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Rotimi SO, Adelani IB, Bankole GE, Rotimi OA. Naringin enhances reverse cholesterol transport in high fat/low streptozocin induced diabetic rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 101:430-437. [PMID: 29501765 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.02.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Naringin, a citrus-derived flavonoid with antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic, and antioxidant properties, is reported to be a useful nutraceutical in the management of diabetes and its complications. This study investigated the mechanism of antiatherogenic properties of naringin in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) using high fat-low streptozocin rat model of T2DM. Rats were treated daily with 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg naringin orally for 21days. Levels of biomarkers of T2DM, lipid profile and activity of paraoxonase (PON) were assayed spectrophotometrically. The levels of expression of hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase (Hmgcr), scavenger receptor class B member 1 (Scarb1), aryl hydrocarbon receptor (Ahr), hepatic Lipase (Lipc), and lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (Lcat) were assessed using relative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction technique. Naringin treatment resulted in a dose-dependent significant (p < 0.05) decrease in the levels of plasma cholesterol and triglyceride from 84.84 ± 1.62 to 55.59 ± 1.50 mg/dL and 123.03 ± 15.11 to 55.00 ± 0.86 mg/dL, respectively, at 200 mg/kg naringin. In the liver, Scarb1 and Ahr were significantly (p < 0.05) upregulated at 200 mg/kg naringin while Lipc and Lcat were significantly (p < 0.05) upregulated by 50 mg/kg naringin. T2DM-induced decrease in PON activities in the plasma, liver and HDL was significantly (p < 0.05) reversed by 200 mg/kg naringin treatment. These genes play critical roles in reverse cholesterol transport and hence our results showed that the antiatherogenic property of naringin in T2DM involves enhancement of reverse cholesterol transport and PON activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solomon Oladapo Rotimi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research Laboratory, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria.
| | - Isaacson Bababode Adelani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research Laboratory, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
| | - Goodness Esther Bankole
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research Laboratory, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
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Afolabi OK, Wusu AD, Ogunrinola OO, Abam EO, Babayemi DO, Dosumu OA, Onunkwor OB, Balogun EA, Odukoya OO, Ademuyiwa O. Arsenic-induced dyslipidemia in male albino rats: comparison between trivalent and pentavalent inorganic arsenic in drinking water. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2015; 16:15. [PMID: 26044777 PMCID: PMC4455335 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-015-0015-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recent epidemiological evidences indicate close association between inorganic arsenic exposure via drinking water and cardiovascular diseases. However, the exact mechanism of this arsenic-mediated increase in cardiovascular risk factors remains enigmatic. Methods In order to investigate the effects of inorganic arsenic exposure on lipid metabolism, male albino rats were exposed to 50, 100 and 150 ppm arsenic as sodium arsenite and 100, 150 and 200 ppm arsenic as sodium arsenate respectively in their drinking water for 12 weeks. Results Dyslipidemia induced by the two arsenicals exhibited different patterns. Hypocholesterolemia characterised the effect of arsenite at all the doses, but arsenate induced hypercholesterolemia at the 150 ppm As dose. Hypertriglyceridemia was the hallmark of arsenate effect whereas plasma free fatty acids (FFAs) was increased by the two arsenicals. Reverse cholesterol transport was inhibited by the two arsenicals as evidenced by decreased HDL cholesterol concentrations whereas hepatic cholesterol was increased by arsenite (100 ppm As), but decreased by arsenite (150 ppm As) and arsenate (100 ppm As) respectively. Brain cholesterol and triglyceride were decreased by the two arsenicals; arsenate decreased the renal content of cholesterol, but increased renal content of triglyceride. Arsenite, on the other hand, increased the renal contents of the two lipids. The two arsenicals induced phospholipidosis in the spleen. Arsenite (150 ppm As) and arsenate (100 ppm As) inhibited hepatic HMG CoA reductase. At other doses of the two arsenicals, hepatic activity of the enzyme was up-regulated. The two arsenicals however up-regulated the activity of the brain enzyme. We observed positive associations between tissue arsenic levels and plasma FFA and negative associations between tissue arsenic levels and HDL cholesterol. Conclusion Our findings indicate that even though sub-chronic exposure to arsenite and arsenate through drinking water produced different patterns of dyslipidemia, our study identified two common denominators of dyslipidemia namely: inhibition of reverse cholesterol transport and increase in plasma FFA. These two denominators (in addition to other individual perturbations of lipid metabolism induced by each arsenical), suggest that in contrast to strengthening a dose-dependent effect phenomenon, the two forms of inorganic arsenic induced lipotoxic and non-lipotoxic dyslipidemia at “low” or “medium” doses and these might be responsible for the cardiovascular and other disease endpoints of inorganic arsenic exposure through drinking water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olusegun K Afolabi
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria. .,Department of Biochemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomosho, Nigeria.
| | - Adedoja D Wusu
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria. .,Department of Biochemistry, Lagos State University, Ojoo, Lagos, Nigeria.
| | - Olabisi O Ogunrinola
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria. .,Department of Biochemistry, Lagos State University, Ojoo, Lagos, Nigeria.
| | - Esther O Abam
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria. .,Biochemistry Unit, Department of Chemical Sciences, Bells University of Technology, Ota, Nigeria.
| | - David O Babayemi
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria.
| | - Oluwatosin A Dosumu
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria.
| | - Okechukwu B Onunkwor
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria.
| | - Elizabeth A Balogun
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria. .,Department of Biochemistry, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.
| | - Olusegun O Odukoya
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria.
| | - Oladipo Ademuyiwa
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria.
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Rotimi SO, Ojo DA, Talabi OA, Ugbaja RN, Balogun EA, Ademuyiwa O. Amoxillin- and pefloxacin-induced cholesterogenesis and phospholipidosis in rat tissues. Lipids Health Dis 2015; 14:13. [PMID: 25879817 PMCID: PMC4339583 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-015-0011-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate whether amoxillin and pefloxacin perturb lipid metabolism. METHODS Rats were treated with therapeutic doses of each antibiotic for 5 and 10 days respectively. Twenty four hours after the last antibiotic treatment and 5 days after antibiotic withdrawal, blood and other tissues (liver, kidney, brain, heart and spleen) were removed from the animals after an overnight fast and analysed for their lipid contents. RESULTS Both antibiotics produced various degrees of compartment-specific dyslipidemia in the animals. While plasma and erythrocyte dyslipidemia was characterised by up-regulation of the concentrations of the major lipids (cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids and free fatty acids), hepatic and renal dyslipidemia was characterised by cholesterogenesis and phospholipidosis. Splenic dyslipidemia was characterised by cholesterogenesis and decreased phospholipid levels. Cardiac and brain cholesterol contents were not affected by the antibiotics. A transient phospholipidosis was observed in the brain whereas cardiac phospholipids decreased significantly. Lipoprotein abnormalities were reflected as down-regulation of HDL cholesterol. Furthermore, the two antibiotics increased the activity of hepatic HMG-CoA reductase. Although erythrocyte phospholipidosis was resolved 5 days after withdrawing the antibiotics, dyslipidemia observed in other compartments was still not reversible. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that induction of cholesterogenesis and phospholipidosis might represent additional adverse effects of amoxillin and pefloxacin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solomon O Rotimi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria.
| | - David A Ojo
- Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria.
| | - Olusola A Talabi
- Medical Centre, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria.
| | - Regina N Ugbaja
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria.
| | - Elizabeth A Balogun
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria.
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.
| | - Oladipo Ademuyiwa
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria.
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