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Noce A, Marrone G, Di Lauro M, Vita C, Montalto G, Giorgino G, Chiaramonte C, D’Agostini C, Bernardini S, Pieri M. Potential Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Fatigue Effects of an Oral Food Supplement in Long COVID Patients. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:463. [PMID: 38675423 PMCID: PMC11053797 DOI: 10.3390/ph17040463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Long coronavirus disease (COVID) syndrome leads to chronic inflammatory state onset that can have a multisystem impact and compromise organ function. Moreover, long COVID syndrome is often characterized by the presence of chronic fatigue, which affects subjects' daily activities and worsens their quality of life. The aim of our double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial (protocol code RS 150.21, approved on 4 November 2021) was to evaluate the beneficial effects of the consumption of 2 cps/day, for two months, of an oral food supplement (OFS), based on Echinacea angustifolia, rosehip, propolis, royal jelly and zinc, in long COVID patients, compared to a two-month placebo period. The OFS's vitamin C content was equal to 22.17 mg/g (8.87 mg/capsule). The OFS's total polyphenol content was 43.98 mg/g gallic acid equivalents. At the end of the in vivo study, we highlighted a significant decrease in the inflammatory parameters in the OFS period, compared to the placebo period (neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, p = 0.0455; monocyte to-lymphocyte ratio, p = 0.0005; C-reactive protein, p = 0.0145). Our study also highlighted a significant increase in vitamin D serum values (p = 0.0005) and, at the same time, an improvement in patients' life quality and a reduction in fatigue, monitored by the fatigue severity scale. This study showed the OFS's beneficial effects on the inflammatory state, fatigue and quality of life in long COVID patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Noce
- UOSD Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Giulia Marrone
- UOSD Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Manuela Di Lauro
- UOSD Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Chiara Vita
- QuMAP-PIN, University Center “Città di Prato” Educational and Scientific Services for the University of Florence, 59100 Prato, Italy
| | - Giulia Montalto
- School of Specialization in Nephrology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Gloria Giorgino
- School of Specialization in Nephrology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Chiaramonte
- Department of Statistics, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Cartesio D’Agostini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Policlinico Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Sergio Bernardini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Pieri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, 00133 Rome, Italy
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2
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Li J, Yao A, Yao J, Zhou J, Zhang J, Wei L, Gong Z, Zhang Z. Dynamic profiles of rose jam metabolomes reveal sugar-pickling impacts on their nutrient content. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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3
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Akram M, Riaz M, Munir N, Akhter N, Zafar S, Jabeen F, Ali Shariati M, Akhtar N, Riaz Z, Altaf SH, Daniyal M, Zahid R, Said Khan F. Chemical constituents, experimental and clinical pharmacology of Rosa damascena: a literature review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 72:161-174. [PMID: 31709541 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.13185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Rosa damascena Mill. is prescribed for the management of chest and abdominal pain, constipation, digestive disorders, menstrual bleeding and liver ailments. OBJECTIVE The current review compiles up to date and complete information of whole plant of R. damascena with particular emphasis on its numerous scientifically proved pharmacological effects, traditional and folk medicinal uses. KEY FINDING The data on the pharmacological effects of R. damascena were collected from various databases such as PubMed, Wiley Online Library, Elsevier and Web of Science using the keywords like phytoconstituents, pharmacology, medicinal uses and biological activity of R. damascene. Rosa damascena has a wide spectrum of bio-pharmacological activity like antidepressant, hypoglycaemic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antioxidant and antimicrobial. The main ingredients of R. damascena essential oil responsible for pharmacological activity are geraniol and citronellol. Its uses have been widely accepted in traditional system of medicines for the management of numerous diseases of human beings in different dosage forms. SUMMARY Rosa damascena has a significant place in traditional system of medicine. It is cost-effective and an important plant with curative application in contemporary medicine. Further studies on the characterization of chemical constituents and scientific basis of pharmacological activity of R. damascena should be carried out to evaluate its impact on traditional system of medicines. Large-scale preclinical and clinical trials will be beneficial in investigating the mechanism of the therapeutic potential of R. damascene to explore its uses in pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Akram
- Department of Eastern Medicine, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, Sargodha Medical College, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Naveed Munir
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Naheed Akhter
- College of Allied Health Professional, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sadia Zafar
- Division of Science and Technology, Department of Botany, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Farhat Jabeen
- Department of Zoology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Ali Shariati
- Kazakh Research Institute of Processing and Food industry (Semey Branch), Semey, Kazakhstan
| | - Naheed Akhtar
- Department of Pharmacy, The University of Poonch, Rawalakot, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - Zarfishan Riaz
- Department of Eastern Medicine, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Syed Hassan Altaf
- Department of Eastern Medicine, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Daniyal
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Rabia Zahid
- Department of Eastern Medicine, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Fahad Said Khan
- Department of Eastern Medicine, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Valcheva-Kuzmanova S, Denev P, Eftimov M, Georgieva A, Kuzmanova V, Kuzmanov A, Kuzmanov K, Tzaneva M. Protective effects of Aronia melanocarpa juices either alone or combined with extracts from Rosa canina or Alchemilla vulgaris in a rat model of indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 132:110739. [PMID: 31374297 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of four Aronia melanocarpa-based juices in a rat model of indomethacin-induced gastric ulceration. THE JUICES WERE: AM1 and AM2 (produced from aronia fruits at 20 °C and 60 °C, respectively), AMRC (a mixture of AM2 with Rosa canina extract) and AMAV (aronia juice with Alchemilla vulgaris). Male Wistar rats were used. Each of the juices (10 ml/kg) was administered for 10 days. Indomethacin (30 mg/kg) was injected subcutaneously and after 4 h, the effects were estimated. Indomethacin caused heavy destructions of the gastric mucosa, increased the expression of Bax and decreased the expression of Bcl-2, induced a certain increase in lipid peroxidation and a slight decrease in gastric PGE2 content. The pretreatment with the juices reduced the severity of indomethacin-induced gastric lesions and antagonized the effects of indomethacin on apoptosis and lipid peroxidation. The highest was the protective effect of AMAV, the juice with the highest polyphenolic content. The protective effect of Aronia melanocarpa-based juices against indomethacin-induced gastric lesions could be attributed to their polyphenolic contents. The mechanism involved to the highest extent in the protective effect of the juices was the inhibition of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefka Valcheva-Kuzmanova
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Medical University Prof. Dr. Paraskev Stoyanov, Varna, Bulgaria.
| | - Petko Denev
- Laboratory of Biologically Active Substances, Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Miroslav Eftimov
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Medical University Prof. Dr. Paraskev Stoyanov, Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Antoaneta Georgieva
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Medical University Prof. Dr. Paraskev Stoyanov, Varna, Bulgaria
| | | | - Atanas Kuzmanov
- Medical University Prof. Dr. Paraskev Stoyanov, Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Krasimir Kuzmanov
- Vivarium, Medical University Prof. Dr. Paraskev Stoyanov, Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Maria Tzaneva
- Department of General and Clinical Pathology, Forensic Medicine and Deontology, Medical University Prof. Dr. Paraskev Stoyanov, Varna, Bulgaria
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5
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Gruenwald J, Uebelhack R, Moré MI. Rosa canina - Rose hip pharmacological ingredients and molecular mechanics counteracting osteoarthritis - A systematic review. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 60:152958. [PMID: 31138475 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.152958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The successful use of rose hip for the treatment of osteoarthritis is well documented. Several randomized placebo controlled double-blind studies, as mono or combination therapy, have demonstrated treatment efficacy as well as excellent tolerability. PURPOSE This review focuses on the molecular mechanism underlying the clinical effects of rose hip in osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS The database Medline was screened - using the search term "Rosa canina" or "rose hip" - for publications on pharmacological or mechanistic studies with relevance to OA; in addition for findings on pharmacologically active constituents as well as clinical studies. The screening results were complemented by following-up on cited literature. RESULTS In particular, 24 pharmacological studies on Rosa canina or preparations thereof were considered relevant. Potent antioxidant radical scavenging effects are well documented for numerous rose hip constituents besides Vitamin C. Furthermore, anti-inflammatory activities include the reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, reduction of NF-kB signaling, inhibition of pro-inflammatory enzymes, including COX1/2, 5-LOX and iNOS, reduction of C-reactive protein levels, reduction of chemotaxis and chemoluminescence of PMNs, and an inhibition of pro-inflammatory metalloproteases. CONCLUSION The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of Rosa canina match its clinical action - especially considering new findings on the pharmacological disease pattern of OA. The entirety of several compounds including phenolics, terpenoids, galactolipids, carotenoids, fruit acids and fatty oils can be considered responsible for the observed pharmacological and clinical effects. Further research is needed to eludicate how and in which manner single rose hip compounds interact with their molecular pharmacological targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joerg Gruenwald
- Herbalist & Doc Gesundheitsgesellschaft mbH, Waldseeweg 6, D - 13467, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Margret Irmgard Moré
- Herbalist & Doc Gesundheitsgesellschaft mbH, Waldseeweg 6, D - 13467, Berlin, Germany.
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6
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Phytochemical composition and in vitro functional properties of three wild rose hips and their traditional preserves. Food Chem 2018; 241:290-300. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.08.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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7
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Zielińska E, Baraniak B, Karaś M. Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Hydrolysates and Peptide Fractions Obtained by Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Selected Heat-Treated Edible Insects. Nutrients 2017; 9:E970. [PMID: 28869499 PMCID: PMC5622730 DOI: 10.3390/nu9090970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of heat treatment of edible insects on antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of peptides obtained by in vitro gastrointestinal digestion and absorption process thereof. The antioxidant potential of edible insect hydrolysates was determined as free radical-scavenging activity, ion chelating activity, and reducing power, whereas the anti-inflammatory activity was expressed as lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitory activity. The highest antiradical activity against DPPH• (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical) was noted for a peptide fraction from baked cricket Gryllodes sigillatus hydrolysate (IC50 value 10.9 µg/mL) and that against ABTS•+ (2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical) was the highest for raw mealworm Tenebrio molitor hydrolysate (inhibitory concentration (IC50 value) 5.3 µg/mL). The peptides obtained from boiled locust Schistocerca gregaria hydrolysate showed the highest Fe2+ chelation ability (IC50 value 2.57 µg/mL); furthermore, the highest reducing power was observed for raw G. sigillatus hydrolysate (0.771). The peptide fraction from a protein preparation from the locust S. gregaria exhibited the most significant lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitory activity (IC50 value 3.13 µg/mL and 5.05 µg/mL, respectively).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Zielińska
- Departament of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Skromna Str. 8, 20-704 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Barbara Baraniak
- Departament of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Skromna Str. 8, 20-704 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Monika Karaś
- Departament of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Skromna Str. 8, 20-704 Lublin, Poland.
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8
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Mármol I, Sánchez-de-Diego C, Jiménez-Moreno N, Ancín-Azpilicueta C, Rodríguez-Yoldi MJ. Therapeutic Applications of Rose Hips from Different Rosa Species. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18061137. [PMID: 28587101 PMCID: PMC5485961 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18061137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Rosa species, rose hips, are widespread wild plants that have been traditionally used as medicinal compounds for the treatment of a wide variety of diseases. The therapeutic potential of these plants is based on its antioxidant effects caused by or associated with its phytochemical composition, which includes ascorbic acid, phenolic compounds and healthy fatty acids among others. Over the last few years, medicinal interest in rose hips has increased as a consequence of recent research that has studied its potential application as a treatment for several diseases including skin disorders, hepatotoxicity, renal disturbances, diarrhoea, inflammatory disorders, arthritis, diabetes, hyperlipidaemia, obesity and cancer. In this review, the role of different species of Rosa in the prevention of treatment of various disorders related to oxidative stress, is examined, focusing on new therapeutic approaches from a molecular point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inés Mármol
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50013, Spain.
| | | | - Nerea Jiménez-Moreno
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Public University of Navarra, Pamplona 31006, Spain.
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9
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Koca I, Tekguler B, Yilmaz VA, Hasbay I, Koca AF. The use of grape, pomegranate and rosehip seed flours in Turkish noodle (erişte) production. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.13343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ilkay Koca
- Department of Food Engineering; Faculty of Engineering, Ondokuz Mayis University; Samsun Turkey
| | - Belkis Tekguler
- Department of Food Engineering; Faculty of Engineering, Ondokuz Mayis University; Samsun Turkey
| | - Volkan Arif Yilmaz
- Department of Food Engineering; Faculty of Engineering, Ondokuz Mayis University; Samsun Turkey
| | - Incinur Hasbay
- Food Institute; TUBITAK Marmara Research Center; Gebze Kocaeli Turkey
| | - Ahmet Faik Koca
- Department of Food Engineering; Faculty of Engineering, Ondokuz Mayis University; Samsun Turkey
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10
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Kikuchi H, Kogure S, Arai R, Saino K, Ohkubo A, Tsuda T, Sunaga K. Rosehip inhibits xanthine oxidase activity and reduces serum urate levels in a mouse model of hyperuricemia. Biomed Rep 2017; 6:539-544. [PMID: 28529735 PMCID: PMC5431748 DOI: 10.3892/br.2017.888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Rosehip, the fruit of Rosa canina L., has traditionally been used to treat urate metabolism disorders; however, its effects on such disorders have not been characterized in detail. Therefore, the present study investigated the effects of hot water, ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts of rosehip on xanthine oxidase (XO) activity in vitro. In addition, the serum urate lowering effects of the rosehip hot water extract in a mouse model of hyperuricemia (male ddY mice, which were intraperitoneally injected with potassium oxonate) were investigated. Furthermore, the influence of rosehip hot water extract on CYP3A4 activity, which is the most important drug-metabolizing enzyme from a herb-drug interaction perspective, was investigated. Rosehip extracts of hot water, ethanol and ethyl acetate inhibited XO activity [half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values: 259.6±50.6, 242.5±46.2 and 1,462.8±544.2 µg/ml, respectively]. Furthermore, the administration of 1X rosehip hot water extract significantly reduced the levels of serum urate at 8 h, which was similar when compared with the administration of 1 mg/kg allopurinol. Rosehip hot water extract only marginally affected CYP3A4 activity (IC50 value, >1 mg/ml). These findings indicate that rosehip hot water extract may present as a functional food for individuals with a high urate level, and as a therapeutic reagent for hyperuricemic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidetomo Kikuchi
- Department of Clinical Dietetics and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Sakado, Saitama 350-0295, Japan
| | - Satomi Kogure
- Department of Clinical Dietetics and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Sakado, Saitama 350-0295, Japan
| | - Rie Arai
- Department of Clinical Dietetics and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Sakado, Saitama 350-0295, Japan
| | - Kouki Saino
- Department of Clinical Dietetics and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Sakado, Saitama 350-0295, Japan
| | - Atsuko Ohkubo
- Development Division, Ryusendo Co., Ltd., Toshimaku, Tokyo 171-0021, Japan
| | - Tadashi Tsuda
- Department of Clinical Dietetics and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Sakado, Saitama 350-0295, Japan
| | - Katsuyoshi Sunaga
- Department of Clinical Dietetics and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Sakado, Saitama 350-0295, Japan
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11
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The genus Rosa and arthritis: Overview on pharmacological perspectives. Pharmacol Res 2016; 114:219-234. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Revised: 10/23/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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12
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Oil recovery in rosehip seeds from food plant waste products using supercritical CO 2 extraction. J Supercrit Fluids 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2016.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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13
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Clinical evaluation of an antiinflammatory and antioxidant diet effect in 30 dogs affected by chronic otitis externa: preliminary results. Vet Res Commun 2016; 40:29-38. [PMID: 26743397 PMCID: PMC4754334 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-015-9651-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this evaluation study was to assess the possible role of a specific nutraceutical diet in relieving main clinical symptoms of chronic bilateral otitis externa (occlusion of ear canal, erythema, discharge quantity, and odor) in 30 adult dogs. Thirty dogs of different breeds (mean age ± SEM; 6.03 ± 0.15 years and mean weight ± SEM; 32.01 ± 1.17 Kg; 53.3% males, 46.6% females) with evident chronic clinical otitis symptoms were equally divided and randomly assigned to receive either the nutraceutical diet (ND group) or a standard diet (SD group) over a period of 90 days. In all cases a topical pharmacological treatment was given. The nutraceutical diet, also endowed with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, significantly decreased the mean score intensity of all symptoms after 90 days of intervention (P < 0.0001) with the exception of Malassezia pachydermatis infection which was only slightly reduced. Our investigation is one of the few evidence-based results where a commercial nutraceutical diet has been proven effective, in combination with drugs, in relieving otitis externa-related symptoms. This study opens new insights into otitis externa clinical management providing evidence of efficacy of a combined therapy with drugs and a specific nutraceutical diet.
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Dudra A, Strugała P, Pyrkosz-Biardzka K, Sroka Z, Gabrielska J. A Study on Biological Activity of the Polyphenol Fraction from Fruits of Rosa Rugosa
Thunb. J Food Biochem 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Dudra
- Department of Physics and Biophysics; University of Environmental and Life Sciences; Wrocław Poland
| | - Paulina Strugała
- Department of Physics and Biophysics; University of Environmental and Life Sciences; Wrocław Poland
| | | | - Zbigniew Sroka
- Medical University, Department of Pharmacognosy; Wrocław Poland
| | - Janina Gabrielska
- Department of Physics and Biophysics; University of Environmental and Life Sciences; Wrocław Poland
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15
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Mahboubi M. Rosa damascena as holy ancient herb with novel applications. J Tradit Complement Med 2015; 6:10-6. [PMID: 26870673 PMCID: PMC4737971 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2015.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2015] [Revised: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Rosa damascena as an ornamental plant is commonly known as “Gole Mohammadi” in Iran. Iranian people have been called this plant, the flower of Prophet “Mohammad”. R. damascena is traditionally used for treatment of abdominal and chest pains, strengthening the heart, menstrual bleeding, digestive problems and constipation. This paper reviews the ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry and pharmaceutical investigations on R. damascena. All relevant databases and local books on ethnopharmacology of R. damascena were probed without limitation up to 31st March 2015 and the results of these studies were collected and reviewed. R. damascena has an important position in Iranian traditional medicine. It is economically a valuable plant with therapeutic applications in modern medicine. The antimicrobial, antioxidant, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic and anti-depressant properties of R. damascena have been confirmed. Citronellol and geraniol as the main components of R. damascena essential oil are responsible for pharmacological activities. Overall, R. damascena as holy ancient plant with modern pharmacological investigations should be more investigated as traditional uses in large preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohaddese Mahboubi
- Department of Microbiology, Research Center of Barij Essence Pharmaceutical Company, Kashan, Iran
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16
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Nađpal JD, Lesjak MM, Šibul FS, Anačkov GT, Četojević-Simin DD, Mimica-Dukić NM, Beara IN. Comparative study of biological activities and phytochemical composition of two rose hips and their preserves: Rosa canina L. and Rosa arvensis Huds. Food Chem 2015; 192:907-14. [PMID: 26304428 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.07.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2015] [Revised: 07/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare phenolic profile, vitamin C content, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activity of rose hips and the preserves (purée and jam) of two Rosa species: renowned Rosa canina L. and unexplored Rosa arvensis Huds. The liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis of 45 phenolics resulted in quantification of 14 compounds, with quercitrin, gallic and protocatechuic acids as the most dominant. High antioxidant potential of R. canina and a moderate activity of R. arvensis extracts were determined through several assays. Purée of both species and methanol extract of air-dried R. canina hips showed some anti-inflammatory (cyclooxygenase-1 and 12-lipooxygense inhibition potency) activity. Purée of R. canina exerted cytotoxic activity only against the HeLa cell line among several others (HeLa, MCF7, HT-29 and MRC-5). The presented results support traditional use of rose hips and their fruit preserves as food with health and nutritional benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena D Nađpal
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Marija M Lesjak
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Filip S Šibul
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Goran T Anačkov
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 2, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Dragana D Četojević-Simin
- Oncology Institute of Vojvodina, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Dr Goldmana 4, 21204 Sremska Kamenica, Serbia
| | - Neda M Mimica-Dukić
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Ivana N Beara
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
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Fougère-Danezan M, Joly S, Bruneau A, Gao XF, Zhang LB. Phylogeny and biogeography of wild roses with specific attention to polyploids. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2015; 115:275-91. [PMID: 25550144 PMCID: PMC4551085 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcu245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Revised: 09/15/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The genus Rosa (150-200 species) is widely distributed throughout temperate and sub-tropical habitats from the northern hemisphere to tropical Asia, with only one tropical African species. In order to better understand the evolution of roses, this study examines infrageneric relationships with respect to conventional taxonomy, considers the extent of allopolyploidization and infers macroevolutionary processes that have led to the current distribution of the genus. METHODS Phylogenetic relationships among 101 species of the genus Rosa were reconstructed using sequences from the plastid psbA-trnH spacer, trnL intron, trnL-F spacer, trnS-G spacer and trnG intron, as well as from nuclear glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), which was used to identify putative allopolyploids and infer their possible origins. Chloroplast phylogeny was used to estimate divergence times and reconstruct ancestral areas. KEY RESULTS Most subgenera and sections defined by traditional taxonomy are not monophyletic. However, several clades are partly consistent with currently recognized sections. Allopolyploidy seems to have played an important role in stabilizing intersectional hybrids. Biogeographic analyses suggest that Asia played a central role as a genetic reservoir in the evolution of the genus Rosa. CONCLUSIONS The ancestral area reconstruction suggests that despite an early presence on the American continent, most extant American species are the results of a later re-colonization from Asia, probably through the Bering Land Bridge. The results suggest more recent exchanges between Asia and western North America than with eastern North America. The current distribution of roses from the Synstylae lineage in Europe is probably the result of a migration from Asia approx. 30 million years ago, after the closure of the Turgai strait. Directions for a new sectional classification of the genus Rosa are proposed, and the analyses provide an evolutionary framework for future studies on this notoriously difficult genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Fougère-Danezan
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PO Box 416, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China, Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China, Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale (Département de Sciences biologiques), Université de Montréal, 4101 Sherbrooke Est, Montréal, Québec H1X 2B2, Canada, Montreal Botanical Garden, 4101 Sherbrooke Est, Montréal, Québec H1X 2B2, Canada and Missouri Botanical Garden, PO Box 299, St. Louis, MO 63166-0299, USA Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PO Box 416, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China, Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China, Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale (Département de Sciences biologiques), Université de Montréal, 4101 Sherbrooke Est, Montréal, Québec H1X 2B2, Canada, Montreal Botanical Garden, 4101 Sherbrooke Est, Montréal, Québec H1X 2B2, Canada and Missouri Botanical Garden, PO Box 299, St. Louis, MO 63166-0299, USA
| | - Simon Joly
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PO Box 416, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China, Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China, Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale (Département de Sciences biologiques), Université de Montréal, 4101 Sherbrooke Est, Montréal, Québec H1X 2B2, Canada, Montreal Botanical Garden, 4101 Sherbrooke Est, Montréal, Québec H1X 2B2, Canada and Missouri Botanical Garden, PO Box 299, St. Louis, MO 63166-0299, USA Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PO Box 416, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China, Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China, Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale (Département de Sciences biologiques), Université de Montréal, 4101 Sherbrooke Est, Montréal, Québec H1X 2B2, Canada, Montreal Botanical Garden, 4101 Sherbrooke Est, Montréal, Québec H1X 2B2, Canada and Missouri Botanical Garden, PO Box 299, St. Louis, MO 63166-0299, USA
| | - Anne Bruneau
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PO Box 416, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China, Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China, Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale (Département de Sciences biologiques), Université de Montréal, 4101 Sherbrooke Est, Montréal, Québec H1X 2B2, Canada, Montreal Botanical Garden, 4101 Sherbrooke Est, Montréal, Québec H1X 2B2, Canada and Missouri Botanical Garden, PO Box 299, St. Louis, MO 63166-0299, USA
| | - Xin-Fen Gao
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PO Box 416, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China, Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China, Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale (Département de Sciences biologiques), Université de Montréal, 4101 Sherbrooke Est, Montréal, Québec H1X 2B2, Canada, Montreal Botanical Garden, 4101 Sherbrooke Est, Montréal, Québec H1X 2B2, Canada and Missouri Botanical Garden, PO Box 299, St. Louis, MO 63166-0299, USA
| | - Li-Bing Zhang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PO Box 416, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China, Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China, Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale (Département de Sciences biologiques), Université de Montréal, 4101 Sherbrooke Est, Montréal, Québec H1X 2B2, Canada, Montreal Botanical Garden, 4101 Sherbrooke Est, Montréal, Québec H1X 2B2, Canada and Missouri Botanical Garden, PO Box 299, St. Louis, MO 63166-0299, USA Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PO Box 416, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China, Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China, Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale (Département de Sciences biologiques), Université de Montréal, 4101 Sherbrooke Est, Montréal, Québec H1X 2B2, Canada, Montreal Botanical Garden, 4101 Sherbrooke Est, Montréal, Québec H1X 2B2, Canada and Missouri Botanical Garden, PO Box 299, St. Louis, MO 63166-0299, USA
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Jeong C, Bae D, Lim H, Lee M, Kang N, Kim S. Ameliorative effects of green tea seed extract with rose hip powder (Rosa caninaL.) on regulation of pain and inflammatory cytokines in a rat model of monosodium iodoacetate-induced experimental osteoarthritis. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2014.990058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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A novel rose hip preparation with enhanced anti-inflammatory and chondroprotective effects. Mediators Inflamm 2014; 2014:105710. [PMID: 25371599 PMCID: PMC4211164 DOI: 10.1155/2014/105710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Revised: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Rose hip powder (RHP) alleviates osteoarthritis (OA) due to its anti-inflammatory and cartilage-protective properties. Substances contained in RHP might contribute to its clinical efficacy. The activity of two RHP (i.e., RH-A, from the whole fruit, RH-B, from fruits without seeds) was investigated in human peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) and primary chondrocytes (NHAC-kn). RH-A and RH-B diminished the secretion of chemokines and cytokines in LPS/IFN-γ-activated PBL, including CCL5/RANTES, CXCL10/IP-10, interleukin- (IL-) 6, and IL-12. Most effects were transcriptional, since gene expression levels were significantly influenced by RH-A and RH-B. In IL-1β treated normal chondrocytes (NHAC-kn), both RH preparations reduced the expression of matrix metalloproteinase- (MMP-) 1, MMP-3, and MMP-13 and ADAMTS-4. These changes are associated with diminished inflammatory damage or cartilage erosion. Principal component analysis revealed that (1) RH-A and RH-B modified a large pattern of biomarkers, and (2) RH-B outperformed RH-A. Furthermore, RH-B contained more chondroprotective and anti-inflammatory constituents than RH-A. Thus, RHP contributed to restore cellular homeostasis in PBL and chondrocytes. RH preparations from fruits without seeds are thus expected to have an improved OA-preventive or OA-therapeutic profile, as subsequently shown in a related clinical trial.
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Chrubasik-Hausmann S, Chrubasik C, Neumann E, Müller-Ladner U. A pilot study on the effectiveness of a rose hip shell powder in patients suffering from chronic musculoskeletal pain. Phytother Res 2014; 28:1720-6. [PMID: 25043856 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2014] [Revised: 05/19/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
We carried out a 3-month preliminary investigation on the effectiveness of a rose hip shell powder and its mechanism of action. Of 52 patients suffering from acute exacerbations of low back pain (n = 39) or knee pain (n = 13), 29 had participated earlier in the pilot study with the pseudofruit powder Litozin(®) . After assessing the baseline values, patients were offered up to 20 g of a rose hip shell powder per day. Patients were encouraged to adjust the daily dose upwards or downwards according to their symptoms for the period of 3 months. The examination for possible effectiveness was by intention-to-treat analysis with last observation carried forward. There was no difference in any generic or disease-specific outcome variables between the patients consuming the rose hip shell powder and those consuming the pseudofruit powder Litozin(®) in the previous surveillance study. A human protein array system and fractions from the rose powders were used to study their effect on cytokine expression in vitro. The data indicate that lipophilic rose hip fractions from the shell and the pseudofruit inhibit cytokine expression and that the shell powder may be the better starting material for a future rose hip extract prepared with a lipophilic solvent.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Chrubasik-Hausmann
- Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Freiburg, Albertstr. 9, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Medicinal plant products are used orally for treating osteoarthritis. Although their mechanisms of action have not yet been elucidated in full detail, interactions with common inflammatory mediators provide a rationale for using them to treat osteoarthritic complaints. OBJECTIVES To update a previous Cochrane review to assess the benefits and harms of oral medicinal plant products in treating osteoarthritis. SEARCH METHODS We searched electronic databases (CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, AMED, CINAHL, ISI Web of Science, World Health Organization Clinical Trials Registry Platform) to 29 August 2013, unrestricted by language, and the reference lists from retrieved trials. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised controlled trials of orally consumed herbal interventions compared with placebo or active controls in people with osteoarthritis were included. Herbal interventions included any plant preparation but excluded homeopathy or aromatherapy products, or any preparation of synthetic origin. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two authors used standard methods for trial selection and data extraction, and assessed the quality of the body of evidence using the GRADE approach for major outcomes (pain, function, radiographic joint changes, quality of life, withdrawals due to adverse events, total adverse events, and serious adverse events). MAIN RESULTS Forty-nine randomised controlled studies (33 interventions, 5980 participants) were included. Seventeen studies of confirmatory design (sample and effect sizes pre-specified) were mostly at moderate risk of bias. The remaining 32 studies of exploratory design were at higher risk of bias. Due to differing interventions, meta-analyses were restricted to Boswellia serrata (monoherbal) and avocado-soyabean unsaponifiables (ASU) (two herb combination) products.Five studies of three different extracts from Boswellia serrata were included. High-quality evidence from two studies (85 participants) indicated that 90 days treatment with 100 mg of enriched Boswellia serrata extract improved symptoms compared to placebo. Mean pain was 40 points on a 0 to 100 point VAS scale (0 is no pain) with placebo, enriched Boswellia serrata reduced pain by a mean of 17 points (95% confidence interval (CI) 8 to 26); number needed to treat for an additional beneficial outcome (NNTB) 2; the 95% CIs did not exclude a clinically significant reduction of 15 points in pain. Physical function was 33 points on the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) 0 to 100 point subscale (0 is no loss of function) with placebo, enriched Boswellia serrata improved function by 8 points (95% CI 2 to 14); NNTB 4. Assuming a minimal clinically important difference of 10 points, we cannot exclude a clinically important benefit in some people. Moderate-quality evidence (one study, 96 participants) indicated that adverse events were probably reduced with enriched Boswellia serrata (18/48 events versus 30/48 events with placebo; relative risk (RR) 0.60, 95% CI 0.39 to 0.92). Possible benefits of other Boswellia serrata extracts over placebo were confirmed in moderate-quality evidence from two studies (97 participants) of Boswellia serrata (enriched) 100 mg plus non-volatile oil, and low-quality evidence from small single studies of a 999 mg daily dose of Boswellia serrata extract and 250 mg daily dose of enrichedBoswellia serrata. It was uncertain if a 99 mg daily dose of Boswellia serrata offered benefits over valdecoxib due to the very low-quality evidence from a small single study. It was uncertain if there was an increased risk of adverse events or withdrawals with Boswellia serrata extract due to variable reporting of results across studies. The studies reported no serious adverse events. Quality of life and radiographic joint changes were not measured.Six studies examined the ASU product Piasclidine®. Moderate-quality evidence from four studies (651 participants) indicated that ASU 300 mg produced a small and clinically questionable improvement in symptoms, and probably no increased adverse events compared to placebo after three to 12 months treatment. Mean pain with placebo was 40.5 points on a VAS 0 to 100 scale (0 is no pain), ASU 300 mg reduced pain by a mean of 8.5 points (95% CI 1 to 16 points); NNTB 8. ASU 300 mg improved function (standardised mean difference (SMD) -0.42, 95% CI -0.73 to -0.11). Function was estimated as 47 mm (0 to 100 mm scale, where 0 is no loss of function) with placebo, ASU 300 mg improved function by a mean of 7 mm (95% CI 2 to 12 mm); NNTB 5 (3 to 19). There were no differences in adverse events (5 studies, 1050 participants) between ASU (53%) and placebo (51%) (RR 1.04, 95% CI 0.97 to 1.12); withdrawals due to adverse events (1 study, 398 participants) between ASU (17%) and placebo (15%) (RR 1.14, 95% CI 0.73 to 1.80); or serious adverse events (1 study, 398 participants) between ASU (40%) and placebo (33%) (RR 1.22, 95% CI 0.94 to 1.59). Radiographic joint changes, measured as change in joint space width (JSW) in two studies (453 participants) did not differ between ASU 300 mg treatment (-0.53 mm) and placebo (-0.65 mm); mean difference of -0.12 (95% CI -0.43 to 0.19). Moderate-quality evidence from a single study (156 participants) confirmed possible benefits of ASU 600 mg over placebo, with no increased adverse events. Low-quality evidence (1 study, 357 participants) indicated there may be no differences in symptoms or adverse events between ASU 300 mg and chondroitin sulphate. Quality of life was not measured.All other herbal interventions were investigated in single studies, limiting conclusions. No serious side effects related to any plant product were reported. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Evidence for the proprietary ASU product Piasclidine® in the treatment of osteoarthritis symptoms seems moderate to high for short term use, but studies over a longer term and against an apparently active control are less convincing. Several other medicinal plant products, including extracts of Boswellia serrata, show trends of benefits that warrant further investigation in light of the fact that the risk of adverse events appear low.There is no evidence that Piasclidine® significantly improves joint structure, and limited evidence that it prevents joint space narrowing. Structural changes were not tested for with any other herbal intervention.Further investigations are required to determine optimum daily doses producing clinical benefits without adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melainie Cameron
- University of the Sunshine CoastSchool of Health and Sport Sciences, Cluster for Health ImprovementSippy Downs campusLocked Bag 4Maroochydore DCQueenslandAustralia4558
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The effects of the hydroalcohol extract of Rosa canina L. fruit on ischemic acute renal failure in Wistar rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00580-012-1533-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Andersson U, Berger K, Högberg A, Landin-Olsson M, Holm C. Effects of rose hip intake on risk markers of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease: a randomized, double-blind, cross-over investigation in obese persons. Eur J Clin Nutr 2011; 66:585-90. [PMID: 22166897 PMCID: PMC3343291 DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2011.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: In studies performed in mice, rose hip powder has been shown to both prevent and reverse high-fat diet-induced obesity and glucose intolerance as well as reduce plasma levels of cholesterol. The aim of this study was to investigate whether daily intake of rose hip powder over 6 weeks exerts beneficial metabolic effects in obese individuals. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A total of 31 obese individuals with normal or impaired glucose tolerance were enrolled in a randomized, double-blind, cross-over study in which metabolic effects of daily intake of a rose hip powder drink over 6 weeks was compared with a control drink. Body weight, glucose tolerance, blood pressure, blood lipids and markers of inflammation were assessed in the subjects. RESULTS: In comparison with the control drink, 6 weeks of daily consumption of the rose hip drink resulted in a significant reduction of systolic blood pressure (−3.4% P=0.021), total plasma cholesterol (−4.9% P=0.0018), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (−6.0% P=0.012) and LDL/HDL ratio (−6.5% P=0.041). The Reynolds risk assessment score for cardiovascular disease was decreased in the rose hip group compared with the control group (−17% P=0.007). Body weight, diastolic blood pressure, glucose tolerance, and plasma levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, triglycerides, incretins and markers of inflammation did not differ between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Daily consumption of 40 g of rose hip powder for 6 weeks can significantly reduce cardiovascular risk in obese people through lowering of systolic blood pressure and plasma cholesterol levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Andersson
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Schwager J, Hoeller U, Wolfram S, Richard N. Rose hip and its constituent galactolipids confer cartilage protection by modulating cytokine, and chemokine expression. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2011; 11:105. [PMID: 22051322 PMCID: PMC3231956 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-11-105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2011] [Accepted: 11/03/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Clinical studies have shown that rose hip powder (RHP) alleviates osteoarthritis (OA). This might be due to anti-inflammatory and cartilage-protective properties of the complete RHP or specific constituents of RHP. Cellular systems (macrophages, peripheral blood leukocytes and chondrocytes), which respond to inflammatory and OA-inducing stimuli, are used as in vitro surrogates to evaluate the possible pain-relief and disease-modifying effects of RHP. Methods (1) Inflammatory processes were induced in RAW264.7 cells or human peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) with LPS. Inflammatory mediators (nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and cytokines/chemokines) were determined by the Griess reaction, EIA and multiplex ELISA, respectively. Gene expression was quantified by RT-PCR. RHP or its constituent galactolipid, GLGPG (galactolipid (2S)-1, 2-di-O-[(9Z, 12Z, 15Z)-octadeca-9, 12, 15-trienoyl]-3-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl glycerol), were added at various concentrations and the effects on biochemical and molecular parameters were evaluated. (2) SW1353 chondrosarcoma cells and primary human knee articular chondrocytes (NHAC-kn) were treated with interleukin (IL)-1β to induce in vitro processes similar to those occurring during in vivo degradation of cartilage. Biomarkers related to OA (NO, PGE2, cytokines, chemokines, metalloproteinases) were measured by multiplex ELISA and gene expression analysis in chondrocytes. We investigated the modulation of these events by RHP and GLGPG. Results In macrophages and PBL, RHP and GLGPG inhibited NO and PGE2 production and reduced the secretion of cytokines (TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12) and chemokines (CCL5/RANTES, CXCL10/IP-10). In SW1353 cells and primary chondrocytes, RHP and GLGPG diminished catabolic gene expression and inflammatory protein secretion as shown by lower mRNA levels of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-13), aggrecanase (ADAMTS-4), macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP-2, MIP-3α), CCL5/RANTES, CXCL10/IP-10, IL-8, IL-1α and IL-6. The effects of GLGPG were weaker than those of RHP, which presumably contains other chondro-protective substances besides GLGPG. Conclusions RHP and GLGPG attenuate inflammatory responses in different cellular systems (macrophages, PBLs and chondrocytes). The effects on cytokine production and MMP expression indicate that RHP and its constituent GLGPG down-regulate catabolic processes associated with osteoarthritis (OA) or rheumatoid arthritis (RA). These data provide a molecular and biochemical basis for cartilage protection provided by RHP.
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Lattanzio F, Greco E, Carretta D, Cervellati R, Govoni P, Speroni E. In vivo anti-inflammatory effect of Rosa canina L. extract. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 137:880-885. [PMID: 21771653 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2011] [Revised: 06/28/2011] [Accepted: 07/03/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Rosa canina L. is a medicinal plant largely used in traditional folk medicine. Several compounds from rose hip extracts were reported to display in vitro anti-inflammatory activities. AIM OF THE STUDY The in vivo effects of Rosa canina extracts are still poorly investigated. In the present study the anti-inflammatory and the gastroprotective effects of a hydroalcoholic crude extract of Rosa canina fruits were tested in rat. MATERIALS AND METHODS The anti-inflammatory activity of the extract was tested on the carrageenin-induced rat paw edema assay. The gastroprotective effect was investigated on the ethanol-induced gastric damage model. The in vitro antioxidant activity of this extract was also quantified using the Briggs-Rauscher oscillating reaction, the Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity method, and the Total Phenolic Content. RESULTS Data show that the Rosa canina extract inhibits the development of carrageenin-induced edema; the anti-inflammatory power is similar to that of indomethacin. The antiedema effect was more significant using a higher dose of the extract. The total score expressing gastric damage was lower in Rosa canina pre-treated stomachs with respect to unpre-treated ones, although the antiulcerogenic effectiveness was not statistically significant. The antiulcerogenic effectiveness was not statistically detectable, even if the total score expressing gastric damage was lower in Rosa canina stomachs from pre-treated rats with respect to unpre-treated ones. Chemical analysis revealed that the extract owns a good antioxidant activity that may also contribute to the anti-inflammatory effects observed in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, the present data demonstrate the anti-inflammatory property of Rosa canina suggesting its potential role as adjuvant therapeutic tool for the management of inflammatory-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Lattanzio
- Department of Pharmacology, Bologna University, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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Kirkeskov B, Christensen R, Bügel S, Bliddal H, Danneskiold-Samsøe B, Christensen LP, Andersen JR. The effects of rose hip (Rosa canina) on plasma antioxidative activity and C-reactive protein in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and normal controls: a prospective cohort study. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 18:953-958. [PMID: 21420288 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2011.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2010] [Revised: 12/21/2010] [Accepted: 02/07/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Rose hip (Rosa canina) has been used as an herbal remedy against a wide range of ailments including inflammatory disorders. The anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of rose hips have been evaluated in vitro and active constituents have been isolated. Rose hip contains antioxidant nutrients and an anti-inflammatory galactolipid. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory disease where activated cells release reactive oxygen substances. Thus it could be relevant to investigate if rose hip had an anti-inflammatory and/or antioxidant effect in this situation. METHODS In this open case-control study 20 female patients with RA and 10 female controls were given 10.5 g rose hip powder daily (Litozin®) for 28 days. Blood samples were analysed at baseline and follow-up for the capacity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and catalase and the inflammatory marker C-reactive protein (CRP). The participants kept a food diary for the first 3 days and the last 3 days of the intervention period. The RA-patients completed The Stanford Health Assessment Questionnaire at baseline and follow-up. RESULTS CRP-concentrations of both patients and healthy controls did not change. Nor was any effect found on the activity of antioxidant enzymes. There was no difference in food intake at baseline, but in the last week the RA-group reduced their energy intake. CONCLUSIONS 10.5 g Litozin® in 28 days had neither effect on clinical symptoms or laboratory measurements in patients with RA or healthy controls. This is in contrast to previous intervention studies with rose hip powder that found a reduction in the concentration of CRP. The results of the present study indicate that a daily amount of approximately 10 g rose hip powder for one month has no anti-inflammatory and/or antioxidant effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bente Kirkeskov
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 30, DK-1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
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Orlando RA, Gonzales AM, Hunsaker LA, Franco CR, Royer RE, Vander Jagt DL, Vander Jagt DJ. Inhibition of nuclear factor kappaB activation and cyclooxygenase-2 expression by aqueous extracts of Hispanic medicinal herbs. J Med Food 2010; 13:888-95. [PMID: 20482259 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2009.1128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are a primary choice of therapy for diseases with a chronic inflammatory component. Unfortunately, long-term NSAID therapy is often accompanied by severe side effects, including cardiovascular and gastrointestinal complications. Because of this, there is critical need for identification of new and safer treatments for chronic inflammation to circumvent these side effects. Inflammatory diseases have been successfully remedied with natural herbs by many cultures. To better understand the potential of natural herbs in treating chronic inflammation and to identify their mechanism of action, we have evaluated the anti-inflammatory activities of 20 medicinal herbs commonly used in the Hispanic culture. We have established a standardized method for preparing aqueous extracts (teas) from the selected medicinal herbs and screened for inhibition of tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced activation of nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB), which is the central signaling pathway of the inflammatory response. A number of herbal teas were identified that exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity. In particular, tea from the herb commonly called laurel was found to be an especially potent inhibitor of NF-kappaB-dependent cyclooxygenase-2 gene expression and prostaglandin E(2) production in cultured murine macrophages. These findings indicate that laurel tea extract contains potent anti-inflammatory compounds that function by inhibiting the major signal transduction pathway responsible for inducing an inflammatory event. Based on these results, laurel may represent a new, safe therapeutic agent for managing chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Orlando
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA.
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Cameron M, Gagnier JJ, Little CV, Parsons TJ, Blümle A, Chrubasik S. Evidence of effectiveness of herbal medicinal products in the treatment of arthritis. Part I: Osteoarthritis. Phytother Res 2010; 23:1497-515. [PMID: 19856319 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.3007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Herbal medicinal products (HMPs) are used in a variety of oral and topical forms for the treatment of osteoarthritis. The aim of this study was to update a previous systematic review published in 2000. We searched electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, CISCOM, AMED, CINAHL, Cochrane registers) to June 2007, unrestricted by date or language, and included randomized controlled trials that compared HMPs with inert (placebo) or active controls in patients with osteoarthritis. Five reviewers contributed to data extraction. Disagreements were discussed and resolved by consensus with reference to Cochrane guidelines and advice from the Cochrane Collaboration.Thirty-five studies (30 studies identified for this review update, and 5 studies included in the original review) evaluating the effectiveness of 22 HMPs were included. However, due to differing HMPs, interventions, comparators, and outcome measures, meta-analysis was restricted to data from studies of three HMPs: topical capsaicin, avocado-soybean unsaponifiables, and the Chinese herbal mixture SKI306X showed benefit in the alleviation of osteoarthritic pain.Several studies investigating products from devil's claw, and a powder from rose hip and seed, reported favorable effects on osteoarthritic pain, whereas two studies of a willow bark extract returned disparate results. Three studies of Phytodolor N(R) were of limited use because doses and measures were inconsistent among trials. The remaining single studies for each HMP provided moderate evidence of effectiveness. No serious side effects were reported with any herbal intervention.Despite some evidence, the effectiveness of none of the HMPs is proven beyond doubt. The obvious potential benefits of HMPs in the treatment of osteoarthritis are reduced reliance on synthetic medications with the associated risks of harmful adverse events, but further clinical trials are necessary before HMPs can be adopted in osteoarthritis treatment guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melainie Cameron
- School of Sport and Exercise Science, Centre for Ageing, Rehabilitation, Exercize and Sport (CARES), Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia.
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Willich SN, Rossnagel K, Roll S, Wagner A, Mune O, Erlendson J, Kharazmi A, Sörensen H, Winther K. Rose hip herbal remedy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis - a randomised controlled trial. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2010; 17:87-93. [PMID: 19818588 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2009.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2009] [Revised: 07/30/2009] [Accepted: 09/01/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate if standardised powder made from rose-hip (Rosa canina) can reduce the symptom score in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. METHODS In a double-blind placebo-controlled trial, patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) according to ARA/ACR criteria were randomised to treatment with capsulated rose-hip powder 5g daily or matching placebo for 6 months at two outpatient clinics in Berlin and Copenhagen. Primary outcome variable was Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) at 6 months, secondary outcome included DAS-28, physician's global evaluation of disease activity, RAQoL, SF-12 and concomitant pain medication. RESULTS In a total of 89 patients (90% female, mean age 56.6+11.3 years, mean disease duration 12.8+9.6 years) HAQ-DI in the rose-hip group improved by 0.105+/-0.346, whereas in the placebo group it worsened by 0.039+/-0.253 (p adjusted=0.032). In the HAQ Patient Pain Scale no significant differences were observed between both groups. In the HAQ Patient Global Scale a trend was seen favouring rose-hip (p=0.078). The DAS-28 score yielded improvement in the rose-hip group of 0.89+/-1.32 and in the placebo group of 0.34+/-1.27 (p=0.056) indicating moderate clinical relevance. The Physicians Global Scale demonstrated more improvement in the rose-hip compared to the placebo group (p=0.012). RAQoL and SF-12 physical score improved significantly in the rose-hip group compared to placebo, whereas SF-12 mental score remained unchanged. Intake of pain medication was not different between the groups. Per-protocol analysis confirmed these results. CONCLUSION The results indicate that patients with RA may benefit from additional treatment with rose hip powder.
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Affiliation(s)
- S N Willich
- Institute for Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité University Medical Centre, Berlin, Germany
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NIR-FT-Raman spectroscopic analytical characterization of the fruits, seeds, and phytotherapeutic oils from rosehips. Anal Bioanal Chem 2008; 392:1489-96. [PMID: 18931992 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-008-2459-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2008] [Revised: 09/16/2008] [Accepted: 10/06/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study nondestructive Raman spectroscopic analysis of rosehips has been conducted by laser excitation at 1064 nm, with the objective of direct measurement of different parts of the fruit, including the inside and outside of the seeds, while preserving the integrity of the more representative chemicals. Carotenoid substances are responsible for the major Raman features in the spectra of the fruit parts; analysis of the nu(1) mode (1520 cm(-1)) strongly indicates the presence of a C(9) carotene, and analysis of the main characteristic carotene band set (C=C, C-C, and C-CH(3) stretching modes at 1520, 1157, and 1007 cm(-1), respectively) suggests the presence of beta-carotene as the main constituent. Raman spectra of the seed parts show the presence of unsaturated fatty acids, which are predominant inside the seed; these spectra also reveal the fatty products content comprises cis isomers. Analysis of the CH-stretching region bands and comparison with those in the spectra obtained from linoleic acid and commercial rosehip oil indicate that the relative band intensity of the CH-stretching mode is strongly affected by the chemical environment of the fatty acid esters present in both parts (inside and outside) of rosehips seeds.
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Wenzig EM, Widowitz U, Kunert O, Chrubasik S, Bucar F, Knauder E, Bauer R. Phytochemical composition and in vitro pharmacological activity of two rose hip (Rosa canina L.) preparations. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2008; 15:826-835. [PMID: 18707854 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2008.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2008] [Accepted: 06/27/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to compare powdered rose hip with and without fruits (Rosae pseudofructus cum/sine fructibus, Rosa canina L., Rosaceae) with regard to their phytochemical profile and their in vitro anti-inflammatory and radical-scavenging properties. The two powders were subsequently extracted with solvents of increasing polarity and tested for inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX-1, COX-2) and of 5-LOX-mediated leukotriene B(4) (LTB(4)) formation as well as for DPPH-radical-scavenging capacity. While the water and methanol extracts were inactive in the COX-1, COX-2 and LTB(4) inhibition assays, the n-hexane and the dichloromethane extracts inhibited all three enzymes. In the active extracts, the triterpenoic acids ursolic acid, oleanolic acid and betulinic acid were identified, although only in minute amounts. Furthermore, oleic, linoleic and alpha-linolenic acid were identified apart from several saturated fatty acids. Even though unsaturated fatty acids are known to be good inhibitors of COX-1, COX-2 and LT formation, no clear correlation between their concentration in the extracts and their activity was found. We suggest that other, yet unidentified, lipophilic constituents might play a more important role for the observed in vitro inhibitory activity on arachidonic acid metabolism. Some of the extracts also showed considerable DPPH radical scavenging activity, the methanolic extracts being most potent. The radical scavenging activity of the extracts correlated very well with their total phenolic content, while ascorbic acid contributes only little to the radical-scavenging activity due to its low concentration present in the extracts. In summary, extracts derived from powdered rose hip without fruits were more effective in all assays carried out compared with extracts derived from powdered rose hip with fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M Wenzig
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Universitaetsplatz 4, 8010 Graz, Austria
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Christensen R, Bartels EM, Altman RD, Astrup A, Bliddal H. Does the hip powder of Rosa canina (rosehip) reduce pain in osteoarthritis patients?--a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2008; 16:965-72. [PMID: 18407528 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2008.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2007] [Accepted: 03/02/2008] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs)--of a hip powder of Rosa canina (rosehip) preparation for symptomatic treatment of osteoarthritis (OA), in order to estimate the empirical efficacy as a pain reducing compound. METHOD RCTs from systematic searches were included if they explicitly stated that OA patients were randomized to either rosehip or placebo. The primary outcome was reduction in pain calculated as effect size (ES), defined as the standardized mean difference (SMD). As secondary analysis the number of responders to therapy was analyzed as Odds Ratios (OR), and expressed as the Number Needed to Treat (NNT). Restricted Maximum Likelihood (REML) methods were applied for the meta-analyses using mixed effects models. RESULTS The three studies (287 patients and a median trial-duration of 3 months)--all supported by the manufacturer (Hyben-Vital International)--showed a reduction in pain scores by rosehip powder (145 patients) compared to placebo (142 patients): ES of 0.37 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.13-0.60], P=0.002. Test for homogeneity seemed to support that the efficacy was consistent across trials (I(2)=0%). Thus it seems reasonable to assume that the three studies were measuring the same overall effect. It seemed twice as likely that a patient allocated to rosehip powder would respond to therapy, compared to placebo (OR=2.19; P=0.0009); corresponding to a NNT of six (95% CI: 4-13) patients. CONCLUSIONS Although based on a sparse amount of data, the results of the present meta-analysis indicate that rosehip powder does reduce pain; accordingly it may be of interest as a nutraceutical, although its efficacy and safety need evaluation and independent replication in a future large-scale/long-term trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Christensen
- The Parker Institute, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, Frederiksberg Hospital, Denmark
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Jäger AK, Petersen KN, Thomasen G, Christensen SB. Isolation of linoleic andα-linolenic acids as COX-1 and -2 inhibitors in rose hip. Phytother Res 2008; 22:982-4. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.2446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Chrubasik C, Roufogalis BD, Müller-Ladner U, Chrubasik S. A systematic review on theRosa canina effect and efficacy profiles. Phytother Res 2008; 22:725-33. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.2400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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