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Kroon J, Gentenaar M, Moll TJA, Hunt H, Meijer OC. Glucocorticoid receptor modulator CORT125385 alleviates diet-induced hepatosteatosis in male and female mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 957:176012. [PMID: 37634839 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common condition that can progress to the more severe conditions like non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) for which limited effective therapeutic options are available. In this study, we set out to evaluate the novel glucocorticoid receptor modulator CORT125385, an analogue of the previously studied miricorilant but without mineralocorticoid receptor binding activity. Male and female mice that received high-fat diet and fructose water were treated with either vehicle, CORT125385 or mifepristone. We found that CORT125385 significantly lowered hepatic triglyceride levels in male mice, and hepatic triglyceride and cholesterol levels in female mice. Mifepristone treatment had no effect in male mice, but significantly lowered hepatic triglyceride and cholesterol levels in female mice. In reporter assays in vitro, CORT125385 showed weak partial agonism on the progesterone receptor (PR) at high doses, as well as PR antagonism at a potency 1000-fold lower than mifepristone. In vivo, CORT125385 treatment did not influence PR-responsive gene expression in the oviduct, while mifepristone treatment strongly influenced these genes in the oviduct, thus excluding in vivo PR cross-reactivity of CORT125385 at a therapeutically active dose. We conclude that CORT125385 is a promising glucocorticoid receptor modulator that effectively reduces liver steatosis in male and female mice without affecting other steroid receptors at doses that lower hepatic lipid content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Kroon
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Corcept Therapeutics, Menlo Park, CA, USA.
| | - Max Gentenaar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Tijmen J A Moll
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Hazel Hunt
- Corcept Therapeutics, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Onno C Meijer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
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2
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The infralimbic mineralocorticoid blockage prevents the stress-induced impairment of aversive memory extinction in rats. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:343. [PMID: 35999226 PMCID: PMC9399104 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-02118-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Individuals deal with adversity and return to a normal lifestyle when adversity ends. Nevertheless, in specific cases, traumas may be preceded by memory distortions in stress-related malaises, and memory extinction impairment is strictly associated with the symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder. Glucocorticoids (GCs), the central stress mediator, target mineralocorticoid (MR) and glucocorticoid (GR) receptors and coordinate stress responses. Despite MRs being present in brain regions essential to cognition, emotions, and initial stress processing, such as the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), most studies attempt to elucidate the stress-induced deleterious actions of GCs via GR. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the relationship between stress, infralimbic mPFC (IL), and memory and how MR-mediated intracellular signaling influences this relationship and modulates memory extinction. We observed that acutely restraint-stressed male Wistar rats showed high corticosterone (CORT) levels, and previous intra-IL-spironolactone administration (a selective MR antagonist) decreased it 60 min after the stress started. Intra-IL-CORT118335, a novel mixed MR/GR selective modulator, increased CORT throughout stress exposure. Ten days after stress, all rats increased freezing in the memory retrieval test and acquired the aversive contextual memory. During the extinction test, intra-IL injection of spironolactone, but not CORT118335, prevented the stress-impaired memory extinction, suggesting that the IL-MR activity controls CORT concentration, and it is crucial to the establishment of late extinction impairment. Also, the concomitant GR full activation overrode MR blockage. It increased CORT levels leading to the stress-induced extinction memory impairment, reinforcing that the MR/GR balance is crucial to predicting stress-induced behavioral outcomes.
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3
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Clarisse D, Deng L, de Bosscher K, Lother A. Approaches towards tissue-selective pharmacology of the mineralocorticoid receptor. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 179:3235-3249. [PMID: 34698367 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) are highly effective therapies for cardiovascular and renal disease. However, the widespread clinical use of currently available MRAs in cardiorenal medicine is hampered by an increased risk of hyperkalemia. The mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) is a nuclear receptor responsible for fluid and electrolyte homeostasis in epithelial tissues, whereas pathophysiological MR activation in nonepithelial tissues leads to undesirable pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic effects. Therefore, new strategies that selectively target the deleterious effects of MR but spare its physiological function are needed. In this review, we discuss recent pharmacological developments starting from novel non-steroidal MRAs that are now entering clinical use, such as finerenone or esaxerenone, to concepts arising from the current knowledge of the MR signaling pathway, aiming at receptor-coregulator interaction, epigenetics, or downstream effectors of MR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorien Clarisse
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Translational Nuclear Receptor Research, VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lisa Deng
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Karolien de Bosscher
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Translational Nuclear Receptor Research, VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Achim Lother
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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4
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Koorneef LL, Kroon J, Viho EMG, Wahl LF, Heckmans KML, van Dorst MMAR, Hoekstra M, Houtman R, Hunt H, Meijer OC. The selective glucocorticoid receptor antagonist CORT125281 has tissue-specific activity. J Endocrinol 2020; 246:79-92. [PMID: 32369774 PMCID: PMC7274539 DOI: 10.1530/joe-19-0486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids mediate numerous essential processes in the human body via binding to the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). Excessive GR signaling can cause disease, and GR antagonists can be used to treat many symptoms of glucocorticoid-induced pathology. The purpose of this study was to characterize the tissue-specific properties of the selective GR antagonist CORT125281. We evaluated the antagonistic effects of CORT125281 upon acute and subchronic corticosterone exposure in mice. In the acute corticosterone setting, hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal-axis activity was investigated by measurement of basal- and stress-induced corticosterone levels, adrenocorticotropic hormone levels and pituitary proopiomelanocortin expression. GR signaling was evaluated by RT-PCR analysis of GR-responsive transcripts in liver, muscle, brown adipose tissue (BAT), white adipose tissue (WAT) and hippocampus. Pretreatment with a high dose of CORT125281 antagonized GR activity in a tissue-dependent manner. We observed complete inhibition of GR-induced target gene expression in the liver, partial blockade in muscle and BAT and no antagonism in WAT and hippocampus. Tissue distribution only partially explained the lack of effective antagonism. CORT125281 treatment did not disinhibit the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal neuroendocrine axis. In the subchronic corticosterone setting, CORT125281 partially prevented corticosterone-induced hyperinsulinemia, but not hyperlipidemia and immune suppression. In conclusion, CORT125281 antagonizes GR transcriptional activity in a tissue-dependent manner and improves corticosterone-induced hyperinsulinemia. Tailored dosing of CORT125281 may allow tissue-specific inhibition of GR transcriptional activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa L Koorneef
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Kroon
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Eva M G Viho
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Lucas F Wahl
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Kim M L Heckmans
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marloes M A R van Dorst
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Menno Hoekstra
- Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - René Houtman
- Pamgene International, Den Bosch, The Netherlands
| | - Hazel Hunt
- Corcept Therapeutics, Menlo Park, California, USA
| | - Onno C Meijer
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Correspondence should be addressed to O C Meijer:
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5
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Koning ASCAM, Buurstede JC, van Weert LTCM, Meijer OC. Glucocorticoid and Mineralocorticoid Receptors in the Brain: A Transcriptional Perspective. J Endocr Soc 2019; 3:1917-1930. [PMID: 31598572 PMCID: PMC6777400 DOI: 10.1210/js.2019-00158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Adrenal glucocorticoid hormones are crucial for maintenance of homeostasis and adaptation to stress. They act via the mineralocorticoid receptors (MRs) and glucocorticoid receptors (GRs)-members of the family of nuclear receptors. MRs and GRs can mediate distinct, sometimes opposite, effects of glucocorticoids. Both receptor types can mediate nongenomic steroid effects, but they are best understood as ligand-activated transcription factors. MR and GR protein structure is similar; the receptors can form heterodimers on the DNA at glucocorticoid response elements (GREs), and they share a number of target genes. The transcriptional basis for opposite effects on cellular physiology remains largely unknown, in particular with respect to MR-selective gene transcription. In this review, we discuss proven and potential mechanisms of transcriptional specificity for MRs and GRs. These include unique GR binding to "negative GREs," direct binding to other transcription factors, and binding to specific DNA sequences in conjunction with other transcription factors, as is the case for MRs and NeuroD proteins in the brain. MR- and GR-specific effects may also depend on specific interactions with transcriptional coregulators, downstream mediators of transcriptional receptor activity. Current data suggest that the relative importance of these mechanisms depends on the tissue and physiological context. Insight into these processes may not only allow a better understanding of homeostatic regulation but also the development of drugs that target specific aspects of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Sophie C A M Koning
- Einthoven Laboratory and Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, RC Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Jacobus C Buurstede
- Einthoven Laboratory and Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, RC Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Lisa T C M van Weert
- Einthoven Laboratory and Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, RC Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Onno C Meijer
- Einthoven Laboratory and Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, RC Leiden, Netherlands
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6
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Cato L, de Tribolet-Hardy J, Lee I, Rottenberg JT, Coleman I, Melchers D, Houtman R, Xiao T, Li W, Uo T, Sun S, Kuznik NC, Göppert B, Ozgun F, van Royen ME, Houtsmuller AB, Vadhi R, Rao PK, Li L, Balk SP, Den RB, Trock BJ, Karnes RJ, Jenkins RB, Klein EA, Davicioni E, Gruhl FJ, Long HW, Liu XS, Cato ACB, Lack NA, Nelson PS, Plymate SR, Groner AC, Brown M. ARv7 Represses Tumor-Suppressor Genes in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer. Cancer Cell 2019; 35:401-413.e6. [PMID: 30773341 PMCID: PMC7246081 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2019.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer (PCa) benefits patients with early disease, but becomes ineffective as PCa progresses to a castration-resistant state (CRPC). Initially CRPC remains dependent on androgen receptor (AR) signaling, often through increased expression of full-length AR (ARfl) or expression of dominantly active splice variants such as ARv7. We show in ARv7-dependent CRPC models that ARv7 binds together with ARfl to repress transcription of a set of growth-suppressive genes. Expression of the ARv7-repressed targets and ARv7 protein expression are negatively correlated and predicts for outcome in PCa patients. Our results provide insights into the role of ARv7 in CRPC and define a set of potential biomarkers for tumors dependent on ARv7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Cato
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Jonas de Tribolet-Hardy
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Irene Lee
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Jaice T Rottenberg
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Ilsa Coleman
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Diana Melchers
- PamGene International B.V., 5211 HH Den Bosch, the Netherlands
| | - René Houtman
- PamGene International B.V., 5211 HH Den Bosch, the Netherlands
| | - Tengfei Xiao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Wei Li
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Takuma Uo
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine and GRECC-VAPSHCS, Seattle, WA 98104, USA
| | - Shihua Sun
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine and GRECC-VAPSHCS, Seattle, WA 98104, USA
| | - Nane C Kuznik
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Bettina Göppert
- Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Fatma Ozgun
- School of Medicine, Koç University, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Martin E van Royen
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus Optical Imaging Centre, Erasmus MC, 3015 GE Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Adriaan B Houtsmuller
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus Optical Imaging Centre, Erasmus MC, 3015 GE Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Raga Vadhi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Prakash K Rao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Lewyn Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Steven P Balk
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Robert B Den
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Bruce J Trock
- Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | | | - Robert B Jenkins
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Eric A Klein
- Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | | | - Friederike J Gruhl
- Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Henry W Long
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - X Shirley Liu
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Andrew C B Cato
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Nathan A Lack
- School of Medicine, Koç University, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey; Vancouver Prostate Center, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Peter S Nelson
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Stephen R Plymate
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine and GRECC-VAPSHCS, Seattle, WA 98104, USA.
| | - Anna C Groner
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, 4058 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Myles Brown
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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7
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Viho EMG, Buurstede JC, Mahfouz A, Koorneef LL, van Weert LTCM, Houtman R, Hunt HJ, Kroon J, Meijer OC. Corticosteroid Action in the Brain: The Potential of Selective Receptor Modulation. Neuroendocrinology 2019; 109:266-276. [PMID: 30884490 PMCID: PMC6878852 DOI: 10.1159/000499659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticoid hormones have important effects on brain function in the context of acute and chronic stress. Many of these are mediated by the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). GR has transcriptional activity which is highly context-specific and differs between tissues and even between cell types. The outcome of GR-mediated transcription depends on the interactome of associated coregulators. Selective GR modulators (SGRMs) are a class of GR ligands that can be used to activate only a subset of GR-coregulator interactions, thereby giving the possibility to induce a unique combination of agonistic and antagonistic GR properties. We describe SGRM action in animal models of brain function and pathology, and argue for their utility as molecular filters, to characterize context-specific GR interactome and transcriptional activity that are responsible for particular glucocorticoid-driven effects in cognitive processes such as memory consolidation. The ultimate objective of this approach is to identify molecular processes that are responsible for adaptive and maladaptive effects of glucocorticoids in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva M G Viho
- Division of Endocrinology, Department Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jacobus C Buurstede
- Division of Endocrinology, Department Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ahmed Mahfouz
- Delft Bioinformatics Laboratory, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
- Leiden Computational Biology Center, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Lisa L Koorneef
- Division of Endocrinology, Department Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Lisa T C M van Weert
- Division of Endocrinology, Department Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Hazel J Hunt
- Corcept Therapeutics, Menlo Park, California, USA
| | - Jan Kroon
- Division of Endocrinology, Department Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Onno C Meijer
- Division of Endocrinology, Department Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands,
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands,
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8
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Meijer OC, Buurstede JC, Schaaf MJM. Corticosteroid Receptors in the Brain: Transcriptional Mechanisms for Specificity and Context-Dependent Effects. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2018; 39:539-549. [PMID: 30291573 PMCID: PMC6469829 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-018-0625-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Corticosteroid hormones act in the brain to support adaptation to stress via binding to mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid receptors (MR and GR). These receptors act in large measure as transcription factors. Corticosteroid effects can be highly divergent, depending on the receptor type, but also on brain region, cell type, and physiological context. These differences ultimately depend on differential interactions of MR and GR with other proteins, which determine ligand binding, nuclear translocation, and transcriptional activities. In this review, we discuss established and potential mechanisms that confer receptor and cell type-specific effects of the MR and GR-mediated transcriptional effects in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onno C Meijer
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands. .,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - J C Buurstede
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel J M Schaaf
- Department of Animal Sciences and Health (M.J.M.S.), Institute of Biology, Leiden University, 2333 CC, Leiden, The Netherlands
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9
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Broekema MF, Hollman DAA, Koppen A, van den Ham HJ, Melchers D, Pijnenburg D, Ruijtenbeek R, van Mil SWC, Houtman R, Kalkhoven E. Profiling of 3696 Nuclear Receptor-Coregulator Interactions: A Resource for Biological and Clinical Discovery. Endocrinology 2018; 159:2397-2407. [PMID: 29718163 DOI: 10.1210/en.2018-00149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear receptors (NRs) are ligand-inducible transcription factors that play critical roles in metazoan development, reproduction, and physiology and therefore are implicated in a broad range of pathologies. The transcriptional activity of NRs critically depends on their interaction(s) with transcriptional coregulator proteins, including coactivators and corepressors. Short leucine-rich peptide motifs in these proteins (LxxLL in coactivators and LxxxIxxxL in corepressors) are essential and sufficient for NR binding. With 350 different coregulator proteins identified to date and with many coregulators containing multiple interaction motifs, an enormous combinatorial potential is present for selective NR-mediated gene regulation. However, NR-coregulator interactions have often been determined experimentally on a one-to-one basis across diverse experimental conditions. In addition, NR-coregulator interactions are difficult to predict because the molecular determinants that govern specificity are not well established. Therefore, many biologically and clinically relevant NR-coregulator interactions may remain to be discovered. Here, we present a comprehensive overview of 3696 NR-coregulator interactions by systematically characterizing the binding of 24 nuclear receptors with 154 coregulator peptides. We identified unique ligand-dependent NR-coregulator interaction profiles for each NR, confirming many well-established NR-coregulator interactions. Hierarchical clustering based on the NR-coregulator interaction profiles largely recapitulates the classification of NR subfamilies based on the primary amino acid sequences of the ligand-binding domains, indicating that amino acid sequence is an important, although not the only, molecular determinant in directing and fine-tuning NR-coregulator interactions. This NR-coregulator peptide interactome provides an open data resource for future biological and clinical discovery as well as NR-based drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjoleine F Broekema
- Molecular Cancer Research and Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, CG Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Danielle A A Hollman
- Molecular Cancer Research and Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, CG Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Arjen Koppen
- Molecular Cancer Research and Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, CG Utrecht, Netherlands
| | | | - Diana Melchers
- PamGene International B. V., BJ 's-Hertogenbosch, Netherlands
| | - Dirk Pijnenburg
- PamGene International B. V., BJ 's-Hertogenbosch, Netherlands
| | - Rob Ruijtenbeek
- PamGene International B. V., BJ 's-Hertogenbosch, Netherlands
| | - Saskia W C van Mil
- Molecular Cancer Research and Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, CG Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - René Houtman
- PamGene International B. V., BJ 's-Hertogenbosch, Netherlands
| | - Eric Kalkhoven
- Molecular Cancer Research and Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, CG Utrecht, Netherlands
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10
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West DC, Kocherginsky M, Tonsing-Carter EY, Dolcen DN, Hosfield DJ, Lastra RR, Sinnwell JP, Thompson KJ, Bowie KR, Harkless RV, Skor MN, Pierce CF, Styke SC, Kim CR, de Wet L, Greene GL, Boughey JC, Goetz MP, Kalari KR, Wang L, Fleming GF, Györffy B, Conzen SD. Discovery of a Glucocorticoid Receptor (GR) Activity Signature Using Selective GR Antagonism in ER-Negative Breast Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 24:3433-3446. [PMID: 29636357 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-2793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Although high glucocorticoid receptor (GR) expression in early-stage estrogen receptor (ER)-negative breast cancer is associated with shortened relapse-free survival (RFS), how associated GR transcriptional activity contributes to aggressive breast cancer behavior is not well understood. Using potent GR antagonists and primary tumor gene expression data, we sought to identify a tumor-relevant gene signature based on GR activity that would be more predictive than GR expression alone.Experimental Design: Global gene expression and GR ChIP-sequencing were performed to identify GR-regulated genes inhibited by two chemically distinct GR antagonists, mifepristone and CORT108297. Differentially expressed genes from MDA-MB-231 cells were cross-evaluated with significantly expressed genes in GR-high versus GR-low ER-negative primary breast cancers. The resulting subset of GR-targeted genes was analyzed in two independent ER-negative breast cancer cohorts to derive and then validate the GR activity signature (GRsig).Results: Gene expression pathway analysis of glucocorticoid-regulated genes (inhibited by GR antagonism) revealed cell survival and invasion functions. GR ChIP-seq analysis demonstrated that GR antagonists decreased GR chromatin association for a subset of genes. A GRsig that comprised n = 74 GR activation-associated genes (also reversed by GR antagonists) was derived from an adjuvant chemotherapy-treated Discovery cohort and found to predict probability of relapse in a separate Validation cohort (HR = 1.9; P = 0.012).Conclusions: The GRsig discovered herein identifies high-risk ER-negative/GR-positive breast cancers most likely to relapse despite administration of adjuvant chemotherapy. Because GR antagonism can reverse expression of these genes, we propose that addition of a GR antagonist to chemotherapy may improve outcome for these high-risk patients. Clin Cancer Res; 24(14); 3433-46. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana C West
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Chemistry and Physics, Ave Maria University, Ave Maria, Florida
| | - Masha Kocherginsky
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | - D Nesli Dolcen
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - David J Hosfield
- Ben May Department for Cancer Research, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Ricardo R Lastra
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jason P Sinnwell
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Kevin J Thompson
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Kathleen R Bowie
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Ryan V Harkless
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Maxwell N Skor
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Charles F Pierce
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Sarah C Styke
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Caroline R Kim
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Larischa de Wet
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Geoffrey L Greene
- Ben May Department for Cancer Research, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Judy C Boughey
- Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Matthew P Goetz
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Krishna R Kalari
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Liewei Wang
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Gini F Fleming
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Balázs Györffy
- MTA-TTK Lendület Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Budapest, Hungary.,Semmelweis University, Second Department of Pediatrics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Suzanne D Conzen
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois. .,Ben May Department for Cancer Research, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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11
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Clarisse D, Thommis J, Van Wesemael K, Houtman R, Ratman D, Tavernier J, Offner F, Beck I, De Bosscher K. Coregulator profiling of the glucocorticoid receptor in lymphoid malignancies. Oncotarget 2017; 8:109675-109691. [PMID: 29312638 PMCID: PMC5752551 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Coregulators cooperate with nuclear receptors, such as the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), to enhance or repress transcription. These regulatory proteins are implicated in cancer, yet, their role in lymphoid malignancies, including multiple myeloma (MM) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), is largely unknown. Here, we report the use and extension of the microarray assay for real-time nuclear receptor coregulator interactions (MARCoNI) technology to detect coregulator associations with endogenous GR in cell lysates. We use MARCoNI to determine the GR coregulator profile of glucocorticoid-sensitive (MM and ALL) and glucocorticoid-resistant (ALL) cells, and identify common and unique coregulators for different cell line comparisons. Overall, we identify SRC-1/2/3, PGC-1α, RIP140 and DAX-1 as the strongest interacting coregulators of GR in MM and ALL cells and show that the interaction strength does not correlate with GR protein levels. Lastly, as a step towards patient samples, we determine the GR coregulator profile of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. We profile the interactions between GR and coregulators in MM and ALL cells and suggest to further explore the GR coregulator profile in hematological patient samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorien Clarisse
- Receptor Research Laboratories, Nuclear Receptor Lab (NRL) and Cytokine Receptor Lab (CRL), VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research (LECR), Department of Radiation Oncology and Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jonathan Thommis
- Receptor Research Laboratories, Nuclear Receptor Lab (NRL) and Cytokine Receptor Lab (CRL), VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Karlien Van Wesemael
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research (LECR), Department of Radiation Oncology and Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - René Houtman
- PamGene International B.V., 's Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands
| | - Dariusz Ratman
- Receptor Research Laboratories, Nuclear Receptor Lab (NRL) and Cytokine Receptor Lab (CRL), VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Current/Present address: Roche Global IT Solutions, Roche-Polska, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jan Tavernier
- Receptor Research Laboratories, Nuclear Receptor Lab (NRL) and Cytokine Receptor Lab (CRL), VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Fritz Offner
- Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ilse Beck
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research (LECR), Department of Radiation Oncology and Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Health Sciences, Odisee University College, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Karolien De Bosscher
- Receptor Research Laboratories, Nuclear Receptor Lab (NRL) and Cytokine Receptor Lab (CRL), VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
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12
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Chirumamilla CS, Palagani A, Kamaraj B, Declerck K, Verbeek MWC, Oksana R, De Bosscher K, Bougarne N, Ruttens B, Gevaert K, Houtman R, De Vos WH, Joossens J, Van Der Veken P, Augustyns K, Van Ostade X, Bogaerts A, De Winter H, Vanden Berghe W. Selective Glucocorticoid Receptor Properties of GSK866 Analogs with Cysteine Reactive Warheads. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1324. [PMID: 29163463 PMCID: PMC5672024 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthetic glucocorticoids (GC) are the mainstay therapy for treatment of acute and chronic inflammatory disorders. Due to the high adverse effects associated with long-term use, GC pharmacology has focused since the nineties on more selective GC ligand-binding strategies, classified as selective glucocorticoid receptor (GR) agonists (SEGRAs) or selective glucocorticoid receptor modulators (SEGRMs). In the current study, GSK866 analogs with electrophilic covalent-binding warheads were developed with potential SEGRA properties to improve their clinical safety profile for long-lasting topical skin disease applications. Since the off-rate of a covalently binding drug is negligible compared to that of a non-covalent drug, its therapeutic effects can be prolonged and typically, smaller doses of the drug are necessary to reach the same level of therapeutic efficacy, thereby potentially reducing systemic side effects. Different analogs of SEGRA GSK866 coupled to cysteine reactive warheads were characterized for GR potency and selectivity in various biochemical and cellular assays. GR- and NFκB-dependent reporter gene studies show favorable anti-inflammatory properties with reduced GR transactivation of two non-steroidal GSK866 analogs UAMC-1217 and UAMC-1218, whereas UAMC-1158 and UAMC-1159 compounds failed to modulate cellular GR activity. These results were further supported by GR immuno-localization and S211 phospho-GR western analysis, illustrating significant GR phosphoactivation and nuclear translocation upon treatment of GSK866, UAMC-1217, or UAMC-1218, but not in case of UAMC-1158 or UAMC-1159. Furthermore, mass spectrometry analysis of tryptic peptides of recombinant GR ligand-binding domain (LBD) bound to UAMC-1217 or UAMC-1218 confirmed covalent cysteine-dependent GR binding. Finally, molecular dynamics simulations, as well as glucocorticoid receptor ligand-binding domain (GR-LBD) coregulator interaction profiling of the GR-LBD bound to GSK866 or its covalently binding analogs UAMC-1217 or UAMC-1218 revealed subtle conformational differences that might underlie their SEGRA properties. Altogether, GSK866 analogs UAMC-1217 and UAMC-1218 hold promise as a novel class of covalent-binding SEGRA ligands for the treatment of topical inflammatory skin disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandra S Chirumamilla
- Laboratory of Protein Chemistry, Proteomics and Epigenetic Signalling, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ajay Palagani
- Laboratory of Protein Chemistry, Proteomics and Epigenetic Signalling, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Balu Kamaraj
- Research Group PLASMANT, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ken Declerck
- Laboratory of Protein Chemistry, Proteomics and Epigenetic Signalling, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Marinus W C Verbeek
- Laboratory of Protein Chemistry, Proteomics and Epigenetic Signalling, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ryabtsova Oksana
- Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Karolien De Bosscher
- Receptor Research Laboratories, Nuclear Receptor Lab (NRL) and Cytokine Receptor Lab (CRL), VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nadia Bougarne
- Receptor Research Laboratories, Nuclear Receptor Lab (NRL) and Cytokine Receptor Lab (CRL), VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bart Ruttens
- Center for Medical Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, VIB, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kris Gevaert
- Center for Medical Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, VIB, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - René Houtman
- PamGene International B.V., Den Bosch, Netherlands
| | - Winnok H De Vos
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jurgen Joossens
- Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Pieter Van Der Veken
- Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Koen Augustyns
- Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Xaveer Van Ostade
- Laboratory of Protein Chemistry, Proteomics and Epigenetic Signalling, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Annemie Bogaerts
- Research Group PLASMANT, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Hans De Winter
- Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Wim Vanden Berghe
- Laboratory of Protein Chemistry, Proteomics and Epigenetic Signalling, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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13
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Morgan RA, Beck KR, Nixon M, Homer NZM, Crawford AA, Melchers D, Houtman R, Meijer OC, Stomby A, Anderson AJ, Upreti R, Stimson RH, Olsson T, Michoel T, Cohain A, Ruusalepp A, Schadt EE, Björkegren JLM, Andrew R, Kenyon CJ, Hadoke PWF, Odermatt A, Keen JA, Walker BR. Carbonyl reductase 1 catalyzes 20β-reduction of glucocorticoids, modulating receptor activation and metabolic complications of obesity. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10633. [PMID: 28878267 PMCID: PMC5587574 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10410-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbonyl Reductase 1 (CBR1) is a ubiquitously expressed cytosolic enzyme important in exogenous drug metabolism but the physiological function of which is unknown. Here, we describe a role for CBR1 in metabolism of glucocorticoids. CBR1 catalyzes the NADPH- dependent production of 20β-dihydrocortisol (20β-DHF) from cortisol. CBR1 provides the major route of cortisol metabolism in horses and is up-regulated in adipose tissue in obesity in horses, humans and mice. We demonstrate that 20β-DHF is a weak endogenous agonist of the human glucocorticoid receptor (GR). Pharmacological inhibition of CBR1 in diet-induced obesity in mice results in more marked glucose intolerance with evidence for enhanced hepatic GR signaling. These findings suggest that CBR1 generating 20β-dihydrocortisol is a novel pathway modulating GR activation and providing enzymatic protection against excessive GR activation in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth A Morgan
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK. .,Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
| | - Katharina R Beck
- Division of Molecular and Systems Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mark Nixon
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Natalie Z M Homer
- Mass Spectrometry Core Laboratory, Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Facility, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Andrew A Crawford
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | - René Houtman
- PamGene International, Den Bosch, The Netherlands
| | - Onno C Meijer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Andreas Stomby
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Anna J Anderson
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Rita Upreti
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Roland H Stimson
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Tommy Olsson
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Tom Michoel
- The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ariella Cohain
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Arno Ruusalepp
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translation Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Clinical Gene Networks AB, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Cardiac Surgery, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Eric E Schadt
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Johan L M Björkegren
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA.,Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translation Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Clinical Gene Networks AB, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Cardiac Surgery, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia.,Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ruth Andrew
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Mass Spectrometry Core Laboratory, Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Facility, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Christopher J Kenyon
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Patrick W F Hadoke
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Alex Odermatt
- Division of Molecular and Systems Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - John A Keen
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Brian R Walker
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Mass Spectrometry Core Laboratory, Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Facility, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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14
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Compound A influences gene regulation of the Dexamethasone-activated glucocorticoid receptor by alternative cofactor recruitment. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8063. [PMID: 28808239 PMCID: PMC5556032 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07941-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is a transcription factor of which the underlying gene regulatory mechanisms are complex and incompletely understood. The non-steroidal anti-inflammatory Compound A (CpdA), a selective GR modulating compound in various cell models, has been shown to favour GR-mediated gene repression but not GR-mediated gene activation. Shifting balances towards only a particular subset of GR gene regulatory events may be of benefit in the treatment of inflammatory diseases. We present evidence to support that the combination of CpdA with Dexamethasone (DEX), a classic steroidal GR ligand, can shape GR function towards a unique gene regulatory profile in a cell type-dependent manner. The molecular basis hereof is a changed GR phosphorylation status concomitant with a change in the GR cofactor recruitment profile. We subsequently identified and confirmed the orphan nuclear receptor SHP as a coregulator that is specifically enriched at GR when CpdA and DEX are combined. Combining CpdA with DEX not only leads to stronger suppression of pro-inflammatory gene expression, but also enhanced anti-inflammatory GR target gene expression in epithelial cells, making ligand combination strategies in future a potentially attractive alternative manner of skewing and fine-tuning GR effects towards an improved therapeutic benefit.
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15
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Zielińska KA, Van Moortel L, Opdenakker G, De Bosscher K, Van den Steen PE. Endothelial Response to Glucocorticoids in Inflammatory Diseases. Front Immunol 2016; 7:592. [PMID: 28018358 PMCID: PMC5155119 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The endothelium plays a crucial role in inflammation. A balanced control of inflammation requires the action of glucocorticoids (GCs), steroidal hormones with potent cell-specific anti-inflammatory properties. Besides the classic anti-inflammatory effects of GCs on leukocytes, recent studies confirm that endothelial cells also represent an important target for GCs. GCs regulate different aspects of endothelial physiology including expression of adhesion molecules, production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, and maintenance of endothelial barrier integrity. However, the regulation of endothelial GC sensitivity remains incompletely understood. In this review, we specifically examine the endothelial response to GCs in various inflammatory diseases ranging from multiple sclerosis, stroke, sepsis, and vasculitis to atherosclerosis. Shedding more light on the cross talk between GCs and endothelium will help to improve existing therapeutic strategies and develop new therapies better tailored to the needs of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina A. Zielińska
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Laura Van Moortel
- Receptor Research Laboratories, Nuclear Receptor Lab, VIB-UGent, VIB Medical Biotechnology Center, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ghislain Opdenakker
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Karolien De Bosscher
- Receptor Research Laboratories, Nuclear Receptor Lab, VIB-UGent, VIB Medical Biotechnology Center, Ghent, Belgium
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16
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De Bosscher K, Beck IM, Ratman D, Berghe WV, Libert C. Activation of the Glucocorticoid Receptor in Acute Inflammation: the SEDIGRAM Concept. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2016; 37:4-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2015.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Revised: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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17
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Atucha E, Zalachoras I, van den Heuvel JK, van Weert LTCM, Melchers D, Mol IM, Belanoff JK, Houtman R, Hunt H, Roozendaal B, Meijer OC. A Mixed Glucocorticoid/Mineralocorticoid Selective Modulator With Dominant Antagonism in the Male Rat Brain. Endocrinology 2015; 156:4105-14. [PMID: 26305887 DOI: 10.1210/en.2015-1390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Adrenal glucocorticoid hormones are potent modulators of brain function in the context of acute and chronic stress. Both mineralocorticoid (MRs) and glucocorticoid receptors (GRs) can mediate these effects. We studied the brain effects of a novel ligand, C118335, with high affinity for GRs and modest affinity for MRs. In vitro profiling of receptor-coregulator interactions suggested that the compound is a "selective modulator" type compound for GRs that can have both agonistic and antagonistic effects. Its molecular profile for MRs was highly similar to those of the full antagonists spironolactone and eplerenone. C118335 showed predominantly antagonistic effects on hippocampal mRNA regulation of known glucocorticoid target genes. Likewise, systemic administration of C118335 blocked the GR-mediated posttraining corticosterone-induced enhancement of memory consolidation in an inhibitory avoidance task. Posttraining administration of C118335, however, gave a strong and dose-dependent impairment of memory consolidation that, surprisingly, reflected involvement of MRs and not GRs. Finally, C118335 treatment acutely suppressed the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis as measured by plasma corticosterone levels. Mixed GR/MR ligands, such as C118335, can be used to unravel the mechanisms of glucocorticoid signaling. The compound is also a prototype of mixed GR/MR ligands that might alleviate the harmful effects of chronic overexposure to endogenous glucocorticoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Atucha
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience (E.A., L.T.C.M.v.W., B.R.) Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands and Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen, 6525 EZ Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine (I.Z., J.K.v.d.H., L.T.C.M.v.W., I.M.M., O.C.M.), Division of Endocrinology, Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, and Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands; PamGene International (D.M., R.H.), 2511 HH Den Bosch, The Netherlands; and Corcept Therapeutics (J.K.B., H.H.), Menlo Park, California 94025
| | - Ioannis Zalachoras
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience (E.A., L.T.C.M.v.W., B.R.) Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands and Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen, 6525 EZ Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine (I.Z., J.K.v.d.H., L.T.C.M.v.W., I.M.M., O.C.M.), Division of Endocrinology, Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, and Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands; PamGene International (D.M., R.H.), 2511 HH Den Bosch, The Netherlands; and Corcept Therapeutics (J.K.B., H.H.), Menlo Park, California 94025
| | - José K van den Heuvel
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience (E.A., L.T.C.M.v.W., B.R.) Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands and Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen, 6525 EZ Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine (I.Z., J.K.v.d.H., L.T.C.M.v.W., I.M.M., O.C.M.), Division of Endocrinology, Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, and Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands; PamGene International (D.M., R.H.), 2511 HH Den Bosch, The Netherlands; and Corcept Therapeutics (J.K.B., H.H.), Menlo Park, California 94025
| | - Lisa T C M van Weert
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience (E.A., L.T.C.M.v.W., B.R.) Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands and Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen, 6525 EZ Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine (I.Z., J.K.v.d.H., L.T.C.M.v.W., I.M.M., O.C.M.), Division of Endocrinology, Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, and Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands; PamGene International (D.M., R.H.), 2511 HH Den Bosch, The Netherlands; and Corcept Therapeutics (J.K.B., H.H.), Menlo Park, California 94025
| | - Diana Melchers
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience (E.A., L.T.C.M.v.W., B.R.) Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands and Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen, 6525 EZ Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine (I.Z., J.K.v.d.H., L.T.C.M.v.W., I.M.M., O.C.M.), Division of Endocrinology, Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, and Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands; PamGene International (D.M., R.H.), 2511 HH Den Bosch, The Netherlands; and Corcept Therapeutics (J.K.B., H.H.), Menlo Park, California 94025
| | - Isabel M Mol
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience (E.A., L.T.C.M.v.W., B.R.) Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands and Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen, 6525 EZ Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine (I.Z., J.K.v.d.H., L.T.C.M.v.W., I.M.M., O.C.M.), Division of Endocrinology, Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, and Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands; PamGene International (D.M., R.H.), 2511 HH Den Bosch, The Netherlands; and Corcept Therapeutics (J.K.B., H.H.), Menlo Park, California 94025
| | - Joseph K Belanoff
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience (E.A., L.T.C.M.v.W., B.R.) Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands and Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen, 6525 EZ Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine (I.Z., J.K.v.d.H., L.T.C.M.v.W., I.M.M., O.C.M.), Division of Endocrinology, Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, and Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands; PamGene International (D.M., R.H.), 2511 HH Den Bosch, The Netherlands; and Corcept Therapeutics (J.K.B., H.H.), Menlo Park, California 94025
| | - René Houtman
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience (E.A., L.T.C.M.v.W., B.R.) Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands and Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen, 6525 EZ Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine (I.Z., J.K.v.d.H., L.T.C.M.v.W., I.M.M., O.C.M.), Division of Endocrinology, Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, and Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands; PamGene International (D.M., R.H.), 2511 HH Den Bosch, The Netherlands; and Corcept Therapeutics (J.K.B., H.H.), Menlo Park, California 94025
| | - Hazel Hunt
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience (E.A., L.T.C.M.v.W., B.R.) Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands and Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen, 6525 EZ Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine (I.Z., J.K.v.d.H., L.T.C.M.v.W., I.M.M., O.C.M.), Division of Endocrinology, Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, and Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands; PamGene International (D.M., R.H.), 2511 HH Den Bosch, The Netherlands; and Corcept Therapeutics (J.K.B., H.H.), Menlo Park, California 94025
| | - Benno Roozendaal
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience (E.A., L.T.C.M.v.W., B.R.) Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands and Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen, 6525 EZ Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine (I.Z., J.K.v.d.H., L.T.C.M.v.W., I.M.M., O.C.M.), Division of Endocrinology, Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, and Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands; PamGene International (D.M., R.H.), 2511 HH Den Bosch, The Netherlands; and Corcept Therapeutics (J.K.B., H.H.), Menlo Park, California 94025
| | - Onno C Meijer
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience (E.A., L.T.C.M.v.W., B.R.) Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands and Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen, 6525 EZ Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine (I.Z., J.K.v.d.H., L.T.C.M.v.W., I.M.M., O.C.M.), Division of Endocrinology, Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, and Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands; PamGene International (D.M., R.H.), 2511 HH Den Bosch, The Netherlands; and Corcept Therapeutics (J.K.B., H.H.), Menlo Park, California 94025
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