1
|
Gong Y, Li H, Wu J, Song X, Yang X, Bao X, Han X, Kitano M, Wang J, Hosono H. Unique Catalytic Mechanism for Ru-Loaded Ternary Intermetallic Electrides for Ammonia Synthesis. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:8683-8692. [PMID: 35507518 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c01899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Intermetallic electrides have recently shown their priority as catalyst components in ammonia synthesis and CO2 activation. However, their function mechanism has been elusive since its inception, which hinders the further development of such catalysts. In this work, ternary intermetallic electrides La-TM-Si (TM = Co, Fe, and Mn) were synthesized as hosts of ruthenium (Ru) particles for ammonia synthesis catalysis. Although they have the same crystal structure and possess low work functions commonly, the promotion effects on Ru particles rather differ from each other. The catalytic activity follows the sequence of Ru/LaCoSi > Ru/LaFeSi > Ru/LaMnSi. Furthermore, Ru/LaCoSi exhibits much better catalytic durability than the other two. A combination of experiments and first-principles calculations shows that apparent N2 activation energy on each catalyst is much lower than that over conventional Ru-based catalysts, which suggests that N2 dissociation can be conspicuously promoted by the concerted actions of the specific electronic structure and atomic configuration of intermetallic electride-supported catalysts. The NHx formations proceeded on La are energetically favored, which makes it possible to bypass the scaling relations based on only Ru as the active site. The rate-determining step of Ru/La-TM-Si was identified to be NH2 formation. The transition metal (TM) in La-TM-Si electrides has a significant influence on the metal-support interaction of Ru and La-TM-Si. These findings provide a guide for the development of new and effective catalyst hosts for ammonia synthesis and other hydrogenation reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongchen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiazhen Wu
- Materials Research Center for Element Strategy, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, P.R. China
| | - Xingyi Song
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueqing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobing Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, People's Republic of China
| | - Masaaki Kitano
- Materials Research Center for Element Strategy, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan
| | - Junjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, People's Republic of China
| | - Hideo Hosono
- Materials Research Center for Element Strategy, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wu S, Peng YK, Chen TY, Mo J, Large A, McPherson I, Chou HL, Wilkinson I, Venturini F, Grinter D, Ferrer Escorihuela P, Held G, Tsang SCE. Removal of Hydrogen Poisoning by Electrostatically Polar MgO Support for Low-Pressure NH3 Synthesis at a High Rate over the Ru Catalyst. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c00954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simson Wu
- Wolfson Catalysis Centre, Department of Chemistry University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QR, U.K
| | - Yung-Kang Peng
- Wolfson Catalysis Centre, Department of Chemistry University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QR, U.K
| | - Tian-Yi Chen
- Wolfson Catalysis Centre, Department of Chemistry University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QR, U.K
| | - Jiaying Mo
- Wolfson Catalysis Centre, Department of Chemistry University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QR, U.K
| | - Alex Large
- University of Reading, Reading RG6 6UR, U.K
| | - Ian McPherson
- Wolfson Catalysis Centre, Department of Chemistry University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QR, U.K
| | - Hung-Lung Chou
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Ian Wilkinson
- Siemens plc, CT NTF, Wharf Road, Oxford OX29 4BP, U.K
| | | | | | | | - Georg Held
- University of Reading, Reading RG6 6UR, U.K
- Diamond Light Source, Didcot OX11 0DE, U.K
| | - Shik Chi Edman Tsang
- Wolfson Catalysis Centre, Department of Chemistry University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QR, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yang X, Kattel S, Nash J, Chang X, Lee JH, Yan Y, Chen JG, Xu B. Quantification of Active Sites and Elucidation of the Reaction Mechanism of the Electrochemical Nitrogen Reduction Reaction on Vanadium Nitride. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:13768-13772. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201906449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Yang
- Center for Catalytic Science and Technology Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Delaware 150 Academy Street Newark DE 19716 USA
| | - Shyam Kattel
- Department of Physics Florida A&M University Tallahassee FL 32307 USA
| | - Jared Nash
- Center for Catalytic Science and Technology Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Delaware 150 Academy Street Newark DE 19716 USA
| | - Xiaoxia Chang
- Center for Catalytic Science and Technology Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Delaware 150 Academy Street Newark DE 19716 USA
| | - Ji Hoon Lee
- Chemistry Division Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton NY 11973 USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering Columbia University New York NY 10027 USA
| | - Yushan Yan
- Center for Catalytic Science and Technology Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Delaware 150 Academy Street Newark DE 19716 USA
| | - Jingguang G. Chen
- Chemistry Division Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton NY 11973 USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering Columbia University New York NY 10027 USA
| | - Bingjun Xu
- Center for Catalytic Science and Technology Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Delaware 150 Academy Street Newark DE 19716 USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yang X, Kattel S, Nash J, Chang X, Lee JH, Yan Y, Chen JG, Xu B. Quantification of Active Sites and Elucidation of the Reaction Mechanism of the Electrochemical Nitrogen Reduction Reaction on Vanadium Nitride. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201906449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Yang
- Center for Catalytic Science and Technology Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Delaware 150 Academy Street Newark DE 19716 USA
| | - Shyam Kattel
- Department of Physics Florida A&M University Tallahassee FL 32307 USA
| | - Jared Nash
- Center for Catalytic Science and Technology Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Delaware 150 Academy Street Newark DE 19716 USA
| | - Xiaoxia Chang
- Center for Catalytic Science and Technology Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Delaware 150 Academy Street Newark DE 19716 USA
| | - Ji Hoon Lee
- Chemistry Division Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton NY 11973 USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering Columbia University New York NY 10027 USA
| | - Yushan Yan
- Center for Catalytic Science and Technology Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Delaware 150 Academy Street Newark DE 19716 USA
| | - Jingguang G. Chen
- Chemistry Division Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton NY 11973 USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering Columbia University New York NY 10027 USA
| | - Bingjun Xu
- Center for Catalytic Science and Technology Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Delaware 150 Academy Street Newark DE 19716 USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Olds D, Page K, Paecklar A, Peterson PF, Liu J, Rucker G, Ruiz-Rodriguez M, Olsen M, Pawel M, Overbury SH, Neilson JR. A high precision gas flow cell for performing in situ neutron studies of local atomic structure in catalytic materials. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2017; 88:034101. [PMID: 28372394 DOI: 10.1063/1.4978287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Gas-solid interfaces enable a multitude of industrial processes, including heterogeneous catalysis; however, there are few methods available for studying the structure of this interface under operating conditions. Here, we present a new sample environment for interrogating materials under gas-flow conditions using time-of-flight neutron scattering under both constant and pulse probe gas flow. Outlined are descriptions of the gas flow cell and a commissioning example using the adsorption of N2 by Ca-exchanged zeolite-X (Na78-2xCaxAl78Si144O384,x ≈ 38). We demonstrate sensitivities to lattice contraction and N2 adsorption sites in the structure, with both static gas loading and gas flow. A steady-state isotope transient kinetic analysis of N2 adsorption measured simultaneously with mass spectrometry is also demonstrated. In the experiment, the gas flow through a plugged-flow gas-solid contactor is switched between N215 and N214 isotopes at a temperature of 300 K and a constant pressure of 1 atm; the gas flow and mass spectrum are correlated with the structure factor determined from event-based neutron total scattering. Available flow conditions, sample considerations, and future applications are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Olds
- Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Katharine Page
- Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Arnold Paecklar
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
| | - Peter F Peterson
- Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Jue Liu
- Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Gerald Rucker
- Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Mariano Ruiz-Rodriguez
- Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Michael Olsen
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
| | - Michelle Pawel
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Steven H Overbury
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - James R Neilson
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Affiliation(s)
- Michikazu Hara
- Laboratory
for Materials and Structures, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
- ACCEL, Japan Science
and Technology Agency, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Masaaki Kitano
- Materials
Research Center for Element Strategy, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Hideo Hosono
- Laboratory
for Materials and Structures, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
- Materials
Research Center for Element Strategy, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
- ACCEL, Japan Science
and Technology Agency, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kobayashi Y, Kitano M, Kawamura S, Yokoyama T, Hosono H. Kinetic evidence: the rate-determining step for ammonia synthesis over electride-supported Ru catalysts is no longer the nitrogen dissociation step. Catal Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cy01962e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The rate-determining step for ammonia synthesis over Ru catalysts supported by electrides, such as [Ca24Al28O64]4+(e−)4 and Ca2N:e−, is suggested to be the surface reactions of N and H adatoms, in which case the Langmuir–Hinshelwood model should be used to describe the kinetics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasukazu Kobayashi
- Materials Research Center for Element Strategy
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Midori-ku
- Japan
| | - Masaaki Kitano
- Materials Research Center for Element Strategy
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Midori-ku
- Japan
| | - Shigeki Kawamura
- Materials Research Center for Element Strategy
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Midori-ku
- Japan
| | - Toshiharu Yokoyama
- Materials Research Center for Element Strategy
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Midori-ku
- Japan
- ACCEL
| | - Hideo Hosono
- Materials Research Center for Element Strategy
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Midori-ku
- Japan
- ACCEL
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Marin CM, Li L, Bhalkikar A, Doyle JE, Zeng XC, Cheung CL. Kinetic and mechanistic investigations of the direct synthesis of dimethyl carbonate from carbon dioxide over ceria nanorod catalysts. J Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2016.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
9
|
Ammonia synthesis using a stable electride as an electron donor and reversible hydrogen store. Nat Chem 2012; 4:934-40. [DOI: 10.1038/nchem.1476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 864] [Impact Index Per Article: 72.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2012] [Accepted: 09/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
10
|
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Preparation of highly active ruthenium based catalysts and performance comparison of Ru catalyst and iron catalyst for ammonia synthesis. REACTION KINETICS MECHANISMS AND CATALYSIS 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11144-011-0330-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
11
|
ZHOU C, ZHU Y, LIU H. Effect of samarium on methanation resistance of activated carbon supported ruthenium catalyst for ammonia synthesis. J RARE EARTH 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1002-0721(09)60152-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
12
|
Liu N, Nie L, Xue N, Dong H, Peng L, Guo X, Ding W. Catalytic Ammonia Synthesis over Mo Nitride/ZSM-5. ChemCatChem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.200900155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
13
|
Schweyer-Tihay F, Estournès C, Braunstein P, Guille J, Paillaud JL, Richard-Plouet M, Rosé J. On the nature of metallic nanoparticles obtained from molecular Co3Ru–carbonyl clusters in mesoporous silica matrices. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2006; 8:4018-28. [PMID: 17028692 DOI: 10.1039/b603404g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report on the impregnation of THF solutions of the low-valent heterometallic cluster NEt(4)[Co(3)Ru(CO)(12)] into two mesoporous silica matrices, amorphous xerogels and ordered MCM-41, and a study of its thermal decomposition into metallic nanoparticles by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and in situ magnetic measurements under controlled atmospheres. The decomposition of the cluster was monitored as a function of temperature by examining the chemical composition of the particles, their size distributions and their structures as well as their magnetic properties. Treatment under inert atmosphere (i.e. argon) at temperatures below 200 degrees C resulted in the formation of segregated spherical particles of hcp-ruthenium (2.3 +/- 1.0 nm) and hcp-cobalt (3.1 +/- 0.9 nm). The latter is transformed to fcc-cobalt (3.2 +/- 1.0 nm) above 270 degrees C. At higher temperatures, Co-Ru alloying takes place and the Ru content of the particles increases with increasing temperature to reach the nominal composition of the molecular precursor, Co(3)Ru. The particles are more evenly distributed in the MCM-41 framework compared to the disordered xerogel and also show a narrower size distribution. Owing to the different magnetic anisotropy of hcp- and fcc-cobalt, which results in different blocking temperatures, we were able to clearly identify the products formed at the early stages of the thermal decomposition procedure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Schweyer-Tihay
- Groupe des Matériaux Inorganiques, Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux, UMR 7504 CNRS, 23 rue du Loess, 67037 Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Lima EJ, Ibarra IA, Vera MA, Lara VH, Bosch P, Bulbulian S. I. Cesium Leaching in CsA and CsX Zeolites. J Phys Chem B 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp048683i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Enrique J. Lima
- Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Iztapalapa, A. P. 55-532, Av. San Rafael Atlixco No. 186 Col. Vicentina, 09340 México D.F., Mexico, Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, A. P. 70−360, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 México D. F., Mexico, and Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, A. P. 18-1027, Col. Escandón, Delegación Miguel Hidalgo, 11801 México D. F., México
| | - Ilich A. Ibarra
- Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Iztapalapa, A. P. 55-532, Av. San Rafael Atlixco No. 186 Col. Vicentina, 09340 México D.F., Mexico, Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, A. P. 70−360, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 México D. F., Mexico, and Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, A. P. 18-1027, Col. Escandón, Delegación Miguel Hidalgo, 11801 México D. F., México
| | - Marco A. Vera
- Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Iztapalapa, A. P. 55-532, Av. San Rafael Atlixco No. 186 Col. Vicentina, 09340 México D.F., Mexico, Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, A. P. 70−360, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 México D. F., Mexico, and Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, A. P. 18-1027, Col. Escandón, Delegación Miguel Hidalgo, 11801 México D. F., México
| | - Victor H. Lara
- Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Iztapalapa, A. P. 55-532, Av. San Rafael Atlixco No. 186 Col. Vicentina, 09340 México D.F., Mexico, Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, A. P. 70−360, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 México D. F., Mexico, and Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, A. P. 18-1027, Col. Escandón, Delegación Miguel Hidalgo, 11801 México D. F., México
| | - Pedro Bosch
- Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Iztapalapa, A. P. 55-532, Av. San Rafael Atlixco No. 186 Col. Vicentina, 09340 México D.F., Mexico, Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, A. P. 70−360, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 México D. F., Mexico, and Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, A. P. 18-1027, Col. Escandón, Delegación Miguel Hidalgo, 11801 México D. F., México
| | - Silvia Bulbulian
- Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Iztapalapa, A. P. 55-532, Av. San Rafael Atlixco No. 186 Col. Vicentina, 09340 México D.F., Mexico, Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, A. P. 70−360, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 México D. F., Mexico, and Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, A. P. 18-1027, Col. Escandón, Delegación Miguel Hidalgo, 11801 México D. F., México
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Castillo-Villalón P, Ramírez J, Peltre MJ, Louis C, Massiani P. An UV-Visible study of the stability of the ruthenium hexaammine cation in BEA zeolites—comparison with NaY. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2004. [DOI: 10.1039/b401783h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
16
|
|
17
|
McClaine BC, Siporin SE, Davis RJ. X-ray and IR Spectroscopy of Barium-Promoted, Zeolite-Supported Ruthenium Catalysts for Ammonia Synthesis. J Phys Chem B 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/jp011027n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brian C. McClaine
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904-4741
| | - Stacey E. Siporin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904-4741
| | - Robert J. Davis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904-4741
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Hydrogen Spillover Effect in the Reduction of Barium Nitrate of Ru-Ba(NO3)2/AC Catalysts for Ammonia Synthesis. SPILLOVER AND MOBILITY OF SPECIES ON SOLID SURFACES 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-2991(01)80040-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
|
19
|
McClaine BC, Becue T, Lock C, Davis RJ. Kinetic analysis of ammonia synthesis catalyzed by barium-promoted ruthenium supported on zeolite X. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s1381-1169(00)00403-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
20
|
Hashimoto K, Toukai N. Decomposition of ammonia over a catalyst consisting of ruthenium metal and cerium oxides supported on Y-form zeolite. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s1381-1169(00)00332-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
21
|
Davis RJ. Relationships between basicity and reactivity of zeolite catalysts. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2000. [DOI: 10.1163/156856700x00057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|