
| | - Da Eun Nam
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kongju National University, 56 Gonjudaehak-ro, Gongju, 32588, South Korea
| | - Da Hye Yoo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kongju National University, 56 Gonjudaehak-ro, Gongju, 32588, South Korea
| | - Jong-Hee Chae
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Yeon-Lim Suh
- Department of Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, South Korea
| | - Ki Wha Chung
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kongju National University, 56 Gonjudaehak-ro, Gongju, 32588, South Korea.
| | - Byung-Ok Choi
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, South Korea. .,Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Institute, Samsung Medical Center, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, South Korea.
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