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Maekawa Y, Matsui K, Okamoto K, Shimasaki T, Ohtsuka H, Tani M, Ihara K, Aiba H. Identification of plb1 mutation that extends longevity via activating Sty1 MAPK in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Mol Genet Genomics 2024; 299:20. [PMID: 38424265 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-024-02107-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
To understand the lifespan of higher organisms, including humans, it is important to understand lifespan at the cellular level as a prerequisite. So, fission yeast is a good model organism for the study of lifespan. To identify the novel factors involved in longevity, we are conducting a large-scale screening of long-lived mutant strains that extend chronological lifespan (cell survival in the stationary phase) using fission yeast. One of the newly acquired long-lived mutant strains (No.98 mutant) was selected for analysis and found that the long-lived phenotype was due to a missense mutation (92Phe → Ile) in the plb1+ gene. plb1+ gene in fission yeast is a nonessential gene encoding a homolog of phospholipase B, but its functions under normal growth conditions, as well as phospholipase B activity, remain unresolved. Our analysis of the No.98 mutant revealed that the plb1 mutation reduces the integrity of the cellular membrane and cell wall and activates Sty1 via phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasukichi Maekawa
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Kotaro Matsui
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Keisuke Okamoto
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Takafumi Shimasaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Hokuto Ohtsuka
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Motohiro Tani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Kyushu University, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kunio Ihara
- Center for Gene Research, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Aiba
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan.
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Garaiova M, Hua Q, Holic R. Heterologous Production of Calendic Acid Naturally Found in Calendula officinalis by Recombinant Fission Yeast. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:3842-3851. [PMID: 36795330 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c08967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Calendic acid (CA) is a conjugated fatty acid with anti-cancer properties that is widely present in seed oil of Calendula officinalis. Using the co-expression of C. officinalis fatty acid conjugases (CoFADX-1 or CoFADX-2) and Punica granatum fatty acid desaturase (PgFAD2), we metabolically engineered the synthesis of CA in the yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe without the need for linoleic acid (LA) supplementation. The highest CA titer and achieved accumulation were 4.4 mg/L and 3.7 mg/g of DCW in PgFAD2 + CoFADX-2 recombinant strain cultivated at 16 °C for 72 h, respectively. Further analyses revealed the accumulation of CA in free fatty acids (FFA) and downregulation of the lcf1 gene encoding long-chain fatty acyl-CoA synthetase. The developed recombinant yeast system represents an important tool for the future identification of the essential components of the channeling machinery to produce CA as a high-value conjugated fatty acid at an industrial level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Garaiova
- Institute of Animal Biochemistry and Genetics, Centre of Biosciences, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, Bratislava 84005, Slovakia
| | - Qiang Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Roman Holic
- Institute of Animal Biochemistry and Genetics, Centre of Biosciences, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, Bratislava 84005, Slovakia
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Foo S, Cazenave-Gassiot A, Wenk MR, Oliferenko S. Diacylglycerol at the inner nuclear membrane fuels nuclear envelope expansion in closed mitosis. J Cell Sci 2023; 136:286881. [PMID: 36695178 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.260568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear envelope (NE) expansion must be controlled to maintain nuclear shape and function. The nuclear membrane expands massively during closed mitosis, enabling chromosome segregation within an intact NE. Phosphatidic acid (PA) and diacylglycerol (DG) can both serve as biosynthetic precursors for membrane lipid synthesis. How they are regulated in time and space and what the implications are of changes in their flux for mitotic fidelity are largely unknown. Using genetically encoded PA and DG probes, we show that DG is depleted from the inner nuclear membrane during mitosis in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, but PA does not accumulate, indicating that it is rerouted to membrane synthesis. We demonstrate that DG-to-PA conversion catalyzed by the diacylglycerol kinase Dgk1 (also known as Ptp4) and direct glycerophospholipid synthesis from DG by diacylglycerol cholinephosphotransferase/ethanolaminephosphotransferase Ept1 reinforce NE expansion. We conclude that DG consumption through both the de novo pathway and the Kennedy pathway fuels a spike in glycerophospholipid biosynthesis, controlling NE expansion and, ultimately, mitotic fidelity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherman Foo
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK.,Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Amaury Cazenave-Gassiot
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute and Precision Medicine Translational Research Program, Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, MD7, 8 Medical Drive, 117596 Singapore
| | - Markus R Wenk
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute and Precision Medicine Translational Research Program, Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, MD7, 8 Medical Drive, 117596 Singapore
| | - Snezhana Oliferenko
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK.,Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
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Saydakova S, Morozova K, Snytnikova O, Morozova M, Boldyreva L, Kiseleva E, Tsentalovich Y, Kozhevnikova E. The Effect of Dietary Phospholipids on the Ultrastructure and Function of Intestinal Epithelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021788. [PMID: 36675301 PMCID: PMC9866517 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary composition substantially determines human health and affects complex diseases, including obesity, inflammation and cancer. Thus, food supplements have been widely used to accommodate dietary composition to the needs of individuals. Among the promising supplements are dietary phospholipids (PLs) that are commonly found as natural food ingredients and as emulsifier additives. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of major PLs found as food supplements on the morphology of intestinal epithelial cells upon short-term and long-term high-dose feeding in mice. In the present report, the effect of short-term and long-term high dietary PL content was studied in terms of intestinal health and leaky gut syndrome in male mice. We used transmission electron microscopy to evaluate endothelial morphology at the ultrastructural level. We found mitochondrial damage and lipid droplet accumulation in the intracristal space, which rendered mitochondria more sensitive to respiratory uncoupling as shown by a mitochondrial respiration assessment in the intestinal crypts. However, this mitochondrial damage was insufficient to induce intestinal permeability. We propose that high-dose PL treatment impairs mitochondrial morphology and acts through extensive membrane utilization via the mitochondria. The data suggest that PL supplementation should be used with precaution in individuals with mitochondrial disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snezhanna Saydakova
- Scientific-Research Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine, 630117 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Ksenia Morozova
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Olga Snytnikova
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Maryana Morozova
- Scientific-Research Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine, 630117 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Lidiya Boldyreva
- Scientific-Research Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine, 630117 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Elena Kiseleva
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | | | - Elena Kozhevnikova
- Scientific-Research Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine, 630117 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State Agrarian University, 630039 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Correspondence:
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Rasul F, Zheng F, Dong F, He J, Liu L, Liu W, Cheema JY, Wei W, Fu C. Emr1 regulates the number of foci of the endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria encounter structure complex. Nat Commun 2021; 12:521. [PMID: 33483504 PMCID: PMC7822926 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20866-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria encounter structure (ERMES) complex creates contact sites between the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria, playing crucial roles in interorganelle communication, mitochondrial fission, mtDNA inheritance, lipid transfer, and autophagy. The mechanism regulating the number of ERMES foci within the cell remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that the mitochondrial membrane protein Emr1 contributes to regulating the number of ERMES foci. We show that the absence of Emr1 significantly decreases the number of ERMES foci. Moreover, we find that Emr1 interacts with the ERMES core component Mdm12 and colocalizes with Mdm12 on mitochondria. Similar to ERMES mutant cells, cells lacking Emr1 display defective mitochondrial morphology and impaired mitochondrial segregation, which can be rescued by an artificial tether capable of linking the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. We further demonstrate that the cytoplasmic region of Emr1 is required for regulating the number of ERMES foci. This work thus reveals a crucial regulatory protein necessary for ERMES functions and provides mechanistic insights into understanding the dynamic regulation of endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria communication. Interorganelle membrane contact sites between the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria can be mediated with the ER-mitochondria encounter structure (ERMES) complex, though precise regulation is unclear. Here, the authors report that the number of ERMES foci is regulated by the previously uncharacterized mitochondrial membrane protein Emr1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiz Rasul
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Membrane-less Organelles & Cellular Dynamics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Sciences, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, 230027, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Zheng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Membrane-less Organelles & Cellular Dynamics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Sciences, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, 230027, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Fenfen Dong
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Membrane-less Organelles & Cellular Dynamics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Sciences, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, 230027, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiajia He
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Membrane-less Organelles & Cellular Dynamics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Sciences, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, 230027, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Membrane-less Organelles & Cellular Dynamics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Sciences, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, 230027, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyue Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Membrane-less Organelles & Cellular Dynamics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Sciences, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, 230027, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Javairia Yousuf Cheema
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Membrane-less Organelles & Cellular Dynamics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Sciences, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, 230027, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenfan Wei
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Membrane-less Organelles & Cellular Dynamics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Sciences, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, 230027, Hefei, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chuanhai Fu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Membrane-less Organelles & Cellular Dynamics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Sciences, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, 230027, Hefei, People's Republic of China.
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Hapala I, Griac P, Holic R. Metabolism of Storage Lipids and the Role of Lipid Droplets in the Yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Lipids 2020; 55:513-535. [PMID: 32930427 DOI: 10.1002/lipd.12275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Storage lipids, triacylglycerols (TAG), and steryl esters (SE), are predominant constituents of lipid droplets (LD) in fungi. In several yeast species, metabolism of TAG and SE is linked to various cellular processes, including cell division, sporulation, apoptosis, response to stress, and lipotoxicity. In addition, TAG are an important source for the generation of value-added lipids for industrial and biomedical applications. The fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe is a widely used unicellular eukaryotic model organism. It is a powerful tractable system used to study various aspects of eukaryotic cellular and molecular biology. However, the knowledge of S. pombe neutral lipids metabolism is quite limited. In this review, we summarize and discuss the current knowledge of the homeostasis of storage lipids and of the role of LD in the fission yeast S. pombe with the aim to stimulate research of lipid metabolism and its connection with other essential cellular processes. We also discuss the advantages and disadvantages of fission yeast in lipid biotechnology and recent achievements in the use of S. pombe in the biotechnological production of valuable lipid compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Hapala
- Institute of Animal Biochemistry and Genetics, Centre of Biosciences, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 840 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Peter Griac
- Institute of Animal Biochemistry and Genetics, Centre of Biosciences, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 840 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Roman Holic
- Institute of Animal Biochemistry and Genetics, Centre of Biosciences, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 840 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
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The effect of Trichinella spiralis on muscular activity of experimentally infected mice. Parasitol Int 2019; 76:102032. [PMID: 31805441 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2019.102032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Nematodes of genus Trichinella are wide-spread zoonotic parasites, able to infect a large variety of vertebrates. Animal hosts are usually regarded as asymptomatic carriers. However, there is little data regarding the functional consequences that T. spiralis infection renders on muscle cells. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of T. spiralis on the effort capacity of experimentally infected mice. Overall, 60 mice, divided into three groups were used: M (uninfected), L200 and L1000, infected with 200 or 1000 larvae/mouse respectively. The mice were periodically weighed and their effort capacity was evaluated (days 0, 7, 15, 35 and 60). From each group, two randomly selected mice were euthanized after evaluation carcasses were artificially digested in order to establish the number of larvae per gram (LPG). On day 0, there were no significant differences among groups. Starting with day 7, the effort capacity of infected groups decreased, with significant differences between group M and the infected groups. From day 15, the differences between the infected groups also became significant. The LPG gradually increased and the differences between groups were always significant. A strong correlation between the LPG and decreased effort capacity was noted. The present study demonstrates the reduction of muscular capacity in mice experimentally infected with Trichinella spiralis, in correlation with the infective dose, providing new insights in this parasite's transmission strategy.
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