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Wei Q, Aung A, Liu B, Ma J, Shi L, Zhang K, Ge B. Overexpression of
wysR
gene enhances wuyiencin production in
ΔwysR3
mutant strain of
Streptomyces albulus
var. wuyiensis strain CK‐15. J Appl Microbiol 2020; 129:565-574. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.14629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Q. Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant Protection Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing PR China
| | - A. Aung
- State Key Laboratory of Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant Protection Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing PR China
- Biotechnology Research Department Department of Research and Innovation Ministry of Education Kyaukse The Republic of the Union of Myanmar
| | - B. Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant Protection Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing PR China
| | - J. Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant Protection Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing PR China
| | - L. Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant Protection Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing PR China
| | - K. Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant Protection Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing PR China
| | - B. Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant Protection Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing PR China
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Liu B, Ge B, Ma J, Wei Q, Khan AA, Shi L, Zhang K. Identification of wysPII as an Activator of Morphological Development in Streptomyces albulus CK-15. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2550. [PMID: 30405594 PMCID: PMC6207912 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Wuyiencin is produced by Streptomyces albulus var. wuyiensis and used widely in agriculture to control a variety of fungal diseases, such as cucumber downy mildew, strawberry powdery mildew, and tomato gray mold. As an industrially-produced biopesticide, reducing production costs is very important for popularization of this approach. To obtain a rapidly growing strain that effectively shortens the fermentation time, we investigated the effects of knockout and overexpression of the wysPII gene, a member of the LuxR regulatory gene family, in S. albulus strain CK-15. The ΔwysPII mutant exhibited a reduced rate of growth and sporulation. The time taken to reach the greatest mycelial biomass was approximately 18 h shorter in the ooPII (wysPII overexpressing) strain compared with that of the wild-type (WT) strain. In addition, the time to reach the greatest wuyiencin production was 56 h in the ooPII strain compared with 62 h in the WT strain. Furthermore, wysPII was shown to act as an activator of morphological development without affecting wuyiencin production. Thus, the ooPII strain can be used to reduce costs and increase efficiency in industrial fermentation processes for wuyiencin production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binghua Liu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Beibei Ge
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jinjin Ma
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiuhe Wei
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Abid Ali Khan
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Centre of Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Liming Shi
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kecheng Zhang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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The Novel Transcriptional Regulator LmbU Promotes Lincomycin Biosynthesis through Regulating Expression of Its Target Genes in Streptomyces lincolnensis. J Bacteriol 2017; 200:JB.00447-17. [PMID: 29038257 DOI: 10.1128/jb.00447-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Lincomycin A is a clinically important antimicrobial agent produced by Streptomyces lincolnensis In this study, a new regulator designated LmbU (GenBank accession no. ABX00623.1) was identified and characterized to regulate lincomycin biosynthesis in S. lincolnensis wild-type strain NRRL 2936. Both inactivation and overexpression of lmbU resulted in significant influences on lincomycin production. Transcriptional analysis and in vivo neomycin resistance (Neor) reporter assays demonstrated that LmbU activates expression of the lmbA, lmbC, lmbJ, and lmbW genes and represses expression of the lmbK and lmbU genes. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs) demonstrated that LmbU can bind to the regions upstream of the lmbA and lmbW genes through the consensus and palindromic sequence 5'-CGCCGGCG-3'. However, LmbU cannot bind to the regions upstream of the lmbC, lmbJ, lmbK, and lmbU genes as they lack this motif. These data indicate a complex transcriptional regulatory mechanism of LmbU. LmbU homologues are present in the biosynthetic gene clusters of secondary metabolites of many other actinomycetes. Furthermore, the LmbU homologue from Saccharopolyspora erythraea (GenBank accession no. WP_009944629.1) also binds to the regions upstream of lmbA and lmbW, which suggests widespread activity for this regulator. LmbU homologues have no significant structural similarities to other known cluster-situated regulators (CSRs), which indicates that they belong to a new family of regulatory proteins. In conclusion, the present report identifies LmbU as a novel transcriptional regulator and provides new insights into regulation of lincomycin biosynthesis in S. lincolnensisIMPORTANCE Although lincomycin biosynthesis has been extensively studied, its regulatory mechanism remains elusive. Here, a novel regulator, LmbU, which regulates transcription of its target genes in the lincomycin biosynthetic gene cluster (lmb gene cluster) and therefore promotes lincomycin biosynthesis, was identified in S. lincolnensis strain NRRL 2936. Importantly, we show that this new regulatory element is relatively widespread across diverse actinomycetes species. In addition, our findings provide a new strategy for improvement of yield of lincomycin through manipulation of LmbU, and this approach could also be evaluated in other secondary metabolite gene clusters containing this regulatory protein.
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Schumacher MA, Zeng W, Findlay KC, Buttner MJ, Brennan RG, Tschowri N. The Streptomyces master regulator BldD binds c-di-GMP sequentially to create a functional BldD2-(c-di-GMP)4 complex. Nucleic Acids Res 2017; 45:6923-6933. [PMID: 28449057 PMCID: PMC5499655 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkx287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Streptomyces are ubiquitous soil bacteria that undergo a complex developmental transition coinciding with their production of antibiotics. This transition is controlled by binding of a novel tetrameric form of the second messenger, 3΄-5΄ cyclic diguanylic acid (c-di-GMP) to the master repressor, BldD. In all domains of life, nucleotide-based second messengers allow a rapid integration of external and internal signals into regulatory pathways that control cellular responses to changing conditions. c-di-GMP can assume alternative oligomeric states to effect different functions, binding to effector proteins as monomers, intercalated dimers or, uniquely in the case of BldD, as a tetramer. However, at physiological concentrations c-di-GMP is a monomer and little is known about how higher oligomeric complexes assemble on effector proteins and if intermediates in assembly pathways have regulatory significance. Here, we show that c-di-GMP binds BldD using an ordered, sequential mechanism and that BldD function necessitates the assembly of the BldD2-(c-di-GMP)4 complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Schumacher
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Wenjie Zeng
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Kim C Findlay
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Mark J Buttner
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Richard G Brennan
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Natalia Tschowri
- Institut für Biologie/Mikrobiologie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10115 Berlin, Germany
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c-di-GMP signalling and the regulation of developmental transitions in streptomycetes. Nat Rev Microbiol 2015; 13:749-60. [PMID: 26499894 DOI: 10.1038/nrmicro3546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The complex life cycle of streptomycetes involves two distinct filamentous cell forms: the growing (or vegetative) hyphae and the reproductive (or aerial) hyphae, which differentiate into long chains of spores. Until recently, little was known about the signalling pathways that regulate the developmental transitions leading to sporulation. In this Review, we discuss important new insights into these pathways that have led to the emergence of a coherent regulatory network, focusing on the erection of aerial hyphae and the synchronous cell division event that produces dozens of unigenomic spores. In particular, we highlight the role of cyclic di-GMP (c-di-GMP) in controlling the initiation of development, and the role of the master regulator BldD in mediating c-di-GMP signalling.
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Romero-Rodríguez A, Robledo-Casados I, Sánchez S. An overview on transcriptional regulators in Streptomyces. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2015; 1849:1017-39. [PMID: 26093238 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2015.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Revised: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Streptomyces are Gram-positive microorganisms able to adapt and respond to different environmental conditions. It is the largest genus of Actinobacteria comprising over 900 species. During their lifetime, these microorganisms are able to differentiate, produce aerial mycelia and secondary metabolites. All of these processes are controlled by subtle and precise regulatory systems. Regulation at the transcriptional initiation level is probably the most common for metabolic adaptation in bacteria. In this mechanism, the major players are proteins named transcription factors (TFs), capable of binding DNA in order to repress or activate the transcription of specific genes. Some of the TFs exert their action just like activators or repressors, whereas others can function in both manners, depending on the target promoter. Generally, TFs achieve their effects by using one- or two-component systems, linking a specific type of environmental stimulus to a transcriptional response. After DNA sequencing, many streptomycetes have been found to have chromosomes ranging between 6 and 12Mb in size, with high GC content (around 70%). They encode for approximately 7000 to 10,000 genes, 50 to 100 pseudogenes and a large set (around 12% of the total chromosome) of regulatory genes, organized in networks, controlling gene expression in these bacteria. Among the sequenced streptomycetes reported up to now, the number of transcription factors ranges from 471 to 1101. Among these, 315 to 691 correspond to transcriptional regulators and 31 to 76 are sigma factors. The aim of this work is to give a state of the art overview on transcription factors in the genus Streptomyces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Romero-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F. 04510, Mexico
| | - Ivonne Robledo-Casados
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F. 04510, Mexico
| | - Sergio Sánchez
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F. 04510, Mexico.
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Tschowri N, Schumacher MA, Schlimpert S, Chinnam NB, Findlay KC, Brennan RG, Buttner MJ. Tetrameric c-di-GMP mediates effective transcription factor dimerization to control Streptomyces development. Cell 2015; 158:1136-1147. [PMID: 25171413 PMCID: PMC4151990 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2014.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Revised: 05/27/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The cyclic dinucleotide c-di-GMP is a signaling molecule with diverse functions in cellular physiology. Here, we report that c-di-GMP can assemble into a tetramer that mediates the effective dimerization of a transcription factor, BldD, which controls the progression of multicellular differentiation in sporulating actinomycete bacteria. BldD represses expression of sporulation genes during vegetative growth in a manner that depends on c-di-GMP-mediated dimerization. Structural and biochemical analyses show that tetrameric c-di-GMP links two subunits of BldD through their C-terminal domains, which are otherwise separated by ∼10 Å and thus cannot effect dimerization directly. Binding of the c-di-GMP tetramer by BldD is selective and requires a bipartite RXD-X8-RXXD signature. The findings indicate a unique mechanism of protein dimerization and the ability of nucleotide signaling molecules to assume alternative oligomeric states to effect different functions. c-di-GMP controls development in the multicellular bacteria Streptomyces c-di-GMP developmental signaling is directly mediated by the master regulator BldD A heretofore unseen tetrameric form of c-di-GMP binds BldD to effect its dimerization BldD-(c-di-GMP) represses transcription of sporulation genes during vegetative growth
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Tschowri
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Maria A Schumacher
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Susan Schlimpert
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Naga Babu Chinnam
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Kim C Findlay
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Richard G Brennan
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Mark J Buttner
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK.
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