1
|
Franks CE, Li J, Martinez M, Farnsworth CW, Jones PM, Grenache DG, Meng QH, Gronowski AM. Utility of Commercially Available Quantitative hCG Immunoassays as Tumor Markers in Trophoblastic and Non-Trophoblastic Disease. Clin Chem 2023:7173311. [PMID: 37205831 DOI: 10.1093/clinchem/hvad045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of quantitative human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) as a tumor marker is widely accepted despite lack of FDA-approval for oncology. Differences in iso- and glycoform recognition among hCG immunoassays is well established, exhibiting wide inter-method variability. Here, we assess the utility of 5 quantitative hCG immunoassays for use as tumor markers in trophoblastic and non-trophoblastic disease. METHODS Remnant specimens were obtained from 150 patients with gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD), germ cell tumors (GCT), or other malignancies. Specimens were identified by review of results from physician-ordered hCG and tumor marker testing. Five analyzer platforms were used for split specimen analysis of hCG: Abbott Architect Total, Roche cobas STAT, Roche cobas Total, Siemens Dimension Vista Total, and Beckman Access Total. RESULTS Frequency of elevated hCG concentrations (above reference cutoffs) was highest in GTD (100%), followed by GCT (55% to 57%), and other malignancies (8% to 23%). Overall, the Roche cobas Total detected elevated hCG in the greatest number of specimens (63/150). Detection of elevated hCG in trophoblastic disease was nearly equivalent among all immunoassays (range, 41 to 42/60). CONCLUSIONS While no immunoassay is likely to be perfect in all clinical situations, results for the 5 hCG immunoassays evaluated suggest that all are adequate for use of hCG as a tumor marker in gestational trophoblastic disease and select germ cell tumors. Further harmonization of hCG methods is needed as serial testing for biochemical tumor monitoring must still be performed using a single method. Additional studies are needed to assess the utility of quantitative hCG as a tumor marker in other malignant disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline E Franks
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Jieli Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Magen Martinez
- TriCore Reference Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Christopher W Farnsworth
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Patricia M Jones
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center and Children's Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | | | - Qing H Meng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Ann M Gronowski
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Development of radioimmunoassay system for determination of human chorionic gonadotropin in human sera. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-023-08797-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
AbstractThe main objective of this study was the preparation and evaluation of the primary reagents for the liquid phase human chorionic gonadotropin-radioimmunoassay (HCG-RIA) kit. Polyclonal antibody is specific and valid; monoclonal antibodies are more specific. In HCG-RIA technique, polyclonal antibodies for βHCG subunits with high binding and displacement % were used. 125I-HCG radioactive tracer was prepared with high yield 71.58 ± 0.92%, purity 99.2 ± 0.05%, and specific activity 170.42 ± 1.65 µCi/µg using chloramine T method, βHCG polyclonal antisera and HCG standards in assay buffer matrix were locally prepared. In-house HCG-RIA was developed with high sensitivity 0.5 mIU/ml, specificity (99%), precision (CV% < 6.4 and < 8.3 for intra-and inter-assay, respectively), and accuracy (recovery range 96.4–104.3%) could be used for quantitative estimation of HCG in human sera for monitoring pregnancy and diagnosis of gestational trophoblastic diseases.
Collapse
|
3
|
DeLouize AM, Eick G, Karam SD, Snodgrass JJ. Current and future applications of biomarkers in samples collected through minimally invasive methods for cancer medicine and population-based research. Am J Hum Biol 2022; 34:e23665. [PMID: 34374148 PMCID: PMC9894104 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in cancer medicine and research, invasive and potentially risky procedures such as biopsies, venous blood tests, imaging, colonoscopy, and pap smear tests are still primarily used for screening, staging, and assessing response to therapy. The development and interdisciplinary use of biomarkers from urine, feces, saliva, scent, and capillary blood collected with minimally invasive methods represents a potential opportunity for integration with biomarker analysis for cancers, both in clinical practice (e.g., in screening, treatment, and disease monitoring, and improved quality of life for patients) and population-based research (e.g., in epidemiology/public health, studies of social and environmental determinants, and evolutionary medicine). In this article, we review the scientific rationale, benefits, challenges, and potential opportunities for measuring cancer-related biomarkers in samples collected through minimally invasive methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Geeta Eick
- Department of Anthropology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA
| | - Sana D. Karam
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - J. Josh Snodgrass
- Department of Anthropology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA
- Center for Global Health, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tiwari RV, Di Jiang M, Jarvi K, Hamilton R. Elevated HCG and retroperitoneal adenopathy after clomiphene therapy for infertility. BMJ Case Rep 2022; 15:e249766. [PMID: 35473701 PMCID: PMC9045039 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2022-249766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
In the context of an elevated human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) with enlarged retroperitoneal nodes and absent testicular tumours, clinicians will consider a diagnosis of extragonadal germ cell tumours. We report the case of a man in his thirties who while on treatment for subfertility with clomiphene citrate was noted to have enlarged retroperitoneal nodes and elevated HCG levels of 75 IU/L. Chemotherapy with bleomycin, etoposide and cisplatin originally planned was deferred when two separate retroperitoneal nodal biopsies returned as benign fibroadipose tissue and HCG levels spontaneously down-trended to 4 IU/L within 4 months of clomiphene citrate discontinuation. Follow-up imaging revealed regression of the retroperitoneal nodes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Di Jiang
- Medical Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Keith Jarvi
- Division of Urology, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert Hamilton
- Division of Urology, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hryniewicki AT, LaFree A. An Immaculate Deception: Persistently Elevated Serum β-Hcg in Metastatic Signet Ring Cell Gastric Adenocarcinoma. J Emerg Med 2022; 62:475-479. [PMID: 35236614 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2022.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Persistent elevations in beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) can be an ominous sign of both trophoblastic and non-trophoblastic malignancies. The absence of a clearly identified etiology of β-hCG elevation warrants pursuit of further diagnostic testing to determine the source of ectopic β-hCG. CASE REPORT A virginal 26-year-old woman with past medical history significant for persistently elevated β-hCG presented to our Emergency Department with shortness of breath, pleuritic chest pain, nausea, and vomiting, and was found to have widely metastatic gastric signet ring cell adenocarcinoma. WHY SHOULD AN EMERGENCY PHYSICIAN BE AWARE OF THIS?: Although elevated serum β-hCG is a generally a marker of pregnancy, β-hCG elevation without clear etiology necessitates ruling out other insidious processes. Failure to maintain and pursue a broad differential in the context of unexplained elevations of β-hCG can result in catastrophic missed or delayed diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam T Hryniewicki
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Andrew LaFree
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Cao T, Lu Y, Wang Q, Qin H, Li H, Guo H, Ge M, Glass SE, Singh B, Zhang W, Dong J, Du F, Qian A, Tian Y, Wang X, Li C, Wu K, Fan D, Nie Y, Coffey RJ, Zhao X. A CGA/EGFR/GATA2 positive feedback circuit confers chemoresistance in gastric cancer. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:154074. [PMID: 35289315 PMCID: PMC8920335 DOI: 10.1172/jci154074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
De novo and acquired resistance are major impediments to the efficacy of conventional and targeted cancer therapy. In unselected gastric cancer (GC) patients with advanced disease, trials combining chemotherapy and an anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody have been largely unsuccessful. In an effort to identify biomarkers of resistance so as to better select patients for such trials, we screened the secretome of chemotherapy-treated human GC cell lines. We found that levels of CGA, the α-subunit of glycoprotein hormones, were markedly increased in the conditioned media of chemoresistant GC cells, and CGA immunoreactivity was enhanced in GC tissues that progressed on chemotherapy. CGA levels in plasma increased in GC patients who received chemotherapy, and this increase was correlated with reduced responsiveness to chemotherapy and poor survival. Mechanistically, secreted CGA was found to bind to EGFR and activate EGFR signaling, thereby conferring a survival advantage to GC cells. N-glycosylation of CGA at Asn52 and Asn78 is required for its stability, secretion, and interaction with EGFR. GATA2 was found to activate CGA transcription, whose increase, in turn, induced the expression and phosphorylation of GATA2 in an EGFR-dependent manner, forming a positive feedback circuit that was initiated by GATA2 autoregulation upon sublethal exposure to chemotherapy. Based on this circuit, combination strategies involving anti-EGFR therapies or targeting CGA with microRNAs (miR-708-3p and miR-761) restored chemotherapy sensitivity. These findings identify a clinically actionable CGA/EGFR/GATA2 circuit and highlight CGA as a predictive biomarker and therapeutic target in chemoresistant GC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuanyuan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hongqiang Qin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
| | - Hongwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,State Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Innovative Drug Development, Jiangsu Simcere Diagnostics Co., Ltd., Nanjing, China
| | - Minghui Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Innovative Drug Development, Jiangsu Simcere Diagnostics Co., Ltd., Nanjing, China
| | - Sarah E Glass
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Bhuminder Singh
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Wenyao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiaqiang Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Feng Du
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Airong Qian
- Key Laboratory for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Key Laboratory for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Cunxi Li
- Beijing Institute of Human Reproduction and Genetics Medicine, Beijing, China.,Jiaen Genetics Laboratory, Beijing Jiaen Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Kaichun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Daiming Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yongzhan Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Robert J Coffey
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Xiaodi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bilim V, Hoshi S. Multiple endocrine disorders manifested as gynecomastia in a patient with renal pelvis cancer. Clin Case Rep 2022; 10:e05438. [PMID: 35169473 PMCID: PMC8832167 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.5438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
A 95‐year‐old man was diagnosed with left renal pelvis cancer which presented with rapid tumor growth, multiple metastases, and bilateral tender gynecomastia. Elevated serum human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), prolactin, estradiol, and progesterone were detected. The patient's condition rapidly deteriorated, and he passed away.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Senji Hoshi
- Yamagata Tokushukai Hospital Yamagata city Japan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Reddy R. Rare Case of a Young Female With Co-existent Hydatidiform Mole and Pulmonary Metastases: An Underrecognized Entity. Cureus 2021; 13:e20245. [PMID: 35004059 PMCID: PMC8730798 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.20245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
|
9
|
Lee EB, Chakravarthi VP, Wolfe MW, Rumi MAK. ERβ Regulation of Gonadotropin Responses during Folliculogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910348. [PMID: 34638689 PMCID: PMC8508937 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Gonadotropins are essential for regulating ovarian development, steroidogenesis, and gametogenesis. While follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) promotes the development of ovarian follicles, luteinizing hormone (LH) regulates preovulatory maturation of oocytes, ovulation, and formation of corpus luteum. Cognate receptors of FSH and LH are G-protein coupled receptors that predominantly signal through cAMP-dependent and cAMP-independent mechanisms that activate protein kinases. Subsequent vital steps in response to gonadotropins are mediated through activation or inhibition of transcription factors required for follicular gene expression. Estrogen receptors, classical ligand-activated transcriptional regulators, play crucial roles in regulating gonadotropin secretion from the hypothalamic-pituitary axis as well as gonadotropin function in the target organs. In this review, we discuss the role of estrogen receptor β (ERβ) regulating gonadotropin response during folliculogenesis. Ovarian follicles in Erβ knockout (ErβKO) mutant female mice and rats cannot develop beyond the antral state, lack oocyte maturation, and fail to ovulate. Theca cells (TCs) in ovarian follicles express LH receptor, whereas granulosa cells (GCs) express both FSH receptor (FSHR) and LH receptor (LHCGR). As oocytes do not express the gonadotropin receptors, the somatic cells play a crucial role during gonadotropin induced oocyte maturation. Somatic cells also express high levels of estrogen receptors; while TCs express ERα and are involved in steroidogenesis, GCs express ERβ and are involved in both steroidogenesis and folliculogenesis. GCs are the primary site of ERβ-regulated gene expression. We observed that a subset of gonadotropin-induced genes in GCs, which are essential for ovarian follicle development, oocyte maturation and ovulation, are dependent on ERβ. Thus, ERβ plays a vital role in regulating the gonadotropin responses in ovary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eun B. Lee
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; (E.B.L.); (V.P.C.)
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA;
| | - V. Praveen Chakravarthi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; (E.B.L.); (V.P.C.)
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA;
- Institute for Reproduction and Perinatal Research, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Michael W. Wolfe
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA;
- Institute for Reproduction and Perinatal Research, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - M. A. Karim Rumi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; (E.B.L.); (V.P.C.)
- Institute for Reproduction and Perinatal Research, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-913-588-8059
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Miller C, McQuade M, MacCallum J, Zhang YV. Persistently elevated hCG in a patient with no clear evidence of pregnancy. Clin Chim Acta 2020; 510:703-706. [PMID: 32910977 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We describe a case of a female patient with a complex medical history, including squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue, and persistent elevation in serum hCG and no confirmed intrauterine or extrauterine pregnancy. METHODS The clinical chemistry laboratory was called upon to help clarify the situation and reach a diagnosis. RESULTS Multiple potential sources of elevated hCG were considered and excluded. CONCLUSIONS This case shows a rare example of paraneoplastic hCG expression and highlights the role of the clinical chemistry laboratory in resolving diagnostic dilemmas and interpreting laboratory results in patients with multiple medical comorbidities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Miller
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Miriam McQuade
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Julia MacCallum
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Y Victoria Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Aziz NB, Mahmudunnabi RG, Umer M, Sharma S, Rashid MA, Alhamhoom Y, Shim YB, Salomon C, Shiddiky MJA. MicroRNAs in ovarian cancer and recent advances in the development of microRNA-based biosensors. Analyst 2020; 145:2038-2057. [DOI: 10.1039/c9an02263e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the most aggressive of all gynaecological malignancies and is the leading cause of cancer-associated mortality worldwide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nahian Binte Aziz
- School of Environment and Science
- Griffith University
- Nathan Campus
- Australia
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Biosciences
| | - Rabbee G. Mahmudunnabi
- Department of Molecular Science Technology and Institute of BioPhysio Sensor Technology (IBST)
- Pusan National University
- Busan 46241
- Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad Umer
- Queensland Micro and nanotechnology Centre
- Griffith University
- Nathan Campus
- Australia
| | - Shayna Sharma
- Exosome Biology Laboratory
- Centre for Clinical Diagnostics
- University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital
- The University of Queensland
| | - Md Abdur Rashid
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- College of Pharmacy
- King Khalid University
- Abha
- Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Yahya Alhamhoom
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- College of Pharmacy
- King Khalid University
- Abha
- Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Yoon-Bo Shim
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of BioPhysio Sensor Technology (IBST)
- Pusan National University
- Busan 46241
- Republic of Korea
| | - Carlos Salomon
- Exosome Biology Laboratory
- Centre for Clinical Diagnostics
- University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital
- The University of Queensland
| | - Muhammad J. A. Shiddiky
- School of Environment and Science
- Griffith University
- Nathan Campus
- Australia
- Queensland Micro and nanotechnology Centre
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Hoshi S, Numahata K, Morozumi K, Katumata Y, Kuromoto A, Takai Y, Hoshi K, Bilim V, Sasagawa I. Bladder cancer metastasis producing beta-human chorionic gonadotropin, squamous cell carcinoma antigen, granulocyte-colony stimulating factor, and parathyroid hormone-related protein. IJU Case Rep 2018; 2:47-50. [PMID: 32743371 PMCID: PMC7292181 DOI: 10.1002/iju5.12036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction In urothelial cancer, several paraneoplastic syndromes can be triggered by the aberrant expression of hormones, growth factors or lymphokines by tumor cells. Case presentation A 71‐year‐old female patient underwent radical cystectomy for muscle‐invasive urothelial cancer. Shortly after the operation, the patient presented with a leukemoid reaction and hypercalcemia. Computed tomography scans revealed a rapidly progressing tumor on the left pelvic side, and serum levels of granulocyte‐colony stimulating factor, parathyroid hormone‐related protein, and beta human chorionic gonadotropin were elevated. The patient also tested positive for serum squamous cell carcinoma antigen. Hypercalcemia was successfully treated with denosumab. However, the patient's leukocyte counts steadily increased, her condition deteriorated and she passed away. Conclusion To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of urothelial cancer that tested positive for four tumor markers. The findings support the idea that poorly differentiated bladder carcinomas can ectopically secrete multiple proteins causing pleiotropic paraneoplastic syndromes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Senji Hoshi
- Department of UrologyYamagata Tokushukai HospitalYamagataJapan
- Department of UrologyYamagata Prefectural Central HospitalYamagataJapan
| | - Kenji Numahata
- Department of UrologyYamagata Prefectural Central HospitalYamagataJapan
| | - Kento Morozumi
- Department of UrologyYamagata Prefectural Central HospitalYamagataJapan
| | - Yuuki Katumata
- Department of UrologyYamagata Prefectural Central HospitalYamagataJapan
| | - Akito Kuromoto
- Department of UrologyYamagata Prefectural Central HospitalYamagataJapan
| | - Yuuki Takai
- Department of UrologyYamagata Prefectural Central HospitalYamagataJapan
| | - Kiyotugu Hoshi
- Department of UrologyYamagata Tokushukai HospitalYamagataJapan
| | - Vladimir Bilim
- Department of UrologyKameda Daiichi HospitalNiigataJapan
| | - Isoji Sasagawa
- Department of UrologyYamagata Tokushukai HospitalYamagataJapan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
He W, Hou M, Zhang H, Zeng C, He S, Chen X, Xu M, Sun C, Jiang W, Wang H, Shen H, Zhang Y, Liu J, Sun S, Jiang N, Cui Y, Sun Y, Chen Y, Cao J, Wang C, Li M, Zhang Y, Wang L, Wang J, Lin M, Ke Z. Clinical significance of circulating tumor cells in predicting disease progression and chemotherapy resistance in patients with gestational choriocarcinoma. Int J Cancer 2018; 144:1421-1431. [PMID: 30070688 PMCID: PMC6587450 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Gestational choriocarcinoma (GC) is a highly aggressive tumor. In our study, we systematically investigated EpCAM/CD147 expression characteristics in patients with GC and assessed the role of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in predicting chemotherapy response and disease progression. GC tissues were positive for either epithelial cellular adhesion molecule (EpCAM) or CD147, and all samples exhibited strong human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) expression. Among all the recruited patients (n = 115), 103 had at least 1 CTC in a 7.5‐mL peripheral blood sample, and the percentage of patients with ≥4 CTCs in a particular FIGO stage group increased with a higher FIGO stage (p < 0.001). Furthermore, the pretreatment CTC count was related to tumor size (r = 0.225, p = 0.015) and the number of metastases (r = 0.603, p < 0.001). A progression analysis showed that among the 115 included patients who qualified for further examination, 52 of the 64 patients defined as progressive had ≥4 pretreatment CTCs, while only 7 of the 51 non‐progressive patients had ≥4 pretreatment CTCs (p < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, CTCs (≥4) remained the strongest predictor of PFS when other prognostic markers, FIGO score and FIGO stage were included. Moreover, based on the chemotherapy response, patients with ≥4 CTCs were more likely to be resistant to chemotherapy than those with <4 CTCs (P < 0.001). These findings demonstrates the feasibility of CTC detection in cases of GC by adopting EpCAM/CD147 antibodies together as capturing antibodies. The CTC count is a promising indicator in the evaluation of biological activities and the chemotherapy response in GC patients. What's new? Gestational choriocarcinoma tumor cells tend to spread to distant organs by hematogenous dissemination. This study shows that circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in patients with gestational choriocarcinomas can be readily captured by targeting the highly expressed membrane antigens EpCAM and CD147. Elevated CTC levels, defined as 4 or more CTCs per 7.5 ml of peripheral blood, were found to predict chemotherapy resistance and to more effectively predict disease progression where compared with traditional β‐human chorionic gonadotropin. The findings suggest that CTC enumeration could be used to stratify gestational choriocarcinoma patients for personalized clinical intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiling He
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Minzhi Hou
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Gynecology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Zeng
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pathology, Guangdong Medical College, Dongguan, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanyang He
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinlin Chen
- School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Manman Xu
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Sun
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenting Jiang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongwei Shen
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shijun Sun
- Molecular Diagnosis Center, The Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhongshan, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Neng Jiang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongmei Cui
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangshan Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jessica Cao
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - Mengzhen Li
- MyGene Diagnostics, Guangzhou International Biotech Island, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Liantang Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhong Wang
- Pricision Medicine Center, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Millicent Lin
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Zunfu Ke
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Li M, Cheng W, Nie T, Lai H, Hu X, Luo J, Li F, Li H. Selenoprotein K Mediates the Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion of Human Choriocarcinoma Cells by Negatively Regulating Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Expression via ERK, p38 MAPK, and Akt Signaling Pathway. Biol Trace Elem Res 2018; 184:47-59. [PMID: 28983820 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-017-1155-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Selenoprotein K (SelK), a member of selenoprotein family, is identified as a single endoplasmic reticulum (ER) transmembrane protein. Although over-expression of SelK inhibits adherence and migration of human gastric cancer BGC-823 cells, the effects of SelK in human choriocarcinoma (CCA) are not well understood. In this study, the expression levels of SelK in three CCA cell lines, BeWo, JEG-3, and JAR, were examined. The effects of silencing or over-expressing SelK on expression of human chorionic gonadotropin beta subunit (β-hCG) were detected by western blotting. The results show that the protein level of β-hCG was reciprocally regulated by down- or up-regulation of SelK (*P < 0.05; #P < 0.05). The proliferative, migratory, and invasive capabilities of JEG-3 cells with reduced or over-expressed SelK were then tested using the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), wound healing, and transwell chamber assays. We found that these cellular activities were markedly increased by the loss of SelK in JEG-3 cells. Conversely, over-expressing SelK in JEG-3 cells suppressed these phenotypes. In addition, SelK expression after down- or up-regulation of β-hCG was also measured. Surprisingly, we found that level of SelK was affected by β-hCG (*P < 0.05; #P < 0.05). The proliferation, migration, and invasion were determined in JEG-3 cells after each over-expression and reduction of β-hCG. The results confirmed that β-hCG functions as a promoter of human choriocarcinoma. Furthermore, ERK/p38 MAPK and Akt signaling pathways were found to involve in these cellular functions. This work suggests that SelK may act as a tumor suppressor in human choriocarcinoma cells by negatively regulating β-hCG expression via ERK, p38 MAPK, and Akt signaling pathways. These findings revealed that selenoprotein K may serve as a novel target for human choriocarcinoma therapy in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengdi Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical Science College, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Wanpeng Cheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qinhuangdao First Hospital, 258 Wenhua Road, Qinhuangdao, 066000, China
| | - Tingting Nie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical Science College, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Hehuan Lai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical Science College, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Xiaoyan Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical Science College, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Jincheng Luo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical Science College, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Fenglan Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical Science College, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical Science College, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Harbin, 150081, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wahid B, Bashir H, Bilal M, Wahid K, Sumrin A. Developing a deeper insight into reproductive biomarkers. Clin Exp Reprod Med 2017; 44:159-170. [PMID: 29376011 PMCID: PMC5783911 DOI: 10.5653/cerm.2017.44.4.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of biomarkers of reproductive medicine is still in its infancy because many black boxes are still present in reproductive medicine. Novel approaches to human infertility diagnostics and treatment must be developed because reproductive medicine has lagged behind in the implementation of biomarkers in clinical medicine. Despite the dearth of the available literature, the current rapid pace of publications suggests that this gap will soon be filled therefore; this review is a précis of the research that has been done so far and will provide a basis for the development of biomarkers in reproductive medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Braira Wahid
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.,Genome Centre for Molecular Based Diagnosis and Research, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hamid Bashir
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Khansa Wahid
- Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aleena Sumrin
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Jayaraman A, Kumar TR. Extra-pituitary expressed follicle-stimulating hormone: Is it physiologically important? Biol Reprod 2017; 97:622-626. [PMID: 29036567 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/iox117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pituitary gonadotropes synthesize and secrete follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). FSH is a heterodimer that consists of an α- and β-subunit. The α-subunit is common to other pituitary and placental glycoprotein hormones, and the β-subunit is the hormone/receptor-specific subunit. Although the pituitary is the main tissue that accounts for circulating hormone, previous and recent reports indicate extra-pituitary sources of FSH production including mouse gonads, human stomach, prostate, umbilical cord vein endothelial cells, uterine myometrium, placenta, and chicken abdominal adipose tissue. Whether extra-pituitary derived FSH exerts any physiologically significant actions is not known. In this review, we have comprehensively analyzed the expression of mRNAs that encode mouse and human FSH subunits and also their corresponding expressed sequence tags in normal tissues, cancer cell lines, and primary tumors by public database mining. We propose criteria to assess the significance of individual FSH subunit or FSH dimer expression as well as genetic approaches to unambiguously define the physiological relevance of extra-pituitary FSH expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anushka Jayaraman
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - T Rajendra Kumar
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA.,Program in Integrated Physiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA.,Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA.,Program in Neuroscience, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA.,Charles C. Gates Center for Regenerative Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA.,Division of Reproductive Endocrinology & Infertility, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ghadiri M, Vasheghani-Farahani E, Atyabi F, Kobarfard F, Mohamadyar-Toupkanlou F, Hosseinkhani H. Transferrin-conjugated magnetic dextran-spermine nanoparticles for targeted drug transport across blood-brain barrier. J Biomed Mater Res A 2017. [PMID: 28639394 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Application of many vital hydrophilic medicines have been restricted by blood-brain barrier (BBB) for treatment of brain diseases. In this study, a targeted drug delivery system based on dextran-spermine biopolymer was developed for drug transport across BBB. Drug loaded magnetic dextran-spermine nanoparticles (DS-NPs) were prepared via ionic gelation followed by transferrin (Tf) conjugation as targeting moiety. The characteristics of Tf conjugated nanoparticles (TDS-NPs) were analyzed by different methods and their cytotoxicity effects on U87MG cells were tested. The superparamagnetic characteristic of TDS-NPs was verified by vibration simple magnetometer. Capecitabine loaded TDS-NPs exhibited pH-sensitive release behavior with enhanced cytotoxicity against U87MG cells, compared to DS-NPs and free capecitabine. Prussian-blue staining and TEM-imaging showed the significant cellular uptake of TDS-NPs. Furthermore, a remarkable increase of Fe concentrations in brain was observed following their biodistribution and histological studies in vivo, after 1 and 7 days of post-injection. Enhanced drug transport across BBB and pH-triggered cellular uptake of TDS-NPs indicated that these theranostic nanocarriers are promising candidate for the brain malignance treatment. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 2851-2864, 2017.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Ghadiri
- Biomedical Engineering Division, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, PO Box 14115-114, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Vasheghani-Farahani
- Biomedical Engineering Division, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, PO Box 14115-114, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Atyabi
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 14174, Iran
| | - Farzad Kobarfard
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Fluorescence resonance energy transfer usage to track the sequence promoter changes in CGB5 gene in ovarian cancer patients. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 90:139-146. [PMID: 28355589 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.02.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Revised: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The survival rates for ovarian cancer patients remain very low, often as a result of late diagnosis due to the asymptomatic course of the early stage disease. Based on the important biological contribution of human chorionic gonadotropin to various key processes including; cell cycle control, DNA repair, cellular differentiation and developmental processes, we hypothesized that genetic polymorphisms in the genes promoter could be associated with ovarian cancer risk. Thus, the purpose of the study was to determine whether particular polymorphisms occur in the promoter region of the human chorionic gonadotropin polypeptide 5 encoding gene, and if so, are they associated with ovarian cancer outcome. PATIENTS AND METHODS We analyzed Central European females diagnosed with ovarian cancer (n=95) and controls (n=76) for the occurrence of at least one of three polymorphisms (rs7260002, rs7246045, rs540432391) and their impact on cancer risk. The fluorescence resonance energy transfer technique was used in order to conduct single nucleotide polymorphisms genotyping. RESULTS The occurrence of two studied polymorphisms, rs7260002 and rs540432391 present in the 5' upstream region of the chorionic gonadotropin (CG) gene were associated with an increased risk of ovarian cancer. The former polymorphism had a minor impact on cancer risk (P=0.049; OR=1.95; 95% CI=0.97-3.92), while the latter had a much larger impact and may be of great importance in the evaluation of cancer development in the analyzed population (p<0.001; OR 8.5; 95% CI 3.59-20.23). CONCLUSIONS The fluorescence resonance energy transfer application used in tracking the sequence promoter variations of genes expressed during tumorigenesis may be an important factor in early prediction of ovarian cancer. Taking under consideration the elevated CG expression associated with several different cancer types it seems reasonable to estimate if the analyzed polymorphisms could affect cancer outcome.
Collapse
|
19
|
Mazina O, Allikalt A, Tapanainen JS, Salumets A, Rinken A. Determination of biological activity of gonadotropins hCG and FSH by Förster resonance energy transfer based biosensors. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42219. [PMID: 28181555 PMCID: PMC5299843 DOI: 10.1038/srep42219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Determination of biological activity of gonadotropin hormones is essential in reproductive medicine and pharmaceutical manufacturing of the hormonal preparations. The aim of the study was to adopt a G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR)-mediated signal transduction pathway based assay for quantification of biological activity of gonadotropins. We focussed on studying human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), as these hormones are widely used in clinical practice. Receptor-specific changes in cellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP, second messenger in GPCR signalling) were monitored by a Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) biosensor protein TEpacVV in living cells upon activation of the relevant gonadotropin receptor. The BacMam gene delivery system was used for biosensor protein expression in target cells. In the developed assay only biologically active hormones initiated GPCR-mediated cellular signalling. High assay sensitivities were achieved for detection of hCG (limit of detection, LOD: 5 pM) and FSH (LOD: 100 pM). Even the small-scale conformational changes caused by thermal inactivation and reducing the biological activity of the hormones were registered. In conclusion, the proposed assay is suitable for quantification of biological activity of gonadotropins and is a good alternative to antibody- and animal-testing-based assays used in pharmaceutical industry and clinical research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olga Mazina
- University of Tartu, Institute of Chemistry, Tartu, Estonia
- Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Anni Allikalt
- University of Tartu, Institute of Chemistry, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Juha S. Tapanainen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Andres Salumets
- Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu, Estonia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ago Rinken
- University of Tartu, Institute of Chemistry, Tartu, Estonia
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Casarini L, Brigante G, Simoni M, Santi D. Clinical Applications of Gonadotropins in the Female: Assisted Reproduction and Beyond. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2016; 143:85-119. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2016.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
21
|
Bhartiya D. Ubiquitous expression of FSH/LH/hCG receptors, OCT-4, and CD133 in adult organs and cancers reflects novel VSELs biology. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jrhm.2015.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|