1
|
Song N, Choi JY, Sung H, Jeon S, Chung S, Park SK, Han W, Lee JW, Kim MK, Lee JY, Yoo KY, Han BG, Ahn SH, Noh DY, Kang D. Prediction of breast cancer survival using clinical and genetic markers by tumor subtypes. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0122413. [PMID: 25867717 PMCID: PMC4395109 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2014] [Accepted: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify the genetic variants associated with breast cancer survival, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted of Korean breast cancer patients. METHODS From the Seoul Breast Cancer Study (SEBCS), 3,226 patients with breast cancer (1,732 in the discovery and 1,494 in the replication set) were included in a two-stage GWAS on disease-free survival (DFS) by tumor subtypes based on hormone receptor (HR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). The associations of the re-classified combined prognostic markers through recursive partitioning analysis (RPA) of DFS for breast cancer were assessed with the Cox proportional hazard model. The prognostic predictive values of the clinical and genetic models were evaluated by Harrell's C. RESULTS In the two-stage GWAS stratified by tumor subtypes, rs166870 and rs10825036 were consistently associated with DFS in the HR+ HER2- and HR- HER2- breast cancer subtypes, respectively (Prs166870 = 2.88 × 10(-7) and Prs10825036 = 3.54 × 10(-7) in the combined set). When patients were classified by the RPA in each subtype, genetic factors contributed significantly to differentiating the high risk group associated with DFS inbreast cancer, specifically the HR+ HER2- (P discovery=1.18 × 10(-8) and P replication = 2.08 × 10(-5)) and HR- HRE2- subtypes (P discovery = 2.35 × 10(-4) and P replication = 2.60 × 10(-2)). The inclusion of the SNPs tended to improve the performance of the prognostic models consisting of age, TNM stage and tumor subtypes based on ER, PR, and HER2 status. CONCLUSION Combined prognostic markers that include clinical and genetic factors by tumor subtypes could improve the prediction of survival in breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nan Song
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji-Yeob Choi
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyuna Sung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Division of Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Sujee Jeon
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seokang Chung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sue K. Park
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Wonshik Han
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Won Lee
- Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and ASAN Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi Kyung Kim
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Management, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Ji-Young Lee
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Cardiovascular Genome Center, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Korea
| | - Keun-Young Yoo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bok-Ghee Han
- Center for Genome Science, Korea National Institute of Health, Osong, Korea
| | - Sei-Hyun Ahn
- Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and ASAN Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong-Young Noh
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Daehee Kang
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hadsell DL, Bonnette SG. IGF and insulin action in the mammary gland: lessons from transgenic and knockout models. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 2000; 5:19-30. [PMID: 10791765 DOI: 10.1023/a:1009559014703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Transgenic and knockout mice have become valuable experimental systems with which to study specific molecular events within the mammary gland of an intact animal. These models have provided a wealth of information about the effects of a number of oncogenes and growth factors. This review focuses on results obtained from the application of transgenic and knockout models to determine the roles of insulin and insulin-like growth factors (IGF) in the regulation of mammary gland development, lactation and tumorigenesis. Transgenic models which overexpress IGF-I or -II display specific alterations in mammary gland development and an increased incidence of mammary tumors. Analysis of mammary gland development in knockout mice which are deficient in IGF-I or the IGF-I receptor supports the conclusion that the IGF system is important for normal mammary gland development. This review discusses these observations in detail and attempts to fit them into a larger picture of IGF and insulin action in the mammary gland.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D L Hadsell
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Valentinis B, Romano G, Peruzzi F, Morrione A, Prisco M, Soddu S, Cristofanelli B, Sacchi A, Baserga R. Growth and differentiation signals by the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor in hemopoietic cells are mediated through different pathways. J Biol Chem 1999; 274:12423-30. [PMID: 10212216 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.274.18.12423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-IR) plays an important role in the growth of cells both in vivo and in vitro. The IGF-IR is also capable of inducing differentiation in a number of cell types, raising the question of how the same receptor can send two seemingly contradictory signals, one for growth and one for differentiation. Using 32D cells, which are murine hemopoietic cells, we show that the activated IGF-IR can induce differentiation along the granulocytic pathway in a manner similar to the granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. We find that one of the major substrates of the IGF-IR, the insulin receptor substrate-1 inhibits IGF-I-mediated differentiation of 32D cells. In the absence of insulin receptor substrate-1, functional impairment of another major substrate of the IGF-IR, the Shc proteins, is associated with a decrease in the extent of differentiation. Although the end points of the respective pathways remain to be defined, these results show for the first time that IGF-I-mediated growth or differentiation of hemopoietic cells may depend on a balance between two of its substrates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Valentinis
- Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Romano G, Prisco M, Zanocco-Marani T, Peruzzi F, Valentinis B, Baserga R. Dissociation between resistance to apoptosis and the transformed phenotype in IGF-I receptor signaling. J Cell Biochem 1999; 72:294-310. [PMID: 10022512 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-4644(19990201)72:2<294::aid-jcb14>3.0.co;2-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Programmed Cell Death (PCD) is known to play an important role in both the development and the growth rate of human tumors. It has in fact been suggested that suppression of the apoptotic pathway is a requirement for the establishment of the transformed phenotype. In order to elucidate the relationship between resistance to apoptosis and transformation, we have asked in this investigation whether or not the two processes can be directly correlated. For this purpose, we have used mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEF) expressing either the wild-type or several mutants of the type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-IR). The wild-type IGF-IR has both transforming and anti-apoptotic activities, and we have asked whether these two activities can be or not separated in mutant receptors. Using this well-defined system, our results show that certain mutants of the IGF-IR that have strong anti-apoptotic and mitogenic activities, are incapable of transforming MEF (colony formation in soft agar). We have, instead, a good correlation between mitogenic and anti-apoptotic activities, suggesting the possibility that the two processes may share similar signaling pathways from the IGF-IR. On the other hand, our results indicate that transformation requires an additional signal, above and beyond the mitogenic and survival signals. Our conclusion is that, at least in this system, the establishment of the malignant phenotype and resistance to apoptosis can be dissociated, implying the possibility of separate targeting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Romano
- Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|