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Naiel MAE, Abd El-Hameed SAA, Ahmed AI, Ismaiel NEM. The effect of dietary administration of Saussurea lappa root on performance, blood biochemical indices, redox status, innate immune response, intestinal microbial population and resistance against A. hydrophila infections of Tilapia Fingerlings. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2024. [PMID: 38851860 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
This experiment was performed to identify the influence of dietary Saussurea lappa root (SLR) on the performance and general health status of Nile Tilapia fingerlings (O. niloticus). Four formulated diets with different SLR levels of 0.0, 2.5, 5 and 10 g/kg, respectively, were afforded to fingerling fish (15.42 ± 0.05 g) for 8 weeks. The feed efficiency ratio (FER), feed intake (FI) and feed conversion ratio varied with dietary SLR level in a linear model and a high feed efficiency rate was recorded at the 10 g/kg group, while FI and FCR exhibited an opposite trend (P < 0.001). Dietary SLR level influenced serum protein constituents, liver and renal function enzymes, triglycerides, cholesterol and glucose (P < 0.001). Serum Catalase (CAT), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) remarkedly increased with dietary SLR level and attained a level at 10 g/kg. Furthermore, serum lysozyme, complement C3 (C3), IgA and IgD were stimulated by 10 g/kg SLR. Intestinal digestive enzymes (lipase and amylase) increased with SLR level up to 10 g/kg. As the dietary SLR level raised, the cumulative survival percentage aginst A. hydrophila challenge increased and then reached a maximum at 10 g/kg SLR group. Moreover, gene expression of pro-inflammation cytokines (TNF-2a, IL-1β, and IL-10) in liver and kidney transcriptomes demonstrated effective immunostimulant capabilities of greater SLR inclusion levels in fish diet. Meanwhile, intestinal microbial investigation, revealed that high levels of SLR in tilapia fish feed significantly suppressed total bacterial count, and pathogenic bacterial count (such as, E. coli, Coliform, Aeromonas spp, Pseudomonas spp.), and stimulated lactic acid bacteria development. Finally, it is recommended to include a high level of SLR (5 or 10 g/kg) in the diet of O. niloticus fingerlings to enhance feed efficiency, antioxidant characteristics, and immunological response against bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A E Naiel
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Samah A A Abd El-Hameed
- Fish health and diseases Department, Central laboratory for Aquaculture Research, Abbassa, Abu Hammad, Agriculture Research center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Amany I Ahmed
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Nahla E M Ismaiel
- Fish Biology and Ecology Department, Central laboratory for Aquaculture Research, Abbassa, Abu Hammad, Agriculture Research center, Giza, Egypt
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Gong X, Zhang Z, Shi X, Zhu Y, Ali F, Dong Y, Zhang F, Zhang B. Structural elucidation and anti-psoriasis activity of a novel polysaccharide from Saussurea Costus. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 333:121963. [PMID: 38494220 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.121963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
PSCP, a novel water-soluble polysaccharide, was extracted from the root of Saussurea costus and subsequently purified using DEAE-52 cellulose and Sephadax G-50 columns. The elucidation of its structure involved various techniques including HPGPC, FT-IR, HPLC-ELSD, GC-MS, NMR, AFM, and SEM. The results show that PSCP was a homogeneous heteropoly saccharide having molecular weight of 4131 Da and mainly composed of 1-α-D-Glcp-(-2-β-D-Fruf-1-)23-2-β-D-Fruf. The anti-psoriasis activity of PSCP was evaluated in imiquimod-induced psoriasis in Balb/C mice. This study revealed that treatment with PSCP resulted in a significant improvement in the pathological morphology of the skin and a reduction in the PASI score. Analysis of liver RNA-Seq data indicated that the MAPK signaling pathway may play a crucial role in the ability of PSCP to ameliorate psoriasis. PSCP was found to effectively inhibit the phosphorylation of JNK, ERK, and p38, as well as down-regulate the expression of the transcription factor AP-1 (c-fos and c-jun) in the nucleus, thereby reducing the expression of inflammatory factors. These findings suggest that PSCP holds promise as a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobao Gong
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Zhipeng Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Xiang Shi
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Yurong Zhu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Fawad Ali
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Yong Dong
- Chongqing Tongliang District Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing 402560, PR China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Chongqing Yongchuan District Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing 402105, PR China.
| | - Baoshun Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China.
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Nadda RK, Ali A, Goyal RC, Khosla PK, Goyal R. Aucklandia costus (Syn. Saussurea costus): Ethnopharmacology of an endangered medicinal plant of the himalayan region. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 263:113199. [PMID: 32730877 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Aucklandia costus Falc. a medicinal plant is native to the Himalayan region and synonymous with Saussurea costus, Saussurea lappa, and Aucklandia lappa. It has an ancient background of being used ethnopharmacologically for various body ailments. According to Ayurveda, Unani, Siddha, and Traditional Chinese Medicine, Costus roots are recommended for leukoderma, liver, kidney, blood disorders, Qi stagnation, and tridosha. Root and powder are used orally with warm water to cure gastric problems, and the paste is applied to the inflamed area to relieve pain. Root paste is applied on the skin to cure boils, blisters, and leprosy. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of the present review is to establish a correlation among the ethnopharmacological uses and scientific studies conducted on A. costus with chemical constituents, safety & toxicity data including future directions for its conservation with higher yield and effect. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was conducted by studying books, research papers, and literature in history, agroforestry, phytopharmacology of Himalayan plants using international databases, publication, Red data book, and reports. The search engines: Pubmed, Scopus, Wiley Inter-science, Indian Materia Medica, Science Direct, and referred journals are referenced. RESULTS The literature collected from databases, journals, websites, and books mentioned the use of costus roots in local and traditional practices. CITES included A. costus in a critically endangered category due to lack of cultural practices and overexploitation from wild. A. costus roots are known since 13th century for use in ancient Ayurvedic products but the scientific evaluation is of future research interest. A correlation of traditional uses with scientific studies has been explored to assess the effect of root powder, extract, oil and isolated constituents: Costunolids, Saussureamine B and Dehydrocostus lactone etc. in gastric ulceration and lesions; inhibition of antigen-induced degranulation, mucin production, number of immune cells, eosinophils, and expression and secretion of Th2 cytokines (IL-4 and IL-13) in asthma. The inhibition of pro-inflammatory mediators is also reported by Cynaropicrin, Alantolactone, Caryophyllene, Costic acid. Also, the sesquiterpene lactones has profound effect in inhibition of inflammatory stages and induced apoptotic cascades in cancer. Very few data on the safety and toxicity of plant parts have been noted which needs to be evaluated scientifically. CONCLUSION A. costus have been noted to have remarkable effect for gastric, hepatic, inflammatory, respiratory, cancer, skin problems but there were several errors in selection of plant material, authentification, selection of dose, assessment, selection of standard and control have been identified. Therefore, a schematic drug development and research strategy exploiting the potential of plant extract, fraction, products and probable constituents, costunolide, dehydrocostus lactone, cynaropicrin, saussureamine assuring dose-response relationship and safety may be determined under pre-clinical which may be extrapolated to clinical level. An evaluation of phytochemicals in A. costus collected from different geographical location in Himalayas may be drawn to identify and conserve the higher yielding plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Kumar Nadda
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173229, India
| | - Aaliya Ali
- School of Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173229, India
| | - Renu Chib Goyal
- Natural Product Chemistry Microbes, Indian institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR Lab, Canal Road), Jammu, J&K, 180001, India
| | - Prem Kumar Khosla
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173229, India
| | - Rohit Goyal
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173229, India.
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Santos AL, Júnior CP, Neto RN, Santos MH, Santos VF, Rocha BA, Sousa EM, Carvalho RC, Menezes IR, Oliveira MR, Dantas LB, Silva TM, Teixeira CS. Machaerium acutifolium lectin inhibits inflammatory responses through cytokine modulation. Process Biochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2020.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Biomedical Application of a Herbal Product Based on Two Asteraceae Species. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10186444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background: Species belonging to the Asteraceae family have been widely studied for their healing properties. The paper introduces STOMAPET (patent pending A2016/00888/23.11.2016) based on Eupatorium cannabinum (hemp-agrimony) and Inula helenium (elecampagne) and its potential application in diseases of the oral system. Methods: STOMAPET was prepared according to the patent application and HPLC analysis was performed for chemical analysis. In vitro studies were performed using human monocytes and the cells’ viability was determined by MTS assay. In vivo studies involved lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced murine endotoxemia and veterinary clinical case reports. Results: HPLC analysis revealed various phenolic compounds and alantolactone. In in vitro studies, monocytes viability remained stable, around and above 100% at all concentrations (7.8 to 250 µg/mL), and a high stimulatory effect on cell proliferation was noted. In LPS-induced murine endotoxemia, STOMAPET prevents mortality, improves the decrease in body mass, and prevents the drop in temperature. Case reports of companion animals with oral diseases ameliorated after STOMAPET treatment are presented. Conclusions: Preclinical studies confirmed the safety of STOMAPET and its pharmacological potential. The results of the veterinary case reports are also encouraging. More studies are needed to find the precise mechanism of action in correlation to chemical composition.
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Secondary Metabolites of Saussurea costus Leaf Extract Induce Apoptosis in Breast, Liver, and Colon Cancer Cells by Caspase-3-Dependent Intrinsic Pathway. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:1608942. [PMID: 32766303 PMCID: PMC7374224 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1608942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Background Apoptosis, a major form of programmed cell death, plays a vital role in regulating tissue development and maintenance of homeostasis in eukaryotes. Apoptosis can occur via a death receptor-dependent extrinsic or a mitochondrial-dependent intrinsic pathway and can be induced by various chemotherapeutic agents. In this study, the anticancer activity of Saussurea costus and its mode of intervention in human cancer cells of breast, colon, and liver were investigated. Results In this study, the bioactives of S. costus leaves were extensively extracted in five solvents of different polarity. The cytotoxicity and anticancer effect of the extracted secondary metabolites were investigated against breast (MCF-7), liver (HepG2), and colon (HCT116) cancer cell lines using a Sulphorhodamine B (SRB) assay. Secondary metabolites extracted using hexane, methanol, ethyl acetate, and chloroform had the highest cytotoxicity and thus the greatest anticancer effect on all the cancer cell lines tested (IC50; ranging from 0.25 to 2.5 μg/ml), while butanol was comparatively less active (IC50; ranging from 23.2 to 25.5 μg/ml). Further investigation using DNA flow cytometry and fluorescent microscopy revealed that the extract arrested the cells in the G1 phase of cell cycle and induced apoptosis. Furthermore, the elevated expression level of proapoptotic proteins and decreased expression level of antiapoptotic proteins confirmed that the intrinsic (mitochondrial) pathway was involved in mediating the apoptosis of cancer cells upon treatment with S. costus extract. These results altogether suggest that S. costus could be a potential anticancer agent. Conclusion These results suggest that the S. costus extract is the potential source of the secondary metabolites that could be used as anticancer agent to treat diverse cancers of breast, colon, and liver.
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Abd El-Rahman GI, Behairy A, Elseddawy NM, Batiha GES, Hozzein WN, Khodeer DM, M. Abd-Elhakim Y. Saussurea lappa Ethanolic Extract Attenuates Triamcinolone Acetonide-Induced Pulmonary and Splenic Tissue Damage in Rats via Modulation of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Apoptosis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9050396. [PMID: 32397156 PMCID: PMC7278611 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9050396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In this era, worldwide interest has been directed towards using natural antioxidants to guard against drug side effects. Saussurea lappa is a famous medicinal plant with many biologically active compounds. Triamcinolone acetonide (TA) is an extensively used glucocorticoid. Hence, this study explored, for the first time, the possible beneficial effects of S. lappa ethanolic extract on TA-induced oxidative damage in the lung and spleen of rats. Methods: Five experimental groups were used: control group, S. lappa-treated group (600 mg/kg/day, orally), TA-treated group (40 mg/kg/twice/week I/P), S. lappa + TA co-treated group, and S. lappa/TA prophylactic group. Results: TA exposure significantly induced leukocytosis and neutrophilia. In addition, TA significantly reduced the levels of C-reactive protein, interleukin-12, tumor necrosis factor α, and immunoglobulins. Lung Caspase-3 overexpression and splenic CD8+ downregulation were also noted in the TA group. TA treatment significantly increased malondialdehyde concentration but reduced superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities. S. lappa counteracted the TA oxidative and apoptotic effects. The best results were recorded in the prophylactic group. Conclusions:S. lappa has a remarkable protective effect via its anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and antioxidant capacity. Thus, it could be a candidate as a natural antioxidant to face glucocorticoid’s harmful side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghada I. Abd El-Rahman
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt;
| | - Amany Behairy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt;
| | - Nora M. Elseddawy
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519 Egypt;
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, AlBeheira, Egypt;
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Nishi 2-13, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - Wael N. Hozzein
- Bioproducts Research Chair, Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
| | - Dina M. Khodeer
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
| | - Yasmina M. Abd-Elhakim
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
- Correspondence:
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Abdel-Rahman M, Rezk MM, Ahmed-Farid OA, Essam S, Abdel Moneim AE. Saussurea lappa root extract ameliorates the hazards effect of thorium induced oxidative stress and neuroendocrine alterations in adult male rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:13237-13246. [PMID: 32016872 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-07917-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The present study was aimed to estimating the effect of Saussurea lappa (costus) root extract on thorium accumulation in different brain regions (cerebral cortex, cerebellum, and hypothalamus) of adult male albino rats and also to evaluate the antioxidant effect and thyroid gland modulation activity of costus following thorium toxicity. Adult male rats were randomly allocated into four groups; control group receiving saline (0.9% NaCl), thorium group receiving an intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of thorium nitrate (Th; 6.3 mg/kg bwt), costus group receiving an oral administration of costus extract at 200 mg/kg bwt and costus + thorium group receiving costus 1 h before thorium injection. Thorium injection in rats for 28 days resulted in the accumulation of Th maximally in the cerebellum followed by the cerebral cortex and then in the hypothalamus. The accumulation of Th was associated with significant disturbance in sodium and potassium ions. A significant decrease in monoamines was also observed in different brain regions. Furthermore, the results indicated that Th-induced oxidative stress evidenced by increased lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide and decrease the glutathione content. Additionally, Th caused a significant increase in thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), triiodothyronine (T3), and thyroxine (T4) levels in the serum of rats. However, the pre-administration of costus alleviated all of those disturbances. Our results revealed that costus extract exerted its protective effect mainly through potentiating the antioxidant defense system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Abdel-Rahman
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Rezk
- Isotopes Department, Nuclear Materials Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Omar A Ahmed-Farid
- Department of Physiology, National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), Giza, Giza Governorate, Egypt
| | - Safia Essam
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed E Abdel Moneim
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Hassan R, Masoodi MH. Saussurea lappa: A Comprehensive Review on its Pharmacological Activity and Phytochemistry. CURRENT TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/2215083805666190626144909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Around 3000 species of Saussurea are known, however Saussurea lappa Clarke
which is perennial herb and has been traditionally used as anticancer, anti-inflammatory,
antiviral, medicine without many adverse effects. Phytochemistry of Saussurea lappa after
thorough literature survey revealed various varied and copious metabolites such as sesquiterpenes,
flavonoids, phytosterols, lignans, terpenes. Many of these compounds have been
found to possess a wide range of biological activity such as anticancer, anti-inflammatory,
anti-hepatotoxic, anti-viral, etc. Among sesquiterpenes particularly Dehydrocostuslactone,
dihydrocostunolide, costunolide Lappadilactone, have been isolated as the main chemical
constituents. This review aims to cover published work from public databases (e.g. PubMed,
Google Scholar, ResearchGate) and Non-English, Ph.D./MS thesis databases (e.g. CKNIChina,
Jairo-Japan, Myto-Malaysia, Shodhganga-India) with a particular focus on
phytochemistry and therapeutic uses of different fractions as well as isolated compounds
from Saussurea lappa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reyaz Hassan
- Natural Products Research Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Jammu & Kashmir, 190006, India
| | - Mubashir Hussain Masoodi
- Natural Products Research Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Jammu & Kashmir, 190006, India
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Huang G, Tong Y, He Q, Wang J, Chen Z. Aucklandia lappa DC. extract enhances gefitinib efficacy in gefitinib-resistance secondary epidermal growth factor receptor mutations. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 206:353-362. [PMID: 28619365 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Aucklandia lappa DC. is a widely used medicinal plant in China, India and Pakistan for a long time. Previously, a number of different pharmacological experiments in vitro and in vivo have convincingly demonstrated the abilities of it to exhibit anticancer activities. Reynoutria japonica Houtt. has also been widely used as traditional Chinese medicinal plant. Previous studies have demonstrated that it is bioactive to exhibit anticancer activities. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aims to investigate whether the extracts of Aucklandia lappa DC. and Reynoutria japonica Houtt. are capable of treating drug-resistant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), providing support for novel usage beyond traditional uses. MATERIALS AND METHODS Extracts combined with gefitinib have been tested taking the vulval development of transgenic C. elegans (jgIs25) as an effective and simple in vivo model system, evaluating their efficacy against acquired NSCLC. Synchronous larval 1 (L1) larvae were treated with extracts plus gefitinib and cultured to obtain mainly L4 larvae. The multivulva (Muv) phenotype was recorded at the adult stage. RESULTS Our data showed that Aucklandia lappa DC. extract could significantly enhance the efficacy of gefitinib, suppressing the Muv phenotype of jgIs25. Meanwhile, it could also down-regulate the mRNA and protein expression of EGFR in jgIs25. Collectively, our results verified that the capability of Aucklandia lappa DC. to inhibit Muv phenotype may be based on the EGFR signaling pathway inhibition. CONCLUSION We demonstrated that the co-administration of Aucklandia lappa DC. with gefitinib may provide an effective strategy for the therapy of EGFR inhibitor resistant NSCLCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yanli Tong
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou 510317, China.
| | - Qidi He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jie Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zuanguang Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:1381732. [PMID: 28243308 PMCID: PMC5294366 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1381732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia, which is related to many cardiac and cerebral vascular diseases, especially stroke. It can therefore increase cardiovascular mortality and all-cause death. The current treatments of AF remain to be western drugs and radiofrequency ablation which are limited by the tolerance of patients, adverse side effects, and high recurrence rate, especially for the elderly. On the contrary, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with long history of use involves various treatment methods, including Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs) or bioactive ingredients, Chinese patent medicines, acupuncture, Qigong, and Tai Chi Chuan. With more and more researches reported, the active roles of TCM in AF management have been discovered. Then it is likely that TCM would be effective preventive means and valuable additional remedy for AF. The potential mechanisms further found by numerous experimental studies showed the distinct characteristics of TCM. Some CHMs or bioactive ingredients are atrial-selective, while others are multichannel and multifunctional. Therefore, in this review we summarized the treatment strategies reported in TCM, with the purpose of providing novel ideas and directions for AF management.
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Anti-inflammatory activity of bartogenic acid containing fraction of fruits of Barringtonia racemosa Roxb. in acute and chronic animal models of inflammation. J Tradit Complement Med 2016; 7:86-93. [PMID: 28053892 PMCID: PMC5198830 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2016.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2015] [Revised: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The fruits of Barringtonia racemosa are traditionally used in Indian medicine for the treatment of pain and inflammatory conditions. In this study, a fraction of ethyl acetate extract of fruits of B. racemosa (BREAF) was investigated for anti-inflammatory activity in experimental models of acute and chronic inflammation. Activity against acute inflammation was evaluated in inflammogens induced rat paw edema models. Whereas, effect in chronic inflammation was evaluated in cotton pellet granuloma and oxazolone induced delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) model in mice. The BREAF exhibited dose dependent anti-inflammatory activity in both acute and chronic models at oral doses of 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg. BREAF inhibited both phases of carrageenan induced rat paw inflammation. The reduction in paw inflammation by BREAF was also evident in histamine and serotonin induced inflammation in rats. Effect of BREAF on DTH indicates inhibition of immune mediated inflammation. The reduction in cotton pellet granuloma by BREAF treatment shows inhibition of proliferative changes associated with chronic inflammation. Analysis of BREAF after chromatographic separations showed presence of bartogenic acid as a major constituent. Hence, it is proposed that anti-inflammatory effects of BREAF can be partially attributed to its bartogenic acid content. The minute doses at which this fraction shows anti-inflammatory effects emphasizes the need for further investigations on its efficacy in the immuno-inflammatory conditions.
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Lim HS, Jin SE, Kim OS, Shin HK, Jeong SJ. Alantolactone from Saussurea lappa Exerts Antiinflammatory Effects by Inhibiting Chemokine Production and STAT1 Phosphorylation in TNF-α and IFN-γ-induced in HaCaT cells. Phytother Res 2015; 29:1088-96. [PMID: 25881570 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Revised: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Skin inflammation is the most common condition seen in dermatology practice and can be caused by various allergic reactions and certain toxins or chemicals. In the present study, we investigated the antiinflammatory effects of Saussurea lappa, a medicinal herb, and its marker compounds alantolactone, caryophyllene, costic acid, costunolide, and dehydrocostuslactone in the HaCaT human keratinocyte cell line. HaCaT cells were stimulated with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), and treated with S. lappa or each of five marker compounds. Chemokine production and expression were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, respectively. Phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 1 was determined by immunoblotting. Stimulation with TNF-α and IFN-γ significantly increased the production of the following chemokines: thymus-regulated and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC): regulated on activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted (RANTES): macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC): and interleukin-8 (IL-8). By contrast, S. lappa and the five marker compounds significantly reduced the production of these chemokines by TNF-α and IFN-γ-treated cells. S. lappa and alantolactone suppressed the TNF-α and IFN-γ-stimulated increase in the phosphorylation of STAT1. Our results demonstrate that alantolactone from S. lappa suppresses TNF-α and IFN-γ-induced production of RANTES and IL-8 by blocking STAT1 phosphorylation in HaCaT cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Sun Lim
- K-herb Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, 305-811, Korea.,Division of Allergy and Chronic Respiratory Diseases, Center for Biomedical Sciences, Korea National Institute of Health, Chungcheongbuk-do, 361-951, Korea
| | - Sung-Eun Jin
- K-herb Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, 305-811, Korea
| | - Ohn-Soon Kim
- Korean Medicine Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, 305-811, Korea
| | - Hyeun-Kyoo Shin
- K-herb Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, 305-811, Korea
| | - Soo-Jin Jeong
- Korean Medicine Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, 305-811, Korea
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Zhang J, Hu X, Gao W, Qu Z, Guo H, Liu Z, Liu C. Pharmacokinetic study on costunolide and dehydrocostuslactone after oral administration of traditional medicine Aucklandia lappa Decne. by LC/MS/MS. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 151:191-197. [PMID: 24216164 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2013] [Revised: 07/30/2013] [Accepted: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Radix Aucklandiae (RA), a well known traditional Chinese medicine, is widely used for treating various problems in digestive system. A selective and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry method was first developed and validated for simultaneous quantification of costunolide and dehydrocostuslactone in rat plasma with diazepam as internal standard after oral administration of RA extraction. MATERIALS AND METHODS Plasma samples were extracted via solid-phase extraction and detected by multiple-reaction monitoring mode under positive electrospray. Chromatographic separation was accomplished on an Agilent C18 column (2.1 mm × 150 mm, 5 µm), with 0.1% formic acid and acetonitrile (1:1) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min. RESULTS The quantification was performed using the transitions of m/z 233/187 for costunolide, m/z 231/185 for dehydrocostuslactone and m/z 285/193 for diazepam, respectively. Calibration curves were linear over the concentration range of 0.7-769.7 ng/mL for costunolide and 0.9-956.0 ng/mL for dehydrocostuslactone. The intra-day and inter-day precisions (RSD%) for two compounds was less than 8.76% and 9.70% and the accuracy (RE%) range from 6.14% to 5.35%. The time to reach the maximum plasma concentration (Tmax) was 10.46 h for costunolide, 12.39 h dehydrocostuslactone. The elimination half-time (t1/2) of costunolide and dehydrocostuslactone was 5.54 ± 0.81 and 4.32 ± 0.71 (h). The AUC of costunolide and dehydrocostuslactone was 308.83 and 7884.51 respectively (ngh/mL). CONCLUSIONS It was the first report for the study of pharmacokinetic profile of costunolide and dehydrocostuslactone in rat plasma after oral administration of RA extract. These results provided a meaningful basis for better understanding the absorption of traditional medicine, RA, and provide useful scientific data for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingze Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Logistics College of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin 300162, China
| | - Xiao Hu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Occupational and Environmental Hazard. Logistics College of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin 300162, China
| | - Wenyuan Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Zhuo Qu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Huimin Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Changxiao Liu
- The State Key Laboratories of Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin 300193, China
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Liu Z, Zhang J, Gao W, Liu C. Antinociceptive activity and chemical composition of Wei-Chang-An-Wan extracts. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2013; 51:790-797. [PMID: 23675838 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2013.766893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Currently, famous traditional Chinese medicine formulas have undergone re-evaluation and development in China. Wei-Chang-An-Wan (WCAW) as one of them has been used for treating various gastrointestinal diseases for several decades. The secondary development of WCAW is in progress so as to interpret the effective material basis or find new pharmacological activity. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the antinociceptive effect of methanol extract of WCAW (ME) as well as four fractions (P.E., EtOAc, n-BuOH, H2O) and obtain information on the correlation between the contents of the fractions and antinociceptive effect. MATERIALS AND METHODS ME was divided into four parts extracted by petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and n-butanol. Antinociceptive activity was evaluated by three models of acetic acid-induced writhing, formalin and hot-plate test in mice after repetitive administration of ME at 200, 400 or 800 mg/kg, P.E. 132 mg/kg, EtOAc 106 mg/kg, n-BuOH 176 mg/kg and H2O 176 mg/kg for six days. The chemical compounds were analyzed by HPLC-ESI-MS. RESULTS ME at 800 mg/kg inhibited acid-induced writhing by 84.69%, and reduced the licking time of second phase in formalin test by 53.23%. The inhibition rates in acid-induced writhing of P.E., EtOAc, n-BuOH and H2O were 27.79, 33.85, 38.97 and 37.69%, respectively, and in formalin test about 50%. They had no effect on the hot-plate test. HPLC-ESI-MS analysis showed that 68 chemical compounds were detected and 41 compounds were identified from ME. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION The results obtained herein indicate that WCAW possesses the antinociceptive activity that provides a new aspect in clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
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Seo MS, Choi EM. The effects of dehydrocostus lactone on osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells in redox changes and PI3K/Akt/CREB. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2012; 34:810-4. [DOI: 10.3109/08923973.2012.657799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Zhang Q, Cai D, Liu J. Matrix solid-phase dispersion extraction coupled with HPLC-diode array detection method for the analysis of sesquiterpene lactones in root of Saussurea lappa C.B.Clarke. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2011; 879:2809-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2011.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2011] [Revised: 08/07/2011] [Accepted: 08/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Choi EM. Dehydrocostus lactone prevents mitochondrial dysfunction in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2011; 664:1-7. [PMID: 21596031 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2011.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2011] [Revised: 04/12/2011] [Accepted: 05/03/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The dried root of Saussurea lappa Clarke (Compositae) has been used as a traditional medicine. Dehydrocostus lactone is one of the main bioactive constituents of this medicinal plant. In the present study, the protective effect of dehydrocostus lactone against antimycin A (an inhibitor of mitochondrial complex III)-induced cytotoxicity was investigated in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. Pre-treatment with dehydrocostus lactone prior to antimycin A exposure significantly prevented mitochondrial membrane potential dissipation, complex IV inactivation, ATP loss, cytochrome c release, intracellular calcium elevation and potassium loss, and reactive oxygen species production induced by antimycin A. These results suggest that dehydrocostus lactone protects osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells from antimycin A-induced cell damage through the improved mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Mi Choi
- Department of Food & Nutrition, Education Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Piornedo RDR, de Souza P, Stefanello MÉA, Strapasson RLB, Zampronio AR, Kassuya CAL. Anti-inflammatory activity of extracts and 11,13-dihydrozaluzanin C from Gochnatia polymorpha ssp. floccosa trunk bark in mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 133:1077-1084. [PMID: 21111798 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2010] [Revised: 11/17/2010] [Accepted: 11/17/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THIS STUDY Gochnatia polymorpha ssp. floccosa (Asteraceae), popularly known as "cambará", is well recognized in Brazilian traditional medicine to treat the respiratory tract inflammatory diseases and rheumatism. However, no scientific data have been published to support this ethnopharmacological use. This work aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory action of its ethanol (EEGP) extract, ethyl acetate (EA), dichloromethane (DCM), petroleum ether (PE) butanolic (BT) fractions, and the isolated compounds bauerenyl acetate (GPC1) and 11,13-dihydrozaluzanin C (GPC2). MATERIALS AND METHODS The anti-inflammatory activities were evaluated in mice subjected to paw oedema and carrageenan-induced air pouch inflammation models. RESULTS The oral administration of EEGP (30, 100 and 300 mg/kg), DCM (50 mg/kg), BT (20 mg/kg) and GPC2 (10 and 30 mg/kg), but not EP and EA fractions (both at 30 mg/kg) and GPC1 (1 and 10 mg/kg), significantly inhibited the paw oedema induced by carrageenan (41±13, 39±5 and 60±10% for EEGP at the three doses, respectively; 44,47±12.8 and 70.19±11.52% for DCM and BT, respectively; and 29.52±4.8 and 31.67±5.4%, for 11,13-dihydrozaluzanin C at 10 and 30mg/kg, respectively) compared to control group. The oral administration of EEGP (30, 100 and 300 mg/kg) inhibited the carrageenan-induced leukocyte migration in the air pouch model (37.2±12.5, 62.6±5.0 and 54.3±6.8%, respectively), as well as protein extravasation (47.9±12.5, 51.7±15.2 and 60.9±13.7%, respectively) compared to control group. In a similar way, DCM (50 mg/kg) or GPC2 (10 mg/kg), but not BT (20 mg/kg) given by oral route inhibited leukocyte infiltration into the pouch (29.5±10.6 and 54.4±21.8%, respectively). Also DCM and GPC2 significantly reduced the protein levels in the supernatants (52.4±15.0 and 51.83±16.9%, respectively). CONCLUSION The results suggest that EEGP, and BT and DCM fractions from G. polymorpha possess anti-inflammatory activity and probably the compound 11,13-dihydrozaluzanin C was responsible, at least in part, for this action.
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Wang YF, Ni ZY, Dong M, Cong B, Shi QW, Gu YC, Kiyota H. Secondary Metabolites of Plants from the Genus Saussurea: Chemistry and Biological Activity. Chem Biodivers 2010; 7:2623-59. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.200900406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Emami SA, Taghizadeh Rabe SZ, Iranshahi M, Ahi A, Mahmoudi M. Sesquiterpene lactone fraction fromArtemisia khorassanicainhibits inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 expression through the inactivation of NF-κB. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2010; 32:688-95. [DOI: 10.3109/08923971003677808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Protective effects of dehydrocostus lactone against hydrogen peroxide-induced dysfunction and oxidative stress in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2009; 23:862-7. [PMID: 19457452 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2009.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2008] [Revised: 04/24/2009] [Accepted: 05/10/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress regulates cellular functions in multiple pathological conditions, including bone formation by osteoblasic cells. To elucidate the protective effects of dehydrocostus lactone on the response of osteoblast to oxidative stress, osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells were incubated with 0.3mM hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) and/or dehydrocostus lactone (0.1-10 microg/ml), and markers of osteoblast function and oxidative damage were examined. Dehydrocostus lactone (0.1-10 microg/ml) significantly increased osteoblast growth compared with control (P<0.05). H(2)O(2)-induced reduction of differentiation markers such as alkaline phosphatase (ALP), collagen content, and calcium deposition was recovered in the presence of dehydrocostus lactone (0.4-2 microg/ml). Treatment with dehydrocostus lactone (10 microg/ml) decreased the production of osteoclast differentiation-inducing factors such as interleukin (IL)-6 and receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB ligand (RANKL) in the presence of H(2)O(2). Moreover, dehydrocostus lactone (0.4-2 microg/ml) decreased the formation of protein carbonyl (PCO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) induced by H(2)O(2) in osteoblasts. Taken together, these results demonstrate that dehydrocostus lactone can protect osteoblasts against H(2)O(2)-induced cellular dysfunction. These results also suggest that dehydrocostus lactone may be valuable as a protective agent against oxidative damage in osteoblasts.
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Pandey MM, Rastogi S, Rawat AKS. Saussurea costus: botanical, chemical and pharmacological review of an ayurvedic medicinal plant. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2007; 110:379-90. [PMID: 17306480 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2006.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2006] [Revised: 12/27/2006] [Accepted: 12/29/2006] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Saussurea costus (Falc.) Lipschitz, syn Saussurea lappa C.B. Clarke is a well known and important medicinal plant widely used in several indigenous systems of medicine for the treatment of various ailments, viz. asthma, inflammatory diseases, ulcer and stomach problems. Sesquiterpene lactones have been reported as the major phytoconstituents of this species. Different pharmacological experiments in a number of in vitro and in vivo models have convincingly demonstrated the ability of Saussurea costus to exhibit anti-inflammatory, anti-ulcer, anticancer and hepatoprotective activities, lending support to the rationale behind several of its traditional uses. Costunolide, dehydrocostus lactone and cynaropicrin, isolated from this plant, have been identified to have potential to be developed as bioactive molecules. Due to the remarkable biological activity of Saussurea costus and its constituents it will be appropriate to develop them as a medicine. The present review is an up-to-date and comprehensive analysis of the botany, chemistry, pharmacology and traditional and folkloric uses of Saussurea costus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madan Mohan Pandey
- Pharmacognosy and Ethnopharmacology Division, National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, India.
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Jeong GS, Pae HO, Jeong SO, Kim YC, Kwon TO, Lee HS, Kim NS, Park SD, Chung HT. The alpha-methylene-gamma-butyrolactone moiety in dehydrocostus lactone is responsible for cytoprotective heme oxygenase-1 expression through activation of the nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 in HepG2 cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2007; 565:37-44. [PMID: 17391667 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2007.02.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2006] [Revised: 02/21/2007] [Accepted: 02/26/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Inducible heme oxygenase (HO)-1 acts against oxidants that are thought to play a major role in the pathogenesis of several diseases. The alpha-methylene-gamma-butyrolactone (CH2-BL) structural unit, which characterizes a group of naturally occurring sesquiterpene lactones, is known to possess numerous biological activities. In the present study, we evaluated dehydrocostus lactone possessing CH2-BL moiety, one of the bioactive constituents of the medicinal plant Saussurea lappa, as an inducer of cytoprotective HO-1. In HepG2 cells, treatment with dehydrocostus lactone induced HO-1 expression and increased HO activity in a concentration-dependent manner. Similar results were also observed when the cells were incubated with CH2-BL, a parent structure of dehydrocostus lactone. In contrast, mokko lactone, a reduced product of dehydrocostus lactone, and alpha-methyl-gamma-butyrolactone (CH3-BL), a parent structure of mokko lactone, did not induce HO-1 expression. Pretreatment with either dehydrocostus lactone or CH2-BL for 6 h protected the cells from hydrogen peroxide-mediated toxicity, whereas mokko lactone or CH3-BL failed to exert a cytoprotective action. Inhibition of HO-1 expression by HO-1 small interfering RNA (siRNA) abrogated cellular protection afforded by dehydrocostus lactone or CH2-BL. In addition, dehydrocostus lactone caused the nuclear accumulation of the nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and increased the promoter activity of antioxidant response element (ARE). Using Nrf2 siRNA, Nrf2 activation was confirmed to contribute to cytoprotective HO-1 expression by dehydrocostus lactone or CH2-BL. Collectively, our findings suggest that CH2-BL moiety in dehydrocostus lactone increases cellular resistance to oxidant injury in HepG2 cells, presumably through Nrf2/ARE-dependent HO-1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gil-Saeng Jeong
- Medicinal Resources Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Chonbug 570-749, Republic of Korea
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Valério DAR, Cunha TM, Arakawa NS, Lemos HP, Da Costa FB, Parada CA, Ferreira SH, Cunha FQ, Verri WA. Anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of the sesquiterpene lactone budlein A in mice: inhibition of cytokine production-dependent mechanism. Eur J Pharmacol 2007; 562:155-63. [PMID: 17320857 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2007.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2006] [Revised: 12/14/2006] [Accepted: 01/16/2007] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The anti-inflammatory activities of some medicinal plants are attributed to their contents of sesquiterpene lactones. In the present study, the anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive activity of a sesquiterpene lactone isolated from Viguiera robusta, budlein A in mice was investigated. The treatment with budlein A dose--(1.0-10.0 mg/kg, p.o., respectively) dependently inhibited the carrageenan-induced: i. neutrophil migration to the peritoneal cavity (2-52%), ii. neutrophil migration to the paw skin tissue (32-74%), iii. paw oedema (13-74%) and iv. mechanical hypernociception (2-58%) as well as the acetic acid-induced writhings (0-66%). Additionally, budlein A (10.0 mg/kg) treatment inhibited the mechanical hypernociception-induced by tumour necrosis factor (TNF-alpha, 36%), Keratinocyte-derived chemokine (KC, 37%) and Interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta, 28%), but not of prostaglandin E(2) or dopamine. Budlein A also inhibited the carrageenan-induced release of TNF-alpha (52%), KC (70%) and IL-1beta (59%). Furthermore, an 8 days treatment with budlein A inhibited Complete Freund's adjuvant (10 microl/paw)-induced hypernociception, paw oedema and paw skin myeloperoxidase activity increase while not affecting the motor performance or myeloperoxidase activity in the stomach. Concluding, the present data suggest that budlein A presents anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive property in mice by a mechanism dependent on inhibition of cytokines production. It supports the potential beneficial effect of orally administered budlein A in inflammatory diseases involving cytokine-mediated nociception, oedema and neutrophil migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A R Valério
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, 14049-900-Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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