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Liu S, Yu JM, Gan YC, Qiu XZ, Gao ZC, Wang H, Chen SX, Xiong Y, Liu GH, Lin SE, McCarthy A, John JV, Wei DX, Hou HH. Biomimetic natural biomaterials for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine: new biosynthesis methods, recent advances, and emerging applications. Mil Med Res 2023; 10:16. [PMID: 36978167 PMCID: PMC10047482 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-023-00448-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomimetic materials have emerged as attractive and competitive alternatives for tissue engineering (TE) and regenerative medicine. In contrast to conventional biomaterials or synthetic materials, biomimetic scaffolds based on natural biomaterial can offer cells a broad spectrum of biochemical and biophysical cues that mimic the in vivo extracellular matrix (ECM). Additionally, such materials have mechanical adaptability, microstructure interconnectivity, and inherent bioactivity, making them ideal for the design of living implants for specific applications in TE and regenerative medicine. This paper provides an overview for recent progress of biomimetic natural biomaterials (BNBMs), including advances in their preparation, functionality, potential applications and future challenges. We highlight recent advances in the fabrication of BNBMs and outline general strategies for functionalizing and tailoring the BNBMs with various biological and physicochemical characteristics of native ECM. Moreover, we offer an overview of recent key advances in the functionalization and applications of versatile BNBMs for TE applications. Finally, we conclude by offering our perspective on open challenges and future developments in this rapidly-evolving field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510900, China
| | - Jiang-Ming Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Yan-Chang Gan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510900, China
| | - Xiao-Zhong Qiu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510900, China
| | - Zhe-Chen Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Huan Wang
- The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, Guangdong, China.
| | - Shi-Xuan Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Clinical Functional Materials and Diagnosis & Treatment Devices of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, 325011, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yuan Xiong
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Guo-Hui Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Si-En Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Alec McCarthy
- Department of Functional Materials, Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA, 90064, USA
| | - Johnson V John
- Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68130, USA
| | - Dai-Xu Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200336, China.
- Zigong Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Zigong Psychiatric Research Center, Zigong Institute of Brain Science, Zigong, 643002, Sichuan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China.
| | - Hong-Hao Hou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510900, China.
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Chen H, Li X, Li D. Superhydrophilic–superhydrophobic patterned surfaces: From simplified fabrication to emerging applications. NANOTECHNOLOGY AND PRECISION ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.1063/10.0013222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Superhydrophilic–superhydrophobic patterned surfaces constitute a branch of surface chemistry involving the two extreme states of superhydrophilicity and superhydrophobicity combined on the same surface in precise patterns. Such surfaces have many advantages, including controllable wettability, enrichment ability, accessibility, and the ability to manipulate and pattern water droplets, and they offer new functionalities and possibilities for a wide variety of emerging applications, such as microarrays, biomedical assays, microfluidics, and environmental protection. This review presents the basic theory, simplified fabrication, and emerging applications of superhydrophilic–superhydrophobic patterned surfaces. First, the fundamental theories of wettability that explain the spreading of a droplet on a solid surface are described. Then, the fabrication methods for preparing superhydrophilic–superhydrophobic patterned surfaces are introduced, and the emerging applications of such surfaces that are currently being explored are highlighted. Finally, the remaining challenges of constructing such surfaces and future applications that would benefit from their use are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xiaoping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Dachao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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Shome A, Das A, Borbora A, Dhar M, Manna U. Role of chemistry in bio-inspired liquid wettability. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:5452-5497. [PMID: 35726911 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00255h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Chemistry and topography are the two distinct available tools for customizing different bio-inspired liquid wettability including superhydrophobicity, superamphiphobicity, underwater superoleophobicity, underwater superoleophilicity, and liquid infused slippery property. In nature, various living species possessing super and special liquid wettability inherently comprises of distinctly patterned surface topography decorated with low/high surface energy. Inspired from the topographically diverse natural species, the variation in surface topography has been the dominant approach for constructing bio-inspired antiwetting interfaces. However, recently, the modulation of chemistry has emerged as a facile route for the controlled tailoring of a wide range of bio-inspired liquid wettability. This review article aims to summarize the various reports published over the years that has elaborated the distinctive importance of both chemistry and topography in imparting and modulating various bio-inspired wettability. Moreover, this article outlines some obvious advantages of chemical modulation approach over topographical variation. For example, the strategic use of the chemical approach has allowed the facile, simultaneous, and independent tailoring of both liquid wettability and other relevant physical properties. We have also discussed the design of different antiwetting patterned and stimuli-responsive interfaces following the strategic and precise alteration of chemistry for various prospective applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpita Shome
- Bio-Inspired Polymeric Materials Lab, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Kamrup, Assam-781039, India.
| | - Avijit Das
- Bio-Inspired Polymeric Materials Lab, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Kamrup, Assam-781039, India.
| | - Angana Borbora
- Bio-Inspired Polymeric Materials Lab, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Kamrup, Assam-781039, India.
| | - Manideepa Dhar
- Bio-Inspired Polymeric Materials Lab, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Kamrup, Assam-781039, India.
| | - Uttam Manna
- Bio-Inspired Polymeric Materials Lab, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Kamrup, Assam-781039, India. .,Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Kamrup, Assam-781039, India.,Jyoti and Bhupat Mehta School of Health Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Kamrup, Assam-781039, India
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4
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Gao Y, Zhao CX, Sainsbury F. Droplet shape control using microfluidics and designer biosurfactants. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 584:528-538. [PMID: 33129162 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.09.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Many uses of emulsion droplets require precise control over droplet size and shape. Here we report a 'shape-memorable' micro-droplet formulation stabilized by a polyethylene glycol (PEG)-modified protein -surfactant, the droplets are stable against coalescence for months and can maintain non-spherical shapes for hours, depending on the surface coverage of PEGylated protein. Monodisperse droplets with aspect ratios ranging from 1.0 to 3.4 were controllably synthesized with a flow-focusing microfluidic device. Mechanical properties of the interfacial protein network were explored to elucidate the mechanism behind the droplet shape conservation phenomenon. Characterization of the protein film revealed that the presence of a PEG layer at interfaces alters the mechanical responses of the protein film, resulting in interfacial networks with improved strength. Taking advantage of the prolonged stabilization of non-spherical droplets, we demonstrate functionalization of the droplet interface with accessible biotins. The stabilization of micro-droplet shape with surface-active proteins that also serve as an anchor for integrating functional moieties, provides a tailorable interface for diverse biomimetic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Gao
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Chun-Xia Zhao
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Frank Sainsbury
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia; Centre for Cell Factories and Biopolymers, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia; Synthetic Biology Future Science Platform, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia.
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5
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Turnbull G, Clarke J, Picard F, Zhang W, Riches P, Li B, Shu W. 3D biofabrication for soft tissue and cartilage engineering. Med Eng Phys 2020; 82:13-39. [PMID: 32709263 DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2020.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Soft tissue injuries (STIs) affect patients of all age groups and represent a common worldwide clinical problem, resulting from conditions including trauma, infection, cancer and burns. Within the spectrum of STIs a mixture of tissues can be injured, ranging from skin to underlying nerves, blood vessels, tendons and cartilaginous tissues. However, significant limitations affect current treatment options and clinical demand for soft tissue and cartilage regenerative therapies continues to rise. Improving the regeneration of soft tissues has therefore become a key area of focus within tissue engineering. As an emerging technology, 3D bioprinting can be used to build complex soft tissue constructs "from the bottom up," by depositing cells, growth factors, extracellular matrices and other biomaterials in a layer-by-layer fashion. In this way, regeneration of cartilage, skin, vasculature, nerves, tendons and other bodily tissues can be performed in a patient specific manner. This review will focus on recent use of 3D bioprinting and other biofabrication strategies in soft tissue repair and regeneration. Biofabrication of a variety of soft tissue types will be reviewed following an overview of available cell sources, bioinks and bioprinting techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gareth Turnbull
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wolfson Building, University of Strathclyde, 106 Rottenrow, Glasgow G4 0NW, United Kingdom; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Agamemnon St, Clydebank G81 4DY, United Kingdom
| | - Jon Clarke
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Agamemnon St, Clydebank G81 4DY, United Kingdom
| | - Frédéric Picard
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wolfson Building, University of Strathclyde, 106 Rottenrow, Glasgow G4 0NW, United Kingdom; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Agamemnon St, Clydebank G81 4DY, United Kingdom
| | - Weidong Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Orthopedic Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Philip Riches
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wolfson Building, University of Strathclyde, 106 Rottenrow, Glasgow G4 0NW, United Kingdom
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Orthopedic Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenmiao Shu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wolfson Building, University of Strathclyde, 106 Rottenrow, Glasgow G4 0NW, United Kingdom.
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6
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Xu J, Wang Z, Zhang F, Peng S, Zhang J, Zhang L. Directed Self-Assembly of Patchy Microgels into Anisotropic Nanostructures. Macromol Rapid Commun 2019; 41:e1900505. [PMID: 31793720 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201900505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Multi-geometry nanostructures with high-order, complex, and controllable geometries have attracted extensive attention in the development of functional nanomaterials. A simple and versatile strategy is proposed to construct various anisotropic nanostructures through the directed self-assembly (DSA) of patchy microgels. A general criterion for interaction parameters is developed by the variance analysis method to achieve the formation of 1D nanorods by the single directional DSA process, and 2D or 3D polymorphs including V/T/h/cross shapes, multiple arms, multi-directional bending, single/multiple rings, nanocages, etc., by the multi-directional DSA process of binary microgel blends. At the optimum interaction parameters, the nanorods exhibit the quickest formation process and the most thermodynamically stable geometry, while the various 2D or 3D assemblies exhibit controlled jointing behaviors for versatile assembly geometries. The number of recognition sites on the patchy microgel surface guides the aggregation modes of microgels during the DSA process. These assemblies can bear large curvature variance with the increase of shear rates due to the high flexibility and the ability of adjusting orientation spontaneously. The DSA behavior of patchy microgels differs from the traditional self-assembly process of block copolymers, which may open a new route for guiding the formation of controllable nanoparticle architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianchang Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Product Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Zhikun Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, China
| | - Fusheng Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Product Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Shiyuan Peng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Product Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Product Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Product Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
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7
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Oliveira NM, Vilabril S, Oliveira MB, Reis RL, Mano JF. Recent advances on open fluidic systems for biomedical applications: A review. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 97:851-863. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.12.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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8
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Song Y, Xu T, Xu LP, Zhang X. Nanodendritic gold/graphene-based biosensor for tri-mode miRNA sensing. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:1742-1745. [PMID: 30663738 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc09586h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A nanodendritic gold/graphene-based biosensor that can perform fluorescence, SERS and electrochemical tri-modal miRNA detection in a single microdroplet has been developed. The biosensor was used to successfully perform tri-modal quantitative trace miRNA-375 detection, which enormously reduces false positive readings caused by interference and ambiguous signals, and has significant implications for use in precise physiological and pathological diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongchao Song
- Research Center for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, P. R. China.
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9
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Sun K, Yang H, Xue W, Cao M, Adeyemi K, Cao Y. Tunable Bubble Assembling on a Hybrid Superhydrophobic-Superhydrophilic Surface Fabricated by Selective Laser Texturing. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:13203-13209. [PMID: 30350683 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b02879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by water striders walking on water, aluminum alloy plates with patterned superhydrophobic (SH) surfaces made by picosecond laser texturing and stearic acid treatment were enabled floating with load on water. Self-assembling of shape tunable air bubbles was achieved on the designated surface with hybrid SH/superhydrophilic (SHL) patterns that fabricated by the second selective laser texturing of the prepared SH plate. Different load-bearing capacities were obtained by changing the position and area of SH surfaces, and an outstanding weight loading capacity of 7.5 g on a 20 cm2 aluminum alloy plate (3750 g/m2, 1.34 times the self-weight) was gained with strip-shaped air bubbles adhered to the sample bottom surface. The drag reduction characteristics of SH/SHL surfaces with different shaped air bubbles were tested by a self-built single pendulum impact device; the results indicated that the sample with the whole exterior SH surface achieved the longest sailing distance, which is 26.7% increase than that of the untreated bare sample. The research implies a promising strategy to increase the load-bearing capacity and voyage of marine vehicles by manipulating the underwater solid/air/liquid interaction on biomimic functional surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Sun
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Laser Processing Robot, College of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering , Wenzhou University , Wenzhou 325035 , China
| | - Huan Yang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Laser Processing Robot, College of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering , Wenzhou University , Wenzhou 325035 , China
| | - Wei Xue
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Laser Processing Robot, College of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering , Wenzhou University , Wenzhou 325035 , China
| | - Menghui Cao
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Laser Processing Robot, College of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering , Wenzhou University , Wenzhou 325035 , China
| | - Kenneth Adeyemi
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Laser Processing Robot, College of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering , Wenzhou University , Wenzhou 325035 , China
| | - Yu Cao
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Laser Processing Robot, College of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering , Wenzhou University , Wenzhou 325035 , China
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10
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Bansal L, Sanyal A, Kabi P, Pathak B, Basu S. Engineering Interfacial Processes at Mini-Micro-Nano Scales Using Sessile Droplet Architecture. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:8423-8442. [PMID: 29470090 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b04295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Evaporating sessile functional droplets act as the fundamental building block that controls the cumulative outcome of many industrial and biological applications such as surface patterning, 3D printing, photonic crystals, and DNA sequencing, to name a few. Additionally, a drying single sessile droplet forms a high-throughput processing technique using low material volume which is especially suitable for medical diagnosis. A sessile droplet also provides an elementary platform to study and analyze fundamental interfacial processes at various length scales ranging from macroscopically observable wetting and evaporation to microfluidic transport to interparticle forces operating at a nanometric length scale. As an example, to ascertain the quality of 3D printing we must understand the fundamental interfacial processes at the droplet scale. In this article, we review the coupled physics of evaporation flow-contact-line-driven particle transport in sessile colloidal droplets and provide methodologies to control the same. Through natural alterations in droplet vaporization, one can change the evaporative pattern and contact line dynamics leading to internal flow which will modulate the final particle assembly in a nontrivial fashion. We further show that control over particle transport can also be exerted by external stimuli which can be thermal, mechanical oscillations, vapor confinement (walled or a fellow droplet), or chemical (surfactant-induced) in nature. For example, significant augmentation of an otherwise evaporation-driven particle transport in sessile droplets can be brought about simply through controlled interfacial oscillations. The ability to control the final morphologies by manipulating the governing interfacial mechanisms in the precursor stages of droplet drying makes it perfectly suitable for fabrication-, mixing-, and diagnostic-based applications.
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11
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Roth AD, Lama P, Dunn S, Hong S, Lee MY. Polymer coating on a micropillar chip for robust attachment of PuraMatrix peptide hydrogel for 3D hepatic cell culture. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2018; 90:634-644. [PMID: 29853133 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.04.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
For better mimicking tissues in vivo and developing predictive cell models for high-throughput screening (HTS) of potential drug candidates, three-dimensional (3D) cell cultures have been performed in various hydrogels. In this study, we have investigated several polymer coating materials to robustly attach PuraMatrix peptide hydrogel on a micropillar chip for 3D culture of Hep3B human hepatic cells, which can be used as a tool for high-throughput assessment of compound hepatotoxicity. Among several amphiphilic polymers with maleic anhydride groups tested, 0.01% (w/v) poly(maleic anhydride-alt-1-octadecene) (PMA-OD) provided superior coating properties with no PuraMatrix spot detachment from the micropillar chip and no air bubble entrapment in a complementary microwell chip. To maintain Hep3B cell viability in PuraMatrix gel on the chip, gelation conditions were optimized in the presence of additional salts, at different seeding densities, and for growth medium washes. As a result, salts in growth media were sufficient for gelation, and relatively high cell seeding at 6 million cells/mL and two media washes for pH neutralization were required. With optimized 3D cell culture conditions, controlled gene expression and compound toxicity assessment were successfully demonstrated by using recombinant adenoviruses carrying genes for green and red fluorescent proteins as well as six model compounds. Overall, PuraMatrix hydrogel on the chip was suitable for 3D cell encapsulation, gene expression, and rapid toxicity assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander David Roth
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland State University, Fenn Hall Room 455, 1960 East 24th Street, Cleveland, OH 44115, United States
| | - Pratap Lama
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland State University, Fenn Hall Room 455, 1960 East 24th Street, Cleveland, OH 44115, United States
| | - Stephen Dunn
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland State University, Fenn Hall Room 455, 1960 East 24th Street, Cleveland, OH 44115, United States
| | - Stephen Hong
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland State University, Fenn Hall Room 455, 1960 East 24th Street, Cleveland, OH 44115, United States
| | - Moo-Yeal Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland State University, Fenn Hall Room 455, 1960 East 24th Street, Cleveland, OH 44115, United States.
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12
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Feng W, Ueda E, Levkin PA. Droplet Microarrays: From Surface Patterning to High-Throughput Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1706111. [PMID: 29572971 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201706111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
High-throughput screening of live cells and chemical reactions in isolated droplets is an important and growing method in areas ranging from studies of gene functions and the search for new drug candidates, to performing combinatorial chemical reactions. Compared with microfluidics and well plates, the facile fabrication, high density, and open structure endow droplet microarrays on planar surfaces with great potential in the development of next-generation miniaturized platforms for high-throughput applications. Surfaces with special wettability have served as substrates to generate and/or address droplets microarrays. Here, the formation of droplet microarrays with designed geometry on chemically prepatterned surfaces is briefly described and some of the newer and emerging applications of these microarrays that are currently being explored are highlighted. Next, some of the available technologies used to add (bio-)chemical libraries to each droplet in parallel are introduced. Current challenges and future prospects that would benefit from using such droplet microarrays are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqian Feng
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Erica Ueda
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Pavel A Levkin
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
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13
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Moroni L, Boland T, Burdick JA, De Maria C, Derby B, Forgacs G, Groll J, Li Q, Malda J, Mironov VA, Mota C, Nakamura M, Shu W, Takeuchi S, Woodfield TB, Xu T, Yoo JJ, Vozzi G. Biofabrication: A Guide to Technology and Terminology. Trends Biotechnol 2018; 36:384-402. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2017.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 336] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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14
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Du X, Wang J, Cui H, Zhao Q, Chen H, He L, Wang Y. Breath-Taking Patterns: Discontinuous Hydrophilic Regions for Photonic Crystal Beads Assembly and Patterns Revisualization. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:38117-38124. [PMID: 28990758 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b10359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Surfaces patterned with hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions provide robust and versatile means for investigating the wetting behaviors of liquids, surface properties analysis, and producing patterned arrays. However, the fabrication of integral and uniform arrays onto these open systems remains a challenge, thus restricting them from being used in practical applications. Here, we present a simple yet powerful approach for the fabrication of water droplet arrays and the assembly of photonic crystal bead arrays based on hydrophilic-hydrophobic patterned substrates. Various integral arrays are simply prepared in a high-quality output with a low cost, large scale, and uniform size control. By simply taking a breath, which brings moisture to the substrate surface, complex hydrophilic-hydrophobic outlined images can be revisualized in the discontinuous hydrophilic regions. Integration of hydrogel photonic crystal bead arrays into the "breath-taking" process results in breath-responsive photonic crystal beads, which can change their colors upon a mild exhalation. This state-of-the-art technology not only provides an effective methodology for the preparation of patterned arrays but also demonstrates intriguing applications in information storage and biochemical sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemin Du
- Research Centre for Micro/Nano System and Bionic Medicine, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Research Centre for Micro/Nano System and Bionic Medicine, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Huanqing Cui
- Research Centre for Micro/Nano System and Bionic Medicine, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Qilong Zhao
- Research Centre for Micro/Nano System and Bionic Medicine, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Hongxu Chen
- Research Centre for Micro/Nano System and Bionic Medicine, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Le He
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yunlong Wang
- Research Centre for Micro/Nano System and Bionic Medicine, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Shenzhen 518055, China
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15
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Mandsberg NK, Hansen O, Taboryski R. Generation of micro-droplet arrays by dip-coating of biphilic surfaces; the dependence of entrained droplet volume on withdrawal velocity. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12794. [PMID: 28986533 PMCID: PMC5630605 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12658-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Droplet array chips were realized using an alignment-free fabrication process in silicon. The chips were textured with a homogeneous nano-scale surface roughness but were partially covered with a self-assembled monolayer of perfluorodecyltrichlorosilane (FDTS), resulting in a super-biphilic surface. When submerged in water and withdrawn again, microliter sized droplets are formed due to pinning of water on the hydrophilic spots. The entrained droplet volumes were investigated under variation of spot size and withdrawal velocity. Two regimes of droplet formation were revealed: at low speeds, the droplet volume achieved finite values even for vanishing speeds, while at higher speeds the volume was governed by fluid inertia. A simple 2D boundary layer model describes the behavior at high speeds well. Entrained droplet volume could be altered, post-fabrication, by more than a factor of 15, which opens up for more applications of the dip-coating technique due to the significant increase in versatility of the micro-droplet array platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaj Kofoed Mandsberg
- Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Ole Hansen
- Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Rafael Taboryski
- Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
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16
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Wu H, Zhu K, Cao B, Zhang Z, Wu B, Liang L, Chai G, Liu A. Smart design of wettability-patterned gradients on substrate-independent coated surfaces to control unidirectional spreading of droplets. SOFT MATTER 2017; 13:2995-3002. [PMID: 28367564 DOI: 10.1039/c6sm02864k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Highly adherent wettability patterns on the substrate-independent superhydrophobic surfaces of trimethoxyoctadecylsilane modified titanium dioxide (TiO2)-based coatings were prepared by using commercial photolithography. Three custom unidirectional channels with gradient wettability patterns were obtained by spatially selective wettability conversion from superhydrophobic to superhydrophilic when the coatings were exposed to ultraviolet light (∼365 nm). The movement behavior of droplets on these unidirectional channels was studied and the displacement of droplet movement was effectively controlled. Integrating the idea of gradient wettability patterns into planar microfluidic devices (microreactors), a self-driven fluid transport was achieved to realize droplet metering, merging or reaction, and rapid transport. This self-driven fluid transport with gradient wettability patterns has great potential in fabricating a new category of pump-free microfluidic systems that can be used in various conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaping Wu
- Key Laboratory of E&M (Zhejiang University of Technology), Ministry of Education & Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310014, China.
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17
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Kabi P, Chaudhuri S, Basu S. Insights into Drying of Noncircular Sessile Nanofluid Droplets toward Multiscale Surface Patterning Using a Wall-Less Confinement Architecture. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:10977-10986. [PMID: 27700116 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b02962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Surface patterning with functional colloids is an important research area because of its widespread applicability in domains such as nanoelectronics, pharmaceutics, semiconductors, and photovoltaics among others. In this endeavor, we propose a low-cost patterning technique that aspires to eliminate the more expensive methodologies that are presently in practice. Using a simple document stamp on which patterns of any geometry can be embossed, we are able to print 2D millimeter-scale "wall-less confinement" using an ink-based hydrophobic fence on any plasma-treated superhydrophilic surface. The confinement is subsequently filled with nanocolloidal liquid(s). Using confinement geometry, we are able to control the 3D shape of the droplet to exhibit multiple interfacial curvatures. The droplet in the "wall-less confinements" evaporates naturally, exhibiting unique geometry (curvature)-induced flow structures that induce the nanoparticles to self-assemble into functional patterns. We have also shown that by modifying the geometry of the pattern, evaporation, flow, and particle deposition dynamics get altered, leading to precipitate topologies from macro- to microscales. We present two such geometrical designs that demonstrate the capability of modifying both macroscopic and microscopic features of the final precipitate. We have also provided a description of the physical mechanisms of the drying process by resolving the unique flow pattern using a combination of imaging and microparticle image velocimetry. These provide insights into the coupled dynamics of evaporation and flow responsible for the evolution of particle deposition pattern. Precipitate characterization using scanning electron microscopy and dark-field microscopy highlights the transformation in the deposit morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasenjit Kabi
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Energy Research, ‡Department of Aerospace Engineering, and §Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Swetaprovo Chaudhuri
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Energy Research, ‡Department of Aerospace Engineering, and §Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Saptarshi Basu
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Energy Research, ‡Department of Aerospace Engineering, and §Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560012, India
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18
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Buttner U, Sivashankar S, Agambayev S, Mashraei Y, Salama KN. Flash μ-fluidics: a rapid prototyping method for fabricating microfluidic devices. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra13582j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We demonstrate a fast and economically viable 2D/3D maskless digital light-projection based on stereolithography compared to traditional processes. Furthermore, electrodes and sensors are easily integrated without introducing leakages to the LOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- U. Buttner
- Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division (CEMSE)
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
- Saudi Arabia
| | - S. Sivashankar
- Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division (CEMSE)
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
- Saudi Arabia
| | - S. Agambayev
- Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division (CEMSE)
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Y. Mashraei
- Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division (CEMSE)
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
- Saudi Arabia
| | - K. N. Salama
- Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division (CEMSE)
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
- Saudi Arabia
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19
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Sonney S, Shek N, Moran-Mirabal JM. Rapid bench-top fabrication of poly(dimethylsiloxane)/polystyrene microfluidic devices incorporating high-surface-area sensing electrodes. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2015; 9:026501. [PMID: 25945145 PMCID: PMC4401806 DOI: 10.1063/1.4918596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The development of widely applicable point-of-care sensing and diagnostic devices can benefit from simple and inexpensive fabrication techniques that expedite the design, testing, and implementation of lab-on-a-chip devices. In particular, electrodes integrated within microfluidic devices enable the use of electrochemical techniques for the label-free detection of relevant analytes. This work presents a novel, simple, and cost-effective bench-top approach for the integration of high surface area three-dimensional structured electrodes fabricated on polystyrene (PS) within poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS)-based microfluidics. Optimization of PS-PDMS bonding results in integrated devices that perform well under pressure and fluidic flow stress. Furthermore, the fabrication and bonding processes are shown to have no effect on sensing electrode performance. Finally, the on-chip sensing capabilities of a three-electrode electrochemical cell are demonstrated with a model redox compound, where the high surface area structured electrodes exhibit ultra-high sensitivity. We propose that the developed approach can significantly expedite and reduce the cost of fabrication of sensing devices where arrays of functionalized electrodes can be used for point-of-care analysis and diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Sonney
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University , Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Norman Shek
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University , Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Jose M Moran-Mirabal
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University , Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
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20
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Yanagawa F, Sugiura S, Takagi T, Sumaru K, Camci-Unal G, Patel A, Khademhosseini A, Kanamori T. Activated-ester-type photocleavable crosslinker for preparation of photodegradable hydrogels using a two-component mixing reaction. Adv Healthc Mater 2015; 4:246-54. [PMID: 25116476 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201400180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Revised: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Photodegradable hydrogels have emerged as powerful platforms for studying and directing cellular behavior in a spatiotemporally controlled manner. Photodegradable hydrogels have previously been formed by free radical polymerizations, Michael-type addition reactions, and orthogonal click reactions. Here, an ester-activated photocleavable crosslinker is presented for preparing photodegradable hydrogels by means of a one-step mixing reaction between the crosslinker and a biocompatible polymer containing amino moieties (amino-terminated tetra-arm poly(ethylene glycol) or gelatin). It is demonstrated that photodegradable hydrogels micropatterned by photolithography can be used to culture cells with high viability and proliferation rates. The resulting micropatterned cell-laden structures can potentially be used to create 3D biomaterials for various tissue-engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumiki Yanagawa
- Research Center for Stem Cell Engineering; National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST); Central 5th, 1-1-1 Higashi Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8565 Japan
| | - Shinji Sugiura
- Research Center for Stem Cell Engineering; National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST); Central 5th, 1-1-1 Higashi Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8565 Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Takagi
- Research Center for Stem Cell Engineering; National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST); Central 5th, 1-1-1 Higashi Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8565 Japan
| | - Kimio Sumaru
- Research Center for Stem Cell Engineering; National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST); Central 5th, 1-1-1 Higashi Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8565 Japan
| | - Gulden Camci-Unal
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center Division of Biomedical Engineering; Department of Medicine; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Harvard Medical School; Cambridge MA 02139 USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Alpesh Patel
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center Division of Biomedical Engineering; Department of Medicine; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Harvard Medical School; Cambridge MA 02139 USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center Division of Biomedical Engineering; Department of Medicine; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Harvard Medical School; Cambridge MA 02139 USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Cambridge MA 02139 USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering; Harvard University; Boston MA 02115 USA
- Department of Maxillofacial Biomedical Engineering and Institute of Oral Biology; School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University; Seoul 130-701 Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics; King Abdulaziz University; Jeddah 21569 Saudi Arabia
| | - Toshiyuki Kanamori
- Research Center for Stem Cell Engineering; National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST); Central 5th, 1-1-1 Higashi Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8565 Japan
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21
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Song D, Song B, Hu H, Du X, Zhou F. Selectively splitting a droplet using superhydrophobic stripes on hydrophilic surfaces. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:13800-3. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp01530h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The droplet can be split by impinging on the hybrid hydrophobic–hydrophilic surface at a high velocity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Song
- School of Marine Science and Technology
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- Xi'an
- P. R. China
| | - Baowei Song
- School of Marine Science and Technology
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- Xi'an
- P. R. China
| | - Haibao Hu
- School of Marine Science and Technology
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- Xi'an
- P. R. China
| | - Xiaosong Du
- Microproducts Breakthrough Institute
- Corvallis
- USA
| | - Feng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Lanzhou
- P. R. China
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22
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Ueda E, Levkin PA. Emerging applications of superhydrophilic-superhydrophobic micropatterns. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2013; 25:1234-47. [PMID: 23345109 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201204120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2012] [Revised: 12/05/2012] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Water on superhydrophilic surfaces spreads or is absorbed very quickly, and exhibits water contact angles close to zero. We encounter superhydrophilic materials in our daily life (e.g., paper, sponges, textiles) and they are also ubiquitous in nature (e.g., plant and tree leaves, Nepenthes pitcher plant). On the other hand, water on completely non-wettable, superhydrophobic surfaces forms spherical droplets and rolls off the surface easily. One of the most well-known examples of a superhydrophobic surface is the lotus leaf. Creating novel superhydrophobic surfaces has led to exciting new properties such as complete water repellency, self-cleaning, separation of oil and water, and antibiofouling. However, combining these two extreme states of superhydrophilicity and superhydrophobicity on the same surface in precise two-dimensional micropatterns opens exciting new functionalities and possibilities in a wide variety of applications from cell, droplet, and hydrogel microarrays for screening to surface tension confined microchannels for separation and diagnostic devices. In this Progress Report, we briefly describe the methods for fabricating superhydrophilic-superhydrophobic patterns and highlight some of the newer and emerging applications of these patterned substrates that are currently being explored. We also give an outlook on current and future applications that would benefit from using such superhydrophilic-superhydrophobic micropatterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Ueda
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Postfach 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
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23
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Ueda E, Geyer FL, Nedashkivska V, Levkin PA. DropletMicroarray: facile formation of arrays of microdroplets and hydrogel micropads for cell screening applications. LAB ON A CHIP 2012; 12:5218-24. [PMID: 23114283 DOI: 10.1039/c2lc40921f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
We describe a one-step method for creating thousands of isolated pico- to microliter-sized droplets with defined geometry and volume. Arrays of droplets are instantly formed as liquid moves along a superhydrophilic-superhydrophobic patterned surface. Bioactive molecules, nonadherent cells, or microorganisms can be trapped in the fully isolated microdroplets for high-throughput screening, or in hydrogel micropads for screening in 3D microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Ueda
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Postfach 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
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24
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Jokinen V, Kostiainen R, Sikanen T. Multiphase designer droplets for liquid-liquid extraction. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2012; 24:6240-6243. [PMID: 22961951 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201202715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2012] [Revised: 08/15/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Multiphase liquid droplets consisting of three connected but immiscible liquid phases are demonstrated. The droplets have designer geometries stabilized by surface energy patterns; aqueous phases prefer contact with hydrophilic surface while organic phases prefer contact with hydrophobic areas. The multiphase droplets are applied for liquid-liquid-liquid extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ville Jokinen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Aalto University School of Chemical Technology, Tietotie 3, 02150, Espoo, Finland.
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