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Chand S, Tripathi AS, Dewani AP, Sheikh NWA. Molecular targets for management of diabetes: Remodelling of white adipose to brown adipose tissue. Life Sci 2024; 345:122607. [PMID: 38583857 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a disorder characterised metabolic dysfunction that results in elevated glucose level in the bloodstream. Diabetes is of two types, type1 and type 2 diabetes. Obesity is considered as one of the major reasons intended for incidence of diabetes hence it turns out to be essential to study about the adipose tissue which is responsible for fat storage in body. Adipose tissues play significant role in maintaining the balance between energy stabilization and homeostasis. The three forms of adipose tissue are - White adipose tissue (WAT), Brown adipose tissue (BAT) and Beige adipose tissue (intermediate form). The amount of BAT gets reduced, and WAT starts to increase with the age. WAT when exposed to certain stimuli gets converted to BAT by the help of certain transcriptional regulators. The browning of WAT has been a matter of study to treat the metabolic disorders and to initiate the expenditure of energy. The three main regulators responsible for the browning of WAT are PRDM16, PPARγ and PGC-1α via various cellular and molecular mechanism. Presented review article includes the detailed elaborative aspect of genes and proteins involved in conversion of WAT to BAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shushmita Chand
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Sector 125, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Alok Shiomurti Tripathi
- Department of Pharmacology, ERA College of Pharmacy, ERA University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Anil P Dewani
- Department of Pharmacology, P. Wadhwani College of Pharmacy, Yavatmal, Maharashtra, India
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Carvalho GB, Brandão-Lima PN, Payolla TB, Lucena SEF, Sarti FM, Fisberg RM, Rogero MM. Circulating MiRNAs Are Associated With Low-grade Systemic Inflammation and Leptin Levels in Older Adults. Inflammation 2023; 46:2132-2146. [PMID: 37464054 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-023-01867-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Inflammaging refers to the low-grade systemic inflammation that occurs with aging present in chronic non-communicable diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are potential biomarkers for these diseases in older adults. This study aimed to assess the expression of 21 circulating miRNAs and their associations with inflammatory biomarkers in older adults. This cross-sectional study was performed with 200 individuals participating in ISA-Nutrition. The systemic low-grade inflammation score (SIS) was calculated from the plasma concentration of 10 inflammatory biomarkers. Circulating miRNA expression was assessed using the Fluidigm method. Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test was employed to determine differences in SIS among groups distributed according to sex and presence of MetS. Spearman's correlation was used to estimate correlations among SIS, leptin levels, miRNA expression, and variables of interest. Analyses were performed using software R version 4.2.3, with a significance level of 0.05. The final sample consisted of 193 individuals with a mean age of 69.1 (SE = 0.5) years, being 64.7% individuals with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Positive correlations were observed between leptin concentration and metabolic risk factors, and leptin concentration was higher in individuals with MetS compared to those without MetS. The expression of 15 circulating miRNAs was negatively correlated with leptin concentration. GLMs showed negative associations between miRNAs (miR-15a, miR-16, miR-223, miR-363, miR-532), leptin, and/or SIS values; and only miR-21 showed positive association with SIS values. The results suggest the presence of peripheral leptin resistance associated with low-grade inflammation and plasma expression of miRNAs in older adults. These findings suggest the potential role of miRNAs as biomarkers for cardiometabolic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielli B Carvalho
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, 715 Dr. Arnaldo Avenue, São Paulo, SP, 01246-904, Brazil
| | - Paula N Brandão-Lima
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, 715 Dr. Arnaldo Avenue, São Paulo, SP, 01246-904, Brazil
| | - Tanyara B Payolla
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, 715 Dr. Arnaldo Avenue, São Paulo, SP, 01246-904, Brazil
| | - Sadraque E F Lucena
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Marechal Rondon Avenue, São Cristóvão, SE, 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Flávia M Sarti
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, 1000 Arlindo Bettio Avenue, São Paulo, SP, 03828-000, Brazil
| | - Regina M Fisberg
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, 715 Dr. Arnaldo Avenue, São Paulo, SP, 01246-904, Brazil
| | - Marcelo M Rogero
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, 715 Dr. Arnaldo Avenue, São Paulo, SP, 01246-904, Brazil.
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3
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Sun Y, Pinto C, Camus S, Duval V, Alayrac P, Zlatanova I, Loyer X, Vilar J, Lemitre M, Levoye A, Nus M, Ait-Oufella H, Mallat Z, Silvestre JS. Splenic Marginal Zone B Lymphocytes Regulate Cardiac Remodeling After Acute Myocardial Infarction in Mice. J Am Coll Cardiol 2022; 79:632-647. [PMID: 35177192 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2021.11.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mature B lymphocytes alter the recovery of cardiac function after acute myocardial infarction (MI) in mice. Follicular B cells and marginal zone B (MZB) cells are spatially distinct mature B-cell populations in the spleen, and they exert specific functional properties. microRNA-21 (miR21)/hypoxia-inducible factor-α (HIF-α)-related pathways have been shown to govern B-cell functions. OBJECTIVES The goal of this study was to unravel the distinct role of MZB cells and that of endogenous activation of miR21/HIF-α signaling in MZB cells during post-ischemic injury. METHODS Acute MI was induced in mice by permanent ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery. Cardiac function and remodeling were assessed by using echocardiography and immunohistochemistry. To determine the specific role of MZB cells, the study used mice with B-cell lineage-specific conditional deletion of Notch signaling, which leads to selection deficiency of MZB cells. To evaluate the role of the HIF-1α isoform, mice were generated with MZB-cell lineage-specific conditional deletion of Hif1a. RESULTS Acute MI prompted an miR21-dependent increase in HIF-1α, particularly in splenic MZB cells. MZB cell deficiency and MZB cell-specific deletion of miR21 or Hif1a improved cardiac function after acute MI. miR21/HIF-1α signaling in MZB cells was required for Toll-like receptor dependent expression of the monocyte chemoattractant protein CCL7, leading to increased mobilization of inflammatory monocytes to the ischemic myocardium and to adverse post-ischemic cardiac remodeling. CONCLUSIONS This work reveals a novel function for the miR21/HIF-1α pathway in splenic MZB cells with potential major implications for the modulation of cardiac function after acute MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyi Sun
- Université de Paris, PARCC, INSERM, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - Paul Alayrac
- Université de Paris, PARCC, INSERM, Paris, France
| | | | - Xavier Loyer
- Université de Paris, PARCC, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Jose Vilar
- Université de Paris, PARCC, INSERM, Paris, France
| | | | - Angélique Levoye
- Université de Paris, PARCC, INSERM, Paris, France; Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Bobigny, France
| | - Meritxell Nus
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cambridge University, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ziad Mallat
- Université de Paris, PARCC, INSERM, Paris, France; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cambridge University, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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miR-21 mimic blocks obesity in mice: A novel therapeutic option. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2021; 26:401-416. [PMID: 34552821 PMCID: PMC8426473 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are promising drug targets for obesity and metabolic disorders. Recently, miRNA mimics are providing a unique mechanism of action that guides the process for drug development and sets out the context of their therapeutic application. miRNA (miR)-21 expression in white adipose tissue (WAT) has been associated with obesity. We aimed to analyze miR-21 expression levels in relation to diabetes and obesity to determine the effect that miR-21 mimic has on processes involved in WAT functionality, to dissect the underlying molecular mechanisms, and to study the potential therapeutic application of the miR-21 mimic against obesity. We found higher miR-21 levels in WAT from non-diabetic obese compared to normoweight humans and mice. Moreover, in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, miR-21 mimic affect genes involved in WAT functionality regulation and significantly increase the expression of genes involved in browning and thermogenesis. Interestingly, in vivo treatment with the miR-21 mimic blocked weight gain induced by a high-fat diet in obese mice, without modifying food intake or physical activity. This was associated with metabolic enhancement, WAT browning, and brown adipose tissue (AT) thermogenic programming through vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), p53, and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) signaling pathways. Our findings suggest that miR-21 mimic-based therapy may provide a new opportunity to therapeutically manage obesity and consequently, its associated alterations.
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Fang G, Jiang X, Fang Y, Pan T, Liu H, Ren B, Wei Z, Gu S, Chen B, Jiang J, Shi Y, Guo D, Liu P, Fu W, Dong Z. Autologous peripheral blood-derived stem cells transplantation for treatment of no-option angiitis-induced critical limb ischemia: 10-year management experience. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:458. [PMID: 33115517 PMCID: PMC7594448 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01981-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have demonstrated that no-option angiitis-induced critical limb ischemia (NO-AICLI) could be significantly improved by transplantation of peripheral blood-derived stem cells (PBDSCs). Additionally, a randomized controlled trial (RCT) recently conducted by us suggested that peripheral blood-derived purified CD34+ cells (PCCs) were not inferior to non-purified peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs) at limb salvage in treatment of NO-AICLI. However, most of these clinical trials whether RCT or single-arm studies were characterized with a small sample size and absence of long-term outcomes. Methods To analyze long-term clinical outcomes of PBDSCs transplantation for NO-AICLI, we reviewed clinical data of patients with NO-AICLI receiving PBDSCs transplantation at our center during the past decade. Meanwhile, we first compared the long-term safety and efficacy of intramuscular transplantation of PCCs versus PBMNCs in a sizable number of patients with NO-AICLI. Results From May 2009 to December 2019, a total of 160 patients with NO-AICLI patients were treated by PBDSCs transplantation (82 with PCCs, 78 with PBMNCs) at our center. Baseline characteristics between two groups were similar. Up to June 2020, the mean follow-up period was 46.6 ± 35.3 months. No critical adverse events were observed in either group. There was one death during the follow-up period. A total of eight major amputations occurred. The cumulative major amputation-free survival (MAFS) rate at 5 years after PBDSCs transplantation was 94.4%, without difference between two groups (P = .855). Wound healing, rest pain, pain-free walking time, ankle-brachial index, transcutaneous oxygen pressure, and quality of life (QoL) also significantly improved after PBDSCs transplantation. Conclusions Autologous PBDSCs intramuscular transplantation could significantly decrease the major amputation rates and improve the QoL in patients with NO-AICLI. Long-term observation of a large sample of patients confirmed that the clinical benefits of PBDSCs transplantation were durable, without difference between the PCCs and PBMNCs groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Fang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolang Jiang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Fang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianyue Pan
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bichen Ren
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Wei
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shiyang Gu
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junhao Jiang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Shi
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Daqiao Guo
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiguo Fu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,Department of Vascular Surgery, Institute of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Zhihui Dong
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,Department of Vascular Surgery, Institute of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Rannou A, Toumaniantz G, Larcher T, Leroux I, Ledevin M, Hivonnait A, Babarit C, Fleurisson R, Dubreil L, Ménoret S, Anegon I, Charpentier F, Rouger K, Guével L. Human MuStem Cell Grafting into Infarcted Rat Heart Attenuates Adverse Tissue Remodeling and Preserves Cardiac Function. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2020; 18:446-463. [PMID: 32695846 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2020.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Whereas transplantation of several cell types into the infarcted heart has produced promising preclinical results, clinical studies using analogous human cells have shown limited structural and functional benefits. In dogs and humans, we have described a type of muscle-derived stem cells termed MuStem cells that efficiently promoted repair of injured skeletal muscle. Enhanced survival rate, long-term engraftment, and participation in muscle fiber formation were reported, leading to persistent tissue remodeling and clinical benefits. With the consideration of these features that are restricted or absent in cells tested so far for myocardial infarction, we wanted to investigate the capacity of human MuStem cells to repair infarcted hearts. Their local administration in immunodeficient rats 1 week after induced infarction resulted in reduced fibrosis and increased angiogenesis 3 weeks post-transplantation. Importantly, foci of human fibers were detected in the infarct site. Treated rats also showed attenuated left-ventricle dilation and preservation of contractile function. Interestingly, no spontaneous arrhythmias were observed. Our findings support the potential of MuStem cells, which have already been proposed as therapeutic candidates for dystrophic patients, to treat myocardial infarction and position them as an attractive tool for muscle-regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Rannou
- PAnTher, INRA, École Nationale Vétérinaire, Agro-Alimentaire et de l'Alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (Oniris), Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), 44307 Nantes, France.,l'Institut du Thorax, INSERM, CNRS, UNIV Nantes, Nantes, France.,Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Gilles Toumaniantz
- l'Institut du Thorax, INSERM, CNRS, UNIV Nantes, Nantes, France.,Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Thibaut Larcher
- PAnTher, INRA, École Nationale Vétérinaire, Agro-Alimentaire et de l'Alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (Oniris), Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), 44307 Nantes, France
| | - Isabelle Leroux
- PAnTher, INRA, École Nationale Vétérinaire, Agro-Alimentaire et de l'Alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (Oniris), Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), 44307 Nantes, France
| | - Mireille Ledevin
- PAnTher, INRA, École Nationale Vétérinaire, Agro-Alimentaire et de l'Alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (Oniris), Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), 44307 Nantes, France
| | - Agnès Hivonnait
- l'Institut du Thorax, INSERM, CNRS, UNIV Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Candice Babarit
- PAnTher, INRA, École Nationale Vétérinaire, Agro-Alimentaire et de l'Alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (Oniris), Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), 44307 Nantes, France
| | - Romain Fleurisson
- PAnTher, INRA, École Nationale Vétérinaire, Agro-Alimentaire et de l'Alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (Oniris), Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), 44307 Nantes, France
| | - Laurence Dubreil
- PAnTher, INRA, École Nationale Vétérinaire, Agro-Alimentaire et de l'Alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (Oniris), Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), 44307 Nantes, France
| | - Séverine Ménoret
- UMR 1064/Core Facility TRIP/Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, INSERM, CNRS, SFR Santé, INSERM UMS 016, CNRS UMS 3556, 44000 Nantes, France
| | - Ignacio Anegon
- UMR 1064/Core Facility TRIP/Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, INSERM, CNRS, SFR Santé, INSERM UMS 016, CNRS UMS 3556, 44000 Nantes, France
| | - Flavien Charpentier
- l'Institut du Thorax, INSERM, CNRS, UNIV Nantes, Nantes, France.,l'Institut du Thorax, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Karl Rouger
- PAnTher, INRA, École Nationale Vétérinaire, Agro-Alimentaire et de l'Alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (Oniris), Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), 44307 Nantes, France
| | - Laetitia Guével
- PAnTher, INRA, École Nationale Vétérinaire, Agro-Alimentaire et de l'Alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (Oniris), Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), 44307 Nantes, France.,Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
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Leppik L, Sielatycka K, Henrich D, Han Z, Wang H, Eischen-Loges MJ, Oliveira KMC, Bhavsar MB, Ratajczak MZ, Barker JH. Role of Adult Tissue-Derived Pluripotent Stem Cells in Bone Regeneration. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2019; 16:198-211. [PMID: 31828580 PMCID: PMC6987071 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-019-09943-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Background Bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells (BM-MNC) consist of a heterogeneous mix of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPC), endothelial progenitor cells (EPC), monocytes, lymphocytes and pluripotent stem cells. Whereas the importance of MSC and EPC has been well documented in bone healing and regeneration studies, the role of pluripotent stem cells is still poorly understood. In the present study we evaluated if and how Very Small Embryonic Like cells (VSEL), isolated from rat BM-MNC, contribute to bone healing. Methods Large bone defects were made in the femurs of 38 Sprague Dawley female rats and treated with β-TCP scaffold granules seeded with male VSEL; BM-MNC, VSEL-depleted BM-MNC or scaffold alone, and bone healing was evaluated at 8 weeks post-surgery. Results Bone healing was significantly increased in defects treated with VSEL and BM-MNC, compared to defects treated with VSEL-depleted BM-MNC. Donor cells were detected in new bone tissue, in all the defects treated with cells, and in fibrous tissue only in defects treated with VSEL-depleted BM-MNC. The number of CD68+ cells was the highest in the VSEL-depleted group, whereas the number of TRAP positive cells was the lowest in this group. Conclusions Based on the results, we can conclude that VSEL play a role in BM-MNC induced bone formation. In our rat femur defect model, in defects treated with VSEL-depleted BM-MNC, osteoclastogenesis and bone formation were decreased, and foreign body reaction was increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liudmila Leppik
- Frankfurt Initiative for Regenerative Medicine, Experimental Orthopedics & Trauma Surgery, J.W. Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - K Sielatycka
- Institute of Biology, Faculty of Exact and Natural Science, University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - D Henrich
- Department of Trauma, Hand & Reconstructive Surgery, J.W. Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Z Han
- Frankfurt Initiative for Regenerative Medicine, Experimental Orthopedics & Trauma Surgery, J.W. Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - H Wang
- Frankfurt Initiative for Regenerative Medicine, Experimental Orthopedics & Trauma Surgery, J.W. Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - M J Eischen-Loges
- Frankfurt Initiative for Regenerative Medicine, Experimental Orthopedics & Trauma Surgery, J.W. Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - K M C Oliveira
- Frankfurt Initiative for Regenerative Medicine, Experimental Orthopedics & Trauma Surgery, J.W. Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - M B Bhavsar
- Frankfurt Initiative for Regenerative Medicine, Experimental Orthopedics & Trauma Surgery, J.W. Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - M Z Ratajczak
- Stem Cell Institute at the James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - J H Barker
- Frankfurt Initiative for Regenerative Medicine, Experimental Orthopedics & Trauma Surgery, J.W. Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Qin S, Wang H, Liu G, Mei H, Chen M. miR‑21‑5p ameliorates hyperoxic acute lung injury and decreases apoptosis of AEC II cells via PTEN/AKT signaling in rats. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:4953-4962. [PMID: 31702805 PMCID: PMC6854583 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibiting apoptosis of type II alveolar epithelial cells (AEC II) is an effective way to decrease hyperoxic acute lung injury (HALI); however, the specific underlying molecular mechanisms have not yet been fully elucidated. Although miRNA‑21‑5p has previously been reported to decrease H2O2‑induced AEC II apoptosis by targeting PTEN in vitro, whether miR‑21‑5p can decrease HALI in vivo and the downstream molecular mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, rats were endotracheally administered with an miR‑21‑5p‑encoding (AAV‑6‑miR‑21‑5p) or a negative control adenovirus vector, and then a HALI model was established by exposure to hyperoxia. At 3 weeks following the administration of AAV‑6‑miR‑21‑5p, the severity of HALI was decreased, as evidenced by the improved outcome of the oxygenation index, respiratory index, wet/dry weight ratio and pathological scores of the HALI lungs. To further investigate the underlying mechanisms, AEC II cells were isolated from the lungs of the experimental rats and cultured. The expression levels of miR‑21‑5p and its target gene, PTEN, were detected, as well as the levels of phosphorylated and total AKT. In addition, the apoptosis rate of AEC II was detected by flow cytometry. The results demonstrated that AAV‑6‑miR‑21‑5p administration increased the miR‑21‑5p levels in primary AEC II cells, while it decreased the expression levels of PTEN. miR‑21‑5p overexpression also increased AKT phosphorylation in AEC II cells from the HALI lungs compared with that of the HALI alone group and the control virus group. The present study indicated that miR‑21‑5p ameliorated HALI in vivo, which may have resulted from the inhibition of PTEN/AKT‑induced apoptosis of AEC II cells. These findings suggest that miR‑21‑5p and PTEN/AKT signaling might serve as potential targets for HALI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Qin
- Intensive Care Unit, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Hongliang Wang
- Intensive Care Unit, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Guoyue Liu
- Intensive Care Unit, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Hong Mei
- Intensive Care Unit, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Miao Chen
- Intensive Care Unit, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
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9
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Xu HX, Pan W, Qian JF, Liu F, Dong HQ, Liu QJ. MicroRNA‑21 contributes to the puerarin‑induced cardioprotection via suppression of apoptosis and oxidative stress in a cell model of ischemia/reperfusion injury. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:719-727. [PMID: 31115556 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Puerarin, a major bioactive constituent of the Radix puerariae, can ameliorate myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Emerging evidence supports that microRNA (miR)‑21 functions as a protective factor against I/R and/or hypoxia‑reperfusion (H/R)‑induced myocardial injury. However, the role of miR‑21 in the cardioprotective effect of puerarin remains unclear. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to demonstrate the involvement of miR‑21 in the cardioprotective mechanisms of puerarin using a cell model of I/R injury, generated by culturing rat H9c2 cardiomyocytes under H/R conditions. The results demonstrated that pre‑treatment with puerarin significantly increased cell viability, decreased lactate dehydrogenase activity and upregulated miR‑21 expression in H/R‑treated H9c2 cells. Transfection of an miR‑21 inhibitor led to an increase in H/R‑induced cytotoxicity and reversed the protective effects of puerarin. Additionally, miR‑21 inhibition attenuated the puerarin‑induced decrease in the rate of apoptosis, caspase‑3 activity and the expression of apoptosis regulator Bax, and increased apoptosis regulator Bcl‑2 expression, under H/R conditions. Furthermore, puerarin mitigated H/R‑induced oxidative stress as evidenced by the decrease in endogenous reactive oxygen species production, malondialdehyde content and NADPH oxidase 2 expression, and enhanced the antioxidative defense system as illustrated by the increase in superoxide dismutase activity, catalase and glutathione peroxidase levels. These effects were all eliminated by miR‑21 inhibitor transfection. Furthermore, the miR‑21 inhibitor exacerbated the H/R‑induced oxidative stress and attenuated the antioxidative defense system in H/R‑treated H9c2 cells. Taken together, the results suggested that miR‑21 mediated the cardioprotective effects of puerarin against myocardial H/R injury by inhibiting apoptosis and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Xiang Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215300, P.R. China
| | - Wen Pan
- Department of Cardiology, Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215300, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Feng Qian
- Department of Cardiology, Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215300, P.R. China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215300, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Qi Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215300, P.R. China
| | - Qing-Jun Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215300, P.R. China
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10
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Essaadi A, Nollet M, Moyon A, Stalin J, Simoncini S, Balasse L, Bertaud A, Bachelier R, Leroyer AS, Sarlon G, Guillet B, Dignat-George F, Bardin N, Blot-Chabaud M. Stem cell properties of peripheral blood endothelial progenitors are stimulated by soluble CD146 via miR-21: potential use in autologous cell therapy. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9387. [PMID: 29925894 PMCID: PMC6010456 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27715-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-based therapies constitute a real hope for the treatment of ischaemic diseases. One of the sources of endothelial progenitors for autologous cell therapy is Endothelial Colony Forming Cells (ECFC) that can be isolated from peripheral blood. However, their use is limited by their low number in the bloodstream and the loss of their stem cell phenotype associated with the acquisition of a senescent phenotype in culture. We hypothesized that adding soluble CD146, a novel endothelial growth factor with angiogenic properties, during the isolation and growth procedures could improve their number and therapeutic potential. Soluble CD146 increased the number of isolated peripheral blood ECFC colonies and lowered their onset time. It prevented cellular senescence, induced a partial mesenchymal phenotype and maintained a stem cell phenotype by stimulating the expression of embryonic transcription factors. These different effects were mediated through the induction of mature miR-21. When injected in an animal model of hindlimb ischaemia, sCD146-primed ECFC isolated from 40 ml of blood from patients with peripheral arterial disease were able to generate new blood vessels and restore blood flow. Treatment with sCD146 could thus constitute a promising strategy to improve the use of autologous cells for the treatment of ischaemic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amel Essaadi
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM 1263, INRA 1260, C2VN, Marseille, France
| | - Marie Nollet
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM 1263, INRA 1260, C2VN, Marseille, France
| | - Anaïs Moyon
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM 1263, INRA 1260, C2VN, Marseille, France.,CERIMED (European Center of Research in Medical Imaging), Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Jimmy Stalin
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM 1263, INRA 1260, C2VN, Marseille, France
| | | | - Laure Balasse
- CERIMED (European Center of Research in Medical Imaging), Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | | | | | | | - Gabrielle Sarlon
- Service of Vascular Surgery, La Timone Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - Benjamin Guillet
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM 1263, INRA 1260, C2VN, Marseille, France.,CERIMED (European Center of Research in Medical Imaging), Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | | | - Nathalie Bardin
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM 1263, INRA 1260, C2VN, Marseille, France
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11
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Jalkanen J, Hautero O, Maksimow M, Jalkanen S, Hakovirta H. Correlation between increasing tissue ischemia and circulating levels of angiogenic growth factors in peripheral artery disease. Cytokine 2018; 110:24-28. [PMID: 29689451 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of the present study was to assess the circulating levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and other suggested therapeutic growth factors with the degree of ischemia in patients with different clinical manifestations of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) according to the Rutherford grades. METHODS The study cohort consists of 226 consecutive patients admitted to a Department of Vascular Surgery for elective invasive procedures. PAD patients were grouped according to the Rutherford grades after a clinical assessment. Ankle-brachial pressure indices (ABI) and absolute toe pressure (TP) values were measured. Serum levels of circulating VEGF, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) were measured from serum and analysed against Rutherford grades and peripheral hemodynamic measurements. RESULTS The levels of VEGF (P = 0.009) and HGF (P < 0.001) increased significantly as the ischaemic burden became more severe according to the Rutherford grades. PDGF behaved in opposite manner and declined along increasing Rutherford grades (P = 0.004). A significant, inverse correlations between Rutherford grades was detected as follows; VEGF (Pearson's correlation = 0.183, P = 0.004), HGF (Pearson's correlation = 0.253, P < 0.001), bFGF (Pearson's correlation = 0.169, P = 0.008) and PDGF (Pearson's correlation = 0.296, P < 0.001). In addition, VEGF had a clear direct negative correlation with ABI (Pearson's correlation -0.19, P = 0.009) and TP (Pearson's correlation -0.20, P = 0.005) measurements. CONCLUSIONS Our present observations show that the circulating levels of VEGF and other suggested therapeutic growth factors are significantly increased along with increasing ischemia. These findings present a new perspective to anticipated positive effects of gene therapies utilizing VEGF, HGF, and bFGF, because the levels of these growth factors are endogenously high in end-stage PAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juho Jalkanen
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Turku University and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
| | - Olli Hautero
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Turku University and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Mikael Maksimow
- Medicity Research Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Sirpa Jalkanen
- Medicity Research Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Harri Hakovirta
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Turku University and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
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12
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Zeng YL, Zheng H, Chen QR, Yuan XH, Ren JH, Luo XF, Chen P, Lin ZY, Chen SZ, Wu XQ, Xiao M, Chen YQ, Chen ZZ, Hu JD, Yang T. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells overexpressing MiR-21 efficiently repair myocardial damage in rats. Oncotarget 2018; 8:29161-29173. [PMID: 28418864 PMCID: PMC5438721 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective We investigated the ability of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) overexpressing microRNA-21 (miR-21) to repair cardiac damage induced by anthracyclines in rats. Methods Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats of 2~3 weeks old were selected to isolate and culture BMSCs. A lentivirus harboring pLVX-miR-21 was generated and transfected into rat BMSCs. The rats were assigned into an untreated negative control group, and groups injected with adriamycin alone or with adriamycin followed by BMSCs, pLVX-BMSCs or pLVX-miR-21-BMSCs (n = 10 each). Proliferation and migration of cells were detected by cholecystokinin-8 (CCK- 8) and transwell. MiR-21 expression, mRNA expressions of B cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl2), BAX (BCL-2-associated X protein) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were tested by qRT-PCR. Western blotting was applied to detect protein expressions of Bcl-2, Bax and VEGF. Results Using CCK- 8 and transwell assays, we found that pLVX-miR-21-BMSCs, which overexpressed miR-21, exhibited greater proliferation and migration than untransfected BMSCs or pLVX-BMSCs. Ultrasonic cardiograms and immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that among the five groups, the pLVX-miR-21-BMSC group exhibited the most improved heart function and enhanced angiogenesis. Moreover, the pLVX-miR-21-BMSC group showed enhanced expression of Bcl-2, VEGF and Cx43 and reduced expression of Bax, BNP and troponin T. Conclusion These findings suggest miR-21 overexpression enhanced the proliferation, invasiveness and differentiation of BMSCs as well as expression of key factors (Bcl-2, VEGF and Bax) essential for repairing the cardiac damage induced by anthracyclines and restoring heart function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ling Zeng
- Department of Hematology, Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, P. R. China.,Department of Hematology, Affiliated Nanping First Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Nanping 353000, P. R. China
| | - Hao Zheng
- Department of Hematology, Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, P. R. China
| | - Qiu-Ru Chen
- Department of Hematology, Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Hong Yuan
- Department of Hematology, Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Hua Ren
- Department of Hematology, Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Feng Luo
- Department of Hematology, Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, P. R. China
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Hematology, Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, P. R. China
| | - Zhe-Yao Lin
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Nanping First Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Nanping 353000, P. R. China
| | - Shao-Zhen Chen
- Department of Hematology, Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, P. R. China
| | - Xue-Qiong Wu
- Department of Hematology, Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, P. R. China
| | - Min Xiao
- Department of Hematology, Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Quan Chen
- Department of Hematology, Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Zhe Chen
- Department of Hematology, Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Da Hu
- Department of Hematology, Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, P. R. China
| | - Ting Yang
- Department of Hematology, Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, P. R. China
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13
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Shi B, Wang Y, Zhao R, Long X, Deng W, Wang Z. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomal miR-21 protects C-kit+ cardiac stem cells from oxidative injury through the PTEN/PI3K/Akt axis. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191616. [PMID: 29444190 PMCID: PMC5812567 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cell (SC) therapy for ischemic cardiomyopathy is hampered by poor survival of the implanted cells. Recently, SC-derived exosomes have been shown to facilitate cell proliferation and survival by transporting various proteins and non-coding RNAs (such as microRNAs and lncRNAs). In this study, miR-21 was highly enriched in exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Interestingly, exosomes collected from hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-treated MSCs (H-Exo) contained higher levels of miR-21 than exosomes released from MSCs under normal conditions (N-Exo). The pre-treatment of C-kit+ cardiac stem cells (CSCs) with H-Exos resulted in significantly increased levels of miR-21 and phosphor-Akt (pAkt) and decreased levels of PTEN, which is a known target of miR-21. AnnexinV-FITC/PI analysis further demonstrated that the degree of oxidative stress-induced apoptosis was markedly lower in H-Exo-treated C-kit+ CSCs than that in N-Exo-treated cells. These protective effects could be blocked by both a miR-21 inhibitor and the PI3K/Akt inhibitor LY294002. Therefore, exosomal miR-21 derived from H2O2-treated MSCs could be transported to C-kit+ cardiac stem cells to functionally inhibit PTEN expression, thereby activating PI3K/AKT signaling and leading to protection against oxidative stress-triggered cell death. Thus, exosomes derived from MSCs could be used as a new therapeutic vehicle to facilitate C-kit+ CSC therapies in the ischemic myocardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, China
| | - Ranzhun Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, China
| | - Xianping Long
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, China
| | - Wenwen Deng
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, China
| | - Zhenglong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, China
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14
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Zhang Y, Zhang T, Ma X, Zou J. Subconjunctival injection of antagomir-21 alleviates corneal neovascularization in a mouse model of alkali-burned cornea. Oncotarget 2017; 8:11797-11808. [PMID: 28052006 PMCID: PMC5355305 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Corneal neovascularization may result in loss of corneal transparency and blindness. However, developing successful and inexpensive medical treatments for corneal neovascularization remains an unresolved issue. Recently, several studies have implicated miRNA functions in the regulation of cornea homeostasis. This study aimed to identify the miRNA expression profile in the neovascularized cornea after an alkali burn and to investigate the related underlying mechanisms. Here, alkali-burned corneas and matched normal tissues were pooled to perform miRNA sequencing. MiR-21 in alkali-burned cornea showed the greatest increment of abundance at 4 and 7 d after injury compared to the healthy cornea. The miR-21 expression was positively correlated with both the mRNA and protein level of key angiogenic factors including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α). At 2 and 8 d after alkali burn, the mice received subconjunctival injections of antagomir-21 (1 or 5 nmol per injection). The injection of antagomir-21 (5 nmol) inactivated miR-21 and attenuated neovascularization progression by inhibiting the expression of VEGF-A and HIF-1α. Western blot analysis of the corneas demonstrated that antagomir-21 restored Sprouty 2/4 expression and silenced p-ERK activation. Therefore, these data reveal that antagomir-21 ameliorates the progression of corneal neovascularization likely via Sprouty 2/4-mediated inactivation of p-ERK. Delivery of antagomir-21 might be a potential therapeutic approach to prevent or treat visual loss caused by corneal neovascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to JiaoTong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyun Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guanghua Integrative Medicine Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Zou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to JiaoTong University, Shanghai, China
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15
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Shi B, Deng W, Long X, Zhao R, Wang Y, Chen W, Xu G, Sheng J, Wang D, Cao S. miR-21 increases c-kit + cardiac stem cell proliferation in vitro through PTEN/PI3K/Akt signaling. PeerJ 2017; 5:e2859. [PMID: 28168101 PMCID: PMC5289448 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.2859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The low survival rate of cardiac stem cells (CSCs) in the ischemic myocardium is one of the obstacles in ischemic cardiomyopathy cell therapy. The MicroRNA (miR)-21 and one of its target protein, the tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN), contributes to the proliferation of many kinds of tissues and cell types. It is reported that miR-21 promotes proliferation through PTEN/PI3K/Akt pathway, but its effects on c-kit+ CSC remain unclear. The authors hypothesized that miR-21 promotes the proliferation in c-kit + CSC, and evaluated the involvement of PTEN/PI3K/Akt pathway in vitro. miR-21 up-regulation with miR-21 efficiently mimics accelerated cell viability and proliferation in c-kit + CSC, which was evidenced by the CCK-8, EdU and cell cycle analyses. In addition, the over-expression of miR-21 in c-kit + CSCs notably down-regulated the protein expression of PTEN although the mRNA level of PTEN showed little change. Gain-of-function of miR-21 also increased the phosphor-Akt (p-Akt) level. Phen, the selective inhibitor of PTEN, reproduced the pro-proliferation effects of miR-21, while PI3K inhibitor, LY294002, totally attenuated the pro-survival effect of miR-21. These results indicate that miR-21 is efficient in promoting proliferation in c-kit+ CSCs, which is contributed by the PTEN/PI3K/Akt pathway. miR-21 holds the potential to facilitate CSC therapy in ischemic myocardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Wenwen Deng
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Xianping Long
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Ranzun Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Wenming Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Guanxue Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Jin Sheng
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Dongmei Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Song Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, Guizhou, China.,Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
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16
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miR-21 Reduces Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Apoptosis in c-kit + Cardiac Stem Cells In Vitro through PTEN/PI3K/Akt Signaling. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:5389181. [PMID: 27803763 PMCID: PMC5075640 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5389181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Revised: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The low survival rate of cardiac stem cells (CSCs) in the infarcted myocardium hampers cell therapy for ischemic cardiomyopathy. MicroRNA-21 (miR-21) and one of its target proteins, PTEN, contribute to the survival and proliferation of many cell types, but their prosurvival effects in c-kit+ CSC remain unclear. Thus, we hypothesized that miR-21 reduces hydrogen peroxide- (H2O2-) induced apoptosis in c-kit+ CSC and estimated the contribution of PTEN/PI3K/Akt signaling to this oxidative circumstance. miR-21 mimics efficiently reduced H2O2-induced apoptosis in c-kit+ CSC, as evidenced by the downregulation of the proapoptosis proteins caspase-3 and Bax and upregulation of the antiapoptotic Bcl-2. In addition, the gain of function of miR-21 in c-kit+ CSC downregulated the protein level of PTEN although its mRNA level changed slightly; in the meantime, miR-21 overexpression also increased phospho-Akt (p-Akt). The antiapoptotic effects of miR-21 were comparable with Phen (bpV), the selective inhibitor of PTEN, while miR-21 inhibitor or PI3K's inhibitor LY294002 efficiently attenuated the antiapoptotic effect of miR-21. Taken together, these results indicate that the anti-H2O2-induced apoptosis effect of miR-21 in c-kit+ CSC is contributed by PTEN/PI3K/Akt signaling. miR-21 could be a potential molecule to facilitate the c-kit+ CSC therapy in ischemic myocardium.
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17
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Yang F, Liu W, Yan X, Zhou H, Zhang H, Liu J, Yu M, Zhu X, Ma K. Effects of mir-21 on Cardiac Microvascular Endothelial Cells After Acute Myocardial Infarction in Rats: Role of Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog (PTEN)/Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) Signal Pathway. Med Sci Monit 2016; 22:3562-3575. [PMID: 27708252 PMCID: PMC5056537 DOI: 10.12659/msm.897773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study investigated how miR-21 expression is reflected in acute myocardial infarction and explored the role of miR-21 and the PTEN/VEGF signaling pathway in cardiac microvascular endothelial cells. Material/Methods We used an in vivo LAD rat model to simulate acute myocardial infarction. MiR-21 mimics and miR-21 inhibitors were injected and transfected into model rats in order to alter miR-21 expression. Cardiac functions were evaluated using echocardiographic measurement, ELISA, and Masson staining. In addition, lenti-PTEN and VEGF siRNA were transfected into CMEC cells using standard procedures for assessing the effect of PTEN and VEGE on cell proliferation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis. MiR-21, PTEN, and VEGF expressions were examined by RT-PCR and Western blot. The relationship between miR-21 and PTEN was determined by the luciferase activity assay. Results We demonstrated that miR-21 bonded with the 3′-UTR of PTEN and suppressed PTEN expressions. Established models significantly induced cardiac infarct volume and endothelial injury marker expressions as well as miR-21 and PTEN expressions (P<0.05). MiR-21 mimics exhibited significantly protective effects since they down-regulated both infarction size and injury marker expressions by increasing VEGF expression and inhibiting PTEN expression (P<0.05). In addition, results from in vitro research show that lenti-PTEN and VEGF siRNA can notably antagonize the effect of miR-21 on cell proliferation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis (P<0.05). Conclusions MiR-21 exerts protective effects on endothelial injury through the PTEN/VEGF pathway after acute myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Wenwei Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaojuan Yan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Hanyun Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Hongshen Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Jianfei Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Ming Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaoshan Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Kezhong Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China (mainland)
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18
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Song L, Liu S, Zhang L, Yao H, Gao F, Xu D, Li Q. MiR-21 modulates radiosensitivity of cervical cancer through inhibiting autophagy via the PTEN/Akt/HIF-1α feedback loop and the Akt-mTOR signaling pathway. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:12161-12168. [PMID: 27220494 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5073-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
MiR-21 is an important microRNA (miRNA) modulating radiosensitivity of cervical cancer cells. However, the underlying mechanism of miR-21 upregulation in radioresistant cervical cancer has not been fully understood. In addition, autophagy may either promote or alleviate radioresistance, depending on the types of cancer and tumor microenvironment. How autophagy affects radiosensitivity in cervical cancer and how miR-21 is involved in this process has not been reported. This study showed that miR-21 upregulation in radioresistant cervical cancer is related to HIF-1α overexpression. MiR-21 overexpression decreases PTEN, increases p-Akt, and subsequently increases HIF-1α expression, while miR-21 inhibition results in increased PTEN, decreased p-Akt, and then decreased HIF-1α. Therefore, we inferred that there is a HIF-1α-miR-21 positive feedback loop through the PTEN/Akt/HIF-1α pathway in cervical cancer cells. In addition, we also demonstrated that miR-21 confers decreased autophagy in cervical cancer cells after IR via the Akt-mTOR signaling pathway. Decreased autophagy is one of the potential mechanisms of increased radioresistance in cervical cancer cells. These findings expand our understanding of radioresistance development in cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Song
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, No.16, Xinhua West Road, Cangzhou, 061001, Hebei, China
| | - Shikai Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, No.16, Xinhua West Road, Cangzhou, 061001, Hebei, China.
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, No.16, Xinhua West Road, Cangzhou, 061001, Hebei, China
| | - Hairong Yao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, No.16, Xinhua West Road, Cangzhou, 061001, Hebei, China
| | - Fangyuan Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, No.16, Xinhua West Road, Cangzhou, 061001, Hebei, China
| | - Dongkui Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, No.16, Xinhua West Road, Cangzhou, 061001, Hebei, China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, No.16, Xinhua West Road, Cangzhou, 061001, Hebei, China
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Zhou Q, Sun Q, Zhang Y, Teng F, Sun J. Up-Regulation of miRNA-21 Expression Promotes Migration and Proliferation of Sca-1+ Cardiac Stem Cells in Mice. Med Sci Monit 2016; 22:1724-32. [PMID: 27210794 PMCID: PMC4915314 DOI: 10.12659/msm.895753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study, by regulating the expression level of microRNA-21 (miRNA-21) in antigen-1+ (Sca-1+) cardiac stem cells (CSCs), examined the role of miRNA-21 in migration, proliferation, and differentiation of Sca-1+ CSCs, and explored the use of miRNA-21 in treatment of heart-related diseases in mice. MATERIAL AND METHODS The CSCs of 20 healthy 2-month-old C57BL/6 mice were collected in our study. Immunomagnetic beads were used to separate and prepare pure Sca-1+ CSCs, which were further examined by flow cytometry. The samples were assigned to 4 groups: the blank group, the miRNA-21 mimic group, the miRNA-21 inhibitor group, and the negative control (NC) group. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), Transwell chamber assay, and the methyl thiazolylte-trazolium (MTT) assay were performed. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to measure the expression levels of GATA-4, MEF2c, TNI, and β-MHC differentiation-related genes. RESULTS Immunomagnetic separation results indicated that Sca-1+ CSCs accounted for more than 87.4% of CSCs. RT-PCR results also showed that the expression level of miRNA-21 of the miRNA-21 mimic group was higher than those of the other groups (all P<0.05). Compared to the NC and the blank group, the migration of Sca-1+ CSCs was more active in the miRNA-21 mimic group and less active in the miRNA-21 inhibitor group (all P<0.05). Moreover, compared to the blank group, the proliferation of Sca-1+ CSCs was enhanced in the miRNA-21 mimic group and inhibited in the miRNA-21 inhibitor group (all P<0.05). The results of RT-PCR indicated that neither miRNA-21 mimics nor miR-21 inhibitors influenced the gene expression levels of GATA-4, MEF2c, TNI, or β-MHC. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides evidence that up-regulation of miRNA-21 can promote migration and proliferation of Sca-1+ CSCs to enhance the capacity of Sca-1+ CSCs to repair damaged myocardium, which may pave the way for therapeutic strategies directed toward restoring miRNA-21 function for heart-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingling Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Qiang Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Yongshan Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Fei Teng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Jinhui Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
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Zhou Y, Zhu Y, Zhang L, Wu T, Wu T, Zhang W, Decker AM, He J, Liu J, Wu Y, Jiang X, Zhang Z, Liang C, Zou D. Human Stem Cells Overexpressing miR-21 Promote Angiogenesis in Critical Limb Ischemia by Targeting CHIP to Enhance HIF-1α Activity. Stem Cells 2016; 34:924-34. [PMID: 26841045 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Revised: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Critical limb ischemia (CLI) is a severe blockage in the arteries of the lower extremities. However, the effective and optimal treatment for CLI remains to be elucidated. Previous therapeutic research is mainly focused on proangiogenic growth factors administrations. Recently, miR-21 has been revealed to play a crucial role in angiogenesis. Thus, we hypothesize that miR-21 over-expression in human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UCBMSCs) can effectively treat CLI. Herein, UCBMSCs were transduced with lentivirus-miR-21-Luciferase (Lenti-miR-21) or lentivirus- LacZ-Luciferase (Lenti-LacZ). The results indicated that miR-21 induced UCBMSCs proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis in vitro. Subsequently, general observation and laser Doppler perfusion imaging were introduced to detect perfusion in muscles of CLI-nude mice on 1, 4, 7, 14, and 28 day postoperation. There was a significant improvement in blood vessels of the ischemic limb in Lenti-miR-21 group at 7 day compared with the saline or Lenti-LacZ groups. At 28 day, histological analysis confirmed that UCBMSCs over-expressing miR-21 increased neovascularization in CLI. Furthermore, carboxyl terminus of Hsc70-interacting protein (CHIP) was found to be the target gene for miR-21-mediated activation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) in UCBMSCs. In summary, our study demonstrated that over-expressing miR-21 in UCBMSCs could improve neovascularization in CLI through enhancing HIF-1α activity by targeting CHIP, which may hold great therapeutic promise in treating CLI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhou
- Department of Dental Implant Center, Stomatologic Hospital & College, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, PR, China
| | - Youming Zhu
- Department of Dental Implant Center, Stomatologic Hospital & College, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, PR, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Department of Dental Implant Center, Stomatologic Hospital & College, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, PR, China
| | - Tingting Wu
- Department of Dental Implant Center, Stomatologic Hospital & College, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, PR, China
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oral Implant, and Prosthodontics, School of Medicine, Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR, China
| | - Ann Marie Decker
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry 1210 Eisenhower Place, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jiacai He
- Department of Dental Implant Center, Stomatologic Hospital & College, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, PR, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Translational Center for Stem Cell Research, Tongji Hospital, Stem Cell Research Center, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR, China
| | - Yiqun Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oral Implant, and Prosthodontics, School of Medicine, Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR, China
| | - Xinqun Jiang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oral Implant, and Prosthodontics, School of Medicine, Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oral Implant, and Prosthodontics, School of Medicine, Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR, China
| | - Chaozhao Liang
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR, China
| | - Duohong Zou
- Department of Dental Implant Center, Stomatologic Hospital & College, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, PR, China
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21
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Liu Y, Luo F, Wang B, Li H, Xu Y, Liu X, Shi L, Lu X, Xu W, Lu L, Qin Y, Xiang Q, Liu Q. STAT3-regulated exosomal miR-21 promotes angiogenesis and is involved in neoplastic processes of transformed human bronchial epithelial cells. Cancer Lett 2016; 370:125-35. [PMID: 26525579 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Revised: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Although microRNA (miRNA) enclosed in exosomes can mediate intercellular communication, the roles of exosomal miRNA and angiogenesis in lung cancer remain unclear. We investigated functions of STAT3-regulated exosomal miR-21 derived from cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-transformed human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells in the angiogenesis of CSE-induced carcinogenesis. miR-21 levels in serum were higher in smokers than those in non-smokers. The medium from transformed HBE cells promoted miR-21 levels in normal HBE cells and angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Transformed cells transferred miR-21 into normal HBE cells via exosomes. Knockdown of STAT3 reduced miR-21 levels in exosomes derived from transformed HBE cells, which blocked the angiogenesis. Exosomes derived from transformed HBE cells elevated levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in HBE cells and thereby promoted angiogenesis in HUVEC cells. Inhibition of exosomal miR-21, however, decreased VEGF levels in recipient cells, which blocked exosome-induced angiogenesis. Thus, miR-21 in exosomes leads to STAT3 activation, which increases VEGF levels in recipient cells, a process involved in angiogenesis and malignant transformation of HBE cells. These results, demonstrating the function of exosomal miR-21 from transformed HBE cells, provide a new perspective for intervention strategies to prevent carcinogenesis of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China; The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Fei Luo
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China; The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Bairu Wang
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China; The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Huiqiao Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Yuan Xu
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China; The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Xinlu Liu
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China; The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Le Shi
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China; The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Xiaolin Lu
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China; The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Wenchao Xu
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China; The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China; The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Yu Qin
- Institute of Chronic Non-communicable Disease Control, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Quanyong Xiang
- Institute of Chronic Non-communicable Disease Control, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Qizhan Liu
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China; The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China.
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The Evolution of the Stem Cell Theory for Heart Failure. EBioMedicine 2015; 2:1871-9. [PMID: 26844266 PMCID: PMC4703721 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2015.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Revised: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Various stem cell-based approaches for cardiac repair have achieved encouraging results in animal experiments, often leading to their rapid proceeding to clinical testing. However, freewheeling evolutionary developments of the stem cell theory might lead to dystopian scenarios where heterogeneous sources of therapeutic cells could promote mixed clinical outcomes in un-stratified patient populations. This review focuses on the lessons that should be learnt from the first generation of stem cell-based strategies and emphasizes the absolute requirement to better understand the basic mechanisms of stem cell biology and cardiogenesis. We will also discuss about the unexpected “big bang” in the stem cell theory, “blasting” the therapeutic cells to their unchallenged ability to release paracrine factors such as extracellular membrane vesicles. Paradoxically, the natural evolution of the stem cell theory for cardiac regeneration may end with the development of cell-free strategies with multiple cellular targets including cardiomyocytes but also other infiltrating or resident cardiac cells. Varied sources of therapeutic cells and low repair ability of the failing heart contribute to mixed results in clinical trials. Consensus is still lacking concerning the appropriate type of therapeutic stem cells. A clear understanding of cardiac development and adult cardiogenesis might increase the efficiency of regenerative therapies. Delivery of stem cell-derived paracrine factor alone to the damaged heart may be sufficient to activate repair mechanisms.
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Right ventricular failure secondary to chronic overload in congenital heart diseases: benefits of cell therapy using human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiac progenitors. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2014; 149:708-15.e1. [PMID: 25583108 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2014.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Revised: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Despite the increasing incidence of right ventricular (RV) failure in adult patients with congenital heart disease, current therapeutic options are still limited. By contrast to left-heart diseases, cell-based myocardial regeneration applied to the right ventricle is poorly studied, even though it may be a therapeutic solution. As human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiac progenitors seem to be good candidates owing to their proliferation capacity, our aim was to assess, in a large animal model of overloaded RV dysfunction, the feasibility and effects of such a cell therapy. METHODS Human MesP1(+)/SSEA-1(+) cardiogenic mesodermal cells were administered using multiple intramyocardial injections 4 months after a surgical procedure mimicking the repaired tetralogy of Fallot, and their effects were observed 3 months later on hemodynamic, rhythmic, and histologic parameters. RESULTS All pigs (sham n = 6, treated n = 6) survived without complication, and cell therapy was clinically well tolerated. Although functional, contractility, and energetics parameters evolved similarly in both groups, benefits regarding arrhythmic susceptibility were observed in the treated group, associated with a significant decrease of peri-myocyte fibrosis (5.71% ± 2.49% vs 12.12% ± 1.85%; P < .01) without interstitial fibrosis change (5.18% ± 0.81% vs 5.49% ± 1.01%). Such a decrease could be related to paracrine effects, as no human cells could be detected within the myocardium. CONCLUSIONS Cell therapy using intramyocardial injections of human MesP1(+)/SSEA-1(+) cardiogenic mesodermal cells seems to have benefits regarding overloaded RV tissue remodeling and arrhythmic susceptibility, but this mode of administration is not sufficient to obtain a significant improvement in RV function.
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24
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali J Marian
- From the Institute of Molecular Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Genetic Research, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston.
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