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Javier AJS, Kennedy FM, Yi X, Wehling-Henricks M, Tidball JG, White KE, Witczak CA, Kuro-O M, Welc SS. Klotho Is Cardioprotective in the mdx Mouse Model of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2025; 195:923-940. [PMID: 39889824 PMCID: PMC12016860 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2024.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2024] [Revised: 12/18/2024] [Accepted: 12/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2025]
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a lethal, progressive skeletal and cardiac myopathy. Cardiomyopathy is the leading cause of death in patients with DMD, but the molecular basis for heart failure is incompletely understood. As with humans, in the mdx mouse model of DMD, cardiac function is impaired after the onset of skeletal muscle pathology. Dysregulation of Klotho gene regulation in dystrophic skeletal muscles occurs at disease onset, affecting pathogenesis. Whether Klotho is protective against dystrophin-deficient cardiomyopathy is unknown. This study found that expression of a Klotho transgene prevented deficits in left ventricular ejection fraction and fractional shortening in mdx mice. Improvements in cardiac performance were associated with reductions in adverse cardiac remodeling, cardiac myocyte hypertrophy, and fibrosis. In addition, mdx mice expressed high concentrations of plasma fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), and expression was increased locally in hearts. The cardioprotective effects of Klotho were not associated with differences in renal function or serum biochemistries, but transgene expression prevented increased expression of plasma FGF23 and cardiac Fgf23 mRNA expression. Cardiac reactive oxygen species, oxidative damage, mitochondrial damage, and apoptosis were reduced in transgenic hearts. FGF23 stimulated hypertrophic growth in dystrophic neonatal mouse ventricular myocytes in vitro, which was inhibited by co-stimulation with soluble Klotho. Taken together, these results show that Klotho prevented dystrophic cardiac remodeling and improved function.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Klotho Proteins
- Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/metabolism
- Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/physiopathology
- Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/pathology
- Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/complications
- Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/genetics
- Glucuronidase/metabolism
- Glucuronidase/genetics
- Fibroblast Growth Factor-23
- Fibroblast Growth Factors/metabolism
- Fibroblast Growth Factors/blood
- Fibroblast Growth Factors/genetics
- Mice, Inbred mdx
- Disease Models, Animal
- Mice
- Cardiomyopathies/pathology
- Cardiomyopathies/metabolism
- Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism
- Myocytes, Cardiac/pathology
- Mice, Transgenic
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Male
- Apoptosis
- Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
- Fibrosis
- Humans
- Myocardium/pathology
- Myocardium/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Areli Jannes S Javier
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Felicia M Kennedy
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Xin Yi
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | | | - James G Tidball
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, California; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Kenneth E White
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Carol A Witczak
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana; Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Makoto Kuro-O
- Division of Anti-Aging Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Steven S Welc
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana; Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.
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2
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Wang T, Chen S, Zhou D, Hong Z. Exploring receptors for pro-resolving and non-pro-resolving mediators as therapeutic targets for sarcopenia. Metabolism 2025; 165:156148. [PMID: 39892864 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2025.156148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2024] [Revised: 01/01/2025] [Accepted: 01/27/2025] [Indexed: 02/04/2025]
Abstract
Sarcopenia is defined by a reduction in both muscle strength and mass. Sarcopenia may be an inevitable component of the aging process, but it may also be accelerated by comorbidities and metabolic derangements. The underlying mechanisms contributing to these pathological changes remain poorly understood. We propose that chronic inflammation-mediated networks and metabolic defects that exacerbate muscle dysfunction are critical factors in sarcopenia and related diseases. Consequently, utilizing specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) that function through specific G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) may offer effective therapeutic options for these disorders. However, challenges such as a limited understanding of SPM/receptor signaling pathways, rapid inactivation of SPMs, and the complexities of SPM synthesis impede their practical application. In this context, stable small-molecule SPM mimetics and receptor agonists present promising alternatives. Moreover, the aged adipose-skeletal axis may contribute to this process. Activating non-SPM GPCRs on adipocytes, immune cells, and muscle cells under conditions of systemic, chronic, low-grade inflammation (SCLGI) could help alleviate inflammation and metabolic dysfunction. Recent preclinical studies indicate that both SPM GPCRs and non-SPM GPCRs can mitigate symptoms of aging-related diseases such as obesity and diabetes, which are driven by chronic inflammation and metabolic disturbances. These findings suggest that targeting these receptors could provide a novel strategy for addressing various chronic inflammatory conditions, including sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Wang
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurology and Disease, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Sihan Chen
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Dong Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurology and Disease, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhen Hong
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurology and Disease, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Institute of Brain Science and Brain-inspired Technology of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Department of Neurology, Chengdu Shangjin Nanfu Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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3
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Versari I, Bavelloni A, Traversari M, Burattini S, Battistelli M, Gobbi P, Faenza I, Salucci S. Functional Foods, a Hope to Delay Muscle Dystrophy Progression: A Potential Role for Omega Fatty Acids. Nutrients 2025; 17:1039. [PMID: 40292516 PMCID: PMC11944369 DOI: 10.3390/nu17061039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2025] [Revised: 03/11/2025] [Accepted: 03/14/2025] [Indexed: 04/30/2025] Open
Abstract
Functional foods, thanks to their basic nutritional properties, can have physiological benefits and can alleviate the symptoms of many chronic diseases. They contain active components deriving either from plant or animal sources, and they show anti-inflammatory, cardiotonic, and antioxidant pharmacological activities that could be useful in preventing oxidative damage and inflammatory processes in a variety of disorders. There is evidence from in vitro, in vivo, and clinical observational studies that some compounds have significant effects in modulating the muscular dystrophy phenotype, which is characterized by fibrosis, myofiber necrotic cell death, inflammation, oxidative stress, and dysfunctional mitochondria. This review involves collecting data from the main medical databases and detailing the key features involved in muscular dystrophy progression and the relevance of fatty-acid compounds as diet supplements in the management of the disease. Omega fatty acids improve the dystrophic phenotype in terms of fibrosis and inflammation reduction, stimulating mitochondrial activity and antioxidant systems. Omega fatty acids could play a crucial role as food supplementation to delay dystrophy progression. This overview appears extremely relevant for researchers who are studying these molecules as valid alternatives to glucocorticoids, that today remain the only recognized pharmacological cure for dystrophic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Versari
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (I.V.); (I.F.)
| | - Alberto Bavelloni
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Mirko Traversari
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Sabrina Burattini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences (DiSB), Urbino University Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (S.B.); (M.B.); (P.G.)
| | - Michela Battistelli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences (DiSB), Urbino University Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (S.B.); (M.B.); (P.G.)
| | - Pietro Gobbi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences (DiSB), Urbino University Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (S.B.); (M.B.); (P.G.)
| | - Irene Faenza
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (I.V.); (I.F.)
| | - Sara Salucci
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (I.V.); (I.F.)
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4
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Potluri T, You T, Yin P, Coon J, Stulberg JJ, Dai Y, Escobar DJ, Lieber RL, Zhao H, Bulun SE. Estrogen receptor-α ablation reverses muscle fibrosis and inguinal hernias. J Clin Invest 2025; 135:e179137. [PMID: 39903526 PMCID: PMC11910215 DOI: 10.1172/jci179137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2025] [Indexed: 02/06/2025] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis of the lower abdominal muscle (LAM) contributes to muscle weakening and inguinal hernia formation, an ailment that affects a noteworthy 50% of men by age 75 and necessitates surgical correction as the singular therapy. Despite its prevalence, the mechanisms driving LAM fibrosis and hernia development remain poorly understood. Using a humanized mouse model that replicates the elevated skeletal muscle tissue estrogen concentrations seen in aging men, we identified estrogen receptor-α (ESR1) as a key driver of LAM fibroblast proliferation, extracellular matrix deposition, and hernia formation. Fibroblast-specific ESR1 ablation effectively prevented muscle fibrosis and herniation, while pharmacological ESR1 inhibition with fulvestrant reversed hernias and restored normal muscle architecture. Multiomics analyses of in vitro LAM fibroblasts from humanized mice unveiled an estrogen/ESR1-mediated activation of a distinct profibrotic cistrome and gene expression signature, concordant with observations in inguinal hernia tissues in human males. Our findings hold significant promise for prospective medical interventions targeting fibrotic conditions and present non-surgical avenues for addressing inguinal hernias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanvi Potluri
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Tianming You
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ping Yin
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - John Coon
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jonah J. Stulberg
- Department of Surgery, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Sciences Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Yang Dai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Richard L. Lieber
- Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation and Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Research Service, Hines VA Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois, USA
- Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Hong Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Serdar E. Bulun
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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5
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Hogarth MW, Kurukunda MP, Ismat K, Uapinyoying P, Jaiswal JK. Exploring the therapeutic potential of fibroadipogenic progenitors in muscle disease. J Neuromuscul Dis 2025; 12:22143602241298545. [PMID: 39973455 PMCID: PMC11949306 DOI: 10.1177/22143602241298545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2025]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle relies on its inherent self-repair ability to withstand continuous mechanical damage. Myofiber-intrinsic processes facilitate the repair of damage to sarcolemma and sarcomeres, but it is the coordinated interaction between muscle-resident satellite and stromal cells that are crucial in the regeneration of muscles to replace the lost muscle fibers. Fibroadipogenic progenitors (FAPs), are muscle-resident mesenchymal cells that are notable for their role in creating the dynamic stromal niche required to support long-term muscle homeostasis and regeneration. While FAP-mediated extracellular matrix formation and the establishment of a homeostatic muscle niche are essential for maintaining muscle health, excessive accumulation of FAPs and their aberrant differentiation leads to the fibrofatty degeneration that is a hallmark of myopathies and muscular dystrophies. Recent advancements, including single-cell RNA sequencing and in vivo analysis of FAPs, are providing deeper insights into the functions and specialization of FAPs, shedding light on their roles in both health and disease. This review will explore the above insights, discussing how FAP dysregulation contributes to muscle diseases. It will offer a concise overview of potential therapeutic interventions targeting FAPs to restore disrupted interactions among FAPs and muscle-resident cells, ultimately addressing degenerative muscle loss in neuromuscular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marshall W Hogarth
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children’s National Research Institute, Washington, DC, U.S.A
| | - Medha P Kurukunda
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children’s National Research Institute, Washington, DC, U.S.A
| | - Karim Ismat
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children’s National Research Institute, Washington, DC, U.S.A
| | - Prech Uapinyoying
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children’s National Research Institute, Washington, DC, U.S.A
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, U.S.A
| | - Jyoti K Jaiswal
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children’s National Research Institute, Washington, DC, U.S.A
- Department of Genomics and Precision Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, U.S.A
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6
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Yin K, Zhang C, Deng Z, Wei X, Xiang T, Yang C, Chen C, Chen Y, Luo F. FAPs orchestrate homeostasis of muscle physiology and pathophysiology. FASEB J 2024; 38:e70234. [PMID: 39676717 PMCID: PMC11647758 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202400381r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 10/26/2024] [Accepted: 11/26/2024] [Indexed: 12/17/2024]
Abstract
As a common clinical manifestation, muscle weakness is prevalent in people with mobility disorders. Further studies of muscle weakness have found that patients with muscle weakness present with persistent muscle inflammation, loss of muscle fibers, fat infiltration, and interstitial fibrosis. Therefore, we propose the concept of muscle microenvironment homeostasis, which explains the abnormal pathological changes in muscles through the imbalance of muscle microenvironment homeostasis. And we identified an interstitial progenitor cell FAP during the transition from normal muscle microenvironment homeostasis to muscle microenvironment imbalance caused by muscle damage diseases. As a kind of pluripotent stem cell, FAPs do not participate in myogenic differentiation, but can differentiate into fibroblasts, adipocytes, osteoblasts, and chondrocytes. As a kind of mesenchymal progenitor cell, it is involved in the generation of extracellular matrix, regulate muscle regeneration, and maintain neuromuscular junction. However, the muscle microenvironment is disrupted by the causative factors, and the abnormal activities of FAPs eventually contribute to the complex pathological changes in muscles. Targeting the mechanisms of these muscle pathological changes, we have identified appropriate signaling targets for FAPs to improve and even treat muscle damage diseases. In this review, we propose the construction of muscle microenvironmental homeostasis and find the key cells that cause pathological changes in muscle after homeostasis is broken. By studying the mechanism of abnormal differentiation and apoptosis of FAPs, we found a strategy to inhibit the abnormal pathological changes in muscle damage diseases and improve muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yin
- Department of OrthopedicsSouthwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Chengmin Zhang
- Department of OrthopedicsSouthwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Zihan Deng
- Department of OrthopedicsSouthwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Wei
- Department of OrthopedicsSouthwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Tingwen Xiang
- Department of OrthopedicsSouthwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Chuan Yang
- Department of Biomedical Materials ScienceThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Can Chen
- Department for Combat Casualty Care TrainingTraining Base for Army Health Care, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University)ChongqingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yueqi Chen
- Department of OrthopedicsSouthwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Fei Luo
- Department of OrthopedicsSouthwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingPeople's Republic of China
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7
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Fernández-Simón E, Piñol-Jurado P, Gokul-Nath R, Unsworth A, Alonso-Pérez J, Schiava M, Nascimento A, Tasca G, Queen R, Cox D, Suarez-Calvet X, Díaz-Manera J. Single cell RNA sequencing of human FAPs reveals different functional stages in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1399319. [PMID: 39045456 PMCID: PMC11264872 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1399319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a genetic disease produced by mutations in the dystrophin gene characterized by early onset muscle weakness leading to severe and irreversible disability. Muscle degeneration involves a complex interplay between multiple cell lineages spatially located within areas of damage, termed the degenerative niche, including inflammatory cells, satellite cells (SCs) and fibro-adipogenic precursor cells (FAPs). FAPs are mesenchymal stem cell which have a pivotal role in muscle homeostasis as they can either promote muscle regeneration or contribute to muscle degeneration by expanding fibrotic and fatty tissue. Although it has been described that FAPs could have a different behavior in DMD patients than in healthy controls, the molecular pathways regulating their function as well as their gene expression profile are unknown. Methods: We used single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) with 10X Genomics and Illumina technology to elucidate the differences in the transcriptional profile of isolated FAPs from healthy and DMD patients. Results: Gene signatures in FAPs from both groups revealed transcriptional differences. Seurat analysis categorized cell clusters as proliferative FAPs, regulatory FAPs, inflammatory FAPs, and myofibroblasts. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between healthy and DMD FAPs included upregulated genes CHI3L1, EFEMP1, MFAP5, and TGFBR2 in DMD. Functional analysis highlighted distinctions in system development, wound healing, and cytoskeletal organization in control FAPs, while extracellular organization, degradation, and collagen degradation were upregulated in DMD FAPs. Validation of DEGs in additional samples (n = 9) using qPCR reinforced the specific impact of pathological settings on FAP heterogeneity, reflecting their distinct contribution to fibro or fatty degeneration in vivo. Conclusion: Using the single-cell RNA seq from human samples provide new opportunities to study cellular coordination to further understand the regulation of muscle homeostasis and degeneration that occurs in muscular dystrophies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Fernández-Simón
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute and Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, NE1 3BZ, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Patricia Piñol-Jurado
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute and Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, NE1 3BZ, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Rasya Gokul-Nath
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute and Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, NE1 3BZ, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Adrienne Unsworth
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute and Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, NE1 3BZ, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Jorge Alonso-Pérez
- Bioinformatics Unit, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Marianela Schiava
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute and Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, NE1 3BZ, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Andres Nascimento
- Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Giorgio Tasca
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute and Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, NE1 3BZ, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel Queen
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute and Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, NE1 3BZ, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Dan Cox
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute and Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, NE1 3BZ, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Xavier Suarez-Calvet
- Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Insitut de Recerca de l’Hospital de la Santa Creu I Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
- Neuromuscular Disease Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Fundación Canaria Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Canarias (FIISC), Tenerife, Spain
| | - Jordi Díaz-Manera
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute and Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, NE1 3BZ, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
- Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Insitut de Recerca de l’Hospital de la Santa Creu I Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
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Flores-Opazo M, Kopinke D, Helmbacher F, Fernández-Verdejo R, Tuñón-Suárez M, Lynch GS, Contreras O. Fibro-adipogenic progenitors in physiological adipogenesis and intermuscular adipose tissue remodeling. Mol Aspects Med 2024; 97:101277. [PMID: 38788527 PMCID: PMC11692456 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2024.101277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Excessive accumulation of intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) is a common pathological feature in various metabolic and health conditions and can cause muscle atrophy, reduced function, inflammation, insulin resistance, cardiovascular issues, and unhealthy aging. Although IMAT results from fat accumulation in muscle, the mechanisms underlying its onset, development, cellular components, and functions remain unclear. IMAT levels are influenced by several factors, such as changes in the tissue environment, muscle type and origin, extent and duration of trauma, and persistent activation of fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs). FAPs are a diverse and transcriptionally heterogeneous population of stromal cells essential for tissue maintenance, neuromuscular stability, and tissue regeneration. However, in cases of chronic inflammation and pathological conditions, FAPs expand and differentiate into adipocytes, resulting in the development of abnormal and ectopic IMAT. This review discusses the role of FAPs in adipogenesis and how they remodel IMAT. It highlights evidence supporting FAPs and FAP-derived adipocytes as constituents of IMAT, emphasizing their significance in adipose tissue maintenance and development, as well as their involvement in metabolic disorders, chronic pathologies and diseases. We also investigated the intricate molecular pathways and cell interactions governing FAP behavior, adipogenesis, and IMAT accumulation in chronic diseases and muscle deconditioning. Finally, we hypothesize that impaired cellular metabolic flexibility in dysfunctional muscles impacts FAPs, leading to IMAT. A deeper understanding of the biology of IMAT accumulation and the mechanisms regulating FAP behavior and fate are essential for the development of new therapeutic strategies for several debilitating conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel Kopinke
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, 32610, FL, USA; Myology Institute, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | | | - Rodrigo Fernández-Verdejo
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA; Laboratorio de Fisiología Del Ejercicio y Metabolismo (LABFEM), Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Finis Terrae, Chile.
| | - Mauro Tuñón-Suárez
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Del Ejercicio y Metabolismo (LABFEM), Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Finis Terrae, Chile.
| | - Gordon S Lynch
- Centre for Muscle Research, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Parkville 3010, Australia.
| | - Osvaldo Contreras
- Developmental and Regenerative Biology Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia; School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia.
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9
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Li N, Xiahou Z, Li Z, Zhang Z, Song Y, Wang Y. Identification of hub genes and therapeutic siRNAs to develop novel adjunctive therapy for Duchenne muscular dystrophy. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2024; 25:386. [PMID: 38762732 PMCID: PMC11102231 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-024-07206-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a devastating X-linked neuromuscular disorder caused by various defects in the dystrophin gene and still no universal therapy. This study aims to identify the hub genes unrelated to excessive immune response but responsible for DMD progression and explore therapeutic siRNAs, thereby providing a novel treatment. METHODS Top ten hub genes for DMD were identified from GSE38417 dataset by using GEO2R and PPI networks based on Cytoscape analysis. The hub genes unrelated to excessive immune response were identified by GeneCards, and their expression was further verified in mdx and C57 mice at 2 and 4 months (M) by (RT-q) PCR and western blotting. Therapeutic siRNAs were deemed as those that could normalize the expression of the validated hub genes in transfected C2C12 cells. RESULTS 855 up-regulated and 324 down-regulated DEGs were screened from GSE38417 dataset. Five of the top 10 hub genes were considered as the candidate genes unrelated to excessive immune response, and three of these candidates were consistently and significantly up-regulated in mdx mice at 2 M and 4 M when compared with age-matched C57 mice, including Col1a2, Fbn1 and Fn1. Furthermore, the three validated up-regulated candidate genes can be significantly down-regulated by three rational designed siRNA (p < 0.0001), respectively. CONCLUSION COL1A2, FBN1 and FN1 may be novel biomarkers for DMD, and the siRNAs designed in our study were help to develop adjunctive therapy for Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Department of Aerospace Medical Training, School of Aerospace Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
- School of Sports Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhikai Xiahou
- China Institute of Sport and Health Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuo Li
- School of Sports Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Zilian Zhang
- School of Sports Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Yafeng Song
- China Institute of Sport and Health Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China.
| | - Yongchun Wang
- Department of Aerospace Medical Training, School of Aerospace Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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10
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Balayan A, DeBoutray M, Molley TG, Ruoss S, Maceda M, Sevier A, Robertson CM, Ward SR, Engler AJ. Dispase/collagenase cocktail allows for coisolation of satellite cells and fibroadipogenic progenitors from human skeletal muscle. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2024; 326:C1193-C1202. [PMID: 38581669 PMCID: PMC11193520 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00023.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Satellite cells (SCs) and fibroadipogenic progenitors (FAPs) are progenitor populations found in muscle that form new myofibers postinjury. Muscle development, regeneration, and tissue-engineering experiments require robust progenitor populations, yet their isolation and expansion are difficult given their scarcity in muscle, limited muscle biopsy sizes in humans, and lack of methodological detail in the literature. Here, we investigated whether a dispase and collagenase type 1 and 2 cocktail could allow dual isolation of SCs and FAPs, enabling significantly increased yield from human skeletal muscle. Postdissociation, we found that single cells could be sorted into CD56 + CD31-CD45- (SC) and CD56-CD31-CD45- (FAP) cell populations, expanded in culture, and characterized for lineage-specific marker expression and differentiation capacity; we obtained ∼10% SCs and ∼40% FAPs, with yields twofold better than what is reported in current literature. SCs were PAX7+ and retained CD56 expression and myogenic fusion potential after multiple passages, expanding up to 1012 cells. Conversely, FAPs expressed CD140a and differentiated into either fibroblasts or adipocytes upon induction. This study demonstrates robust isolation of both SCs and FAPs from the same muscle sample with SC recovery more than two times higher than previously reported, which could enable translational studies for muscle injuries.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We demonstrated that a dispase/collagenase cocktail allows for simultaneous isolation of SCs and FAPs with 2× higher SC yield compared with other studies. We provide a thorough characterization of SC and FAP in vitro expansion that other studies have not reported. Following our dissociation, SCs and FAPs were able to expand by up to 1012 cells before reaching senescence and maintained differentiation capacity in vitro demonstrating their efficacy for clinical translation for muscle injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alis Balayan
- Biomedical Sciences Program, UC San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States
| | - Marie DeBoutray
- Department of ENT and Maxillofacial Surgery, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - Thomas G Molley
- Chien-Lay Department of Bioengineering, UC San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States
| | - Severin Ruoss
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UC San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States
| | - Matthew Maceda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UC San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States
| | - Ashley Sevier
- California State University, Bakersfield, Bakersfield, California, United States
| | - Catherine M Robertson
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UC San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States
| | - Samuel R Ward
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UC San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States
- Department of Radiology, UC San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States
| | - Adam J Engler
- Biomedical Sciences Program, UC San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States
- Chien-Lay Department of Bioengineering, UC San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, California, United States
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11
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Jiang H, Liu B, Lin J, Xue T, Han Y, Lu C, Zhou S, Gu Y, Xu F, Shen Y, Xu L, Sun H. MuSCs and IPCs: roles in skeletal muscle homeostasis, aging and injury. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:67. [PMID: 38289345 PMCID: PMC10828015 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-05096-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is a highly specialized tissue composed of myofibres that performs crucial functions in movement and metabolism. In response to external stimuli and injuries, a range of stem/progenitor cells, with muscle stem cells or satellite cells (MuSCs) being the predominant cell type, are rapidly activated to repair and regenerate skeletal muscle within weeks. Under normal conditions, MuSCs remain in a quiescent state, but become proliferative and differentiate into new myofibres in response to injury. In addition to MuSCs, some interstitial progenitor cells (IPCs) such as fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs), pericytes, interstitial stem cells expressing PW1 and negative for Pax7 (PICs), muscle side population cells (SPCs), CD133-positive cells and Twist2-positive cells have been identified as playing direct or indirect roles in regenerating muscle tissue. Here, we highlight the heterogeneity, molecular markers, and functional properties of these interstitial progenitor cells, and explore the role of muscle stem/progenitor cells in skeletal muscle homeostasis, aging, and muscle-related diseases. This review provides critical insights for future stem cell therapies aimed at treating muscle-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Boya Liu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Junfei Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Xue
- Department of Paediatrics, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yimin Han
- Department of Paediatrics, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunfeng Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University and First People's Hospital of Nantong City, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Songlin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Gu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University and First People's Hospital of Nantong City, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuntian Shen
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lingchi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hualin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Florio F, Vencato S, Papa FT, Libergoli M, Kheir E, Ghzaiel I, Rando TA, Torrente Y, Biressi S. Combinatorial activation of the WNT-dependent fibrogenic program by distinct complement subunits in dystrophic muscle. EMBO Mol Med 2023; 15:e17405. [PMID: 37927228 PMCID: PMC10701616 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202317405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is associated with compromised muscle functionality in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). We report observations with tissues from dystrophic patients and mice supporting a model to explain fibrosis in DMD, which relies on the crosstalk between the complement and the WNT signaling pathways and the functional interactions of two cellular types. Fibro-adipogenic progenitors and macrophages, which populate the inflamed dystrophic muscles, act as a combinatorial source of WNT activity by secreting distinct subunits of the C1 complement complex. The resulting aberrant activation of the WNT signaling in responsive cells, such as fibro-adipogenic progenitors, contributes to fibrosis. Indeed, pharmacological inhibition of the C1r/s subunits in a murine model of DMD mitigated the activation of the WNT signaling pathway, reduced the fibrogenic characteristics of the fibro-adipogenic progenitors, and ameliorated the dystrophic phenotype. These studies shed new light on the molecular and cellular mechanisms responsible for fibrosis in muscular dystrophy and open to new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Florio
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO)University of TrentoTrentoItaly
- Dulbecco Telethon Institute at University of TrentoTrentoItaly
- Neurology UnitFondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoMilanItaly
| | - Sara Vencato
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO)University of TrentoTrentoItaly
- Dulbecco Telethon Institute at University of TrentoTrentoItaly
| | - Filomena T Papa
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO)University of TrentoTrentoItaly
- Dulbecco Telethon Institute at University of TrentoTrentoItaly
| | - Michela Libergoli
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO)University of TrentoTrentoItaly
- Dulbecco Telethon Institute at University of TrentoTrentoItaly
| | - Eyemen Kheir
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO)University of TrentoTrentoItaly
- Dulbecco Telethon Institute at University of TrentoTrentoItaly
| | - Imen Ghzaiel
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO)University of TrentoTrentoItaly
- Dulbecco Telethon Institute at University of TrentoTrentoItaly
| | - Thomas A Rando
- Broad Stem Cell Research CenterUniversity of California Los AngelesLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Yvan Torrente
- Neurology UnitFondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoMilanItaly
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Dino Ferrari Center, Department of Pathophysiology and TransplantationUniversity of MilanMilanItaly
| | - Stefano Biressi
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO)University of TrentoTrentoItaly
- Dulbecco Telethon Institute at University of TrentoTrentoItaly
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13
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Yaghi OK, Hanna BS, Langston PK, Michelson DA, Jayewickreme T, Marin-Rodero M, Benoist C, Mathis D. A discrete 'early-responder' stromal-cell subtype orchestrates immunocyte recruitment to injured tissue. Nat Immunol 2023; 24:2053-2067. [PMID: 37932455 PMCID: PMC10792729 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-023-01669-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Following acute injury, stromal cells promote tissue regeneration by a diversity of mechanisms. Time-resolved single-cell RNA sequencing of muscle mesenchymal stromal cells (MmSCs) responding to acute injury identified an 'early-responder' subtype that spiked on day 1 and expressed a notable array of transcripts encoding immunomodulators. IL-1β, TNF-α and oncostatin M each strongly and rapidly induced MmSCs transcribing this immunomodulatory program. Macrophages amplified the program but were not strictly required for its induction. Transfer of the inflammatory MmSC subtype, tagged with a unique surface marker, into healthy hindlimb muscle induced inflammation primarily driven by neutrophils and macrophages. Among the abundant inflammatory transcripts produced by this subtype, Cxcl5 was stroma-specific and highly upregulated with injury. Depletion of this chemokine early after injury revealed a substantial impact on recruitment of neutrophils, a prolongation of inflammation to later times and an effect on tissue regeneration. Mesenchymal stromal cell subtypes expressing a comparable inflammatory program were found in a mouse model of muscular dystrophy and in several other tissues and pathologies in both mice and humans. These 'early-responder' mesenchymal stromal cells, already in place, permit rapid and coordinated mobilization and amplification of critical cell collaborators in response to injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar K Yaghi
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bola S Hanna
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - P Kent Langston
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel A Michelson
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Teshika Jayewickreme
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Miguel Marin-Rodero
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christophe Benoist
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Diane Mathis
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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14
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Loomis T, Smith LR. Thrown for a loop: fibro-adipogenic progenitors in skeletal muscle fibrosis. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 325:C895-C906. [PMID: 37602412 PMCID: PMC11932532 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00245.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) are key regulators of skeletal muscle regeneration and homeostasis. However, dysregulation of these cells leads to fibro-fatty infiltration across various muscle diseases. FAPs are the key source of extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition in muscle, and disruption to this process leads to a pathological accumulation of ECM, known as fibrosis. The replacement of contractile tissue with fibrotic ECM functionally impairs the muscle and increases muscle stiffness. FAPs and fibrotic muscle form a progressively degenerative feedback loop where, as a muscle becomes fibrotic, it induces a fibrotic FAP phenotype leading to further development of fibrosis. In this review, we summarize FAPs' role in fibrosis in terms of their activation, heterogeneity, contributions to fibrotic degeneration, and role across musculoskeletal diseases. We also discuss current research on potential therapeutic avenues to attenuate fibrosis by targeting FAPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taryn Loomis
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Group, University of California, Davis, California, United States
| | - Lucas R Smith
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, University of California, Davis, California, United States
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of California, Davis, California, United States
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15
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Masugi M, Ichii O, Otani Y, Namba T, Kon Y. Effects of autoimmune abnormalities on skeletal muscle regeneration after needle puncture in mice. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2023; 248:1829-1840. [PMID: 37750036 PMCID: PMC10792426 DOI: 10.1177/15353702231198073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Regeneration of injured skeletal muscles is supported by the activation of satellite cells, and excessive traumatic injuries may trigger abnormal processes, such as fibrosis. Because the participation of immune cells is crucial during skeletal muscle repair, systemic autoimmune diseases impair their regeneration. This study focused on a traumatic injury by injection and investigated the effect of autoimmune diseases on skeletal muscle regeneration. Male mice of MRL/MpJ-Faslpr/lpr and MRL/MpJ (6-7 months old) were used for autoimmune disease and healthy groups. The abdominal walls punctured by a needle were histologically analyzed at 1, 3, and 8 days postinjection. In both groups, injured skeletal muscle tissues showed necrosis and inflammatory cell infiltrations on day 1, increased cell density at 3 days, and regenerative myotubes with central nuclei without fibrosis at 8 days. Gr-1+ neutrophils at injured skeletal muscle were abundant at 1 day, and then substantially decreased starting from 3 days in both groups. The number of CD3+ T cells was remarkably higher in MRL/MpJ-Faslpr/lpr than that in MRL/MpJ at 1 day, and a similar tendency was observed in B220+ B cells. The numbers of IBA1+ macrophages and bromodeoxyuridine-incorporating cells tended to be higher at 3 days, and those of the latter, mainly proliferating paired-box-7+ satellite cells, showed significance at other time points and negatively correlated with the autoimmune disease indices, such as spleen weights or serum autoantibody level. Thus, this result suggested that injured skeletal muscle by minor trauma is normally regenerated regardless of the effects of autoimmune diseases, although lymphocyte infiltrations during these processes were more severe in MRL/MpJ-Faslpr/lpr.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misato Masugi
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Osamu Ichii
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
- Laboratory of Agrobiomedical Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
| | - Yuki Otani
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Takashi Namba
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kon
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
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16
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Cruz-Soca M, Faundez-Contreras J, Córdova-Casanova A, Gallardo FS, Bock-Pereda A, Chun J, Casar JC, Brandan E. Activation of skeletal muscle FAPs by LPA requires the Hippo signaling via the FAK pathway. Matrix Biol 2023; 119:57-81. [PMID: 37137584 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2023.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a lysophospholipid that signals through six G-protein coupled receptors (LPARs), LPA1 to LPA6. LPA has been described as a potent modulator of fibrosis in different pathologies. In skeletal muscle, LPA increases fibrosis-related proteins and the number of fibro/adipogenic progenitors (FAPs). FAPs are the primary source of ECM-secreting myofibroblasts in acute and chronic damage. However, the effect of LPA on FAPs activation in vitro has not been explored. This study aimed to investigate FAPs' response to LPA and the downstream signaling mediators involved. Here, we demonstrated that LPA mediates FAPs activation by increasing their proliferation, expression of myofibroblasts markers, and upregulation of fibrosis-related proteins. Pretreatment with the LPA1/LPA3 antagonist Ki16425 or genetic deletion of LPA1 attenuated the LPA-induced FAPs activation, resulting in decreased expression of cyclin e1, α-SMA, and fibronectin. We also evaluated the activation of the focal adhesion kinase (FAK) in response to LPA. Our results showed that LPA induces FAK phosphorylation in FAPs. Treatment with the P-FAK inhibitor PF-228 partially prevented the induction of cell responses involved in FAPs activation, suggesting that this pathway mediates LPA signaling. FAK activation controls downstream cell signaling within the cytoplasm, such as the Hippo pathway. LPA induced the dephosphorylation of the transcriptional coactivator YAP (Yes-associated protein) and promoted direct expression of target pathway genes such as Ctgf/Ccn2 and Ccn1. The blockage of YAP transcriptional activity with Super-TDU further confirmed the role of YAP in LPA-induced FAPs activation. Finally, we demonstrated that FAK is required for LPA-dependent YAP dephosphorylation and the induction of Hippo pathway target genes. In conclusion, LPA signals through LPA1 to regulate FAPs activation by activating FAK to control the Hippo pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meilyn Cruz-Soca
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330025, Chile; Centro Científico y Tecnológico de Excelencia Ciencia & Vida, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jennifer Faundez-Contreras
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330025, Chile; Centro Científico y Tecnológico de Excelencia Ciencia & Vida, Santiago, Chile
| | - Adriana Córdova-Casanova
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330025, Chile; Centro Científico y Tecnológico de Excelencia Ciencia & Vida, Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe S Gallardo
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330025, Chile; Centro Científico y Tecnológico de Excelencia Ciencia & Vida, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alexia Bock-Pereda
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330025, Chile; Centro Científico y Tecnológico de Excelencia Ciencia & Vida, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jerold Chun
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Juan Carlos Casar
- Departamento de Neurología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Enrique Brandan
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330025, Chile; Centro Científico y Tecnológico de Excelencia Ciencia & Vida, Santiago, Chile; Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile.
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17
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Wang Y, Chen D, Xie H, Zhou S, Jia M, He X, Guo F, Lai Y, Tang XX. LncRNA GAS5 suppresses TGF-β1-induced transformation of pulmonary pericytes into myofibroblasts by recruiting KDM5B and promoting H3K4me2/3 demethylation of the PDGFRα/β promoter. Mol Med 2023; 29:32. [PMID: 36918759 PMCID: PMC10015786 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-023-00620-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a condition that may cause persistent pulmonary damage. The transformation of pericytes into myofibroblasts has been recognized as a key player during IPF progression. This study aimed to investigate the functions of lncRNA growth arrest-specific transcript 5 (GAS5) in myofibroblast transformation during IPF progression. METHODS We created a mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis (PF) via intratracheal administration of bleomycin. Pericytes were challenged with exogenous transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1). To determine the expression of target molecules, we employed quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, and immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence staining. The pathological changes in the lungs were evaluated via H&E and Masson staining. Furthermore, the subcellular distribution of GAS5 was examined using FISH. Dual-luciferase reporter assay, ChIP, RNA pull-down, and RIP experiments were conducted to determine the molecular interaction. RESULTS GAS5 expression decreased whereas PDGFRα/β expression increased in the lungs of IPF patients and mice with bleomycin-induced PF. The in vitro overexpression of GAS5 or silencing of PDGFRα/β inhibited the TGF-β1-induced differentiation of pericytes to myofibroblasts, as evidenced by the upregulation of pericyte markers NG2 and desmin as well as downregulation of myofibroblast markers α-SMA and collagen I. Further mechanistic analysis revealed that GAS5 recruited KDM5B to promote H3K4me2/3 demethylation, thereby suppressing PDGFRα/β expression. In addition, KDM5B overexpression inhibited pericyte-myofibroblast transformation and counteracted the promotional effect of GAS5 knockdown on pericyte-myofibroblast transformation. Lung fibrosis in mice was attenuated by GAS5 overexpression but promoted by GAS5 deficiency. CONCLUSION GAS5 represses pericyte-myofibroblast transformation by inhibiting PDGFRα/β expression via KDM5B-mediated H3K4me2/3 demethylation in IPF, identifying GAS5 as an intervention target for IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichun Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, No. 63 Duobao Road, Liwan District, Guangzhou, 510150, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Diyu Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510150, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Xie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuhua Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingwang Jia
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, No. 63 Duobao Road, Liwan District, Guangzhou, 510150, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobo He
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, No. 63 Duobao Road, Liwan District, Guangzhou, 510150, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Feifei Guo
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, No. 63 Duobao Road, Liwan District, Guangzhou, 510150, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yihuan Lai
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, No. 63 Duobao Road, Liwan District, Guangzhou, 510150, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Xiao Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, No. 195 Dongfeng West Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510150, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Farini A, Tripodi L, Villa C, Strati F, Facoetti A, Baselli G, Troisi J, Landolfi A, Lonati C, Molinaro D, Wintzinger M, Gatti S, Cassani B, Caprioli F, Facciotti F, Quattrocelli M, Torrente Y. Microbiota dysbiosis influences immune system and muscle pathophysiology of dystrophin-deficient mice. EMBO Mol Med 2023; 15:e16244. [PMID: 36533294 PMCID: PMC9994487 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202216244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a progressive severe muscle-wasting disease caused by mutations in DMD, encoding dystrophin, that leads to loss of muscle function with cardiac/respiratory failure and premature death. Since dystrophic muscles are sensed by infiltrating inflammatory cells and gut microbial communities can cause immune dysregulation and metabolic syndrome, we sought to investigate whether intestinal bacteria support the muscle immune response in mdx dystrophic murine model. We highlighted a strong correlation between DMD disease features and the relative abundance of Prevotella. Furthermore, the absence of gut microbes through the generation of mdx germ-free animal model, as well as modulation of the microbial community structure by antibiotic treatment, influenced muscle immunity and fibrosis. Intestinal colonization of mdx mice with eubiotic microbiota was sufficient to reduce inflammation and improve muscle pathology and function. This work identifies a potential role for the gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of DMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Farini
- Neurology UnitFondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoMilanItaly
| | - Luana Tripodi
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Dino Ferrari CenterUniversity of MilanMilanItaly
| | - Chiara Villa
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Dino Ferrari CenterUniversity of MilanMilanItaly
| | - Francesco Strati
- Mucosal Immunology Lab, Department of Experimental OncologyIEO‐European Institute of OncologyMilanItaly
| | - Amanda Facoetti
- Humanitas UniversityMilanItaly
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center IRCCSMilanItaly
| | - Guido Baselli
- Translational Medicine – Department of Transfusion Medicine and HematologyFondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoMilanItaly
- Present address:
SciLifeLab, Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell BiologyKarolinska InstitutetSolnaSweden
| | - Jacopo Troisi
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Scuola Medica SalernitanaUniversity of SalernoBaronissiItaly
- Theoreo Srl, Spinoff Company of the University of SalernoMontecorvino PuglianoItaly
| | - Annamaria Landolfi
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Scuola Medica SalernitanaUniversity of SalernoBaronissiItaly
- Theoreo Srl, Spinoff Company of the University of SalernoMontecorvino PuglianoItaly
| | - Caterina Lonati
- Center for Surgical ResearchFondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoMilanItaly
| | - Davide Molinaro
- Neurology UnitFondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoMilanItaly
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Dino Ferrari CenterUniversity of MilanMilanItaly
| | - Michelle Wintzinger
- Molecular Cardiovascular Biology Division, Heart InstituteCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOHUSA
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiOHUSA
| | - Stefano Gatti
- Center for Surgical ResearchFondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoMilanItaly
| | - Barbara Cassani
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center IRCCSMilanItaly
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational MedicineUniversità Degli Studi di MilanoMilanItaly
| | - Flavio Caprioli
- Unit of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, Department of Pathophysiology and TransplantationUniversità degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Policlinico di MilanoMilanItaly
| | - Federica Facciotti
- Unit of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, Department of Pathophysiology and TransplantationUniversità degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Policlinico di MilanoMilanItaly
| | - Mattia Quattrocelli
- Molecular Cardiovascular Biology Division, Heart InstituteCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOHUSA
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiOHUSA
| | - Yvan Torrente
- Neurology UnitFondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoMilanItaly
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Dino Ferrari CenterUniversity of MilanMilanItaly
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19
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Mechanisms of skeletal muscle-tendon development and regeneration/healing as potential therapeutic targets. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 243:108357. [PMID: 36764462 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle contraction is essential for the movement of our musculoskeletal system. Tendons and ligaments that connect the skeletal muscles to bones in the correct position at the appropriate time during development are also required for movement to occur. Since the musculoskeletal system is essential for maintaining basic bodily functions as well as enabling interactions with the environment, dysfunctions of these tissues due to disease can significantly reduce quality of life. Unfortunately, as people live longer, skeletal muscle and tendon/ligament diseases are becoming more common. Sarcopenia, a disease in which skeletal muscle function declines, and tendinopathy, which involves chronic tendon dysfunction, are particularly troublesome because there have been no significant advances in their treatment. In this review, we will summarize previous reports on the development and regeneration/healing of skeletal muscle and tendon tissues, including a discussion of the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved that may be used as potential therapeutic targets.
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20
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Łoboda A, Dulak J. Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 and Its Targets in Skeletal Muscle Repair and Regeneration. Antioxid Redox Signal 2023; 38:619-642. [PMID: 36597355 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2022.0208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Skeletal muscles have a robust regenerative capacity in response to acute and chronic injuries. Muscle repair and redox homeostasis are intimately linked; increased generation of reactive oxygen species leads to cellular dysfunction and contributes to muscle wasting and progression of muscle diseases. In exemplary muscle disease, Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), caused by mutations in the DMD gene that encodes the muscle structural protein dystrophin, the regeneration machinery is severely compromised, while oxidative stress contributes to the progression of the disease. The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and its target genes, including heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), provide protective mechanisms against oxidative insults. Recent Advances: Relevant advances have been evolving in recent years in understanding the mechanisms by which NRF2 regulates processes that contribute to effective muscle regeneration. To this end, pathways related to muscle satellite cell differentiation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial metabolism, inflammation, fibrosis, and angiogenesis have been studied. The regulatory role of NRF2 in skeletal muscle ferroptosis has been also suggested. Animal studies have shown that NRF2 pathway activation can stop or reverse skeletal muscle pathology, especially when endogenous stress defence mechanisms are imbalanced. Critical Issues: Despite the growing recognition of NRF2 as a factor that regulates various aspects of muscle regeneration, the mechanistic impact on muscle pathology in various models of muscle injury remains imprecise. Future Directions: Further studies are necessary to fully uncover the role of NRF2 in muscle regeneration, both in physiological and pathological conditions, and to investigate the possibilities for development of new therapeutic modalities. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 38, 619-642.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Łoboda
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Kraków, Poland
| | - Józef Dulak
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Kraków, Poland
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21
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Muraine L, Bensalah M, Butler-Browne G, Bigot A, Trollet C, Mouly V, Negroni E. Update on anti-fibrotic pharmacotherapies in skeletal muscle disease. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2023; 68:102332. [PMID: 36566666 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2022.102332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Fibrosis, defined as an excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix, is the end point of a defective regenerative process, unresolved inflammation and/or chronic damage. Numerous muscle disorders (MD) are characterized by high levels of fibrosis associated with muscle wasting and weakness. Fibrosis alters muscle homeostasis/regeneration and fiber environment and may interfere with gene and cell therapies. Slowing down or reversing fibrosis is a crucial therapeutic goal to maintain muscle identity in the context of therapies. Several pathways are implicated in the modulation of the fibrotic progression and multiple therapeutic compounds targeting fibrogenic signals have been tested in MDs, mostly in the context of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. In this review, we present an up-to-date overview of pharmacotherapies that have been tested to reduce fibrosis in the skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Muraine
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, Paris, France
| | - Mona Bensalah
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, Paris, France
| | - Gillian Butler-Browne
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, Paris, France
| | - Anne Bigot
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, Paris, France
| | - Capucine Trollet
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, Paris, France
| | - Vincent Mouly
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, Paris, France.
| | - Elisa Negroni
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, Paris, France.
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22
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Li H, Lin J, Wang L, He R, Li J, Chen M, Zhang W, Zhang C. Interleukin-4 improved adipose-derived stem cells engraftment via interacting with fibro/adipogenic progenitors in dystrophic mice.. [DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2321597/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC) therapy is a promising therapy for dystrophinopathy. Fibro/adipogenic progenitors (FAP) are important in regulating the myogenesis of muscle satellite cells and contribute to muscle fibrosis and adipocyte infiltration. The interleukin-4 (IL4) pathway is found to be a switcher regulating the functions of FAP. The interaction between FAP and engrafted cells has not yet been studied. We used a co-culture system to investigate the possible crosstalk between FAP of dystrophic mice and IL4-overexpressed ADSC (IL4-ADSC) and control ADSC. The systemic transplantation of IL4-ADSC and control ADSC was conducted in dystrophic mice for 16 weeks and motor function and molecular improvements of mice were evaluated. Overexpression of IL4 in ADSC significantly promoted terminal myogenesis in vitro with significant increased expression of Myogenin and MyHC. Through co-culture, we discovered that myoblasts derived from control ADSC promoted adipogenic and fibrogenic differentiation of FAP, but FAP did not significantly affect their myogenesis, while overexpression of IL4 in ADSC inhibited their myotube-dependent promotion of FAP differentiation but promoted FAP to support myogenesis. Dystrophic mice delivered with IL4-ADSC-derived myoblasts had a significant better motor ability, more engrafted cells with dystrophin expression, less muscle fibrosis, and intramuscular adipocytes and macrophage infiltration than mice delivered with control-ADSC-derived myoblasts. Our results revealed the importance of focusing on the crosstalk between engrafted cells and resident FAP in cell therapy and the positive therapeutic effect of IL4 administration combined with ADSC therapy in dystrophic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Li
- Sun Yat-sen University First Affiliated Hospital
| | | | - Liang Wang
- Sun Yat-sen University First Affiliated Hospital
| | - Ruojie He
- Sun Yat-sen University First Affiliated Hospital
| | - Jing Li
- Sun Yat-sen University First Affiliated Hospital
| | | | - Weixi Zhang
- Sun Yat-sen University First Affiliated Hospital
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Sun Yat-sen University First Affiliated Hospital
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23
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Dubuisson N, Versele R, Planchon C, Selvais CM, Noel L, Abou-Samra M, Davis-López de Carrizosa MA. Histological Methods to Assess Skeletal Muscle Degeneration and Regeneration in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:16080. [PMID: 36555721 PMCID: PMC9786356 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232416080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a progressive disease caused by the loss of function of the protein dystrophin. This protein contributes to the stabilisation of striated cells during contraction, as it anchors the cytoskeleton with components of the extracellular matrix through the dystrophin-associated protein complex (DAPC). Moreover, absence of the functional protein affects the expression and function of proteins within the DAPC, leading to molecular events responsible for myofibre damage, muscle weakening, disability and, eventually, premature death. Presently, there is no cure for DMD, but different treatments help manage some of the symptoms. Advances in genetic and exon-skipping therapies are the most promising intervention, the safety and efficiency of which are tested in animal models. In addition to in vivo functional tests, ex vivo molecular evaluation aids assess to what extent the therapy has contributed to the regenerative process. In this regard, the later advances in microscopy and image acquisition systems and the current expansion of antibodies for immunohistological evaluation together with the development of different spectrum fluorescent dyes have made histology a crucial tool. Nevertheless, the complexity of the molecular events that take place in dystrophic muscles, together with the rise of a multitude of markers for each of the phases of the process, makes the histological assessment a challenging task. Therefore, here, we summarise and explain the rationale behind different histological techniques used in the literature to assess degeneration and regeneration in the field of dystrophinopathies, focusing especially on those related to DMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Dubuisson
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition Unit, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Medical Sector, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 55, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
- Neuromuscular Reference Center, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (CUSL), Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Romain Versele
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition Unit, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Medical Sector, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 55, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Chloé Planchon
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition Unit, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Medical Sector, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 55, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Camille M. Selvais
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition Unit, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Medical Sector, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 55, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laurence Noel
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition Unit, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Medical Sector, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 55, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Michel Abou-Samra
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition Unit, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Medical Sector, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 55, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - María A. Davis-López de Carrizosa
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition Unit, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Medical Sector, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 55, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Seville, Spain
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24
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Alonso-Pérez J, Carrasco-Rozas A, Borrell-Pages M, Fernández-Simón E, Piñol-Jurado P, Badimon L, Wollin L, Lleixà C, Gallardo E, Olivé M, Díaz-Manera J, Suárez-Calvet X. Nintedanib Reduces Muscle Fibrosis and Improves Muscle Function of the Alpha-Sarcoglycan-Deficient Mice. Biomedicines 2022; 10:2629. [PMID: 36289891 PMCID: PMC9599168 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcoglycanopathies are a group of recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophies, characterized by progressive muscle weakness. Sarcoglycan deficiency produces instability of the sarcolemma during muscle contraction, leading to continuous muscle fiber injury eventually producing fiber loss and replacement by fibro-adipose tissue. Therapeutic strategies aiming to reduce fibro-adipose expansion could be effective in muscular dystrophies. We report the positive effect of nintedanib in a murine model of alpha-sarcoglycanopathy. We treated 14 Sgca-/- mice, six weeks old, with nintedanib 50 mg/kg every 12 h for 10 weeks and compared muscle function and histology with 14 Sgca-/- mice treated with vehicle and six wild-type littermate mice. Muscle function was assessed using a treadmill and grip strength. A cardiac evaluation was performed by echocardiography and histological study. Structural analysis of the muscles, including a detailed study of the fibrotic and inflammatory processes, was performed using conventional staining and immunofluorescence. In addition, proteomics and transcriptomics studies were carried out. Nintedanib was well tolerated by the animals treated, although we observed weight loss. Sgca-/- mice treated with nintedanib covered a longer distance on the treadmill, compared with non-treated Sgca-/- mice, and showed higher strength in the grip test. Moreover, nintedanib improved the muscle architecture of treated mice, reducing the degenerative area and the fibrotic reaction that was associated with a reversion of the cytokine expression profile. Nintedanib improved muscle function and muscle architecture by reducing muscle fibrosis and degeneration and reverting the chronic inflammatory environment suggesting that it could be a useful therapy for patients with alpha-sarcoglycanopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Alonso-Pérez
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Departament of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Carrasco-Rozas
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Departament of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Borrell-Pages
- Cardiovascular Program ICCC, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau Research Institute, IIB-Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBER-CV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28222 Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Fernández-Simón
- The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Newcastle University and Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Patricia Piñol-Jurado
- The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Newcastle University and Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Lina Badimon
- Cardiovascular Program ICCC, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau Research Institute, IIB-Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBER-CV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28222 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lutz Wollin
- Boehringer Ingelheim, 88400 Biberach, Germany
| | - Cinta Lleixà
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Departament of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Gallardo
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Departament of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28222 Madrid, Spain
| | - Montse Olivé
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Departament of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28222 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jordi Díaz-Manera
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Departament of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Newcastle University and Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28222 Madrid, Spain
| | - Xavier Suárez-Calvet
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Departament of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28222 Madrid, Spain
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25
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Lu A, Tseng C, Guo P, Gao Z, Whitney KE, Kolonin MG, Huard J. The role of the aging microenvironment on the fate of PDGFRβ lineage cells in skeletal muscle repair. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:405. [PMID: 35932084 PMCID: PMC9356493 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-03072-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background During aging, perturbation of muscle progenitor cell (MPC) constituents leads to progressive loss of muscle mass and accumulation of adipose and fibrotic tissue. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) give rise to adipocytes and fibroblasts that accumulate in injured and pathological skeletal muscle through constitutive activation of platelet-derived growth factor receptors (PDGFRs). Although the role of the PDGFRα has been widely explored, there is a paucity of evidence demonstrating the role of PDGFRβ in aged skeletal muscle. Methods In this study, we investigated the role of PDGFRβ lineage cells in skeletal muscle during aging by using Cre/loxP lineage tracing technology. The PDGFR-Cre mice were crossed with global double-fluorescent Cre reporter mice (mTmG) that indelibly marks PDGFRβ lineage cells. Those cells were analyzed and compared at different ages in the skeletal muscle of the mice. Results Our results demonstrated that PDGFRβ lineage cells isolated from the muscles of young mice are MPC-like cells that exhibited satellite cell morphology, expressed Pax7, and undergo myogenic differentiation producing myosin heavy chain expressing myotubes. Conversely, the PDGFRβ lineage cells isolated from muscles of old mice displayed MSC morphology with a reduced myogenic differentiation potential while expressing adipogenic and fibrotic differentiation markers. PDGFRβ lineage cells also gave rise to newly regenerated muscle fibers in young mice after muscle injury, but their muscle regenerative process is reduced in old mice. Conclusions Our data suggest that PDGFRβ lineage cells function as MPCs in young mice, while the same PDGFRβ lineage cells from old mice undergo a fate switch participating in adipose and fibrotic tissue infiltration in aged muscle. The inhibition of fate-switching in PDGFRβ lineage cells may represent a potential approach to prevent fibrosis and fatty infiltration in skeletal muscle during the aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiping Lu
- Center for Regenerative and Personalized Medicine, Steadman Philippon Research Institute, 181 West Meadow Drive, Suite 1000, Vail, CO, 81657, USA.
| | - Chieh Tseng
- M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Ping Guo
- Center for Regenerative and Personalized Medicine, Steadman Philippon Research Institute, 181 West Meadow Drive, Suite 1000, Vail, CO, 81657, USA
| | - Zhanguo Gao
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Kaitlyn E Whitney
- Center for Regenerative and Personalized Medicine, Steadman Philippon Research Institute, 181 West Meadow Drive, Suite 1000, Vail, CO, 81657, USA
| | - Mikhail G Kolonin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Johnny Huard
- Center for Regenerative and Personalized Medicine, Steadman Philippon Research Institute, 181 West Meadow Drive, Suite 1000, Vail, CO, 81657, USA.
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26
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Bidirectional roles of skeletal muscle fibro-adipogenic progenitors in homeostasis and disease. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 80:101682. [PMID: 35809776 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sarcopenia and myopathies cause progressive muscle weakness and degeneration, which are closely associated with fat infiltration and fibrosis in muscle. Recently, experimental research has shed light on fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs), also known as muscle-resident mesenchymal progenitors with multiple differentiation potential for adipogenesis, fibrosis, osteogenesis and chondrogenesis. They are considered key regulators of muscle homeostasis and integrity. They play supportive roles in muscle development and repair by orchestrating the regulatory interplay between muscle stem cells (MuSCs) and immune cells. Interestingly, FAPs also contribute to intramuscular fat infiltration, fibrosis and other pathologies when the functional integrity of the network is compromised. In this review, we summarize recent insights into the roles of FAPs in maintenance of skeletal muscle homeostasis, and discuss the underlying mechanisms regulating FAPs behavior and fate, highlighting their roles in participating in efficient muscle repair and fat infiltrated muscle degeneration as well as during muscle atrophy. We suggest that controlling and predicting FAPs differentiation may become a promising strategy to improve muscle function and prevent irreparable muscle damage.
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27
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Potluri T, Taylor MJ, Stulberg JJ, Lieber RL, Zhao H, Bulun SE. An estrogen-sensitive fibroblast population drives abdominal muscle fibrosis in an inguinal hernia mouse model. JCI Insight 2022; 7:e152011. [PMID: 35439171 PMCID: PMC9090253 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.152011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Greater than 25% of all men develop an inguinal hernia in their lifetime, and more than 20 million inguinal hernia repair surgeries are performed worldwide each year. The mechanisms causing abdominal muscle weakness, the formation of inguinal hernias, or their recurrence are largely unknown. We previously reported that excessively produced estrogen in the lower abdominal muscles (LAMs) triggers extensive LAM fibrosis, leading to hernia formation in a transgenic male mouse model expressing the human aromatase gene (Aromhum). To understand the cellular basis of estrogen-driven muscle fibrosis, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing on LAM tissue from Aromhum and wild-type littermates. We found a fibroblast-like cell group composed of 6 clusters, 2 of which were validated for their enrichment in Aromhum LAM tissue. One of the potentially novel hernia-associated fibroblast clusters in Aromhum was enriched for the estrogen receptor-α gene (Esr1hi). Esr1hi fibroblasts maximally expressed estrogen target genes and seemed to serve as the progenitors of another cluster expressing ECM-altering enzymes (Mmp3hi) and to upregulate expression of proinflammatory, profibrotic genes. The discovery of these 2 potentially novel and unique hernia-associated fibroblasts may lead to the development of novel treatments that can nonsurgically prevent or reverse inguinal hernias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanvi Potluri
- Division of Reproductive Science in Medicine, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, and
| | - Matthew J. Taylor
- Division of Reproductive Science in Medicine, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, and
| | - Jonah J. Stulberg
- Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Richard L. Lieber
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
- Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Hong Zhao
- Division of Reproductive Science in Medicine, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, and
| | - Serdar E. Bulun
- Division of Reproductive Science in Medicine, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, and
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28
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Fernández-Simón E, Suárez-Calvet X, Carrasco-Rozas A, Piñol-Jurado P, López-Fernández S, Pons G, Bech Serra JJ, de la Torre C, de Luna N, Gallardo E, Díaz-Manera J. RhoA/ROCK2 signalling is enhanced by PDGF-AA in fibro-adipogenic progenitor cells: implications for Duchenne muscular dystrophy. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2022; 13:1373-1384. [PMID: 35132805 PMCID: PMC8977967 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The lack of dystrophin expression in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) induces muscle fibre and replacement by fibro-adipose tissue. Although the role of some growth factors in the process of fibrogenesis has been studied, pathways activated by PDGF-AA have not been described so far. Our aim was to study the molecular role of PDGF-AA in the fibrotic process of DMD. METHODS Skeletal muscle fibro-adipogenic progenitor cells (FAPs) from three DMD treated with PDGF-AA at 50 ng/mL were analysed by quantitative mass spectrometry-based proteomics. Western-blot, immunofluorescence, and G-LISA were used to confirm the mass spectrometry results. We evaluated the effects of PDGF-AA on the activation of RhoA pathway using two inhibitors, C3-exoenzyme and fasudil. Cell proliferation and migration were determined by BrdU and migration assay. Actin reorganization and collagen synthesis were measured by phalloidin staining and Sircol assay, respectively. In an in vivo proof of concept study, we treated dba/2J-mdx mice with fasudil for 6 weeks. Muscle strength was assessed with the grip strength. Immunofluorescence and flow cytometry analyses were used to study fibrotic and inflammatory markers in muscle tissue. RESULTS Mass spectrometry revealed that RhoA pathway proteins were up-regulated in treated compared with non-treated DMD FAPs (n = 3, mean age = 8 ± 1.15 years old). Validation of proteomic data showed that Arhgef2 expression was significantly increased in DMD muscles compared with healthy controls by a 7.7-fold increase (n = 2, mean age = 8 ± 1.14 years old). In vitro studies showed that RhoA/ROCK2 pathway was significantly activated by PDGF-AA (n = 3, 1.88-fold increase, P < 0.01) and both C3-exoenzyme and fasudil blocked that activation (n = 3, P < 0.05 and P < 0.001, respectively). The activation of RhoA pathway by PDGF-AA promoted a significant increase in proliferation and migration of FAPs (n = 3, P < 0.001), while C3-exoenzyme and fasudil inhibited FAPs proliferation at 72 h and migration at 48 and 72 h (n = 3, P < 0.001). In vivo studies showed that fasudil improved muscle function (n = 5 non-treated dba/2J-mdx and n = 6 treated dba/2J-mdx, 1.76-fold increase, P < 0.013), and histological studies demonstrated a 23% reduction of collagen-I expression area (n = 5 non-treated dba/2J-mdx and n = 6 treated dba/2J-mdx, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that PDGF-AA promotes the activation of RhoA pathway in FAPs from DMD patients. This pathway could be involved in FAPs activation promoting its proliferation, migration, and actin reorganization, which represents the beginning of the fibrotic process. The inhibition of RhoA pathway could be considered as a potential therapeutic target for muscle fibrosis in patients with muscular dystrophies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Fernández-Simón
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau and Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Center, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Xavier Suárez-Calvet
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau and Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Carrasco-Rozas
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau and Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Patricia Piñol-Jurado
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau and Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Center, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Susana López-Fernández
- Plastic Surgery Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Pons
- Plastic Surgery Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Noemí de Luna
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau and Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduard Gallardo
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau and Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jordi Díaz-Manera
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau and Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain.,John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Center, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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29
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Activation of the ATX/LPA/LPARs axis induces a fibrotic response in skeletal muscle. Matrix Biol 2022; 109:121-139. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2022.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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30
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Yang S, Yang J, Zhao H, Deng R, Fan H, Zhang J, Yang Z, Zeng H, Kuang B, Shao L. The Protective Effects of γ-Tocotrienol on Muscle Stem Cells Through Inhibiting Reactive Oxidative Stress Production. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:820520. [PMID: 35372342 PMCID: PMC8965065 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.820520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudotrophic muscular dystrophy is a common clinical skeletal muscle necrotic disease, among which Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is the predominant. For such diseases, there is no clinically effective treatment, which is only symptomatic or palliative treatment. Oxidative stress and chronic inflammation are common pathological features of DMD. In recent years, it has been found that the pathophysiological changes of skeletal muscle in DMD mice are related to muscle stem cell failure. In the present study, we established a DMD mice model and provided tocotrienol (γ-tocotrienol, GT3), an antioxidant compound, to explore the relationship between the physiological state of muscle stem cells and oxidative stress. The results showed that the application of GT3 can reduce ROS production and cellular proliferation in the muscle stem cells of DMD mice, which is beneficial to promote the recovery of muscle stem cell function in DMD mice. GT3 treatment improved the differentiation ability of muscle stem cells in DMD mice with increasing numbers of MyoD+ cells. GT3 application significantly decreased percentages of CD45+ cells and PDGFRα+ fibro-adipogenic progenitors in the tibialis anterior of DMD mice, indicating that the increased inflammation and fibro-adipogenic progenitors were attenuated in GT3-treated DMD mice. These data suggest that increased ROS production causes dysfunctional muscle stem cell in DMD mice, which might provide a new avenue to treat DMD patients in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Yang
- Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Juan Yang
- Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Huiwen Zhao
- Department of Biological Genetics, School of Basic Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Rong Deng
- Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Hancheng Fan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jinfu Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zihao Yang
- Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Huihong Zeng
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Bohai Kuang
- Department of Biological Genetics, School of Basic Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Lijian Shao
- Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- *Correspondence: Lijian Shao,
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31
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Molina T, Fabre P, Dumont NA. Fibro-adipogenic progenitors in skeletal muscle homeostasis, regeneration and diseases. Open Biol 2021; 11:210110. [PMID: 34875199 PMCID: PMC8651418 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.210110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle possesses a remarkable regenerative capacity that relies on the activity of muscle stem cells, also known as satellite cells. The presence of non-myogenic cells also plays a key role in the coordination of skeletal muscle regeneration. Particularly, fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) emerged as master regulators of muscle stem cell function and skeletal muscle regeneration. This population of muscle resident mesenchymal stromal cells has been initially characterized based on its bi-potent ability to differentiate into fibroblasts or adipocytes. New technologies such as single-cell RNAseq revealed the cellular heterogeneity of FAPs and their complex regulatory network during muscle regeneration. In acute injury, FAPs rapidly enter the cell cycle and secrete trophic factors that support the myogenic activity of muscle stem cells. Conversely, deregulation of FAP cell activity is associated with the accumulation of fibrofatty tissue in pathological conditions such as muscular dystrophies and ageing. Considering their central role in skeletal muscle pathophysiology, the regulatory mechanisms of FAPs and their cellular and molecular crosstalk with muscle stem cells are highly investigated in the field. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on FAP cell characteristics, heterogeneity and the cellular crosstalk during skeletal muscle homeostasis and regeneration. We further describe their role in muscular disorders, as well as different therapeutic strategies targeting these cells to restore muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Molina
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Paul Fabre
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nicolas A. Dumont
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,School of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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32
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Dort J, Orfi Z, Fabre P, Molina T, Conte TC, Greffard K, Pellerito O, Bilodeau JF, Dumont NA. Resolvin-D2 targets myogenic cells and improves muscle regeneration in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6264. [PMID: 34716330 PMCID: PMC8556273 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26516-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lack of dystrophin causes muscle degeneration, which is exacerbated by chronic inflammation and reduced regenerative capacity of muscle stem cells in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD). To date, glucocorticoids remain the gold standard for the treatment of DMD. These drugs are able to slow down the progression of the disease and increase lifespan by dampening the chronic and excessive inflammatory process; however, they also have numerous harmful side effects that hamper their therapeutic potential. Here, we investigated Resolvin-D2 as a new therapeutic alternative having the potential to target multiple key features contributing to the disease progression. Our in vitro findings showed that Resolvin-D2 promotes the switch of macrophages toward their anti-inflammatory phenotype and increases their secretion of pro-myogenic factors. Moreover, Resolvin-D2 directly targets myogenic cells and promotes their differentiation and the expansion of the pool of myogenic progenitor cells leading to increased myogenesis. These effects are ablated when the receptor Gpr18 is knocked-out, knocked-down, or blocked by the pharmacological antagonist O-1918. Using different mouse models of DMD, we showed that Resolvin-D2 targets both inflammation and myogenesis leading to enhanced muscle function compared to glucocorticoids. Overall, this preclinical study has identified a new therapeutic approach that is more potent than the gold-standard treatment for DMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junio Dort
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
- School of rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Zakaria Orfi
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of pharmacology and physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Paul Fabre
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of pharmacology and physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Thomas Molina
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of pharmacology and physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Talita C Conte
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of pharmacology and physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Karine Greffard
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, CHU de Québec-Laval University Research Center, Quebec city, QC, Canada
| | | | - Jean-François Bilodeau
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, CHU de Québec-Laval University Research Center, Quebec city, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec city, QC, Canada
| | - Nicolas A Dumont
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- School of rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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33
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Mallard J, Hucteau E, Hureau TJ, Pagano AF. Skeletal Muscle Deconditioning in Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy: Current Knowledge and Insights From Other Cancers. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:719643. [PMID: 34595171 PMCID: PMC8476809 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.719643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer represents the most commonly diagnosed cancer while neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapies are extensively used in order to reduce tumor development and improve disease-free survival. However, chemotherapy also leads to severe off-target side-effects resulting, together with the tumor itself, in major skeletal muscle deconditioning. This review first focuses on recent advances in both macroscopic changes and cellular mechanisms implicated in skeletal muscle deconditioning of breast cancer patients, particularly as a consequence of the chemotherapy treatment. To date, only six clinical studies used muscle biopsies in breast cancer patients and highlighted several important aspects of muscle deconditioning such as a decrease in muscle fibers cross-sectional area, a dysregulation of protein turnover balance and mitochondrial alterations. However, in comparison with the knowledge accumulated through decades of intensive research with many different animal and human models of muscle atrophy, more studies are necessary to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the cellular processes implicated in breast cancer-mediated muscle deconditioning. This understanding is indeed essential to ultimately lead to the implementation of efficient preventive strategies such as exercise, nutrition or pharmacological treatments. We therefore also discuss potential mechanisms implicated in muscle deconditioning by drawing a parallel with other cancer cachexia models of muscle wasting, both at the pre-clinical and clinical levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joris Mallard
- Institut de Cancérologie Strasbourg Europe (ICANS), Strasbourg, France.,Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg (CRBS), Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle, UR 3072, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Faculté des Sciences du Sport, Centre Européen d'Enseignement de Recherche et d'Innovation en Physiologie de l'Exercice (CEERIPE), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Elyse Hucteau
- Institut de Cancérologie Strasbourg Europe (ICANS), Strasbourg, France.,Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg (CRBS), Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle, UR 3072, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Faculté des Sciences du Sport, Centre Européen d'Enseignement de Recherche et d'Innovation en Physiologie de l'Exercice (CEERIPE), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Thomas J Hureau
- Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg (CRBS), Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle, UR 3072, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Faculté des Sciences du Sport, Centre Européen d'Enseignement de Recherche et d'Innovation en Physiologie de l'Exercice (CEERIPE), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Allan F Pagano
- Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg (CRBS), Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle, UR 3072, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Faculté des Sciences du Sport, Centre Européen d'Enseignement de Recherche et d'Innovation en Physiologie de l'Exercice (CEERIPE), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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34
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Huang X, Khoong Y, Han C, Su D, Ma H, Gu S, Li Q, Zan T. Targeting Dermal Fibroblast Subtypes in Antifibrotic Therapy: Surface Marker as a Cellular Identity or a Functional Entity? Front Physiol 2021; 12:694605. [PMID: 34335301 PMCID: PMC8319956 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.694605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblasts are the chief effector cells in fibrotic diseases and have been discovered to be highly heterogeneous. Recently, fibroblast heterogeneity in human skin has been studied extensively and several surface markers for dermal fibroblast subtypes have been identified, holding promise for future antifibrotic therapies. However, it has yet to be confirmed whether surface markers should be looked upon as merely lineage landmarks or as functional entities of fibroblast subtypes, which may further complicate the interpretation of cellular function of these fibroblast subtypes. This review aims to provide an update on current evidence on fibroblast surface markers in fibrotic disorders of skin as well as of other organ systems. Specifically, studies where surface markers were treated as lineage markers and manipulated as functional membrane proteins are both evaluated in parallel, hoping to reveal the underlying mechanism behind the pathogenesis of tissue fibrosis contributed by various fibroblast subtypes from multiple angles, shedding lights on future translational researches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Huang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yimin Khoong
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengyao Han
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dai Su
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Ma
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuchen Gu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingfeng Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Zan
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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35
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Contreras O, Rossi FMV, Theret M. Origins, potency, and heterogeneity of skeletal muscle fibro-adipogenic progenitors-time for new definitions. Skelet Muscle 2021; 11:16. [PMID: 34210364 PMCID: PMC8247239 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-021-00265-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Striated muscle is a highly plastic and regenerative organ that regulates body movement, temperature, and metabolism-all the functions needed for an individual's health and well-being. The muscle connective tissue's main components are the extracellular matrix and its resident stromal cells, which continuously reshape it in embryonic development, homeostasis, and regeneration. Fibro-adipogenic progenitors are enigmatic and transformative muscle-resident interstitial cells with mesenchymal stem/stromal cell properties. They act as cellular sentinels and physiological hubs for adult muscle homeostasis and regeneration by shaping the microenvironment by secreting a complex cocktail of extracellular matrix components, diffusible cytokines, ligands, and immune-modulatory factors. Fibro-adipogenic progenitors are the lineage precursors of specialized cells, including activated fibroblasts, adipocytes, and osteogenic cells after injury. Here, we discuss current research gaps, potential druggable developments, and outstanding questions about fibro-adipogenic progenitor origins, potency, and heterogeneity. Finally, we took advantage of recent advances in single-cell technologies combined with lineage tracing to unify the diversity of stromal fibro-adipogenic progenitors. Thus, this compelling review provides new cellular and molecular insights in comprehending the origins, definitions, markers, fate, and plasticity of murine and human fibro-adipogenic progenitors in muscle development, homeostasis, regeneration, and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osvaldo Contreras
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia.
- St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, 2052, Australia.
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular and Center for Aging and Regeneration (CARE-ChileUC), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8331150, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Fabio M V Rossi
- Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Medical Genetics and School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Marine Theret
- Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Medical Genetics and School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
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36
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Alonso-Jiménez A, Fernández-Simón E, Natera-de Benito D, Ortez C, García C, Montiel E, Belmonte I, Pedrosa I, Segovia S, Piñol-Jurado P, Carrasco-Rozas A, Suárez-Calvet X, Jimenez-Mallebrera C, Nascimento A, Llauger J, Nuñez-Peralta C, Montesinos P, Alonso-Pérez J, Gallardo E, Illa I, Díaz-Manera J. Platelet Derived Growth Factor-AA Correlates With Muscle Function Tests and Quantitative Muscle Magnetic Resonance in Dystrophinopathies. Front Neurol 2021; 12:659922. [PMID: 34177765 PMCID: PMC8226260 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.659922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Duchenne (DMD) and Becker (BMD) muscular dystrophy are X-linked muscular disorders produced by mutations in the DMD gene which encodes the protein dystrophin. Both diseases are characterized by progressive involvement of skeletal, cardiac, and respiratory muscles. As new treatment strategies become available, reliable biomarkers and outcome measures that can monitor disease progression are needed for clinical trials. Methods: We collected clinical and functional data and blood samples from 19 DMD patients, 13 BMD patients, and 66 healthy controls (8 pediatric and 58 adult controls), and blood samples from 15 patients with dysferlinopathy (DYSF) and studied the serum concentration of 4 growth factors involved in the process of muscle fibrosis. We correlated the serum concentration of these growth factors with several muscle function tests, spirometry results and fat fraction identified by quantitative Dixon muscle MRI. Results: We found significant differences in the serum concentration of Platelet Derived Growth Factor-AA (PDGF-AA) between DMD patients and pediatric controls, in Connective Tissue Growth Factor (CTGF) between BMD patients and adult controls, and in and Transforming Growth Factor- β1 (TGF-β1) between BMD and DYSF patients. PDGF-AA showed a good correlation with several muscle function tests for both DMD and BMD patients and with thigh fat fraction in BMD patients. Moreover, PDGF-AA levels were increased in muscle biopsies of patients with DMD and BMD as was demonstrated by immunohistochemistry and Real-Time PCR studies. Conclusion: Our study suggests that PDGF-AA should be further investigated in a larger cohort of DMD and BMD patients because it might be a good biomarker candidate to monitor the progression of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Alonso-Jiménez
- Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Departament de Medicina. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Neurology Department, Neuromuscular Reference Center, University Hospital of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Esther Fernández-Simón
- Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Departament de Medicina. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain.,John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, International Centre for Life, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Natera-de Benito
- Neuromuscular Unit, Neuropediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Ortez
- Neuromuscular Unit, Neuropediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carme García
- Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Montiel
- Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Izaskun Belmonte
- Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irene Pedrosa
- Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sonia Segovia
- Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Departament de Medicina. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Patricia Piñol-Jurado
- Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Departament de Medicina. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain.,John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, International Centre for Life, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Ana Carrasco-Rozas
- Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Departament de Medicina. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Suárez-Calvet
- Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Departament de Medicina. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cecilia Jimenez-Mallebrera
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain.,Neuromuscular Unit, Neuropediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain.,Departamento de Genética, Microbiología y Estadística, Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrés Nascimento
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain.,Neuromuscular Unit, Neuropediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaume Llauger
- Radiology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Claudia Nuñez-Peralta
- Radiology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Jorge Alonso-Pérez
- Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Departament de Medicina. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Gallardo
- Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Departament de Medicina. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabel Illa
- Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Departament de Medicina. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Díaz-Manera
- Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Departament de Medicina. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain.,John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, International Centre for Life, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
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Contreras O, Córdova-Casanova A, Brandan E. PDGF-PDGFR network differentially regulates the fate, migration, proliferation, and cell cycle progression of myogenic cells. Cell Signal 2021; 84:110036. [PMID: 33971280 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.110036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Platelet-derived growth factors (PDGFs) regulate embryonic development, tissue regeneration, and wound healing through their binding to PDGF receptors, PDGFRα and PDGFRβ. However, the role of PDGF signaling in regulating muscle development and regeneration remains elusive, and the cellular and molecular responses of myogenic cells are understudied. Here, we explore the PDGF-PDGFR gene expression changes and their involvement in skeletal muscle myogenesis and myogenic fate. By surveying bulk RNA sequencing and single-cell profiling data of skeletal muscle stem cells, we show that myogenic progenitors and muscle stem cells differentially express PDGF ligands and PDGF receptors during myogenesis. Quiescent adult muscle stem cells and myoblasts preferentially express PDGFRβ over PDGFRα. Remarkably, cell culture- and injury-induced muscle stem cell activation altered PDGF family gene expression. In myoblasts, PDGF-AB and PDGF-BB treatments activate two pro-chemotactic and pro-mitogenic downstream transducers, RAS-ERK1/2 and PI3K-AKT. PDGFRs inhibitor AG1296 inhibited ERK1/2 and AKT activation, myoblast migration, proliferation, and cell cycle progression induced by PDGF-AB and PDGF-BB. We also found that AG1296 causes myoblast G0/G1 cell cycle arrest. Remarkably, PDGF-AA did not promote a noticeable ERK1/2 or AKT activation, myoblast migration, or expansion. Also, myogenic differentiation reduced the expression of both PDGFRα and PDGFRβ, whereas forced PDGFRα expression impaired myogenesis. Thus, our data highlight PDGF signaling pathway to stimulate satellite cell proliferation aiming to enhance skeletal muscle regeneration and provide a deeper understanding of the role of PDGF signaling in non-fibroblastic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osvaldo Contreras
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington 2052, Australia; Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular and Center for Aging and Regeneration (CARE-ChileUC), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8331150 Santiago, Chile.
| | - Adriana Córdova-Casanova
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular and Center for Aging and Regeneration (CARE-ChileUC), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8331150 Santiago, Chile
| | - Enrique Brandan
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular and Center for Aging and Regeneration (CARE-ChileUC), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8331150 Santiago, Chile; Fundación Ciencia & Vida, 7780272 Santiago, Chile
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38
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Theret M, Rossi FMV, Contreras O. Evolving Roles of Muscle-Resident Fibro-Adipogenic Progenitors in Health, Regeneration, Neuromuscular Disorders, and Aging. Front Physiol 2021; 12:673404. [PMID: 33959042 PMCID: PMC8093402 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.673404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Normal skeletal muscle functions are affected following trauma, chronic diseases, inherited neuromuscular disorders, aging, and cachexia, hampering the daily activities and quality of life of the affected patients. The maladaptive accumulation of fibrous intramuscular connective tissue and fat are hallmarks of multiple pathologies where chronic damage and inflammation are not resolved, leading to progressive muscle replacement and tissue degeneration. Muscle-resident fibro-adipogenic progenitors are adaptable stromal cells with multilineage potential. They are required for muscle homeostasis, neuromuscular integrity, and tissue regeneration. Fibro-adipogenic progenitors actively regulate and shape the extracellular matrix and exert immunomodulatory functions via cross-talk with multiple other residents and non-resident muscle cells. Remarkably, cumulative evidence shows that a significant proportion of activated fibroblasts, adipocytes, and bone-cartilage cells, found after muscle trauma and disease, descend from these enigmatic interstitial progenitors. Despite the profound impact of muscle disease on human health, the fibrous, fatty, and ectopic bone tissues' origins are poorly understood. Here, we review the current knowledge of fibro-adipogenic progenitor function on muscle homeostatic integrity, regeneration, repair, and aging. We also discuss how scar-forming pathologies and disorders lead to dysregulations in their behavior and plasticity and how these stromal cells can control the onset and severity of muscle loss in disease. We finally explore the rationale of improving muscle regeneration by understanding and modulating fibro-adipogenic progenitors' fate and behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Theret
- Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Medical Genetics, School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Fabio M. V. Rossi
- Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Medical Genetics, School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Osvaldo Contreras
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Center for Aging and Regeneration (CARE-ChileUC), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- St. Vincent’s Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
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39
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Theret M, Low M, Rempel L, Li FF, Tung LW, Contreras O, Chang CK, Wu A, Soliman H, Rossi FMV. In vitro assessment of anti-fibrotic drug activity does not predict in vivo efficacy in murine models of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Life Sci 2021; 279:119482. [PMID: 33891939 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
AIM Fibrosis is the most common complication from chronic diseases, and yet no therapy capable of mitigating its effects is available. Our goal is to unveil specific signaling regulating the fibrogenic process and to identify potential small molecule candidates that block fibrogenic differentiation of fibro/adipogenic progenitors. METHOD We performed a large-scale drug screen using muscle-resident fibro/adipogenic progenitors from a mouse model expressing EGFP under the Collagen1a1 promotor. We first confirmed that the EGFP was expressed in response to TGFβ1 stimulation in vitro. Then we treated cells with TGFβ1 alone or with drugs from two libraries of known compounds. The drugs ability to block the fibrogenic differentiation was quantified by imaging and flow cytometry. From a two-rounds screening, positive hits were tested in vivo in the mice model for the Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (mdx mice). The histopathology of the muscles was assessed with picrosirius red (fibrosis) and laminin staining (myofiber size). KEY FINDINGS From the in vitro drug screening, we identified 21 drugs and tested 3 in vivo on the mdx mice. None of the three drugs significantly improved muscle histopathology. SIGNIFICANCE The in vitro drug screen identified various efficient compounds, none of them strongly inhibited fibrosis in skeletal muscle of mdx mice. To explain these observations, we hypothesize that in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, in which fibrosis is a secondary event due to chronic degeneration and inflammation, the drugs tested could have adverse effect on regeneration or inflammation, balancing off any positive effects and leading to the absence of significant results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Theret
- School of Biomedical Engineering and the Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Medical Genetics, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada.
| | - Marcela Low
- School of Biomedical Engineering and the Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Medical Genetics, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Lucas Rempel
- School of Biomedical Engineering and the Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Medical Genetics, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Fang Fang Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering and the Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Medical Genetics, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Lin Wei Tung
- School of Biomedical Engineering and the Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Medical Genetics, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Osvaldo Contreras
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular and Center for Aging and Regeneration (CARE-ChileUC), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8331150 Santiago, Chile
| | - Chih-Kai Chang
- School of Biomedical Engineering and the Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Medical Genetics, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Andrew Wu
- School of Biomedical Engineering and the Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Medical Genetics, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Hesham Soliman
- School of Biomedical Engineering and the Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Medical Genetics, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Fabio M V Rossi
- School of Biomedical Engineering and the Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Medical Genetics, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
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40
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Parker E, Hamrick MW. Role of fibro-adipogenic progenitor cells in muscle atrophy and musculoskeletal diseases. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2021; 58:1-7. [PMID: 33839480 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2021.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Maintaining muscle mass is clinically important as muscle helps to regulate metabolic systems of the body as well as support activities of daily living that require mobility, strength, and power. Losing muscle mass decreases an individual's independence and quality of life, and at the same time increases the risk of disease burden. Fibro-adipogenic progenitor (FAP) cells are a group of muscle progenitor cells that play an important role in muscle regeneration and maintenance of skeletal muscle fiber size. These important functions of FAPs are mediated by a complex secretome that interacts in a paracrine manner to stimulate muscle satellite cells to divide and differentiate. Dysregulation of FAP differentiation leads to fibrosis, fatty infiltration, muscle atrophy, and impaired muscle regeneration. Functional deficits in skeletal muscle resulting from atrophy, fibrosis, or fatty infiltration will reduce biomechanical stresses on the skeleton, and both FAP-derived adipocytes and FAPs themselves are likely to secrete factors that can induce bone loss. These findings suggest that FAPs represent a cell population to be targeted therapeutically to improve both muscle and bone health in settings of aging, injury, and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Parker
- Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Mark W Hamrick
- Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.
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41
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Farini A, Sitzia C, Villa C, Cassani B, Tripodi L, Legato M, Belicchi M, Bella P, Lonati C, Gatti S, Cerletti M, Torrente Y. Defective dystrophic thymus determines degenerative changes in skeletal muscle. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2099. [PMID: 33833239 PMCID: PMC8032677 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22305-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), sarcolemma fragility and myofiber necrosis produce cellular debris that attract inflammatory cells. Macrophages and T-lymphocytes infiltrate muscles in response to damage-associated molecular pattern signalling and the release of TNF-α, TGF-β and interleukins prevent skeletal muscle improvement from the inflammation. This immunological scenario was extended by the discovery of a specific response to muscle antigens and a role for regulatory T cells (Tregs) in muscle regeneration. Normally, autoimmunity is avoided by autoreactive T-lymphocyte deletion within thymus, while in the periphery Tregs monitor effector T-cells escaping from central regulatory control. Here, we report impairment of thymus architecture of mdx mice together with decreased expression of ghrelin, autophagy dysfunction and AIRE down-regulation. Transplantation of dystrophic thymus in recipient nude mice determine the up-regulation of inflammatory/fibrotic markers, marked metabolic breakdown that leads to muscle atrophy and loss of force. These results indicate that involution of dystrophic thymus exacerbates muscular dystrophy by altering central immune tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Farini
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Unit of Neurology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Centro Dino Ferrari, Milan, Italy
| | - Clementina Sitzia
- Residency Program in Clinical Pathology and Clinical Biochemistry, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Villa
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Unit of Neurology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Centro Dino Ferrari, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Cassani
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche-Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (CNR-IRGB), Milan Unit, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Humanitas clinical and research center, Rozzano, 20089, Milan, Italy
| | - Luana Tripodi
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Unit of Neurology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Centro Dino Ferrari, Milan, Italy
| | - Mariella Legato
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Unit of Neurology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Centro Dino Ferrari, Milan, Italy
| | - Marzia Belicchi
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Unit of Neurology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Centro Dino Ferrari, Milan, Italy
| | - Pamela Bella
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Unit of Neurology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Centro Dino Ferrari, Milan, Italy
| | - Caterina Lonati
- Center for Surgical Research, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Gatti
- Center for Surgical Research, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Cerletti
- UCL Research Department for Surgical Biotechnology, University College London, London, UK
- UCL Institute for Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, London, UK
| | - Yvan Torrente
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Unit of Neurology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Centro Dino Ferrari, Milan, Italy.
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42
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Reichert D, Adolph L, Köhler JP, Buschmann T, Luedde T, Häussinger D, Kordes C. Improved Recovery from Liver Fibrosis by Crenolanib. Cells 2021; 10:804. [PMID: 33916518 PMCID: PMC8067177 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic liver diseases are associated with excessive deposition of extracellular matrix proteins. This so-called fibrosis can progress to cirrhosis and impair vital functions of the liver. We examined whether the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) class III inhibitor Crenolanib affects the behavior of hepatic stellate cells (HSC) involved in fibrogenesis. Rats were treated with thioacetamide (TAA) for 18 weeks to trigger fibrosis. After TAA treatment, the animals received Crenolanib for two weeks, which significantly improved recovery from liver fibrosis. Because Crenolanib predominantly inhibits the RTK platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β, impaired HSC proliferation might be responsible for this beneficial effect. Interestingly, blocking of RTK signaling by Crenolanib not only hindered HSC proliferation but also triggered their specification into hepatic endoderm. Endodermal specification was mediated by p38 mitogen-activated kinase (p38 MAPK) and c-Jun-activated kinase (JNK) signaling; however, this process remained incomplete, and the HSC accumulated lipids. JNK activation was induced by stress response-associated inositol-requiring enzyme-1α (IRE1α) in response to Crenolanib treatment, whereas β-catenin-dependent WNT signaling was able to counteract this process. In conclusion, the Crenolanib-mediated inhibition of RTK impeded HSC proliferation and triggered stress responses, initiating developmental processes in HSC that might have contributed to improved recovery from liver fibrosis in TAA-treated rats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Claus Kordes
- Clinic of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstraße 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (D.R.); (L.A.); (J.P.K.); (T.B.); (T.L.); (D.H.)
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43
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Santini MP, Malide D, Hoffman G, Pandey G, D'Escamard V, Nomura-Kitabayashi A, Rovira I, Kataoka H, Ochando J, Harvey RP, Finkel T, Kovacic JC. Tissue-Resident PDGFRα + Progenitor Cells Contribute to Fibrosis versus Healing in a Context- and Spatiotemporally Dependent Manner. Cell Rep 2021; 30:555-570.e7. [PMID: 31940496 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.12.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PDGFRα+ mesenchymal progenitor cells are associated with pathological fibro-adipogenic processes. Conversely, a beneficial role for these cells during homeostasis or in response to revascularization and regeneration stimuli is suggested, but remains to be defined. We studied the molecular profile and function of PDGFRα+ cells in order to understand the mechanisms underlying their role in fibrosis versus regeneration. We show that PDGFRα+ cells are essential for tissue revascularization and restructuring through injury-stimulated remodeling of stromal and vascular components, context-dependent clonal expansion, and ultimate removal of pro-fibrotic PDGFRα+-derived cells. Tissue ischemia modulates the PDGFRα+ phenotype toward cells capable of remodeling the extracellular matrix and inducing cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion, likely favoring tissue repair. Conversely, pathological healing occurs if PDGFRα+-derived cells persist as terminally differentiated mesenchymal cells. These studies support a context-dependent "yin-yang" biology of tissue-resident mesenchymal progenitor cells, which possess an innate ability to limit injury expansion while also promoting fibrosis in an unfavorable environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Paola Santini
- Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (ISMMS), New York, NY 10029, USA.
| | - Daniela Malide
- Light Microscopy Core Facility, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Gabriel Hoffman
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, ISMMS, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Gaurav Pandey
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, ISMMS, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Valentina D'Escamard
- Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (ISMMS), New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Aya Nomura-Kitabayashi
- Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (ISMMS), New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Ilsa Rovira
- Center for Molecular Medicine, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | - Jordi Ochando
- Department of Medicine and Oncological Sciences, ISMMS, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Richard P Harvey
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; St. Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia; Stem Cells Australia, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Toren Finkel
- Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh/UPMC, 100 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Jason C Kovacic
- Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (ISMMS), New York, NY 10029, USA.
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44
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Thooyamani AS, Mukhopadhyay A. PDGFRα mediated survival of myofibroblasts inhibit satellite cell proliferation during aberrant regeneration of lacerated skeletal muscle. Sci Rep 2021; 11:63. [PMID: 33420132 PMCID: PMC7794387 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79771-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant regeneration or fibrosis in muscle is the denouement of deregulated cellular and molecular events that alter original tissue architecture due to accumulation of excessive extracellular matrix. The severity of the insult to the skeletal muscle determines the nature of regeneration. Numerous attempts at deciphering the mechanism underlying fibrosis and the subsequent strategies of drug therapies have yielded temporary solutions. Our intent is to understand the interaction between the myofibroblasts (MFs) and the satellite cells (SCs), during skeletal muscle regeneration. We hypothesize that MFs contribute to the impairment of SCs function by exhibiting an antagonistic influence on their proliferation. A modified laceration based skeletal muscle injury model in mouse was utilized to evaluate the dynamics between the SCs and MFs during wound healing. We show that the decline in MFs’ number through inhibition of PDGFRα signaling consequently promotes proliferation of the SCs and exhibits improved skeletal muscle remodeling. We further conclude that in situ administration of PDGFRα inhibitor prior to onset of fibrosis may attenuate aberrant regeneration. This opens new possibility for the early treatment of muscle fibrosis by specific targeting of MFs rather than transplantation of SCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abinaya Sundari Thooyamani
- Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India. .,, Abi Nivas, Subbanapalya Extension, Bangalore, 560043, India.
| | - Asok Mukhopadhyay
- Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India. .,, AA-602, Ashabari, Patuli, Kolkata, 700094, India.
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Bronisz-Budzyńska I, Kozakowska M, Podkalicka P, Kachamakova-Trojanowska N, Łoboda A, Dulak J. The role of Nrf2 in acute and chronic muscle injury. Skelet Muscle 2020; 10:35. [PMID: 33287890 PMCID: PMC7722332 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-020-00255-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is considered as a master cytoprotective factor regulating the expression of genes encoding anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and detoxifying proteins. The role of Nrf2 in the pathophysiology of skeletal muscles has been evaluated in different experimental models, however, due to inconsistent data, we aimed to investigate how Nrf2 transcriptional deficiency (Nrf2tKO) affects muscle functions both in an acute and chronic injury. The acute muscle damage was induced in mice of two genotypes-WT and Nrf2tKO mice by cardiotoxin (CTX) injection. To investigate the role of Nrf2 in chronic muscle pathology, mdx mice that share genetic, biochemical, and histopathological features with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) were crossed with mice lacking transcriptionally active Nrf2 and double knockouts (mdx/Nrf2tKO) were generated. To worsen the dystrophic phenotype, the analysis of disease pathology was also performed in aggravated conditions, by applying a long-term treadmill test. We have observed slightly increased muscle damage in Nrf2tKO mice after CTX injection. Nevertheless, transcriptional ablation of Nrf2 in mdx mice did not significantly aggravate the most deleterious, pathological hallmarks of DMD related to degeneration, inflammation, fibrotic scar formation, angiogenesis, and the number and proliferation of satellite cells in non-exercised conditions. On the other hand, upon chronic exercises, the degeneration and inflammatory infiltration of the gastrocnemius muscle, but not the diaphragm, turned to be increased in Nrf2tKOmdx in comparison to mdx mice. In conclusion, the lack of transcriptionally active Nrf2 influences moderately muscle pathology in acute CTX-induced muscle injury and chronic DMD mouse model, without affecting muscle functionality. Hence, in general, we demonstrated that the deficiency of Nrf2 transcriptional activity has no profound impact on muscle pathology in various models of muscle injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Bronisz-Budzyńska
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Magdalena Kozakowska
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Paulina Podkalicka
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | | | - Agnieszka Łoboda
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Józef Dulak
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
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Häussinger D, Kordes C. Space of Disse: a stem cell niche in the liver. Biol Chem 2020; 401:81-95. [PMID: 31318687 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2019-0283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent evidence indicates that the plasticity of preexisting hepatocytes and bile duct cells is responsible for the appearance of intermediate progenitor cells capable of restoring liver mass after injury without the need of a stem cell compartment. However, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) exist in all organs and are associated with blood vessels which represent their perivascular stem cell niche. MSCs are multipotent and can differentiate into several cell types and are known to support regenerative processes by the release of immunomodulatory and trophic factors. In the liver, the space of Disse constitutes a stem cell niche that harbors stellate cells as liver resident MSCs. This perivascular niche is created by extracellular matrix proteins, sinusoidal endothelial cells, liver parenchymal cells and sympathetic nerve endings and establishes a microenvironment that is suitable to maintain stellate cells and to control their fate. The stem cell niche integrity is important for the behavior of stellate cells in the normal, regenerative, aged and diseased liver. The niche character of the space of Disse may further explain why the liver can become an organ of extra-medullar hematopoiesis and why this organ is frequently prone to tumor metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dieter Häussinger
- Clinic of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Claus Kordes
- Clinic of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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Moore TM, Lin AJ, Strumwasser AR, Cory K, Whitney K, Ho T, Ho T, Lee JL, Rucker DH, Nguyen CQ, Yackly A, Mahata SK, Wanagat J, Stiles L, Turcotte LP, Crosbie RH, Zhou Z. Mitochondrial Dysfunction Is an Early Consequence of Partial or Complete Dystrophin Loss in mdx Mice. Front Physiol 2020; 11:690. [PMID: 32636760 PMCID: PMC7317021 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is characterized by rapid wasting of skeletal muscle. Mitochondrial dysfunction is a well-known pathological feature of DMD. However, whether mitochondrial dysfunction occurs before muscle fiber damage in DMD pathology is not well known. Furthermore, the impact upon heterozygous female mdx carriers (mdx/+), who display dystrophin mosaicism, has received little attention. We hypothesized that dystrophin deletion leads to mitochondrial dysfunction, and that this may occur before myofiber necrosis. As a secondary complication to mitochondrial dysfunction, we also hypothesized metabolic abnormalities prior to the onset of muscle damage. In this study, we detected aberrant mitochondrial morphology, reduced cristae number, and large mitochondrial vacuoles from both male and female mdx mice prior to the onset of muscle damage. Furthermore, we systematically characterized mitochondria during disease progression starting before the onset of muscle damage, noting additional changes in mitochondrial DNA copy number and regulators of mitochondrial size. We further detected mild metabolic and mitochondrial impairments in female mdx carrier mice that were exacerbated with high-fat diet feeding. Lastly, inhibition of the strong autophagic program observed in adolescent mdx male mice via administration of the autophagy inhibitor leupeptin did not improve skeletal muscle pathology. These results are in line with previous data and suggest that before the onset of myofiber necrosis, mitochondrial and metabolic abnormalities are present within the mdx mouse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy M. Moore
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dana & David Dornsife College of Letters, Arts, and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Hypertension, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Amanda J. Lin
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Hypertension, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Alexander R. Strumwasser
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Hypertension, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Kevin Cory
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Hypertension, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Kate Whitney
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Hypertension, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Theodore Ho
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Hypertension, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Timothy Ho
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Hypertension, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Joseph L. Lee
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Hypertension, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Daniel H. Rucker
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Hypertension, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Christina Q. Nguyen
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Hypertension, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Aidan Yackly
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Hypertension, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Sushil K. Mahata
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Jonathan Wanagat
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Linsey Stiles
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Hypertension, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Lorraine P. Turcotte
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dana & David Dornsife College of Letters, Arts, and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Rachelle H. Crosbie
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Zhenqi Zhou
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Hypertension, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Soliman H, Rossi FMV. Cardiac fibroblast diversity in health and disease. Matrix Biol 2020; 91-92:75-91. [PMID: 32446910 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2020.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The cardiac stroma plays essential roles in health and following cardiac damage. The major player of the stroma with respect to extracellular matrix deposition, maintenance and remodeling is the poorly defined fibroblast. It has long been recognized that there is considerable variability to the fibroblast phenotype. With the advent of new, high throughput analytical methods our understanding and appreciation of this heterogeneity has grown dramatically. This review aims to explore the diversity of cardiac fibroblasts and highlights new insights into the diverse nature of these cells and their progenitors as revealed by single cell sequencing and fate mapping studies. We propose that at least in part the observed heterogeneity is related to the existence of a differentiation cascade within stromal cells. Beyond in-organ heterogeneity, we also discuss how the stromal response to damage differs between non-regenerating organs such as the heart and regenerating organs such as skeletal muscle. In exploring possible causes for these differences, we outline that although fibrogenic cells from different organs overlap in many properties, they still possess organ-specific transcriptional signatures and differentiation biases that make them functionally distinct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesham Soliman
- Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T1Z3, Canada; Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Fabio M V Rossi
- Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T1Z3, Canada.
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Contreras O, Soliman H, Theret M, Rossi FMV, Brandan E. TGF-β-driven downregulation of the Wnt/β-Catenin transcription factor TCF7L2/TCF4 in PDGFRα+ fibroblasts. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:jcs.242297. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.242297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent progenitors essential for organogenesis, tissue homeostasis, regeneration, and scar formation. Tissue injury upregulates TGF-β signaling, which modulates myofibroblast fate, extracellular matrix remodeling, and fibrosis. However, the molecular determinants of MSCs differentiation and survival remain poorly understood. The canonical Wnt Tcf/Lef transcription factors regulate development and stemness, but the mechanisms by which injury-induced cues modulate their expression remain underexplored. Here, we studied the cell-specific gene expression of Tcf/Lef and, more specifically, we investigated whether damage-induced TGF-β impairs the expression and function of TCF7L2, using several models of MSCs, including skeletal muscle fibro-adipogenic progenitors. We show that Tcf/Lefs are differentially expressed and that TGF-β reduces the expression of TCF7L2 in MSCs but not in myoblasts. We also found that the ubiquitin-proteasome system regulates TCF7L2 proteostasis and participates in TGF-β-mediated TCF7L2 protein downregulation. Finally, we show that TGF-β requires HDACs activity to repress the expression of TCF7L2. Thus, our work found a novel interplay between TGF-β and Wnt canonical signaling cascades in PDGFRα+ fibroblasts and suggests that this mechanism could be targeted in tissue repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osvaldo Contreras
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular and Center for Aging and Regeneration (CARE-ChileUC), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8331150 Santiago, Chile
- Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Medical Genetics and School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, V6T 1Z3 Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Present address: Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - Hesham Soliman
- Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Medical Genetics and School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, V6T 1Z3 Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519 Minia, Egypt
| | - Marine Theret
- Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Medical Genetics and School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, V6T 1Z3 Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Fabio M. V. Rossi
- Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Medical Genetics and School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, V6T 1Z3 Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Enrique Brandan
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular and Center for Aging and Regeneration (CARE-ChileUC), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8331150 Santiago, Chile
- Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Santiago, Chile
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50
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Lemos DR, Duffield JS. Tissue-resident mesenchymal stromal cells: Implications for tissue-specific antifibrotic therapies. Sci Transl Med 2019; 10:10/426/eaan5174. [PMID: 29386358 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aan5174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Recent scientific findings support the notion that fibrosis is driven by tissue-specific cellular and molecular mechanisms. Analysis of seemingly equivalent mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) populations residing in different organs revealed unique properties and lineage capabilities that vary from one anatomical location to another. We review recently characterized tissue-resident MSC populations with a prominent role in fibrosis and highlight therapeutically relevant molecular pathways regulating their activity in chronic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario R Lemos
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA. .,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jeremy S Duffield
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. .,Research and Development, Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Boston, MA 02210, USA
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