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Shi Y, Ma R, Wang X, Liu T, Li Y, Fu S, Yang K, Wang Y, Yu C, Jiao L, Wei X, Fang J, Xue D, Yan H. Influence of Fluorine Substitution on the Photovoltaic Performance of Wide Band Gap Polymer Donors for Polymer Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:5740-5749. [PMID: 35040622 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c23196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The design and development of wide band gap (WBG) polymer donors are critical for achieving high power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) in polymer solar cells. In this work, four WBG polymer donors, Q4, Q5, Q6, and Q7, with different numbers and positions of fluorine substitution (n = 0, 2, 2, and 4, respectively) were prepared, and the effect of fluorination on their photovoltaic performance was systematically investigated. When blended with a small-molecule electron acceptor MeIC, the devices based on Q4, Q5, Q6, and Q7 showed PCEs of 10.34, 11.06, 5.26, and 0.48%, respectively. When coupled with a low band gap polymer acceptor PYIT to fabricate all-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs), while the other three polymers (Q5-Q7) exhibited much lower PCEs in the range of 0.12-6.71%, the Q4 polymer-based all-PSCs showed the highest PCE of 15.06%, comparable to that of the devices fabricated with the star polymer donor PM6 (PCE = 15.00%). Detailed physicochemical and morphological studies revealed that an over-substitution of F in Q7 results in undesired low-lying HOMO levels and phase separation with the acceptors, thus resulting in its inferior PCEs. Moreover, the less F-substitution and controlling of the positions of F-substitution position in Q4 and Q5 can improve the HOMO energy level matching as well as morphologies between these two polymers with the acceptors, which in turn gives rise to higher performances. Clearly, our results indicate that Q4 is a promising donor candidate for high-performance all-PSCs, and the fine-tuning of both the number and positions of F-substitution in the polymer backbone is essential in developing high-performance WBG polymer donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqiang Shi
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, No.189, Jiuhua South Road, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China
| | - Ruijie Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials, Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Xin Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, No.189, Jiuhua South Road, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Multiscale Crystal Materials Research Center, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Department of Chemistry, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials, Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Yongchun Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Sheng Fu
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Yang Wang
- College of Materials, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Changjiang Yu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, No.189, Jiuhua South Road, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China
| | - Lijuan Jiao
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, No.189, Jiuhua South Road, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China
| | - Xianwen Wei
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, No.189, Jiuhua South Road, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China
| | - Junfeng Fang
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- School of Physics and Materials Science, Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Dongfeng Xue
- Multiscale Crystal Materials Research Center, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - He Yan
- Department of Chemistry, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials, Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
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Xu Z, Pan F, Sun C, Hong S, Chen S, Yang C, Zhang Z, Liu Y, Russell TP, Li Y, Wang D. Understanding the Morphology of High-Performance Solar Cells Based on a Low-Cost Polymer Donor. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:9537-9544. [PMID: 32013381 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b22666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A low-cost and high-performance bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cell comprising an emerging polymer donor, poly[(thiophene)-alt-(6,7-difluoro-2-(2-hexyldecyloxy)quinoxaline)] (PTQ10), shows an efficiency of 12.7%. To improve the performance of the solar cells, a better understanding of the structure-property relationships of the PTQ10-based devices is crucial. Here, we fabricate PTQ10/nonfullerene and fullerene BHJ devices, including PTQ10/IDIC, PTQ10/ITIC, and PTQ10/PC71BM, processed with or without thermal annealing and additive and provide detailed descriptions of the relationships between the morphology and performance. PTQ10 is found to be highly miscible with nonfullerene IDIC and ITIC acceptors and poorly miscible with fullerene PC71BM acceptors. Thermal annealing promotes the crystallization of PTQ10 and phase separation of all PTQ10/IDIC, PTQ10/ITIC, and PTQ10/PC71BM devices, leading to an increased power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of the PTQ10/IDIC and PTQ10/ITIC devices but a decreased PCE of PTQ10/PC71BM devices with 1,8-di-iodooctane (DIO) additive. Without thermal annealing, DIO greatly improves the morphology of PTQ10/PC71BM, leading to a higher PCE. The results show that the degree of phase separation and ordering in the PTQ10-based devices significantly influences device performance. The morphology-property correlations demonstrated will assist in the rational design of these low-cost polymer donor-based solar cells to achieve even higher performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengqing Xu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , China
| | - Fei Pan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
- School of Chemical Sciences , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Chenkai Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
- School of Chemical Sciences , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Song Hong
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , China
| | - Shanshan Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, CQU-NUS Renewable Energy Materials & Devices Joint Laboratory, School of Energy & Power Engineering , Chongqing University , Chongqing 400044 , China
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center , Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) , Ulsan 689-798 , South Korea
| | - Changduk Yang
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center , Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) , Ulsan 689-798 , South Korea
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
- School of Chemical Sciences , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Yao Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , China
| | - Thomas P Russell
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , China
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department , University of Massachusetts Amherst , Massachusetts 01003 , United States
- Materials Sciences Division , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , 1 Cyclotron Road , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
| | - Yongfang Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
- School of Chemical Sciences , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Dong Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , China
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Zhang X, Tang Y, Yang K, Chen P, Guo X. Additive‐Free Non‐Fullerene Organic Solar Cells. ChemElectroChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201901422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xianhe Zhang
- Department of Material Science and Engineering Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Printed Organic ElectronicsSouthern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech) No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150090 China
| | - Yumin Tang
- Department of Material Science and Engineering Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Printed Organic ElectronicsSouthern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech) No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of Material Science and Engineering Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Printed Organic ElectronicsSouthern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech) No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Material Science and Engineering Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Printed Organic ElectronicsSouthern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech) No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Xugang Guo
- Department of Material Science and Engineering Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Printed Organic ElectronicsSouthern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech) No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
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Zhang L, Yi N, Zhou W, Yu Z, Liu F, Chen Y. Miscibility Tuning for Optimizing Phase Separation and Vertical Distribution toward Highly Efficient Organic Solar Cells. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2019; 6:1900565. [PMID: 31406670 PMCID: PMC6685468 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201900565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Blending multidonor or multiacceptor organic materials as ternary devices has been recognized as an efficient and potential method to improve the power conversion efficiency of bulk heterojunction devices or single-junction components in tandem design. In this work, a highly crystalline molecule, DRCN5T, is involved into a PTB7-Th:PC70BM system to fabricate large-area organic solar cells (OSCs) whose blend film thickness is up to 270 nm, achieving an impressive performance of 11.1%. The significant improvement of OSCs after adding DRCN5T is due to the formation of an interconnected fibrous network with decreased π-π stacking and enhanced domain purity, in addition to the optimized vertical distribution of PTB7-Th and PC70BM, producing more effective charge separation, transport, and collection. The optimized morphology and performance are actually determined by the miscibility in different components, which can be quantitatively described by the Flory-Huggins interaction parameter of -0.80 and 2.94 in DRCN5T:PTB7-Th and DRCN5T:PC70BM blends, respectively. The findings in this work can potentially guide the selection of an appropriate third additive for high-performance OSCs for the sake of large-area printing and roll-to-roll fabrication from the view of miscibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifu Zhang
- College of ChemistryNanchang University999 Xuefu AvenueNanchang330031China
- Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry (IPEC)Nanchang University999 Xuefu AvenueNanchang330031China
| | - Nan Yi
- Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry (IPEC)Nanchang University999 Xuefu AvenueNanchang330031China
- School of Material Science and EngineeringNanchang University999 Xuefu AvenueNanchang330031China
| | - Weihua Zhou
- Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry (IPEC)Nanchang University999 Xuefu AvenueNanchang330031China
- School of Material Science and EngineeringNanchang University999 Xuefu AvenueNanchang330031China
| | - Zoukangning Yu
- Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry (IPEC)Nanchang University999 Xuefu AvenueNanchang330031China
- School of Material Science and EngineeringNanchang University999 Xuefu AvenueNanchang330031China
| | - Feng Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShanghai Jiaotong University800 DongchuanShanghai200240China
| | - Yiwang Chen
- College of ChemistryNanchang University999 Xuefu AvenueNanchang330031China
- Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry (IPEC)Nanchang University999 Xuefu AvenueNanchang330031China
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Zhang Y, Xu X, Lu J, Zhang S. Effect of polymer molecular weight on J51 based organic solar cells. RSC Adv 2019; 9:14657-14661. [PMID: 35516292 PMCID: PMC9064158 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra02022e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Very recently, organic solar cells (OSCs) have achieved outstanding scientific results with a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of over 16%. However, it is rarely reported on how molecular weight (M n) of polymer donors affects the solar cell performances. In this work, the wide bandgap polymer donor J51 with different M n from 8 to 36 kDa were synthesized and used for fabrication of J51:PC71BM devices. It was found that the PCEs were gradually on the increase with the increased molecular weight of J51 donor. This work demonstrated the relationship between devices performance and polymer molecular weight, which enriched the OSCs research content. It provides valuable reference information that optimal molecular weight of polymer donors should be limited in what is considered the applicable range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangqian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Xiangfei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Jiaorong Lu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Shiming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 Jiangsu P. R. China
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Pang S, Liu L, Sun X, Dong S, Wang Z, Zhang R, Guo Y, Li W, Zheng N, Duan C, Huang F, Cao Y. A Wide-Bandgap Conjugated Polymer Based on Quinoxalino[6,5-f ]quinoxaline for Fullerene and Non-Fullerene Polymer Solar Cells. Macromol Rapid Commun 2019; 40:e1900120. [PMID: 31021506 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201900120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A wide-bandgap conjugated polymer, PNQx-2F2T, based on a ring-fused unit of quinoxalino[6,5-f ]quinoxaline (NQx), is synthesized for use as electron donor in polymer solar cells (PSCs). The polymer shows intense light absorption in the range from 300 to 740 nm and favorable energy levels of frontier molecular orbitals. The polymer has afforded decent device performance when blended with either fullerene-based acceptor [6,6]-phenyl-C71 -butylric acid methyl ester ([70]PCBM) or non-fullerene acceptor 3,9-bis(2-methylene-(3-(1,1-dicyanomethylene)-indanone-methyl))-5,5,11,11-tetrakis(4-n-hexylphenyl)-dithieno[2,3-d: 2',3'-d']-s-indaceno[1,2-b:5,6-b']dithiophene (IT-M). The highest PCEs of 7.9% and 7.5% have been achieved for [70]PCBM or IT-M based PSCs, respectively. Moreover, the influence of molecular weight of PNQx-2F2T on solar cell performance has been investigated. It is found that fullerene-based devices prefer higher polymer molecular weight, while non-fullerene devices are not susceptible to the molecular weight of PNQx-2F2T. The device results are extensively explained by electrical and morphological characterizations. This work not only evidences the potential of NQx for constructing high-performance photovoltaic polymers but also demonstrates a useful structure-performance relationship for efficiency enhancement of non-fullerene PSCs via the development of new conjugated polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuting Pang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China.,South China Institute of Collaborative Innovation, Dongguan, 523808, P. R. China
| | - Liqian Liu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofei Sun
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Sheng Dong
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Zhenfeng Wang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Ruiwen Zhang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Yiting Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Nan Zheng
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Chunhui Duan
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Fei Huang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Yong Cao
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
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