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Chen J, Jin L, Chen M, Xu K, Huang Q, He B. Application of natural compounds in the treatment and prevention of prediabetes. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1301129. [PMID: 38099180 PMCID: PMC10719952 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1301129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Prediabetes is an intermediate stage in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus characterized by impaired fasting glucose and/or impaired glucose tolerance. Prediabetes generally has no obvious clinical symptoms, and most patients are found in health examinations or due to other diseases. Reactive hypoglycemia may indicate the possibility of early diabetes. Without effective preventive measures, prediabetes can progress to diabetes leading to serious public health problems. Therefore, early diagnosis and intervention are important. Many animal experiments and clinical trials have proven that natural compounds substantially improve glucose metabolism disorder. The active ingredients are mainly alkaloids, polysaccharides, saponins, terpenoids, flavonoids and polyphenols. Their mechanism of action mainly involves improved insulin sensitivity and insulin resistance, inhibited activity of alpha-glucosidase, antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory, regulation of gut microbiota and activating of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ. This paper reviews the mechanisms of action of natural compounds on prediabetes and the status of related research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Jin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengyao Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Kai Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Qi Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Beihui He
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
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Campanelli-Morais Y, Silva CHF, Dantas MRDN, Sabry DA, Sassaki GL, Moreira SMG, Rocha HAO. A Blend Consisting of Agaran from Seaweed Gracilaria birdiae and Chromium Picolinate Is a Better Antioxidant Agent than These Two Compounds Alone. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:388. [PMID: 37504919 PMCID: PMC10381178 DOI: 10.3390/md21070388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A blend refers to the combination of two or more components to achieve properties that are superior to those found in the individual products used for their production. Gracilaria birdiae agaran (SPGb) and chromium picolinate (ChrPic) are both antioxidant agents. However, there is no documentation of blends that incorporate agarans and ChrPic. Hence, the objective of this study was to generate blends containing SPGb and ChrPic that exhibit enhanced antioxidant activity compared to SPGb or ChrPic alone. ChrPic was commercially acquired, while SPGb was extracted from the seaweed. Five blends (B1; B2; B3; B4; B5) were produced, and tests indicated B5 as the best antioxidant blend. B5 was not cytotoxic or genotoxic. H2O2 (0.6 mM) induced toxicity in fibroblasts (3T3), and this effect was abolished by B5 (0.05 mg·mL-1); neither ChrPic nor SPGb showed this effect. The cells also showed no signs of toxicity when exposed to H2O2 after being incubated with B5 and ChrPic for 24 h. In another experiment, cells were incubated with H2O2 and later exposed to SPGb, ChrPic, or B5. Again, SPGb was not effective, while cells exposed to ChrPic and B5 reduced MTT by 100%. The data demonstrated that B5 has activity superior to SPGb and ChrPic and points to B5 as a product to be used in future in vivo tests to confirm its antioxidant action. It may also be indicated as a possible nutraceutical agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yara Campanelli-Morais
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquimica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-900, Brazil
| | - Cynthia Haynara Ferreira Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquimica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-900, Brazil
| | - Marina Rocha do Nascimento Dantas
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquimica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-900, Brazil
| | - Diego Araujo Sabry
- Dapartamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-900, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Lanzi Sassaki
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Susana Margarida Gomes Moreira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquimica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-900, Brazil
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-900, Brazil
| | - Hugo Alexandre Oliveira Rocha
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquimica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-900, Brazil
- Dapartamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-900, Brazil
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A multivariate approach to dithiocarbamate fungicides determination in yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis): A faster, cheaper, robust, and environmentally friendly method. Food Chem 2023; 404:134268. [PMID: 36444030 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Gerber T, Nunes A, Moreira BR, Maraschin M. Yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hil.) for new therapeutic and nutraceutical interventions: A review of patents issued in the last 20 years (2000-2020). Phytother Res 2023; 37:527-548. [PMID: 36180970 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
It has been estimated that more than 70% of all drugs approved worldwide between 1981 and 2006 for human health are derived from or structurally similar to natural compounds. The identification of biological matrices containing bioactive compounds with therapeutic and nutraceutical potential is necessary to supply the global market demands. Researches have indicated that the consumption of dry and aqueous extracts of Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hil. is safe, providing that plant biomass does not be exposed to smoke over the drying process, avoiding contamination (e.g., ) with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon compounds, and can might help avoiding many diseases, with important potential applications in the pharma and nutraceutical industries. A survey was carried out covering the main therapeutic and nutraceutical studies performed on I. paraguariensis extracts and their relationship with the global patents granted in the last 20 years for the products using this specie in their composition. In the PubMed database, by searching for the term "Ilex paraguariensis," an output with 497 scientific publications was found. Each paper was analyzed individually and 26 publications encompassing exclusively therapeutical and nutraceutical approaches of that plant species were selected. For the patent screening regarding Ilex-derived products, the survey considered three patent databases: European Patent Office (EPO) (Espacenet), World Intellectual Property Organization, WIPO), and National Institute of Industrial Property (NIIP-Brazil). The criterion chosen to select the patents in the databases was the inclusion of the terms "Ilex paraguariensis" and "yerba mate" in the title and/or in the abstract, considering the patents issued from 2000 to 2020. Additionally, only patents with therapeutic and nutraceutical potential were considered on the survey. The screening and selection of the documents were performed independently by two researchers and the information cross-checked at the end. This review contributes to show the state of the art over the last 20 years on the knowledge about the therapeutical and nutraceutical usages of the yerba mate, associated to a certain number of issued patents. The patent survey afforded 62 relevant documents covering products based on Ilex paraguariensis biomass. Considering the number of patents issued, most of them are related to the pharmaceutical area (30), followed by food supplements and beverages (17), cosmetics (10) and, finally, nutraceuticals (5). A detailed analysis of the patents issued showed that most are related to pharmaceutical grade products, generally, marketed as oral and injectable compositions for treatments of obesity, insulin resistance, hyperlipemia and diabetes mellitus, arteriosclerosis, neurological diseases, and SARS-Cov-2, for example. In this work, a curious fact is that there are few patents for food, cosmetics, and nutraceuticals products containing yerba mate. Therefore, it seems to be relevant to take into account the potential of that species as source of bioactive compounds for the development of new products not only intended to the pharma sector. In this sense, 26 reports were identified showing possibilities and trendiness in developing new yerba mate based products, such as packaging, biopesticides, antiseptics, and food supply, expanding the possibilities of technological applications of this plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaise Gerber
- Plant Morphogenesis and Biochemistry Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Aline Nunes
- Plant Morphogenesis and Biochemistry Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Bruna R Moreira
- Plant Morphogenesis and Biochemistry Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Maraschin
- Plant Morphogenesis and Biochemistry Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
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Chen M, Li M, Wei Y, Xue C, Chen M, Fei Y, Tan L, Luo Z, Cai K, Hu Y. ROS-activatable biomimetic interface mediates in-situ bioenergetic remodeling of osteogenic cells for osteoporotic bone repair. Biomaterials 2022; 291:121878. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Derosa G, D'Angelo A, Maffioli P. The role of selected nutraceuticals in management of prediabetes and diabetes: An updated review of the literature. Phytother Res 2022; 36:3709-3765. [PMID: 35912631 PMCID: PMC9804244 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Dysglycemia is a disease state preceding the onset of diabetes and includes impaired fasting glycemia and impaired glucose tolerance. This review aimed to collect and analyze the literature reporting the results of clinical trials evaluating the effects of selected nutraceuticals on glycemia in humans. The results of the analyzed trials, generally, showed the positive effects of the nutraceuticals studied alone or in association with other supplements on fasting plasma glucose and post-prandial plasma glucose as primary outcomes, and their efficacy in improving insulin resistance as a secondary outcome. Some evidences, obtained from clinical trials, suggest a role for some nutraceuticals, and in particular Berberis, Banaba, Curcumin, and Guar gum, in the management of prediabetes and diabetes. However, contradictory results were found on the hypoglycemic effects of Morus, Ilex paraguariensis, Omega-3, Allium cepa, and Trigonella faenum graecum, whereby rigorous long-term clinical trials are needed to confirm these data. More studies are also needed for Eugenia jambolana, as well as for Ascophyllum nodosum and Fucus vesiculosus which glucose-lowering effects were observed when administered in combination, but not alone. Further trials are also needed for quercetin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Derosa
- Department of Internal Medicine and TherapeuticsUniversity of PaviaPaviaItaly,Centre of Diabetes, Metabolic Diseases, and DyslipidemiasUniversity of PaviaPaviaItaly,Regional Centre for Prevention, Surveillance, Diagnosis and Treatment of Dyslipidemias and AtherosclerosisFondazione IRCCS Policlinico San MatteoPaviaItaly,Italian Nutraceutical Society (SINut)BolognaItaly,Laboratory of Molecular MedicineUniversity of PaviaPaviaItaly
| | - Angela D'Angelo
- Department of Internal Medicine and TherapeuticsUniversity of PaviaPaviaItaly,Laboratory of Molecular MedicineUniversity of PaviaPaviaItaly
| | - Pamela Maffioli
- Centre of Diabetes, Metabolic Diseases, and DyslipidemiasUniversity of PaviaPaviaItaly,Regional Centre for Prevention, Surveillance, Diagnosis and Treatment of Dyslipidemias and AtherosclerosisFondazione IRCCS Policlinico San MatteoPaviaItaly,Italian Nutraceutical Society (SINut)BolognaItaly
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da Silva RC, Dos Santos ID, Neu JP, Wouters RD, Fontana MEZ, Balbinot PDR, Wagner R, Pizzutti IR. Commercial yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) produced in South America: Determination of dithiocarbamate residues by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Food Chem 2022; 394:133513. [PMID: 35749875 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
This work presents an easy and quick miniaturized procedure for the analysis of dithiocarbamates fungicides (DTC), by GC-MS, in yerba mate, an important product in South America. The sample amount, the volume of extracting solvent and acid solution, and the time of hot bath shaking were minimized. A clean-up procedure based on PSA, GCB and MgSO4 was studied in order to improve analytical signal and reduce GC-MS system damage. Blank yerba mate samples were spiked with thiram at equivalent CS2 concentrations of 0.1, 0.3, 0.5 and 1 mg kg-1. The validated method at least 2 times faster than the traditional method and was according to the latest European guidelines for pesticide residue analysis. Linearity, limits of detection and quantification, matrix effects, trueness and precision were assessed. Sixty-five commercialized samples from southern Brazil and Argentina were analyzed; 14% of samples presented CS2 concentration greater than LOQ (0.1 mg kg-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosselei Caiel da Silva
- Chemistry Department, Center of Research and Analysis of Residues and Contaminants (CEPARC), Federal University of Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Ingrid Duarte Dos Santos
- Food Science and Technology Department, Federal University of Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Júlia Paula Neu
- Chemistry Department, Center of Research and Analysis of Residues and Contaminants (CEPARC), Federal University of Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Robson Dias Wouters
- Chemistry Department, Center of Research and Analysis of Residues and Contaminants (CEPARC), Federal University of Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Marlos Eduardo Zorzella Fontana
- Chemistry Department, Center of Research and Analysis of Residues and Contaminants (CEPARC), Federal University of Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Priscila Dotto Rosa Balbinot
- Chemistry Department, Center of Research and Analysis of Residues and Contaminants (CEPARC), Federal University of Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Roger Wagner
- Food Science and Technology Department, Federal University of Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Ionara Regina Pizzutti
- Chemistry Department, Center of Research and Analysis of Residues and Contaminants (CEPARC), Federal University of Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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Metabolic Actions of a Supplement of Ilex Paraguariensis (An Extract of the Leaf Standardized to 2% I-Deoxinojirimcina), White Mulberry and Chromium Picolinate in Nondiabetic Subects with Dysglycemia: A Randomized Trial. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11070709. [PMID: 34357081 PMCID: PMC8308058 DOI: 10.3390/life11070709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To prove if a nutraceutical containing Ilex paraguariensis (Ilex L. spp. Aquifoliales) (an extract of the leaf standardized to 2% I-deoxinojirimcina), white mulberry (Morus spp., Moraceae), and chromium picolinate can be effective in improving glycemic status in subject with dysglycemia. Methods: We randomized patients to consume placebo or the nutraceutical, self-administered once a day, one tablet at breakfast, for 3 months. Results: A reduction in fasting plasma glucose, postprandial glucose, and glycated hemoglobin was observed with the nutraceutical combination, both compared to baseline and placebo. Data suggested a decrease in the Homeostasis Model Assessment index with the nutraceutical, both compared to baseline and placebo. The M value, an index of insulin sensitivity, obtained after nutraceutical treatment was higher compared to baseline. We recorded a decrease in total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and triglycerides with the nutraceutical combination compared to baseline and placebo. A decrease in high-sensitivity C-reactive protein was observed with the nutraceutical combination compared to baseline and placebo. Conclusions: A nutraceutical containing Ilex paraguariensis, white mulberry, and chromium picolinate can be helpful in improving glycemic status and lipid profile in dysglycemic subjects.
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Chai J, Dong J, Yang B, Guan P, Wei X, Du Y, Liu B, Wen G. Probing Cr(III) from Cr(pic)3 derivatives in living cell by two rhodamine B-based AIEgens. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2021.108579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Abscisic Acid Treatment in Patients with Prediabetes. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12102931. [PMID: 32987917 PMCID: PMC7599846 DOI: 10.3390/nu12102931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: to evaluate the effects of abscisic acid (ABA), contained in dwarf peaches, on the regression of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) conditions. Materials and methods: sixty-five patients with IFG or IGT were randomized to take ABA or placebo for 3 months. We evaluated: fasting plasma glucose (FPG), postprandial plasma glucose (PPG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting plasma insulin (FPI), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), lipid profile and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (Hs-CRP). At baseline, and after 3 months, all patients underwent an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), an euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp, and a glucagon test. Results: a significant reduction of HbA1c, FPG, PPG, FPI and HOMA-IR was observed in the ABA group. After 3 months, 26.7% of patients returned to a normal glycemic status in the ABA group versus zero patients in placebo group; 20.0% were classified as IFG and 53.3% as IGT in the nutraceutical group versus 33.3% and 63.3% in the placebo group. The M value was higher in the ABA group at the end of the treatment. Finally, Hs-CRP was reduced after 3 months of ABA consumption. Conclusions: abscisic acid can be effective in ameliorating glyco-metabolic compensation and in reducing inflammatory status in patients with IFG or IGT.
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