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Li X, Peng X, Zoulikha M, Boafo GF, Magar KT, Ju Y, He W. Multifunctional nanoparticle-mediated combining therapy for human diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:1. [PMID: 38161204 PMCID: PMC10758001 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01668-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Combining existing drug therapy is essential in developing new therapeutic agents in disease prevention and treatment. In preclinical investigations, combined effect of certain known drugs has been well established in treating extensive human diseases. Attributed to synergistic effects by targeting various disease pathways and advantages, such as reduced administration dose, decreased toxicity, and alleviated drug resistance, combinatorial treatment is now being pursued by delivering therapeutic agents to combat major clinical illnesses, such as cancer, atherosclerosis, pulmonary hypertension, myocarditis, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, metabolic disorders and neurodegenerative diseases. Combinatorial therapy involves combining or co-delivering two or more drugs for treating a specific disease. Nanoparticle (NP)-mediated drug delivery systems, i.e., liposomal NPs, polymeric NPs and nanocrystals, are of great interest in combinatorial therapy for a wide range of disorders due to targeted drug delivery, extended drug release, and higher drug stability to avoid rapid clearance at infected areas. This review summarizes various targets of diseases, preclinical or clinically approved drug combinations and the development of multifunctional NPs for combining therapy and emphasizes combinatorial therapeutic strategies based on drug delivery for treating severe clinical diseases. Ultimately, we discuss the challenging of developing NP-codelivery and translation and provide potential approaches to address the limitations. This review offers a comprehensive overview for recent cutting-edge and challenging in developing NP-mediated combination therapy for human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Li
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 2111198, PR China
| | - Xiuju Peng
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 2111198, PR China
| | - Makhloufi Zoulikha
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 2111198, PR China
| | - George Frimpong Boafo
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, PR China
| | - Kosheli Thapa Magar
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 2111198, PR China
| | - Yanmin Ju
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 2111198, PR China.
| | - Wei He
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200443, China.
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Khairy A, Ghareeb DA, Celik I, Hammoda HM, Zaatout HH, Ibrahim RS. Forecasting of potential anti-inflammatory targets of some immunomodulatory plants and their constituents using in vitro, molecular docking and network pharmacology-based analysis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9539. [PMID: 37308513 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36540-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Most synthetic immunomodulatory medications are extremely expensive, have many disadvantages and suffer from a lot of side effects. So that, introducing immunomodulatory reagents from natural sources will have great impact on drug discovery. Therefore, this study aimed to comprehend the mechanism of the immunomodulatory activity of some natural plants via network pharmacology together with molecular docking and in vitro testing. Apigenin, luteolin, diallyl trisulfide, silibinin and allicin had the highest percentage of C-T interactions while, AKT1, CASP3, PTGS2, NOS3, TP53 and MMP9 were found to be the most enriched genes. Moreover, the most enriched pathways were pathways in cancer, fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis, relaxin signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway and FoxO signaling pathway. Additionally, Curcuma longa, Allium sativum, Oleu europea, Salvia officinalis, Glycyrrhiza glabra and Silybum marianum had the highest number of P-C-T-P interactions. Furthermore, molecular docking analysis of the top hit compounds against the most enriched genes revealed that silibinin had the most stabilized interactions with AKT1, CASP3 and TP53, whereas luteolin and apigenin exhibited the most stabilized interactions with AKT1, PTGS2 and TP53. In vitro anti-inflammatory and cytotoxicity testing of the highest scoring plants exhibited equivalent outcomes to those of piroxicam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa Khairy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21521, Egypt
| | - Doaa A Ghareeb
- Bio-Screening and Preclinical Trial Lab, Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ismail Celik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, 38039, Turkey
| | - Hala M Hammoda
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21521, Egypt
| | - Hala H Zaatout
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21521, Egypt
| | - Reham S Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21521, Egypt.
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Mandal D, Sarkar T, Chakraborty R. Critical Review on Nutritional, Bioactive, and Medicinal Potential of Spices and Herbs and Their Application in Food Fortification and Nanotechnology. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 195:1319-1513. [PMID: 36219334 PMCID: PMC9551254 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-04132-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Medicinal or herbal spices are grown in tropical moist evergreen forestland, surrounding most of the tropical and subtropical regions of Eastern Himalayas in India (Sikkim, Darjeeling regions), Bhutan, Nepal, Pakistan, Iran, Afghanistan, a few Central Asian countries, Middle East, USA, Europe, South East Asia, Japan, Malaysia, and Indonesia. According to the cultivation region surrounded, economic value, and vogue, these spices can be classified into major, minor, and colored tropical spices. In total, 24 tropical spices and herbs (cardamom, black jeera, fennel, poppy, coriander, fenugreek, bay leaves, clove, chili, cassia bark, black pepper, nutmeg, black mustard, turmeric, saffron, star anise, onion, dill, asafoetida, celery, allspice, kokum, greater galangal, and sweet flag) are described in this review. These spices show many pharmacological activities like anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, central nervous system, and antioxidant activities. Numerous bioactive compounds are present in these selected spices, such as 1,8-cineole, monoterpene hydrocarbons, γ-terpinene, cuminaldehyde, trans-anethole, fenchone, estragole, benzylisoquinoline alkaloids, eugenol, cinnamaldehyde, piperine, linalool, malabaricone C, safrole, myristicin, elemicin, sinigrin, curcumin, bidemethoxycurcumin, dimethoxycurcumin, crocin, picrocrocin, quercetin, quercetin 4'-O-β-glucoside, apiol, carvone, limonene, α-phellandrene, galactomannan, rosmarinic acid, limonene, capsaicinoids, eugenol, garcinol, and α-asarone. Other than that, various spices are used to synthesize different types of metal-based and polymer-based nanoparticles like zinc oxide, gold, silver, selenium, silica, and chitosan nanoparticles which provide beneficial health effects such as antioxidant, anti-carcinogenic, anti-diabetic, enzyme retardation effect, and antimicrobial activity. The nanoparticles can also be used in environmental pollution management like dye decolorization and in chemical industries to enhance the rate of reaction by the use of catalytic activity of the nanoparticles. The nutritional value, phytochemical properties, health advantages, and both traditional and modern applications of these spices, along with their functions in food fortification, have been thoroughly discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debopriya Mandal
- Department of Food Technology and Biochemical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Tanmay Sarkar
- Department of Food Processing Technology, Malda Polytechnic, West Bengal State Council of Technical Education, Govt. of West Bengal, Malda, 732102, India.
| | - Runu Chakraborty
- Department of Food Technology and Biochemical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India.
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R TK, Bhat MDA, Zaman R, Najar FA. Efficacy of herbal anti-microbial soap in Tinea corporis: A randomized controlled study. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 287:114934. [PMID: 34968662 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Curcuma longa L., Azadirachta indica A Juss. Cassia tora L. has been used in Unani medicine for various skin ailments. Several researches have been conducted on these plants which have shown anti-microbial, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, antiviral, anti-oxidant, wound healing, anti-inflammatory, and immune modulation activities. Skin diseases and the use of these drugs are mentioned in classical Unani literature like The Canon of medicine, Continens Liber, Hippocratic treatments, The Complete Book of the Medical Art etc. AIM: The aim of the study was to formulate anti-microbial soap and to evaluate its clinical efficacy of in the management of Tinea corporis. MATERIALS AND METHODS The anti-microbial soap was prepared by hydroalcholic extracts of Curcuma longa L., Azadirachta indica A Juss. and Cassia tora L. The prepared soap was evaluated for various physicochemical parameters, microbiological evaluation, stability study, skin irritation, In-vitro anti-microbial activity, GCMS analysis, and a clinical trial was carried out to evaluate its efficacy. A Single Blind Randomized Placebo Controlled trail on 30 patients aged between 18 and 60 years of either gender was carried out. The participants were randomly allocated to receive either anti-microbial soap or Placebo soap for 4 weeks. Subjective parameters including erythema, pruritis and desquamation were assessed weekly while as objective parameter including Photograph of lesion, Total Symptom Score (TSS) and KOH mount was assessed at baseline and at the end of the trial. RESULTS The improvement in subjective parameters was found significant in test group. Erythema, scaling, and desquamation was completely relieved by 70%, 80% and 25% patients respectively in test group while as none of the patients got complete relief in control group. There was statistically significant reduction in average TSS 8.65 ± 0.6708 to 3.05 ± 1.35 p < 0.001. KOH mount turned negative in 80% patients in test group while as only 20% turned negative in control group. CONCLUSION It is concluded that Unani drugs can be utilized in better way by modifying into a convenient dosage form. Anti-microbial soap was formulated by adding minimal additives to achieve effectiveness, with cost effective benefits and less or no side effects. Anti-microbial soap was effective in management of management of Tinea corporis. Moreover further studies on large sample size are required to fine-tune these observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tabassiya Kowser R
- Department of Ilmul Saidla (Pharmacy), National Institute of Unani Medicine, Bengaluru, India
| | - Muzafar Din Ahmad Bhat
- Department of Moalajat (Medicine), National Institute of Unani Medicine, Bengaluru, India.
| | - Roohi Zaman
- Department of Ilmul Saidla (Pharmacy), National Institute of Unani Medicine, Bengaluru, India
| | - Firdous Ahmad Najar
- Department of Jarahiyat (Surgery), National Institute of Unani Medicine, Bengaluru, India
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Ghosh S, Nandi S, Basu T. Nano-Antibacterials Using Medicinal Plant Components: An Overview. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:768739. [PMID: 35273578 PMCID: PMC8902597 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.768739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gradual emergence of new bacterial strains, resistant to one or more antibiotics, necessitates development of new antibacterials to prevent us from newly evolved disease-causing, drug-resistant, pathogenic bacteria. Different inorganic and organic compounds have been synthesized as antibacterials, but with the problem of toxicity. Other alternatives of using green products, i.e., the medicinal plant extracts with biocompatible and potent antibacterial characteristics, also had limitation because of their low aqueous solubility and therefore less bioavailability. Use of nanotechnological strategy appears to be a savior, where phytochemicals are nanonized through encapsulation or entrapment within inorganic or organic hydrophilic capping agents. Nanonization of such products not only makes them water soluble but also helps to attain high surface to volume ratio and therefore high reaction area of the nanonized products with better therapeutic potential, over that of the equivalent amount of raw bulk products. Medicinal plant extracts, whose prime components are flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, polyphenolic compounds, and essential oils, are in one hand nanonized (capped and stabilized) by polymers, lipids, or clay materials for developing nanodrugs; on the other hand, high antioxidant activity of those plant extracts is also used to reduce various metal salts to produce metallic nanoparticles. In this review, five medicinal plants, viz., tulsi (Ocimum sanctum), turmeric (Curcuma longa), aloe vera (Aloe vera), oregano (Oregano vulgare), and eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus), with promising antibacterial potential and the nanoformulations associated with the plants' crude extracts and their respective major components (eugenol, curcumin, anthraquinone, carvacrol, eucalyptus oil) have been discussed with respect to their antibacterial potency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tarakdas Basu
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, India
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Giri RK, Chaki S, Khimani AJ, Vaidya YH, Thakor P, Thakkar AB, Pandya SJ, Deshpande MP. Biocompatible CuInS 2 Nanoparticles as Potential Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, and Cytotoxic Agents. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:26533-26544. [PMID: 34661008 PMCID: PMC8515567 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c03795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A simple hydrothermal route is employed to synthesize pure copper indium disulfide (CIS) and CIS nanoparticles (NPs) mediated by various natural plant extracts. The plant extracts used to mediate are Azadirachta indica (neem), Ocimum sanctum (basil), Cocos nucifera (coconut), Aloe vera (aloe), and Curcuma longa (turmeric). The tetragonal unit cell structure of as-synthesized NPs is confirmed by X-ray diffraction. The analysis by energy-dispersive X-rays shows that all the samples are near-stoichiometric. The morphologies of the NPs are confirmed by high-resolution scanning and transmission modes of electron microscopy. The thermal stability of the synthesized NPs is determined by thermogravimetric analysis. The optical energy band gap is determined from the absorption spectra using Tauc's equation. The antimicrobial activity analysis and the estimation of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of the samples are performed for Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus vulgaris, Enterobacter aerogenes, and Staphylococcus aureus pathogens. It shows that the aloe-mediated CIS NPs possess a broad inhibitory spectrum. The best inhibitory effect is observed against S. aureus, whereas the least effect was exhibited against P. vulgaris. The least MIC value is found for aloe-mediated CIS NPs (0.300 mg/mL) against S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, and E. aerogenes, along with basil-mediated NPs against E. coli. The antioxidant activity study showed that the IC50 value to inhibit the scavenging activity is maximum for the control (vitamin C) and minimum for pure CIS NPs. The in vivo cytotoxicity study using brine shrimp eggs shows that the pure CIS NPs are more lethal to brine shrimp than the natural extract-mediated CIS NPs. The in vitro cytotoxicity study using the human lung carcinoma cell line (A549) shows that the IC50 value of turmeric extract-mediated CIS NPs is minimum (15.62 ± 1.58 μg/mL). This observation reveals that turmeric extract-mediated CIS NPs are the most potent in terms of cytotoxicity toward the A549 cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjan Kr. Giri
- P.
G. Department of Physics, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, 388120 Gujarat, India
| | - Sunil Chaki
- P.
G. Department of Physics, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, 388120 Gujarat, India
- Department
of Applied & Interdisciplinary Sciences, CISST, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh
Vidyanagar, 388120 Gujarat, India
| | - Ankurkumar J. Khimani
- Department
of Physics, Shri A. N. Patel P. G. Institute
of Science and Research, Anand, 388001 Gujarat, India
| | - Yati H. Vaidya
- Department
of Microbiology, Shri A. N. Patel P. G.
Institute of Science and Research, Anand, 388001 Gujarat, India
| | - Parth Thakor
- P.
G. Department of Biosciences, Sardar Patel
University, Satellite
Campus, Bakrol-Vadtal Road, Bakrol, 388315 Gujarat, India
| | - Anjali B. Thakkar
- Department
of Applied & Interdisciplinary Sciences, CISST, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh
Vidyanagar, 388120 Gujarat, India
- P.
G. Department of Biosciences, Sardar Patel
University, Satellite
Campus, Bakrol-Vadtal Road, Bakrol, 388315 Gujarat, India
| | - Swati J. Pandya
- P.
G. Department of Physics, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, 388120 Gujarat, India
| | - Milind P. Deshpande
- P.
G. Department of Physics, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, 388120 Gujarat, India
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Sahiti PS, Kamatham R. Comparative evaluation of a modified endodontic approach using Curcuma longa L. and conventional pulpectomy in primary molars: A randomized clinical trial. Ayu 2021; 42:130-137. [PMID: 37303856 PMCID: PMC10251285 DOI: 10.4103/ayu.ayu_12_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Turmeric (Curcuma longa) is known for its anti-inflammatory and anti-septic properties. Aim The aim is to compare a modified endodontic approach using turmeric and conventional Metapex® pulpectomy in primary molars. Materials and methods Thirty children, in the age range of 4-9 years, with at least one primary mandibular molar indicated for pulpectomy, were included. Teeth were randomly assigned to turmeric and Metapex® groups. For those that were assigned to turmeric, after coronal and radicular pulp extirpation, a freshly prepared paste of turmeric powder and methyl cellulose (2:1) with saline was packed in the coronal pulp chamber. In the Metapex® group, a conventional pulpectomy was performed. Clinical and radiographic success was recorded at 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-up visits. The data was statistically analyzed using the Chi-square test. Results There were no clinical and radiographic failures at 3- and 6-month visits in both groups. The 12-month evaluation revealed clinical success rates of 92% (12 out of 13) and 100% (14 out of 14) for turmeric and Metapex®, respectively, whereas, the radiographic success rates were 85% (12 out of 13) for turmeric and 93% (13 out of 14) for Metapex®. No statistically significant differences were found between the groups at different follow-ups (P > 0.05). Conclusions A modified endodontic approach using turmeric and conventional Metapex® pulpectomy did not differ significantly in total success after 12 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Putta Sai Sahiti
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Narayana Dental College and Hospital, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Rekhalakshmi Kamatham
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Narayana Dental College and Hospital, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Crosstalk of Multi-Omics Platforms with Plants of Therapeutic Importance. Cells 2021; 10:cells10061296. [PMID: 34071113 PMCID: PMC8224614 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
From time immemorial, humans have exploited plants as a source of food and medicines. The World Health Organization (WHO) has recorded 21,000 plants with medicinal value out of 300,000 species available worldwide. The promising modern "multi-omics" platforms and tools have been proven as functional platforms able to endow us with comprehensive knowledge of the proteome, genome, transcriptome, and metabolome of medicinal plant systems so as to reveal the novel connected genetic (gene) pathways, proteins, regulator sequences and secondary metabolite (molecule) biosynthetic pathways of various drug and protein molecules from a variety of plants with therapeutic significance. This review paper endeavors to abridge the contemporary advancements in research areas of multi-omics and the information involved in decoding its prospective relevance to the utilization of plants with medicinal value in the present global scenario. The crosstalk of medicinal plants with genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics approaches will be discussed.
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Ibáñez MD, Blázquez MA. Curcuma longa L. Rhizome Essential Oil from Extraction to Its Agri-Food Applications. A Review. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E44. [PMID: 33379197 PMCID: PMC7823572 DOI: 10.3390/plants10010044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Curcuma longa L. rhizome essential oil is a valuable product in pharmaceutical industry due to its wide beneficial health effects. Novel applications in the agri-food industry where more sustainable extraction processes are required currently and safer substances are claimed for the consumer are being investigated. This review provides information regarding the conventional and recent extraction methods of C. longa rhizome oil, their characteristics and suitability to be applied at the industrial scale. In addition, variations in the chemical composition of C. longa rhizome and leaf essential oils regarding intrinsic and extrinsic factors and extraction methods are also analysed in order to select the most proper to obtain the most efficient activity. Finally, the potential applications of C. longa rhizome oil in the agri-food industry, such as antimicrobial, weedicide and a food preservative agent, are included. Regarding the data, C. longa rhizome essential oil may play a special role in the agri-food industry; however, further research to determine the application threshold so as not to damage crops or affect the organoleptic properties of food products, as well as efficient encapsulation techniques, are necessary for its implementation in global agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - María Amparo Blázquez
- Departament de Farmacologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de València, Avd. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, València, Spain;
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Hernández M, Wicz S, Pérez Caballero E, Santamaría MH, Corral RS. Dual chemotherapy with benznidazole at suboptimal dose plus curcumin nanoparticles mitigates Trypanosoma cruzi-elicited chronic cardiomyopathy. Parasitol Int 2020; 81:102248. [PMID: 33238215 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2020.102248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Curcumin (Cur) is a natural polyphenolic flavonoid isolated from the rhizomes of Curcuma longa. Its anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective properties are increasingly considered to have beneficial effects on the progression of cardiomyopathy associated with Chagas disease, caused by Trypanosoma cruzi. However, the Cur therapeutic limitation is its bioavailability and new Cur nanomedicine formulations are developed to overcome this obstacle. In this research, we provide evidence showing that oral therapy with a suboptimal dose of the standard parasiticidal drug benznidazole (BZ) in combination with Cur-loaded nanoparticles is capable of reducing myocardial parasite load, cardiac hypertrophy, inflammation and fibrosis in mice with long-term infection by T. cruzi. Treatment with BZ plus Cur was highly effective in downregulating myocardial expression of proinflammatory cytokines/chemokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, CCL5), and the level/activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2, MMP-9) and inducible enzymes (cyclooxygenase, nitric oxide synthase) implicated in leukocyte recruitment and cardiac remodeling. Oral administration of a Cur-based nanoformulation displays potential as a complementary strategy to the conventional BZ chemotherapy in the treatment of chronic Chagas heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matías Hernández
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Susana Wicz
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina
| | | | - Miguel H Santamaría
- Laboratorio de Biología Experimental, Centro de Estudios Metabólicos, Santander, Spain
| | - Ricardo S Corral
- Servicio de Parasitología-Chagas, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones en Patologías Pediátricas (IMIPP, GCBA-CONICET), Hospital de Niños "Dr. Ricardo Gutiérrez", Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Kaur R, Sharma P, Gupta GK, Ntie-Kang F, Kumar D. Structure-Activity-Relationship and Mechanistic Insights for Anti-HIV Natural Products. Molecules 2020; 25:E2070. [PMID: 32365518 PMCID: PMC7249135 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25092070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), which chiefly originatesfroma retrovirus named Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), has impacted about 70 million people worldwide. Even though several advances have been made in the field of antiretroviral combination therapy, HIV is still responsible for a considerable number of deaths in Africa. The current antiretroviral therapies have achieved success in providing instant HIV suppression but with countless undesirable adverse effects. Presently, the biodiversity of the plant kingdom is being explored by several researchers for the discovery of potent anti-HIV drugs with different mechanisms of action. The primary challenge is to afford a treatment that is free from any sort of risk of drug resistance and serious side effects. Hence, there is a strong demand to evaluate drugs derived from plants as well as their derivatives. Several plants, such as Andrographis paniculata, Dioscorea bulbifera, Aegle marmelos, Wistaria floribunda, Lindera chunii, Xanthoceras sorbifolia and others have displayed significant anti-HIV activity. Here, weattempt to summarize the main results, which focus on the structures of most potent plant-based natural products having anti-HIV activity along with their mechanisms of action and IC50 values, structure-activity-relationships and important key findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramandeep Kaur
- Sri Sai College of Pharmacy, Manawala, Amritsar 143001, India; (R.K.); (P.S.)
| | - Pooja Sharma
- Sri Sai College of Pharmacy, Manawala, Amritsar 143001, India; (R.K.); (P.S.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala 147002, India
| | - Girish K. Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Sri Sai College of Pharmacy, Badhani, Pathankot 145001, India;
| | - Fidele Ntie-Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63 Buea, Cameroon
- Institute for Pharmacy, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
- Institut für Botanik, Technische Universität Dresden, Zellescher Weg 20b, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Sri Sai College of Pharmacy, Manawala, Amritsar 143001, India; (R.K.); (P.S.)
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Mandil R, Prakash A, Rahal A, Singh SP, Sharma D, Kumar R, Garg SK. In vitro and in vivo effects of flubendiamide and copper on cyto-genotoxicity, oxidative stress and spleen histology of rats and its modulation by resveratrol, catechin, curcumin and α-tocopherol. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2020; 21:29. [PMID: 32326976 PMCID: PMC7179012 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-020-00405-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Living organisms are frequently exposed to more than one xenobiotic at a time either by ingestion of contaminated food/fodder or due to house-hold practices, occupational hazards or through environment. These xenobiotics interact individually or in combination with biological systems and act as carcinogen or produce other toxic effects including reproductive and degenerative diseases. Present study was aimed to investigate the cyto-genotoxic effects of flubendiamide and copper and ameliorative potential of certain natural phyotconstituent antioxidants. METHOD In vitro cytogenotoxic effects were evaluated by employing battery of assays including Propidium iodide staining, Tunel assay, Micronuclei, DNA fragmentation and Comet assay on isolated splenocytes and their prevention by resveratrol (5 and 10 μM), catechin (10 and 20 μM), curcumin (5 and 10 μM) and α-tocopherol (5, 10 and 20 μM). In vivo study was also undertaken daily oral administration of flubendiamide (200 mg/kg) or copper (33 mg/kg) and both these in combination, and also all these concurrently with of α-tocopherol to Wistar rats for 90 days. RESULTS Flubendiamide and copper produced concentration-dependent cytotoxic effects on splenocytes and at median lethal concentrations, flubendiamide (40 μM) and copper (40 μM) respectively produced 71 and 81% nonviable cells, higher number of Tunel+ve apoptotic cells, 7.86 and 9.16% micronucleus and 22.90 and 29.59 comets/100 cells and DNA fragmentation. In vivo study revealed significant (P < 0.05) increase in level of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and decrease in glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities in groups exposed to flubendiamide or copper alone or both these in combination. Histopathological examination of rat spleens revealed depletion of lymphoid tissue, separation of splenocytes and rarification in splenic parenchyma of xenobiotic(s) treated groups. CONCLUSION Flubendiamide and copper induce oxidative stress and produce cytogenotoxic effects along with histoarchitectural changes in spleen. All four tested natural antioxidants (resveratrol, catechin, curcumin and α-tocopherol) reduced flubendiamide and copper-induced cytotoxic effects in rat splenocytes. Rat splenocytes are very sensitive to flubendiamide and copper-induced cytogenotoxicity, therefore, these can be effectively employed for screening of compounds for their cytogenotoxic potential. α-tocopherol was effective in restoring alterations in oxidative stress biomarkers and preventing histoarchitectural lesions in spleen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Mandil
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Tecahnology, 250110, Meerut, India
| | - Atul Prakash
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, U.P. Pt. Deen Dayal Upadhyay Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go- Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), -281001, Mathura, India
| | - Anu Rahal
- Division of Goat Health, Central Institute for Research on Goat (CIRG), Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh 281122 India
| | - S. P. Singh
- Department of Animal Genetics & Breeding, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, U.P. Pt. Deen Dayal Upadhyay Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), 281001, Mathura, India
| | - Deepak Sharma
- Department of Animal Genetics & Breeding, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, U.P. Pt. Deen Dayal Upadhyay Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), 281001, Mathura, India
| | - Rahul Kumar
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, U.P. Pt. Deen Dayal Upadhyay Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), 281001, Mathura, India
| | - Satish Kumar Garg
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, U.P. Pt. Deen Dayal Upadhyay Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go- Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), -281001, Mathura, India
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Miraj SS, Parveen N, Chaudhari SA. In the Back Drop of Overuse of Synthetic Drugs, can Botanicals be One of the Answers: A Pilot Study on the Medicinal Use of Chlorophytum and Curcuma by Tribals of Central India. CURRENT TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/2215083805666190612143120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
In several recent surveys, it has been found that more people suffer
because of over and indiscriminate use of synthetic drugs, chemicals and antibiotics, particularly
with regard to issues like drug sensitivity, resistance, immune disturbances, and economic
burdens, ultimately leading to a weak prognosis of a large number of diseases, eventually
defeating the purpose of medicinal efficacy. We propose the old age use of scientifically
validated natural compounds of plants and their products for a strong immune system
along with a successful treatment regimen which can be effective as well as safe without side
effects.
Objective:
The aim of the present work is to evaluate the various medicinal uses and applicability
of Chlorophytum borivilianum, Chlorophytum tuberosum and Curcuma longa as
natural plant-based ingredients by tribal communities.
Methods:
A survey was carried on the rural folks who used natural botanicals for alleviating
their several common disorders successfully. Chlorophytum species of Liliaceae and Curcuma
of Zingiberaceae are traditional rare Indian medicinal herbs widely used in the indigenous
system of medicine since ancient time. A total number of 196 individuals were interviewed
which included both men and women, in which the main objective was to explore the
different forms of these medicinal plant species used with water or with milk by tribal folk
for their wide range of common ailments such as pain in joints, loss of appetite, cold, sore
throat, fever and general weakness.
Results:
The tribal people were found to use these plants for many of their problems such as
physical weakness, natal and postnatal problems, lactation problems, cold and fever, sore
throat, inflammation, joint pain, etc. Many of them (60-80%) were able to overcome their
varied health problems to a great extent such as inflammation (69.4%), joint pain and arthritis
(66.6%), sore throat and cold (87.5%), physical weakness (66%), natal and postnatal
problems (75%).
Conclusion:
The findings strongly support the use of natural compounds for a safe and effective
means of treating loss of appetite, general weakness, pain of the joints, inflammation
and other related ailments by the people of tribal areas of Border States of MP and Maharashtra,
having little access to modern health care facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaima S.A. Miraj
- Department of Public Health, Saudi Electronic University Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naima Parveen
- Department of Biotechnology, Saifia College of Science, Bhopal-462001, India
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El‐Dawy EGAE, Yassein AS, El‐Said AH. Detection of mycobiota, aflatoxigenic and ochratoxigenic genes, and cytotoxic ability in spices. Food Sci Nutr 2019; 7:2595-2604. [PMID: 31428347 PMCID: PMC6694414 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Spices are portions of plants because their properties are used as colorants, preservatives, or medicine. The employments of spices have been known since long time, and the interest in the capability of spices is astounding because of the chemical compounds contained in spices. The molds grow on a variety of different crops and foodstuffs including spices often under warm and humid conditions. The mycobiota of five spice species were surveyed. Forty-six fungal species were obtained. Aspergillus flavus and A. niger were the prevalent species recorded. The aflatoxins (AFs) and ochratoxins (OTs) were detected in some samples and isolates. Cumin had the highest concentration of AFs 8.2 ppb, while ginger had a considerable occurrence of OTs 6.7 ppb. A. flavus obtained from ginger recorded the maximum concentration of AFs 7.5 ppb, and A. niger from turmeric was the highest producer for OTs 3.6 ppb. omt-A and Aopks genes were detected in all tested A. flavus isolates and two out of four A. niger isolates. One of the important properties of spices is cancer etiology and prevention. Ginger and sage were the highest cytotoxic against four human tumor cell lines.
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Saidi M, Aouacheri O, Saka S. Protective Effect of Curcuma Against Chromium Hepatotoxicity in Rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.3166/phyto-2019-0114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
This study was carried out to investigate the antioxidant effects of curcuma against chromium-induced alterations in hepatic indices and dysfunctions in the antioxidant system. Forty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups and were treated for 30 consecutive days. The control group (0-0) received per os mineral water and normal diet. The second group (0-Cur) received mineral water and an experimental diet containing 2% of curcuma powder, whereas the third group (Cr-0) was orally fed (per os) with 15 mg/kg body weight/day of potassium dichromate and normal diet. The last group (Cr-Cur) received per os 15 mg/kg of potassium dichromate and a diet with 2% of curcuma. The treatment by chromium was found to elicit a perturbation in biochemical parameters producing a significant increase in glycemia, triglycerides, cholesterol, ALP, ALT, AST, and LDH levels. On the contrary, a significant reduction was observed in the oxidative stress-related parameters (GSH, GPx, CAT, and GST). Moreover, we noticed that liver sections of rats intoxicated with chromium showed a disrupted architecture. However, the administration of curcuma revealed an intense reduction in the oxidative stress induced by chromium, ameliorating the levels of the majority of the previous parameters. The data of this study revealed the potent antioxidant effects of curcuma in reducing oxidative stress damage induced by the hexavalent chromium.
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Sharma P, Aslam Khan I, Singh R. Curcumin and Quercetin Ameliorated Cypermethrin and Deltamethrin-Induced Reproductive System Impairment in Male Wistar Rats by Upregulating The Activity of Pituitary-Gonadal Hormones and Steroidogenic Enzymes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FERTILITY & STERILITY 2018; 12:72-80. [PMID: 29334211 PMCID: PMC5767937 DOI: 10.22074/ijfs.2018.5160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Dietary antioxidants protect tissues and organs against insecticides/xenobiotic-induced damage.
In the present study, we evaluated the results of exposure to synthetic pyrethroid insecticides, cypermethrin
(Cyp) and deltamethrin (Del) and possible protective effects of curcumin and quercetin on reproductive system
in male Wistar rats. Materials and Methods In this controlled experimental study, 42 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 7
groups of 6 animals. Group A served as control, group B was exposed to Cyp (2 mg/kg.bw), group C was exposed
to Del (2 mg/kg.bw), group D was exposed to Cyp+Del (2 mg/kg.bw each), group E was exposed to Cyp+Del and
treated with curcumin (100 mg/kg.bw), group F was exposed to Cyp+Del and treated with quercetin (100 mg/kg.bw)
and group G was exposed to Cyp+Del and treated with quercetin+curcumin for 45 days. Results Exposure to Cyp and Del caused decreases in reproductive organs weight, sperm count, sperm motility,
level of sex hormones viz. testosterone (T), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH),
steroidogenic enzymes viz. 3β-hydroxyl steroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD) and 17β-HSD, non-enzymatic antioxi-
dant glutathione (GSH) and enzymatic antioxidants viz. superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione
peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and glutathione reductase (GR) activity and increases in sperm
abnormalities and lipid peroxidation (LPO). The exposure also adversely affected the histo-achitecture of testes.
Single and combined treatment with curcumin and quercetin significantly ameliorated Cyp and Del-induced damage
in reproductive system. Conclusion Curcumin and quercetin protected against Cyp and Del-induced reproductive system toxicity and
oxidative damage in rats. The increases in activities of 3β-HSD and 17β-HSD with concomitant increases in
testosterone were mainly responsible for ameliorating effects of curcumin and quercetin. Curcumin showed
slightly better activity as compared to quercetin. The combination of both antioxidants offered more protection
compared to each one alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Sharma
- Department of Zoology, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Amarkantak, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Irshad Aslam Khan
- Department of Zoology, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rambir Singh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Botanical Complementary and Alternative Medicine for Pruritus: a Systematic Review. CURRENT DERMATOLOGY REPORTS 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13671-017-0200-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Singh R, Sharma P. Hepatoprotective Effect of Curcumin on Lindane-induced Oxidative Stress in Male Wistar Rats. Toxicol Int 2011; 18:124-9. [PMID: 21976817 PMCID: PMC3183619 DOI: 10.4103/0971-6580.84264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lindane, an organochlorine pesticide, is recognized as a major public health concern because of its potential toxic effects on human health. Its persistence in the body fluids may lead to continuous blood circulation, liver exposure and hepatotoxicity. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the possible protective role of curcumin on lindane-induced hepatotoxicity. Forty-two healthy adult male Wistar rats were divided into seven groups of six rats each. Group I was given dimethylsulfoxide. A single dose of lindane (60 mg/kg bw) was given to group II. Lindane (30 mg/kg bw) was given daily to group III for 14 days. Treatment with curcumin (100 and 200 mg/kg) was given to groups IV and V before (pretreatment) and to groups VI and VII after (post-treatment) 14 days exposure of lindane. Oxidative stress parameters and antioxidative enzymes were investigated in the liver of exposed and treated rats. A significant increase in lipid peroxidation, and decrease in glutathione level, Superoxide dismutase catalase, glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and NADPH quinine reductase activities was observed in liver of rats exposed to lindane. Curcumin (Pre- and post-treatment) nearly normalized all these parameters. Histological alterations were also observed in the liver tissue after lindane exposure. Treatment with curcumin significantly prevented the lindane-induced histological alterations. In conclusion, curcumin has protective effect over lindane-induced oxidative damage in rat liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rambir Singh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Virtual screening and in vitro assay of potential drug like inhibitors from spices against glutathione-S-transferase of filarial nematodes. J Mol Model 2011; 18:151-63. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-011-1035-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2010] [Accepted: 03/09/2011] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Sharma P, Singh R. Protective role of curcumin on lindane induced reproductive toxicity in male Wistar rats. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2010; 84:378-384. [PMID: 20182699 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-010-9942-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2009] [Accepted: 02/05/2010] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the adverse effects of lindane pesticide on testes and epididymus weight, sperm head counts, sperm motility, abnormal changes in sperm morphology, biochemical changes in endogenous antioxidants and oxidative enzymes in male wistar rats as well as to assess ameliorating role of 'curcumin'. Rats were exposed daily to lindane (30 mg/kg bw) for 14 and 28 days and administered with curcumin (100 mg/kg bw) in pretreatment, post treatment and combination groups. We observed decrease (p < 0.001) in testes and cauda epididymus weight, decrease (p < 0.001) in testicular sperm head count, increase (p < 0.001) in abnormal tail morphology (headless tail, multiple tail, broken tail, coiled tail and bent tail), abnormal head morphology (excessive hook, amorphous head, pin head, short head, blunt hook and detached hook) and decrease (p < 0.001) in sperm motility after lindane exposure, as compared to control. There was (p < 0.01) decline in superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione-s-transferase activity on lindane exposure, however, no change (p > 0.05) was observed in glutathione level. Lipid peroxidation was (p < 0.01) enhanced on lindane exposure as compared to control. Curcumin administration was able to ameliorate lindane induced reproductive toxicity in pretreatment, post treatment and combination groups. The study indicated that even after 14 days of metabolism, toxic effects of lindane were evident.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Sharma
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Basic Sciences, Bundelkhand University, Kanpur Road, Jhansi 284128, India
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