1
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Wu Y, Xu J, Shen Y, Wang Y, Zheng Y. Daily agreeableness and acculturation processes in ethnic/racial minority freshmen: The role of inter-ethnic contact and perceived discrimination. J Pers 2023. [PMID: 37736003 DOI: 10.1111/jopy.12889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Having higher levels of mainstream cultural orientation (MCO), an important component of acculturation attitudes and behaviors, is beneficial for ethnic/racial minority students during the transitions into university. Scant research has investigated MCO at a micro daily timescale. This study examined how personality (agreeableness) functions in conjunction with interpersonal processes (inter-ethnic contact and perceived discrimination) to influence MCO as daily within-person processes. METHODS Multi-level structural equation modeling were used to analyze month-long daily diary data from 209 ethnic/racial minority freshmen (69% female). RESULTS There was a positive indirect association between agreeableness and MCO through inter-ethnic contact at both within- and between-person levels. At the within-person level, on days with lower (vs. higher) levels of ethnic/racial discrimination, higher levels of agreeableness were associated with higher levels of MCO. CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight the contributions of intensive longitudinal data in elucidating ethnic/racial minority students' personality and acculturation processes in daily life involving protective and risk factors on micro timescales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqun Wu
- Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jingyi Xu
- Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Yishan Shen
- School of Family and Consumer Sciences, Texas State University, San Marcos, United States
| | - Yijie Wang
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Michigan State University, East Lansing, United States
| | - Yao Zheng
- Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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2
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Kashyap V, Francis Z. Who believes in cross-age friendship? Predictors of the belief in intergenerational friendship scale in young adults. J Aging Stud 2023; 66:101157. [PMID: 37704275 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaging.2023.101157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Intergenerational contact is beneficial for both younger and older adults, but friendships that span across generations are uncommon. While this is partially due to situational factors, people's beliefs about the possibility of intergenerational friendship may also affect how they approach potential intergenerational interactions. In a sample of 209 students from a Canadian university, we validate the Beliefs in Intergenerational Friendship (BIGF) scale. Young adults were more likely to believe in intergenerational friendship if they had less ageist attitudes and if they were more conscientious, open, agreeable, and emotionally stable. Number of non-kin intergenerational social contacts (but not number of kin contacts) and closeness of an existing relationship with an older adult also predicted greater belief in intergenerational friendship. BIGF scores predicted willingness to regularly spend time with older adults and were a better predictor than either hostile or benevolent ageism. While not everyone believes that intergenerational friendships are possible, this novel scale may uniquely capture people's willingness to form relationships across generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varshaa Kashyap
- Department of Psychology, University of the Fraser Valley, Abbotsford, Canada
| | - Zoë Francis
- Department of Psychology, University of the Fraser Valley, Abbotsford, Canada.
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3
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Soler-Pastor E, Bobowik M, Benet-Martínez V, Repke L. Disentangling the Link between Diverse Social Networks and Creativity: The Role of Personality Traits. THE SPANISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2023; 26:e10. [PMID: 37114330 DOI: 10.1017/sjp.2023.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Past studies have shown that being exposed to ethnocultural diversity can positively impact individual creativity. Yet, little is known about the interplay between situational (i.e., diversity) and dispositional (e.g., personality) factors in predicting creativity. Taking a person-situation approach, we use social network data to test the moderating role of personality in the relationship between having an ethnoculturally diverse network and creativity. Moreover, we investigate these questions in a diverse community sample of immigrants residing in the city of Barcelona (N = 122). Moderation analyses revealed that network diversity predicted higher levels of creativity in migrant individuals with medium to high levels of extraversion, and in those with low to medium levels of emotional stability. These results highlight the need to acknowledge the important role played by interacting individual-level dispositions and more objective meso-level contextual conditions in explaining one's ability to think creatively, especially in samples that have traditionally been underrepresented in previous literature.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lydia Repke
- GESIS - Leibniz-Institut für Sozialwissenschaften (Germany)
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4
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Peresman A. Divergent responses to local diversity: Outgroup differences and the impact of personality. SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH 2023; 111:102852. [PMID: 36898787 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2023.102852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Research has shown that differences in personality can help explain attitudes towards immigration. Personality may also moderate the impact of local immigrant levels. Using attitudinal measures from the British Election Study, this research confirms the importance of all Big Five personality traits in predicting immigration attitudes in the UK and finds consistent evidence of an interaction between extraversion and local immigrant concentrations. In areas with high levels of immigrants, extraverted individuals are associated with more supportive immigration attitudes. Moreover, this study shows that the response to local immigrant levels varies by immigrant group. Levels of nonwhite immigrants and immigrants from predominantly Muslim countries are associated with greater levels of immigration hostility, whereas this is not the case for white immigrants or immigrants from Western and Eastern Europe. These findings demonstrate that an individual's response to local immigration levels depends on both their personality and the immigrant group in question.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Peresman
- The University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, United Kingdom; Aarhus University, Nordre Ringgade 1, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.
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5
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Friehs MT, Bracegirdle C, Reimer NK, Wölfer R, Schmidt P, Wagner U, Hewstone M. The Between-Person and Within-Person Effects of Intergroup Contact on Outgroup Attitudes: A Multi-Context Examination. SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PERSONALITY SCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.1177/19485506231153017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
The extensive literature on the contact hypothesis reports a positive association between intergroup contact and outgroup attitudes, yet it remains unknown whether this association reflects within-person (i.e., situational changes within individuals) or between-person (i.e., stable differences between individuals) effects. To investigate this question, we applied (random-intercept) cross-lagged panel models in two studies featuring different samples, measurements, and contexts. We found longitudinal contact–attitude associations in cross-lagged panel models, which cannot differentiate within-person and between-person effects. In random-intercept cross-lagged panel models, we identified between-person effects but not within-person effects. These results conflict with the contact hypothesis, which assumes that contact leads to intra-individual attitude change. We further investigated whether between-person effects represent spurious correlations caused by potential confounders (demographic characteristics, personality, and intergroup ideologies), but found that this was not the case. Our findings highlight the need to further investigate within-person effects and potential explanations of between-person differences in contact and attitudes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ralf Wölfer
- University of Oxford, UK
- Hochschule des Bundes für öffentliche Verwaltung, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter Schmidt
- Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Germany
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany
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6
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Cao X. The Anxiety Factor: Moral Traditionalism, Interpersonal Contact Diversity and Support for Transgender Candidates and Rights. JOURNAL OF HOMOSEXUALITY 2022; 69:2209-2232. [PMID: 34370623 DOI: 10.1080/00918369.2021.1935622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Given the prejudice against transgender people and the setbacks faced by transgender political candidates, an online survey was conducted (among a convenience sample of American adults recruited through Amazon Mechanical Turk) to investigate what influence public support for transgender candidates and rights and how to increase such support. The study found that moral traditionalism was negatively associated with support for transgender candidates and rights. The diversity of interpersonal contact with transgender individuals not only was positively related to the support but undermined the negative relationships between moral traditionalism and the support. More importantly, the study showed that anxiety toward transgender people mediated all the relationships observed here. These findings not only indicate how and why moral traditionalism and interpersonal contact diversity may affect public opinion toward transgender candidates and rights but also suggest ways to increase public support for transgender candidates and rights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Cao
- Department of Communication, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
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7
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‘When Theories Meet’: Approaching Intergroup Contact from a Self-Determination Theory Perspective. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.5334/irsp.681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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8
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The role of individual personality in conceptualizing and measuring group characteristics. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-020-00919-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
AbstractIn previous research, group characteristics have often been measured without taking the individual perspective of the group members into account. Therefore, the influence of individual personality (and other individual-level characteristics) on group characteristic ratings beyond the influence of the actual group remains largely unexplored. Additionally, some studies use group means of individual personality as group characteristics, however, evidence for interrelations or differences between these approaches has not yet been empirically based. In the present study, we employed a sample of 301 individuals from 54 teams, all of which rated both characteristics of themselves and their teams. By averaging both self-ratings and group-ratings within each team, we were able to compare both approaches to group characteristics and found them to likely measure unrelated constructs. We also found influences of individual Extraversion and Agreeableness from the HEXACO model on direct group characteristic ratings beyond the influence of the actual group. Years of work experience and work strain operationalized through burnout symptoms did not predict group characteristic ratings beyond the influence of the actual group and individual personality. Our findings imply that individual ratings of a group characteristic are influenced to a larger degree by the raters’ individual perspectives than by the presumed actual group characteristic itself. Further implications for research applying individual personality to groups are discussed.
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9
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Japanese people's attitudes toward acculturation and intercultural relations. JOURNAL OF PACIFIC RIM PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/18344909221090996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Dealing with cultural diversity is one of the key challenges in contemporary societies, with Japan being no exception. However, relatively little is known about how minority group members are viewed by members of the dominant group. The current paper presents a study that evaluated three hypotheses that are related to these issues with a survey of 210 Japanese adult participants. The study also examines moderating roles of national identities in acculturation expectations and psychological functioning in the dominant group. Perceived security about the society in terms of national culture, and personal conditions in a multicultural society predict the most tolerant form of acculturation expectation. This association is mediated by one's multicultural ideology. Although acculturation expectations are not predictive of psychological functioning, particular national identity (i.e., internationalism) alleviates the negative effect of the closest form of expectation (exclusion) on psychological problems. The study implies the need for analysis on culture-specific constructs of multicultural society in perceptions and attitudes in the dominant group in Japanese society.
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10
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Vezzali L, Di Bernardo GA, Cocco VM, Stathi S, Capozza D. Reducing prejudice in the society at large: A review of the secondary transfer effect and directions for future research. SOCIAL AND PERSONALITY PSYCHOLOGY COMPASS 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/spc3.12583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Loris Vezzali
- Department of Education and Human Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Reggio Emilia Italy
| | - Gian Antonio Di Bernardo
- Department of Education and Human Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Reggio Emilia Italy
| | | | - Sofia Stathi
- School of Human Sciences University of Greenwich London UK
| | - Dora Capozza
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Pedagogy and Applied Psychology University of Padova Padova Italy
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11
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Turner RN, Hodson G, Dhont K. The role of individual differences in understanding and enhancing intergroup contact. SOCIAL AND PERSONALITY PSYCHOLOGY COMPASS 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/spc3.12533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gordon Hodson
- Department of Psychology, Brock University St. Catharines Ontario Canada
| | - Kristof Dhont
- School of Psychology, University of Kent Canterbury UK
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12
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The impact of ethnic affirmation and belonging on other-group orientation: The mediating role of personality traits and values in different ethnic groups. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2019.109574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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13
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Cao C, Meng Q. Exploring personality traits as predictors of English achievement and global competence among Chinese university students: English learning motivation as the moderator. LEARNING AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lindif.2019.101814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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14
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Lefringhausen K, Ferenczi N, Marshall TC. Self-protection and growth as the motivational force behind majority group members' cultural adaptation and discrimination: A parallel mediation model via intergroup contact and threat. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2019; 55:532-542. [PMID: 31506949 DOI: 10.1002/ijop.12620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
What motivates majority group members to adapt to or reject cultural diversity? Considering the relevance of personal values on our attitudes and behaviours, we inspected how self-protection and growth predict levels of discriminatory behavioural and cultural adaptation intentions towards migrants via intergroup contact and perceived intergroup threats, simultaneously (i.e., parallel mediation). Specifically, positive contact between groups is known for reducing prejudice through diminishing perceived intergroup threats. Yet current research emphasises the role of individual differences in this interplay while proposing a parallel relationship between perceived intergroup threats and contact. Also by inspecting cultural adaptation and discriminatory behavioural intentions, the present study examined more proximal indicators of real-world intergroup behaviours than explored in past research. Using data from 304 US Americans, structural equation modelling indicated a good fit for a parallel mediation model with growth relating positively to cultural adaptation intentions and negatively to discriminatory behavioural intentions through being positively associated with intergroup contact and negatively with perceived intergroup threats, simultaneously. The reverse was found for self-protection. These findings stress that personal values constitute a relevant individual difference in the contact/threats-outcome relationship, providing a motivational explanation for majority group members' experience of cultural diversity in their own country.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nelli Ferenczi
- Department of Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
| | - Tara C Marshall
- Department of Health, Aging, and Society, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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15
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Travaglino GA, Abrams D. How criminal organisations exert secret power over communities: An intracultural appropriation theory of cultural values and norms. EUROPEAN REVIEW OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10463283.2019.1621128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni A. Travaglino
- School of Humanities and Social Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518100, China
- Centre for the Study of Group Processes, School of Psychology, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NP, UK
| | - Dominic Abrams
- Centre for the Study of Group Processes, School of Psychology, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NP, UK
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16
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Drury L, Travaglino GA. Demobilising by legitimising: Masculine honour, positive and negative contact, and social activism against criminal organisations. GROUP PROCESSES & INTERGROUP RELATIONS 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/1368430219842917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Italian mafia-type groups exert governance over the community. To do so, they must engage in contact with community members. Previous research indicates that individuals’ endorsement of masculine honour values is associated with more frequent contact with members of criminal organisations (COs). The present research examines the relationship between masculine honour and both positive and negative contact, as well as the potential implications of such contact. Structural equation modelling of survey data ( N = 327) revealed that masculine honour was associated with positive but not negative contact with COs’ members. Positive contact was, in turn, associated with a stronger tendency to see COs as matching the ideals of honour (romanticisation), and lower perceived threat. In contrast, negative contact was associated with stronger perceived threat from COs’ presence. Finally, romanticisation and lower perceived threat were associated with lower intentions to engage in social activism against COs. Results support the idea that cultural values of masculine honour make the presence of COs in society more acceptable and are an important predictor of contact with this type of group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisbeth Drury
- Birkbeck, University of London, UK
- University of Kent, UK
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17
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Mullett TL, Brown GDA, Fincher CL, Kosinski M, Stillwell D. Individual-Level Analyses of the Impact of Parasite Stress on Personality: Reduced Openness Only for Older Individuals. PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY BULLETIN 2019; 46:79-93. [PMID: 31046588 DOI: 10.1177/0146167219843918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The parasite stress hypothesis predicts that individuals living in regions with higher infectious disease rates will show lower openness, agreeableness, and extraversion, but higher conscientiousness. This article, using data from more than 250,000 U.S. Facebook users, reports tests of these predictions at the level of both U.S. states and individuals and evaluates criticisms of previous findings. State-level results for agreeableness and conscientiousness are consistent with previously reported cross-national findings, but others (a significant positive correlation with extraversion and no correlation with openness) are not. However, effects of parasite stress on conscientiousness and agreeableness are not found when analyses account for the data's hierarchical structure and include controls. We find that only openness is robustly related to parasite stress in these analyses, and we also find a significant interaction with age: Older, but not younger, inhabitants of areas of high parasite stress show lower openness. Interpretations of the findings are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy L Mullett
- Warwick Business School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.,University of Bath, UK
| | | | - Corey L Fincher
- Warwick Business School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
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18
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Reches LHL, Feddes AR. Similarity attracts: The role of personality in similarity perceptions and children's attitudes towards refugees. BRITISH JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 2019; 37:447-460. [PMID: 31004369 PMCID: PMC6850161 DOI: 10.1111/bjdp.12285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Previous research has shown that children's intergroup similarity judgements are based not only on ethnicity but also on other dimensions such as sports interest. The present research investigates the role of personality in perceived similarity between ingroup children and refugee outgroup children. A study was conducted among 9- to 12-year-old children (N = 124) at two elementary schools in the Netherlands. It was predicted and found that children take into account ethnicity as well as personality (whether a child is introverted or extraverted) when judging similarity of ingroup (Dutch) and outgroup (refugee) children. Furthermore, we predicted and found that greater perceived similarity between Dutch children and refugee children was associated with more positive attitudes towards refugee children. Finally, children felt lower levels of anxiety towards an extraverted compared to an introverted refugee child. Lower anxiety, in turn, was associated with more positive attitudes towards refugee children. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed. Statement of contribution What is already known? McGlothlin et al. (2005, British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 23, 227) found that similarity ratings are based not only on ethnicity but also on sports interest. Studies among adults show that extraversion is negatively related to anxiety and positively to cross-group friendships. What does this study add? The present study shows that children also base similarity ratings on the personality trait extraversion. Higher similarity between self/ingroup and refugee children is related to positive outgroup attitudes. This study shows that extraverted children feel less anxiety to an extraverted refugee child. Lower anxiety in children is related to more positive attitudes to refugee children in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyla H L Reches
- Department of Social Psychology, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Allard R Feddes
- Department of Social Psychology, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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19
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Fatke M. The personality of populists: How the Big Five traits relate to populist attitudes. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2018.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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20
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Korol L. Does multicultural personality moderate the relationship between cross-group friendship and allophilia? The Journal of Social Psychology 2018; 159:649-663. [PMID: 30501577 DOI: 10.1080/00224545.2018.1549012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Contact research has well documented the beneficial effects of cross-group interactions in general, and friendship potential in particular, in promoting positive attitudes toward outgroups. Yet, most of the studies to date have mainly focused on reducing negative attitudes and prejudice. Extending emerging attempts in social and psychological research to understand positive outgroup orientations, the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between cross-group friendship and allophilia (i.e., positive outgroup attitudes) in a sample of 406 American undergraduates. The study also examined whether individual differences in multicultural personality play a moderating role in this relationship. Findings revealed that cross-group friendship was positively associated with allophilia, and that the relationship was stronger for individuals who scored low on open-mindedness and high on social initiative. The present study highlights the important role of multicultural personality in the linkage between close cross-group interactions and positive outgroup attitudes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliia Korol
- Department of Intercultural Communication, National University of Ostroh Academy
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21
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Connected guys: Endorsement of masculine honour predicts more frequent contact with members of criminal organisations. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejsp.2389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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22
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Vezzali L, Turner R, Capozza D, Trifiletti E. Does intergroup contact affect personality? A longitudinal study on the bidirectional relationship between intergroup contact and personality traits. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejsp.2313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Loris Vezzali
- University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Reggio Emilia Italy
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23
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Korol LD. Is the Association Between Multicultural Personality and Ethnic Tolerance Explained by Cross-Group Friendship? The Journal of General Psychology 2017; 144:264-282. [PMID: 28980883 DOI: 10.1080/00221309.2017.1374118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The present study reports on the relations between multicultural personality and ethnic tolerance via associations with cross-group friendship in a sample of Portuguese university students (n = 270). It was found that the multicultural personality dimensions, particularly cultural empathy, open-mindedness, social initiative, and flexibility, were significantly correlated with ethnic tolerance. At the same time, a mediation model demonstrated that the relationship between open-mindedness and ethnic tolerance was partially mediated by cross-group friendship. In addition, emotional stability was found to be indirectly related to ethnic tolerance via its association with cross-group friendship. These findings highlight the importance of considering individual and contact variables in promoting tolerance toward representatives of diverse ethnic and cultural groups.
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24
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Van Assche J, Roets A, Dhont K, Van Hiel A. The association between actual and perceived ethnic diversity: The moderating role of authoritarianism and implications for outgroup threat, anxiety, and mistrust. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejsp.2211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jasper Van Assche
- Ghent University; Department of Developmental Personality and Social Psychology Henri Dunantlaan 2; Ghent Belgium
| | - Arne Roets
- Ghent University; Department of Developmental Personality and Social Psychology Henri Dunantlaan 2; Ghent Belgium
| | - Kristof Dhont
- University of Kent, School of Psychology; Canterbury Kent United Kingdom
| | - Alain Van Hiel
- Ghent University; Department of Developmental Personality and Social Psychology Henri Dunantlaan 2; Ghent Belgium
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25
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Intergroup Contact and Outgroup Humanization: Is the Causal Relationship Uni- or Bidirectional? PLoS One 2017; 12:e0170554. [PMID: 28118379 PMCID: PMC5261613 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The attribution of uniquely human characteristics to the outgroup may favor the search for contact with outgroup members and, vice versa, contact experiences may improve humanity attributions to the outgroup. To explore this bidirectional relationship, two studies were performed. In Study 1, humanity perceptions were manipulated using subliminal conditioning. Two experimental conditions were created. In the humanization condition, the unconditioned stimuli (US) were uniquely human words; in the dehumanization condition, the US were non-uniquely human and animal words. In both conditions, conditioned stimuli were typical outgroup faces. An approach/avoidance technique (the manikin task) was used to measure the willingness to have contact with outgroup members. Findings showed that in the humanization condition participants were faster in approaching than in avoiding outgroup members: closeness to the outgroup was preferred to distance. Latencies of approach and avoidance movements were not different in the dehumanization condition. In Study 2, contact was manipulated using the manikin task. One approach (contact) condition and two control conditions were created. The attribution of uniquely human traits to the outgroup was stronger in the contact than in the no-contact conditions. Furthermore, the effect of contact on humanity attributions was mediated by increased trust toward the outgroup. Thus, findings demonstrate the bidirectionality of the relationship between contact and humanity attributions. Practical implications of findings are discussed.
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Boccato G, Capozza D, Trifiletti E, Di Bernardo GA. Attachment security and intergroup contact. JOURNAL OF APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/jasp.12325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Boccato
- Department of Human and Social Sciences; University of Bergamo
| | - Dora Capozza
- FISPPA Department - Applied Psychology Section; University of Padova
| | - Elena Trifiletti
- Department of Philosophy, Education, and Psychology; University of Verona
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