1
|
Lei T, Wang H, Li S, Cai X, Chen S, Cheng T, Shen J, Shi S, Zhou D. Comparison of Profiling of Hairy Root of Two Tibetan Medicinal Plants Przewalskia tangutica Maxim. and Anisodus tanguticus Maxim. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2020; 21:516-527. [DOI: 10.2174/1389201020666191127125842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Tropane Alkaloids (TAs) are important drugs for curing many diseases in the
medical industry.
Methods:
To sustainably exploit TA resources in endangered traditional Tibetan herbs, the hairy root
(HR) systems of Przewalskia tangutica Maxim. and Anisodus tanguticus Maxim. were compared under
the same culture conditions.
Results:
The results indicated that both the Agrobacterium rhizogenes strains and explants affected the
HR induction frequency, MSU440, A4 and LBA9402 strains could induce hairy roots following infection
of cotyledon and hypocotyl of A. tanguticus while LBA9402 could not induce HR on either explants
of P. tangutica. The efficiency of LBA9402 was higher than A4 and MSU440 on A. tanguticus
and A4 was better strain than MSU440 on P. tangutica. The hypocotyl explant was more suitable for
P.tangutica and cotyledon explant was better for A.tangutica with a transformation frequency of 33.3%
(P. tangutica) and 82.5% (A. tanguticus), respectively. In a flask reactor system, both the growth
curves of HR for two species both appeared to be “S” curve; however, the HR of P. tangutica grew
more rapidly than that of A. tanguticus, and the latter accumulated more biomass than the former. As
the culture volume increased, the HR proliferation coefficient of both the species increased. HPLC
analysis results showed that the content of TAs in the HR of P. tangutica was 257.24mg/100g·DW,
which was more than that of A. tanguticus HR (251.08mg/100g·DW), and the anisodamine in the Pt-
HR was significantly higher than that in At-HR. Moreover, tropane alkaloids in the HR of the two species
were all significantly higher than that of the roots of aseptic seedlings.
Conclusion:
Our results suggest that HR of P. tangutica and A. tanguticus both could provide a useful
platform for sustainable utilization of two Tibetan medicinal plants in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in
the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianxiang Lei
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota (AEPB), Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, Qinghai, China
| | - Huan Wang
- Tibetan Medicine Center, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, Qinghai, China
| | - Songling Li
- Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, Qinghai, China
| | - Xiaojian Cai
- Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, Qinghai, China
| | - Shilong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota (AEPB), Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, Qinghai, China
| | - Tingfeng Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota (AEPB), Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, Qinghai, China
| | - Jianwei Shen
- Tibetan Medicine Center, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, Qinghai, China
| | - Shengbo Shi
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota (AEPB), Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, Qinghai, China
| | - Dangwei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota (AEPB), Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, Qinghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Genetic transformation of the endangered Tibetan medicinal plant Przewalskia tangutica Maxim and alkaloid production profiling revealed by HPLC. 3 Biotech 2018; 8:179. [PMID: 29556433 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-018-1203-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
To achieve a high yield of tropane alkaloids (TA) and exploit the alpine plant sustainably, an optimized protocol for induction and establishment of hairy roots culture of Prezwalskia tangutica Maxim was developed through selection of appropriate Agrobacterium strain and the explant type. The hypocotyl is more readily facile to induce the HR than the cotyledon is when infected with the three different agrobacterium strains. MUS440 has an efficiency (of up to 20%), whereas the ATCC10060 (A4) can induce HR on both types of explants with the highest frequency (33.33%), root length (21.17 ± 2.84 cm), and root number (10.83 ± 1.43) per explant than the other strains. The highest HR production resulted from using hypocotyl as explants. Independent transformed HR was able to grow vigorously and to propagate on a no-hormone 1/2MS liquid medium. The presence of pRi rolB gene in transformation of HR was confirmed by PCR amplification. In the liquid medium, the HR growth curve appeared to be "S" shaped, and ADB had increased to 4.633 g/l. Moreover, HPLC analysis showed that HR lines have an extraordinary ability to produce atropine (229.88 mg/100 g), anisodine (4.09 mg/100 g), anisodamine (12.85 mg/100 g), and scopolamine (10.69 mg/100 g), which were all more significant than the control roots. In conclusion, our study optimized the culture condition and established a feasible genetics reactor for P. tangutica green exploration and biological study in the alpine region.
Collapse
|
3
|
Tian L. Using Hairy Roots for Production of Valuable Plant Secondary Metabolites. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 149:275-324. [PMID: 25583225 DOI: 10.1007/10_2014_298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Plants synthesize a wide variety of natural products, which are traditionally termed secondary metabolites and, more recently, coined specialized metabolites. While these chemical compounds are employed by plants for interactions with their environment, humans have long since explored and exploited plant secondary metabolites for medicinal and practical uses. Due to the tissue-specific and low-abundance accumulation of these metabolites, alternative means of production in systems other than intact plants are sought after. To this end, hairy root culture presents an excellent platform for producing valuable secondary metabolites. This chapter will focus on several major groups of secondary metabolites that are manufactured by hairy roots established from different plant species. Additionally, the methods for preservations of hairy roots will also be reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Tian
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA,
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Swain SS, Rout KK, Chand PK. Production of triterpenoid anti-cancer compound taraxerol in Agrobacterium-transformed root cultures of butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea L.). Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2012; 168:487-503. [PMID: 22843061 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-012-9791-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2012] [Accepted: 07/03/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Independent transformed root somaclones (rhizoclones) of butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea L.) were established using explant co-cultivation with Agrobacterium rhizogenes. Rhizoclones capable of sustained growth were maintained under low illumination in auxin-free agar-solidified MS medium through subcultures at periodic intervals. Integration of T(L)-DNA rolB gene in the transformed rhizoclone genome was verified by Southern blot hybridization, and the transcript expression of T(R)-DNA ags and man2 genes was ascertained by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis. The major compound isolated and purified from the transformed root extracts was identified as the pentacyclic triterpenoid compound taraxerol using IR, (1)H-NMR, and (13)C-NMR spectroscopy. The taraxerol yield in cultured hairy roots, as quantified by HPTLC analysis, was up to 4-fold on dry weight basis compared to that in natural roots. Scanning of bands from cultured transformed roots and natural roots gave super-imposable spectra with standard taraxerol, suggesting a remarkable homology in composition. To date, this is the first report claiming production of the cancer therapeutic phytochemical taraxerol in genetically transformed root cultures as a viable alternative to in vivo roots of naturally occurring plant species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Swasti S Swain
- Plant Cell and Tissue Culture Facility, Post-Graduate Department of Botany, Utkal University, Vani Vihar, Bhubaneswar 751 004 Odisha, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bhadra R, Vani S, Shanks JV. Production of indole alkaloids by selected hairy root lines of Catharanthus roseus. Biotechnol Bioeng 2010; 41:581-92. [PMID: 18609590 DOI: 10.1002/bit.260410511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Hairy root cultures of Catharanthus roseus were established by infection of seedlings with Agrobacterium rhizogenes 15834. Approximately 150 transformants from four different. C. roseus cultivars were screened for desirable traits in growth and indole alkaloid production. Five hairy root clones grew well in liquid culture with doubling times similar to those reported for cell suspensions. Fast growing clones had similar morphologies, characterized by thin, straight, and regular branches with thin tips. The levels of key alkaloids, ajmalicine, serpentine, and catharanthine, in these five clones, also compared well with literature data from cell suspensions, yet HPLC and GC-MS data indicate the presence of vindoline in two clones at levels over three orders of magnitude greater than the minute amounts reported in cell culture. These results suggest that further optimization may result in hairy roots as a potential source of vindoline and catharanthine, the two monomers necessary to synthesize that antineoplastic drug, vinblastine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Bhadra
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of the Biosciences and Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77251, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Identification of Korean Ginseng Cytochrome P450 gene and Its Characterization by Transformation System. J Ginseng Res 2009. [DOI: 10.5142/jgr.2009.33.3.212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
|
7
|
Optimization of induction and culture conditions and tropane alkaloid production in hairy roots of Anisodus acutangulus. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-008-0035-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
8
|
Abstract
The current methods for tropane alkaloid chromatographic separation and determination are summarised. The alkaloids included are: the medicinally applied tropic acid esters hyoscyamine and scopolamine and their derivatives, cocaine and derivatives, the metabolites and degradation products of these compounds occurring in plant material, calystegines as nortropane alkaloids, anatoxins as homonortropane alkaloids, pelletierines and pseudopelletierines as alkaloids with isomeric structures. Developments in GC, HPLC, CE and TLC are presented and the advantages of each method for plant analysis are discussed. A summary for each chromatographic method lists the instrumentation and parameters applied for tropane alkaloids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Birgit Dräger
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Hoher Weg 8, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
|
10
|
Abstract
Agrobacterium rhizogenes causes hairy root disease in plants. The neoplastic roots produced by A. rhizogenes infection is characterized by high growth rate and genetic stability. These genetically transformed root cultures can produce higher levels of secondary metabolites or amounts comparable to that of intact plants. Hairy root cultures offer promise for production of valuable secondary metabolites in many plants. The main constraint for commercial exploitation of hairy root cultures is their scaling up, as there is a need for developing a specially designed bioreactor that permits the growth of interconnected tissues unevenly distributed throughout the vessel. Rheological characteristics of heterogeneous system should also be taken into consideration during mass scale culturing of hairy roots. Development of bioreactor models for hairy root cultures is still a recent phenomenon. It is also necessary to develop computer-aided models for different parameters such as oxygen consumption and excretion of product to the medium. Further, transformed roots are able to regenerate genetically stable plants as transgenics or clones. This property of rapid growth and high plantlet regeneration frequency allows clonal propagation of elite plants. In addition, the altered phenotype of hairy root regenerants (hairy root syndrome) is useful in plant breeding programs with plants of ornamental interest. In vitro transformation and regeneration from hairy roots facilitates application of biotechnology to tree species. The ability to manipulate trees at a cellular and molecular level shows great potential for clonal propagation and genetic improvement. Transgenic root system offers tremendous potential for introducing additional genes along with the Ri T-DNA genes for alteration of metabolic pathways and production of useful metabolites or compounds of interest. This article discusses various applications and perspectives of hairy root cultures and the recent progress achieved with respect to transformation of plants using A. rhizogenes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Giri
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad 500028, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
|
12
|
Canto-Canché B, Loyola-Vargas VM. Chemicals from roots, hairy roots, and their application. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 1999; 464:235-75. [PMID: 10335398 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-4729-7_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Plants produce thousands of different compounds through the secondary metabolism pathways. Since many of these products are obtained by direct extraction from plants that are cultivated in the field or some times even collected in their original habitat several factors can alter their yield. The use of plant cell cultures has overcome several inconveniences for the production of secondary metabolites. Organized cultures, and especially root cultures, can make a significant contribution to our understanding of secondary metabolism. Furthermore, a new alternative has arisen: transformed root cultures. Until now, hairy roots have been obtained from more than 100 different species. The products that they are able to produce range from alkaloids to aromatic compounds and dyes. These kinds of cultures have turned out to be an invaluable tool to study the biochemistry and the gene expression of the metabolic pathways in order to elucidate the intermediaries and enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Canto-Canché
- Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Unidad de Biología Experimental, México
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
|
14
|
Merkli A, Christen P, Kapetanidis I. Production of diosgenin by hairy root cultures ofTrigonella foenum-graecum L. PLANT CELL REPORTS 1997; 16:632-636. [PMID: 30727609 DOI: 10.1007/bf01275505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/1996] [Revised: 06/27/1996] [Accepted: 08/19/1996] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Hairy root cultures ofTrigonella foenum-graecum L. were established withAgrobacterium rhizogenes strain A4. The hairy roots produce diosgenin, an important spirostanol for the semi-synthesis of steroid hormones. Fourteen different liquid media were investigated. The fastest growth was obtained in McCown's woody plant (WP) medium supplemented with 3% sucrose; the highest diosgenin content was observed in half-strength WP medium with 1% sucrose (0.040% dry weight), which represents almost twice the amount detected in the 8-month-old non-transformed roots (0.024%). A time-course study in WP liquid media supplemented with 3% sucrose was undertaken. In these conditions, 17 μg diosgenin/g fresh weight were produced. The influence of cholesterol, medium pH and chitosan on diosgenin production was tested. The addition of 40 mg/l chitosan elevated the diosgenin content to three times that found in non-elicited hairy roots.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Merkli
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Geneva, Sciences II, 30 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, CH-1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - P Christen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Geneva, Sciences II, 30 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, CH-1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland.
| | - I Kapetanidis
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Geneva, Sciences II, 30 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, CH-1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
|
16
|
Krikorian AD. Strategies for "minimal growth maintenance" of cell cultures: a perspective on management for extended duration experimentation in the microgravity environment of a Space station. THE BOTANICAL REVIEW; INTERPRETING BOTANICAL PROGRESS 1996; 62:41-108. [PMID: 11540094 DOI: 10.1007/bf02868920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
How cells manage without gravity and how they change in the absence of gravity are basic questions that only prolonged life on a Space station will enable us to answer. We know from investigations carried out on various kinds of Space vehicles and stations that profound physiological effects can and often to occur. We need to know more of the basic biochemistry and biophysics both of cells and of whole organisms in conditions of reduced gravity. The unique environment of Space affords plant scientists an unusual opportunity to carry out experiments in microgravity, but some major challenges must be faced before this can be done with confidence. Various laboratory activities that are routine on Earth take on special significance and offer problems that need imaginative resolution before even a relatively simple experiment can be reliably executed on a Space station. For example, scientists might wish to investigate whether adaptive or other changes that have occurred in the environment of Space are retained after return to Earth-normal conditions. Investigators seeking to carry out experiments in the low-gravity environment of Space using cultured cells will need to solve the problem of keeping cultures quiescent for protracted periods before an experiment is initiated, after periodic sampling is carried out, and after the experiment is completed. This review gives an evaluation of a range of strategies that can enable one to manipulate cell physiology and curtail growth dramatically toward this end. These strategies include cryopreservation, chilling, reduced oxygen, gel entrapment strategies, osmotic adjustment, nutrient starvation, pH manipulation, and the use of mitotic inhibitors and growth-retarding chemicals. Cells not only need to be rendered quiescent for protracted periods but they also must be recoverable and further grown if it is so desired. Elaboration of satisfactory procedures for management of cells and tissues at "near zero or minimal growth" will have great value and practical consequences for experimentation on Earth as well as in Space. All of the parameters and conditions and procedural details needed to meet all the specific objectives will be the basis of the design and fabrication of cell culture units for use in the Space environment. It is expected that this will be an evolutionary process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A D Krikorian
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, State University of New York at Stony Brook, NY 11794-5215, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Statistical design of the effect of inoculum conditions on growth of hairy root cultures of Catharanthus roseus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00156356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
18
|
Affiliation(s)
- P M Doran
- Department of Biotechnology, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Fliniaux MA, Manceau F, Jacquin-Dubreuil A. Simultaneous analysis of l-hyoscyamine, l-scopolamine and dl-tropic acid in plant material by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/0021-9673(93)80130-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
20
|
Design of reactors for plant cells and organs. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 1993. [DOI: 10.1007/bfb0007198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
|
21
|
Lounasmaa M, Tamminen T. Chapter 1 The Tropane Alkaloids. THE ALKALOIDS: CHEMISTRY AND PHARMACOLOGY 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/s0099-9598(08)60143-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
22
|
|
23
|
Abdulrahman S, Harrison ME, Welham KJ, Baldwin MA, Phillipson JD, Roberts MF. High-performance liquid chromatographic-mass spectrometric assay of high-value compounds for pharmaceutical use from plant cell tissue culture: Cinchona alkaloids. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY 1991; 562:713-21. [PMID: 2026733 DOI: 10.1016/0378-4347(91)80620-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The use of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) interfaced with thermospray (TSP) mass spectrometry is described for the separation and identification of various alkaloids from Cinchona ledgeriana extracts. The use of water-acetonitrile-acetic acid (71:25:4) with 0.01 M ammonium acetate (pH 3.0) as the mobile phase gave good HPLC separation and good TSP sensitivity. The specificity obtained by single-ion monitoring allowed the analysis of commercially important alkaloids such as quinine and quinidine in plant material, transformed roots and in cells from tissue culture, with relatively simple extraction and work-up procedures. TSP gave protonated species with few fragment ions but collision-induced dissociation offers the promise of increased analytically specificity from the fragment ion data. This work has important implications for the biotechnological production of pharmaceuticals normally obtained from plant sources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Abdulrahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Brunswick Square, London, U.K
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Verpoorte R, van der Heijden R, van Gulik WM, ten Hoopen HJ. Chapter 1 Plant Biotechnology for the Production of Alkaloids: Present Status and Prospects. THE ALKALOIDS: CHEMISTRY AND PHARMACOLOGY 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/s0099-9598(08)60268-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
|
25
|
Sharp JM, Doran PM. Characteristics of growth and tropane alkaloid synthesis in Atropa belladonna roots transformed by Agrobacterium rhizogenes. J Biotechnol 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/0168-1656(90)90034-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
26
|
|
27
|
|