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Adhikary K, Banerjee P, Barman S, Banerjee A, Sarkar A, Bag S, Chatterjee S, Bandyopadhyay B, Panja AS. Larvicidal activity of β-Citral: An In-vitro and In-silico study to understand its potential against mosquito. Acta Trop 2024; 258:107356. [PMID: 39128617 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Tropical and subtropical regions face millions of deaths from mosquito-borne illnesses yearly. Insecticides prevent transmission but pose health risks like dermatitis and allergies. The primary objective was to mitigate the recurring dependence on synthetic insecticides, thereby curbing the development of mosquito resistance. Leaves of Cymbopogon flexuosus (lemongrass) was collected from Mayurbhanj, India, processed, then extracted by steam distillation for essential oils & analyzed spectroscopically. Larvicidal assays were performed across varying concentrations, revealing the significant mortality induced by the Cymbopogon flexuosus extract against Anopheles stephensi larvae. 3D structure was modelled by using G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) sequence and structural stability was also validated. After docking the binding free energy was determined from GPCR protein with β-citral complex. Molecular dynamics (MD) study was conducted on the docked pose that displayed an optimal interactome profile. The larvicidal assay at the 12th and 24th hour revealed the highest LC50 (lethal concentration) of 23.493 ppm and 19.664 ppm . β-Citral has a high binding affinity and an identifiable binding site, which suggests that it may play a larvicidal role in regulating the receptor's function by creating stable complexes with it. β-Citral from lemongrass oils has potential larvicidal activity and effective against GPCR family 1 of mosquito and highly effective repellents against mosquito-borne diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnendu Adhikary
- Department of Interdisciplinary Science, Centurion University of Technology & Management, Odisha 761211, India
| | - Pradipta Banerjee
- Department of Surgery, Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine and Engineering (ICRME), Indiana University School of Medicine, IN 46202, Indianapolis, United State
| | - Saurav Barman
- Department of Soil Science, Centurion University of Technology & Management, Odisha 761211, India.
| | - Arundhati Banerjee
- Department of Medical Lab Technology & Biotechnology, Paramedical College Durgapur, West Bengal 713212, India
| | - Aniket Sarkar
- Department of Biotechnology, Molecular Informatics Laboratory, Oriental Institute of Science and Technology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal 721102, India
| | - Souvik Bag
- Parasitology and Microbiology Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, 713104 West Bengal, India
| | - Soumendranath Chatterjee
- Parasitology and Microbiology Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, 713104 West Bengal, India
| | - Bidyut Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Biotechnology, Molecular Informatics Laboratory, Oriental Institute of Science and Technology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal 721102, India
| | - Anindya Sundar Panja
- Department of Biotechnology, Molecular Informatics Laboratory, Oriental Institute of Science and Technology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal 721102, India.
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Gupta S, Kaur R, Sohal JS, Singh SV, Das K, Sharma MK, Singh J, Sharma S, Dhama K. Countering Zoonotic Diseases: Current Scenario and Advances in Diagnostics, Monitoring, Prophylaxis and Therapeutic Strategies. Arch Med Res 2024; 55:103037. [PMID: 38981342 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Human life and health have interacted reciprocally with the surrounding environment and animal fauna for ages. This relationship is evident in developing nations, where human life depends more on the animal population for food, transportation, clothing, draft power, and fuel sources, among others. This inseparable link is a potent source of public health issues, especially in outbreaks of zoonotic diseases transmitted from animals to humans. Zoonotic diseases are referred to as diseases that are naturally transmitted between vertebrate animals and humans. Among the globally emerging diseases in the last decade, 75% are of animal origin, most of which are life-threatening. Since most of them are caused by potent new pathogens capable of long-distance transmission, the impact is widespread and has serious public health and economic consequences. Various other factors also contribute to the transmission, spread, and outbreak of zoonotic diseases, among which industrialization-led globalization followed by ecological disruption and climate change play a critical role. In this regard, all the possible strategies, including advances in rapid and confirmatory disease diagnosis and surveillance/monitoring, immunization/vaccination, therapeutic approaches, appropriate prevention and control measures to be adapted, and awareness programs, need to be adopted collaboratively among different health sectors in medical, veterinary, and concerned departments to implement the necessary interventions for the effective restriction, minimization, and timely control of zoonotic threats. The present review focuses on the current scenario of zoonotic diseases and their counteracting approaches to safeguard their health impact on humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Applied Sciences and Humanities, GLA University, Chaumuhan, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Rasanpreet Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Applied Sciences and Humanities, GLA University, Chaumuhan, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jagdip Singh Sohal
- Centre for Vaccine and Diagnostic Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shoor Vir Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Applied Sciences and Humanities, GLA University, Chaumuhan, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kaushik Das
- Biotechnology Research and Innovation Council-National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, West Bengal, India
| | - Manish Kumar Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. Rammanohar Lohia Avadh University, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jitendra Singh
- Department of Translational Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Saket Nagar, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Shalini Sharma
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, LUVAS, Hisar, Haryana, India; Division of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, SKUAST-J, Jammu, India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Viennet E, Frentiu FD, McKenna E, Torres Vasconcelos F, Flower RLP, Faddy HM. Arbovirus Transmission in Australia from 2002 to 2017. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:524. [PMID: 39056717 PMCID: PMC11273437 DOI: 10.3390/biology13070524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Arboviruses pose a significant global public health threat, with Ross River virus (RRV), Barmah Forest virus (BFV), and dengue virus (DENV) being among the most common and clinically significant in Australia. Some arboviruses, including those prevalent in Australia, have been reported to cause transfusion-transmitted infections. This study examined the spatiotemporal variation of these arboviruses and their potential impact on blood donation numbers across Australia. Using data from the Australian Department of Health on eight arboviruses from 2002 to 2017, we retrospectively assessed the distribution and clustering of incidence rates in space and time using Geographic Information System mapping and space-time scan statistics. Regression models were used to investigate how weather variables, their lag months, space, and time affect case and blood donation counts. The predictors' importance varied with the spatial scale of analysis. Key predictors were average rainfall, minimum temperature, daily temperature variation, and relative humidity. Blood donation number was significantly associated with the incidence rate of all viruses and its interaction with local transmission of DENV, overall. This study, the first to cover eight clinically relevant arboviruses at a fine geographical level in Australia, identifies regions at risk for transmission and provides valuable insights for public health intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvina Viennet
- Research and Development, Strategy and Growth, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia; (E.M.); (F.T.V.); (R.L.P.F.); (H.M.F.)
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Immunology and Infection Control, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia;
| | - Francesca D. Frentiu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Immunology and Infection Control, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia;
| | - Emilie McKenna
- Research and Development, Strategy and Growth, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia; (E.M.); (F.T.V.); (R.L.P.F.); (H.M.F.)
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Immunology and Infection Control, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia;
| | - Flavia Torres Vasconcelos
- Research and Development, Strategy and Growth, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia; (E.M.); (F.T.V.); (R.L.P.F.); (H.M.F.)
- School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, Petrie, QLD 4052, Australia
| | - Robert L. P. Flower
- Research and Development, Strategy and Growth, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia; (E.M.); (F.T.V.); (R.L.P.F.); (H.M.F.)
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Immunology and Infection Control, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia;
| | - Helen M. Faddy
- Research and Development, Strategy and Growth, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia; (E.M.); (F.T.V.); (R.L.P.F.); (H.M.F.)
- School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, Petrie, QLD 4052, Australia
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Adepoju OA, Afinowi OA, Tauheed AM, Danazumi AU, Dibba LBS, Balogun JB, Flore G, Saidu U, Ibrahim B, Balogun OO, Balogun EO. Multisectoral Perspectives on Global Warming and Vector-borne Diseases: a Focus on Southern Europe. CURRENT TROPICAL MEDICINE REPORTS 2023; 10:47-70. [PMID: 36742193 PMCID: PMC9883833 DOI: 10.1007/s40475-023-00283-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Purpose of Review The climate change (CC) or global warming (GW) modifies environment that favors vectors' abundance, growth, and reproduction, and consequently, the rate of development of pathogens within the vectors. This review highlights the threats of GW-induced vector-borne diseases (VBDs) in Southern Europe (SE) and the need for mitigation efforts to prevent potential global health catastrophe. Recent Findings Reports showed astronomical surges in the incidences of CC-induced VBDs in the SE. The recently (2022) reported first cases of African swine fever in Northern Italy and West Nile fever in SE are linked to the CC-modified environmental conditions that support vectors and pathogens' growth and development, and disease transmission. Summary VBDs endemic to the tropics are increasingly becoming a major health challenge in the SE, a temperate region, due to the favorable environmental conditions caused by CC/GW that support vectors and pathogens' biology in the previously non-endemic temperate regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwafemi A. Adepoju
- Department of Biochemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, 2222 Kaduna State Nigeria
| | | | - Abdullah M. Tauheed
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, 2222 Kaduna State Nigeria
| | - Ammar U. Danazumi
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lamin B. S. Dibba
- Department of Physical and Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, University of the Gambia, Serrekunda, The Gambia
| | - Joshua B. Balogun
- Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University Dutse, Jigawa State Dutse, Nigeria
| | - Gouegni Flore
- Department of Biochemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, 2222 Kaduna State Nigeria
- Africa Centre of Excellence for Neglected Tropical Diseases and Forensic Biotechnology (ACENTDFB), Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, 2222 Kaduna State Nigeria
| | - Umar Saidu
- Department of Biochemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, 2222 Kaduna State Nigeria
- Africa Centre of Excellence for Neglected Tropical Diseases and Forensic Biotechnology (ACENTDFB), Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, 2222 Kaduna State Nigeria
| | - Bashiru Ibrahim
- Department of Biochemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, 2222 Kaduna State Nigeria
| | - Olukunmi O. Balogun
- Department of Health Policy, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Emmanuel O. Balogun
- Department of Biochemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, 2222 Kaduna State Nigeria
- Africa Centre of Excellence for Neglected Tropical Diseases and Forensic Biotechnology (ACENTDFB), Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, 2222 Kaduna State Nigeria
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Nova N, Athni TS, Childs ML, Mandle L, Mordecai EA. Global Change and Emerging Infectious Diseases. ANNUAL REVIEW OF RESOURCE ECONOMICS 2022; 14:333-354. [PMID: 38371741 PMCID: PMC10871673 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-resource-111820-024214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Our world is undergoing rapid planetary changes driven by human activities, often mediated by economic incentives and resource management, affecting all life on Earth. Concurrently, many infectious diseases have recently emerged or spread into new populations. Mounting evidence suggests that global change-including climate change, land-use change, urbanization, and global movement of individuals, species, and goods-may be accelerating disease emergence by reshaping ecological systems in concert with socioeconomic factors. Here, we review insights, approaches, and mechanisms by which global change drives disease emergence from a disease ecology perspective. We aim to spur more interdisciplinary collaboration with economists and identification of more effective and sustainable interventions to prevent disease emergence. While almost all infectious diseases change in response to global change, the mechanisms and directions of these effects are system specific, requiring new, integrated approaches to disease control that recognize linkages between environmental and economic sustainability and human and planetary health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Nova
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Tejas S Athni
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Marissa L Childs
- Emmett Interdisciplinary Program in Environment and Resources, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Lisa Mandle
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Natural Capital Project, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Woods Institute for the Environment, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Erin A Mordecai
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
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6
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Menegon M, Tomazatos A, Severini F, Raele DA, Lilja T, Werner D, Boccolini D, Toma L, Vasco I, Lühken R, Kampen H, Cafiero MA, Di Luca M. Molecular Characterization of Anopheles algeriensis Theobald, 1903 (Diptera: Culicidae) Populations from Europe. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11090990. [PMID: 36145422 PMCID: PMC9505642 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11090990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Anopheles algeriensis Theobald, 1903, considered a competent vector of Plasmodium parasites, is a mosquito species widely distributed in the Mediterranean area but rare in Northern and Central Europe. The disappearance of its suitable breeding sites in Italy is having a detrimental effect on the occurrence of this species once common along the Southern coasts and on the islands. Recently, molecular investigations have renewed interest in this species, highlighting a genetic heterogeneity among European populations. In this study, An. algeriensis populations from Italy, Germany, Romania, and Sweden were analyzed by molecular typing of the intergenic transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2). The mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) was also analyzed from specimens collected in Southern Italy. With the aim of investigating the population structure of this species, the obtained data were compared to all publicly available ITS2 and COI sequences of An. algeriensis, adding specimens from Spain and Portugal. The analyses of both markers indicate a split between Iberian populations (Spain for ITS2 and Spain/Portugal for COI) and those from the rest of Europe, revealing two cryptic species. The analysis of the COI barcode revealed a third clade representing a cryptic species present in Danube Delta (Romania). The high levels of genetic divergence among the clades of An. algeriensis indicate that this taxon represents a species complex, potentially harboring several distinct cryptic species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Menegon
- Dipartimento Malattie Infettive, Reparto Malattie Trasmesse da Vettori, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Alexandru Tomazatos
- Department of Arbovirology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Francesco Severini
- Dipartimento Malattie Infettive, Reparto Malattie Trasmesse da Vettori, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Donato Antonio Raele
- Laboratorio di Entomologia Sanitaria, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Puglia e della Basilicata, 71121 Foggia, Italy
| | - Tobias Lilja
- Department of Microbiology, National Veterinary Institute, 75189 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Doreen Werner
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), 15374 Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Daniela Boccolini
- Dipartimento Malattie Infettive, Reparto Malattie Trasmesse da Vettori, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Luciano Toma
- Dipartimento Malattie Infettive, Reparto Malattie Trasmesse da Vettori, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Ilaria Vasco
- Laboratorio di Entomologia Sanitaria, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Puglia e della Basilicata, 71121 Foggia, Italy
| | - Renke Lühken
- Department of Arbovirology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Helge Kampen
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, 17493 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Maria Assunta Cafiero
- Laboratorio di Entomologia Sanitaria, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Puglia e della Basilicata, 71121 Foggia, Italy
| | - Marco Di Luca
- Dipartimento Malattie Infettive, Reparto Malattie Trasmesse da Vettori, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
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Yu X, Cheng G. Adaptive Evolution as a Driving Force of the Emergence and Re-Emergence of Mosquito-Borne Viral Diseases. Viruses 2022; 14:v14020435. [PMID: 35216028 PMCID: PMC8878277 DOI: 10.3390/v14020435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging and re-emerging mosquito-borne viral diseases impose a significant burden on global public health. The most common mosquito-borne viruses causing recent epidemics include flaviviruses in the family Flaviviridae, including Dengue virus (DENV), Zika virus (ZIKV), Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) and West Nile virus (WNV) and Togaviridae viruses, such as chikungunya virus (CHIKV). Several factors may have contributed to the recent re-emergence and spread of mosquito-borne viral diseases. Among these important causes are the evolution of mosquito-borne viruses and the genetic mutations that make them more adaptive and virulent, leading to widespread epidemics. RNA viruses tend to acquire genetic diversity due to error-prone RNA-dependent RNA polymerases, thus promoting high mutation rates that support adaptation to environmental changes or host immunity. In this review, we discuss recent findings on the adaptive evolution of mosquito-borne viruses and their impact on viral infectivity, pathogenicity, vector fitness, transmissibility, epidemic potential and disease emergence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Yu
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518000, China
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Gong Cheng
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518000, China
- Institute of Pathogenic Organisms, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Correspondence:
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8
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Ortiz DI, Piche-Ovares M, Romero-Vega LM, Wagman J, Troyo A. The Impact of Deforestation, Urbanization, and Changing Land Use Patterns on the Ecology of Mosquito and Tick-Borne Diseases in Central America. INSECTS 2021; 13:20. [PMID: 35055864 PMCID: PMC8781098 DOI: 10.3390/insects13010020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Central America is a unique geographical region that connects North and South America, enclosed by the Caribbean Sea to the East, and the Pacific Ocean to the West. This region, encompassing Belize, Costa Rica, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Panama, and Nicaragua, is highly vulnerable to the emergence or resurgence of mosquito-borne and tick-borne diseases due to a combination of key ecological and socioeconomic determinants acting together, often in a synergistic fashion. Of particular interest are the effects of land use changes, such as deforestation-driven urbanization and forest degradation, on the incidence and prevalence of these diseases, which are not well understood. In recent years, parts of Central America have experienced social and economic improvements; however, the region still faces major challenges in developing effective strategies and significant investments in public health infrastructure to prevent and control these diseases. In this article, we review the current knowledge and potential impacts of deforestation, urbanization, and other land use changes on mosquito-borne and tick-borne disease transmission in Central America and how these anthropogenic drivers could affect the risk for disease emergence and resurgence in the region. These issues are addressed in the context of other interconnected environmental and social challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana I. Ortiz
- Biology Program, Westminster College, New Wilmington, PA 16172, USA
| | - Marta Piche-Ovares
- Laboratorio de Virología, Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales (CIET), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José 11501, Costa Rica;
- Departamento de Virología, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional, Heredia 40104, Costa Rica
| | - Luis M. Romero-Vega
- Departamento de Patología, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional, Heredia 40104, Costa Rica;
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Vectores (LIVe), Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales (CIET), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José 11501, Costa Rica;
| | - Joseph Wagman
- Malaria and Neglected Tropical Diseases Program, Center for Malaria Control and Elimination, PATH, Washington, DC 20001, USA;
| | - Adriana Troyo
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Vectores (LIVe), Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales (CIET), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José 11501, Costa Rica;
- Departamento de Parasitología, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José 11501, Costa Rica
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9
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Chala B, Hamde F. Emerging and Re-emerging Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases and the Challenges for Control: A Review. Front Public Health 2021; 9:715759. [PMID: 34676194 PMCID: PMC8524040 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.715759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Vector-borne emerging and re-emerging diseases pose considerable public health problem worldwide. Some of these diseases are emerging and/or re-emerging at increasing rates and appeared in new regions in the past two decades. Studies emphasized that the interactions among pathogens, hosts, and the environment play a key role for the emergence or re-emergence of these diseases. Furthermore, social and demographic factors such as human population growth, urbanization, globalization, trade exchange and travel and close interactions with livestock have significantly been linked with the emergence and/or re-emergence of vector-borne diseases. Other studies emphasize the ongoing evolution of pathogens, proliferation of reservoir populations, and antimicrobial drug use to be the principal exacerbating forces for emergence and re-emergence of vector-borne infectious diseases. Still other studies equivocally claim that climate change has been associated with appearance and resurgence of vector-borne infectious diseases. Despite the fact that many important emerging and re-emerging vector-borne infectious diseases are becoming better controlled, our success in stopping the many new appearing and resurging vector-borne infectious diseases that may happen in the future seems to be uncertain. Hence, this paper reviews and synthesizes the existing literature to explore global patterns of emerging and re-emerging vector-borne infections and the challenges for their control. It also attempts to give insights to the epidemiological profile of major vector-borne diseases including Zika fever, dengue, West Nile fever, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, Chikungunya, Yellow fever, and Rift Valley fever.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bayissa Chala
- Department of Applied Biology, School of Applied Natural Science, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama, Ethiopia
| | - Feyissa Hamde
- Department of Applied Biology, School of Applied Natural Science, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama, Ethiopia
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10
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Gao P, Pilot E, Rehbock C, Gontariuk M, Doreleijers S, Wang L, Krafft T, Martens P, Liu Q. Land use and land cover change and its impacts on dengue dynamics in China: A systematic review. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0009879. [PMID: 34669704 PMCID: PMC8559955 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dengue is a prioritized public health concern in China. Because of the larger scale, more frequent and wider spatial distribution, the challenge for dengue prevention and control has increased in recent years. While land use and land cover (LULC) change was suggested to be associated with dengue, relevant research has been quite limited. The “Open Door” policy introduced in 1978 led to significant LULC change in China. This systematic review is the first to review the studies on the impacts of LULC change on dengue dynamics in China. This review aims at identifying the research evidence, research gaps and provide insights for future research. Methods A systematic literature review was conducted following the PRISMA protocol. The combinations of search terms on LULC, dengue and its vectors were searched in the databases PubMed, Web of Science, and Baidu Scholar. Research conducted on China published from 1978 to December 2019 and written in English or Chinese was selected for further screening. References listed in articles meeting the inclusion criteria were also reviewed and included if again inclusion criteria were met to minimize the probability of missing relevant research. Results 28 studies published between 1978 and 2017 were included for the full review. Guangdong Province and southern Taiwan were the major regional foci in the literature. The majority of the reviewed studies observed associations between LULC change factors and dengue incidence and distribution. Conflictive evidence was shown in the studies about the impacts of green space and blue space on dengue in China. Transportation infrastructure and urbanization were repeatedly suggested to be positively associated with dengue incidence and spread. The majority of the studies reviewed considered meteorological and sociodemographic factors when they analyzed the effects of LULC change on dengue. Primary and secondary remote sensing (RS) data were the primary source for LULC variables. In 21 of 28 studies, a geographic information system (GIS) was used to process data of environmental variables and dengue cases and to perform spatial analysis of dengue. Conclusions The effects of LULC change on the dynamics of dengue in China varied in different periods and regions. The application of RS and GIS enriches the means and dimensions to explore the relations between LULC change and dengue. Further comprehensive regional research is necessary to assess the influence of LULC change on local dengue transmission to provide practical advice for dengue prevention and control. Dengue is a major public health concern in China. The rapid development of urbanization along with climate change increases the challenge for dengue prevention and control. Previous research has mainly focused on the meteorological variables whereas land use and land cover (LULC) change received comparatively less attention. Our review identified that the regional research hotspots of dengue epidemics in China were Guangdong Province and southern Taiwan. Though inconsistent, most included studies somehow observed associations between at least one of the LULC change factors and dengue. A geographical information system (GIS) was widely used to perform spatial analysis in the selected literature. Its application provided a novel view to describe the relationships between environmental factors and the situation of dengue, which enabled scholars to explore more characteristics of dengue transmission. Meanwhile, the use of remote sensing (RS) enriched the means of environmental monitoring. However, there are research gaps in the area of dengue and LULC change, such as the less consideration of dengue vector study, the lack of interplays between factors, and the lack of considering interventions and policies. Furthermore, because of different research settings, results from these studies were difficult to compare. Thus, further comprehensive and comparable investigations are necessary to better understand the effects of LULC change on dengue in China. This review is the first to expound the studies on the associations between LULC change and dengue dynamics in China. It demonstrates the findings and methodologies and provided insights for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panjun Gao
- Department of Health, Ethics & Society, CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Eva Pilot
- Department of Health, Ethics & Society, CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Cassandra Rehbock
- Department of Health, Ethics & Society, CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marie Gontariuk
- Department of Health, Ethics & Society, CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Simone Doreleijers
- Department of Health, Ethics & Society, CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Thomas Krafft
- Department of Health, Ethics & Society, CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Pim Martens
- Maastricht Sustainability Institute (MSI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Qiyong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
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11
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Review of Anopheles Mosquito Species, Abundance, and Distribution in Ethiopia. J Trop Med 2021; 2021:6726622. [PMID: 34603455 PMCID: PMC8486561 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6726622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Malaria is a major mosquito-borne disease in Ethiopia, and it is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax are the two malaria-causing parasitic species commonly known to cause human malaria in Ethiopia. To better manage and control vectors transmitting malaria parasites, the abundance, distribution, and updated annotated list of Anopheles species present in Ethiopia are very important. Methods In order to compile a list of the species recorded in Ethiopia, 33 original research articles were collected. This work gives an updated list of Anopheles mosquito species in Ethiopia and their abundance, distribution, and composition. Results According to this review, 110305 Anopheles mosquitoes were collected and 35 Anopheles species were recorded in different parts of Ethiopia. A. arabiensis was the most abundant when compared to other species, whereas A. maculipalpis and A. wilsonii were the least abundant species. The most abundant Anopheles species was recorded in central and the least abundant, from eastern Ethiopia. The second, third, and fourth abundant species were also collected from southern, northern, and western parts of Ethiopia.
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12
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Talbot B, Sander B, Cevallos V, González C, Benítez D, Carissimo C, Carrasquilla Ferro MC, Gauto N, Litwiñiuk S, López K, Ortiz MI, Ponce P, Villota SD, Zelaya F, Espinel M, Wu J, Miretti M, Kulkarni MA. Determinants of Aedes mosquito density as an indicator of arbovirus transmission risk in three sites affected by co-circulation of globally spreading arboviruses in Colombia, Ecuador and Argentina. Parasit Vectors 2021; 14:482. [PMID: 34538276 PMCID: PMC8451087 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-021-04984-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The global impact of Zika virus in Latin America has drawn renewed attention to circulating mosquito-borne viruses in this region, such as dengue and chikungunya. Our objective was to assess socio-ecological factors associated with Aedes mosquito vector density as a measure of arbovirus transmission risk in three cities of potentially recent Zika virus introduction: Ibagué, Colombia; Manta, Ecuador; and Posadas, Argentina, in order to inform disease mitigation strategies. Methods We sampled Aedes mosquito populations in a total of 1086 households, using indoor and peridomestic mosquito collection methods, including light traps, resting traps, traps equipped with chemical attractant and aspirators. For each sampled household, we collected socio-economic data using structured questionnaires and data on microenvironmental conditions using iButton data loggers. Results A total of 3230 female Aedes mosquitoes were collected, of which 99.8% were Aedes aegypti and 0.2% were Aedes albopictus. Mean female Aedes mosquito density per household was 1.71 (standard deviation: 2.84). We used mixed-effects generalized linear Poisson regression analyses to identify predictors of Aedes density, using month, neighborhood and country as random-effects variables. Across study sites, the number of household occupants [incidence rate ratio (IRR): 1.08, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01–1.14], presence of entry points for mosquitoes into the household (IRR: 1.51, 95% CI: 1.30–1.76) and presence of decorative vegetation (IRR: 1.52, 95% CI: 1.22–1.88) were associated with higher Aedes density; while being in the highest wealth tertile of household wealth (IRR: 0.78, 95% CI: 0.66–0.92), knowledge of how arboviruses are transmitted (IRR: 0.94, 95% CI: 0.89–1.00) and regular emptying of water containers by occupants (IRR: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.67–0.92) were associated with lower Aedes density. Conclusions Our study addresses the complexities of arbovirus vectors of global significance at the interface between human and mosquito populations. Our results point to several predictors of Aedes mosquito vector density in countries with co-circulation of multiple Aedes-borne viruses, and point to modifiable risk factors that may be useful for disease prevention and control. Graphical Abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13071-021-04984-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Talbot
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
| | - Beate Sander
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Varsovia Cevallos
- Development and Innovation Management Unit (CZ9), Instituto Nacional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Camila González
- Center for Investigation in Tropical Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Denisse Benítez
- Development and Innovation Management Unit (CZ9), Instituto Nacional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Claudio Carissimo
- Municipal Institute for Surveillance and Control of Vectors, Municipalidad de Posadas, Posadas, Argentina
| | - María C Carrasquilla Ferro
- Center for Investigation in Tropical Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Neris Gauto
- Municipal Institute for Surveillance and Control of Vectors, Municipalidad de Posadas, Posadas, Argentina
| | - Sergio Litwiñiuk
- Group for Investigation in Applied Genetics (GIGA), IBS, UNaM-CONICET, Posadas, Argentina
| | - Karen López
- Municipal Institute for Surveillance and Control of Vectors, Municipalidad de Posadas, Posadas, Argentina
| | - Mario I Ortiz
- Center for Investigation in Tropical Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Patricio Ponce
- Development and Innovation Management Unit (CZ9), Instituto Nacional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Stephany D Villota
- Development and Innovation Management Unit (CZ9), Instituto Nacional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Fabian Zelaya
- Municipal Institute for Surveillance and Control of Vectors, Municipalidad de Posadas, Posadas, Argentina
| | - Mauricio Espinel
- School of Medicine, Universidad Laica Eloy Alfaro de Manabí, Manta, Ecuador
| | - Jianhong Wu
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Marcos Miretti
- Group for Investigation in Applied Genetics (GIGA), IBS, UNaM-CONICET, Posadas, Argentina
| | - Manisha A Kulkarni
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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13
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Nigusie A, Gizaw Z, Gebrehiwot M, Destaw B. Vector-Borne Diseases and Associated Factors in the Rural Communities of Northwest Ethiopia: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH INSIGHTS 2021; 15:11786302211043049. [PMID: 34483662 PMCID: PMC8414622 DOI: 10.1177/11786302211043049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human illnesses caused by parasites, viruses, and bacteria that are transmitted by vectors are called vector-borne diseases. Vector-borne diseases usually affect the poorest populations, particularly where there is a lack of access to adequate housing, safe drinking water, and sanitation. This community-based cross-sectional study was, conducted to assess the prevalence of self-reported vector-borne diseases and associated factors in the rural communities of northwest Ethiopia. METHODS A community-based cross-sectional study design with structured observation was conducted among 1191 randomly selected rural households in northwest Ethiopia from April to June 2017. Data were collected by using a structured questionnaire; and observation checklist. Multivariable binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify variables associated with the prevalence of self-reported vector-borne diseases on the basis of adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) and P-values <.05. RESULTS In the current study, 216 (18.1%) of the rural households reported one or more vector-borne diseases. Scabies (9.5%) were the most reported vector-borne disease followed by Malaria (6.9%). The prevalence of self-reported vector-borne diseases was statistically associated with the head of the family (mother) (AOR = 0.13, 95% CI = 0.02-0.72), regular cleaning of the living environment (AOR = 0.51, 95% CI = 0.36-0.74), poor cleanness of the living rooms (AOR = 1.77, 95% CI = 1.03-3.03), and moderate cleanness of the floor (AOR = 1.64, 95% CI = 1.06-2.52). CONCLUSION The prevalence of self-reported vector-borne diseases was high in the rural communities of northwest Ethiopia. The low prevalence was associated with family head; regular cleaning of living environment and cleanness of the floor. Designing and strengthening an intervention strategy for environmental sanitation, regular cleaning of living house, and keeping personal hygiene shall be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adane Nigusie
- Department of Health Education and
Behavioral Sciences, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health
Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Zemichael Gizaw
- Department of Environmental and
Occupational Health and Safety, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and
Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
- Department of Epidemiology and
Biostatistics, Addis Continental Institute of Public Health, Addis Ababa,
Ethiopia
| | - Mulat Gebrehiwot
- Department of Environmental and
Occupational Health and Safety, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and
Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Bikes Destaw
- Department of Environmental and
Occupational Health and Safety, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and
Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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14
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Feronato SG, Araujo S, Boeger WA. 'Accidents waiting to happen'-Insights from a simple model on the emergence of infectious agents in new hosts. Transbound Emerg Dis 2021; 69:1727-1738. [PMID: 33963679 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.14146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluates through modelling the possible individual and combined effect of three populational parameters of pathogens (reproduction rate; rate of novelty emergence; and propagule size) on the colonization of new host species-putatively the most fundamental process leading to the emergence of new infectious diseases. The results are analysed under the theoretical framework of the Stockholm Paradigm using IBM simulations to better understand the evolutionary dynamics of the pathogen population and the possible role of Ecological Fitting. The simulations suggest that all three parameters positively influence the success of colonization of new hosts by a novel parasite population, but contrary to the prevailing belief, the rate of novelty emergence (e.g. mutations) is the least important factor. Maximization of all parameters results in a synergetic facilitation of the colonization and emulates the expected scenario for pathogenic microorganisms. The simulations also provide theoretical support for the retention of the capacity of fast-evolving lineages to retro-colonize their previous host species/lineage by ecological fitting. Capacity is, thus, much larger than we can anticipate. Hence, the results support the empirical observations that opportunity of encounter (i.e. the breakdown in mechanisms for ecological isolation) is a fundamental determinant to the emergence of new associations-especially Emergent Infectious Diseases-and the dynamics of host exploration, as observed in SARS-CoV-2. Insights on the dynamics of Emergent Infectious Diseases derived from the simulations and from the Stockholm Paradigm are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia G Feronato
- Biological Interactions, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Sabrina Araujo
- Biological Interactions, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil.,Dept de Física, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Walter A Boeger
- Biological Interactions, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil.,Dept de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
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15
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Parikh N, Daughton AR, Rosenberger WE, Aberle DJ, Chitanvis ME, Altherr FM, Velappan N, Fairchild G, Deshpande A. Improving Detection of Disease Re-emergence Using a Web-Based Tool (RED Alert): Design and Case Analysis Study. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2021; 7:e24132. [PMID: 33316766 PMCID: PMC7819778 DOI: 10.2196/24132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, the identification of infectious disease re-emergence is performed without describing specific quantitative criteria that can be used to identify re-emergence events consistently. This practice may lead to ineffective mitigation. In addition, identification of factors contributing to local disease re-emergence and assessment of global disease re-emergence require access to data about disease incidence and a large number of factors at the local level for the entire world. This paper presents Re-emerging Disease Alert (RED Alert), a web-based tool designed to help public health officials detect and understand infectious disease re-emergence. OBJECTIVE Our objective is to bring together a variety of disease-related data and analytics needed to help public health analysts answer the following 3 primary questions for detecting and understanding disease re-emergence: Is there a potential disease re-emergence at the local (country) level? What are the potential contributing factors for this re-emergence? Is there a potential for global re-emergence? METHODS We collected and cleaned disease-related data (eg, case counts, vaccination rates, and indicators related to disease transmission) from several data sources including the World Health Organization (WHO), Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), World Bank, and Gideon. We combined these data with machine learning and visual analytics into a tool called RED Alert to detect re-emergence for the following 4 diseases: measles, cholera, dengue, and yellow fever. We evaluated the performance of the machine learning models for re-emergence detection and reviewed the output of the tool through a number of case studies. RESULTS Our supervised learning models were able to identify 82%-90% of the local re-emergence events, although with 18%-31% (except 46% for dengue) false positives. This is consistent with our goal of identifying all possible re-emergences while allowing some false positives. The review of the web-based tool through case studies showed that local re-emergence detection was possible and that the tool provided actionable information about potential factors contributing to the local disease re-emergence and trends in global disease re-emergence. CONCLUSIONS To the best of our knowledge, this is the first tool that focuses specifically on disease re-emergence and addresses the important challenges mentioned above.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Parikh
- Information Systems and Modeling Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, United States
| | - Ashlynn R Daughton
- Information Systems and Modeling Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, United States
| | - William Earl Rosenberger
- Information Systems and Modeling Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, United States
| | - Derek Jacob Aberle
- Neutron Science and Technology Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, United States
| | | | | | - Nileena Velappan
- Biosecurity and Public Health Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, United States
| | - Geoffrey Fairchild
- Information Systems and Modeling Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, United States
| | - Alina Deshpande
- Biosecurity and Public Health Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, United States
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16
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Mayaro Virus Infection: Clinical Features and Global Threat. CURRENT TREATMENT OPTIONS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40506-020-00240-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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17
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Akanda AS, Johnson K, Ginsberg HS, Couret J. Prioritizing Water Security in the Management of Vector-Borne Diseases: Lessons From Oaxaca, Mexico. GEOHEALTH 2020; 4:e2019GH000201. [PMID: 32185244 PMCID: PMC7068688 DOI: 10.1029/2019gh000201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Changes in human water use, along with temperature and rainfall patterns, are facilitating habitat spread and distribution of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes, the primary vectors for the transmission of Dengue, Chikungunya, and Zika viruses in the Americas. Artificial containers and wet spots provide major sources of mosquito larval habitat in residential areas. Mosquito abatement and control strategies remain the most effective public health interventions for minimizing the impact of these vector-borne diseases. Understanding how water insecurity is conducive to the establishment and elimination of endemic mosquito populations, particularly in arid or semiarid regions, is a vital component in shaping these intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali S. Akanda
- Civil and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of Rhode IslandKingstonRIUSA
| | - Kristin Johnson
- Department of Political ScienceUniversity of Rhode IslandKingstonRIUSA
| | - Howard S. Ginsberg
- Department of Plant Sciences and EntomologyUniversity of Rhode IslandKingstonRIUSA
- Patuxent Wildlife Research CenterUnited States Geological SurveyKingstonRIUSA
| | - Jannelle Couret
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of Rhode IslandKingstonRIUSA
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18
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The Cat Flea (Ctenocephalides felis) Immune Deficiency Signaling Pathway Regulates Rickettsia typhi Infection. Infect Immun 2017; 86:IAI.00562-17. [PMID: 29084898 PMCID: PMC5736803 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00562-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Rickettsia species are obligate intracellular bacteria with both conserved and lineage-specific strategies for invading and surviving within eukaryotic cells. One variable component of Rickettsia biology involves arthropod vectors: for instance, typhus group rickettsiae are principally vectored by insects (i.e., lice and fleas), whereas spotted fever group rickettsiae are exclusively vectored by ticks. For flea-borne Rickettsia typhi, the etiological agent of murine typhus, research on vertebrate host biology is facilitated using cell lines and animal models. However, due to the lack of any stable flea cell line or a published flea genome sequence, little is known regarding R. typhi biology in flea vectors that, importantly, do not suffer lethality due to R. typhi infection. To address if fleas combat rickettsial infection, we characterized the cat flea (Ctenocephalides felis) innate immune response to R. typhi. Initially, we determined that R. typhi infects Drosophila cells and increases antimicrobial peptide (AMP) gene expression, indicating immune pathway activation. While bioinformatics analysis of the C. felis transcriptome identified homologs to all of the Drosophila immune deficiency (IMD) and Toll pathway components, an AMP gene expression profile in Drosophila cells indicated IMD pathway activation upon rickettsial infection. Accordingly, we assessed R. typhi-mediated flea IMD pathway activation in vivo using small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated knockdown. Knockdown of Relish and Imd increased R. typhi infection levels, implicating the IMD pathway as a critical regulator of R. typhi burden in C. felis. These data suggest that targeting the IMD pathway could minimize the spread of R. typhi, and potentially other human pathogens, vectored by fleas.
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Vanhomwegen J, Beck C, Desprès P, Figuerola A, García R, Lecollinet S, López-Roig M, Manuguerra JC, Serra-Cobo J. Circulation of Zoonotic Arboviruses in Equine Populations of Mallorca Island (Spain). Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2017; 17:340-346. [PMID: 28346868 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2016.2042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of major arbovirus vector species, climate change that promotes the expansion and increase of their populations, and potential animal reservoirs mean that vector-borne diseases represent a significant health risk for Mallorca's inhabitants. Microbiological monitoring of circulating arboviruses, particularly flaviviruses causing encephalitis, was initiated using domestic horses from localities near wetlands as "sentinel" hosts. A total of 291 blood samples were taken from 172 horses between 2011 and 2012, using paired samples to highlight seroconversion events. A multiplex immunoassay and confirmatory reference serological assays were used to screen sera for immunoglobulin G antibodies against West Nile (WNV), Usutu (USUV), and tick-borne encephalitis (TBEV) viruses. The seroprevalence was 6.4% (confidence interval [95% CI] 3.2%-11.0%) for WNV, 1.2% (95% CI 0.1%-4.1%) for USUV, and 0.6% (95% CI 0.0%-3.2%) for TBEV. In addition, eight horses (4.6%; 95% CI 2.0%-8.9%) were found positive for unidentified flaviviruses. Seroconversion events were detected for WNV and USUV, reflecting recent arboviral infections. These results highlight the active transmission of zoonotic arboviruses in Mallorca wetlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Vanhomwegen
- 1 Environment and Infectious Risks Research and Expertise Unit, Department of Infection and Epidemiology, Institut Pasteur , Paris, France
| | - Cécile Beck
- 2 UMR 1161 Virology, ANSES, INRA, ENVA, ANSES Animal Health Laboratory , EU-RL on Equine Diseases, UPE, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Philippe Desprès
- 3 UMR PIMIT (12T) Université de La Réunion , INSERM U1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249, GIP-CYROI, Sainte-Clotilde, France
| | - Amanda Figuerola
- 4 Col·legi Oficial de Veterinaris de les Illes Balears , Mallorca, Spain
| | - Ramón García
- 4 Col·legi Oficial de Veterinaris de les Illes Balears , Mallorca, Spain
| | - Sylvie Lecollinet
- 2 UMR 1161 Virology, ANSES, INRA, ENVA, ANSES Animal Health Laboratory , EU-RL on Equine Diseases, UPE, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Marc López-Roig
- 5 Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, IRBIO, Universitat de Barcelona , Barcelona, Spain .,6 Centre de Recerca en Infeccions Víriques , Illes Balears (CRIVIB), Conselleria de Salut i Consum, Govern de les Illes Balears, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Jean-Claude Manuguerra
- 1 Environment and Infectious Risks Research and Expertise Unit, Department of Infection and Epidemiology, Institut Pasteur , Paris, France
| | - Jordi Serra-Cobo
- 5 Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, IRBIO, Universitat de Barcelona , Barcelona, Spain .,6 Centre de Recerca en Infeccions Víriques , Illes Balears (CRIVIB), Conselleria de Salut i Consum, Govern de les Illes Balears, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
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20
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O’Regan SM, Lillie JW, Drake JM. Leading indicators of mosquito-borne disease elimination. THEOR ECOL-NETH 2015; 9:269-286. [PMID: 27512522 PMCID: PMC4960289 DOI: 10.1007/s12080-015-0285-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Mosquito-borne diseases contribute significantly to the global disease burden. High-profile elimination campaigns are currently underway for many parasites, e.g., Plasmodium spp., the causal agent of malaria. Sustaining momentum near the end of elimination programs is often difficult to achieve and consequently quantitative tools that enable monitoring the effectiveness of elimination activities after the initial reduction of cases has occurred are needed. Documenting progress in vector-borne disease elimination is a potentially important application for the theory of critical transitions. Non-parametric approaches that are independent of model-fitting would advance infectious disease forecasting significantly. In this paper, we consider compartmental Ross-McDonald models that are slowly forced through a critical transition through gradually deployed control measures. We derive expressions for the behavior of candidate indicators, including the autocorrelation coefficient, variance, and coefficient of variation in the number of human cases during the approach to elimination. We conducted a simulation study to test the performance of each summary statistic as an early warning system of mosquito-borne disease elimination. Variance and coefficient of variation were highly predictive of elimination but autocorrelation performed poorly as an indicator in some control contexts. Our results suggest that tipping points (bifurcations) in mosquito-borne infectious disease systems may be foreshadowed by characteristic temporal patterns of disease prevalence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne M. O’Regan
- Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-2202 USA
- National Institute for Mathematical and Biological Synthesis (NIMBioS), 1122 Volunteer Boulevard, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-3410 USA
| | | | - John M. Drake
- Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-2202 USA
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Mosquito surveillance revealed lagged effects of mosquito abundance on mosquito-borne disease transmission: a retrospective study in Zhejiang, China. PLoS One 2014; 9:e112975. [PMID: 25393834 PMCID: PMC4231081 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mosquito-borne diseases (MBDs) are still threats to public health in Zhejiang. In this study, the associations between the time-lagged mosquito capture data and MBDs incidence over five years were used to examine the potential effects of mosquito abundance on patterns of MBDs epidemiology in Zhejiang during 2008–2012. Light traps were used to collect adult mosquitoes at 11 cities. Correlation tests with and without time lag were performed to investigate the correlations between MBDs incidence rates and mosquito abundance by month. Selected MBDs consisted of Japanese encephalitis (JE), dengue fever (DF) and malaria. A Poisson regression analysis was performed by using a generalized estimating equations (GEE) approach, and the most parsimonious model was selected based on the quasi-likelihood based information criterion (QICu). We identified five mosquito species and the constituent ratio of Culex pipiens pallens, Culex tritaeniorhynchus, Aedes albopictus, Anopheles sinensis and Armigeres subalbatus was 66.73%, 21.47%, 6.72%, 2.83% and 2.25%, respectively. The correlation analysis without and with time lag showed that Culex mosquito abundance at a lag of 0 or 1 month was positively correlated with JE incidence during 2008–2012, Ae. albopictus abundance at a lag of 1 month was positively correlated with DF incidence in 2009, and An. sinensis abundance at a lag of 0–2 months was positively correlated with malaria incidence during 2008–2010. The Poisson regression analysis showed each 0.1 rise of monthly mosquito abundance corresponded to a positive increase of MBD cases for the period of 2008–2012. The rise of mosquito abundance with a lag of 0–2 months increased the risk of human MBDs infection in Zhejiang. Our study provides evidence that mosquito monitoring could be a useful early warning tool for the occurrence and transmission of MBDs.
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Roiz D, Ruiz S, Soriguer R, Figuerola J. Climatic effects on mosquito abundance in Mediterranean wetlands. Parasit Vectors 2014; 7:333. [PMID: 25030527 PMCID: PMC4223583 DOI: 10.1186/1756-3305-7-333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The impact of climate change on vector-borne diseases is highly controversial. One of the principal points of debate is whether or not climate influences mosquito abundance, a key factor in disease transmission. Methods To test this hypothesis, we analysed ten years of data (2003–2012) from biweekly surveys to assess inter-annual and seasonal relationships between the abundance of seven mosquito species known to be pathogen vectors (West Nile virus, Usutu virus, dirofilariasis and Plasmodium sp.) and several climatic variables in two wetlands in SW Spain. Results Within-season abundance patterns were related to climatic variables (i.e. temperature, rainfall, tide heights, relative humidity and photoperiod) that varied according to the mosquito species in question. Rainfall during winter months was positively related to Culex pipiens and Ochlerotatus detritus annual abundances. Annual maximum temperatures were non-linearly related to annual Cx. pipiens abundance, while annual mean temperatures were positively related to annual Ochlerotatus caspius abundance. Finally, we modelled shifts in mosquito abundances using the A2 and B2 temperature and rainfall climate change scenarios for the period 2011–2100. While Oc. caspius, an important anthropophilic species, may increase in abundance, no changes are expected for Cx. pipiens or the salt-marsh mosquito Oc. detritus. Conclusions Our results highlight that the effects of climate are species-specific, place-specific and non-linear and that linear approaches will therefore overestimate the effect of climate change on mosquito abundances at high temperatures. Climate warming does not necessarily lead to an increase in mosquito abundance in natural Mediterranean wetlands and will affect, above all, species such as Oc. caspius whose numbers are not closely linked to rainfall and are influenced, rather, by local tidal patterns and temperatures. The final impact of changes in vector abundance on disease frequency will depend on the direct and indirect effects of climate and other parameters related to pathogen amplification and spillover on humans and other vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jordi Figuerola
- Wetland Ecology Department, Doñana Biological Station, CSIC, Sevilla, Spain.
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Dodson BL, Kramer LD, Rasgon JL. Effects of larval rearing temperature on immature development and West Nile virus vector competence of Culex tarsalis. Parasit Vectors 2012; 5:199. [PMID: 22967798 PMCID: PMC3480948 DOI: 10.1186/1756-3305-5-199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2012] [Accepted: 09/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Temperature is known to induce changes in mosquito physiology, development, ecology, and in some species, vector competence for arboviruses. Since colonized mosquitoes are reared under laboratory conditions that can be significantly different from their field counterparts, laboratory vector competence experiments may not accurately reflect natural vector-virus interactions. Methods We evaluated the effects of larval rearing temperature on immature development parameters and vector competence of two Culex tarsalis strains for West Nile virus (WNV). Results Rearing temperature had a significant effect on mosquito developmental parameters, including shorter time to pupation and emergence and smaller female body size as temperature increased. However, infection, dissemination, and transmission rates for WNV at 5, 7, and 14 days post infectious feeding were not consistently affected. Conclusions These results suggest that varying constant larval rearing temperature does not significantly affect laboratory estimates of vector competence for WNV in Culex tarsalis mosquitoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany L Dodson
- Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
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Marina CF, Bond JG, Muñoz J, Valle J, Chirino N, Williams T. Spinosad: a biorational mosquito larvicide for use in car tires in southern Mexico. Parasit Vectors 2012; 5:95. [PMID: 22608138 PMCID: PMC3407511 DOI: 10.1186/1756-3305-5-95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2012] [Accepted: 05/19/2012] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Car tires are important habitats for mosquito development because of the high density populations they can harbor and their presence in urban settings. Water in experimental tires was treated with one of three insecticides or an untreated control. Aquatic invertebrates were sampled at weekly intervals. Eggs, larval and pupal samples were laboratory-reared to estimate seasonal fluctuations in Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus abundance. Results Spinosad treatments at 1 or 5 ppm (mg a.i./liter) provided 6–8 weeks of effective control of Ae. aegypti, Ae. albopictus, Culex quinquefasiatus and Cx. coronator larvae, both in the dry season and the rainy season when mosquito populations increased markedly in southern Mexico. Spinosad continued to provide partial control of larvae for several weeks after initial recolonization of treated tires. The larvicidal performance of VectoBac 12AS (Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis) was relatively poor with one week of complete control of Aedes spp. larvae and no discernible control of Culex spp., whereas the duration of larvicidal activity of 1% temephos mineral-based granules was intermediate between those of VectoBac and spinosad treatments. Populations of chironomids, ostracods and Toxorhynchites theobaldi were generally reduced in spinosad and temephos treatments, but were similar in control and VectoBac treatments. Conclusion The present study is the first to report spinosad as an effective larvicide against Cx. coronator, which is currently invading the southern United States. These results substantiate the use of spinosad as a highly effective mosquito larvicide, even in habitats such as unused car tires that can represent prolific sources of adult mosquitoes.
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