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Liu Y, Lehnert T, Mayr T, Gijs MAM. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing by measuring bacterial oxygen consumption on an integrated platform. LAB ON A CHIP 2021; 21:3520-3531. [PMID: 34286790 DOI: 10.1039/d1lc00296a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cellular respiration is a fundamental feature of metabolic activity and oxygen consumption can be considered as a reliable indicator of bacterial aerobic respiration, including for facultative anaerobic bacteria like E. coli. Addressing the emerging global health challenge of antimicrobial resistance, we performed antimicrobial susceptibility testing using the bacterial oxygen consumption rate (OCR) as a phenotypic indicator. We demonstrated that microbial exposure to antibiotics showed systematic OCR variations, which enabled determining minimum inhibitory concentrations for three clinically relevant antibiotics, ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, and gentamicin, within a few hours. Our study was performed by using photoluminescence-based oxygen sensing in a microchamber format, which enabled reducing the sample volume to a few hundred microliters. OCR modeling based on exponential bacterial growth allowed estimating the bacterial doubling time for various culture conditions (different types of media, different culture temperature and antibiotic concentrations). Furthermore, correlating metabolic heat production data, as obtained by nanocalorimetry in the same type of microchamber, and OCR measurements provided further insight on the actual metabolic state and activity of a microbial sample. This approach represents a new path towards more comprehensive microbiological studies performed on integrated miniaturized systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Laboratory of Microsystems, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Thomas Lehnert
- Laboratory of Microsystems, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Torsten Mayr
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, 80 Graz, Austria
| | - Martin A M Gijs
- Laboratory of Microsystems, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Långström B, Karimi F, Watanabe Y. Endogenous compounds labeled with radionuclides of short half-life-some perspectives. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2013; 56:251-62. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2012] [Revised: 01/15/2013] [Accepted: 01/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - F. Karimi
- Uppsala University; Department of Biochemistry and Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Technology and Science; Uppsala; Sweden
| | - Y. Watanabe
- RIKEN; Center for Molecular Imaging Science; Kobe; Japan
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Calia G, Rocchitta G, Migheli R, Puggioni G, Spissu Y, Bazzu G, Mazzarello V, Lowry JP, O’Neill RD, Desole MS, Serra PA. Biotelemetric monitoring of brain neurochemistry in conscious rats using microsensors and biosensors. SENSORS 2009; 9:2511-23. [PMID: 22574029 PMCID: PMC3348796 DOI: 10.3390/s90402511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2009] [Revised: 04/08/2009] [Accepted: 04/14/2009] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study we present the real-time monitoring of three key brain neurochemical species in conscious rats using implantable amperometric electrodes interfaced to a biotelemetric device. The new system, derived from a previous design, was coupled with carbon-based microsensors and a platinum-based biosensor for the detection of ascorbic acid (AA), O2 and glucose in the striatum of untethered, freely-moving rats. The miniaturized device consisted of a single-supply sensor driver, a current-to-voltage converter, a microcontroller and a miniaturized data transmitter. The redox currents were digitized to digital values by means of an analog-to-digital converter integrated in a peripheral interface controller (PIC), and sent to a personal computer by means of a miniaturized AM transmitter. The electronics were calibrated and tested in vitro under different experimental conditions and exhibited high stability, low power consumption and good linear response in the nanoampere current range. The in-vivo results confirmed previously published observations on striatal AA, oxygen and glucose dynamics recorded in tethered rats. This approach, based on simple and inexpensive components, could be used as a rapid and reliable model for studying the effects of different drugs on brain neurochemical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giammario Calia
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical School, University of Sassari, Viale S. Pietro 43/b, 07100 Sassari, Italy; E-Mails: (G.C.); (G.R.); (R.M.); (G.P.); (Y.S.); (G.B.); (M.-S.D.)
| | - Gaia Rocchitta
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical School, University of Sassari, Viale S. Pietro 43/b, 07100 Sassari, Italy; E-Mails: (G.C.); (G.R.); (R.M.); (G.P.); (Y.S.); (G.B.); (M.-S.D.)
| | - Rossana Migheli
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical School, University of Sassari, Viale S. Pietro 43/b, 07100 Sassari, Italy; E-Mails: (G.C.); (G.R.); (R.M.); (G.P.); (Y.S.); (G.B.); (M.-S.D.)
| | - Giulia Puggioni
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical School, University of Sassari, Viale S. Pietro 43/b, 07100 Sassari, Italy; E-Mails: (G.C.); (G.R.); (R.M.); (G.P.); (Y.S.); (G.B.); (M.-S.D.)
| | - Ylenia Spissu
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical School, University of Sassari, Viale S. Pietro 43/b, 07100 Sassari, Italy; E-Mails: (G.C.); (G.R.); (R.M.); (G.P.); (Y.S.); (G.B.); (M.-S.D.)
| | - Gianfranco Bazzu
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical School, University of Sassari, Viale S. Pietro 43/b, 07100 Sassari, Italy; E-Mails: (G.C.); (G.R.); (R.M.); (G.P.); (Y.S.); (G.B.); (M.-S.D.)
| | - Vittorio Mazzarello
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Medical School, University of Sassari, Viale S. Pietro 43/b, 07100 Sassari, Italy; E-Mails: (V.M.)
| | - John P. Lowry
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Ireland, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland; E-Mail: (J.-P.L.)
| | - Robert D. O’Neill
- UCD School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; E-Mail: (R.-D.O.)
| | - Maria S. Desole
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical School, University of Sassari, Viale S. Pietro 43/b, 07100 Sassari, Italy; E-Mails: (G.C.); (G.R.); (R.M.); (G.P.); (Y.S.); (G.B.); (M.-S.D.)
| | - Pier A. Serra
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical School, University of Sassari, Viale S. Pietro 43/b, 07100 Sassari, Italy; E-Mails: (G.C.); (G.R.); (R.M.); (G.P.); (Y.S.); (G.B.); (M.-S.D.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel. +39-079-228558; Fax: +39-079-228525
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