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Johannesson L, Testa G, Borries TM, Wall A, Ma TW, Eagle EA, Jain A, Taylor SD, dePrisco G, Gregg AR. Doppler Flow Indices and Prediction of Embryo Transfer Success and Pregnancy Outcome in Uterus Transplant Recipients. Am J Perinatol 2024; 41:e1264-e1272. [PMID: 36608701 DOI: 10.1055/a-2008-8361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Doppler velocimetry of the uterine and umbilical arteries is used to predict preeclampsia and monitor fetal outcomes. There have been no reports of Doppler velocimetry indices in pregnancies conceived after uterus transplantation, which differ from traditional pregnancies because of different uterine vascular inflow and outflow and exposure to immunosuppressive agents. We sought to examine whether Doppler indices can be used to predict embryo transfer success after uterus transplantation and whether Doppler indices across pregnancy predict fetal growth restriction. STUDY DESIGN This was a single-center cohort observational study of 14 uterus transplant recipients who underwent embryo transfer. Of these, 12 women successfully delivered 14 babies. Five Doppler investigations were performed within the cohort: (1) prepregnancy; (2) uterine artery assessment across pregnancy; (3) umbilical artery assessment across pregnancy; (4) successive pregnancies; and (5) fetal growth. RESULTS Prepregnancy uterine artery Doppler indices did not correlate with successful implantation after embryo transfer. Uterine artery Doppler indices in uterus transplant recipients decreased across pregnancy as described in pregnancies without uterus transplantation. The umbilical artery systolic/diastolic velocity ratio was lower at all weeks of gestation after uterus transplantation compared with values described in pregnancies without uterus transplantation. In those women who delivered two successive babies after uterus transplant, umbilical artery Doppler indices were significantly lower during the second pregnancy. There was always forward flow throughout diastole in the umbilical arteries, and no babies experienced fetal growth restriction. CONCLUSION In our study, uterus transplantation was not associated with abnormal blood flow indices in either the uterine or umbilical arteries. Although Doppler indices were not predictive of embryo transfer success, they supported the expectation that pregnancies after uterus transplantation at our center result in normally grown babies. KEY POINTS · Uterus transplantation is not associated with abnormal blood flow indices.. · Prepregnancy uterine artery Doppler indices did not correlate with successful embryo implantation.. · Doppler assessment supports the expectation of normal placentation, fetal growth, and healthy live births after uterus transplantation..
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Affiliation(s)
- Liza Johannesson
- Baylor Annette C. and Harold C. Simmons Transplant Institute, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Giuliano Testa
- Baylor Annette C. and Harold C. Simmons Transplant Institute, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Trevor M Borries
- Baylor Annette C. and Harold C. Simmons Transplant Institute, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Anji Wall
- Baylor Annette C. and Harold C. Simmons Transplant Institute, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Tsung-Wei Ma
- Baylor Annette C. and Harold C. Simmons Transplant Institute, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Elizabeth A Eagle
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Akshaya Jain
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Sherri D Taylor
- Department of Radiology, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Gregory dePrisco
- Department of Radiology, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Anthony R Gregg
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Prisma Health, Columbia, South Carolina
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Dal Y, Akkuş F, Karagün Ş, Nessar AZ, Karaca SG, Coşkun A. The role of second trimester uterine artery Doppler in predicting obstetric and neonatal outcomes in abnormal first trimester maternal serum pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A and free β-human chorionic gonadotropin values. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ULTRASOUND : JCU 2024; 52:394-404. [PMID: 38353146 DOI: 10.1002/jcu.23644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
AIM This study aims to determine whether second-trimester uterine artery (UtA) Doppler combined with first-trimester abnormal pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) and β-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-Hcg) levels predicts adverse obstetric and neonatal outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study of 289 pregnant women included 196 with normal PAPP-A and free β-HCG values (control group) and 93 with abnormal values (study group) in the first-trimester screening test. Second-trimester UtA Doppler sonography was done in these pregnancies. The perinatal prediction and screening potential of UtA Doppler pulsatility index (PI) parameters were examined in the study group. RESULTS UtA PI >95 percentile increased birth before the 37th week by 4.46 times, birth before the 34th week by 7.44 times, preeclampsia risk by 3.25 times, fetal growth restriction (FGR) risk by 4.89 times, and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission rates by 3.66 times in the study group (p < 0.05 for all). UtA PI >95 percentile had 49.2% sensitivity and 82.1% specificity for birth before 37 weeks. For birth before 34 weeks, sensitivity was 80.0% and specificity 65.0%. FGR has 70.5% sensitivity and 67.1% specificity. Screening for preeclampsia has 66.6% sensitivity and 61.9% specificity. CONCLUSION Adding UtA Doppler in the second trimester to pregnancies with abnormal PAPP-A and/or free β-Hcg values in the first trimester may be a useful screening method for adverse outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuf Dal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Perinatology, Mersin University Faculty of Medicine, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Fatih Akkuş
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Perinatology, Necmettin Erbakan University Meram Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Turkey
| | - Şebnem Karagün
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Perinatology, Mersin University Faculty of Medicine, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Zeki Nessar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Perinatology, Mersin University Faculty of Medicine, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Sefanur Gamze Karaca
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Perinatology, Mersin University Faculty of Medicine, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Ayhan Coşkun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Perinatology, Mersin University Faculty of Medicine, Mersin, Turkey
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Dixit S, Dixit NA, Rawat A, Bajpai A, Alelyani M, Sabah ZU, Raghuwanshi S. Color Doppler ultrasound in high-low risk pregnancies and its relationship to fetal outcomes: a cross-sectional study. Front Pediatr 2024; 11:1221766. [PMID: 38444769 PMCID: PMC10912586 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1221766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To calculate the multivessel color Doppler indices in high-risk and low-risk pregnancies and relate these to fetal outcomes. Methods The investigation involved 60 patients who were pregnant. The patients were separated into groups according to assessment of low and high risk. The patients underwent color Doppler ultrasonography to detect the maternal and fetal blood vessels, and the measured Doppler indices were then analyzed for any association with fetal outcomes. Results The gestational stages (in weeks) of the participants at the respective times of investigation and delivery were 32.06 ± 2.98 and 36.2 ± 1.78 in the low-risk group and 29.21 ± 1.95 and 29.83 ± 1.86 in the high-risk group. The pulsatility index (PI), resistive index (RI), and systolic/diastolic ratio (SD) decreased with gestation length in the low-risk group, whereas in the high-risk group, these values increased in the uterine and umbilical arteries. With increased gestational stage, MCA-PSV (peak systolic velocity) in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) increased, while PI decreased. Pulsatile and reversal flow of the uterine vein, the vein of Galen, and the umbilical vein were noted in high-risk pregnancies, and these negatively affected the fetal outcome. The fetal venous parameters were more specific and sensitive for predicting an unfavorable fetal outcome than the arterial factors, with a greater negative predictive value. Conclusion The results of our study indicate that abnormal Doppler indices of the blood vessels in high-risk pregnant patients will result in adverse clinical outcomes. Therefore, the patients can be monitored and managed accordingly using Doppler ultrasonography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snehil Dixit
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nitin Arun Dixit
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, King George Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Anil Rawat
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, King George Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Akanksha Bajpai
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Career Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Magbool Alelyani
- Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zia Ul Sabah
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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de Ganzo Suárez T, de Paco Matallana C, Plasencia W. Spiral, uterine artery doppler and placental ultrasound in relation to preeclampsia. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2024; 92:102426. [PMID: 38039843 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2023.102426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a multiorgan disorder that complicates around 2-8% of pregnancies and is a major cause of perinatal and maternal morbidity and mortality. PE is a clinical syndrome characterized by hypertension secondary to systemic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and syncytiotrophoblast stress leading to hypertension and multiorgan dysfunction. The uterine arteries are the main blood vessels that supply blood to the uterus. They give off branches and plays an important role in maintaining blood supply during pregnancy. The arcuate artery originates from the uterine artery and runs medially through the myometrium. The arcuate arteries divide almost directly into anterior and posterior branches, from which the radial artery leads directly to the uterine cavity during their course. Near the endometrium-myometrium junction, the radial artery generates spiral arteries within the basal layer and functional endometrium. The walls of radial and spiral arteries are rich in smooth muscle, which is lost when trophoblast cells invade and become large-caliber vessels. This physiological transformation of uteroplacental spiral arteries is critical for successful placental implantation and normal placental function. In normal pregnancy, the luminal diameter of the spiral arteries is greatly increased, and the vascular smooth muscle is replaced by trophoblast cells. This process and changes in the spiral arteries are called spiral artery remodeling. In PE, this genetically and immunologically governed process is deficient and therefore there is decreased vascular capacitance and increased resistance in the uteroplacental circulation. Furthermore, this defect in uteroplacental spiral artery remodeling is not only associated with early onset PE, but also with fetal growth restriction, placental abruption, and spontaneous premature rupture of membranes. Doppler ultrasound allows non-invasive assessment of placentation, while the flow impedance decreases as the pregnancy progresses in normal pregnancies, in those destined to develop preeclampsia the impedance is increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania de Ganzo Suárez
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain.
| | - Catalina de Paco Matallana
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, El Palmar, Murcia, Spain; Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, El Palmar, Murcia, Spain; Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Walter Plasencia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Canarias, Tenerife. Canary Islands, Spain.
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Liu Y, Xie Z, Huang Y, Lu X, Yin F. Uterine arteries pulsatility index by Doppler ultrasound in the prediction of preeclampsia: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2024; 309:427-437. [PMID: 37217697 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-023-07044-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preeclampsia is a common pregnancy complication with serious potential risks for maternal and neonatal health. Early prediction of preeclampsia is crucial for timely prevention, surveillance, and treatment to improve maternal and neonatal outcomes. This systematic review aimed to summarize the available evidence on the prediction of preeclampsia based on Doppler ultrasound of uterine arteries at different gestational ages. METHODS A systematic literature search and meta-analysis were conducted to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the pulsatility index of Doppler ultrasound of uterine arteries for predicting preeclampsia. The timing of ultrasound scans within and beyond 20 weeks of gestational age was compared to assess its effect on the sensitivity and specificity of the pulsatility index. RESULTS This meta-analysis included 27 studies and 81,673 subjects (3309 preeclampsia patients and 78,364 controls). The pulsatility index had moderate sensitivity (0.586) and high specificity for predicting preeclampsia (0.879) (summary point: sensitivity 0.59; 1-specificity 0.12). Subgroup analysis revealed that ultrasound scans performed within 20 weeks of gestational age did not significantly affect the sensitivity and specificity for predicting preeclampsia. The summary receiver operator characteristic curve showed the pulsatility index's optimal range of sensitivity and specificity. CONCLUSIONS The uterine arteries pulsatility index measured by Doppler ultrasound is useful and effective for predicting preeclampsia and should be implemented in the clinical practice. The timing of ultrasound scans at different gestational age ranges does not significantly affect the sensitivity and specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- B Ultrasonic room, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang City, 222006, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zilu Xie
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Jing men no. 2 People's Hospital, Jingmen City, 448000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yong Huang
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Jiangjin Central Hospital, Chongqing, 402260, China
| | - Xin Lu
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an City, 721000, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Fengling Yin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 199 Jiefang South Road, Quanshan District, Xuzhou City, 221000, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Zhi R, Tao X, Li Q, Yu M, Li H. Association between transabdominal uterine artery Doppler and small-for-gestational-age: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2023; 23:659. [PMID: 37704965 PMCID: PMC10500919 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-023-05968-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between uterine artery Doppler (UtA) measurements and small for gestational age (SGA) has not been quantitatively analyzed throughout the whole pregnancy. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to comprehensively explore the association between UtA measurements and SGA in the first, second, and third trimesters. METHODS Studies were searched from Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. Weighted mean difference (WMD), odds ratio (OR), and relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were used as the effect size. Heterogeneity of all effect sizes was tested and quantified using I2 statistics. Sensitivity analysis was conducted for all outcomes, and publication bias was evaluated using Begg's test. RESULTS A total of 41 studies were finally included in our meta-analysis. In the first trimester, mean PI was significantly higher in the SGA group than the non-SGA group (WMD: 0.31, 95%CI: 0.19-0.44). In the second trimester, odds of notch presence (OR: 2.54, 95%CI: 2.10-3.08), mean PI (WMD: 0.21, 95%CI: 0.12-0.30), and mean RI (WMD: 0.05, 95%CI: 0.05-0.06) were higher in the SGA group. Also, abnormal UtA measurements were associated with the increased odds of SGA (all P < 0.05). In the third trimester, PI z-score (WMD: 0.62, 95%CI: 0.33-0.91) and PI MoM (WMD: 0.08, 95%CI: 0.06-0.09) showed a significant increase in the SGA group. The odds of SGA were higher in the women with mean PI > 95% (OR: 6.03, 95%CI: 3.24-11.24). CONCLUSIONS Abnormal UtA measurements were associated with high odds of SGA, suggesting that UtA might be an adjunctive screening method for SGA in the whole pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijuan Zhi
- Department of Ultrasound, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, No.6 Zhenhua East Road, Haizhou District, Lianyungang, 222061, P.R. China
| | - Xiangping Tao
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Lianyungang Oriental Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Lianyungang, 222000, P.R. China
| | - Qingtao Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, 222061, P.R. China
| | - Ming Yu
- Department of Ultrasound, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, No.6 Zhenhua East Road, Haizhou District, Lianyungang, 222061, P.R. China
| | - Honge Li
- Department of Ultrasound, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, No.6 Zhenhua East Road, Haizhou District, Lianyungang, 222061, P.R. China.
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Baghel A, Patekar TY, Choorakuttil RM, Sharma LK, Satarkar SR, Gupta A, Aneja K, Dhankhar S, Chhajer G, Dwivedi S, Jain M, Shentar S, Nirmalan PK. A Comparison of Changes in the Mean Arterial Blood Pressure and Mean Uterine Artery Pulsatility Index from 11-14 to 19-24 + 6 Gestation Weeks in Low-Risk and High-Risk Asian Indian Pregnant Women. Indian J Radiol Imaging 2023; 33:195-200. [PMID: 37123569 PMCID: PMC10132865 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1761250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim The aim of this study was to determine the changes in the mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and mean uterine artery (UtA) pulsatility index (PI) from 11-14 to 19-24 + 6 gestation weeks in Asian Indian pregnant women. Methods Clinical and demographic details, MAP, and mean UtA PI measures were ascertained for pregnant women at 11 to 14 gestation weeks and 19-24 + 6 gestation weeks. Women were categorized as a high-or-low risk for preterm preeclampsia using the Fetal Medicine Foundation algorithm and 1 in 150 cutoff. High-risk pregnant women were recommended low-dose aspirin 150 mg daily at bedtime. Changes in MAP and mean UtA PI were compared for gestational age intervals and high-and-low risk women using nonparametric tests. Results The study analyzed the results of 1,163 pregnant women. Both MAP (mean difference: 5.14, p < 0.001) and mean UtA PI (mean difference: 0.14, p < 0.001) remained significantly higher at the second-trimester assessment in high-risk pregnant women compared to low-risk pregnant women. Seventy-seven (35.16%) of the 219 pregnant women with abnormal mean UtA PI in the first trimester had an abnormal mean UtA PI in the second-trimester assessment. One hundred (10.59%) of the 944 pregnant women with normal mean UtA PI in the first trimester had an abnormal mean UtA PI in the 19-24 + 6 weeks assessment. Seventy-seven pregnant women (6.62% of 1,163 women, 95% confidence interval: 5.33, 8.20) had an abnormal mean UtA PI at both gestation age intervals. High-risk pregnant women taking low-dose aspirin daily showed a larger reduction in mean UtA PI compared to high-risk pregnant women that did not report the use of low-dose aspirin (0.89 vs. 0.62, p <0.001) Conclusion MAP and mean UtA PI decreased significantly from the first to the second trimester of pregnancy. Sequential assessment of the MAP and mean UtA PI in the first and second trimesters of pregnancy will be useful for fetal radiologists in India to identify a subgroup of women with abnormal mean UtA PI at both trimesters that may need more intense surveillance and follow-up till childbirth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha Baghel
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Baghel Sonography Center, Harda, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Tejashree Y. Patekar
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Innovision Sonography and Imaging Center, Gangapur, Nashik, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rijo M. Choorakuttil
- Department of Clinical Radiology, AMMA Center for Diagnosis and Preventive Medicine Pvt Ltd, Kochi, Kerala, India
- Address for correspondence Rijo M Choorakuttil, MD AMMA Center for Diagnosis and Preventive Medicine Pvt LtdKochi 682036, KeralaIndia
| | - Lalit K. Sharma
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Raj Sonography & X-Ray Clinic, Guna, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Shilpa R. Satarkar
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Antarang Sonography and Colour Doppler Center, Satarkar Hospital, Tilaknagar, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
| | - Anjali Gupta
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Anjali Ultrasound and Colour Doppler Centre, Shanti Madhuban Plaza, Delhi Gate, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kavita Aneja
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Images Ultrasound Center, Naveda Healthcare Centre, Rohini, New Delhi, India
| | - Sandhya Dhankhar
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Faith Diagnostic Center, Chandigarh, India
| | - Gulab Chhajer
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Kushal Imaging & Diagnostic Center, Pali, Rajasthan, India
| | - Somya Dwivedi
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Qura Diagnostics & Research Center, Janki Nagar, Kolar Road, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Mansi Jain
- Department of Clinical Radiology, IRIS Imaging Centre, Shahpura, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Srinivas Shentar
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Delta Diagnostic Services, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Praveen K. Nirmalan
- Department of Research, AMMA Healthcare Research Gurukul, AMMA Center for Diagnosis and Preventive Medicine Pvt Ltd, Kochi, Kerala, India
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Sedaghati F, Gleason RL. A mathematical model of vascular and hemodynamics changes in early and late forms of preeclampsia. Physiol Rep 2023; 11:e15661. [PMID: 37186372 PMCID: PMC10132946 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia-eclampsia syndrome is a leading cause of maternal mortality. The precise etiology of preeclampsia is still not well-defined and different forms exist, including early and late forms or preeclampsia, which may arise via distinctly different mechanisms. Low-dose aspirin administered at the end of the first trimester in women identified as high risk has been shown to reduce the incidence of early, but not late, preeclampsia; however, current risk factors show only fair predictive capability. There is a pressing need to develop accurate descriptions for the different forms of preeclampsia. This paper presents 1D fluid, solid, growth, and remodeling models for pregnancies complicated with early and late forms of preeclampsia. Simulations affirm a broad set of literature results that early forms of preeclampsia are characterized by elevated uterine artery pulsatility index (UA-PI) and total peripheral resistance (TPR) and lower cardiac output (CO), with modestly increased mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) in the first half of pregnancy, with elevation of TPR and MAP beginning at 20 weeks. Conversely, late forms of preeclampsia are characterized by only slightly elevated UA-PI and normal pre-term TPR, and slightly elevated MAP and CO throughout pregnancy, with increased TPR and MAP beginning after 34 weeks. Results suggest that preexisting arterial stiffness may be elevated in women that develop both early forms and late forms of preeclampsia; however, data that verify these results are lacking in the literature. Pulse wave velocity increases in early- and late-preeclampsia, coincident with increases in blood pressure; however, these increases are mainly due to the strain-stiffening response of larger arteries, rather than arterial remodeling-derived changes in material properties. These simulations affirm that early forms of preeclampsia may be associated with abnormal placentation, whereas late forms may be more closely associated with preexisting maternal cardiovascular factors; simulations also highlight several critical gaps in available data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farbod Sedaghati
- The George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical EngineeringGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Rudolph L. Gleason
- The George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical EngineeringGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical EngineeringGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
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Cavoretto PI, Salmeri N, Candiani M, Farina A. Reference ranges of uterine artery pulsatility index from first to third trimester based on serial Doppler measurements: longitudinal cohort study. ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2023; 61:474-480. [PMID: 36206548 DOI: 10.1002/uog.26092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To provide gestational-age (GA)-specific reference ranges for mean uterine artery (UtA) pulsatility index (PI) based on longitudinal data assessment throughout pregnancy. METHODS This was a prospective longitudinal cohort study of singleton low-risk pregnancies with adequate health and nutritional status at the time of enrolment and without fetal anomaly, receiving prenatal care between January 2018 and July 2021 at the Maternal Fetal Medicine Unit of IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy. Women were recruited at ≤ 12 + 6 weeks' gestation and underwent serial standardized ultrasound monitoring, including UtA-PI measurement, by experienced certified operators until delivery. Association of UtA-PI with GA was modeled with fractional polynomial regression. Equations for mean ± SD of the estimated curves were calculated, as well as GA-specific reference charts of centiles for UtA-PI from 10 + 0 to 39 + 0 gestational weeks. RESULTS We included 476 healthy, low-risk pregnant women and a total of 2045 ultrasound scans (median, 4 (range, 3-9) per patient) were available for analysis. Mean UtA-PI was 1.84 ± 0.55, 1.07 ± 0.38 and 0.78 ± 0.23 in the first, second and third trimesters of pregnancy, respectively. Goodness-of-fit assessment revealed that second-degree smoothing was the most accurate fractional polynomial for describing the course of UtA-PI throughout gestation; therefore, it was modeled in a multilevel framework for the construction of UtA-PI curves. We observed a rapid and substantial decrease in mean UtA-PI before 16 weeks, with subsequent smoother decrement of the slope and more stable values from 20 until 39 weeks. The 3rd , 5th , 10th , 25th , 50th , 75th , 90th , 95th and 97th centiles according to GA for UtA-PI are provided, as well as equations to allow calculation of any value as a centile. CONCLUSIONS UtA-PI shows a progressive non-linear decrease throughout pregnancy. The new reference ranges for GA-specific mean UtA-PI constructed using rigorous methodology may have a better performance compared with previous models for screening for placenta-associated diseases in the early stages of pregnancy and for evaluating the potential risk for pregnancy-induced hypertension and/or small-for-gestational age later in pregnancy. © 2022 The Authors. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- P I Cavoretto
- Gynecology and Obstetrics Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - N Salmeri
- Gynecology and Obstetrics Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - M Candiani
- Gynecology and Obstetrics Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - A Farina
- Division of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, Department of Medicine and Surgery (DIMEC), IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero - Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Choorakuttil RM, Nirmalan PK. Comparison of the Mean Uterine Artery Pulsatility Index Global Reference with an Asian Indian Population of Pregnant Women in the Samrakshan Program—Differences and Implications. Indian J Radiol Imaging 2022; 32:435-437. [PMID: 36177294 PMCID: PMC9514907 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1754346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Praveen K Nirmalan
- AMMA Education and Research Foundation, AMMA Healthcare Research Gurukul, Kochi, Kerala, India
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11
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Lawrence DJ, Bayer CL. Photoacoustic imaging provides an in vivo assessment of the preeclamptic placenta remodeling and function in response to therapy. Placenta 2022; 126:46-53. [PMID: 35764022 PMCID: PMC10236486 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2022.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is a lack of effective therapeutic interventions for preeclampsia. A central factor in the etiology of the disease is the development of placental hypoxia due to abnormal vascular remodeling. However, methods to assess the impact of potential therapies on placental growth and remodeling are currently lacking. Here, we develop and validate ultrasound-guided photoacoustic imaging methods to monitor the placental response to therapeutic intervention. Establishing non-invasive tools to image placental function opens up previously unachievable understandings of placental therapeutic response. METHODS Studies were performed in the reduced uterine perfusion pressure (RUPP) rat model of preeclampsia. Preclinical research has identified tempol, a superoxide dismutase mimetic, and the phosphodiesterase inhibitor sildenafil as potential therapeutics for preeclampsia, as both improve in vivo maternal outcomes. PA images of the placental environment were acquired in RUPP rats receiving tempol (n = 8) or sildenafil (n = 8) to assess the longitudinal effects of treatment on placental oxygenation and vascular remodeling. Imaging measurements were validated with ex vivo histological analysis. RESULTS Spectral photoacoustic imaging non-invasively measured placental hypoxia and impaired vascular growth two days after the RUPP procedure was implemented. Sildenafil significantly improved (p < 0.05) placental oxygenation and promoted vascular remodeling in RUPP animals, while RUPP animals treated with tempol had a diminished placental therapeutic response. DISCUSSION We demonstrate that photoacoustic imaging provides in vivo measures of placental oxygenation and vascular remodeling, a previously unobtainable assessment of preeclamptic therapeutic response. These imaging tools have tremendous potential to accelerate the search for effective therapies for preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan J Lawrence
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, 500 Lindy Boggs Center, New Orleans, LA, 70118, USA
| | - Carolyn L Bayer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, 500 Lindy Boggs Center, New Orleans, LA, 70118, USA.
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12
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Tian Y, Yang X. A Review of Roles of Uterine Artery Doppler in Pregnancy Complications. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:813343. [PMID: 35308523 PMCID: PMC8927888 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.813343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The invasion of trophoblasts into the uterine decidua and decidual vessels is critical for the formation of placenta. The defects of placentation are related to the etiologies of preeclampsia (PE), fetal growth restriction (FGR), and small-for-gestational age (SGA) neonates. It is possible to predict significant vascular events during pregnancy through uterine artery Doppler (UAD). From the implantation stage to the end of pregnancy, detecting changes in uterine and placental blood vessels can provide a favorable diagnostic instrument for pregnancy complications. This review aims to collect literature about the roles of UAD in pregnancy complications. We consider all relevant articles in English from January 1, 1983 to October 30, 2021. Predicting pregnancy complications in advance allows practitioners to carry out timely interventions to avoid or lessen the harm to mothers and neonates. Administering low-dose aspirin daily before 16 weeks of pregnancy can significantly reduce the incidence of pregnancy complications. From early pregnancy to late pregnancy, UAD can combine with other maternal factors, biochemical indicators, and fetal measurement data to identify high-risk population. The identification of high-risk groups can also lessen maternal mortality. Besides, through moderate risk stratification, stringent monitoring for high-risk pregnant women can be implemented, decreasing the incidence of adversities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Tian
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiuhua Yang
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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13
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Das E, Singh V, Agrawal S, Pati SK. Prediction of Preeclampsia Using First-Trimester Uterine Artery Doppler and Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A (PAPP-A): A Prospective Study in Chhattisgarh, India. Cureus 2022; 14:e22026. [PMID: 35340517 PMCID: PMC8913542 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.22026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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14
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A mathematical model of maternal vascular growth and remodeling and changes in maternal hemodynamics in uncomplicated pregnancy. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2022; 21:647-669. [PMID: 35112224 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-021-01555-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The maternal vasculature undergoes tremendous growth and remodeling (G&R) that enables a > 15-fold increase in blood flow through the uterine vasculature from conception to term. Hemodynamic metrics (e.g., uterine artery pulsatility index, UA-PI) are useful for the prognosis of pregnancy complications; however, improved characterization of the maternal hemodynamics is necessary to improve prognosis. The goal of this paper is to develop a mathematical framework to characterize maternal vascular G&R and hemodynamics in uncomplicated human pregnancies. A validated 1D model of the human vascular tree from the literature was adapted and inlet blood flow waveforms at the ascending aorta at 4 week increments from 0 to 40 weeks of gestation were prescribed. Peripheral resistances of each terminal vessel were adjusted to achieve target flow rates and mean arterial pressure at each gestational age. Vessel growth was governed by wall shear stress (and axial lengthening in uterine vessels), and changes in vessel distensibility were related to vessel growth. Uterine artery velocity waveforms generated from this model closely resembled ultrasound results from the literature. The literature UA-PI values changed significantly across gestation, increasing in the first month of gestation, then dramatically decreasing from 4 to 20 weeks. Our results captured well the time-course of vessel geometry, material properties, and UA-PI. This 1D fluid-G&R model captured the salient hemodynamic features across a broad range of clinical reports and across gestation for uncomplicated human pregnancy. While results capture available data well, this study highlights significant gaps in available data required to better understand vascular remodeling in pregnancy.
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15
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Carson J, Warrander L, Johnstone E, van Loon R. Personalising cardiovascular network models in pregnancy: A two-tiered parameter estimation approach. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2021; 37:e3267. [PMID: 31799783 PMCID: PMC9286682 DOI: 10.1002/cnm.3267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Uterine artery Doppler waveforms are often studied to determine whether a patient is at risk of developing pathologies such as pre-eclampsia. Many uterine waveform indices have been developed, which attempt to relate characteristics of the waveform with the physiological adaptation of the maternal cardiovascular system, and are often suggested to be an indicator of increased placenta resistance and arterial stiffness. Doppler waveforms of four patients, two of whom developed pre-eclampsia, are compared with a comprehensive closed-loop model of pregnancy. The closed-loop model has been previously validated but has been extended to include an improved parameter estimation technique that utilises systolic and diastolic blood pressure, cardiac output, heart rate, and pulse wave velocity measurements to adapt model resistances, compliances, blood volume, and the mean vessel areas in the main systemic arteries. The shape of the model-predicted uterine artery velocity waveforms showed good agreement with the characteristics observed in the patient Doppler waveforms. The personalised models obtained now allow a prediction of the uterine pressure waveforms in addition to the uterine velocity. This allows for a more detailed mechanistic analysis of the waveforms, eg, wave intensity analysis, to study existing clinical indices. The findings indicate that to accurately estimate arterial stiffness, both pulse pressure and pulse wave velocities are required. In addition, the results predict that patients who developed pre-eclampsia later in pregnancy have larger vessel areas in the main systemic arteries compared with the two patients who had normal pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Carson
- Zienkiewicz Centre for Computational Engineering, College of EngineeringSwansea UniversitySwanseaUK
- Data Science Building, Swansea University Medical SchoolSwansea UniversitySwanseaUK
- HDR UK Wales and Northern IrelandHealth Data Research UKLondonUK
| | - Lynne Warrander
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Division of Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine Biology and HealthUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - Edward Johnstone
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Division of Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine Biology and HealthUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - Raoul van Loon
- Zienkiewicz Centre for Computational Engineering, College of EngineeringSwansea UniversitySwanseaUK
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16
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Khanam Z, Mittal P, Suri J. Does the Addition of Serum PAPP-A and β-hCG Improve the Predictive Value of Uterine Artery Pulsatility Index for Preeclampsia at 11-14 Weeks of Gestation? A Prospective Observational Study. J Obstet Gynaecol India 2021; 71:226-234. [PMID: 34408341 DOI: 10.1007/s13224-020-01420-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose of Study To study the role of uterine artery Doppler pulsatility index (UtA-PI), serum pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) and free beta human chorionic gonadotropin (fβ-hCG) levels, individually and in combination with each other, at 11-14 weeks of gestation for prediction of preeclampsia (PE). Methods In a prospective observational study, a total of 100 low-risk gravid females were recruited at 11-14-weeks of gestation. UtA-PI, PAPP-A and fβ-hCG levels were estimated. These women were followed up until delivery for the development of PE and gestational hypertension (GH). Results The best individual marker for screening PE and GH was UtA-PI with ROC AUC (± standard error) = 0.934 ± 0.028, p < 0.0001. UtA-PI at a cutoff value of ≥ 2.8 (95th percentile) had 77.8% sensitivity, 98.9% specificity, 97.8% NPV and 87.5% PPV in detecting PE. PAPP-A (MoM) at a cutoff value of ≤ 0.27 (5th percentile) demonstrated 44.4% sensitivity, 95.6% specificity, 94.5% NPV and 50% PPV. fβ-hCG (MoM) at a cutoff value of ≤ 0.5 (5th percentile) had a specificity of 94.5%. Among the combined markers, UtA-PI along with PAPP-A estimation served best with a sensitivity and specificity of 44% and 100%, respectively. Addition of fβ-hCG to either UtA-PI or PAPP-A levels was not found sensitive for detecting PE but yielded 100% specificity and 96% NPV. Conclusion UtA-PI as a stand-alone test was found most useful for the prediction of PE. Addition of either or both of PAPP-A and fβ-hCG to UtA-PI did not improve the sensitivity of combined test with only a slight improvement in specificity and NPV. Their routine addition to UtA-PI studies is not recommended for prediction of PE at 11-14 weeks of gestation in low- and lower-middle-income countries (LMIC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeba Khanam
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Pratima Mittal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Jyotsna Suri
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
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17
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Guo J, Chaemsaithong P, Huang J, Chung JPW, Huang J, Poon LCY, Li TC. Comparison of uterine artery Doppler measurements at 6 weeks of pregnancy after IVF between pregnancies that resulted in miscarriage and ongoing pregnancies. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2020; 152:249-255. [PMID: 32920837 DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.13371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare uterine artery pulsatility index (UTPI) at 6 weeks of pregnancy following in vitro fertilization (IVF) and embryo transfer (ET) between clinical pregnancies that resulted in a miscarriage and those that were ongoing beyond 12 weeks. METHODS A prospective observational study was conducted in an IVF unit at Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, between December 1, 2017 and December 31, 2019. UTPI was measured at 6 weeks of pregnancy among women who conceived following IVF/ET. RESULTS Among 153 participants, 22 (14.4%) had a miscarriage whereas 131 (85.6%) had an ongoing pregnancy beyond 12 weeks. Median UTPI in pregnancies that ended in a miscarriage was significantly lower than those that progressed beyond 12 weeks (2.1, IQR 1.9-2.4 vs 2.50, IQR 2.2-2.9, respectively; P<0.001). The likelihood of the pregnancy ending in a miscarriage when the UTPI was above the 75th percentile (>2.9), between the 25th-75th percentiles (2.2-2.9), and below the 25th percentile (<2.2) was 0%, 13.2%, and 27.7%, respectively (P=0.001). CONCLUSIONS IVF pregnancies that resulted in a miscarriage were associated with reduced resistance to uterine artery blood flow at 6 weeks of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Assisted Reproductive Technology Unit, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternal Fetal Medicine Unit, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Piya Chaemsaithong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternal Fetal Medicine Unit, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jin Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Assisted Reproductive Technology Unit, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Jacqueline P W Chung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Assisted Reproductive Technology Unit, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Junhong Huang
- Department of Ultrasound, Hubei Women and Children's Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Liona C Y Poon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternal Fetal Medicine Unit, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tin Chiu Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Assisted Reproductive Technology Unit, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
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18
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Antunes IR, Lobo GAR, Araujo Júnior E, Pares DBDS. Predictive values of clinical parameters and biophysical and biochemical markers in the first trimester for the detection of small-for-gestational age fetuses. J Perinat Med 2020; 49:73-79. [PMID: 32866129 DOI: 10.1515/jpm-2020-0203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the predictive values of maternal characteristics, biophysical parameters (mean arterial pressure [MAP] and Doppler uterine artery measurements), and biochemical parameters (pregnancy-associated plasma protein A [PAPP-A] and placental growth factor [PlGF]) alone and in association for small-for-gestational age (SGA) fetuses. METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis of a prospective observational study that evaluated 615 pregnant women in the first trimester using ultrasonography. For all the women, information regarding clinical and obstetric histories, MAP, and uterine artery mean pulsatility index (UtA-PI), and blood samples for analysis of biochemical markers (PAPP-A and PlGF) were obtained. The patients were grouped according to birth weight as follows: group I (n=571), >10th percentile (control); group II (n=44), <10th percentile; and group III (n=34), <5th percentile. The predictive values of the variables for the detection of SGA fetuses were calculated using a logistic regression model and an analysis of the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC). RESULTS The sensitivity rates of the maternal characteristics, biophysical markers (MAP and UtA-PI), biochemical markers (PAPP-A and PlGF), and the association between them were: 23.3, 32.5, 25, and 30% respectively, at a false-positive (FP) rate of 10%, in group II and 26.5, 26.5, 23.5, and 23.5%, respectively, at a FP rate of 10% in group III. CONCLUSIONS The predictive performances of the combination of maternal characteristics and biophysical and biochemical parameters were unsatisfactory, with a slight improvement in the predictive capacity for SGA fetuses <10th percentile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Reali Antunes
- Department of Obstetrics, Paulista School of Medicine - Federal University of São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Antonio Rago Lobo
- Department of Obstetrics, Paulista School of Medicine - Federal University of São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Edward Araujo Júnior
- Department of Obstetrics, Paulista School of Medicine - Federal University of São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - David Baptista da Silva Pares
- Department of Obstetrics, Paulista School of Medicine - Federal University of São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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19
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Oancea M, Grigore M, Ciortea R, Diculescu D, Bodean D, Bucuri C, Strilciuc S, Rada M, Mihu D. Uterine Artery Doppler Ultrasonography for First Trimester Prediction of Preeclampsia in Individuals at Risk from Low-Resource Settings. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 56:medicina56090428. [PMID: 32858825 PMCID: PMC7558714 DOI: 10.3390/medicina56090428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Background and objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of first trimester uterine artery Doppler ultrasonography for the early prediction of preeclampsia (PE), in at-risk pregnant women. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective longitudinal study, including 120 Caucasian pregnant women with risk factors for PE. The potential of pulsatility indexes (PI) and notch was assessed as a tool for preeclampsia screening. Results: Doppler examination of the uterine artery performed early at 11-14 WA allows the detection of pregnancies that will develop PE with a sensitivity of 61.5% and a specificity of 63.8% based on PI analysis. Predictive power increases slightly by adding bilateral notch (sensitivity = 65.4%; specificity = 66%). Conclusions: Uterine artery Doppler examination is an effective non-invasive screening test for the development of PE in pregnancies at risk, particularly appropriate in health systems with limited means of evaluating other biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Oancea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.O.); (R.C.); (D.D.); (D.B.); (C.B.); (M.R.); (D.M.)
| | - Mihaela Grigore
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Grigore T Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-7-4437-4782
| | - Razvan Ciortea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.O.); (R.C.); (D.D.); (D.B.); (C.B.); (M.R.); (D.M.)
| | - Doru Diculescu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.O.); (R.C.); (D.D.); (D.B.); (C.B.); (M.R.); (D.M.)
| | - Diana Bodean
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.O.); (R.C.); (D.D.); (D.B.); (C.B.); (M.R.); (D.M.)
| | - Carmen Bucuri
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.O.); (R.C.); (D.D.); (D.B.); (C.B.); (M.R.); (D.M.)
| | - Stefan Strilciuc
- Department of Neurosciences, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- RoNeuro Institute for Neurological Research and Diagnostic, 400354 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Maria Rada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.O.); (R.C.); (D.D.); (D.B.); (C.B.); (M.R.); (D.M.)
| | - Dan Mihu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.O.); (R.C.); (D.D.); (D.B.); (C.B.); (M.R.); (D.M.)
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20
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Mendoza M, Tur H, Garcia-Manau P, Hurtado I, Serrano B, Lopez-Martinez RM, Castellote L, Martinez L, Bonacina E, Carreras E. Cut-off values for Gaussian first-trimester screening for early-onset preeclampsia with maternal history, biochemical markers and uterine artery Doppler. J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod 2020; 50:101827. [PMID: 32512213 DOI: 10.1016/j.jogoh.2020.101827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Several algorithms for first-trimester screening for preeclampsia are available; however, the Gaussian model algorithm is more likely to match the characteristics of different populations. It is recommended to validate a screening strategy before being implemented in clinical practice; unfortunately, the validation process might not be feasible in all settings. Thus, the aim of this study was to provide cut-off values for the Gaussian model for its use in clinical practice. MATERIAL AND METHODS This prospective cohort study was conducted at Vall d'Hebron University Hospital (Barcelona) from October 2015 to September 2017. A total of 2641 women with singleton pregnancies were recruited. Recorded at the first-trimester scan were demographic characteristics, maternal obstetric history, maternal history, uterine artery Doppler and arterial blood pressure. Serum concentrations of pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A and placental growth factor were assessed from the first-trimester blood test. Detection rates and cut-off values for fixed 5%, 10 %, 15 %, 20 %, 25 % and 30 % false-positive rates were calculated for all combinations of markers. RESULTS Ninety (3.41 %) of the 2641 women developed preeclampsia, which was early-onset in 11 (0.42 %). The cut-off values and their respective detection rates, for the screening of early-onset PE by all possible combinations of markers involved in this model, are provided. DISCUSSION When external validation of first-trimester screening for preeclampsia before its clinical implementation is not feasible, the cut-off values from the Gaussian model algorithm provided in this study could be used and median values corrected prospectively if necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manel Mendoza
- Department of Obstetrics, Maternal-Fetal Medicine Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron, 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Helena Tur
- Department of Obstetrics, Maternal-Fetal Medicine Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron, 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pablo Garcia-Manau
- Department of Obstetrics, Maternal-Fetal Medicine Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron, 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ivan Hurtado
- Department of Obstetrics, Maternal-Fetal Medicine Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron, 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Berta Serrano
- Department of Obstetrics, Maternal-Fetal Medicine Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron, 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa Maria Lopez-Martinez
- Biochemistry Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron, 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Castellote
- Biochemistry Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron, 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luisa Martinez
- Biochemistry Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron, 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Erika Bonacina
- Department of Obstetrics, Maternal-Fetal Medicine Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron, 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Carreras
- Department of Obstetrics, Maternal-Fetal Medicine Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron, 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
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21
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Serra B, Mendoza M, Scazzocchio E, Meler E, Nolla M, Sabrià E, Rodríguez I, Carreras E. A new model for screening for early-onset preeclampsia. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2020; 222:608.e1-608.e18. [PMID: 31972161 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2020.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early identification of women with an increased risk for preeclampsia is of utmost importance to minimize adverse perinatal events. Models developed until now (mainly multiparametric algorithms) are thought to be overfitted to the derivation population, which may affect their reliability when applied to other populations. Options allowing adaptation to a variety of populations are needed. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to assess the performance of a first-trimester multivariate Gaussian distribution model including maternal characteristics and biophysical/biochemical parameters for screening of early-onset preeclampsia (delivery <34 weeks of gestation) in a routine care low-risk setting. STUDY DESIGN Early-onset preeclampsia screening was undertaken in a prospective cohort of singleton pregnancies undergoing routine first-trimester screening (8 weeks 0/7 days to 13 weeks 6/7 days of gestation), mainly using a 2-step scheme, at 2 hospitals from March 2014 to September 2017. A multivariate Gaussian distribution model including maternal characteristics (a priori risk), serum pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A and placental growth factor assessed at 8 weeks 0/7 days to 13 weeks 6/7 days and mean arterial pressure and uterine artery pulsatility index measured at 11.0-13.6 weeks was used. RESULTS A total of 7908 pregnancies underwent examination, of which 6893 were included in the analysis. Incidence of global preeclampsia was 2.3% (n = 161), while of early-onset preeclampsia was 0.2% (n = 17). The combination of maternal characteristics, biophysical parameters, and placental growth factor showed the best detection rate, which was 59% for a 5% false-positive rate and 94% for a 10% false-positive rate (area under the curve, 0.96, 95% confidence interval, 0.94-0.98). The addition of placental growth factor to biophysical markers significantly improved the detection rate from 59% to 94%. CONCLUSION The multivariate Gaussian distribution model including maternal factors, early placental growth factor determination (at 8 weeks 0/7 days to 13 weeks 6/7 days), and biophysical variables (mean arterial pressure and uterine artery pulsatility index) at 11 weeks 0/7 days to 13 weeks 6/7 days is a feasible tool for early-onset preeclampsia screening in the routine care setting. Performance of this model should be compared with predicting models based on regression analysis.
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Wang W, Wang Y, Yuan T, Zhang H, Li C, Li X, Han Z. Nomogram-based prediction of pre-eclampsia in the first trimester of gestation. Pregnancy Hypertens 2020; 21:145-151. [PMID: 32526695 DOI: 10.1016/j.preghy.2020.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Pre-eclampsia is a specific disease during gestation without a clear etiology. The lack of effective forecasting and prevention methods threatens the safety of maternal and infant lives. STUDY DESIGN We prospectively evaluated 356 pregnancies in their first trimester at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University and followed up the whole gestation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Pre-eclampsia correlation parameters were subjected to dimensionality reduction analysis using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) method. RESULTS Of the 356 pregnancies, 25 developed pre-eclampsia during late gestation. Sonographic parameters of the placenta, uterine artery, and umbilical artery were calculated using LASSO regression analysis. Five factors (vascularization and blood flow index of the placenta, peak systolic velocity and peak systolic to end-diastolic artery ratio of the left uterine artery, and pulse index of the umbilical artery) were applied in a final nomogram model. The fitting curve was closely correlated with the actual situation, with a C-index of 0.877. CONCLUSIONS The nomogram described here could be used to predict the risk of pre-eclampsia in pregnant women and provide strong support for early intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Ting Yuan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Chunfang Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Xuelan Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Zhen Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China.
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He B, Hu C, Zhou Y. First-trimester screening for fetal growth restriction using Doppler color flow analysis of the uterine artery and serum PAPP-A levels in unselected pregnancies. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2020; 34:3857-3861. [PMID: 31928253 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2019.1701646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: To explore an early diagnostic model for fetal growth restriction (FGR) at 11-13 (+6 days) gestational weeks using Doppler analysis of the uterine artery and measurements of pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A).Methods: This was a prospective study which included 1796 singleton pregnant women, who received routine pregnancy examination at 11-13 (+6 days) gestational weeks in Shanghai Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital between 1 June 2017 and 31 July 2018. Uterine artery pulsatility index (PI), uterine resistance index (RI), and notching were recorded using the Doppler ultrasound detector (Voluson E8; GE Healthcare, Kretztechnik, Zipf, Austria). Maternal serum PAPP-A was assayed using time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay (Perkin-Elmer Life Sciences, Waltham, MA, USA) and analyzed using Fetal Medicine Foundation software. Maternal and neonatal outcomes were followed.Results: Out of 1796 pregnant women aged 18-42 years, 76 (4.2%) mothers had FGR fetus. In the FGR fetuses, the mean uterine artery PI and RI were higher, the PAPP-A levels were 0.42-fold lower (all p values < .05), and notching was 40% higher (p < .0001) than in non-FGR fetuses. The sensitivity and specificity of early diagnosis of FGR and the area under the curve for the combination of uterine artery PI and PAPP-A were 0.788 (95% CI: 0.735, 0.842), 0.816, and 0.758, respectively. A combination of PAPP-A and Doppler analysis of uterine artery was better than individual measurements for predicting FGR (all p values < .05), and the specificity was significantly improved after including serum PAPP-A.Conclusion: The combination of uterine artery PI and PAPP-A measured at 11-13 (+6 days) gestational weeks provides a sensitive and specific predictor for early diagnosis of FGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biyuan He
- Medical Imaging Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Function Department, Shanghai Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunhong Hu
- Medical Imaging Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yuqing Zhou
- Function Department, Shanghai Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Kongwattanakul K, Chaiyarach S, Hayakangchat S, Thepsuthammarat K. The Transverse versus the Sagittal Approach in First-Trimester Uterine Artery Doppler Measurement. Int J Womens Health 2019; 11:629-635. [PMID: 31849538 PMCID: PMC6910102 DOI: 10.2147/ijwh.s228619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The uterine artery pulsatility index (UtA-PI) is an important marker for predicting and assessing the risk of various complications such as pre-eclampsia and fetal growth restriction. The measurement of UtA-PI in the first trimester is usually conducted via the sagittal approach. The aim of this study was to evaluate UtA Doppler measurement using the transverse approach in the first trimester. Methods This was a prospective observational study of 50 women with singleton pregnancy at between 11-13+6 weeks of gestation. Uterine artery (UtA) Doppler variables were measured using both the transverse and sagittal approach. The two approaches were compared in terms of time required to complete the measurements and early diastolic notch. The sample t-test and Wilcoxon rank sign test were used to analyze the outcomes when appropriate. Bland-Altman plots were used to determine the agreement between the two approaches. A P-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Intra-class correlation (ICC) was used to evaluate the reliability of measurements. Results There were a total of 50 pregnant women who participated in the study and completed the study protocol. The mean age of all subjects was 29.6 years, and 24 (48%) were nulliparous. We observed no difference in terms of mean UtA-PI between the two approaches (sagittal: 2.04, transverse: 2.03; mean difference 0.01, CI -0.01, 0.04; p>0.309), nor in the means of any other UtA variables. However, there were differences between the two approaches in terms of early diastolic notch (sagittal: 11, transverse: 13; p>0.999) and the mean time required to complete the measurements (transverse: 21.7 s, sagittal: 24.3 s; p=0.001). The intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs) were 0.985, 0.963, and 0.988 for the right, left, and mean UtA-PIs respectively. Conclusion The transverse approach at a bladder depth of less than 5 cm performed better than the sagittal approach in the measurement of first-trimester uterine arteries. It may, thus, may be useful as a complementary approach in cases in which there is difficulty obtaining measurements using the sagittal approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiattisak Kongwattanakul
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Sukanya Chaiyarach
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Suppasiri Hayakangchat
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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25
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Taylor TJ, Quinton AE, de Vries BS, Hyett JA. Uterine Artery Pulsatility Index Assessment at <11 Weeks' Gestation: A Prospective Study. Fetal Diagn Ther 2019; 47:129-137. [PMID: 31280268 DOI: 10.1159/000500776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mean uterine artery pulsatility index (meanUAPI) is commonly measured at 11-13+6 weeks to predict adverse pregnancy outcomes including hypertensive disorders and small-for-gestational age. The aims of this study were to establish a population-specific reference range for meanUAPI at <11 weeks, to determine if an abnormal meanUAPI at <11 weeks was associated with adverse pregnancy outcome, and to assess changes in meanUAPI between <11 weeks and 11-13+6 weeks. METHODS A prospective cohort was examined at <11 weeks and at 11-13+6 weeks to develop reference ranges for meanUAPI. Based on these regression models, meanUAPI Z-scores were compared between outcome groups using a two-sample t test. Longitudinal changes in the meanUAPI between <11 and 11-13+6 weeks were assessed by two-way mixed ANOVA. RESULTS Prior to 11 weeks, there was no significant difference in meanUAPI between normal (n = 622) and adverse (n = 80) outcomes (mean [95% CI]: 2.62 [2.57-2.67] and 2.67 [2.50-2.84], respectively; p = 0.807). At 11-13+6 weeks, meanUAPI was significantly higher in the adverse (n = 66) compared with the normal (n = 535) outcome group (mean [95% CI]: 1.87 [1.70-2.03] and 1.67 [1.63-1.72], respectively; p = 0.040). There was a statistically significant decrease (p < 0.0001) in meanUAPI between the two time points. CONCLUSION MeanUAPI measured at <11 weeks' gestation does not appear to be a useful marker for the prediction of placental-related adverse pregnancy outcomes, supporting an argument for the prediction of risk at 11-13+6 weeks' gestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracey J Taylor
- South Coast Ultrasound for Women, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia, .,Discipline of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Neonatology, Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia,
| | - Ann E Quinton
- Discipline of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Neonatology, Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Health, Medical and Applied Science, Central Queensland University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Bradley S de Vries
- Discipline of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Neonatology, Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,RPA Women and Babies, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jonathon A Hyett
- Discipline of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Neonatology, Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,RPA Women and Babies, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
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26
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Seravalli V, Masini G, Morelli C, Di Tommaso M, Pasquini L, Petraglia F. Impact of bladder filling on uterine artery Doppler variables in the first trimester of pregnancy. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ULTRASOUND : JCU 2019; 47:83-87. [PMID: 30393867 DOI: 10.1002/jcu.22649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2018] [Revised: 08/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Uterine artery (UtA) Doppler examination is used in the first trimester to assess the risk of developing preeclampsia, with a standardized technique. However, the impact of bladder filling on UtA circulatory impedance in pregnancy has not been previously studied. This study aimed to examine the effect of bladder distension on UtA-pulsatility index (PI) and peak systolic velocity (PSV) in the first trimester of pregnancy. METHODS The authors conducted a prospective repeated-measure study on pregnant women presenting for first-trimester screening for preeclampsia. Right and left UtA Doppler velocimetry was first measured with a full bladder. Bladder volume was recorded. After the patients had voided their bladder, a repeat Doppler measurement was performed. The UtA PI and PSV were recorded on each side. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare UtA variables before and after bladder voiding. RESULTS The authors enrolled 45 patients. Mean gestational age at exam was 12.1 weeks. When women were studied with full bladder, median UtA-PI was 1.73 (inter-quartile range, [IQR] 1.49, 2.28) on the right and 1.71 (1.46, 2.11) on the left side. After bladder voiding, values were 1.83 (IQR 1.58, 2.20) and 1.78 (1.40, 2.18). The difference was not statistically significant (P = .26 and 0.80). Similarly, no difference was found in UtA-PSV before and after bladder voiding on either side (P = .22 and .70). CONCLUSION In the first-trimester of pregnancy, bladder distension does not significantly modify uterine artery Doppler variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viola Seravalli
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Giulia Masini
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research, and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Chiara Morelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Lucia Pasquini
- Fetal Medicine Unit, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Felice Petraglia
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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Sotiriadis A, Hernandez-Andrade E, da Silva Costa F, Ghi T, Glanc P, Khalil A, Martins WP, Odibo AO, Papageorghiou AT, Salomon LJ, Thilaganathan B. ISUOG Practice Guidelines: role of ultrasound in screening for and follow-up of pre-eclampsia. ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2019; 53:7-22. [PMID: 30320479 DOI: 10.1002/uog.20105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 07/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A Sotiriadis
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - E Hernandez-Andrade
- Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hutzel Women Hospital, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - F da Silva Costa
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; and Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - T Ghi
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - P Glanc
- Department of Radiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - A Khalil
- Fetal Medicine Unit, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; and Vascular Biology Research Centre, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK
| | - W P Martins
- SEMEAR Fertilidade, Reproductive Medicine and Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - A O Odibo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - A T Papageorghiou
- Fetal Medicine Unit, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; and Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oxford, Women's Center, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - L J Salomon
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, Hopital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - B Thilaganathan
- Fetal Medicine Unit, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; and Vascular Biology Research Centre, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK
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Carson J, Lewis M, Rassi D, Van Loon R. A data-driven model to study utero-ovarian blood flow physiology during pregnancy. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2019; 18:1155-1176. [PMID: 30838498 PMCID: PMC6647440 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-019-01135-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we describe a mathematical model of the cardiovascular system in human pregnancy. An automated, closed-loop 1D-0D modelling framework was developed, and we demonstrate its efficacy in (1) reproducing measured multi-variate cardiovascular variables (pulse pressure, total peripheral resistance and cardiac output) and (2) providing automated estimates of variables that have not been measured (uterine arterial and venous blood flow, pulse wave velocity, pulsatility index). This is the first model capable of estimating volumetric blood flow to the uterus via the utero-ovarian communicating arteries. It is also the first model capable of capturing wave propagation phenomena in the utero-ovarian circulation, which are important for the accurate estimation of arterial stiffness in contemporary obstetric practice. The model will provide a basis for future studies aiming to elucidate the physiological mechanisms underlying the dynamic properties (changing shapes) of vascular flow waveforms that are observed with advancing gestation. This in turn will facilitate the development of methods for the earlier detection of pathologies that have an influence on vascular structure and behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Carson
- College of Engineering, Swansea University, Bay Campus, Fabian Way, Swansea, SA1 8EN UK
| | - Michael Lewis
- College of Engineering, Swansea University, Bay Campus, Fabian Way, Swansea, SA1 8EN UK
| | - Dareyoush Rassi
- College of Human and Health Sciences, Swansea University, Singleton Campus, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP UK
| | - Raoul Van Loon
- College of Engineering, Swansea University, Bay Campus, Fabian Way, Swansea, SA1 8EN UK
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Moe Eggebø T, Leknes Jensen EJ, Deibele KU, Scholbach T. Venous blood flow in maternal kidneys in third trimester of pregnancy. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2018; 33:2246-2252. [PMID: 30422736 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2018.1547705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: Maternal intra-abdominal pressure and hemodynamics change during pregnancy. The left renal vein may be compressed between the uterus and the spine and aorta, causing congestion and impaired venous return from the left kidney during late pregnancy. The aim of this study was to compare venous and arterial blood flow between the right and left kidney in the third trimester in women without known pregnancy complications.Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study in 50 women with uncomplicated third-trimester pregnancies at Trondheim University Hospital, Norway, from January to April 2018. The arterial and venous blood flow were examined with pulsed wave Doppler in the hilum of the kidneys and the cross section of the area (CSA) of the vessels was measured from 3D acquisitions. Two diameters of the main vein and artery were measured after rotating the image of the vessels in the C-plane to be as circular as possible. CSA was calculated as π×(mean diameter/2)2. Blood flow volume (ml/minute) in the vessels were calculated as 0.5 × TAmax (cm/s)×CSA (cm2)×60. The main outcome was venous and arterial blood flow volumes, and secondary outcomes were maximum velocity (Vmax), minimum velocity (Vmin), pulsatile index (PI), time-averaged maximum flow (TAmax) and renal interolobar vein impedance index (RIVI). We also examined possible associations between blood flow and maternal age, BMI and blood pressure.Results: We observed differences in venous flow parameters between the two kidneys. The mean total flow volume in the renal veins was 274 ml/min in the left vein versus 358 ml/min in the right vein (p=.10). Vmax, TAmax, PI, and RIVI were all significantly lower in the left renal vein. No differences in arterial blood flow between the two kidneys were found. BMI was negatively correlated to flow in the left renal vein (r= -0.28; p<.05), but not associated to flow in the right renal vein.Conclusion: We found that venous flow pattern differs between left and right renal veins in uncomplicated late pregnancies, but the total flow was not significantly different. New studies should be done in women with preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torbjørn Moe Eggebø
- National Center for Fetal Medicine, Trondheim University Hospital, St Olav's Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.,Institute of clinical and molecular medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Eva Johanne Leknes Jensen
- National Center for Fetal Medicine, Trondheim University Hospital, St Olav's Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Karin Ulrike Deibele
- National Center for Fetal Medicine, Trondheim University Hospital, St Olav's Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
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Screening and prevention of pre-term pre-eclampsia - A prime time to act. Australas J Ultrasound Med 2018; 21:187-190. [DOI: 10.1002/ajum.12101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
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Drouin O, Boutin A, Paquette K, Gasse C, Guerby P, Demers S, Bujold E. First-Trimester Uterine Artery Doppler for the Prediction of SGA at Birth: The Great Obstetrical Syndromes Study. JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY CANADA 2018; 40:1592-1599. [PMID: 30314872 DOI: 10.1016/j.jogc.2018.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the role of first-trimester uterine artery pulsatility index (UtA-PI) for the prediction of small-for-gestational age (SGA). METHODS We conducted a prospective cohort study of nulliparous women with singleton pregnancy (Great Obstetrical Syndromes study). UtA-PI was performed at 11 + 0 to 13 + 6 weeks and was reported in multiple of median (MoM). SGA was defined as birth weight below the 10th percentile and stratified as term or preterm SGA. Receiver operating characteristic curves analyses with their area under the curve (AUC) were used to estimate the predictive values of UtA-PI, alone and UtA-PI combined with maternal characteristics. We computed the detection rate and false-positive rate (FPR) of the SOGC SGA screening guidelines in our population. RESULTS Of 4610 participants, SGA was identified in 486 pregnancies (10.3%), including 15 (0.3%) associated with preterm delivery. Compared with unaffected pregnancies, the mean log UtA-PI was significantly higher in term SGA and preterm SGA. The difference between preterm SGA and unaffected pregnancies remains significant after exclusion of SGA without preeclampsia. First-trimester UtA-PI was more predictive of preterm (AUC: 0.89) than term (AUC: 0.60) SGA (P < 0.01). Combined with maternal characteristics, UtA-PI could have predicted 64% of preterm and 20% of term SGA (10% FPR). The SOGC guidelines criteria for early screening of SGA had a detection rate of 21% for a FPR of 21%. CONCLUSIONS First-trimester UtA-PI can be used to predict SGA, but mainly preterm SGA. The current SOGC guidelines criteria for SGA screening are not efficient in nulliparous women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Drouin
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB
| | - Amélie Boutin
- Reproduction, Mother and Child Health Unit, CHU de Québec - Université Laval Research Centre, Université Laval, Québec City, QC
| | - Kim Paquette
- Reproduction, Mother and Child Health Unit, CHU de Québec - Université Laval Research Centre, Université Laval, Québec City, QC
| | - Cédric Gasse
- Reproduction, Mother and Child Health Unit, CHU de Québec - Université Laval Research Centre, Université Laval, Québec City, QC
| | - Paul Guerby
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hôpital Paule de Viguier (CHU Toulouse), Toulouse, France
| | - Suzanne Demers
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC; Reproduction, Mother and Child Health Unit, CHU de Québec - Université Laval Research Centre, Université Laval, Québec City, QC
| | - Emmanuel Bujold
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC; Reproduction, Mother and Child Health Unit, CHU de Québec - Université Laval Research Centre, Université Laval, Québec City, QC.
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The Use of Biochemical and Biophysical Markers in Early Screening for Preeclampsia in Mongolia. Med Sci (Basel) 2018; 6:medsci6030057. [PMID: 30036995 PMCID: PMC6165551 DOI: 10.3390/medsci6030057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a major cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality, particularly in developing countries. In Mongolia, preeclampsia and eclampsia have occurred among pregnancy complications at a rate of 25% in recent years. Recent studies in the literature have screened for preeclampsia by combining maternal factors with biomarkers. This study was conducted using prospective cohort research including 393 singleton pregnancies at 11–13+6 weeks. Maternal plasmas pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) and maternal serum placental growth factor (PlGF) were measured using Perkin Elmer time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay (DELFIA) kits, and the measurement of mean arterial pressure (MAP) was performed by automated devices and the uterine artery pulsatility index was measured by Doppler ultrasound. In the study population, there were 16.7% showing complicated preeclampsia. The receiver-operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis showed a sensitivity of 71.21%, and a specificity of 75.54% when the mean arterial pressure cut-off was 89.5 mm; while a sensitivity of 33.36% and specificity of 77.68% were observed when the uterine artery mean pulsatility index (mPI) cut-off was 2.34; a sensitivity of 79.66% and specificity of 44.04% were observed when the PAPP-A cut-off was 529.1 mU/L; and a sensitivity of 74.58% and specificity of 46.6% were observed when the PlGF cut-off was 39.87 pg/mL. The detection rates following the combination of markers with the maternal history were as follows: 62.7% with mean arterial pressure, 69.5–82.9% with two markers 86.5% with three markers and 91.4% with four markers. In conclusion, the mean arterial pressure was highly sensitive and demonstrated its easy usage and cost-effectiveness as a predictive marker for the early screening of preeclampsia from other biomarkers.
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Care AS, Bourque SL, Morton JS, Hjartarson EP, Robertson SA, Davidge ST. Reduction in Regulatory T Cells in Early Pregnancy Causes Uterine Artery Dysfunction in Mice. Hypertension 2018; 72:177-187. [PMID: 29785960 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.118.10858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction, and miscarriage remain important causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. These complications are associated with reduced numbers of a specialized T lymphocyte subset called regulatory T cells (Treg cells) in the maternal circulation, decidua, and placenta. Treg cells suppress inflammation and prevent maternal immunity toward the fetus, which expresses foreign paternal alloantigens. Treg cells are demonstrated to contribute to vascular homeostasis, but whether Treg cells influence the vascular adaptations essential for a healthy pregnancy is unknown. Thus, using a mouse model of Treg-cell depletion, we investigated the hypothesis that depletion of Treg cells would cause increased inflammation and aberrant uterine artery function. Here, we show that Treg-cell depletion resulted in increased embryo resorption and increased production of proinflammatory cytokines. Mean arterial pressure exhibited greater modulation by NO in Treg cell-deficient mice because the L-NG-nitroarginine methyl ester-induced increase in mean arterial pressure was 46% greater compared with Treg cell-replete mice. Uterine artery function, which is essential for the supply of nutrients to the placenta and fetus, demonstrated dysregulated hemodynamics after Treg-cell depletion. This was evidenced by increased uterine artery resistance and pulsatility indices and enhanced conversion of bET-1 (big endothelin-1) to the active and potent vasoconstrictor, ET-1 (endothelin-1). These data demonstrate an essential role for Treg cells in modulating uterine artery function during pregnancy and implicate Treg-cell control of maternal vascular function as a key mechanism underlying normal fetal and placental development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison S Care
- From the Robinson Research Institute, Adelaide Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia (A.S.C., S.A.R.) .,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (A.S.C., J.S.M., E.P.H., S.T.D.).,Women and Children's Health Research Institute, Edmonton, Canada (A.S.C., S.L.B., J.S.M., E.P.H., S.T.D.)
| | - Stephane L Bourque
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine (S.L.B.), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Jude S Morton
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (A.S.C., J.S.M., E.P.H., S.T.D.).,Women and Children's Health Research Institute, Edmonton, Canada (A.S.C., S.L.B., J.S.M., E.P.H., S.T.D.)
| | - Emma P Hjartarson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (A.S.C., J.S.M., E.P.H., S.T.D.).,Women and Children's Health Research Institute, Edmonton, Canada (A.S.C., S.L.B., J.S.M., E.P.H., S.T.D.)
| | - Sarah A Robertson
- From the Robinson Research Institute, Adelaide Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia (A.S.C., S.A.R.)
| | - Sandra T Davidge
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (A.S.C., J.S.M., E.P.H., S.T.D.).,Women and Children's Health Research Institute, Edmonton, Canada (A.S.C., S.L.B., J.S.M., E.P.H., S.T.D.)
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Uterine artery Doppler: Changing Concepts in Prediction and Prevention of PE and FGR. JOURNAL OF FETAL MEDICINE 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s40556-017-0150-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Nuriyeva G, Kose S, Tuna G, Kant M, Akis M, Altunyurt S, Islekel GH, Dogan OE. A prospective study on first trimester prediction of ischemic placental diseases. Prenat Diagn 2017; 37:341-349. [DOI: 10.1002/pd.5017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gulnar Nuriyeva
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Dokuz Eylul University School of Medicine; Balcova, Izmir Turkey
| | - Semir Kose
- Division of Perinatology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Dokuz Eylul University School of Medicine; Izmir Turkey
| | - Gamze Tuna
- Department of Molecular Medicine; Dokuz Eylul University Institute of Health Sciences; Balcova, Izmir Turkey
| | - Melis Kant
- Department of Medical Biochemistry; Dokuz Eylul University Institute of Health Sciences; Balcova, Izmir Turkey
| | - Merve Akis
- Department of Medical Biochemistry; Dokuz Eylul University Institute of Health Sciences; Balcova, Izmir Turkey
| | - Sabahattin Altunyurt
- Division of Perinatology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Dokuz Eylul University School of Medicine; Izmir Turkey
| | - Gül Huray Islekel
- Department of Medical Biochemistry; Dokuz Eylul University Institute of Health Sciences; Balcova, Izmir Turkey
| | - Omer Erbil Dogan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Dokuz Eylul University School of Medicine; Balcova, Izmir Turkey
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Scazzocchio E, Crovetto F, Triunfo S, Gratacós E, Figueras F. Validation of a first-trimester screening model for pre-eclampsia in an unselected population. ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2017; 49:188-193. [PMID: 27257033 DOI: 10.1002/uog.15982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2016] [Revised: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To validate the performance of a previously constructed first-trimester predictive model for pre-eclampsia (PE) in routine care of an unselected population. METHODS A validation cohort of 4621 consecutive women attending their routine first-trimester ultrasound examination was used to test a prediction model for PE that had been developed previously in 5170 women. The prediction model included maternal factors, uterine artery Doppler, blood pressure and pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A. Model performance was evaluated using receiver-operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis and ROC curves from both cohorts were compared unpaired. RESULTS Among the 4203 women included in the final analysis, 169 (4.0%) developed PE, including 141 (3.4%) cases of late-onset PE and 28 (0.7%) cases of early-onset PE. For early-onset PE, the model showed an area under the ROC curve of 0.94 (95% CI, 0.88-0.99), which did not differ significantly (P = 0.37) from that obtained in the construction cohort (0.88 (95% CI, 0.78-0.99)). For late-onset PE, the final model showed an area under the ROC curve of 0.72 (95% CI, 0.66-0.77), which did not differ significantly (P = 0.49) from that obtained in the construction cohort (0.75 (95% CI, 0.67-0.82)). CONCLUSION The prediction model for PE achieved a similar performance to that obtained in the construction cohort when tested on a subsequent cohort of women, confirming its validity as a predictive model for PE. Copyright © 2016 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Scazzocchio
- BCNatal - Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu), IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, and Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
- Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine Department, Quirón Dexeus Universitari Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - F Crovetto
- BCNatal - Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu), IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, and Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Triunfo
- BCNatal - Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu), IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, and Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - E Gratacós
- BCNatal - Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu), IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, and Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - F Figueras
- BCNatal - Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu), IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, and Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
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Bezerra Maia E Holanda Moura S, Praciano PC, Gurgel Alves JA, Martins WP, Araujo Júnior E, Kane SC, da Silva Costa F. Renal Interlobar Vein Impedance Index as a First-Trimester Marker Does Not Predict Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy. JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE 2016; 35:2641-2648. [PMID: 27821655 DOI: 10.7863/ultra.15.11002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to examine whether the maternal renal interlobar vein impedance index as assessed by first-trimester sonography is able to predict the later development of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. METHODS Venous Doppler parameters of both maternal kidneys were studied in 214 pregnant women at gestational ages of 11 weeks to 13 weeks 6 days. Patients were classified according to outcomes related to hypertensive disorders. Detection rates and areas under receiver operating characteristic curves were determined for the maternal renal interlobar vein impedance index as a first-trimester predictor of preeclampsia and gestational hypertension. RESULTS Among the 214 patients, 22 (10.3%) developed preeclampsia; 10 (4.7%) developed gestational hypertension; and 182 were unaffected by hypertensive disorders (controls; 85.0%). In the overall study population, there was no difference in the impedance index between the right (0.44; 95% confidence interval, 0.35-0.50) and left (0.43; 95% confidence interval, 0.35-0.53) sides (P = .86). The average impedance index did not differ among women destined to develop preeclampsia (0.46; 95% confidence interval, 0.38-0.57), gestational hypertension (0.39; 95% confidence interval, 0.33-0.46), or pregnancies uncomplicated by hypertensive disease (0.42; 95% confidence interval, 0.37-0.50; P = .15). Low detection rates and the area under the curve analysis demonstrated that the impedance index was not predictive of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS The maternal renal interlobar vein impedance index should not be considered a first-trimester marker of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sammya Bezerra Maia E Holanda Moura
- Department of Public Health, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
- Science Health Department, Medicine Course, University of Fortaleza, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | | | | | - Wellington P Martins
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Edward Araujo Júnior
- Department of Obstetrics, Paulista School of Medicine, São Paulo Federal University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Stefan C Kane
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Melbourne, Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Pregnancy Research Center, Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Fabrício da Silva Costa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Melbourne, Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Pregnancy Research Center, Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Monash Ultrasound for Women, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Uterine artery pulsatility index in hypertensive pregnancies: When does the index normalize in the puerperium? Obstet Gynecol Sci 2016; 59:463-469. [PMID: 27896248 PMCID: PMC5120065 DOI: 10.5468/ogs.2016.59.6.463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate whether the uterine artery pulsatility index (UtA PI) of hypertensive pregnancies is higher than that of normal pregnancies in the puerperium, as well as in the antepartum period. Methods The UtA PI was measured in hypertensive (group 1) and normal pregnancies (group 2) during antepartum, immediate postpartum or late postpartum periods. Using the transvaginal approach, the bilateral uterine artery indices were measured. Results One hundred twenty-two women were enrolled: group 1, hypertensive disease in pregnancy (11 cases in antepartum, 13 cases in immediate postpartum and 10 cases in late postpartum period); group 2, normal pregnancies (32 cases in antepartum, 29 cases in immediate postpartum and 27 cases in late postpartum). In antepartum and immediate postpartum periods, the mean UtA PI and the proportion of cases with an early diastolic notch were higher in group 1 than in group 2 (antepartum mean UtA PI, 1.14 in group 1 vs. 0.68 in group 2, P<0.001; early diastolic notch, 46% vs. 9%, P<0.05; immediate postpartum mean UtA PI, 1.30 vs. 1.08, P<0.05; early diastolic notch, 85% vs. 48%, P<0.05). In late postpartum period, the mean value of UtA PI of group 1 was still higher than that of group 2, although the proportion of cases with an early diastolic notch was not different (mean UtA PI, 1.43 vs. 1.20, P<0.05; early diastolic notch, 60% vs. 52%, P=0.73). Conclusion The UtA PI in hypertensive pregnancies was still higher than normal pregnancies in puerperal periods, suggesting that more than several weeks are required to resolve increased uterine artery vascular impedance.
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Why non-invasive maternal hemodynamics assessment is clinically relevant in early pregnancy: a literature review. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2016; 16:302. [PMID: 27729024 PMCID: PMC5059982 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-016-1091-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The maternal cardiovascular system adapts quickly when embryo implantation is recognized by the body. Those adaptations play an important role, as a normal cardiovascular adaptation is a requirement for a normal course of pregnancy. Disturbed adaptations predispose to potential hypertensive disorders further in pregnancy [1–3]. This report aims to briefly inform the obstetricians, general practitioners and midwives, who are the key players in detecting and treating hypertensive disorders during pregnancy. Methods The PubMed database was used as main tool to find studies involving clearly defined first trimester hemodynamic changes in normal pregnancies and hypertensive pregnancies. In addition, the bibliographies of these studies were investigated for further relevant literature. Results A comprehensive overview is given concerning the normal adaptations in the cardiovascular tree in a first trimester pregnancy. Additionally, signs of abnormal cardiovascular changes observed in first trimester are described together with the normal reference range for each non-invasive, easily applicable technique for maternal hemodynamics assessment. Conclusions With a combination of techniques, it is possible to integrate and evaluate the maternal heart, veins and arteries at 12 weeks of pregnancy. Applying those techniques into the daily clinic opens perspectives to prevention and prophylactic treatment, aiming for a reduction of the risk for hypertension during pregnancy.
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Morales-Roselló J, Khalil A, Akhoundova F, Salvi S, Morlando M, Sivanathan J, Alberola-Rubio J, Hervas-Marín D, Fornés-Ferrer V, Perales-Marín A, Thilaganathan B. Fetal cerebral and umbilical Doppler in pregnancies complicated by late-onset placental abruption. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2016; 30:1320-1324. [DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2016.1212332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Serum C3 and uterine artery Doppler indices at 14-20 weeks gestation for preeclampsia screening in low-risk primigravidas: A prospective observational study. J Reprod Immunol 2016; 117:4-9. [PMID: 27343872 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2016.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Revised: 05/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PROBLEM Preeclampsia affects 2-10% of human pregnancies with poor screening tests. In order to intervene preventively, high risk population should be identified before the 20th week of pregnancy and by a method not subjected to operator efficiency. METHODOLOGY Prospective observational study recruiting 825 low risk primigravidas. Serum C3 and uterine artery Doppler indices were measured at 14-20 weeks. RESULTS Serum C3 levels at 14-20 weeks of gestation had a sensitivity 83.3%, specificity 100%, PPV 100% and NPV 98.3% when the cut-off value was 53.1mg/. For the mean RI, the best cut off value found was 0.72 with 100% sensitivity, 99.1% specificity, 92.3% PPV and 100% NPV. For the mean PI the best cut off value was 1.35 with 100% sensitivity, 94.1% specificity, 63.2% PPV and 100% NPV. The combination of serum C3 level and mean uterine artery PI showed 100% sensitivity, 97.4% specificity, 80% PPV and 100% NPV in prediction of PE. CONCLUSION Serum C3 levels at 14-20 weeks can be used for prediction of PE with comparable results to uterine artery Doppler indices but has the superiority of being operator independent.
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Arrue M, García M, Rodriguez-Bengoa MT, Landa JM, Urbieta L, Maiztegui M, Salgueiro L, Belar M, Trecet JC, Lekuona A. Do low-risk nulliparous women with abnormal uterine artery Doppler in the third trimester have poorer perinatal outcomes? A longitudinal prospective study on uterine artery Doppler in low-risk nulliparous women and correlation with pregnancy outcomes. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2016; 30:877-880. [PMID: 27268024 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2016.1190822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate uterine artery (UtA) Doppler over the course of pregnancy in low-risk nulliparous women and to analyze whether an abnormal uterine artery pulsatility index (UtA-PI) at a 32-34 week' scan implies poorer perinatal outcomes. METHODS An observational prospective study was carried out including 616 low-risk nulliparous women. Women with any of the following were excluded: fetal abnormalities, multiple pregnancy, and heparin, metformin or hypotensive treatment. Maternal characteristics, mean arterial pressure measurements and UtA Doppler findings were recorded longitudinally. RESULTS Complete pregnancy data were available for 489/616 women (79.3%). Of these, 385 women had a normal UtA-PI throughout pregnancy (Group 0), while 50 (10.1%) had an UtA-PI > 95th percentile in the first or the second trimester that normalized in the third trimester (Group 1), and 56 (11.4%) had an abnormal UtA-PI in the third trimester (Group 2). We found that the rate of pre-eclampsia (PE) was higher in Group 2 (7/56 versus 4/435, p = 0.003) as was the rate of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) (6/56 versus 14/435, p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Low-risk nulliparous women with abnormal UtA Doppler findings in the third trimester are at a higher risk of developing PE and having a baby with IUGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Arrue
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Donostia University Hospital , San Sebastian , Spain
| | - M García
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Donostia University Hospital , San Sebastian , Spain
| | - M T Rodriguez-Bengoa
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Donostia University Hospital , San Sebastian , Spain
| | - J M Landa
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Donostia University Hospital , San Sebastian , Spain
| | - L Urbieta
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Donostia University Hospital , San Sebastian , Spain
| | - M Maiztegui
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Donostia University Hospital , San Sebastian , Spain
| | - L Salgueiro
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Donostia University Hospital , San Sebastian , Spain
| | - M Belar
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Donostia University Hospital , San Sebastian , Spain
| | - J C Trecet
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Donostia University Hospital , San Sebastian , Spain
| | - A Lekuona
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Donostia University Hospital , San Sebastian , Spain
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Gujral K, Nayar S. Prediction of Pre-eclampsia. JOURNAL OF FETAL MEDICINE 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s40556-016-0087-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Selvaraj LR, Rose N, Ramachandran M. First Trimester Screening for Pre-eclampsia and Fetal Growth Restriction. JOURNAL OF FETAL MEDICINE 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s40556-016-0088-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Peixoto AB, Da Cunha Caldas TMR, Tonni G, De Almeida Morelli P, Santos LD, Martins WP, Araujo Júnior E. Reference range for uterine artery Doppler pulsatility index using transvaginal ultrasound at 20-24w6d of gestation in a low-risk Brazilian population. J Turk Ger Gynecol Assoc 2016; 17:16-20. [PMID: 27026774 DOI: 10.5152/jtgga.2016.16192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish reference range for uterine artery (UtA) Doppler pulsatility index (PI) using transvaginal ultrasound at 20-24w6d of gestation in a Brazilian population. MATERIAL AND METHODS A retrospective cross-sectional study in 847 low-risk pregnant women undergoing routine second trimester ultrasound examination was conducted from February 2012 through March 2015. The mean UtA PI was calculated using color Doppler ultrasound with UtA gated at the level of the internal os. Mean±standard deviation and ranges for UtA Doppler PI in relation to gestational age (GA) are reported. Polynomial regression was used to obtain the best fit using mean UtA Doppler PI and GA (weeks) with adjustments performed using determination coefficient (R(2)). The 5(th), 50(th), and 95(th) percentiles for the mean UtA Doppler PI in relation to GA were determined. RESULTS The mean UtA Doppler PI ranged from 1.14 at 20 weeks to 0.95 at 24 weeks of gestation. The best-fit curve of mean UtA Doppler PI as a function of GA was a first-degree polynomial regression: mean UtA Doppler PI=1.900-0.038×GA (R(2)=0.01). CONCLUSION In summary, when the mean UtA PI Doppler values were measured by transvaginal ultrasound at 20-24w6d of gestation, decrease in UtA Doppler PI values with advancing GA was observed. Reference range for the mean UtA Doppler PI at 20-24w6d of gestation using the transvaginal ultrasound in a low-risk Brazilian population was established. We believe that this reference range may be of clinical value in daily obstetric practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Borges Peixoto
- Mario Palmério University Hospital - University of Uberaba (UNIUBE), Uberaba-MG, Brazil; Radiologic Clinic of Uberaba (CRU), Uberaba-MG, Brazil
| | | | - Gabriele Tonni
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guastalla Civil Hospital, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | | | | | - Wellington P Martins
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (DGO-FMRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto-SP, Brazil
| | - E Araujo Júnior
- Department of Obstetrics, Paulista School of Medicine - Federal University of São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo-SP, Brazil
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Neto RM, Ramos J. 3D power Doppler ultrasound in early diagnosis of preeclampsia. Pregnancy Hypertens 2016; 6:10-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.preghy.2015.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2015] [Revised: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Carter EB, Goetzinger K, Tuuli MG, Odibo L, Cahill AG, Macones GA, Odibo AO. Evaluating the Optimal Definition of Abnormal First-Trimester Uterine Artery Doppler Parameters to Predict Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes. JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE 2015; 34:1265-1269. [PMID: 26112630 DOI: 10.7863/ultra.34.7.1265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the optimal definition of abnormal first-trimester uterine artery Doppler parameters associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. METHODS A prospective cohort of women with singleton gestations between 11 and 14 weeks consented to uterine artery Doppler measurements. Doppler parameters were measured bilaterally, and mean pulsatility index (PI) and resistive index (RI) values were calculated. The presence of notching was also determined. Each parameter was evaluated for prediction of preeclampsia, early preeclampsia (<34 weeks), preterm birth (<37 weeks), early preterm birth (<34 weeks), and small for gestational age (SGA; birth weight <10th percentile). Descriptive statistics evaluated the association between abnormal Doppler indices and outcomes. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to define the best cutoff points for mean PI and RI. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated for bilateral notching and mean PI and RI percentiles. RESULTS Of 1192 patients with complete outcome data, preeclampsia was seen in 8.4%, early preeclampsia in 1.8%, preterm birth in 12.9%, early preterm birth in 5.6%, and SGA in 8.5%. A mean PI above the 75th percentile (>1.91) was the best index for predicting early preeclampsia (sensitivity, 45.0%; specificity, 75.5%; NPV, 98.7%; ROC area, 0.65). A mean PI above the 75th percentile was also the best index for predictive early preterm birth (sensitivity, 40.0%; specificity, 76.0%; NPV, 95.5%; ROC area, 0.65). None of the parameters were significant for predicting SGA. CONCLUSIONS A mean uterine PI above the 75th percentile is the most discriminative abnormal uterine artery Doppler parameter for predicting both early preeclampsia and early preterm birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebony B Carter
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri USA (E.B.C., K.G., M.G.T., A.G.C., G.A.M.); and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida USA (L.O., A.O.O.).
| | - Katherine Goetzinger
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri USA (E.B.C., K.G., M.G.T., A.G.C., G.A.M.); and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida USA (L.O., A.O.O.)
| | - Methodius G Tuuli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri USA (E.B.C., K.G., M.G.T., A.G.C., G.A.M.); and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida USA (L.O., A.O.O.)
| | - Linda Odibo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri USA (E.B.C., K.G., M.G.T., A.G.C., G.A.M.); and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida USA (L.O., A.O.O.)
| | - Alison G Cahill
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri USA (E.B.C., K.G., M.G.T., A.G.C., G.A.M.); and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida USA (L.O., A.O.O.)
| | - George A Macones
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri USA (E.B.C., K.G., M.G.T., A.G.C., G.A.M.); and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida USA (L.O., A.O.O.)
| | - Anthony O Odibo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri USA (E.B.C., K.G., M.G.T., A.G.C., G.A.M.); and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida USA (L.O., A.O.O.)
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Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) impacts 8 million mother-infant pairs worldwide each year. This human pregnancy-specific disease characterized by hypertension and proteinuria accounts for significant maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. The current theory of the pathogenesis of PE as reviewed by Drs. Christopher Redman and Ian Sargent is thought to occur as a 2-stage process with poor placentation in the first half of pregnancy resulting in the maternal response in the second half of pregnancy. Our studies have focused on understanding the placental contribution to this serious disease by examining the gene expression profile of the deciduas basalis or basal plate, the region of the placenta involved in the "poor placentation". In this review we present summaries of our microarray datasets both of normal placentation and those gene expression changes resulting in the context of PE. Additionally, we have taken this opportunity to combine the data sets to provide a more comprehensive view of this region of the placenta. As defects in the basal plate are, in part, at the root of the disease process, we believe that understanding the pathobiology that occurs in this region will increase our ability to alter the development and/or course of PE.
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Serum tumor necrosis factor-α level and uterine artery Doppler indices at 11–13 weeks’ gestation for preeclampsia screening in low-risk pregnancies: a prospective observational study. J Reprod Immunol 2015; 109:31-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2015.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Revised: 01/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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50
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First-trimester uterine artery Doppler analysis in the prediction of later pregnancy complications. DISEASE MARKERS 2015; 2015:679730. [PMID: 25972623 PMCID: PMC4418013 DOI: 10.1155/2015/679730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Uterine artery Doppler waveform analysis has been extensively studied in the second trimester of pregnancy as a predictive marker for the later development of preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction. The use of Doppler interrogation of this vessel in the first trimester has gained momentum in recent years. Various measurement techniques and impedance indices have been used to evaluate the relationship between uterine artery Doppler velocimetry and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Overall, first-trimester Doppler interrogation of the uterine artery performs better in the prediction of early-onset than late-onset preeclampsia. As an isolated marker of future disease, its sensitivity in predicting preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction in low risk pregnant women is moderate, at 40–70%. Multiparametric predictive models, combining first-trimester uterine artery pulsatility index with maternal characteristics and biochemical markers, can achieve a detection rate for early-onset preeclampsia of over 90%. The ideal combination of these tests and validation of them in various patient populations will be the focus of future research.
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