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Lin CY, Chen CW, Wang C, Sung FC, Su TC. The Association between 4-Tertiary-Octylphenol, Apoptotic Microparticles, and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in a Young Taiwanese Population. TOXICS 2023; 11:757. [PMID: 37755767 PMCID: PMC10537624 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11090757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
As one of the most common alkylphenols, 4-tertiary-octylphenol (4-tOP) is commonly used in many consumer products. Our previous epidemiological study revealed a negative correlation between serum 4-tOP levels and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), which serves as a biomarker of arteriosclerosis. We aimed to explore the role of apoptotic microparticles, markers of vascular endothelial cell function, in the 4-tOP and CIMT connection. To investigate this, we enrolled 886 Taiwanese adolescents and young adults (aged 12-30 years) and examined the relationships among serum 4-tOP levels, apoptotic microparticles (CD31+/CD42a-, CD31+/CD42a+), and CIMT. Our results showed negative associations among serum 4-tOP levels, both apoptotic microparticles, and CIMT in multiple linear regression analysis. The odds ratios for CIMT (≥75th percentile) and the natural logarithm of 4-tOP were highest when both CD31+/CD42a- and CD31+/CD42a+ were greater than the 50th percentile. Conversely, the odds ratios were lowest when both CD31+/CD42a- and CD31+/CD42a+ were less than the 50th percentile. In the structural equation model, we demonstrated that serum 4-tOP levels were negatively correlated with CIMT and indirectly and negatively correlated with CIMT through both apoptotic microparticles. In conclusion, our study reported the inverse association between 4-tOP apoptotic microparticles and CIMT in a young Taiwanese population. Further experimental studies are needed to clarify these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Yu Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei City 237, Taiwan;
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Health, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan;
| | - Ching-Way Chen
- Department of Cardiology, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Yunlin 640, Taiwan;
| | - Chikang Wang
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Health, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan;
| | - Fung-Chang Sung
- Department of Health Services Administration, China Medical University College of Public Health, Taichung 404, Taiwan;
- Department of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Chen Su
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
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Li X, Shen Y, Lang B, Zhao J, Wang H, Zhang Y. Influence of octylphenol on gene expression of gonadotropins and their receptors, testicular structure and mating behavior of male Rana chensinensis. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 87:103694. [PMID: 34153509 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2021.103694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, responses of the Chinese brown frog (Rana chensinensis) to exposure to different doses and duration of Octyphenol (OP) which degraded from alkylphenol ethoxylates (APEs) were characterized during the adult periods. The effects of OP on growth, development and reproduction and the expression of genes in gonad were investigated. The expression levels of fshβ, lhβ, fshr and lhr had significant differences as the exposure time increased. The pathological and morphological changes were also observed in the OP treatments. Furthermore, the number of TUNEL positive cells and the TUNEL index was elevated after exposed to OP. Besides that, OP treatment could influence its mating behavior and reduce the fertilization rates. Taken together, these results indicated that OP disrupt sex steroid signaling, normal development of spermatogenesis, courtship behavior of male frogs and decline fertilization rate in R. chensinensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Li
- College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Yujia Shen
- College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Baiyan Lang
- College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Jingjing Zhao
- College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Hongyuan Wang
- College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Yuhui Zhang
- College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China.
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Kim K, Kwak MK, Bae GD, Park EY, Baek DJ, Kim CY, Jang SE, Jun HS, Oh YS. Allomyrina dichotoma larva extract attenuates free fatty acid-induced lipotoxicity in pancreatic beta cells. Nutr Res Pract 2021; 15:294-308. [PMID: 34093971 PMCID: PMC8155218 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2021.15.3.294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUD/OBJECTIVES Allomyrina dichotoma larva (ADL), one of the many edible insects recognized as future food resources, has a range of pharmacological activities. In a previous study, an ADL extract (ADLE) reduced the hepatic insulin resistance of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced diabetic mice. On the other hand, the associated molecular mechanisms underlying pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction remain unclear. This study examined the effects of ADLE on palmitate-induced lipotoxicity in a beta cell line of a rat origin, INS-1 cells. MATERIALS/METHODS ADLE was administered to high-fat diet treated mice. The expression of apoptosis-related molecules was measured by Western blotting, and reactive oxidative stress generation and nitric oxide production were measured by DCH-DA fluorescence and a Griess assay, respectively. RESULTS The administration of ADLE to HFD-induced diabetic mice reduced the hyperplasia, 4-hydroxynonenal levels, and the number of apoptotic cells while improving the insulin levels compared to the HFD group. Treatment of INS-1 cells with palmitate reduced insulin secretion, which was attenuated by the ADLE treatment. Furthermore, the ADLE treatment prevented palmitate-induced cell death in INS-1 cells and isolated islets by reducing the apoptotic signaling molecules, including cleaved caspase-3 and PARP, and the Bax/Bcl2 ratio. ADLE also reduced the levels of reactive oxygen species generation, lipid accumulation, and nitrite production in palmitate-treated INS-1 cells while increasing the ATP levels. This effect corresponded to the decreased expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA and protein. CONCLUSIONS ADLE helps prevent lipotoxic beta-cell death in INS-1 cells and HFD-diabetic mice, suggesting that ADLE can be used to prevent or treat beta-cell damage in glucose intolerance during the development of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyong Kim
- Department of Food Nutrition, College of Bio Convergence, Eulji University, Seongnam 13135, Korea
| | - Min-Kyu Kwak
- Department of Food Nutrition, College of Bio Convergence, Eulji University, Seongnam 13135, Korea
| | - Gong-Deuk Bae
- Institute of Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes, Department of Molecular Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Korea
| | - Eun-Young Park
- College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Korea
| | - Dong-Jae Baek
- College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Korea
| | - Chul-Young Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Korea
| | - Se-Eun Jang
- Department of Food Nutrition, College of Bio Convergence, Eulji University, Seongnam 13135, Korea
| | - Hee-Sook Jun
- College of Pharmacy and Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Korea
| | - Yoon Sin Oh
- Department of Food Nutrition, College of Bio Convergence, Eulji University, Seongnam 13135, Korea
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Intermolecular interactions and charge density distribution of endocrine-disrupting molecules (xenoestrogens) with ERα: QM/MM perspective. Struct Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-019-01452-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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5
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Zhang M, Park HJ, Seo SA, Seo HR, Song H. Evaluation of toxicity of 4-octylphenol in TM4 Sertoli cells: an in vitro study. Toxicol Mech Methods 2019; 29:623-631. [DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2019.1646368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingtian Zhang
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Park
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Ah Seo
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Ryoung Seo
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuk Song
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lin CY, Hwang YT, Chen PC, Sung FC, Su TC. Association of serum levels of 4-tertiary-octylphenol with cardiovascular risk factors and carotid intima-media thickness in adolescents and young adults. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 246:107-113. [PMID: 30529934 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.11.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In the family of alkylphenolic compounds, 4-tertiary-Octylphenol (4-t-OP) is extensively used in many products. In animal and in vitro studies, 4-t-OP exposure has been linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors; however, there are no previous human epidemiological studies. In this study, 886 subjects were recruited from a cohort of Taiwanese adolescents and young adults to study the relationship between serum levels of 4-t-OP, CVD risk factors, and common carotid artery intima-media thickness (CIMT). The geometric mean (SD) 4-t-OP concentration was 32.52 (1.71) ng/mL. We found that serum levels of 4-t-OP were negatively associated with markers of glucose homeostasis (insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function (HOMA-β)), z score of body mass index (BMI z score) and CIMT but were positively associated with lipid profiles (high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), Apolipoprotein A1). A one-unit elevation in natural log-transformed 4-t-OP (ng/mL) was negatively correlated with CIMT (mm) (β = -0.029, SE = 0.003, P < 0.001) in multiple linear regression analyses. The relationship between 4-t-OP and CIMT remained the same in all subgroups or if bisphenol A (BPA) was considered a covariate. In this study, we observed that higher levels of 4-t-OP levels were negatively correlated with markers of glucose homeostasis, BMI z score, and CIMT; positively correlated with lipid profiles (HDL-C and apolipoprotein A) in this cohort. Future research on exposure to 4-t-OP and CVD risk factors is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Yu Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei City, 237, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 242, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Hwang
- Department of Statistics, National Taipei University, New Taipei City, 237, Taiwan
| | - Pau-Chung Chen
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10020, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10020, Taiwan; Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 10002, Taiwan
| | - Fung-Chang Sung
- Department of Health Services Administration, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Chen Su
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10020, Taiwan; Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 10002, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiovascular Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 10002, Taiwan.
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7
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Kotula-Balak M, Milon A, Pawlicki P, Opydo-Chanek M, Pacwa A, Lesniak K, Sekula M, Zarzycka M, Bubka M, Tworzydlo W, Bilinska B, Hejmej A. Insights into the role of estrogen-related receptors α, β and γ in tumor Leydig cells. Tissue Cell 2018; 52:78-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2018.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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8
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Joshi D, Singh SK. The neuropeptide orexin A - search for its possible role in regulation of steroidogenesis in adult mice testes. Andrology 2018; 6:465-477. [DOI: 10.1111/andr.12475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Joshi
- Department of Zoology; Institute of Science; Banaras Hindu University; Varanasi India
| | - S. K. Singh
- Department of Zoology; Institute of Science; Banaras Hindu University; Varanasi India
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Sarkar D, Singh SK. Effect of neonatal hypothyroidism on prepubertal mouse testis in relation to thyroid hormone receptor alpha 1 (THRα1). Gen Comp Endocrinol 2017; 251:109-120. [PMID: 27519547 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2016.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid hormones (THs) are important for growth and development of many tissues, and altered thyroid status affects various organs and systems. Testis also is considered as a thyroid hormone responsive organ. Though THs play an important role in regulation of testicular steroidogenesis and spermatogenesis, the exact mechanism of this regulation remains poorly understood. The present study, therefore, is designed to examine the effect of neonatal hypothyroidism on prepubertal Parkes (P) strain mice testis in relation to thyroid hormone receptor alpha 1 (THRα1). Hypothyroidism was induced by administration of 6-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU) in mother's drinking water from birth to day 28; on postnatal day (PND) 21 only pups, and on PND 28, both pups and lactating dams were euthanized. Serum T3 and T4 were markedly reduced in pups at PND 28 and in lactating mothers, while serum and intra-testicular testosterone levels were considerably decreased in pups of both age groups. Further, serum and intra-testicular levels of estrogen were significantly increased in hypothyroid mice at PND 28 with concomitant increase in CYP19 expression. Histologically, marked changes were noticed in testes of PTU-treated mice; immunohistochemical and western blot analyses of testes in treated mice also revealed marked decrease in the expression of THRα1 at both age groups. Semiquantitative RT-PCR and western blot analyses also showed reductions in both testicular mRNA and protein levels of SF-1, StAR, CYP11A1 and 3β-HSD in these mice. In conclusion, our results suggest that neonatal hypothyroidism alters localization and expression of THRα1 and impairs testicular steroidogenesis by down-regulating the expression SF-1, thereby affecting spermatogenesis in prepubertal mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debarshi Sarkar
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Shio Kumar Singh
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
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10
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Sheikh IA, Tayubi IA, Ahmad E, Ganaie MA, Bajouh OS, AlBasri SF, Abdulkarim IMJ, Beg MA. Computational insights into the molecular interactions of environmental xenoestrogens 4-tert-octylphenol, 4-nonylphenol, bisphenol A (BPA), and BPA metabolite, 4-methyl-2, 4-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) pent-1-ene (MBP) with human sex hormone-binding globulin. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 135:284-291. [PMID: 27750096 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Environmental contamination has been one of the major drawbacks of the industrial revolution. Several man-made chemicals are constantly released into the environment during the manufacturing process and by leaching from the industrial products. As a result, human and animal populations are exposed to these synthetic chemicals on a regular basis. Many of these chemicals have adverse effects on the physiological functions, particularly on the hormone systems in human and animals and are called endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Bisphenol A (BPA), 4-tert-octylphenol (OP), and 4-nonylphenol (NP) are three high volume production EDCs that are widely used for industrial purposes and are present ubiquitously in the environment. Bisphenol A is metabolized in the human body to a more potent compound (MBP: 4-Methyl-2, 4-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) pent-1-ene). Epidemiological and experimental studies have shown the three EDCs to be associated with adverse effects on reproductive system in human and animals. Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) is a circulatory protein that binds sex steroids and is a potential target for endocrine disruptors in the human body. The current study was done in order to understand the binding mechanism of OP, BPA, NP, and MBP with human SHBG using in silico approaches. All four compounds showed high binding affinity with SHBG, however, the binding affinity values were higher (more negative) for MBP and NP than for OP and BPA. The four ligands interacted with 19-23 residues of SHBG and a consistent overlapping of the interacting residues for the four ligands with the residues for the natural ligand, dihydrotestosterone (DHT; 82-91% commonality) was shown. The overlapping SHBG interacting residues among DHT and the four endocrine disruptors suggested that these compounds have potential for interference and disruption in the steroid binding function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishfaq A Sheikh
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Iftikhar A Tayubi
- Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ejaz Ahmad
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Majid A Ganaie
- College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama S Bajouh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Samera F AlBasri
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibtihal M J Abdulkarim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd A Beg
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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Li X, Liu J, Zhang Y. Octylphenol induced gene expression in testes of Frog, Rana chensinensis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2016; 128:75-82. [PMID: 26896894 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Octylphenol (OP) is an endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC), which can disrupt the reproductive system. To understand the effect of OP, a subtractive cDNA library was constructed using suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) to identify alterations of gene transcription in the testes of the frog Rana chensinensis after OP exposure. Two hundred positive clones were selected and 134 sequences of gene fragments were produced from the subtractive library randomly. These genes were identified to be involved in metabolic process, cellular process, biological regulation, stimulus, immune system and female pregnancy process. In order to verify the efficiency of the subtractive cDNA library, PSG9 and PAPP-A were analyzed further as two representatives of differentially expressed transcription genes using semi-quantitative RT-PCR. Our result was the first successful construction of the subtractive cDNA library in frog testes after OP treatment. Based on this cDNA library, OP was shown to affect multiple physiological processes including inducing immune response, disrupting the steroid hormone synthesis and influencing spermatogenesis in the testis by up-regulation of specific genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Li
- Co-Innovation Center for Qinba Regions'Sustainable Development, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Co-Innovation Center for Qinba Regions'Sustainable Development, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, China
| | - Yuhui Zhang
- Co-Innovation Center for Qinba Regions'Sustainable Development, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, China.
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Han J, Won EJ, Kim HS, Nelson DR, Lee SJ, Park HG, Lee JS. Identification of the Full 46 Cytochrome P450 (CYP) Complement and Modulation of CYP Expression in Response to Water-Accommodated Fractions of Crude Oil in the Cyclopoid Copepod Paracyclopina nana. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2015; 49:6982-92. [PMID: 25942333 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b01244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The 46 cytochrome P450 (CYP) gene superfamily was identified in the marine copepod Paracyclopina nana after searching an RNA-seq database and comparing it with other copepod CYP gene families. To annotate the 46 Pn-CYP genes, a phylogenetic analysis of CYP genes was performed using a Bayesian method. Pn-CYP genes were separated into five different clans: CYP2, CYP3, CYP20, CYP26, and mitochondrial. Among these, the principal Pn-CYP genes involved in detoxification were identified by comparing them with those of the copepod Tigriopus japonicus and were examined with respect to their responses to exposure to a water-accommodated fraction (WAF) of crude oil and to the alkylated forms of two polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs; phenanthrene and fluorene). The expression of two Pn-CYP3027 genes (CYP3027F1 and CYP3027F2) was increased in response to WAF exposure and also was upregulated in response to the two alkylated PAHs. In particular, Pn-CYP3027F2 showed the most notable increase in response to 80% WAF exposure. These two responsive CYP genes (Pn-CYP3027F1 and CYP3027F2) were also phylogenetically clustered into the same clade of the WAF- and alkylated PAH-specific CYP genes of the copepod T. japonicus, suggesting that these CYP genes would be those chiefly involved in detoxification in response to WAF exposure in copepods. In this paper, we provide information on the copepod P. nana CYP gene superfamily and also speculate on its potential role in the detoxification of PAHs in marine copepods. Despite the nonlethality of WAF, Pn-CYP3027F2 was rapidly and significantly upregulated in response to WAF that may serve as a useful biomarker of 40% or higher concentration of WAF exposure. This paper will be helpful to better understand the molecular mechanistic events underlying the metabolism of environmental toxicants in copepods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghoon Han
- †Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 440-746, South Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Won
- †Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 440-746, South Korea
| | - Hui-Su Kim
- †Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 440-746, South Korea
| | - David R Nelson
- ‡Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
| | - Su-Jae Lee
- §Department of Life Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, South Korea
| | - Heum Gi Park
- ∥Department of Marine Resource Development, College of Life Sciences, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Gangwon-do 210-702, South Korea
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- †Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 440-746, South Korea
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Reprogramming of Sertoli cells to fetal-like Leydig cells by Wt1 ablation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:4003-8. [PMID: 25775596 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1422371112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sertoli and Leydig cells, the two major somatic cell types in the testis, have different morphologies and functions. Both are essential for gonad development and spermatogenesis. However, whether these cells are derived from the same progenitor cells and the mechanism regulating the differentiation between these two cell types during gonad development remains unclear. A previous study showed that overactivation of Ctnnb1 (cadherin-associated protein, beta 1) in Sertoli cells resulted in Sertoli cell tumors. Surprisingly, in the present study, we found that simultaneous deletion of Wilms' Tumor Gene 1 (Wt1) and overactivation of Ctnnb1 in Sertoli cells led to Leydig cell-like tumor development. Lineage tracing experiments revealed that the Leydig-like tumor cells were derived from Sertoli cells. Further studies confirmed that Wt1 is required for the maintenance of the Sertoli cell lineage and that deletion of Wt1 resulted in the reprogramming of Sertoli cells to Leydig cells. Consistent with this interpretation, overexpression of Wt1 in Leydig cells led to the up-regulation of Sertoli cell-specific gene expression and the down-regulation of steroidogenic gene expression. These results demonstrate that the distinction between Sertoli cells and Leydig cells is regulated by Wt1, implying that these two cell types most likely originate from the same progenitor cells. This study thus provides a novel concept for somatic cell fate determination in testis development that may also represent an etiology of male infertility in human patients.
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Shenoy K. Prenatal exposure to low doses of atrazine affects mating behaviors in male guppies. Horm Behav 2014; 66:439-48. [PMID: 25014197 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2014.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Revised: 06/27/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Performing appropriate mating behaviors is crucial to male reproductive success, especially in species where mating is predominantly via female mate choice. Mating behaviors are hormonally regulated and may be sexually selected traits: courtship displays are selected via mate choice, while forced copulations and aggressive behaviors are selected for via intrasexual competition. Endocrine disrupting compounds interfere with proper hormonal functioning in exposed animals. Exposures during developmentally crucial life stages can have irreversible effects lasting through adulthood. I tested the effects of prenatal exposure to environmentally relevant doses of a commonly used herbicide, atrazine (1 and 13.5μg/L) on mating behaviors in male guppies. Guppies were used as a model organism to test the effects of atrazine exposure on wildlife reproductive health. Adult female guppies were mated and exposed to the treatments throughout the gestation period, and offspring born to them were raised without further treatment. At adulthood, the males were tested for the effects of prenatal exposure on their mating behaviors such as courtship displays, gonopodium swings, forced copulatory attempts, and competitive and aggressive behaviors towards rivals who were not exposed to atrazine. I also tested female preference for treated males compared to control males. Atrazine-exposed males were less likely to perform the mating behaviors, and performed them less frequently, than control males. Atrazine exposure also made males less aggressive towards rivals. Females preferred untreated males over atrazine-treated males. In all cases, a non-monotonic pattern was seen, highlighting the significance of low-dose exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kausalya Shenoy
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, 101 Morgan Building, Lexington, KY 40506, USA.
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15
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Kotula-Balak M, Chojnacka K, Hejmej A, Galas J, Satola M, Bilinska B. Does 4-tert-octylphenol affect estrogen signaling pathways in bank vole Leydig cells and tumor mouse Leydig cells in vitro? Reprod Toxicol 2013; 39:6-16. [PMID: 23557686 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2013.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2012] [Revised: 02/21/2013] [Accepted: 03/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Primary Leydig cells obtained from bank vole testes and the established tumor Leydig cell line (MA-10) have been used to explore the effects of 4-tert-octylphenol (OP). Leydig cells were treated with two concentrations of OP (10(-4) M, 10(-8) M) alone or concomitantly with anti-estrogen ICI 182,780 (1 μM). In OP-treated bank vole Leydig cells, inhomogeneous staining of estrogen receptor α (ERα) within cell nuclei was found, whereas it was of various intensity among MA-10 Leydig cells. The expression of ERα mRNA and protein decreased in both primary and immortalized Leydig cells independently of OP dose. ICI partially reversed these effects at mRNA level while at protein level abrogation was found only in vole cells. Dissimilar action of OP on cAMP and androgen production was also observed. This study provides further evidence that OP shows estrogenic properties acting on Leydig cells. However, its effect is diverse depending on the cellular origin.
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16
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Qin Y, Chen M, Wu W, Xu B, Tang R, Chen X, Du G, Lu C, Meeker JD, Zhou Z, Xia Y, Wang X. Interactions between urinary 4-tert-octylphenol levels and metabolism enzyme gene variants on idiopathic male infertility. PLoS One 2013; 8:e59398. [PMID: 23555028 PMCID: PMC3598701 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0059398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2012] [Accepted: 02/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Octylphenol (OP) and Trichlorophenol (TCP) act as endocrine disruptors and have effects on male reproductive function. We studied the interactions between 4-tert-Octylphenol (4-t-OP), 4-n- Octylphenol (4-n-OP), 2,3,4-Trichlorophenol (2,3,4-TCP), 2,4,5-Trichlorophenol (2,4,5-TCP) urinary exposure levels and polymorphisms in selected xenobiotic metabolism enzyme genes among 589 idiopathic male infertile patients and 396 controls in a Han-Chinese population. Ultra high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) was used to measure alkylphenols and chlorophenols in urine. Polymorphisms were genotyped using the SNPstream platform and the Taqman method. Among four phenols that were detected, we found that only exposure to 4-t-OP increased the risk of male infertility (P(trend) = 1.70×10(-7)). The strongest interaction was between 4-t-OP and rs4918758 in CYP2C9 (P(inter) = 6.05×10(-7)). It presented a significant monotonic increase in risk estimates for male infertility with increasing 4-t-OP exposure levels among men with TC/CC genotype (low level compared with non-exposed, odds ratio (OR) = 2.26, 95% confidence intervals (CI) = 1.06, 4.83; high level compared with non-exposed, OR = 9.22, 95% CI = 2.78, 30.59), but no associations observed among men with TT genotype. We also found interactions between 4-t-OP and rs4986894 in CYP2C19, and between rs1048943 in CYP1A1, on male infertile risk (P(inter) = 8.09×10(-7), P(inter) = 3.73×10(-4), respectively).We observed notable interactions between 4-t-OP exposure and metabolism enzyme gene polymorphisms on idiopathic infertility in Han-Chinese men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Minjian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaojiao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guizhen Du
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chuncheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - John D. Meeker
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Zuomin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yankai Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- * E-mail: (YX); (XW)
| | - Xinru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- * E-mail: (YX); (XW)
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Vandenberg LN, Colborn T, Hayes TB, Heindel JJ, Jacobs DR, Lee DH, Myers JP, Shioda T, Soto AM, vom Saal FS, Welshons WV, Zoeller RT. Regulatory decisions on endocrine disrupting chemicals should be based on the principles of endocrinology. Reprod Toxicol 2013; 38:1-15. [PMID: 23411111 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2013.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2012] [Revised: 01/18/2013] [Accepted: 02/01/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
For years, scientists from various disciplines have studied the effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) on the health and wellbeing of humans and wildlife. Some studies have specifically focused on the effects of low doses, i.e. those in the range that are thought to be safe for humans and/or animals. Others have focused on the existence of non-monotonic dose-response curves. These concepts challenge the way that chemical risk assessment is performed for EDCs. Continued discussions have clarified exactly what controversies and challenges remain. We address several of these issues, including why the study and regulation of EDCs should incorporate endocrine principles; what level of consensus there is for low dose effects; challenges to our understanding of non-monotonicity; and whether EDCs have been demonstrated to produce adverse effects. This discussion should result in a better understanding of these issues, and allow for additional dialog on their impact on risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura N Vandenberg
- Center for Regenerative & Developmental Biology, and Department of Biology, Tufts University, Medford, MA, United States.
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18
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Hejmej A, Kotula-Balak M, Chojnacka K, Kuras P, Lydka-Zarzycka M, Bilinska B. Photoperiod-Dependent Effects of 4-tert-Octylphenol on Adherens and Gap Junction Proteins in Bank Vole Seminiferous Tubules. Int J Endocrinol 2013; 2013:134589. [PMID: 23737770 PMCID: PMC3666197 DOI: 10.1155/2013/134589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2012] [Revised: 04/02/2013] [Accepted: 04/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study we evaluated in vivo and in vitro effects of 4-tert-octylphenol (OP) on the expression and distribution of adherens and gap junction proteins, N-cadherin, β -catenin, and connexin 43 (Cx43), in testes of seasonally breeding rodents, bank voles. We found that in bank vole testes expression and distribution of N-cadherin, β -catenin, and Cx43 were photoperiod dependent. Long-term treatment with OP (200 mg/kg b.w.) resulted in the reduction of junction proteins expressions (P < 0.05, P < 0.01) and their delocalization in the testes of males kept in long photoperiod, whereas in short-day animals slight increase of Cx43 (P < 0.05), N-cadherin, and β -catenin (statistically nonsignificant) levels was observed. Effects of OP appeared to be independent of FSH and were maintained during in vitro organ culture, indicating that OP acts directly on adherens and gap junction proteins in the testes. An experiment performed using an antiestrogen ICI 182,780 demonstrated that the biological effects of OP on β -catenin and Cx43 involve an estrogen receptor-mediated response. Taken together, in bank vole organization of adherens and gap junctions and their susceptibility to OP are related to the length of photoperiod. Alterations in cadherin/catenin and Cx43-based junction may partially result from activation of estrogen receptor α and/or β signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Hejmej
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
- *Anna Hejmej:
| | - Malgorzata Kotula-Balak
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Chojnacka
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Paulina Kuras
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Marta Lydka-Zarzycka
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Barbara Bilinska
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
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19
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Shenoy K. Environmentally realistic exposure to the herbicide atrazine alters some sexually selected traits in male guppies. PLoS One 2012; 7:e30611. [PMID: 22312428 PMCID: PMC3270011 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0030611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2011] [Accepted: 12/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Male mating signals, including ornaments and courtship displays, and other sexually selected traits, like male-male aggression, are largely controlled by sex hormones. Environmental pollutants, notably endocrine disrupting compounds, can interfere with the proper functioning of hormones, thereby impacting the expression of hormonally regulated traits. Atrazine, one of the most widely used herbicides, can alter sex hormone levels in exposed animals. I tested the effects of environmentally relevant atrazine exposures on mating signals and behaviors in male guppies, a sexually dimorphic freshwater fish. Prolonged atrazine exposure reduced the expression of two honest signals: the area of orange spots (ornaments) and the number of courtship displays performed. Atrazine exposure also reduced aggression towards competing males in the context of mate competition. In the wild, exposure levels vary among individuals because of differential distribution of the pollutants across habitats; hence, differently impacted males often compete for the same mates. Disrupted mating signals can reduce reproductive success as females avoid mating with perceptibly suboptimal males. Less aggressive males are at a competitive disadvantage and lose access to females. This study highlights the effects of atrazine on ecologically relevant mating signals and behaviors in exposed wildlife. Altered reproductive traits have important implications for population dynamics, evolutionary patterns, and conservation of wildlife species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kausalya Shenoy
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America.
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20
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Wu J, Wang X, Ying F, Hu G, Wang X, Li D, Yu H, Han X. In vitro assessment of reproductive toxicity on rats induced by organic contaminants of source water. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2011; 74:1756-1764. [PMID: 21496922 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2011.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2010] [Revised: 03/19/2011] [Accepted: 03/21/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The safety of drinking water attracts more and more attention these years. This study focused on the reproductive toxicity of source water in Jiangsu Province, China. The organic contaminants of source water are capable of bioaccumulating and cause health effects on human beings. The toxicological tests on Spermatogenic cells, Sertoli cells and Leydig cells of male rats showed that source water extracts can reduce testicular cells membrane integrity and depress cell viability significantly. Among these testicular cells, Leydig cells are most sensitive to organic contaminants and the testosterone secretion of Leydig cells is evidently disturbed correspondingly. The phenols in the source water may be chiefly responsible for the reproductive toxicity. These data indicated that chronic reproductive toxicity of source water cannot be overlooked and action should be taken to protect human health from the threat of organic pollution of source water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Wu
- Immunology and Reproductive Biology Laboratory, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
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21
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Kotula-Balak M, Pochec E, Hejmej A, Duda M, Bilinska B. Octylphenol affects morphology and steroidogenesis in mouse tumor Leydig cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2011; 25:1018-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2011.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2010] [Revised: 03/25/2011] [Accepted: 03/28/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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The multi-faceted influences of estrogen on lymphocytes: toward novel immuno-interventions strategies for autoimmunity management. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2011; 40:16-26. [PMID: 19943123 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-009-8188-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Early studies of the immune system disclosed that, generally, females exhibit stronger responses to a variety of antigens than males. Perhaps as a result of this response, women are more prone to developing autoimmune diseases than men. Yet, the precise cellular and molecular mechanisms remain under investigation. Recently, interferon-gamma and the related pro-inflammatory interleukin-12 were found to be under effects of sex steroid hormones, with potential implications in regulating immune cells and autoimmune responses. In B lymphocytes, functional binding sites for estrogen receptors were identified in the promoter of the gene encoding activation-induced deaminase, an enzyme required for somatic hypermutation, and class-switch recombination. The observation that estrogen exerts direct impacts on antibody affinity-maturation provides a potential mechanism that could account for generating pathogenic high-affinity auto-antibodies. Further deciphering the multi-faceted influences of sex hormones on the responsiveness of immune cells could lead to novel therapeutic interventions for autoimmunity management.
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23
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Embryonic exposure to octylphenol induces changes in testosterone levels and disrupts reproductive efficiency in rats at their adulthood. Food Chem Toxicol 2011; 49:983-90. [PMID: 21219960 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2011.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2010] [Revised: 12/01/2010] [Accepted: 01/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of prenatal exposure to octylphenol (OP) at the dose of 50mg/kg body weight on days 1, 7 and 14 of pregnancy on reproductive health of male rats at adulthood. F1 male rats from control and OP exposed animals were weaned and maintained up to postnatal day (PND) 100. The indices of testis, epididymis and seminal vesicles were significantly decreased in male rats exposed to OP during embryonic development when compared with controls. Significant reduction in the epididymal sperm count, viable sperms and motile sperms and number of tail coiled sperms (HOS-test) were observed in experimental rats when compared to control rats. The levels of serum testosterone and also activity levels of testicular hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases were significantly decreased with a significant increase in the serum follicle stimulating and leutinizing hormones in experimental rats. Furthermore, embryonic exposure to OP caused significant down regulation of StAR, 3ß hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and 17ß hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase mRNAs in testis of adult rats as compared to control rats. The results of fertility studies revealed that there was an increase in the mating index in experimental rats with an increase in the pre- and post-implantation losses in rats cohabited with treated animals indicating poor male reproductive performance.
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Effects of 4-tert-octylphenol on the testes and seminal vesicles in adult male bank voles. Reprod Toxicol 2011; 31:95-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2010.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2010] [Revised: 05/19/2010] [Accepted: 08/21/2010] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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25
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Shenoy K, Crowley PH. Endocrine disruption of male mating signals: ecological and evolutionary implications. Funct Ecol 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2435.2010.01787.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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26
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Kim SK, Kim JH, Han JH, Yoon YD. Inhibitory effect of tributyltin on expression of steroidogenic enzymes in mouse testis. Int J Toxicol 2008; 27:175-82. [PMID: 18404541 DOI: 10.1080/10915810801977906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Tributyltin (TBT) is known to disrupt the development of reproductive organs, thereby reducing fertility. The aim of this study was to evaluate the acute toxicity of TBT on the testicular development and steroid hormone production. Immature (3-week-old) male mice were given a single administration of 25, 50, or 100 mg/kg of TBT by oral gavage. Lumen formation in seminiferous tubule was remarkably delayed, and the number of apoptotic germ cells found inside the tubules was increased in the TBT-exposed animals, whereas no apoptotic signal was observed in interstitial Leydig cells. Reduced serum testosterone concentration and down-regulated expressions of the mRNAs for cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme (P450scc), 17alpha -hydroxylase/C(17-20) lyase (P450(17alpha)), 3beta -hydroxysteroid-dehydrogenase (3beta -HSD), and 17beta -hydroxysteroid-dehydrogenase (17beta -HSD) were also observed after TBT exposure. Altogether, these findings demonstrate that exposure to TBT is associated with induced apoptosis of testicular germ cells and inhibition of steroidogenesis by reduction in the expression of steroidogenic enzymes in interstitial Leydig cells. These adverse effects of TBT would cause serious defects in testicular development and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suel-Kee Kim
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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