Multiple quantum dynamics in linear chains and rings of nuclear spins in solids at low temperatures

MQ NMR dynamics in dipolar ordered state at negative temperature

We investigate theoretically the Multiple Quantum (MQ) NMR dynamics at negative absolute temperatures in systems of nuclear spins 1/2 coupled by the dipole-dipole interactions and with the initial conditions determined by the dipolar ordered state. Two different methods of MQ NMR are used. One of them is based on the measurement of the dipolar energy. The other method uses an additional resonance (π/4)y-pulse after the preparation period of the standard MQ NMR experiment. It is shown that at negative temperatures many-spin clusters and spin correlations are created faster, and the intensities of MQ coherences are higher than in the usual MQ NMR experiments. So, the eighth-order MQ coherence in 10-spin system of the cyclopentane molecule appears to be 1.5 times faster and its intensity is four orders higher than at positive temperatures. The proposed MQ NMR methods at negative absolute temperatures can be used for the investigation of many-spin dynamics of nuclear spins in solids.

Low temperature MQ NMR dynamics in dipolar ordered state

We investigate analytically and numerically the Multiple Quantum (MQ) NMR dynamics in dipolar ordered spin systems of nuclear spins 1/2 at low temperatures. We consider two different methods of MQ NMR. One of them is based on the measurement of the dipolar energy. The other method uses an additional resonance (π/4)y-pulse after the preparation period of the standard MQ NMR experiment in solids and allows one to measure the Zeeman energy. Both considered methods are sensitive to the contribution of remote spins in the interaction and to the spin system structure. The QS method is sensitive to the spin number in the molecule while the PS method gives very similar time dependencies of the intensities of MQ coherences for different spin numbers. It is shown that the use of the dipolar ordered initial state has the advantage of exciting the highest order MQ coherences in clusters of 4m identical spins, where m=1,2,3,…, that is impossible to do with the standard MQ method. MQ NMR methods based on the dipolar ordered initial states at low temperatures complement the standard NMR spectroscopy for better studying structures and dynamic processes in solids.

Effects of experimental imperfections on a spin counting experiment

Spin counting NMR is an experimental technique that allows a determination of the size and time evolution of networks of dipolar coupled nuclear spins. This work reports on an average Hamiltonian treatment of two spin counting sequences and compares the efficiency of the two cycles in the presence of flip errors, RF inhomogeneity, phase transients, phase errors, and offset interactions commonly present in NMR experiments. Simulations on small quantum systems performed using the two cycles reveal the effects of pulse imperfections on the resulting multiple quantum spectra, in qualitative agreement with the average Hamiltonian calculations. Experimental results on adamantane are presented, demonstrating differences in the two sequences in the presence of pulse errors.

Solid-state multiple quantum NMR in quantum information processing: exactly solvable models

Multiple quantum (MQ) NMR is an effective tool for the generation of a large cluster of correlated particles, which, in turn, represent a basis for quantum information processing devices. Studying the available exactly solvable models clarifies many aspects of the quantum information. In this study, we consider two exactly solvable models in the MQ NMR experiment: (i) the isolated system of two spin-1/2 particles (dimers) and (ii) the large system of equivalent spin-1/2 particles in a nanopore. The former model is used to describe the quantum correlations and their relations with the MQ NMR coherences, whereas the latter helps one to model the creation and decay of large clusters of correlated particles.

Multiple quantum NMR of spin-carrying molecules in nanopores: high order corrections to the two-spin/two-quantum Hamiltonian

This paper is devoted to multiple quantum (MQ) NMR spectroscopy in nanopores filled by a gas of spin-carrying molecules (s = 1/2) in a strong external magnetic field. It turns out that the high symmetry of the spin system in nanopores yields a possibility to overcome the problem of the exponential growth of the Hilbert space dimension with an increase in the number of spins and to investigate MQ NMR dynamics in systems consisting of several hundred spins. We investigate the dependence of the MQ coherence intensities on their order (the profile of the MQ coherence intensities) for a spin system governed by the standard MQ NMR Hamiltonian (the nonsecular two-spin/two-quantum Hamiltonian) together with the second order correction of average Hamiltonian theory. It is shown that the profile depends on the value of this correction and varies from an exponential to a logarithmic one.

Multiple quantum NMR dynamics in pseudopure states

We investigate numerically the multiple quantum (MQ) NMR dynamics in systems of nuclear spins 1/2 coupled by dipole-dipole interactions in the case of the pseudopure initial state. Simulations of the MQ NMR with real molecular structures such as six dipolar-coupled proton spins of benzene, hydroxyl proton chains in calcium hydroxyapatite, and fluorine chains in calcium fluorapatite open the way to experimental NMR testing of the obtained results. It was found that multiple-spin correlations are created faster in such experiments than in the usual MQ NMR experiments and can be used for the investigation of many-spin dynamics of nuclear spins in solids.