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Uddandrao VVS, Eraniappan S, Balakrishnan Ramajayam A, Singaravel S, Roy A, Parim BN, Ponnusamy C, Ganapathy S, Ponnusamy P, Sasikumar V. Hydroxycitric acid and capsaicin combination alleviates obesity-induced testicular apoptosis, oxidative stress and inflammation. Syst Biol Reprod Med 2024; 70:20-37. [PMID: 38323592 DOI: 10.1080/19396368.2024.2306403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Recent research in rodents suggests that oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in the testes caused by high-fat diets (HFD) are a cause of male infertility. To investigate the therapeutic efficacy of the combination of hydroxycitric acid and capsaicin (HCC) against male reproductive disorders, we developed an HFD-induced obese rat model. Rats received HFD supplementation for 21 weeks, which induced obesity. From week 16, HCC (100 mg/kg body weight) was administered to investigate its potential to treat testicular toxicity. According to the results of the current study, treatment of obese rats with HCC improved their sperm quality, increased the production of testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone and significantly increased the activities of steroidogenic enzymes and corresponding mRNA levels. In addition, HCC decreased lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide levels in both spermatozoa and testes while increasing the expression of mRNA for the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase in the testes, which in turn reduced oxidative stress in the testes. Moreover, after HCC treatment, testicular tissues showed a remarkable decrease in mRNA levels responsible for inflammation (TNF-α, IL-6, NF-κB) and apoptosis (Bax and Bcl-2). Our results suggest that HCC may alleviate obesity-induced male reproductive dysfunction by attenuating oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in the testes of HFD-induced obese male rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- V V Sathibabu Uddandrao
- Department of Biochemistry, K.S. Rangasamy College of Arts and Science (Autonomous), Tiruchengode, Namakkal District, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Seshathri Eraniappan
- Department of Pharmacology, Bhaarath Medical College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | | | - Anitha Roy
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Brahma Naidu Parim
- Animal Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, ICMR-National Animal Resource Facility for Biomedical Research (ICMR-NARFBR), Hyderabad, India
| | - Chandrasekaran Ponnusamy
- Department of Biochemistry, K.S. Rangasamy College of Arts and Science (Autonomous), Tiruchengode, Namakkal District, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Saravanan Ganapathy
- Department of Biochemistry, K.S. Rangasamy College of Arts and Science (Autonomous), Tiruchengode, Namakkal District, Tamilnadu, India
| | | | - Vadivukkarasi Sasikumar
- Department of Biochemistry, K.S. Rangasamy College of Arts and Science (Autonomous), Tiruchengode, Namakkal District, Tamilnadu, India
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Occhipinti PS, Russo N, Foti P, Zingale IM, Pino A, Romeo FV, Randazzo CL, Caggia C. Current challenges of microalgae applications: exploiting the potential of non-conventional microalgae species. J Sci Food Agric 2024; 104:3823-3833. [PMID: 37971887 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
The intensified attention to health, the growth of an elderly population, the changing lifestyles, and the medical discoveries have increased demand for natural and nutrient-rich foods, shaping the popularity of microalgae products. Microalgae thanks to their metabolic versatility represent a promising solution for a 'green' economy, exploiting non-arable land, non-potable water, capturing carbon dioxide (CO2) and solar energy. The interest in microalgae is justified by their high content of bioactive molecules, such as amino acids, peptides, proteins, carbohydrates, polysaccharides, polyunsaturated fatty acids (as ω-3 fatty acids), pigments (as β-carotene, astaxanthin, fucoxanthin, phycocyanin, zeaxanthin and lutein), or mineral elements. Such molecules are of interest for human and animal nutrition, cosmetic and biofuel production, for which microalgae are potential renewable sources. Microalgae, also, represent effective biological systems for treating a variety of wastewaters and can be used as a CO2 mitigation approach, helping to combat greenhouse gases and global warming emergencies. Recently a growing interest has focused on extremophilic microalgae species, which are easier to cultivate axenically and represent good candidates for open pond cultivation. In some cases, the cultivation and/or harvesting systems are still immature, but novel techniques appear as promising solutions to overcome such barriers. This review provides an overview on the actual microalgae cultivation systems and the current state of their biotechnological applications to obtain high value compounds or ingredients. Moreover, potential and future research opportunities for environment, human and animal benefits are pointed out. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nunziatina Russo
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- ProBioEtna srl, Spin off University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Paola Foti
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Irene Maria Zingale
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pino
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- ProBioEtna srl, Spin off University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Flora Valeria Romeo
- Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l'Analisi dell'Economia Agraria (CREA), Centro di Ricerca Olivicoltura, Frutticoltura e Agrumicoltura, Acireale, Italy
| | - Cinzia L Randazzo
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- ProBioEtna srl, Spin off University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- CERNUT, Interdepartmental Research Center in Nutraceuticals and Health Products, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Cinzia Caggia
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- ProBioEtna srl, Spin off University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- CERNUT, Interdepartmental Research Center in Nutraceuticals and Health Products, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Abioye RO, Camaño Echavarría JA, Obeme-Nmom JI, Yiridoe MS, Ogunrinola OA, Ezema MD, Udenigwe CC. Self-Assembled Food Peptides: Recent Advances and Perspectives in Food and Health Applications. J Agric Food Chem 2024; 72:8372-8379. [PMID: 38579274 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c01385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Self-assembling peptides are rapidly gaining attention as novel biomaterials for food and biomedical applications. Peptides self-assemble when triggered by physical or chemical factors due to their versatile physicochemical characteristics. Peptide self-assembly, when combined with the health-promoting bioactivity of peptides, can also result in a plethora of biofunctionalities of the biomaterials. This perspective highlights current developments in the use of food-derived self-assembling peptides as biomaterials, bioactive nutraceuticals, and potential dual functioning bioactive biomaterials. Also discussed are the challenges and opportunities in the use of self-assembling bioactive peptides in designing biocompatible, biostable, and bioavailable multipurpose biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raliat O Abioye
- School of Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5, Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Jairo Andrés Camaño Echavarría
- School of Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5, Canada
- CNRS, LRGP, Université de Lorraine, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Joy I Obeme-Nmom
- School of Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5, Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Martha S Yiridoe
- School of Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5, Canada
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Biological Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Oluwaseyi A Ogunrinola
- School of Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Matthew D Ezema
- School of Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, PMB 373 Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Chibuike C Udenigwe
- School of Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5, Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
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Kumar R, Næss G, Sørensen M. Xylooligosaccharides from lignocellulosic biomass and their applications as nutraceuticals: a review on their production, purification, and characterization. J Sci Food Agric 2024. [PMID: 38625727 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Xylooligosaccharides (XOS) are considered a potent source of prebiotics for humans. The global prebiotic market is expanding in size, was valued at USD 6.05 billion in 2021, and is expected to grow at a 14.9% compound annual growth rate (CAGR) between 2022 and 2030, indicating a huge demand. These XOS are non-digestible pentose sugar oligomers comprising mainly xylose. Xylose is naturally present in the lignocellulosic biomass (LCB), fruits, and vegetables. Apart from the prebiotic effect, these XOS have been reported to reduce blood cholesterol, antioxidant effect, increase calcium absorption, reduction of colon cancer risk, and benefit diabetic patients. Primary use of XOS is reported in the feed industry followed by health, medical use, food, and drinks. LCB mainly contains glucan, xylan, and lignin. After glucan, xylan is the second-highest available sugar on the globe composed of xylose. Therefore, the xylan fraction of LCB has great significance in producing food, feed, and energy. Glucan has been exploited for the commercial production of ethanol, xylitol, furfural, hydroxymethyl furfural, and glucose. Whereas as of now xylan has limited applications. Therefore, xylan can be exploited to convert to XOS. Production of XOS from LCB fraction not only helps to produce these at a very low price but also helps in the reduction of greenhouse gases. Its use in food and drinks is increasing as it can be derived from the abundantly and cheaply available LCB. The article provides review on production, purification, and characterization of XOS in view of their use as nutraceuticals. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravindra Kumar
- Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, Steinkjer, 7713, Norway
| | - Geir Næss
- Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, Steinkjer, 7713, Norway
| | - Mette Sørensen
- Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, Steinkjer, 7713, Norway
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Alu'datt MH, Rababah T, Al-Ali S, Tranchant CC, Gammoh S, Alrosan M, Kubow S, Tan TC, Ghatasheh S. Current perspectives on fenugreek bioactive compounds and their potential impact on human health: A review of recent insights into functional foods and other high value applications. J Food Sci 2024; 89:1835-1864. [PMID: 38407443 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Despite long-standing uses in several food and medicine traditions, the full potential of the leguminous crop fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) remains to be realized in the modern diet. Not only its seeds, which are highly prized for their culinary and medicinal properties, but also its leaves and stems abound in phytochemicals with high nutritional and health promoting attributes. Fenugreek dual food-medicine applications and reported metabolic activities include hypoglycemic, antihyperlipidemic, antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, antiatherogenic, antihypertensive, anticarcinogenic, immunomodulatory, and antinociceptive effects, with potential organ-protective effects at the cardiovascular, digestive, hepatic, endocrine, and central nervous system levels. Effectiveness in alleviating certain inflammatory skin conditions and dysfunctions of the reproductive system was also suggested. As a food ingredient, fenugreek can enhance the sensory, nutritional, and nutraceutical qualities of a wide variety of foods. Its high nutritive density can assist with the design of dietary items that meet the demand for novelty, variety, and healthier foods. Its seeds provide essential protective nutrients and other bioactive compounds, notably galactomannans, flavonoids, coumarins, saponins, alkaloids, and essential oils, whose health benefits, alone or in conjunction with other bioactives, are only beginning to be tapped into in the food industries. This review summarizes the current state of evidence on fenugreek potential for functional food development, focusing on the nutrients and non-nutrient bioactive components of interest from a dietary perspective, and their applications for enhancing the functional and nutraceutical value of foods and beverages. New developments, safety, clinical evidence, presumed mechanisms of action, and future perspectives are discussed. HIGHLIGHTS: Fenugreek seeds and leaves have long-standing uses in the food-medicine continuum. Fenugreek phytochemicals exert broad-spectrum biological and pharmacological activities. They show high preventive and nutraceutical potential against common chronic diseases. Current evidence supports multiple mechanisms of action mediated by distinct bioactives. Opportunities for fenugreek-based functional foods and nutraceuticals are expanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad H Alu'datt
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Life Sciences, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Taha Rababah
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Saleh Al-Ali
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Life Sciences, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Carole C Tranchant
- School of Food Science, Nutrition and Family Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences and Community Services, Université de Moncton, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Sana Gammoh
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Mohammad Alrosan
- Food Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, George Town, Penang, Malaysia
- Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Stan Kubow
- School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Thuan-Chew Tan
- Food Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, George Town, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Salsabeel Ghatasheh
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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Salama RM, Eissa N, Doghish AS, Abulsoud AI, Abdelmaksoud NM, Mohammed OA, Abdel Mageed SS, Darwish SF. Decoding the secrets of longevity: unraveling nutraceutical and miRNA-Mediated aging pathways and therapeutic strategies. Front Aging 2024; 5:1373741. [PMID: 38605867 PMCID: PMC11007187 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2024.1373741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short RNA molecules that are not involved in coding for proteins. They have a significant function in regulating gene expression after the process of transcription. Their participation in several biological processes has rendered them appealing subjects for investigating age-related disorders. Increasing data indicates that miRNAs can be influenced by dietary variables, such as macronutrients, micronutrients, trace minerals, and nutraceuticals. This review examines the influence of dietary factors and nutraceuticals on the regulation of miRNA in relation to the process of aging. We examine the present comprehension of miRNA disruption in age-related illnesses and emphasize the possibility of dietary manipulation as a means of prevention or treatment. Consolidating animal and human research is essential to validate the significance of dietary miRNA control in living organisms, despite the abundance of information already provided by several studies. This review elucidates the complex interaction among miRNAs, nutrition, and aging, offering valuable insights into promising areas for further research and potential therapies for age-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania M. Salama
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nermin Eissa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ahmed S. Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Cairo, Egypt
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Egypt
| | - Ahmed I. Abulsoud
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Egypt
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Osama A. Mohammed
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sherif S. Abdel Mageed
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samar F. Darwish
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Cairo, Egypt
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Outskouni Z, Christodoulou C, Goutas A, Kyriazis ID, Paraskevopoulou A, Laliotis GP, Matsakidou A, Gogas A, Trachana V. Cryptomphalus aspersa Egg Extract Protects against Human Stem Cell Stress-Induced Premature Senescence. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3715. [PMID: 38612526 PMCID: PMC11011511 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a tightly regulated pathophysiologic process and is caused by replicative exhaustion or external stressors. Since naturally derived bioactive compounds with anti-ageing properties have recently captured scientific interest, we analysed the anti-ageing and antioxidant efficacy of Cryptomphalus aspersa egg extract (CAEE). Its effects on stemness, wound-healing properties, antioxidant defense mechanisms, and DNA damage repair ability of Human Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) were analysed. Our results revealed that CAEE fortifies WJ-MSCs stemness, which possibly ameliorates their wound-healing ability. Additionally, we show that CAEE possesses a strong antioxidant capacity as demonstrated by the elevation of the levels of the basic antioxidant molecule, GSH, and the induction of the NRF2, a major antioxidant regulator. In addition, CAEE alleviated cells' oxidative stress and therefore prevented stress-induced premature senescence (SIPS). Furthermore, we demonstrated that the prevention of SIPS could be mediated via the extract's ability to induce autophagy, as indicated by the elevation of the protein levels of all basic autophagic molecules and the increase in formation of autophagolysosomes in CAEE-treated WJ-MSCs. Moreover, CAEE-treated cells exhibited decreased Caveolin-1 levels. We propose that Cryptomphalus aspersa egg extract comprises bioactive compounds that can demonstrate strong antioxidant/anti-ageing effects by regulating the Caveolin-1-autophagy-senescence molecular axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zozo Outskouni
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larisa, Greece; (Z.O.); (C.C.); (A.G.); (I.D.K.)
| | - Christina Christodoulou
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larisa, Greece; (Z.O.); (C.C.); (A.G.); (I.D.K.)
| | - Andreas Goutas
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larisa, Greece; (Z.O.); (C.C.); (A.G.); (I.D.K.)
- Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis D. Kyriazis
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larisa, Greece; (Z.O.); (C.C.); (A.G.); (I.D.K.)
| | - Adamantini Paraskevopoulou
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry & Technology, School of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.P.); (A.M.)
| | - George P. Laliotis
- Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Department of Animal Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos, 11855 Athens, Greece;
| | - Anthia Matsakidou
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry & Technology, School of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.P.); (A.M.)
| | | | - Varvara Trachana
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larisa, Greece; (Z.O.); (C.C.); (A.G.); (I.D.K.)
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Kasprzak-Drozd K, Niziński P, Kasprzak P, Kondracka A, Oniszczuk T, Rusinek A, Oniszczuk A. Does Resveratrol Improve Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD)? Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3746. [PMID: 38612556 PMCID: PMC11012111 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is influenced by a variety of factors, including environmental and genetic factors. The most significant outcome is the alteration of free fatty acid and triglyceride metabolism. Lipotoxicity, impaired autophagy, chronic inflammation, and oxidative stress, as well as coexisting insulin resistance, obesity, and changes in the composition of gut microbiota, are also considered crucial factors in the pathogenesis of MASLD. Resveratrol is a polyphenolic compound that belongs to the stilbene subgroup. This review summarises the available information on the therapeutic effects of resveratrol against MASLD. Resveratrol has demonstrated promising antisteatotic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities in liver cells in in vitro and animal studies. Resveratrol has been associated with inhibiting the NF-κB pathway, activating the SIRT-1 and AMPK pathways, normalizing the intestinal microbiome, and alleviating intestinal inflammation. However, clinical studies have yielded inconclusive results regarding the efficacy of resveratrol in alleviating hepatic steatosis or reducing any of the parameters found in MASLD in human patients. The lack of homogeneity between studies, low bioavailability of resveratrol, and population variability when compared to animal models could be the reasons for this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Kasprzak-Drozd
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (K.K.-D.); (A.R.)
| | - Przemysław Niziński
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwiłłowska 11, 20-080 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Paulina Kasprzak
- Department of Conservative Dentistry with Endodontics, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 6, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Adrianna Kondracka
- Department of Obstetrics and Pathology of Pregnancy, Medical University of Lublin, Staszica 16, 20-081 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Oniszczuk
- Department of Thermal Technology and Food Process Engineering, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Głęboka 31, 20-612 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Agata Rusinek
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (K.K.-D.); (A.R.)
| | - Anna Oniszczuk
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (K.K.-D.); (A.R.)
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Peng X, McClements DJ, Liu X, Liu F. EGCG-based nanoparticles: synthesis, properties, and applications. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024:1-22. [PMID: 38520117 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2024.2328184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
(-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is a natural phenolic substance found in foods and beverages (especially tea) that exhibits a broad spectrum of biological activities, including antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-obesity, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer properties. Its potential in cardiovascular and brain health has garnered significant attention. However, its clinical application remains limited due to its poor physicochemical stability and low oral bioavailability. Nanotechnology can be used to improve the stability, efficacy, and pharmacokinetic profile of EGCG by encapsulating it within nanoparticles. This article reviews the interactions of EGCG with various compounds, the synthesis of EGCG-based nanoparticles, the functional attributes of these nanoparticles, and their prospective applications in drug delivery, diagnosis, and therapy. The potential application of nanoencapsulated EGCG in functional foods and beverages is also emphasized. Top-down and bottom-up approaches can be used to construct EGCG-based nanoparticles. EGCG-based nanoparticles exhibit enhanced stability and bioavailability compared to free EGCG, making them promising candidates for biomedical and food applications. Notably, the non-covalent and covalent interactions of EGCG with other substances significantly contribute to the improved properties of these nanoparticles. EGCG-based nanoparticles appear to have a wide range of applications in different industries, but further research is required to enhance their efficacy and ensure their safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoke Peng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | | | - Xuebo Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fuguo Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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Al Hashmi K, Giglio RV, Pantea Stoian A, Patti AM, Al Waili K, Al Rasadi K, Ciaccio M, Rizzo M. Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease: current therapeutic strategies. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1355732. [PMID: 38567250 PMCID: PMC10985255 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1355732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The definition of "Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease - MAFLD" has replaced the previous definition of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD), because cardiometabolic criteria have been added for the prevention of cardiological risk in these patients. This definition leads to an in-depth study of the bidirectional relationships between hepatic steatosis, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) and/or their complications. Lifestyle modification, which includes correct nutrition combined with regular physical activity, represents the therapeutic cornerstone of MAFLD. When therapy is required, there is not clear accord on how to proceed in an optimal way with nutraceutical or pharmacological therapy. Numerous studies have attempted to identify nutraceuticals with a significant benefit on metabolic alterations and which contribute to the improvement of hepatic steatosis. Several evidences are supporting the use of silymarin, berberine, curcumin, Nigella sativa, Ascophyllum nodosum, and Fucus vesiculosus, vitamin E, coenzyme Q10 and Omega-3. However, more evidence regarding the long-term efficacy and safety of these compounds are required. There is numerous evidence that highlights the use of therapies such as incretins or the use of Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors or other similar therapies which, by assisting existing therapies for pathologies such as diabetes, hypertension, insulin resistance, have given a breakthrough in prevention and the reduction of cardiometabolic risk. This review gave an overview of the current therapeutic strategies that are expected to aid in the treatment and prevention of MAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khamis Al Hashmi
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Rosaria Vincenza Giglio
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital, Palermo, Italy
| | - Anca Pantea Stoian
- Department of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Angelo Maria Patti
- Internal Medicine Unit, “Vittorio Emanuele II” Hospital, Castelvetrano, Italy
| | - Khalid Al Waili
- Department of Biochemistry, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman
| | - Khalid Al Rasadi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
- Medical Research Center, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Marcello Ciaccio
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital, Palermo, Italy
| | - Manfredi Rizzo
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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11
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Qiao J, Cai W, Wang K, Haubruge E, Dong J, El-Seedi HR, Xu X, Zhang H. New Insights into Identification, Distribution, and Health Benefits of Polyamines and Their Derivatives. J Agric Food Chem 2024; 72:5089-5106. [PMID: 38416110 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c08556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Polyamines and their derivatives are ubiquitously present in free or conjugated forms in various foods from animal, plant, and microbial origins. The current knowledge of free polyamines in foods and their contents is readily available; furthermore, conjugated polyamines generate considerable recent research interest due to their potential health benefits. The structural diversity of conjugated polyamines results in challenging their qualitative and quantitative analysis in food. Herein, we review and summarize the knowledge published on polyamines and their derivatives in foods, including their identification, sources, quantities, and health benefits. Particularly, facing the inherent challenges of isomer identification in conjugated polyamines, this paper provides a comprehensive overview of conjugated polyamines' structural characteristics, including the cleavage patterns and characteristic ion fragments of MS/MS for isomer identification. Free polyamines are present in all types of food, while conjugated polyamines are limited to plant-derived foods. Spermidine is renowned for antiaging properties, acclaimed as antiaging vitamins. Conjugated polyamines highlight their anti-inflammatory properties and have emerged as the mainstream drugs for antiprostatitis. This paper will likely help us gain better insight into polyamines and their derivatives to further develop functional foods and personalized nutraceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangtao Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- Terra Research Center, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Gembloux 5030, Belgium
| | - Wenwen Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- College of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 155023, China
| | - Kai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- Terra Research Center, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Gembloux 5030, Belgium
| | - Eric Haubruge
- Terra Research Center, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Gembloux 5030, Belgium
| | - Jie Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- Key Laboratory of Bee Products for Quality and Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Hesham R El-Seedi
- Pharmacognosy Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, BMC, Uppsala University, Box 591, SE 75124 Uppsala, Sweden
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Islamic University of Madinah, Madinah 42351, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Hongcheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bee Products for Quality and Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100093, China
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12
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Shaw S, Chourasia M, Nayak R, Kumeria T, Ghosh MP, Santoshi S, Bose S. Molecular interaction of quercetin and its derivatives against nucleolin in breast cancer: in-silico and in-vitro study. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024:1-12. [PMID: 38468538 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2024.2326668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Nucleolin, a multifaceted RNA binding domain protein is overexpressed in various cancers leading to dysfunction of several cellular signaling pathways. Quercetin, a distinctive bioactive molecule, along with its derivatives have shown exclusive physio-chemical properties which makes them appealing choices for drug development, yet their role in targeted cancer therapy is limited. Here, the RBD domain structure of Nucleolin was modeled and stabilized by MD simulations for a period of 1000 ns. Molecular docking was performed to determine the binding capability of ligands with the target. To determine the stability of the ligand inside the binding pocket of the protein, MD simulation was performed for a period of 250 ns each for Quercetin-4'-o'-Glucoside, Quercetin_9 and Quercetin complexes. Further, in-vitro studies including cytotoxicity and RT-PCR assays were performed to validate quercetin against Nucleolin. Molecular docking and MD Simulation studies suggested a potential mechanism of interaction of Quercetin-4'-o'-Glucoside, Querectin_9 and Quercetin with Nucleolin with the binding free energy of -63.653, -58.86 and -46.9 kcal/mol, respectively. Moreover, Lys 348 and Glu379 were identified as important amino acids in ligand interaction located at the RRM2 motif of Nucleolin. In-vitro studies showed significant downregulation in Nucleolin expression by 15.18 and 2.51-fold at 48h and 72h respectively in MCF-7 cells with Quercetin (IC50 = 160 µM). Our findings suggested the potential role of specific RRM motifs in interaction with natural compounds targeting Nucleolin. This could be an effective strategy in the identification of potential molecules in targeting Nucleolin which can be further explored for developing targeted therapies for breast cancer.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siuli Shaw
- Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mukesh Chourasia
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ranu Nayak
- Amity Institute of Nanotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh
| | - Tushar Kumeria
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Madhumita P Ghosh
- Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Seneha Santoshi
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sudeep Bose
- Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh
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13
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Kaliounji A, Shadid G, Saba H, Ahlawat S. A Rare Case of Tongkat Ali-Induced Liver Injury: A Case Report. Cureus 2024; 16:e56639. [PMID: 38646387 PMCID: PMC11032125 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.56639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) presents a significant challenge in clinical practice, particularly with the rising popularity of herbal and dietary supplements (HDS) in the United States. Tongkat Ali (Eurycoma longifolia Jack), a Southeast Asian herb, has garnered attention for its purported health benefits, including enhancing testosterone levels. Here, we present a case of a 47-year-old male with acute liver injury following Tongkat Ali use, the first reported case of its kind in the literature. The patient exhibited worsening scleral icterus, elevated liver enzymes, and jaundice shortly after initiating Tongkat Ali supplementation, prompting hospitalization and subsequent clinical improvement upon discontinuation of the supplement. Differential diagnosis and exclusion of other etiologies were essential in establishing the causal link between Tongkat Ali consumption and liver damage, underscoring the difficulty in diagnosing HDS-induced liver injury. The rise in DILI cases parallels the expanding use of nutraceuticals, necessitating vigilance among healthcare professionals. While mechanisms of herbal-induced liver injury remain unclear, genetic predisposition and metabolic factors may be implicated. This case emphasizes the importance of heightened awareness among healthcare providers regarding the potential hepatotoxic effects of herbal supplements, particularly in individuals consuming multiple agents. Further research into the safety profile and mechanisms of Tongkat Ali-induced liver injury is warranted to inform clinical management and promote safer supplement use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aboud Kaliounji
- Internal Medicine, SUNY (State University of New York) Downstate Health Sciences University, New York, USA
| | - Grace Shadid
- Internal Medicine, SUNY (State University of New York) Downstate Health Sciences University, New York, USA
| | - Helena Saba
- Internal Medicine, SUNY (State University of New York) Downstate Health Sciences University, New York, USA
| | - Sushil Ahlawat
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, SUNY (State University of New York) Downstate Health Sciences University, New York, USA
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14
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McClements DJ. Designing healthier and more sustainable ultraprocessed foods. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024; 23:e13331. [PMID: 38517032 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
The food industry has been extremely successful in creating a broad range of delicious, affordable, convenient, and safe food and beverage products. However, many of these products are considered to be ultraprocessed foods (UPFs) that contain ingredients and are processed in a manner that may cause adverse health effects. This review article introduces the concept of UPFs and briefly discusses food products that fall into this category, including beverages, baked goods, snacks, confectionary, prepared meals, dressings, sauces, spreads, and processed meat and meat analogs. It then discusses correlations between consumption levels of UPFs and diet-related chronic diseases, such as obesity and diabetes. The different reasons for the proposed ability of UPFs to increase the risk of these chronic diseases are then critically assessed, including displacement of whole foods, high energy densities, missing phytochemicals, contamination with packaging chemicals, hyperpalatability, harmful additives, rapid ingestion and digestion, and toxic reaction products. Then, potential strategies to overcome the current problems with UPFs are presented, including reducing energy density, balancing nutritional profile, fortification, increasing satiety response, modulating mastication and digestion, reengineering food structure, and precision processing. The central argument is that it may be possible to reformulate and reengineer many UPFs to improve their healthiness and sustainability, although this still needs to be proved using rigorous scientific studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Julian McClements
- Department of Food Science & Bioengineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
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15
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Shields A, Ly S, Wafae B, Chang YF, Manjaly P, Archila M, Heinrich C, Drake L, Mostaghimi A, Barbieri JS. The role of oral nutraceuticals as adjunctive therapy to reduce side effects from isotretinoin: A systematic review. J Am Acad Dermatol 2024; 90:612-615. [PMID: 37871802 PMCID: PMC10922156 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2023.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Shields
- Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sophia Ly
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Bruna Wafae
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yu-Feng Chang
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Priya Manjaly
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Marjorie Archila
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Lara Drake
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Arash Mostaghimi
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - John S Barbieri
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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16
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Altemimi AB, Farag HAM, Salih TH, Awlqadr FH, Al-Manhel AJA, Vieira IRS, Conte-Junior CA. Application of Nanoparticles in Human Nutrition: A Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:636. [PMID: 38474764 DOI: 10.3390/nu16050636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology in human nutrition represents an innovative advance in increasing the bioavailability and efficiency of bioactive compounds. This work delves into the multifaceted dietary contributions of nanoparticles (NPs) and their utilization for improving nutrient absorption and ensuring food safety. NPs exhibit exceptional solubility, a significant surface-to-volume ratio, and diameters ranging from 1 to 100 nm, rendering them invaluable for applications such as tissue engineering and drug delivery, as well as elevating food quality. The encapsulation of vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants within NPs introduces an innovative approach to counteract nutritional instabilities and low solubility, promoting human health. Nanoencapsulation methods have included the production of nanocomposites, nanofibers, and nanoemulsions to benefit the delivery of bioactive food compounds. Nutrition-based nanotechnology and nanoceuticals are examined for their economic viability and potential to increase nutrient absorption. Although the advancement of nanotechnology in food demonstrates promising results, some limitations and concerns related to safety and regulation need to be widely discussed in future research. Thus, the potential of nanotechnology could open new paths for applications and significant advances in food, benefiting human nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammar B Altemimi
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture, University of Basrah, Basrah 61004, Iraq
- College of Medicine, University of Warith Al-Anbiyaa, Karbala 56001, Iraq
| | - Halgord Ali M Farag
- Halabja Research Center, Halabja Technical College Applied Science, Sulaimani Polytechnic University, Sulaimani 46002, Iraq
- Harem Research Center, Department of Nutrition and Diet Therapy, Harem Hospital, Sulaimani 46001, Iraq
| | - Tablo H Salih
- Halabja Research Center, Halabja Technical College Applied Science, Sulaimani Polytechnic University, Sulaimani 46002, Iraq
- Harem Research Center, Department of Nutrition and Diet Therapy, Harem Hospital, Sulaimani 46001, Iraq
| | - Farhang H Awlqadr
- Halabja Research Center, Halabja Technical College Applied Science, Sulaimani Polytechnic University, Sulaimani 46002, Iraq
| | | | - Italo Rennan Sousa Vieira
- Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, RJ, Brazil
| | - Carlos Adam Conte-Junior
- Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, RJ, Brazil
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17
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Baglioni V, Bozza F, Beatrice A, Cameli N, Colacino Cinnante EM, Lentini G, Faedda N, Natalucci G, Guidetti V. Non-Pharmacological Treatments in Paediatric Migraine. J Clin Med 2024; 13:1278. [PMID: 38592096 PMCID: PMC10932388 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13051278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Psychological, social, and biological aspects contribute synergistically to the maintenance and chronicity of pain in primary headaches. An integrated intervention seems to be the most appropriate in the management of these conditions, taking advantage not only of pharmacological strategies, but also of different approaches according to the global assessment and patient necessities. In this perspective, non-pharmacological treatments are becoming increasingly used to overcome these issues also in paediatric migraine treatment. Particularly, nutraceuticals, non-invasive neuromodulation, and behavioural approaches are well tolerated and of potential interest. This paper aims to present the main approaches reported in the literature in the management of migraine in children and adolescents presenting an up-to-date review of the current literature. We therefore performed a narrative presentation for each of these three categories: nutraceuticals (riboflavin; magnesium; melatonin; vitamin D; coenzyme Q10; and polyunsaturated fatty acid); non-invasive neuromodulation (trigeminal nerve stimulator; non-invasive vagal nerve stimulation; transcranial magnetic stimulation; and remote electrical neuromodulation), and behavioural therapies (biofeedback; cognitive behavioural therapy; and mindfulness-based therapy). These approaches are increasingly seen as a valid treatment option in primary headache management also in paediatrics, avoiding medication overuse and drug treatment contraindications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Baglioni
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University, Via dei Sabelli 108, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.B.); (A.B.); (N.C.); (E.M.C.C.); (G.L.); (N.F.); (G.N.); (V.G.)
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18
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Schiano E, Iannuzzo F, Stornaiuolo M, Guerra F, Tenore GC, Novellino E. Gengricin ®: A Nutraceutical Formulation for Appetite Control and Therapeutic Weight Management in Adults Who Are Overweight/Obese. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2596. [PMID: 38473841 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
In the field of nutritional science and metabolic disorders, there is a growing interest in natural bitter compounds capable of interacting with bitter taste receptors (TAS2Rs) useful for obesity management and satiety control. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a nutraceutical formulation containing a combination of molecules appropriately designed to simultaneously target and stimulate these receptors. Specifically, the effect on CCK release exerted by a multi-component nutraceutical formulation (Cinchona bark, Chicory, and Gentian roots in a 1:1:1 ratio, named Gengricin®) was investigated in a CaCo-2 cell line, in comparison with Cinchona alone. In addition, these nutraceutical formulations were tested through a 3-month randomized controlled trial (RCT) conducted in subjects who were overweight-obese following a hypocaloric diet. Interestingly, the Gengricin® group exhibited a significant greater weight loss and improvement in body composition than the Placebo and Cinchona groups, indicating its effectiveness in promoting weight regulation. Additionally, the Gengricin® group reported higher satiety levels and a significant increase in serum CCK levels, suggesting a physiological basis for the observed effects on appetite control. Overall, these findings highlight the potential of natural nutraceutical strategies based on the combination of bitter compounds in modulating gut hormone release for effective appetite control and weight management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Schiano
- Inventia Biotech-Healthcare Food Research Center s.r.l., Strada Statale Sannitica KM 20.700, 81020 Caserta, Italy
| | - Fortuna Iannuzzo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Chieti-Pescara G. D'Annunzio, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Mariano Stornaiuolo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 59, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Fabrizia Guerra
- NGN Healthcare-New Generation Nutraceuticals s.r.l., Torrette Via Nazionale 207, 83013 Mercogliano, Italy
| | - Gian Carlo Tenore
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 59, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Ettore Novellino
- Inventia Biotech-Healthcare Food Research Center s.r.l., Strada Statale Sannitica KM 20.700, 81020 Caserta, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy
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Aquino JDS, da Silva Maia JK, Guzmán-Quevedo O. Editorial: From preconception to senescence: how do food and dietary interventions modulate health, immunity, and stress? Front Nutr 2024; 11:1378632. [PMID: 38450234 PMCID: PMC10916683 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1378632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jailane de Souza Aquino
- Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Centre, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - Juliana Kelly da Silva Maia
- Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Centre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Omar Guzmán-Quevedo
- Tecnológico Nacional de México (TECNM)/Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Tacámbaro, Tacambaro, Michoacán, Mexico
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Michoacán, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
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20
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Johnston GAR, Beart PM. Milestone review: GABA, from chemistry, conformations, ionotropic receptors, modulators, epilepsy, flavonoids, and stress to neuro- nutraceuticals. J Neurochem 2024. [PMID: 38383146 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.16087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Arising out of a PhD project more than 50 years ago to synthesise analogues of the neurotransmitter GABA, a series of new chemical entities were found to have selective actions on ionotropic GABA receptors. Several of these neurochemicals are now commercially available. A new subtype of these receptors was discovered that could be a target for the treatment of myopia, the facilitation of learning and memory, and the improvement of post-stroke motor recovery. The development of these new chemical entities over many years demonstrates the importance of neurochemicals with which to investigate selective aspects of GABA receptors and illustrates the significance of collaboration between chemists and biologists in neurochemistry. Vital were the improvements in synthetic organic chemistry and the use of functional human receptors expressed in oocytes. Current interest in ionotropic GABA receptors includes the clinical development of subtype-specific agents and the role of gain-of-function receptor variants in epilepsy. Dietary flavonoids were found to cross the blood-brain barrier to influence brain function. Natural and synthetic flavonoids had a range of effects on GABA receptors, ranging from positive, silent, and negative allosteric modulators, to even second-order modulation of first-order modulators. Flavonoids have been called "a new family of benzodiazepines." Like benzodiazepines, flavonoids reduce stress. Stress produces changes in GABA receptors in the brain that may be because of changes in endogenous modulators, such as neurosteroids and corticosteroids. GABA also occurs naturally in the diet leading to studies of the effects of oral GABA on brain function. This finding has resulted in studies of GABA and related neurochemicals as neuro-nutraceuticals. GABA systems in the gut microbiome are essential to such studies. The actions of oral GABA and of GABA-enriched beverages and foodstuffs are now an area of considerable scientific and commercial interest. GABA is a deceptively simple chemical that can take up many shapes, which may underlie its complex functions. The need for new chemical entities with selective actions for further studies highlights the need for continuing collaboration between chemists and biologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graham A R Johnston
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Pharmacology, Sydney Pharmacy School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Philip M Beart
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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21
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Mendoza-Martínez GD, Orzuna-Orzuna JF, Roque-Jiménez JA, Gloria-Trujillo A, Martínez-García JA, Sánchez-López N, Hernández-García PA, Lee-Rangel HA. A Polyherbal Mixture with Nutraceutical Properties for Ruminants: A Meta-Analysis and Review of BioCholine Powder. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:667. [PMID: 38473052 DOI: 10.3390/ani14050667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BioCholine Powder is a polyherbal feed additive composed of Achyrantes aspera, Trachyspermum ammi, Azadirachta indica, and Citrullus colocynthis. The objective of this study was to analyze published results that support the hypothesis that the polyherbal product BioCholine Powder has rumen bypass choline metabolites through a meta-analysis and effect size analysis (ES). Using Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, PubMed, and university dissertation databases, a systematic search was conducted for experiments published in scientific documents that evaluated the effects of BioCholine supplementation on the variables of interest. The analyzed data were extracted from twenty-one publications (fifteen scientific articles, three abstracts, and three graduate dissertations available in institutional libraries). The studies included lamb growing-finishing, lactating ewes and goats, calves, and dairy cows. The effects of BioCholine were analyzed using random effects statistical models to compare the weighted mean difference (WMD) between BioCholine-supplemented ruminants and controls (no BioCholine). Heterogeneity was explored, and three subgroup analyses were performed for doses [(4 (or 5 g/d), 8 (10 g/d)], supplementation in gestating and lactating ewes (pre- and postpartum supplementation), and blood metabolites by species and physiological state (lactating goats, calves, lambs, ewes). Supplementation with BioCholine in sheep increased the average daily lamb gain (p < 0.05), final body weight (p < 0.01), and daily milk yield (p < 0.05) without effects on intake or feed conversion. Milk yield was improved in small ruminants with BioCholine prepartum supplementation (p < 0.10). BioCholine supplementation decreased blood urea (p < 0.01) and increased levels of the liver enzymes alanine transaminase (ALT; p < 0.10) and albumin (p < 0.001). BioCholine doses over 8 g/d increased blood glucose, albumin (p < 0.10), cholesterol, total protein, and globulin (p < 0.05). The ES values of BioCholine in retained energy over the control in growing lambs were +7.15% NEm (p < 0.10) and +9.25% NEg (p < 0.10). In conclusion, adding BioCholine Powder to domestic ruminants' diets improves productive performance, blood metabolite indicators of protein metabolism, and liver health, showing its nutraceutical properties where phosphatidylcholine prevails as an alternative that can meet the choline requirements in ruminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Germán David Mendoza-Martínez
- Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, Mexico City 04960, Mexico
| | | | - José Alejandro Roque-Jiménez
- Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, Mexico City 04960, Mexico
- Instituto de Ciencias Agrícolas, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Ejido Nuevo León, Mexicali 21705, Mexico
| | - Adrián Gloria-Trujillo
- Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, Mexico City 04960, Mexico
| | - José Antonio Martínez-García
- Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, Mexico City 04960, Mexico
| | - Nallely Sánchez-López
- Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, Mexico City 04960, Mexico
| | | | - Héctor Aaron Lee-Rangel
- Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria, Centro de Biociencias, Instituto de Investigaciones en Zonas Desérticas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, S.L.P., Soledad de Graciano Sánchez 78000, Mexico
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22
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Sęczyk Ł, Kołodziej B. Bioaccessibility of Rosmarinic Acid and Basil ( Ocimum basilicum L.) Co-Compounds in a Simulated Digestion Model-The Influence of the Endogenous Plant Matrix, Dose of Administration and Physicochemical and Biochemical Digestion Environment. Molecules 2024; 29:901. [PMID: 38398652 PMCID: PMC10892404 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29040901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study is to determine the effect of endogenous plant matrix components, dose and digestion-related factors on the bioaccessibility of rosmarinic acid and basil co-compounds in in vitro digestion conditions. Different forms of administration, i.e., basil raw plant material, dry extract, and isolated rosmarinic acid at various doses, were applied for the digestion experiment. To evaluate the contribution of biochemical and physicochemical digestion factors, samples were subjected to a full digestion process or treated only with a digestion fluid electrolyte composition without using biochemical components (i.e., digestion enzymes and bile salts), and bioaccessibility was monitored at the gastric and intestinal steps of digestion. The results showed that the components of the endogenous raw plant matrix significantly limited the bioaccessibility of rosmarinic acid and basil co-compounds, especially at the gastric stage of digestion. Physicochemical digestion factors were mainly responsible for the bioaccessibility of basil phytochemicals. Higher doses allowed maintenance of bioaccessibility at a relatively similar level, whereas the most negative changes in bioaccessibility were induced by the lowest doses. In conclusion, the determination of the bioaccessibility of bioactive phytochemicals from basil and factors influencing bioaccessibility may help in better prediction of the pro-health potential of this plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Sęczyk
- Department of Industrial and Medicinal Plants, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 15 Akademicka Str., 20-950 Lublin, Poland;
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23
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Quintieri L, Fanelli F, Monaci L, Fusco V. Milk and Its Derivatives as Sources of Components and Microorganisms with Health-Promoting Properties: Probiotics and Bioactive Peptides. Foods 2024; 13:601. [PMID: 38397577 PMCID: PMC10888271 DOI: 10.3390/foods13040601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Milk is a source of many valuable nutrients, including minerals, vitamins and proteins, with an important role in adult health. Milk and dairy products naturally containing or with added probiotics have healthy functional food properties. Indeed, probiotic microorganisms, which beneficially affect the host by improving the intestinal microbial balance, are recognized to affect the immune response and other important biological functions. In addition to macronutrients and micronutrients, biologically active peptides (BPAs) have been identified within the amino acid sequences of native milk proteins; hydrolytic reactions, such as those catalyzed by digestive enzymes, result in their release. BPAs directly influence numerous biological pathways evoking behavioral, gastrointestinal, hormonal, immunological, neurological, and nutritional responses. The addition of BPAs to food products or application in drug development could improve consumer health and provide therapeutic strategies for the treatment or prevention of diseases. Herein, we review the scientific literature on probiotics, BPAs in milk and dairy products, with special attention to milk from minor species (buffalo, sheep, camel, yak, donkey, etc.); safety assessment will be also taken into consideration. Finally, recent advances in foodomics to unveil the probiotic role in human health and discover novel active peptide sequences will also be provided.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesca Fanelli
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Sciences of Food Production (CNR-ISPA), 70126 Bari, Italy; (L.Q.); (L.M.); (V.F.)
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24
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Capra ME, Biasucci G, Banderali G, Vania A, Pederiva C. Diet and Lipid-Lowering Nutraceuticals in Pediatric Patients with Familial Hypercholesterolemia. Children (Basel) 2024; 11:250. [PMID: 38397362 PMCID: PMC10887291 DOI: 10.3390/children11020250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Familial hypercholesterolemia is a genetically determined disease characterized by elevated plasma total and LDL cholesterol levels from the very first years of life, leading to early atherosclerosis. Nutritional intervention is the first-line treatment, complemented with nutraceuticals and drug therapy when necessary. Nutraceuticals with a lipid-lowering effect have been extensively studied in the past few decades, and have been recently included in international guidelines as a complement to nutritional and pharmacological treatment in subjects with dyslipidemia. In this review, we explore current nutritional interventions for dyslipidemia in childhood, with a specific focus on the main nutraceuticals studied for treating severe dyslipidemia in pediatric patients. Additionally, we briefly describe their primary mechanisms of action and highlight the advantages and risks associated with the use of lipid-lowering nutraceuticals in childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elena Capra
- Centre for Pediatric Dyslipidemias, Pediatrics and Neonatology Unit, University of Parma, Guglielmo da Saliceto Hospital, 29121 Piacenza, Italy; (M.E.C.); (G.B.)
- Department of Translational Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Giacomo Biasucci
- Centre for Pediatric Dyslipidemias, Pediatrics and Neonatology Unit, University of Parma, Guglielmo da Saliceto Hospital, 29121 Piacenza, Italy; (M.E.C.); (G.B.)
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Banderali
- Clinical Service for Dyslipidemias, Study and Prevention of Atherosclerosis in Childhood, Pediatrics Unit, ASST-Santi Paolo e Carlo, 20142 Milan, Italy; (G.B.); (C.P.)
| | - Andrea Vania
- Independent Researcher, Member of SINUPE (Italian Society of Pediatric Nutrition) Directory Board, 00162 Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Pederiva
- Clinical Service for Dyslipidemias, Study and Prevention of Atherosclerosis in Childhood, Pediatrics Unit, ASST-Santi Paolo e Carlo, 20142 Milan, Italy; (G.B.); (C.P.)
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Benedetti G, Flori L, Spezzini J, Miragliotta V, Lazzarini G, Pirone A, Meneguzzo C, Tagliavento L, Martelli A, Antonelli M, Donelli D, Faraloni C, Calderone V, Meneguzzo F, Testai L. Improved Cardiovascular Effects of a Novel Pomegranate Byproduct Extract Obtained through Hydrodynamic Cavitation. Nutrients 2024; 16:506. [PMID: 38398831 PMCID: PMC10893178 DOI: 10.3390/nu16040506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The healthy properties of pomegranate fruit, a highly consumed food, have been known for a long time. However, the pomegranate supply chain is still rather inefficient, with the non-edible fraction, whose weight is roughly half the total and is endowed with plenty of valuable bioactive compounds, either disposed of or underutilized. A novel extract obtained from non-edible byproducts (called PPE), using hydrodynamic cavitation, a green, efficient, and scalable technique, was investigated for its cardiovascular effects in vivo. PPE showed efficacy in an acute phenylephrine (PE)-induced hypertensive rat model, similar to the extract of whole fruit (PFE) obtained using the same extractive technique, along with good intestinal bioaccessibility after oral administration. Finally, when chronically administered for 6 weeks to spontaneously hypertensive rats, PPE was shown to significantly contain the increase in systolic blood pressure, comparable to the reference drug Captopril, and at a dose remarkably lower than the reported effective dose of ellagic acid. The extract from the non-edible fraction of the pomegranate fruit also showed good anti-inflammation and anti-fibrotic effects. The findings of this study, along with the extraction technique, could contribute to enhancing the value of the pomegranate supply chain, relieve the related environmental burden, and potentially improve public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giada Benedetti
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (G.B.); (L.F.); (J.S.); (A.M.); (V.C.)
| | - Lorenzo Flori
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (G.B.); (L.F.); (J.S.); (A.M.); (V.C.)
| | - Jacopo Spezzini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (G.B.); (L.F.); (J.S.); (A.M.); (V.C.)
| | - Vincenzo Miragliotta
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (V.M.); (G.L.); (A.P.)
- Interdepartmental Research Centre of Ageing Biology and Pathology, University of Pisa, 56120 Pisa, Italy
- Centro per l’Integrazione della Strumentazione Scientifica dell’Università di Pisa (CISUP), Lungarno Pacinotti 43, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Giulia Lazzarini
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (V.M.); (G.L.); (A.P.)
| | - Andrea Pirone
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (V.M.); (G.L.); (A.P.)
| | - Cosimo Meneguzzo
- HyRes Srl, Via Salvator Rosa 18, 82100 Benevento, Italy; (C.M.); (L.T.)
| | - Luca Tagliavento
- HyRes Srl, Via Salvator Rosa 18, 82100 Benevento, Italy; (C.M.); (L.T.)
| | - Alma Martelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (G.B.); (L.F.); (J.S.); (A.M.); (V.C.)
- Interdepartmental Research Centre of Ageing Biology and Pathology, University of Pisa, 56120 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood “Nutraceuticals and Food for Health”, University of Pisa, 56120 Pisa, Italy
| | - Michele Antonelli
- Department of Public Health, AUSL-IRCCS of Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy;
| | - Davide Donelli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43121 Parma, Italy;
- Division of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Cecilia Faraloni
- Institute of Bioeconomy, National Research Council of Italy, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Florence, Italy; (C.F.); (F.M.)
| | - Vincenzo Calderone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (G.B.); (L.F.); (J.S.); (A.M.); (V.C.)
- Interdepartmental Research Centre of Ageing Biology and Pathology, University of Pisa, 56120 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood “Nutraceuticals and Food for Health”, University of Pisa, 56120 Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Meneguzzo
- Institute of Bioeconomy, National Research Council of Italy, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Florence, Italy; (C.F.); (F.M.)
| | - Lara Testai
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (G.B.); (L.F.); (J.S.); (A.M.); (V.C.)
- Interdepartmental Research Centre of Ageing Biology and Pathology, University of Pisa, 56120 Pisa, Italy
- Centro per l’Integrazione della Strumentazione Scientifica dell’Università di Pisa (CISUP), Lungarno Pacinotti 43, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood “Nutraceuticals and Food for Health”, University of Pisa, 56120 Pisa, Italy
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Dama A, Shpati K, Daliu P, Dumur S, Gorica E, Santini A. Targeting Metabolic Diseases: The Role of Nutraceuticals in Modulating Oxidative Stress and Inflammation. Nutrients 2024; 16:507. [PMID: 38398830 PMCID: PMC10891887 DOI: 10.3390/nu16040507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The escalating prevalence of metabolic and cardiometabolic disorders, often characterized by oxidative stress and chronic inflammation, poses significant health challenges globally. As the traditional therapeutic approaches may sometimes fall short in managing these health conditions, attention is growing toward nutraceuticals worldwide; with compounds being obtained from natural sources with potential therapeutic beneficial effects being shown to potentially support and, in some cases, replace pharmacological treatments, especially for individuals who do not qualify for conventional pharmacological treatments. This review delves into the burgeoning field of nutraceutical-based pharmacological modulation as a promising strategy for attenuating oxidative stress and inflammation in metabolic and cardiometabolic disorders. Drawing from an extensive body of research, the review showcases various nutraceutical agents, such as polyphenols, omega-3 fatty acids, and antioxidants, which exhibit antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. All these can be classified as novel nutraceutical-based drugs that are capable of regulating pathways to mitigate oxidative-stress- and inflammation-associated metabolic diseases. By exploring the mechanisms through which nutraceuticals interact with oxidative stress pathways and immune responses, this review highlights their potential to restore redox balance and temper chronic inflammation. Additionally, the challenges and prospects of nutraceutical-based interventions are discussed, encompassing bioavailability enhancement, personalized treatment approaches, and clinical translation. Through a comprehensive analysis of the latest scientific reports, this article underscores the potential of nutraceutical-based pharmacological treatment modulation as a novel avenue to fight oxidative stress and inflammation in the complex landscape of metabolic disorders, particularly accentuating their impact on cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Dama
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Albanian University, 1017 Tirana, Albania; (A.D.); (K.S.); (P.D.)
| | - Kleva Shpati
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Albanian University, 1017 Tirana, Albania; (A.D.); (K.S.); (P.D.)
| | - Patricia Daliu
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Albanian University, 1017 Tirana, Albania; (A.D.); (K.S.); (P.D.)
| | - Seyma Dumur
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Atlas University, 34408 Istanbul, Türkiye;
| | - Era Gorica
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Albanian University, 1017 Tirana, Albania; (A.D.); (K.S.); (P.D.)
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Wagistrasse 12, Schlieren, 8952 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Antonello Santini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
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Di Paola A, Marrapodi MM, Pota E, Colucci Cante R, Rana D, Giliberti G, Di Feo G, Ahmed S, Roberti D, Nigro R, Rossi F, Argenziano M. Role of Nutraceuticals in Counteracting Inflammation in In Vitro Macrophages Obtained from Childhood Cancer Survivors. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:714. [PMID: 38398105 PMCID: PMC10886672 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16040714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The advancement of anti-cancer therapies has markedly improved the survival rate of children with cancer, making them long-term childhood cancer survivors (CCS). Nevertheless, these treatments cause a low-grade inflammatory state, determining inflamm-aging and, thus, favoring the early onset of chronic diseases normally associated with old age. Identification of novel and safer therapeutic strategies is needed to counteract and prevent inflamm-aging. Macrophages are cells involved in immune and inflammatory responses, with a pivotal role in iron metabolism, which is related to inflammation. We obtained macrophages from CCS patients and evaluated their phenotype markers, inflammatory states, and iron metabolism by Western blotting, ELISA, and iron assays. We observed a strong increase in classically activated phenotype markers (M1) and iron metabolism alteration in CCS, with an increase in intracellular iron concentration and inflammatory markers. These results suggest that the prevalence of M1 macrophages and alteration of iron metabolism could be involved in the worsening of inflammation in CCS. Therefore, we propose macrophages and iron metabolism as novel therapeutic targets to counteract inflamm-aging. To avoid toxic regimens, we tested some nutraceuticals (resveratrol, curcumin, and oil-enriched lycopene), which are already known to exert anti-inflammatory properties. After their administration, we observed a macrophage switch towards the anti-inflammatory phenotype M2, as well as reductions in pro-inflammatory cytokines and the intracellular iron concentration. Therefore, we suggest-for the first time-that nutraceuticals reduce inflammation in CCS macrophages through a novel anti-inflammatory mechanism of action, modulating iron metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Di Paola
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialist Surgery, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.D.P.); (M.M.M.); (E.P.); (G.D.F.); (D.R.); (M.A.)
| | - Maria Maddalena Marrapodi
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialist Surgery, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.D.P.); (M.M.M.); (E.P.); (G.D.F.); (D.R.); (M.A.)
| | - Elvira Pota
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialist Surgery, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.D.P.); (M.M.M.); (E.P.); (G.D.F.); (D.R.); (M.A.)
| | - Rosa Colucci Cante
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Niccolò Cusano, 00166 Rome, Italy;
| | - Deeksha Rana
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (D.R.); (G.G.); (S.A.)
| | - Giulia Giliberti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (D.R.); (G.G.); (S.A.)
| | - Giuseppe Di Feo
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialist Surgery, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.D.P.); (M.M.M.); (E.P.); (G.D.F.); (D.R.); (M.A.)
| | - Shakeel Ahmed
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (D.R.); (G.G.); (S.A.)
| | - Domenico Roberti
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialist Surgery, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.D.P.); (M.M.M.); (E.P.); (G.D.F.); (D.R.); (M.A.)
| | - Roberto Nigro
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Industrial Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, 80125 Naples, Italy;
| | - Francesca Rossi
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialist Surgery, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.D.P.); (M.M.M.); (E.P.); (G.D.F.); (D.R.); (M.A.)
| | - Maura Argenziano
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialist Surgery, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.D.P.); (M.M.M.); (E.P.); (G.D.F.); (D.R.); (M.A.)
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28
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Kim N, Parolin B, Renshaw D, Deb SK, Zariwala MG. Formulated Palmitoylethanolamide Supplementation Improves Parameters of Cognitive Function and BDNF Levels in Young, Healthy Adults: A Randomised Cross-Over Trial. Nutrients 2024; 16:489. [PMID: 38398813 PMCID: PMC10891801 DOI: 10.3390/nu16040489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) is an endocannabinoid-like lipid mediator which is naturally produced in the body and found in certain foods. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of a bioavailable formulated form of PEA (Levagen+®) on serum BDNF levels and parameters of cognitive function in healthy adults. METHODS A randomised double-blinded placebo-controlled cross-over trial was implemented to measure the effects of a 6-week 700 mg/day course of formulated PEA supplementation versus a placebo. Participants (n = 39) completed pre- and post-assessments of a lab-based cognitive test. Serum samples were collected to measure BDNF concentrations using an immunoassay. RESULTS A significant increase in serum BDNF levels was found following PEA supplementation compared with the placebo (p = 0. 0057, d = 0.62). The cognition test battery demonstrated improved memory with PEA supplementation through better first success (p = 0.142, d = 0.54) and fewer errors (p = 0.0287; d = -0.47) on the Paired Associates Learning test. CONCLUSION This was the first study to report a direct beneficial effect of Levagen+® PEA supplementation on memory improvement as well as corresponding increases in circulating neurotrophic marker levels. This suggests that formulated PEA holds promise as an innovative and practical intervention for cognitive health enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Kim
- Centre for Nutraceuticals, University of Westminster, London W1W6 UW, UK (S.K.D.)
| | - Brenda Parolin
- Centre for Nutraceuticals, University of Westminster, London W1W6 UW, UK (S.K.D.)
| | - Derek Renshaw
- Centre for Health and Life Sciences (CHLS), Coventry University, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK;
| | - Sanjoy K. Deb
- Centre for Nutraceuticals, University of Westminster, London W1W6 UW, UK (S.K.D.)
- Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge CB1 1PT, UK
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Bouabdallah S, Brinza I, Boiangiu RS, Ibrahim MH, Honceriu I, Al-Maktoum A, Cioanca O, Hancianu M, Amin A, Ben-Attia M, Hritcu L. The Effect of a Tribulus-Based Formulation in Alleviating Cholinergic System Impairment and Scopolamine-Induced Memory Loss in Zebrafish ( Danio rerio): Insights from Molecular Docking and In Vitro/In Vivo Approaches. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:200. [PMID: 38399415 PMCID: PMC10891926 DOI: 10.3390/ph17020200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Tribulus terrestris L. (Tt) has been recently gaining attention for its pharmacological value, including its neuroprotective activities. In this study, we explore the neuroprotective effects of a Tribulus terrestris extract in a zebrafish (Danio rerio) model of scopolamine (SCOP)-induced memory impairment and brain oxidative stress. SCOP, an anticholinergic drug, was employed to replicate fundamental aspects of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in animal models. The fish were treated with ethanolic leaf extract (ELE) from Tt (1, 3, and 6 mg/L) for 15 days. SCOP (100 µM) was administered 30 min before behavioral tests were conducted. Molecular interactions of the major compounds identified via UPLC-PDA/MS in Tt fractions with the active site of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) were explored via molecular docking analyses. Terrestrosin C, protodioscin, rutin, and saponin C exhibited the most stable binding. The spatial memory performance was assessed using the Y-maze test, and memory recognition was examined using a novel object recognition (NOR) test. Tt extract treatment reversed the altered locomotion patterns that were caused by SCOP administration. Biochemical analyses also verified Tt's role in inhibiting AChE, improving antioxidant enzyme activities, and reducing oxidative stress markers. The present findings pave the way for future application of Tt as a natural alternative to treat cognitive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salwa Bouabdallah
- Laboratoire de Biosurveillance de l’Environnement (LR01/ES14), Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Université de Carthage, Zarzouna 7021, Tunisia;
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, 700506 Iasi, Romania (L.H.)
| | - Ion Brinza
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, 700506 Iasi, Romania (L.H.)
| | - Razvan Stefan Boiangiu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, 700506 Iasi, Romania (L.H.)
| | - Mona H. Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azha University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Iasmina Honceriu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, 700506 Iasi, Romania (L.H.)
| | - Amna Al-Maktoum
- Biology Department, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Oana Cioanca
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Monica Hancianu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Amr Amin
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mossadok Ben-Attia
- Laboratoire de Biosurveillance de l’Environnement (LR01/ES14), Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Université de Carthage, Zarzouna 7021, Tunisia;
| | - Lucian Hritcu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, 700506 Iasi, Romania (L.H.)
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Zaman R, Ravichandran V, Tan CK. Role of dietary supplements in the continuous battle against COVID-19. Phytother Res 2024; 38:1071-1088. [PMID: 38168043 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
A sudden outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic was a big blow to the world community on every level. Created by a novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, which was previously unknown to the human immune system. The expert opinion almost immediately united on the fact that the most effective way of fighting the pandemic would be by building immunity artificially via a mass immunization program. However, it took about a year for the approval of the first vaccine against COVID-19. In the meantime, a big part of the general population started adapting nutritious diet plans and dietary supplements to boost natural immunity as a potential prophylactic strategy against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Whether they originate from mainstream medicine, such as synthetic supplements, or traditional herbal remedies in the form of single or poly-herbs, these supplements may comprise various components that exhibit immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial characteristics. There is a substantial body of predictions and expert opinions suggesting that enhancing one's diet with dietary supplements containing additional nutrients and bioactive compounds like vitamins, minerals, amino acids, fatty acids, phytochemicals, and probiotics can enhance the immune system's ability to develop resistance against COVID-19, although none of them have any conclusive evidence nor officially recommended by World Health Organization (WHO). The current review critically acclaims the gap between public perception-based preference and real evidence-based study to weigh the actual benefit of dietary supplements in relation to COVID-19 prevention and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahela Zaman
- School of Healthy Aging, Aesthetics and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Vignesh Ravichandran
- School of Healthy Aging, Aesthetics and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chung Keat Tan
- School of Healthy Aging, Aesthetics and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Azmat F, Safdar M, Ahmad H, Khan MRJ, Abid J, Naseer MS, Aggarwal S, Imran A, Khalid U, Zahra SM, Islam F, Cheema SA, Shehzadi U, Ali R, Kinki AB, Ali YA, Suleria HAR. Phytochemical profile, nutritional composition of pomegranate peel and peel extract as a potential source of nutraceutical: A comprehensive review. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:661-674. [PMID: 38370077 PMCID: PMC10867480 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The current study focuses on Punica granatum L. (pomegranate) peel and peel extract and their use as functional foods, food additives, or physiologically active constituents in nutraceutical formulations. The pomegranate peel extract is a good source of bioactive substances needed for the biological activity of the fruit, including phenolic acids, minerals, flavonoids (anthocyanins), and hydrolyzable tannins (gallic acid). The macromolecules found in pomegranate peel and peel extract have been recommended as substitutes for synthetic nutraceuticals, food additives, and chemo-preventive agents because of their well-known ethno-medical significance and chemical properties. Moreover, considering the promises for both their health-promoting activities and chemical properties, the dietary and nutraceutical significance of pomegranate peel and pomegranate peel extract appears to be underestimated. The present review article details their nutritional composition, phytochemical profile, food applications, nutraceutical action, and health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiza Azmat
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Environmental DesignAllama Iqbal Open UniversityIslamabadPakistan
| | - Mahpara Safdar
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Environmental DesignAllama Iqbal Open UniversityIslamabadPakistan
| | - Hajra Ahmad
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Environmental DesignAllama Iqbal Open UniversityIslamabadPakistan
| | | | - Junaid Abid
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyUniversity of HaripurHaripurPakistan
| | | | - Saurabh Aggarwal
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Uttaranchal Institute of TechnologyUttaranchal UniversityDehradunIndia
| | - Ali Imran
- Department of Food SciencesGovernment College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Urma Khalid
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Environmental DesignAllama Iqbal Open UniversityIslamabadPakistan
| | - Syeda Mahvish Zahra
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Environmental DesignAllama Iqbal Open UniversityIslamabadPakistan
- Institute of Food Science and NutritionUniversity of SargodhaSargodhaPakistan
| | - Fakhar Islam
- Department of Clinical NutritionNUR International UniversityLahorePakistan
- Department of Food SciencesGovernment College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Sadia Arif Cheema
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Environmental DesignAllama Iqbal Open UniversityIslamabadPakistan
| | - Umber Shehzadi
- Department of Food SciencesGovernment College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Rehman Ali
- Department of Food SciencesGovernment College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Abdela Befa Kinki
- Food Science and NutritionEthiopian Institute of Agricultural ResearchAddis AbabaEthiopia
| | - Yuosra Amer Ali
- Department of Food Sciences, College of Agriculture and ForestryUniversity of MosulMosulIraq
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Singab ANB, Elhawary EA, Elkhawas YA, Fawzy IM, Moussa AY, Mostafa NM. Role of Nutraceuticals in Obesity Management: A Mechanism and Prospective Supported by Molecular Docking Studies. J Med Food 2024; 27:176-197. [PMID: 38324003 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2023.0104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity and its comorbidities represent a major health problem worldwide. Treatment by reducing food intake and physical activity interventions has limited success especially with elderly people with chronic diseases. Nutraceuticals are naturally originated and successfully used for their physiological and nutritional benefit in health care. They might be alternative means to help lose weight and reduce obesity-associated metabolic disorders with the improvement of health, delay the aging process, prevention of chronic diseases, increase of life expectancy, or support to the structure or function of the body. The current study enumerates the inherent role of nutraceuticals in the management of obesity and its related comorbidities. The study is supported with the molecular docking studies discussing the mechanism of action. An attempt to optimize the role of nutraceuticals is made in this article in addition to widen the scope of its use in this chronic worldwide disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdel Nasser B Singab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
- Center of Drug Discovery Research and Development, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Esraa A Elhawary
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yasmin A Elkhawas
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Iten M Fawzy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ashaimaa Y Moussa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nada M Mostafa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Santangeli E, Abbati C, Chen R, Di Carlo A, Leoni S, Piscaglia F, Ferri S. Pathophysiological-Based Nutritional Interventions in Cirrhotic Patients with Sarcopenic Obesity: A State-of-the-Art Narrative Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:427. [PMID: 38337711 PMCID: PMC10857546 DOI: 10.3390/nu16030427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, following the spread of obesity, metabolic dysfunction has come to represent the leading cause of liver disease. The classical clinical presentation of the cirrhotic patient has, therefore, greatly changed, with a dramatic increase in subjects who appear overweight or obese. Due to an obesogenic lifestyle (lack of physical activity and overall malnutrition, with an excess of caloric intake together with a deficit of proteins and micronutrients), these patients frequently develop a complex clinical condition defined as sarcopenic obesity (SO). The interplay between cirrhosis and SO lies in the sharing of multiple pathogenetic mechanisms, including malnutrition/malabsorption, chronic inflammation, hyperammonemia and insulin resistance. The presence of SO worsens the outcome of cirrhotic patients, affecting overall morbidity and mortality. International nutrition and liver diseases societies strongly agree on recommending the use of food as an integral part of the healing process in the comprehensive management of these patients, including a reduction in caloric intake, protein and micronutrient supplementation and sodium restriction. Based on the pathophysiological paths shared by cirrhosis and SO, this narrative review aims to highlight the nutritional interventions currently advocated by international guidelines, as well as to provide hints on the possible role of micronutrients and nutraceuticals in the treatment of this multifaceted clinical condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernestina Santangeli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (E.S.); (C.A.); (R.C.); (F.P.)
| | - Chiara Abbati
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (E.S.); (C.A.); (R.C.); (F.P.)
| | - Rusi Chen
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (E.S.); (C.A.); (R.C.); (F.P.)
| | - Alma Di Carlo
- Division of Internal Medicine, Hepatobiliary and Immunoallergologic Diseases, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.D.C.); (S.L.)
| | - Simona Leoni
- Division of Internal Medicine, Hepatobiliary and Immunoallergologic Diseases, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.D.C.); (S.L.)
| | - Fabio Piscaglia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (E.S.); (C.A.); (R.C.); (F.P.)
- Division of Internal Medicine, Hepatobiliary and Immunoallergologic Diseases, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.D.C.); (S.L.)
| | - Silvia Ferri
- Division of Internal Medicine, Hepatobiliary and Immunoallergologic Diseases, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.D.C.); (S.L.)
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Ashraf SA, Patel M, Adnan M. Editorial: Nutraceuticals: transforming conventional foods into dietary medicine for the clinical management of neurodegenerative diseases and cancers. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1349492. [PMID: 38356858 PMCID: PMC10865490 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1349492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Syed Amir Ashraf
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mitesh Patel
- Research and Development Cell, Department of Biotechnology, Parul Institute of Applied Sciences, Parul University, Vadodara, India
| | - Mohd Adnan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
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Fogacci F, Di Micoli V, Sabouret P, Giovannini M, Cicero AFG. Lifestyle and Lipoprotein(a) Levels: Does a Specific Counseling Make Sense? J Clin Med 2024; 13:751. [PMID: 38337445 PMCID: PMC10856708 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13030751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Lipoprotein(Lp)(a) is a variant of low-density lipoprotein (LDL), bound to apolipoprotein B100, whose levels are associated with a significant increase in the risk of atherosclerosis-related cardiovascular events, but also to aortic stenosis and atrial fibrillation. Since plasma levels of Lp(a) are commonly considered resistant to lifestyle changes, we critically reviewed the available evidence on the effect of weight loss, dietary supplements, and physical activity on this risk factor. In our review, we observed that relevant body weight loss, a relatively high intake of saturated fatty acids, the consumption of red wine, and intense physical exercise seems to be associated with significantly lower plasma Lp(a) levels. On the contrary, foods rich in trans-unsaturated fatty acids are associated with increased Lp(a) levels. With regard to dietary supplements, coenzyme Q10, L-Carnitine, and flaxseed exert a mild but significant lowering effect on plasma Lp(a).
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Fogacci
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Center, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40100 Bologna, Italy; (V.D.M.); (M.G.)
| | - Valentina Di Micoli
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Center, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40100 Bologna, Italy; (V.D.M.); (M.G.)
| | - Pierre Sabouret
- INSERM UMRS_1166, Cardiology Institute, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital (AP-HP), ACTION Study Group, Sorbonne University, 75013 Paris, France;
| | - Marina Giovannini
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Center, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40100 Bologna, Italy; (V.D.M.); (M.G.)
| | - Arrigo F. G. Cicero
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Center, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40100 Bologna, Italy; (V.D.M.); (M.G.)
- Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Heart, Thoracic and Vascular Department, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40100 Bologna, Italy
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Posey KL. Curcumin and Resveratrol: Nutraceuticals with so Much Potential for Pseudoachondroplasia and Other ER-Stress Conditions. Biomolecules 2024; 14:154. [PMID: 38397390 PMCID: PMC10886985 DOI: 10.3390/biom14020154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural products with health benefits, nutraceuticals, have shown considerable promise in many studies; however, this potential has yet to translate into widespread clinical use for any condition. Notably, many drugs currently on the market, including the first analgesic aspirin, are derived from plant extracts, emphasizing the historical significance of natural products in drug development. Curcumin and resveratrol, well-studied nutraceuticals, have excellent safety profiles with relatively mild side effects. Their long history of safe use and the natural origins of numerous drugs contrast with the unfavorable reputation associated with nutraceuticals. This review aims to explore the nutraceutical potential for treating pseudoachondroplasia, a rare dwarfing condition, by relating the mechanisms of action of curcumin and resveratrol to molecular pathology. Specifically, we will examine the curcumin and resveratrol mechanisms of action related to endoplasmic reticulum stress, inflammation, oxidative stress, cartilage health, and pain. Additionally, the barriers to the effective use of nutraceuticals will be discussed. These challenges include poor bioavailability, variations in content and purity that lead to inconsistent results in clinical trials, as well as prevailing perceptions among both the public and medical professionals. Addressing these hurdles is crucial to realizing the full therapeutic potential of nutraceuticals in the context of pseudoachondroplasia and other health conditions that might benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen L Posey
- Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Coradello G, Setti C, Donno R, Ghibaudi M, Catalano F, Tirelli N. A Quantitative Re-Assessment of Microencapsulation in (Pre-Treated) Yeast. Molecules 2024; 29:539. [PMID: 38276617 PMCID: PMC10818300 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29020539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Most hydrophobes easily diffuse into yeast cells, where they experience reduced evaporation and protection from oxidation, thus allowing inherently biocompatible encapsulation processes. Despite a long-standing industrial interest, the effect of parameters such as how is yeast pre-treated (extraction with ethanol, plasmolysis with hypertonic NaCl, depletion to cell walls), the polarity of the hydrophobes and the process conditions are still not fully understood. Here, we have developed thorough analytical protocols to assess how the effects of the above on S. cerevisiae's morphology, permeability, and encapsulation efficiency, using three differently polar hydrophobes (linalool, 1,6-dihydrocarvone, limonene) and three separate processes (hydrophobes as pure 'oils', water dispersions, or acetone solutions). The harsher the pre-treatment (depleted > plasmolyzed/extracted > untreated cells), the easier the diffusion into yeast became, and the lower both encapsulation efficiency and protection from evaporation, possibly due to denaturation/removal of lipid-associated (membrane) proteins. More hydrophobic terpenes performed worst in encapsulation as pure 'oils' or in water dispersion, but much less of a difference existed in acetone. This indicates the specific advantage of solvents/dispersants for 'difficult' compounds, which was confirmed by principal component analysis; furthering this concept, we have used combinations of hydrophobes (e.g., linalool and α-tocopherol), with one acting as solvent/enhancer for the other. Our results thus indicate advantages in using untreated yeast and-if necessary-processes based on solvents/secondary hydrophobes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Coradello
- Laboratory for Polymers and Biomaterials, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy; (G.C.); (C.S.); (M.G.)
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Genoa, Via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - Chiara Setti
- Laboratory for Polymers and Biomaterials, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy; (G.C.); (C.S.); (M.G.)
| | - Roberto Donno
- Laboratory for Polymers and Biomaterials, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy; (G.C.); (C.S.); (M.G.)
| | - Matilde Ghibaudi
- Laboratory for Polymers and Biomaterials, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy; (G.C.); (C.S.); (M.G.)
| | - Federico Catalano
- Electron Microscopy Facility, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego, 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Nicola Tirelli
- Laboratory for Polymers and Biomaterials, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy; (G.C.); (C.S.); (M.G.)
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Cabała S, Ożgo M, Herosimczyk A. The Kidney-Gut Axis as a Novel Target for Nutritional Intervention to Counteract Chronic Kidney Disease Progression. Metabolites 2024; 14:78. [PMID: 38276313 PMCID: PMC10819792 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14010078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
A well-balanced diet is integral for overall health, aiding in managing key risk factors for kidney damage like hypertension while supplying necessary precursors for metabolite production. Dietary choices directly influence the composition and metabolic patterns of the gut microbiota, showing promise as therapeutic tools for addressing various health conditions, including chronic kidney diseases (CKD). CKD pathogenesis involves a decline in the glomerular filtration rate and the retention of nitrogen waste, fostering gut dysbiosis and the excessive production of bacterial metabolites. These metabolites act as uremic toxins, contributing to inflammation, oxidative stress, and tissue remodeling in the kidneys. Dietary interventions hold significance in reducing oxidative stress and inflammation, potentially slowing CKD progression. Functional ingredients, nutrients, and nephroprotective phytoconstituents could modulate inflammatory pathways or impact the gut mucosa. The "gut-kidney axis" underscores the impact of gut microbes and their metabolites on health and disease, with dysbiosis serving as a triggering event in several diseases, including CKD. This review provides a comprehensive overview, focusing on the gut-liver axis, and explores well-established bioactive substances as well as specific, less-known nutraceuticals showing promise in supporting kidney health and positively influencing CKD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Agnieszka Herosimczyk
- Department of Physiology, Cytobiology and Proteomics, Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Husbandry, West Pomeranian University of Technology Szczecin, Klemensa Janickiego 29, 71-270 Szczecin, Poland; (S.C.); (M.O.)
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Piccolo V, Pastore A, Maisto M, Keivani N, Tenore GC, Stornaiuolo M, Summa V. Agri-Food Waste Recycling for Healthy Remedies: Biomedical Potential of Nutraceuticals from Unripe Tomatoes ( Solanum lycopersicum L.). Foods 2024; 13:331. [PMID: 38275698 PMCID: PMC10815480 DOI: 10.3390/foods13020331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Unripe tomatoes represent an agri-food waste resulting from industrial by-processing products of tomatoes, yielding products with a high content of bioactive compounds with potential nutraceutical properties. The food-matrix biological properties are attributed to the high steroidal glycoalkaloid (SGA) content. Among them, α-tomatine is the main SGA reported in unripe green tomatoes. This review provides an overview of the main chemical and pharmacological features of α-tomatine and green tomato extracts. The extraction processes and methods employed in SGA identification and the quantification are discussed. Special attention was given to the methods used in α-tomatine qualitative and quantitative analyses, including the extraction procedures and the clean-up methods applied in the analysis of Solanum lycopersicum L. extracts. Finally, the health-beneficial properties and the pharmacokinetics and toxicological aspects of SGAs and α-tomatine-containing extracts are considered in depth. In particular, the relevant results of the main in vivo and in vitro studies reporting the therapeutic properties and the mechanisms of action were described in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Vincenzo Summa
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano, 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.P.); (A.P.); (M.M.); (N.K.); (G.C.T.); (M.S.)
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Kulshrestha R, Singla N, Afzal O, Goyal A, Saini M, Alfawaz Altamimi AS, Almalki WH, Kazmi I, Al-Abbasi F, Alzarea SI, Gupta G. Role of Nutraceuticals in Treating Erectile Dysfunction via Inhibition of Phosphodiesterase-5 Enzyme: A Mini Review. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2024; 25:CPB-EPUB-137404. [PMID: 38310448 DOI: 10.2174/0113892010256035231119071714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Drug repurposing is an ongoing and clever strategy that is being developed to eradicate tuberculosis amid challenges, of which one of the major challenges is the resistance developed towards antibiotics used in standard directly observed treatment, short-course regimen. Surpassing the challenges in developing anti-tuberculous drugs, some novel host-directed therapies, repurposed drugs, and drugs with novel targets are being studied, and few are being approved too. After almost 4 decades since the approval of rifampicin as a potent drug for drugsusceptible tuberculosis, the first drug to be approved for drug-resistant tuberculosis is bedaquiline. Ever since the urge to drug discovery has been at a brisk as this milestone in tuberculosis treatment has provoked the hunt for novel targets in tuberculosis. Host-directed therapy and repurposed drugs are in trend as their pharmacological and toxicological properties have already been researched for some other diseases making the trial facile. This review discusses the remonstrance faced by researchers in developing a drug candidate with a novel target, the furtherance in tuberculosis research, novel anti-tuberculosis agents approved so far, and candidates on trial including the host-directed therapy, repurposed drug and drug combinations that may prove to be potential in treating tuberculosis soon, aiming to augment the awareness in this context to the imminent researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashi Kulshrestha
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India
| | - Neelam Singla
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India
| | - Obaid Afzal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahsas Goyal
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, U.P. India
| | - Mahendra Saini
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India
| | | | - Waleed Hassan Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imran Kazmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Al-Abbasi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami I Alzarea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India
- Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, India
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun 248007, India
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Rakha A, Shehzad A, Khan K. Editorial: Plant bioactives: challenges of extraction and processing. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1357925. [PMID: 38292247 PMCID: PMC10826700 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1357925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Allah Rakha
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Aamir Shehzad
- UniLaSalle, Univ. Artois, ULR7519 - Transformations & Agro-ressources, Normandie Université, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Kamran Khan
- Department of Food Science, GC University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Ferguson DT, Taka E, Tilghman SL, Womble T, Redmond BV, Gedeon S, Flores-Rozas H, Reed SL, Soliman KFA, Kanga KJW, Darling-Reed SF. The Anticancer Effects of the Garlic Organosulfide Diallyl Trisulfide through the Attenuation of B[a]P-Induced Oxidative Stress, AhR Expression, and DNA Damage in Human Premalignant Breast Epithelial (MCF-10AT1) Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:923. [PMID: 38255999 PMCID: PMC10815401 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) is the most characterized polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon associated with breast cancer. Our lab previously reported that the organosulfur compound (OSC), diallyl trisulfide (DATS), chemoprevention mechanism works through the induction of cell cycle arrest and a reduction in oxidative stress and DNA damage in normal breast epithelial cells. We hypothesize that DATS will inhibit B[a]P-induced cancer initiation in premalignant breast epithelial (MCF-10AT1) cells. In this study, we evaluated the ability of DATS to attenuate B[a]P-induced neoplastic transformation in MCF-10AT1 cells by measuring biological endpoints such as proliferation, clonogenicity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) DNA damage levels, as well as DNA repair and antioxidant proteins. The results indicate that B[a]P induced proliferation, clonogenic formation, ROS formation, and 8-OHdG levels, as well as increasing AhR, ARNT/HIF-1β, and CYP1A1 protein expression compared with the control in MCF-10AT1 cells. B[a]P/DATS's co-treatment (CoTx) inhibited cell proliferation, clonogenic formation, ROS formation, AhR protein expression, and 8-OHdG levels compared with B[a]P alone and attenuated all the above-mentioned B[a]P-induced changes in protein expression, causing a chemopreventive effect. This study demonstrates, for the first time, that DATS prevents premalignant breast cells from undergoing B[a]P-induced neoplastic transformation, thus providing more evidence for its chemopreventive effects in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique T. Ferguson
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA; (D.T.F.); (E.T.); (S.L.T.); (T.W.); (S.G.); (H.F.-R.); (S.L.R.); (K.F.A.S.)
| | - Equar Taka
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA; (D.T.F.); (E.T.); (S.L.T.); (T.W.); (S.G.); (H.F.-R.); (S.L.R.); (K.F.A.S.)
| | - Syreeta L. Tilghman
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA; (D.T.F.); (E.T.); (S.L.T.); (T.W.); (S.G.); (H.F.-R.); (S.L.R.); (K.F.A.S.)
| | - Tracy Womble
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA; (D.T.F.); (E.T.); (S.L.T.); (T.W.); (S.G.); (H.F.-R.); (S.L.R.); (K.F.A.S.)
| | - Bryan V. Redmond
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA;
| | - Shasline Gedeon
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA; (D.T.F.); (E.T.); (S.L.T.); (T.W.); (S.G.); (H.F.-R.); (S.L.R.); (K.F.A.S.)
| | - Hernan Flores-Rozas
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA; (D.T.F.); (E.T.); (S.L.T.); (T.W.); (S.G.); (H.F.-R.); (S.L.R.); (K.F.A.S.)
| | - Sarah L. Reed
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA; (D.T.F.); (E.T.); (S.L.T.); (T.W.); (S.G.); (H.F.-R.); (S.L.R.); (K.F.A.S.)
| | - Karam F. A. Soliman
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA; (D.T.F.); (E.T.); (S.L.T.); (T.W.); (S.G.); (H.F.-R.); (S.L.R.); (K.F.A.S.)
| | - Konan J. W. Kanga
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA;
| | - Selina F. Darling-Reed
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA; (D.T.F.); (E.T.); (S.L.T.); (T.W.); (S.G.); (H.F.-R.); (S.L.R.); (K.F.A.S.)
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Brown K, Theofanous D, Britton RG, Aburido G, Pepper C, Sri Undru S, Howells L. Resveratrol for the Management of Human Health: How Far Have We Come? A Systematic Review of Resveratrol Clinical Trials to Highlight Gaps and Opportunities. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:747. [PMID: 38255828 PMCID: PMC10815776 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol has long been proposed as being beneficial to human health across multiple morbidities, yet there is currently no conclusive clinical evidence to advocate its recommendation in any healthcare setting. A large cohort with high-quality clinical data and clearly defined biomarkers or endpoints are required to draw meaningful conclusions. This systematic review compiles every clinical trial conducted using a defined dose of resveratrol in a purified form across multiple morbidities to highlight the current 'state-of-play' and knowledge gaps, informing future trial designs to facilitate the realisation of resveratrol's potential benefits to human health. Over the last 20 years, there have been almost 200 studies evaluating resveratrol across at least 24 indications, including cancer, menopause symptoms, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease. There are currently no consensus treatment regimens for any given condition or endpoint, beyond the fact that resveratrol is generally well-tolerated at a dose of up to 1 g/day. Additionally, resveratrol consistently reduces inflammatory markers and improves aspects of a dysregulated metabolism. In conclusion, over the last 20 years, the increasing weight of clinical evidence suggests resveratrol can benefit human health, but more large, high-quality clinical trials are required to transition this intriguing compound from health food shops to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Brown
- Leicester Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester LE2 7LX, UK; (D.T.); (R.G.B.); (G.A.); (S.S.U.); (L.H.)
| | - Despoina Theofanous
- Leicester Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester LE2 7LX, UK; (D.T.); (R.G.B.); (G.A.); (S.S.U.); (L.H.)
| | - Robert G. Britton
- Leicester Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester LE2 7LX, UK; (D.T.); (R.G.B.); (G.A.); (S.S.U.); (L.H.)
| | - Grandezza Aburido
- Leicester Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester LE2 7LX, UK; (D.T.); (R.G.B.); (G.A.); (S.S.U.); (L.H.)
| | - Coral Pepper
- Odames Library, Victoria Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester LE1 5WW, UK
| | - Shanthi Sri Undru
- Leicester Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester LE2 7LX, UK; (D.T.); (R.G.B.); (G.A.); (S.S.U.); (L.H.)
| | - Lynne Howells
- Leicester Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester LE2 7LX, UK; (D.T.); (R.G.B.); (G.A.); (S.S.U.); (L.H.)
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Stacey P, Mensinkai A, Bansal P, Hosseini SH, Lavigne A, Gwardjan B, Leylachian S, Deng Z(J, Chari V, Giles S, Nesathurai S. Using Nutraceuticals to Help Manage Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:71. [PMID: 38256904 PMCID: PMC10820888 DOI: 10.3390/ph17010071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) is a significant public health challenge that has an adverse impact on functional independence, quality of life, and life expectancy. Management of people's chronic conditions is a key aspect of contemporary medical practice. Our study was an open label, single arm, prospective pilot study to evaluate the feasibility of treating people with TSCI. The study intervention was treatment with oral selenium and vitamin E. Participants were 18 years or older and experienced a TSCI at least one year prior to enrollment. Daily doses of 50 mcg of selenium and 400 IU of vitamin E were administered. Participants had radiologic (MRI tractography) and clinical (ASIA) assessments prior to initiating treatment, and these assessments were repeated after one year of treatment. Four subjects completed the full twelve-month study. Adherence, based on pill counts, was approximately 75% in all subjects. There were no adverse events related to study medications. During the treatment period, subjects reported improvement in certain symptoms. There was no significant difference in ASIA scores before and after the intervention. Combination treatment with vitamin E and selenium has been demonstrated as safe for TSCI patients. It is possible to use DTI values to locate the epicenter of a lesion as well as gauge the extent of injury. MRI tractography may serve as a meaningful surrogate endpoint. The results of this study suggest that it is feasible to conduct a larger long-term clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy of combination treatment of TSCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Stacey
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, ON L8L 2X2, Canada (V.C.)
- Division of Physical Medicine, Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Arun Mensinkai
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, ON L8L 2X2, Canada
- Department of Medical Imaging, Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada;
| | - Pankaj Bansal
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, ON L8L 2X2, Canada (V.C.)
- Division of Physical Medicine, Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Seyed-Hossein Hosseini
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, ON L8L 2X2, Canada (V.C.)
- Division of Physical Medicine, Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Andrew Lavigne
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, ON L8L 2X2, Canada (V.C.)
- Division of Physical Medicine, Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Basia Gwardjan
- Division of Physical Medicine, Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Sayna Leylachian
- Division of Physical Medicine, Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Zhihui (Joy) Deng
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, ON L8L 2X2, Canada (V.C.)
- Division of Physical Medicine, Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Vinjamuri Chari
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, ON L8L 2X2, Canada (V.C.)
- Division of Physical Medicine, Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Sandra Giles
- Department of Medical Imaging, Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada;
| | - Shanker Nesathurai
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, ON L8L 2X2, Canada (V.C.)
- Division of Physical Medicine, Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
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Fathima S, Al Hakeem WG, Selvaraj RK, Shanmugasundaram R. Beyond protein synthesis: the emerging role of arginine in poultry nutrition and host-microbe interactions. Front Physiol 2024; 14:1326809. [PMID: 38235383 PMCID: PMC10791986 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1326809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Arginine is a functional amino acid essential for various physiological processes in poultry. The dietary essentiality of arginine in poultry stems from the absence of the enzyme carbamoyl phosphate synthase-I. The specific requirement for arginine in poultry varies based on several factors, such as age, dietary factors, and physiological status. Additionally, arginine absorption and utilization are also influenced by the presence of antagonists. However, dietary interventions can mitigate the effect of these factors affecting arginine utilization. In poultry, arginine is utilized by four enzymes, namely, inducible nitric oxide synthase arginase, arginine decarboxylase and arginine: glycine amidinotransferase (AGAT). The intermediates and products of arginine metabolism by these enzymes mediate the different physiological functions of arginine in poultry. The most studied function of arginine in humans, as well as poultry, is its role in immune response. Arginine exerts immunomodulatory functions primarily through the metabolites nitric oxide (NO), ornithine, citrulline, and polyamines, which take part in inflammation or the resolution of inflammation. These properties of arginine and arginine metabolites potentiate its use as a nutraceutical to prevent the incidence of enteric diseases in poultry. Furthermore, arginine is utilized by the poultry gut microbiota, the metabolites of which might have important implications for gut microbial composition, immune regulation, metabolism, and overall host health. This comprehensive review provides insights into the multifaceted roles of arginine and arginine metabolites in poultry nutrition and wellbeing, with particular emphasis on the potential of arginine in immune regulation and microbial homeostasis in poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahna Fathima
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | | | - Ramesh K. Selvaraj
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
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Menconi J, Perata P, Gonzali S. In pursuit of purple: anthocyanin biosynthesis in fruits of the tomato clade. Trends Plant Sci 2024:S1360-1385(23)00395-3. [PMID: 38177013 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2023.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Over the past decade, progress has been made in the characterization of anthocyanin synthesis in fruits of plants belonging to the tomato clade. The genomic elements underlying the activation of the process were identified, providing the basis for understanding how the pathway works in these species. In this review we explore the genetic mechanisms that have been characterized to date, and detail the various wild relatives of the tomato, which have been crucial for recovering ancestral traits that were probably lost during evolution from green-purple to yellow and red tomatoes. This knowledge should help developing strategies to further enhance the status of the commercial tomato lines on sale, based on both genome editing and breeding techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo Menconi
- PlantLab, Center of Plant Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Via Guidiccioni 10, San Giuliano Terme, 56010, Pisa, Italy
| | - Pierdomenico Perata
- PlantLab, Center of Plant Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Via Guidiccioni 10, San Giuliano Terme, 56010, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Silvia Gonzali
- PlantLab, Center of Plant Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Via Guidiccioni 10, San Giuliano Terme, 56010, Pisa, Italy.
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Jayanti S, Vitek L, Verde CD, Llido JP, Sukowati C, Tiribelli C, Gazzin S. Role of Natural Compounds Modulating Heme Catabolic Pathway in Gut, Liver, Cardiovascular, and Brain Diseases. Biomolecules 2024; 14:63. [PMID: 38254662 PMCID: PMC10813662 DOI: 10.3390/biom14010063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The crucial physiological process of heme breakdown yields biliverdin (BV) and bilirubin (BR) as byproducts. BV, BR, and the enzymes involved in their production (the "yellow players-YP") are increasingly documented as endogenous modulators of human health. Mildly elevated serum bilirubin concentration has been correlated with a reduced risk of multiple chronic pro-oxidant and pro-inflammatory diseases, especially in the elderly. BR and BV per se have been demonstrated to protect against neurodegenerative diseases, in which heme oxygenase (HMOX), the main enzyme in the production of pigments, is almost always altered. HMOX upregulation has been interpreted as a tentative defense against the ongoing pathologic mechanisms. With the demonstration that multiple cells possess YP, their propensity to be modulated, and their broad spectrum of activity on multiple signaling pathways, the YP have assumed the role of an adjustable system that can promote health in adults. Based on that, there is an ongoing effort to induce their activity as a therapeutic option, and natural compounds are an attractive alternative to the goal, possibly requiring only minimal changes in the life style. We review the most recent evidence of the potential of natural compounds in targeting the YP in the context of the most common pathologic condition of adult and elderly life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sri Jayanti
- Liver brain Unit “Rita Moretti”, Fondazione Italiana Fegato-Onlus, Bldg. Q, AREA Science Park, ss14, Km 163,5, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy or (S.J.); (C.D.V.); (J.P.L.); or (C.S.); (C.T.)
- Eijkman Research Centre for Molecular Biology, Research Organization for Health, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong 16915, Indonesia
| | - Libor Vitek
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, and 4th Department of Internal Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 12000 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Camilla Dalla Verde
- Liver brain Unit “Rita Moretti”, Fondazione Italiana Fegato-Onlus, Bldg. Q, AREA Science Park, ss14, Km 163,5, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy or (S.J.); (C.D.V.); (J.P.L.); or (C.S.); (C.T.)
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34139 Trieste, Italy
| | - John Paul Llido
- Liver brain Unit “Rita Moretti”, Fondazione Italiana Fegato-Onlus, Bldg. Q, AREA Science Park, ss14, Km 163,5, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy or (S.J.); (C.D.V.); (J.P.L.); or (C.S.); (C.T.)
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34139 Trieste, Italy
- Department of Science and Technology, Philippine Council for Health Research and Development, Bicutan, Taguig City 1631, Philippines
| | - Caecilia Sukowati
- Liver brain Unit “Rita Moretti”, Fondazione Italiana Fegato-Onlus, Bldg. Q, AREA Science Park, ss14, Km 163,5, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy or (S.J.); (C.D.V.); (J.P.L.); or (C.S.); (C.T.)
- Eijkman Research Centre for Molecular Biology, Research Organization for Health, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong 16915, Indonesia
| | - Claudio Tiribelli
- Liver brain Unit “Rita Moretti”, Fondazione Italiana Fegato-Onlus, Bldg. Q, AREA Science Park, ss14, Km 163,5, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy or (S.J.); (C.D.V.); (J.P.L.); or (C.S.); (C.T.)
| | - Silvia Gazzin
- Liver brain Unit “Rita Moretti”, Fondazione Italiana Fegato-Onlus, Bldg. Q, AREA Science Park, ss14, Km 163,5, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy or (S.J.); (C.D.V.); (J.P.L.); or (C.S.); (C.T.)
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Shanshal SA, Alsaaty MH, Al-Qazaz H, Al-Zidan RN. Two Lactobacilli strains as adjuvant therapy in the management of irritable bowel syndrome: a randomized control trial. Ceska Slov Farm 2024; 73:233-241. [PMID: 38185646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Alleviating the symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) through the addition of probiotics to the treatment of IBS patients appears to be promising. The present randomized clinical trial seeks to assess the efficacy of a multi-strain probiotic product combining two Lactobacillus (L.) strains: L. acidophilus and L. plantarum, in diarrhea-predominant IBS (IBS-D) patients. A randomized, single-blinded clinical trial design was adopted to randomly assign 100 patients into two groups. Patients in group A received standard IBS treatment, whereas Group B patients were treated with probiotics besides the standard treatment. Both groups were treated for up to 12 weeks. The patients were assessed clinically by using IBS - Symptom Severity Scale (IBS-SSS) before starting the treatment and then at the end of the treatment period to evaluate the actual effect of probiotic intervention in treating IBS-D. Both treatments resulted in significant reductions in the total IBS-SSS score, but the reduction in Group B was significantly higher than in Group A. The reduction was significant in the number of days with pain, the severity of abdominal distension, satisfaction with bowel symptoms, and the effect of IBS on patients' life. The standard treatment showed a reduction of 241 points in the overall IBS-SSS score, while adding the probiotic resulted in 307 points reduction. Before treatment, all patients had severe IBS symptoms, but after treatment, 100% of patients in group B either achieved complete remission or had mild symptoms, while 14.3% of patients in group A still had moderate IBS. The patients on probiotics exhibited higher reductions in IBS-SSS overall scores as well as scores of individual sections. The probiotics also improved the severity of the disease and its symptoms when added to standard treatment. The results of this trial could support the addition of probiotics to the guidelines for managing IBS.
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Shanshal SA, Alsaaty MH, Al-Qazaz H, Al-Zidan RN. Two Lactobacilli strains as adjuvant therapy in the management of irritable bowel syndrome: a randomized control trial. Ceska Slov Farm 2024; 72:233-241. [PMID: 38195431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Alleviating the symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) through the addition of probiotics to the treatment of IBS patients appears to be promising. The present randomized clinical trial seeks to assess the efficacy of a multi-strain probiotic product combining two Lactobacillus (L.) strains: L. acidophilus and L. plantarum, in diarrhea-predominant IBS (IBS-D) patients. A randomized, single-blinded clinical trial design was adopted to randomly assign 100 patients into two groups. Patients in group A received standard IBS treatment, whereas Group B patients were treated with probiotics besides the standard treatment. Both groups were treated for up to 12 weeks. The patients were assessed clinically by using IBS - Symptom Severity Scale (IBS-SSS) before starting the treatment and then at the end of the treatment period to evaluate the actual effect of probiotic intervention in treating IBS-D. Both treatments resulted in significant reductions in the total IBS-SSS score, but the reduction in Group B was significantly higher than in Group A. The reduction was significant in the number of days with pain, the severity of abdominal distension, satisfaction with bowel symptoms, and the effect of IBS on patients' life. The standard treatment showed a reduction of 241 points in the overall IBS-SSS score, while adding the probiotic resulted in 307 points reduction. Before treatment, all patients had severe IBS symptoms, but after treatment, 100% of patients in group B either achieved complete remission or had mild symptoms, while 14.3% of patients in group A still had moderate IBS. The patients on probiotics exhibited higher reductions in IBS-SSS overall scores as well as scores of individual sections. The probiotics also improved the severity of the disease and its symptoms when added to standard treatment. The results of this trial could support the addition of probiotics to the guidelines for managing IBS.
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Gauttam VK, Munjal K, Chopra H, Ahmad A, Rana MK, Kamal MA. A Mechanistic Review on Therapeutic Potential of Medicinal Plants and their Pharmacologically Active Molecules for Targeting Metabolic Syndrome. Curr Pharm Des 2024; 30:10-30. [PMID: 38155468 DOI: 10.2174/0113816128274446231220113957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) therapy with phytochemicals is an emerging field of study with therapeutic potential. Obesity, insulin resistance, high blood pressure, and abnormal lipid profiles are all components of metabolic syndrome, which is a major public health concern across the world. New research highlights the promise of phytochemicals found in foods, including fruits, vegetables, herbs, and spices, as a sustainable and innovative method of treating this illness. Anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and insulin-sensitizing qualities are just a few of the many positive impacts shown by bioactive substances. Collectively, they alleviate the hallmark symptoms of metabolic syndrome by modulating critical metabolic pathways, boosting insulin sensitivity, decreasing oxidative stress, and calming chronic low-grade inflammation. In addition, phytochemicals provide a multimodal strategy by targeting not only adipose tissue but also the liver, skeletal muscle, and vascular endothelium, all of which have a role in the pathogenesis of MetS. Increasing evidence suggests that these natural chemicals may be useful in controlling metabolic syndrome as a complementary treatment to standard medication or lifestyle changes. This review article emphasizes the therapeutic potential of phytochemicals, illuminating their varied modes of action and their ability to alleviate the interconnected causes of metabolic syndrome. Phytochemical-based interventions show promise as a novel and sustainable approach to combating the rising global burden of metabolic syndrome, with the ultimate goal of bettering public health and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod Kumar Gauttam
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Shiva Institute of Pharmacy, Bilaspur, Hmachal Pradesh, India
| | - Kavita Munjal
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Hitesh Chopra
- Department of Biosciences, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 602105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Aftab Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahesh Kumar Rana
- Department of Agriculture, M.M. (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Mohammad Amjad Kamal
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
- Enzymoics, 7 Peterlee Place, Hebersham, NSW 2770, Australia
- Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, NSW 2770, Australia
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