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Xin M, Zhang Y, Liu Z, Zhang Y, Zhai Y, Xie H, Liu Y. In Situ-Initiated Poly-1,3-dioxolane Gel Electrolyte for High-Voltage Lithium Metal Batteries. Molecules 2024; 29:2454. [PMID: 38893331 PMCID: PMC11173723 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29112454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
To realize high-energy-density Li metal batteries at low temperatures, a new electrolyte is needed to solve the high-voltage compatibility and fast lithium-ion de-solvation process. A gel polymer electrolyte with a small-molecular-weight polymer is widely investigated by combining the merits of a solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) and liquid electrolyte (LE). Herein, we present a new gel polymer electrolyte (P-DOL) by the lithium difluoro(oxalate)borate (LiDFOB)-initiated polymerization process using 1,3-dioxolane (DOL) as a monomer solvent. The P-DOL presents excellent ionic conductivity (1.12 × 10-4 S cm-1) at -20 °C, with an oxidation potential of 4.8 V. The Li‖LiCoO2 cell stably cycled at 4.3 V under room temperature, with a discharge capacity of 130 mAh g-1 at 0.5 C and a capacity retention rate of 86.4% after 50 cycles. Moreover, a high-Ni-content LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (NCM811) cell can steadily run for 120 cycles at -20 °C, with a capacity retention of 88.4%. The underlying mechanism of high-voltage compatibility originates from the dense and robust B- and F-rich cathode interface layer (CEI) formed at the cathode interface. Our report will shed light on the real application of Li metal batteries under all-climate conditions in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Haiming Xie
- School of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (M.X.); (Y.Z.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yulong Liu
- School of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (M.X.); (Y.Z.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.)
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Yi X, Li X, Zhong J, Cui Z, Wang Z, Guo H, Wang J, Yan G. BF 4- Tailoring Solvation Chemistry of Ether-Based Electrolytes to Construct Stable Electrode/Electrolyte Interfaces for Sodium-Ion Full Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:11585-11594. [PMID: 38404137 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c19126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
The ether-based electrolytes show excellent performance on anodes in sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), but they still show poor compatibility with the cathodes. Here, ether electrolytes with NaBF4 as the main salt or additive were applied in NFM//HC full cells and showed enhanced performance than the electrolyte with NaPF6. Then, BF4- was found to have a stronger interaction with Na+, which could reduce the solvation of Na+ with the solvent, thus inducing the formation of the cathode electrolyte interface (CEI) and solid electrolyte interface (SEI) layers rich in inorganic species. Moreover, the morphology, structure, composition, and solubility of CEI and SEI were explored, concluding that NaBF4 could induce more stable CEI and SEI layers rich in B-containing species and inorganics. This work proposes using NaBF4 as the main salt or additive to improve the performance of ether electrolytes in NFM//HC full cells, which provides a strategy to improve the compatibility of ether-based electrolytes and cathodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Yi
- School of Metallurgy & Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
- Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Battery Materials, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Xinhai Li
- School of Metallurgy & Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
- Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Battery Materials, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Value-Added Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Jing Zhong
- School of Metallurgy & Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
- Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Battery Materials, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Zhuangzhuang Cui
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Zhixing Wang
- School of Metallurgy & Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
- Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Battery Materials, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Value-Added Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Huajun Guo
- School of Metallurgy & Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
- Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Battery Materials, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Value-Added Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Jiexi Wang
- School of Metallurgy & Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
- Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Battery Materials, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Value-Added Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Guochun Yan
- School of Metallurgy & Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
- Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Battery Materials, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Value-Added Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
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Janpandit M, Gogoi P, Ge X, Prakash S, Li YC. Composition Analysis of the Solid Electrolyte Interface of NaK Anodes in Na-Ion Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:4592-4599. [PMID: 38230648 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c15338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Sodium-ion batteries have emerged as a promising alternative to Li-ion batteries due to the abundance of sodium. However, anodes in Na-ion batteries face challenges such as dendrite formation and an unstable solid electrolyte interface layer. To address these challenges, NaK liquid metal alloy anodes have been proposed as an alternative because they do not form dendrites. In our study, we demonstrate that the NaK alloy anode interacts with the commonly used ethylene carbonate and dimethyl carbonate electrolyte, leading to a continuously growing unstable SEI layer, evidenced by cycling failures under 100 cycles and an increasing charge transfer resistance in electrochemical impedance spectroscopy studies. In situ surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveal that over the course of cycling the surface of the NaK anode becomes increasingly sodium-rich. After 30 cycles, XPS analysis detects only trace amounts of potassium on the NaK anode surface. When the electrolyte is analyzed postcycling using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy, there is a noticeable increase in potassium levels, suggesting that potassium metal dissolves into the electrolyte. The introduction of a 10 wt % fluoroethylene carbonate additive can mitigate this problem to some extent, enabling an enhanced cycling performance of up to 800 cycles at 1C. Nevertheless, the dissolution of K metal is still evident in the XPS results, albeit to a lesser degree. These discoveries provide valuable insights for designing a more robust SEI layer for the NaK anode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayuresh Janpandit
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Pratahdeep Gogoi
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Xiaoli Ge
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Shwetha Prakash
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Yuguang C Li
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
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