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Xue M, Li R, Wang K, Liu W, Liu J, Li Z, Chen G, Zhang H, Tian H. Construction and validation of a predictive model of invasive adenocarcinoma in pure ground-glass nodules less than 2 cm in diameter. BMC Surg 2024; 24:56. [PMID: 38355554 PMCID: PMC10868041 DOI: 10.1186/s12893-024-02341-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In this study, we aimed to develop a multiparameter prediction model to improve the diagnostic accuracy of invasive adenocarcinoma in pulmonary pure glass nodules. METHOD We included patients with pulmonary pure glass nodules who underwent lung resection and had a clear pathology between January 2020 and January 2022 at the Qilu Hospital of Shandong University. We collected data on the clinical characteristics of the patients as well as their preoperative biomarker results and computed tomography features. Thereafter, we performed univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses to identify independent risk factors, which were then used to develop a prediction model and nomogram. We then evaluated the recognition ability of the model via receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and assessed its calibration ability using the Hosmer-Lemeshow test and calibration curves. Further, to assess the clinical utility of the nomogram, we performed decision curve analysis. RESULT We included 563 patients, comprising 174 and 389 cases of invasive and non-invasive adenocarcinoma, respectively, and identified seven independent risk factors, namely, maximum tumor diameter, age, serum amyloid level, pleural effusion sign, bronchial sign, tumor location, and lobulation. The area under the ROC curve was 0.839 (95% CI: 0.798-0.879) for the training cohort and 0.782 (95% CI: 0.706-0.858) for the validation cohort, indicating a relatively high predictive accuracy for the nomogram. Calibration curves for the prediction model also showed good calibration for both cohorts, and decision curve analysis showed that the clinical prediction model has clinical utility. CONCLUSION The novel nomogram thus constructed for identifying invasive adenocarcinoma in patients with isolated pulmonary pure glass nodules exhibited excellent discriminatory power, calibration capacity, and clinical utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengchao Xue
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Rongyang Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Wen Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Junjie Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zhenyi Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Guanqing Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Huiying Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hui Tian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.
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Kalinovskii AP, Sintsova OV, Gladkikh IN, Leychenko EV. Natural Inhibitors of Mammalian α-Amylases as Promising Drugs for the Treatment of Metabolic Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16514. [PMID: 38003703 PMCID: PMC10671682 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
α-Amylase is a generally acknowledged molecular target of a distinct class of antidiabetic drugs named α-glucosidase inhibitors. This class of medications is scarce and rather underutilized, and treatment with current commercial drugs is accompanied by unpleasant adverse effects. However, mammalian α-amylase inhibitors are abundant in nature and form an extensive pool of high-affinity ligands that are available for drug discovery. Individual compounds and natural extracts and preparations are promising therapeutic agents for conditions associated with impaired starch metabolism, e.g., diabetes mellitus, obesity, and other metabolic disorders. This review focuses on the structural diversity and action mechanisms of active natural products with inhibitory activity toward mammalian α-amylases, and emphasizes proteinaceous inhibitors as more effective compounds with significant potential for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandr P. Kalinovskii
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Oksana V. Sintsova
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690022, Russia; (O.V.S.); (I.N.G.)
| | - Irina N. Gladkikh
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690022, Russia; (O.V.S.); (I.N.G.)
| | - Elena V. Leychenko
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690022, Russia; (O.V.S.); (I.N.G.)
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Gao H, Chang RZ, Chen XP, Zhang WG, Zhang B, Luo X, Ding ZY. Case Report: Durable complete response of metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma with asymptomatic hyperamylasemia to combined immunotherapy of anti-cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 plus anti-programmed cell death-1 antibodies. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1274449. [PMID: 37869012 PMCID: PMC10587582 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1274449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Combined immunotherapy has shown promising results in the treatment of advanced HCC, whereas the priority population that would respond to the combined immunotherapy is still elusive. In addition, HCC with asymptomatic hyperamylasemia was not reported previously. Case presentation An aged patient was diagnosed as HCC with BCLC stage C (bone metastasis). Notably, this patient showed asymptomatic hyperamylasemia. The patient was then enrolled in a trial evaluating combined immunotherapy of anti-PD-1 antibody sintilimab (IBI308) plus anti-CTLA-4 antibody (IBI310) in advanced HCC. After being treated with combined immunotherapy, this patient rapidly achieved complete response (CR) according to mRECIST criteria or immune partial response (iPR) according to iRECIST criteria and maintain the CR state for more than 12 months. Interestingly, serum levels of amylase and lipase in this patient were reduced after treatment. Conclusion We reported, for the first time, a case of metastatic HCC with asymptomatic hyperamylasemia, and suggested that HCC patients with asymptomatic hyperamylasemia may benefit from combined immunotherapy of anti-CTLA-4 and PD-1 antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Gao
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center for Hepatic Surgery of Hubei Province, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Rui-zhi Chang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center for Hepatic Surgery of Hubei Province, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiao-ping Chen
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center for Hepatic Surgery of Hubei Province, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wan-guang Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center for Hepatic Surgery of Hubei Province, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Bixiang Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center for Hepatic Surgery of Hubei Province, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xin Luo
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center for Hepatic Surgery of Hubei Province, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ze-yang Ding
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center for Hepatic Surgery of Hubei Province, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Jakabčin P, Kello M, Záň J, Kolář J, Uličný J. Hetastarch induced volume changes of starving adenoma and suggested mechanism of action. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17988. [PMID: 36289259 PMCID: PMC9606266 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21693-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Submucosal injection is often required step during endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR). In clinical practice we have observed that the EMR injection solution containing hetastarch (HES) lead to selective increase of the neoplasms volume, facilitating their resection. The aim of this study was to explore the possible mechanisms of such behaviour, which was not reported elsewhere. The HCT116 cell line of human colon cancer was exposed to the same EMR solution in vitro. The significant volume increase of HCT116 cells was observed, but only for starving cell culture, suggesting that the starving is essential for the neoplasms-specific volume change. We suggest, that for the iso-oncotic composition of the EMR submucosa injection solution the HES component is crucial, as it can be subject of the starch hydrolysis followed by facilitated transport of resulting monosaccharides from the submucosa into the neoplastic tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Jakabčin
- grid.4491.80000 0004 1937 116XDepartment of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M. Kello
- grid.11175.330000 0004 0576 0391Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovakia
| | - J. Záň
- grid.454915.80000 0004 0413 3011Department of Gastroenterology, Central Military Hospital-Faculty Hospital, Ružomberok, Slovakia
| | - J. Kolář
- grid.4491.80000 0004 1937 116XDepartment of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jozef Uličný
- grid.11175.330000 0004 0576 0391Department of Biophysics, Institute of Physics, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Jesenná 5, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
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Hansen SEJ, Langsted A, Varbo A, Madsen CM, Tybjærg-Hansen A, Nordestgaard BG. Low and high pancreatic amylase is associated with pancreatic cancer and chronic pancreatitis. Eur J Epidemiol 2021; 36:975-984. [PMID: 34482515 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-021-00801-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Incidences of pancreatic cancer and acute and chronic pancreatitis are rising globally, and often no curative treatment is available at the time of diagnosis. We tested the hypothesis that low and high plasma concentrations of pancreatic amylase are associated with increased risk of pancreatic cancer, acute pancreatitis, and chronic pancreatitis in the general population. We included 101,765 individuals (55% women) aged 20-100 years from the Copenhagen General Population Study with baseline measurements of plasma pancreatic amylase. After recruitment in 2004-2015 during a median 9 years of follow-up (range 0-15), we collected information about diagnoses of pancreatic cancer, acute pancreatitis, and chronic pancreatitis from the national Danish Patient Registry, the national Danish Cancer Registry, and the national Danish Causes of Death Registry. The median age was 58 years (interquartile range: 48-67) and the median plasma pancreatic amylase 32 U/L (26-40). During follow-up, 442 individuals were diagnosed with pancreatic cancer, 282 with chronic pancreatitis, and 401 with acute pancreatitis. Compared to individuals with pancreatic amylase levels in the 41st-60th percentiles, those with extreme low (1st-2.5th percentiles) and extreme high (97.5th-100th percentiles) pancreatic amylase had hazard ratios of 2.4 (95% confidence interval; 1.6-3.6) and 2.2 (1.4-3.7) for pancreatic cancer, of 1.8 (1.1-3.3) and 3.2 (1.8-5.6) for chronic pancreatitis, and of 1.1 (0.6-1.8) and 1.5 (0.8-2.7) for acute pancreatitis, respectively. In apparently healthy individuals from the general population, extreme low and extreme high plasma pancreatic amylase were associated with 2-threefold higher risk of both pancreatic cancer and chronic pancreatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Signe E J Hansen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 1, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
- The Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 1, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Langsted
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 1, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
- The Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 1, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anette Varbo
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 1, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
- The Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 1, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian M Madsen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 1, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
- The Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 1, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Tybjærg-Hansen
- The Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 1, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Section for Molecular Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Børge G Nordestgaard
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 1, 2730, Herlev, Denmark.
- The Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 1, 2730, Herlev, Denmark.
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Pyataev NA, Petrov PS, Minaeva OV, Zharkov MN, Kulikov OA, Kokorev AV, Brodovskaya EP, Yurlov IA, Syusin IV, Zaborovskiy AV, Balykova LA. Amylase-Sensitive Polymeric Nanoparticles Based on Dextran Sulfate and Doxorubicin with Anticoagulant Activity. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11050921. [PMID: 31130638 PMCID: PMC6571953 DOI: 10.3390/polym11050921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This study looked into the synthesis and study of Dextrane Sulfate–Doxorubicin Nanoparticles (DS–Dox NP) that are sensitive to amylase and show anticoagulant properties. The particles were obtained by the method of solvent replacement. They had a size of 305 ± 58 nm, with a mass ratio of DS:Dox = 3.3:1. On heating to 37 °C, the release of Dox from the particles was equal to 24.2% of the drug contained. In the presence of amylase, this ratio had increased to 42.1%. The study of the biological activity of the particles included an assessment of the cytotoxicity and the effect on hemostasis and antitumor activity. In a study of cytotoxicity on the L929 cell culture, it was found that the synthesized particles had less toxicity, compared to free doxorubicin. However, in the presence of amylase, their cytotoxicity was higher than the traditional forms of the drug. In a study of the effect of DS–Dox NP on hemostasis, it was found that the particles had a heparin-like anticoagulant effect. Antitumor activity was studied on the model of ascitic Zaidel hepatoma in rats. The frequency of complete cure in animals treated with the DS–Dox nanoparticles was higher, compared to animals receiving the traditional form of the drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay A Pyataev
- National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University, 68 Bolshevistskaya Str., Saransk 430005, Republic of Mordovia, Russia.
| | - Pavel S Petrov
- National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University, 68 Bolshevistskaya Str., Saransk 430005, Republic of Mordovia, Russia.
| | - Olga V Minaeva
- National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University, 68 Bolshevistskaya Str., Saransk 430005, Republic of Mordovia, Russia.
| | - Mikhail N Zharkov
- National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University, 68 Bolshevistskaya Str., Saransk 430005, Republic of Mordovia, Russia.
| | - Oleg A Kulikov
- National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University, 68 Bolshevistskaya Str., Saransk 430005, Republic of Mordovia, Russia.
| | - Axeksandr V Kokorev
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (IATE MEPHI), 31 Kashirskoe shosse, Moscow 115409, Russia.
| | - Ekaterina P Brodovskaya
- National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University, 68 Bolshevistskaya Str., Saransk 430005, Republic of Mordovia, Russia.
| | - Ivan A Yurlov
- National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University, 68 Bolshevistskaya Str., Saransk 430005, Republic of Mordovia, Russia.
| | - Ilya V Syusin
- National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University, 68 Bolshevistskaya Str., Saransk 430005, Republic of Mordovia, Russia.
| | - Andrey V Zaborovskiy
- Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry named after A.I. Evdokimov, 20/1 Delegatskaya Str., Moscow 127473, Russia.
| | - Larisa A Balykova
- National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University, 68 Bolshevistskaya Str., Saransk 430005, Republic of Mordovia, Russia.
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Pancreatic duct-like cell line derived from pig embryonic stem cells: expression of uroplakin genes in pig pancreatic tissue. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2019; 55:285-301. [PMID: 30868438 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-019-00336-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The isolation of a cell line, PICM-31D, with phenotypic characteristics like pancreatic duct cells is described. The PICM-31D cell line was derived from the previously described pig embryonic stem cell-derived exocrine pancreatic cell line, PICM-31. The PICM-31D cell line was morphologically distinct from the parental cells in growing as a monolayer rather than self-assembling into multicellular acinar-like structures. The PICM-31D cells were propagated for over a year at split ratios of 1:3 to 1:10 at each passage without change in phenotype or growth rate. Electron microscopy showed the cells to be a polarized epithelium of cuboidal cells joined by tight junction-like adhesions at their apical/lateral aspect. The cells contained numerous mucus-like secretory vesicles under their apical cell membrane. Proteomic analysis of the PICM-31D's cellular proteins detected MUC1 and MUC4, consistent with mucus vesicle morphology. Gene expression analysis showed the cells expressed pancreatic ductal cell-related transcription factors such as GATA4, GATA6, HES1, HNF1A, HNF1B, ONECUT1 (HNF6), PDX1, and SOX9, but little or no pancreas progenitor cell markers such as PTF1A, NKX6-1, SOX2, or NGN3. Pancreas ductal cell-associated genes including CA2, CFTR, MUC1, MUC5B, MUC13, SHH, TFF1, KRT8, and KRT19 were expressed by the PICM-31D cells, but the exocrine pancreas marker genes, CPA1 and PLA2G1B, were not expressed by the cells. However, the exocrine marker, AMY2A, was still expressed by the cells. Surprisingly, uroplakin proteins were prominent in the PICM-31D cell proteome, particularly UPK1A. Annexin A1 and A2 proteins were also relatively abundant in the cells. The expression of the uroplakin and annexin genes was detected in the cells, although only UPK1B, UPK3B, ANXA2, and ANXA4 were detected in fetal pig pancreatic duct tissue. In conclusion, the PICM-31D cell line models the mucus-secreting ductal cells of the fetal pig pancreas.
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Abstract
RATIONALE Reports of malignant ovarian tumor with hyperamylasemia are very rare. We present a patient with hyperamylasemia who was diagnosed with a malignant ovarian tumor. PATIENT CONCERNS A 46-year-old woman was hospitalized complaining of a 2-day history of abdominal discomfort and fever. On physical examination, she showed abdominal distention and tenderness, with rebound pain. Laboratory evaluation showed significantly elevated serum amylase levels. Computed tomography (CT) revealed a solid mass with uneven density in the pelvis. DIAGNOSES Based on her clinical symptoms and hyperamylasemia, she was suspected to have acute pancreatitis at first. However, the final pathology showed advanced serous papillary ovarian carcinoma. INTERVENTIONS She underwent initial therapy for acute pancreatitis, followed by laparotomy once her symptoms had disappeared. A tumor mass with maximum diameter 12 cm was detected originating from the right ovary, and the patient underwent hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy with omentectomy, and appendectomy. On the 14th day after the surgery, she received 5 courses of chemotherapy with paclitaxel and carboplatin. However, distant metastasis before the 6th course of chemotherapy were detected by CT, she was therefore changed to a chemotherapy regimen containing gemcitabine and capecitabine. OUTCOMES The final pathology showed advanced serous papillary ovarian carcinoma. On the 14th day after the surgery, she received 5 courses of chemotherapy with paclitaxel and carboplatin. However, her serum CA125 levels rose again before the 6th course of chemotherapy, and CT of the abdomen and pelvis revealed multiple abnormal-density lesions in the peritoneum and pelvic cavity. We considered these to be metastases, and the patient was deemed unresponsive to her previous chemotherapy. She was therefore changed to a chemotherapy regimen containing gemcitabine and capecitabine, and remained on this regimen at the time of writing. LESSONS Ovarian carcinoma should be considered as a possibility in patients with hyperamylasemia after ruling out other potential common causes. The final diagnosis depends mainly on the clinical manifestation, laboratory results, and CT examination, though pathology is mandatory to confirm the diagnosis. The main treatment is surgical excision.
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Tsai LC, Su CW, Lee JCI, Lu YS, Chen HC, Lin YC, Linacre A, Hsieh HM. The detection and identification of saliva in forensic samples by RT-LAMP. Forensic Sci Med Pathol 2018; 14:469-477. [PMID: 30058014 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-018-0008-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
We report on a novel method for saliva identification by reverse transcription-loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP). In our previous report, real-time RT-LAMP was used for blood identification by using HBB detection as a model but in this advanced study, this method was refined for the identification of the more challenging body fluid of saliva. Expression of the18S rRNA gene was used as the internal control and the Statherin (STATH) gene as the saliva-specific marker. A turbidimeter was used for real-time detection of the RT-LAMP products, and confirmation was obtained that the real products were generated using: agarose gel electrophoresis, calcein fluorescence detection and/or enzymatic digestion. The specificity of the test was performed using 42 samples including 7 different body fluids, and the expression of STATH was only observed in all the saliva samples (6) with a threshold time of 39.4 ± 2.9 min. Sensitivity testing showed that RT-LAMP products for STATH were stably detected when the RNA template was not less than 6.25 ng. When the primer concentrations for STATH were two times that of 18S rRNA, saliva could be identified in the body fluid mixtures even at a ratio (saliva:semen) of 1:3 (without loop primer)/1:5 (with loop primer). A multiplex RT-LAMP was established to simultaneously amplify the 18S rRNA and STATH genes, and applied to the identification of saliva on ten non-probative cigarette butts. A positive result for saliva was obtained from all ten butts, even for those that returned a negative or ambiguous result using the amylase test. A direct RT-LAMP test is also reported where the RNA extraction step was omitted to speed the collection of data and all tests using either the simplex or multiplex RT-LAMP resulted in a positive response if saliva was present. Our data provide a simple and effective means to detect the presence of saliva.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Chin Tsai
- Department of Forensic Science, Central Police University, 56 Shu-Jen Road, Kwei-San, Taoyuan, 33304, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chih-Wen Su
- Forensic Biology Division, Criminal Investigation Bureau, National Police Administration, No.5 Lane 553, Sec. 4, Zhongxiao E. RD., Xinyi District, Taipei, 11072, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - James Chun-I Lee
- Department of Forensic Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 1 Jen-Ai Road Section 1, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yu-Sheng Lu
- Department of Forensic Science, Central Police University, 56 Shu-Jen Road, Kwei-San, Taoyuan, 33304, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Hsuan-Chen Chen
- Department of Forensic Science, Central Police University, 56 Shu-Jen Road, Kwei-San, Taoyuan, 33304, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yu-Chih Lin
- Taichung City Government Police Department, 588 Wenxin Road Section 2, Xitun District, Taichung, 40758, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Adrian Linacre
- College of Science & Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, 5001, Australia
| | - Hsing-Mei Hsieh
- Department of Forensic Science, Central Police University, 56 Shu-Jen Road, Kwei-San, Taoyuan, 33304, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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Profound Chemopreventative Effects of a Hydrogen Sulfide-Releasing NSAID in the APCMin/+ Mouse Model of Intestinal Tumorigenesis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0147289. [PMID: 26910063 PMCID: PMC4766010 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have been shown to reduce the incidence of gastrointestinal cancers, but the propensity of these drugs to cause ulcers and bleeding limits their use. H2S has been shown to be a powerful cytoprotective and anti-inflammatory substance in the digestive system. This study explored the possibility that a H2S-releasing nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (ATB-346) would be effective in a murine model of hereditary intestinal cancer (APCMin+ mouse) and investigated potential mechanisms of action via transcriptomics analysis. Daily treatment with ATB-346 was significantly more effective at preventing intestinal polyp formation than naproxen. Significant beneficial effects were seen with a treatment period of only 3–7 days, and reversal of existing polyps was observed in the colon. ATB-346, but not naproxen, significantly decreased expression of intestinal cancer-associated signaling molecules (cMyc, β-catenin). Transcriptomic analysis identified 20 genes that were up-regulated in APCMin+ mice, 18 of which were reduced to wild-type levels by one week of treatment with ATB-346. ATB-346 is a novel, gastrointestinal-sparing anti-inflammatory drug that potently and rapidly prevents and reverses the development of pre-cancerous lesions in a mouse model of hereditary intestinal tumorigenesis. These effects may be related to the combined effects of suppression of cyclooxygenase and release of H2S, and correction of most of the APCMin+-associated alterations in the transcriptome. ATB-346 may represent a promising agent for chemoprevention of tumorigenesis in the GI tract and elsewhere.
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Bell GD, Reddy S, Sun X, Yang Y, Krissansen GW. Distribution of insulin mRNA transcripts within the human body. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 451:425-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.07.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Amylase α-1A (AMY1A): a novel immunohistochemical marker to differentiate chromophobe renal cell carcinoma from benign oncocytoma. Am J Surg Pathol 2013; 37:1824-30. [PMID: 24225843 DOI: 10.1097/pas.0000000000000108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (ChRCC) and oncocytoma present with a perplexing overlap of morphologic and immunohistochemical features. ChRCC have deletions in the 1p21.1 region including the amylase α-1A gene (AMY1A). No such deletions are found in oncocytoma. Instead, oncocytomas shared other deletions on chromosome 1: 1p31.3, 1q25.2, and 1q44. We performed AMY1A immunostaining on 75 oncocytomas (57 tissue microarray [TMA] cores, 18 whole slides) and 54 ChRCCs (20 TMA cores, 34 whole slides). Staining was assessed using the H-score method. The intensity was graded as follows: no staining=0, weak=1, moderate=2, and strong=3. The AMY1A immunostain preferentially stained the distal tubules and collecting ducts of normal kidney. All oncocytomas (100%) expressed AMY1A with an H-score that varied from 100 to 300 (mean 205). Mild to moderate heterogeneity in staining intensity was noted within a given oncocytoma. For oncocytomas, 87% (65/75) cases had H-scores of at least 120 with a mean score of 221. Notably, the 13% (10/75) of oncocytoma cases that had an H-score of 100 were derived from the TMA. A total of 87% (47/54) of the ChRCC cases were negative for the AMY1A immunostain. Of the ChRCC cases, 4% (2/54) showed very weak cytoplasmic staining (H-score of 70 each), which was less than the lowest H-score of oncocytoma cases. All 5 cases of ChRCC, which showed an H-score of 100 or more, were referred to as eosinophilic variants of ChRCC. Three of these 5 cases showed a very nondescript, diffuse staining of the cytoplasm. Two of these 5 cases showed an H-score of 130. We think that as the staining pattern of these 2 cases is similar to that of oncocytoma, they should be put in a category of renal oncocytic neoplasms favoring oncocytoma. This result shows that AMY1A staining could be very helpful in further classifying even a subset of the eosinophilic variants of ChRCC. The difference between ChRCC and oncocytoma was statistically significant (χ test, P<0.0001). All cases of clear cell RCC and papillary RCC were negative for AMY1A expression. Overall, sensitivity and specificity of AMY1A staining for oncocytoma was 100% (95% confidence interval, 0.95-1.00) and 96.75% (95% confidence interval, 0.93-0.99), respectively. Similarly, the sensitivity and specificity for distinguishing oncocytoma from ChRCC was 100% (95% confidence interval, 0.95-1.00) and 90.74% (95% confidence interval, 0.80-0.97), respectively. These data show that the novel marker AMY1A can be of great diagnostic utility when trying to differentiate ChRCC (classic and eosinophilic variant) and oncocytoma.
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Unique expression patterns associated with preferential recruitment of immature myeloid cells into angiogenic versus dormant tumors. Genes Immun 2013; 14:90-8. [PMID: 23303247 DOI: 10.1038/gene.2012.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Cancer progression from microscopic dormant tumors into disseminated disease involves tumor angiogenesis, and is commonly referred to as the 'angiogenic switch'. CD11b(+)Gr1(+) immature myeloid cells (IMCs) were reported to promote angiogenesis and tumor progression. Here, we studied a model of tumor dormancy, in which Lewis Lung Carcinoma tumor cells were inoculated intra-abdominally into C57Bl/6J mice. Dormancy versus expansive growth was determined by the site of tumor implantation (lower vs upper abdomen). Global gene expression of IMCs was evaluated in different stages of recruitment, starting in the bone marrow, followed by the peripheral blood and finally in the vascular versus dormant tumors. We first demonstrated a ∼3 fold enrichment of IMCs within vascular tumors as compared with dormant tumors, correlating with tumor-infiltrating CD31(+) endothelial cells. Although their migration from the PB into dormant tumors led to differential expression of a relatively small number of genes, recruitment of IMCs into the upper tumors was associated with a profound transcriptional response. Importantly, a large set of proangiogenic genes were significantly upregulated in IMCs derived from vascular tumors compared with those derived from dormant tumors. We therefore, suggest that proangiogenic versus nonangiogenic transcriptional patterns is associated with the ability of IMCs to promote tumor angiogenesis.
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Kawakita T, Sasaki H, Hoshiba T, Asamoto A, Williamson E. Amylase-producing ovarian carcinoma: A case report and a retrospective study. GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY CASE REPORTS 2012; 2:112-4. [PMID: 24371638 DOI: 10.1016/j.gynor.2012.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2012] [Accepted: 06/09/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
► Amylase-producing ovarian carcinoma may mimic pancreatitis. ► Hyperamylasemia is common in ovarian carcinoma. ► Serum amylase may be a promising tumor marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Kawakita
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ishikawa Prefectural Central Hospital, 2-1, Kuratsuki-Higashi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8530, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Sasaki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ishikawa Prefectural Central Hospital, 2-1, Kuratsuki-Higashi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8530, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Hoshiba
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ishikawa Prefectural Central Hospital, 2-1, Kuratsuki-Higashi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8530, Japan
| | - Akihiro Asamoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ishikawa Prefectural Central Hospital, 2-1, Kuratsuki-Higashi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8530, Japan
| | - Evan Williamson
- Department of Pathology, U.S. Naval Hospital Okinawa, PSC 482, FPO AP 96362, Okinawa, Japan
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Pang BCM, Cheung BKK. Applicability of Two Commercially Available Kits for Forensic Identification of Saliva Stains. J Forensic Sci 2008; 53:1117-22. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1556-4029.2008.00814.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Marquez RT, Baggerly KA, Patterson AP, Liu J, Broaddus R, Frumovitz M, Atkinson EN, Smith DI, Hartmann L, Fishman D, Berchuck A, Whitaker R, Gershenson DM, Mills GB, Bast RC, Lu KH. Patterns of gene expression in different histotypes of epithelial ovarian cancer correlate with those in normal fallopian tube, endometrium, and colon. Clin Cancer Res 2005; 11:6116-26. [PMID: 16144910 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-04-2509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Epithelial ovarian cancers are thought to arise from flattened epithelial cells that cover the ovarian surface or that line inclusion cysts. During malignant transformation, different histotypes arise that resemble epithelial cells from normal fallopian tube, endometrium, and intestine. This study compares gene expression in serous, endometrioid, clear cell, and mucinous ovarian cancers with that in the normal tissues that they resemble. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Expression of 63,000 probe sets was measured in 50 ovarian cancers, in 5 pools of normal ovarian epithelial brushings, and in mucosal scrapings from 4 normal fallopian tube, 5 endometrium, and 4 colon specimens. Using rank-sum analysis, genes whose expressions best differentiated the ovarian cancer histotypes and normal ovarian epithelium were used to determine whether a correlation based on gene expression existed between ovarian cancer histotypes and the normal tissues they resemble. RESULTS When compared with normal ovarian epithelial brushings, alterations in serous tumors correlated with those in normal fallopian tube (P = 0.0042) but not in other normal tissues. Similarly, mucinous cancers correlated with those in normal colonic mucosa (P = 0.0003), and both endometrioid and clear cell histotypes correlated with changes in normal endometrium (P = 0.0172 and 0.0002, respectively). Mucinous cancers displayed the greatest number of alterations in gene expression when compared with normal ovarian epithelial cells. CONCLUSION Studies at a molecular level show distinct expression profiles of different histologies of ovarian cancer and support the long-held belief that histotypes of ovarian cancers come to resemble normal fallopian tube, endometrial, and colonic epithelium. Several potential molecular markers for mucinous ovarian cancers have been identified.
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MESH Headings
- Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell/genetics
- Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell/metabolism
- Adult
- Aged
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Endometrioid/genetics
- Carcinoma, Endometrioid/metabolism
- Colon/metabolism
- Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous/genetics
- Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous/metabolism
- Cystadenoma, Mucinous/genetics
- Cystadenoma, Mucinous/metabolism
- Endometrium/metabolism
- Fallopian Tubes/metabolism
- Female
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial/genetics
- Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial/metabolism
- Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
- Ovarian Neoplasms/genetics
- Ovarian Neoplasms/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca T Marquez
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
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Sakai M, Ishikawa S, Yamamoto T, Onizuka M, Sakakibara Y, Noguchi M. A Direct Measurement of Serum Amylase Levels Produced by Lung Cancer. Ann Thorac Surg 2005; 79:1409-11. [PMID: 15797096 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2003.10.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/16/2003] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The production of amylase by lung cancer has been previously diagnosed pathologically or immunohistochemically, or it has been confirmed by a decrease in serum levels after resection. It is possible to directly probe the continuous production of amylase by collecting samples from the inflow and outflow vessels of lung cancer. We herein describe an intraoperative measurement in which the amylase level in the pulmonary lobar vein was 3 times greater than that in the superior vena cava which was 6 times greater than the normal range. The venous level of amylase returned to a normal range after resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuaki Sakai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tsukuba Gakuen Hospital, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan.
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Galus M, Schiffman R, Olkowska D. Massive liver necrosis associated with hyperamylasemia. LIVER 1998; 18:205-7. [PMID: 9716232 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0676.1998.tb00151.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
In North America, massive liver necrosis is due mainly to viral infection or exposure to hepatotoxins. We report an unusual case of massive liver necrosis due to diffuse liver infiltration by small cell carcinoma of the lung. The unusual presentation included hyperamylasemia due to ectopic amylase production by the tumor. In this era of liver transplantation it is important to consider malignancy in the differential diagnosis of fulminant or acute liver failure prior to liver transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Galus
- Pennsylvania Hopital, Philadephia, USA
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