1
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Erdem S, Haskologlu S, Haliloglu Y, Çelikzencir H, Arik E, Keskin O, Eltan SB, Yucel E, Canatan H, Avcilar H, Yilmaz E, Ozcan A, Unal E, Karakukcu M, Celiksoy MH, Kilic SS, Demir A, Genel F, Gulez N, Koker MY, Ozen AO, Baris S, Metin A, Guner SN, Reisli I, Keles S, Dogu EF, Ikinciogullari KA, Eken A. Defective Treg generation and increased type 3 immune response in leukocyte adhesion deficiency 1. Clin Immunol 2023:109691. [PMID: 37433423 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2023.109691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
In 15 Turkish LAD-1 patients and controls, we assessed the impact of pathogenic ITGB2 mutations on Th17/Treg differentiation and functions, and innate lymphoid cell (ILC) subsets. The percentage of peripheral blood Treg cells, in vitro-generated induced Tregs differentiated from naive CD4+ T cells were decreased despite the elevated absolute counts of CD4+ cells in LAD1 patients. Serum IL-23 levels were elevated in LAD1 patients. Post-curdlan stimulation, LAD1 patient-derived PBMCs produced more IL-17A. Additionally, the percentages of CD18-deficient Th17 cells expanded from total or naïve CD4+ T cells were higher. The blood ILC3 subset was significantly elevated in LAD1. Finally, LAD1 PBMCs showed defects in trans-well migration and proliferation and were more resistant to apoptosis. Defects in de novo generation of Tregs from CD18-deficient naïve T cells and elevated Th17s, and ILC3s in LAD1 patients' peripheral blood suggest a type 3-skewed immunity and may contribute to LAD1-associated autoimmune symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serife Erdem
- Erciyes University School of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Kayseri, Turkey; Erciyes University, Betul-Ziya Eren Genome and Stem Cell Center, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Sule Haskologlu
- Ankara University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yesim Haliloglu
- Erciyes University School of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Kayseri, Turkey; Erciyes University, Betul-Ziya Eren Genome and Stem Cell Center, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Huriye Çelikzencir
- Erciyes University School of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Elif Arik
- Gaziantep University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Keskin
- Gaziantep University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Sevgi Bilgic Eltan
- Marmara University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Esra Yucel
- Istanbul University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Halit Canatan
- Erciyes University School of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Kayseri, Turkey; Erciyes University, Betul-Ziya Eren Genome and Stem Cell Center, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Huseyin Avcilar
- Erciyes University, Betul-Ziya Eren Genome and Stem Cell Center, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ebru Yilmaz
- Erciyes University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Alper Ozcan
- Erciyes University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ekrem Unal
- Erciyes University, Betul-Ziya Eren Genome and Stem Cell Center, Kayseri, Turkey; Erciyes University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Musa Karakukcu
- Erciyes University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Halil Celiksoy
- İstanbul Başakşehir Çam ve Sakura City Hospital, Pediatric Allergy and Immunology Clinic Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sara Sebnem Kilic
- Bursa Uludag University, Department of Pediatric Immunology and Rheumatology, Bursa, Turkey.
| | - Ayca Demir
- Dr Behcet Uz Children's Education and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ferah Genel
- Dr Behcet Uz Children's Education and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Nesrin Gulez
- Dr Behcet Uz Children's Education and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Yavuz Koker
- Erciyes University School of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Ahmet Oguzhan Ozen
- Marmara University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Safa Baris
- Marmara University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayse Metin
- Ankara City Hospital, Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sukru Nail Guner
- Necmettin Erbakan University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Konya, Turkey
| | - Ismail Reisli
- Necmettin Erbakan University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Konya, Turkey
| | - Sevgi Keles
- Necmettin Erbakan University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Konya, Turkey
| | - Esin Figen Dogu
- Ankara University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Ahmet Eken
- Erciyes University School of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Kayseri, Turkey; Erciyes University, Betul-Ziya Eren Genome and Stem Cell Center, Kayseri, Turkey.
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2
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Fazlollahi MR, Hamidieh AA, Moradi L, Shokouhi Shoormati R, Sabetkish N, Esmaeili B, Badalzadeh M, Alizadeh Z, Shamlou S, Movahedi M, Mahloujirad M, Razaghian A, Arshi S, Gharagozlou M, Kalantari A, Bemanian MH, Safari M, Heidarzadeh Arani M, Nabavi M, Parvaneh N, Sadeghi-Shabestari M, Behfar M, Behniafard N, Sherkat R, Ahmadian Heris J, Shariat M, Radmehr R, Houshmand M, Kazemnejad A, Molitor A, Carapito R, Bahram S, Pourpak Z, Moin M. Clinical and immunological characteristics of 69 leukocyte adhesion deficiency-I patients. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2023; 34:e13990. [PMID: 37492921 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In order to support the comprehensive classification of Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency-I (LAD-I) severity by simultaneous screening of CD11a/CD18, this study assessed clinical, laboratory, and genetic findings along with outcomes of 69 LAD-I patients during the last 15 years. METHODS Sixty-nine patients (40 females and 29 males) with a clinical phenotype suspected of LAD-I were referred to Immunology, Asthma, and Allergy research institute, Tehran, Iran between 2007 and 2022 for further advanced immunological screening and genetic evaluations as well as treatment, were enrolled in this study. RESULTS The diagnosis median age of the patients was 6 months. Delayed umbilical cord separation was found in 25 patients (36.2%). The median diagnostic delay time was 4 months (min-max: 0-82 months). Forty-six patients (66.7%) were categorized as severe (CD18 and/or CD11a: below 2%); while 23 children (33.3%) were in moderate category (CD18 and/or CD11a: 2%-30%). During the follow-ups, 55.1% of children were alive with a mortality rate of 44.9%. Skin ulcers (75.4%), omphalitis (65.2%), and gingivitis (37.7%) were the most frequent complaints. Genetic analysis of the patients revealed 14 previously reported and three novel pathogenic mutations in the ITGB2 gene. The overall survival of patients with and without hematopoietic stem cell transplantation was 79.3% and 55.6%, respectively. CONCLUSION Physicians' awareness of LAD-I considering delayed separation of umbilical cord marked neutrophilic leukocytosis, and variability in CD11 and CD18 expression levels, and genetic analysis leads to early diagnosis and defining disease severity. Moreover, the prenatal diagnosis would benefit families with a history of LAD-I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Fazlollahi
- Immunology, Asthma and Allergy Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Children's Medical Center, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Ali Hamidieh
- Pediatric Cell and Gene Therapy Research Center, Gene, Cell & Tissue Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Moradi
- Immunology, Asthma and Allergy Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Children's Medical Center, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Raheleh Shokouhi Shoormati
- Immunology, Asthma and Allergy Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Children's Medical Center, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nastaran Sabetkish
- Immunology, Asthma and Allergy Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Children's Medical Center, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behnaz Esmaeili
- Immunology, Asthma and Allergy Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Children's Medical Center, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Basic Sciences, Khoy University of Medical Sciences, Khoy, Iran
| | - Mohsen Badalzadeh
- Immunology, Asthma and Allergy Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Children's Medical Center, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Alizadeh
- Immunology, Asthma and Allergy Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Children's Medical Center, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Shamlou
- Immunology, Asthma and Allergy Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Children's Medical Center, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Movahedi
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Mahloujirad
- Immunology, Asthma and Allergy Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Anahita Razaghian
- Immunology, Asthma and Allergy Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Children's Medical Center, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saba Arshi
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, Rasool-e-Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Gharagozlou
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Kalantari
- Department of Pediatrics, Valiasr Hospital, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hassan Bemanian
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, Rasool-e-Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojgan Safari
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicines, Hamadan University of Medical Science, Hamedan, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Nabavi
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, Rasool-e-Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Parvaneh
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Sadeghi-Shabestari
- Immunology Research Center of Tabriz, TB and Lung Disease Research Center, Children Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Behfar
- Pediatric Cell and Gene Therapy Research Center, Gene, Cell & Tissue Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasrin Behniafard
- Children Growth Disorder Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Roya Sherkat
- Immunodeficiency Diseases Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Javad Ahmadian Heris
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Pediatric Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mansoureh Shariat
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roshanak Radmehr
- Immunology, Asthma and Allergy Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Children's Medical Center, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Massoud Houshmand
- National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Anoshirvan Kazemnejad
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Anne Molitor
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Plateforme GENOMAX, INSERM UMR_S 1109, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), LabEx TRANSPLANTEX, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Service d'Immunologie Biologique, Plateau Technique de Biologie, Pôle de Biologie, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg, France
| | - Raphael Carapito
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Plateforme GENOMAX, INSERM UMR_S 1109, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), LabEx TRANSPLANTEX, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Service d'Immunologie Biologique, Plateau Technique de Biologie, Pôle de Biologie, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg, France
| | - Seiamak Bahram
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Plateforme GENOMAX, INSERM UMR_S 1109, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), LabEx TRANSPLANTEX, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Service d'Immunologie Biologique, Plateau Technique de Biologie, Pôle de Biologie, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg, France
| | - Zahra Pourpak
- Immunology, Asthma and Allergy Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Children's Medical Center, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Moin
- Immunology, Asthma and Allergy Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Children's Medical Center, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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3
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Nicolaou N, Margadant C, Kevelam SH, Lilien MR, Oosterveld MJS, Kreft M, van Eerde AM, Pfundt R, Terhal PA, van der Zwaag B, Nikkels PGJ, Sachs N, Goldschmeding R, Knoers NVAM, Renkema KY, Sonnenberg A. Gain of glycosylation in integrin α3 causes lung disease and nephrotic syndrome. J Clin Invest 2012; 122:4375-87. [PMID: 23114595 DOI: 10.1172/jci64100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2012] [Accepted: 09/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrins are transmembrane αβ glycoproteins that connect the extracellular matrix to the cytoskeleton. The laminin-binding integrin α3β1 is expressed at high levels in lung epithelium and in kidney podocytes. In podocytes, α3β1 associates with the tetraspanin CD151 to maintain a functional filtration barrier. Here, we report on a patient homozygous for a novel missense mutation in the human ITGA3 gene, causing fatal interstitial lung disease and congenital nephrotic syndrome. The mutation caused an alanine-to-serine substitution in the integrin α3 subunit, thereby introducing an N-glycosylation motif at amino acid position 349. We expressed this mutant form of ITGA3 in murine podocytes and found that hyperglycosylation of the α3 precursor prevented its heterodimerization with β1, whereas CD151 association with the α3 subunit occurred normally. Consequently, the β1 precursor accumulated in the ER, and the mutant α3 precursor was degraded by the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Thus, these findings uncover a gain-of-glycosylation mutation in ITGA3 that prevents the biosynthesis of functional α3β1, causing a fatal multiorgan disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayia Nicolaou
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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4
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van de Vijver E, Maddalena A, Sanal Ö, Holland SM, Uzel G, Madkaikar M, de Boer M, van Leeuwen K, Köker MY, Parvaneh N, Fischer A, Law SKA, Klein N, Tezcan FI, Unal E, Patiroglu T, Belohradsky BH, Schwartz K, Somech R, Kuijpers TW, Roos D. Hematologically important mutations: leukocyte adhesion deficiency (first update). Blood Cells Mol Dis 2011; 48:53-61. [PMID: 22134107 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2011.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2011] [Accepted: 10/18/2011] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Leukocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD) is an immunodeficiency caused by defects in the adhesion of leukocytes (especially neutrophils) to the blood vessel wall. As a result, patients with LAD suffer from severe bacterial infections and impaired wound healing, accompanied by neutrophilia. In LAD-I, mutations are found in ITGB2, the gene that encodes the β subunit of the β(2) integrins. This syndrome is characterized directly after birth by delayed separation of the umbilical cord. In the rare LAD-II disease, the fucosylation of selectin ligands is disturbed, caused by mutations in SLC35C1, the gene that encodes a GDP-fucose transporter of the Golgi system. LAD-II patients lack the H and Lewis Le(a) and Le(b) blood group antigens. Finally, in LAD-III (also called LAD-I/variant) the conformational activation of the hematopoietically expressed β integrins is disturbed, leading to leukocyte and platelet dysfunction. This last syndrome is caused by mutations in FERMT3, encoding the kindlin-3 protein in all blood cells that is involved in the regulation of β integrin conformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edith van de Vijver
- Sanquin Research, and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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5
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McKillop WM, Barrett JW, Pasternak SH, Chan BMC, Dekaban GA. The extracellular domain of CD11d regulates its cell surface expression. J Leukoc Biol 2009; 86:851-62. [PMID: 19571252 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.0309150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A mAb targeting the CD11d subunit of the leukocyte integrin CD11d/CD18 decreases intraspinal inflammation and oxidative damage leading to improved neurological outcomes in rodent models of SCI. CD11d/CD18 is the fourth member of the beta2-integrin family. Current evidence indicates that CD11d/CD18 is regulated differently than other beta2-integrins, suggesting that CD11d(+) leukocytes play a distinct role in inflammation. Although the transcriptional control of CD11d expression has been evaluated, control of the intracellular distribution of CD11d has not been addressed. For this reason and as a result of the potential of CD11d as a therapeutic target for SCI and possibly other CNS injuries, we investigated the intracellular localization and surface expression of CD11d in cultured cells. CD11d and CD18 were fused at their C-termini with YFP and mRFP, respectively. Flow cytometry and confocal microscopy demonstrated that rCD11d-YFP is expressed on the cell surface of leukocyte cell lines expressing CD18. In contrast, in heterologous cell lines, CD11d-YFP is retained intracellularly in the TGN. Coexpression of CD11d-YFP and CD18-mRFP relieves this intracellular restriction and allows the CD11d/CD18 heterodimer to be surface-expressed. Based on domain-swapping experiments with CD25, the extracellular domain of CD11d is required and sufficient for the observed intracellular retention in heterologous cells. Furthermore, the transmembrane and C-terminus are also required for proper heterodimerization with CD18 and localization to the plasma membrane. These findings suggest that multiple CD11d domains play a role in controlling intracellular location and association with CD18.
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Affiliation(s)
- William M McKillop
- Biotherapeutics Research Laboratory, Robarts Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5K8
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6
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Uzel G, Tng E, Rosenzweig SD, Hsu AP, Shaw JM, Horwitz ME, Linton GF, Anderson SM, Kirby MR, Oliveira JB, Brown MR, Fleisher TA, Law SKA, Holland SM. Reversion mutations in patients with leukocyte adhesion deficiency type-1 (LAD-1). Blood 2007; 111:209-18. [PMID: 17875809 PMCID: PMC2200806 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2007-04-082552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Leukocyte adhesion deficiency type-1 (LAD-1) is an autosomal recessive immunodeficiency caused by mutations in the beta2 integrin, CD18, that impair CD11/CD18 heterodimer surface expression and/or function. Absence of functional CD11/CD18 integrins on leukocytes, particularly neutrophils, leads to their incapacity to adhere to the endothelium and migrate to sites of infection. We studied 3 LAD-1 patients with markedly diminished neutrophil CD18 expression, each of whom had a small population of lymphocytes with normal CD18 expression (CD18(+)). These CD18(+) lymphocytes were predominantly cytotoxic T cells, with a memory/effector phenotype. Microsatellite analyses proved patient origin of these cells. Sequencing of T-cell subsets showed that in each patient one CD18 allele had undergone further mutation. Interestingly, all 3 patients were young adults with inflammatory bowel disease. Somatic reversions of inherited mutations in primary T-cell immunodeficiencies are typically associated with milder clinical phenotypes. We hypothesize that these somatic revertant CD18(+) cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) may have altered immune regulation. The discovery of 3 cases of reversion mutations in LAD-1 at one center suggests that this may be a relatively common event in this rare disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulbu Uzel
- Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA.
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7
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Vogt G, Vogt B, Chuzhanova N, Julenius K, Cooper DN, Casanova JL. Gain-of-glycosylation mutations. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2007; 17:245-51. [PMID: 17467977 DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2007.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2007] [Accepted: 04/16/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Disease-causing missense (and other in-frame) mutations can exert their deleterious effects at the cellular level through multiple mechanisms. A pathogenic mechanism involves the addition of a novel N-linked glycan. Up to 1.4% of known disease-causing missense mutations are predicted to give rise to gains-of-glycosylation. For some of these mutations, the novel glycans have been shown to be both necessary and sufficient to account for the deleterious impact of the mutation. The chemical complementation of cells from patients in vitro with various modifiers of glycosylation has been demonstrated and raises the possibility of specific chemical treatments for patients bearing gain-of-glycosylation mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Vogt
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, INSERM, U550, Paris 75015, France.
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8
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Vogt G, Chapgier A, Yang K, Chuzhanova N, Feinberg J, Fieschi C, Boisson-Dupuis S, Alcais A, Filipe-Santos O, Bustamante J, de Beaucoudrey L, Al-Mohsen I, Al-Hajjar S, Al-Ghonaium A, Adimi P, Mirsaeidi M, Khalilzadeh S, Rosenzweig S, de la Calle Martin O, Bauer TR, Puck JM, Ochs HD, Furthner D, Engelhorn C, Belohradsky B, Mansouri D, Holland SM, Schreiber RD, Abel L, Cooper DN, Soudais C, Casanova JL. Gains of glycosylation comprise an unexpectedly large group of pathogenic mutations. Nat Genet 2005; 37:692-700. [PMID: 15924140 DOI: 10.1038/ng1581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2005] [Accepted: 04/25/2005] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Mutations involving gains of glycosylation have been considered rare, and the pathogenic role of the new carbohydrate chains has never been formally established. We identified three children with mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease who were homozygous with respect to a missense mutation in IFNGR2 creating a new N-glycosylation site in the IFNgammaR2 chain. The resulting additional carbohydrate moiety was both necessary and sufficient to abolish the cellular response to IFNgamma. We then searched the Human Gene Mutation Database for potential gain-of-N-glycosylation missense mutations; of 10,047 mutations in 577 genes encoding proteins trafficked through the secretory pathway, we identified 142 candidate mutations ( approximately 1.4%) in 77 genes ( approximately 13.3%). Six mutant proteins bore new N-linked carbohydrate moieties. Thus, an unexpectedly high proportion of mutations that cause human genetic disease might lead to the creation of new N-glycosylation sites. Their pathogenic effects may be a direct consequence of the addition of N-linked carbohydrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Vogt
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, University of Paris René Descartes INSERM U550, Necker Medical School, 156 rue de Vaugirard, 75015 Paris, France
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9
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Abstract
Leukocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD) is an immunodeficiency caused by defects in the adhesion of leukocytes (especially neutrophils) to the blood vessel wall. As a result, patients with LAD suffer from severe bacterial infections and impaired wound healing. In LAD-I, mutations are found in INTG2, the gene that encodes the beta subunit of the beta(2) integrins. In the rare LAD-II disease, the fucosylation of selectin ligands is disturbed, caused by mutations in the gene for a GDP-fucose transporter of the Golgi. This article summarizes all known patient mutations and polymorphisms in these genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Roos
- Department of Experimental Immunohematology, CLB, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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10
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Affiliation(s)
- K E Sullivan
- Division of Immunologic and Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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11
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Mathew EC, Shaw JM, Bonilla FA, Law SK, Wright DA. A novel point mutation in CD18 causing the expression of dysfunctional CD11/CD18 leucocyte integrins in a patient with leucocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD). Clin Exp Immunol 2000; 121:133-8. [PMID: 10886250 PMCID: PMC1905666 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2249.2000.01277.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Leucocyte adhesion deficiency type 1 (LAD-1) is characterized by the incapacity of leucocytes to carry out their adhesion functions via their CD11/CD18 antigens, which are also referred to as the leucocyte integrins. The patients generally suffer from poor wound healing and recurrent bacterial and fungal infections. In severe cases, the infections are often systemic and life-threatening. A LAD patient (AW) of moderate phenotype has been identified but, unlike most other cases, the level of CD11/CD18 antigens on her leucocytes are uncharacteristically high for a LAD patient. Molecular analysis revealed that she is a compound heterozygote for CD18 mutations. She has inherited a D231H mutation from her father and a G284S mutation from her mother. By transfection studies, it was established that the G284S mutation does not support CD11/CD18 antigen expression on the cell surface. In contrast, the D231H mutation does not affect CD18 forming integrin heterodimers with the CD11 antigens on the cell surface. However, the expressed integrins with the D231H mutation are not adhesive to ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- E C Mathew
- The MRC Immunochemistry Unit, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Allende LM, Hernández M, Corell A, García-Pérez MA, Varela P, Moreno A, Caragol I, García-Martín F, Guillén-Perales J, Olivé T, Español T, Arnaiz-Villena A. A novel CD18 genomic deletion in a patient with severe leucocyte adhesion deficiency: a possible CD2/lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 functional association in humans. Immunology 2000; 99:440-50. [PMID: 10712675 PMCID: PMC2327173 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2567.2000.00960.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Leucocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD) is an autosomal-recessive genetic disease that is characterized clinically by severe bacterial infections and caused by mutations in the CD18 gene that codes for the beta2 integrin subunit. A patient with a severe LAD phenotype was studied and the molecular basis of the disease was identified as a single homozygous defect in a Herpes virus saimiri (HVS)-transformed T-cell line. The defect identified involves a deletion of 171 bp in the cDNA that encodes part of the proteic extracellular domain. This genetic abnormality was further studied at the genomic DNA level and found to consist of a deletion of 169 bp (from -37 of intron 4 to +132 of exon 5), which abolishes the normal splicing and results in the total skipping of exon 5. The 171-bp shortened 'in-frame' mRNA not only resulted in the absence of CD18 expression on the cell surface but also in its absence in the cytoplasm of HVS T-cell lines. Functionally, the LAD-derived HVS T-cell lines showed a severe, selective T-cell activation impairment in the CD2 (but not in the CD3) pathway. This defect was not reversible when exogenous interleukin-2 (IL-2) was added, suggesting that there is also a functional interaction of the lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) protein in the CD2 signal transduction pathway in human T cells, as has been previously reported in mice and in the human Papillon-Lefèvre syndrome. Thus, HVS transformation is not only a suitable model for T-cell immunodeficiency studies and characterization, but is also a good system for investigating the immune system in pathological conditions. It may also be used in the future in cellular models for in vitro gene-therapy trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Allende
- Department of Immunology, Hospital '12 de Octubre', Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Katsuragi K, Takashiba S, Kurihara H, Murayama Y. Molecular basis of leukocyte adhesion molecules in early-onset periodontitis patients with decreased CD11/CD18 expression on leukocytes. J Periodontol 1994; 65:949-57. [PMID: 7823277 DOI: 10.1902/jop.1994.65.10.949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
We analyzed the cell-cell adherence related to CD11/CD18 and CD18 mRNA in individuals with decreased CD11/CD18 expression on their neutrophil surface. Epstein Barr virus-transformed B cell lines were developed from one localized juvenile periodontitis (LJP) patient with decreased CD11/CD18 in the peripheral blood neutrophils and without systemic diseases; two siblings with generalized prepubertal periodontitis (GPP) caused by leukocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD); another LJP patient; one localized prepubertal periodontitis (LPP) patient; and two healthy subjects. Adhesion of leukocytes to each other was measured as cluster formation by aggregation assay. The length and the amount of CD18 mRNA expressed in the cell lines were analyzed by Northern blotting using the 32P-labeled CD18 cDNA. The coding region of the mRNA was analyzed by the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction method. Base-mismatches between CD18 mRNA and the 32P-labeled RNA probe synthesized from CD18 cDNA were analyzed by RNase protection assay. In the adherence assay, cells from the LJP patients with decreased CD11/CD18 formed more clusters of smaller size and fewer cells than those of the other subjects. The cells from GPP and LAD patients did not aggregate and did not form clusters either in the absence or presence of PMA. There were no differences in the length and the amount of mRNA between the LJP patients and the other subjects, while GPP-LAD patients expressed a small amount of long mRNA. The whole coding region (2,313 base pairs) of all subjects was amplified except for the GPP-LAD patients, and the 5'-region (1,119 base pairs) was amplified from all subjects.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- K Katsuragi
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Okayama University Dental School, Japan
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