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Hurkul MM, Cetinkaya A, Kaya SI, Yayla S, Ozkan SA. Investigation of Health Effects of Major Phenolic Compounds in Foods: Extraction Processes, Analytical Approaches and Applications. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2024:1-35. [PMID: 38650305 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2024.2336981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The escalating costs of healthcare services and a growing awareness of personal health responsibilities have led individuals to explore natural methods alongside conventional medicines for health improvement and disease prevention. The aging global population is experiencing increased health needs, notably related to conditions like diabetes, heart disease, and hypertension. Lifestyle-related diseases, poor dietary habits, and sedentary lifestyles underscore the importance of foods containing nutrients that can aid in preventing and managing these diseases. Phenolic compounds, a fundamental group of phytochemicals, are prominent in the chemical diversity of the natural world and are abundant in functional foods. Widely distributed in various plant parts, these compounds exhibit important functional and sensory properties, including color, taste, and aroma. Their diverse functionalities, particularly antioxidant activity, play a crucial role in mitigating cellular oxidative stress, potentially reducing damage associated with serious health issues such as cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disea23ses, and cancer. Phenolic compounds exist in different forms, some combined with glycosides, impacting their biological effects and absorption. Approximately 8000 polyphenols isolated from plants offer significant potential for natural medicines and nutritional supplements. Therefore, their extraction process and selective and sensitive food determination are very important. This review focuses on the extraction processes, analytical methods, and health effects of major phenolic compounds in foods. The examination encompasses a comprehensive analysis of analytical approaches and their applications in elucidating the presence and impact of these compounds on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mesud Hurkul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Cetinkaya
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - S Irem Kaya
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Gulhane Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Seyda Yayla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sibel A Ozkan
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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Liñán-Atero R, Aghababaei F, García SR, Hasiri Z, Ziogkas D, Moreno A, Hadidi M. Clove Essential Oil: Chemical Profile, Biological Activities, Encapsulation Strategies, and Food Applications. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:488. [PMID: 38671935 PMCID: PMC11047511 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Plants have proven to be important sources for discovering new compounds that are useful in the treatment of various diseases due to their phytoconstituents. Clove (Syzygium aromaticum L.), an aromatic plant widely cultivated around the world, has been traditionally used for food preservation and medicinal purposes. In particular, clove essential oil (CEO) has attracted attention for containing various bioactive compounds, such as phenolics (eugenol and eugenol acetate), terpenes (β-caryophyllene and α-humulene), and hydrocarbons. These constituents have found applications in cosmetics, food, and medicine industries due to their bioactivity. Pharmacologically, CEO has been tested against a variety of parasites and pathogenic microorganisms, demonstrating antibacterial and antifungal properties. Additionally, many studies have also demonstrated the analgesic, antioxidant, anticancer, antiseptic, and anti-inflammatory effects of this essential oil. However, CEO could degrade for different reasons, impacting its quality and bioactivity. To address this challenge, encapsulation is viewed as a promising strategy that could prolong the shelf life of CEO, improving its physicochemical stability and application in various areas. This review examines the phytochemical composition and biological activities of CEO and its constituents, as well as extraction methods to obtain it. Moreover, encapsulation strategies for CEO and numerous applications in different food fields are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Liñán-Atero
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (R.L.-A.); (S.R.G.); (D.Z.)
| | | | - Samuel Rodríguez García
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (R.L.-A.); (S.R.G.); (D.Z.)
| | - Zahra Hasiri
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University of Shahrekord, Shahrekord 88137-33395, Iran;
| | - Dimitrios Ziogkas
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (R.L.-A.); (S.R.G.); (D.Z.)
| | - Andres Moreno
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (R.L.-A.); (S.R.G.); (D.Z.)
| | - Milad Hadidi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (R.L.-A.); (S.R.G.); (D.Z.)
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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Mostashari P, Mousavi Khaneghah A. Sesame Seeds: A Nutrient-Rich Superfood. Foods 2024; 13:1153. [PMID: 38672826 PMCID: PMC11049391 DOI: 10.3390/foods13081153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Sesame seeds (Sesamum indicum L.) have been cultivated for thousands of years and have long been celebrated for their culinary versatility. Beyond their delightful nutty flavor and crunchy texture, sesame seeds have also gained recognition for their remarkable health benefits. This article provides an in-depth exploration of the numerous ways in which sesame seeds contribute to overall well-being. Sesame seeds are a powerhouse of phytochemicals, including lignans derivatives, tocopherol isomers, phytosterols, and phytates, which have been associated with various health benefits, including the preservation of cardiovascular health and the prevention of cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and brain dysfunction. These compounds have also been substantiated for their efficacy in cholesterol management. Their potential as a natural source of beneficial plant compounds is presented in detail. The article further explores the positive impact of sesame seeds on reducing the risk of chronic diseases thanks to their rich polyunsaturated fatty acids content. Nevertheless, it is crucial to remember the significance of maintaining a well-rounded diet to achieve the proper balance of n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, a balance lacking in sesame seed oil. The significance of bioactive polypeptides derived from sesame seeds is also discussed, shedding light on their applications as nutritional supplements, nutraceuticals, and functional ingredients. Recognizing the pivotal role of processing methods on sesame seeds, this review discusses how these methods can influence bioactive compounds. While roasting the seeds enhances the antioxidant properties of the oil extract, certain processing techniques may reduce phenolic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Mostashari
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1981619573, Iran;
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1941933111, Iran
| | - Amin Mousavi Khaneghah
- Faculty of Biotechnologies (BioTech), ITMO University, 9 Lomonosova Street, Saint Petersburg 191002, Russia
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Pereira L, Cotas J, Gonçalves AM. Seaweed Proteins: A Step towards Sustainability? Nutrients 2024; 16:1123. [PMID: 38674814 PMCID: PMC11054349 DOI: 10.3390/nu16081123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This review delves into the burgeoning field of seaweed proteins as promising alternative sources of protein. With global demand escalating and concerns over traditional protein sources' sustainability and ethics, seaweed emerges as a viable solution, offering a high protein content and minimal environmental impacts. Exploring the nutritional composition, extraction methods, functional properties, and potential health benefits of seaweed proteins, this review provides a comprehensive understanding. Seaweed contains essential amino acids, vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. Its protein content ranges from 11% to 32% of dry weight, making it valuable for diverse dietary preferences, including vegetarian and vegan diets. Furthermore, this review underscores the sustainability and environmental advantages of seaweed protein production compared to traditional sources. Seaweed cultivation requires minimal resources, mitigating environmental issues like ocean acidification. As the review delves into specific seaweed types, extraction methodologies, and functional properties, it highlights the versatility of seaweed proteins in various food products, including plant-based meats, dairy alternatives, and nutritional supplements. Additionally, it discusses the potential health benefits associated with seaweed proteins, such as their unique amino acid profile and bioactive compounds. Overall, this review aims to provide insights into seaweed proteins' potential applications and their role in addressing global protein needs sustainably.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonel Pereira
- Marine Resources, Conservation and Technology, Marine Algae Laboratory, Centre for Functional Ecology—Science for People & the Planet (CFE), Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.C.); (A.M.G.)
| | - João Cotas
- Marine Resources, Conservation and Technology, Marine Algae Laboratory, Centre for Functional Ecology—Science for People & the Planet (CFE), Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.C.); (A.M.G.)
| | - Ana Marta Gonçalves
- Marine Resources, Conservation and Technology, Marine Algae Laboratory, Centre for Functional Ecology—Science for People & the Planet (CFE), Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.C.); (A.M.G.)
- Department of Biology and CESAM—Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Anolli MP, Renteria SU, Degasperi E, Borghi M, Facchetti F, Sambarino D, Perbellini R, Monico S, Ceriotti F, Lampertico P. Quantification of serum HDV RNA by Robogene 2.0 in HDV patients is significantly influenced by the extraction methods. Liver Int 2024; 44:831-837. [PMID: 38247385 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Management of chronic hepatitis delta (CHD) requires reliable tests for HDV RNA quantification. The aim of the study was to compare two extraction methods for the quantification of HDV RNA in untreated and bulevirtide (BLV)-treated CHD patients. METHODS Frozen sera from untreated and BLV-treated CHD patients were tested in a single-centre study for HDV RNA levels (Robogene 2.0, Roboscreen GmbH, Leipzig, Germany; LOD 6 IU/mL) with two extraction methods: manual (INSTANT Virus RNA/DNA kit; Roboscreen GmbH, Leipzig, Germany) versus automated (EZ1 DSP Virus Kit; Qiagen, Hilden, Germany). BLV-treated patients were sampled at baseline and during therapy. RESULTS Two hundred sixty-four sera collected from 157 CHD (139 untreated, 18 BLV-treated) patients were analysed: age 51 (28-78), 59% males, 90% of European origin, 60% cirrhotics, ALT 85 (17-889) U/L, HBsAg 3.8 (1.7-4.6) Log IU/mL, 81% HBV DNA undetectable, 98% HDV genotype 1. Median HDV RNA was 4.53 (.70-8.10) versus 3.77 (.70-6.93) Log IU/mL by manual versus automated extraction (p < .0001). Manual extraction reported similar HDV RNA levels in 31 (20%) patients, higher in 119 (76%) [+.5 and +1 log10 in 60; > +1 log10 in 59] and lower in 7 (4%). Among 18 BLV-treated patients, rates of HDV RNA < LOD significantly differed between the two assays at Weeks 16 and 24 (0% vs. 22%, p = .02; 11% vs. 44%, p = .03), but not at later timepoints. By contrast, virological response rates were similar. CONCLUSIONS Quantification of HDV RNA by Robogene 2.0 is influenced by the extraction method, the manual extraction being 1 Log more sensitive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Paola Anolli
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Uceda Renteria
- Virology Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Degasperi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Borghi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Floriana Facchetti
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Dana Sambarino
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Riccardo Perbellini
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Monico
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Ferruccio Ceriotti
- Virology Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Pietro Lampertico
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, CRC "A. M. and A. Migliavacca" Center for Liver Disease, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Baptista F, Campos J, Costa-Silva V, Pinto AR, Saavedra MJ, Ferreira LM, Rodrigues M, Barros AN. Nutraceutical Potential of Lentinula edodes' Spent Mushroom Substrate: A Comprehensive Study on Phenolic Composition, Antioxidant Activity, and Antibacterial Effects. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:1200. [PMID: 38132800 PMCID: PMC10744564 DOI: 10.3390/jof9121200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Lentinula edodes, commonly known as shiitake mushroom, is renowned for its potential health advantages. This research delves into the often-overlooked by-product of shiitake cultivation, namely spent mushroom substrate (SMS), to explore its nutraceutical properties. The SMS samples were collected and subjected to different extraction methods, namely short or long agitation, and ultrasound-assisted extractions using different temperatures and distilled water or a 50% (v/v) ethanol as solvents. The extracts were tested for phenolic content (total phenols, ortho-diphenols, and flavonoids), antioxidant capacity (DPPH, 2,2-diphenyl-1 picrylhydrazyl; ABTS, 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid; and FRAP, ferric reducing antioxidant power), and antibacterial activity. The different extraction methods revealed substantial variations (p < 0.05) in phenolic composition and antioxidant capacity. The highest phenolic content and antioxidant capacity were achieved using 24 h extraction, agitation, 50 °C, and ethanol as the solvent. Furthermore, the extracted compounds displayed antibacterial activity in specific tested bacterial strains. This study highlights the nutraceutical potential of L. edodes' SMS, positioning it as a valuable dietary supplement for animal nutrition, with emphasis on its prebiotic properties. Hence, this research unveils the promising health benefits of SMS in both human and animal nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Baptista
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (J.C.); (A.R.P.); (M.J.S.); (L.M.F.); (M.R.)
| | - Joana Campos
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (J.C.); (A.R.P.); (M.J.S.); (L.M.F.); (M.R.)
| | - Valéria Costa-Silva
- CECAV—Animal and Veterinary Research Centre, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
| | - Ana Rita Pinto
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (J.C.); (A.R.P.); (M.J.S.); (L.M.F.); (M.R.)
| | - Maria José Saavedra
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (J.C.); (A.R.P.); (M.J.S.); (L.M.F.); (M.R.)
| | - Luis Mendes Ferreira
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (J.C.); (A.R.P.); (M.J.S.); (L.M.F.); (M.R.)
| | - Miguel Rodrigues
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (J.C.); (A.R.P.); (M.J.S.); (L.M.F.); (M.R.)
| | - Ana Novo Barros
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (J.C.); (A.R.P.); (M.J.S.); (L.M.F.); (M.R.)
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Iacopetta D, Ceramella J, Scumaci D, Catalano A, Sinicropi MS, Tundis R, Alcaro S, Borges F. An Update on Recent Studies Focusing on the Antioxidant Properties of Salvia Species. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2106. [PMID: 38136225 PMCID: PMC10740915 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutrition has crucial effects and a significant role in disease prevention. Recently, nutraceuticals have attracted much attention in scientific research due to their pleiotropic effects and relatively non-toxic behavior. Among the biological effects displayed by plants belonging to the Lamiaceae family, such as antibacterial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and anticholinesterase, sage is well known for its antioxidant properties and is a rich source of numerous compounds that are biologically active, amongst them polyphenols, with more than 160 types identified. In this review we summarized some of the significant studies published in the last decade reporting the most employed extraction methods and the different assays that are useful for establishing the antioxidant properties of some sage species. Even though the scientific literature contains plenty of data regarding the antioxidant properties of many sage species, further studies are needed in order to gain a deeper understanding of the mechanism of action and the compounds responsible for their antioxidant activity. Finally, it should be taken into account that the data on the antioxidant properties of sage extracts are often difficult to compare with each other, since a series of variables in the extraction procedures, the type of assay used, and standardization may affect the final result.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Iacopetta
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (D.I.); (J.C.); (R.T.)
| | - Jessica Ceramella
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (D.I.); (J.C.); (R.T.)
| | - Domenica Scumaci
- Laboratory of Proteomics, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, “S Venuta” Campus, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
- Research Center on Advanced Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, “S Venuta” Campus, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Alessia Catalano
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Stefania Sinicropi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (D.I.); (J.C.); (R.T.)
| | - Rosa Tundis
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (D.I.); (J.C.); (R.T.)
| | - Stefano Alcaro
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
- Net4Science SRL, Academic Spinoff, Università “Magna Græcia” di Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Associazione CRISEA-Centro di Ricerca e Servizi Avanzati per l’Innovazione Rurale, Loc. Condoleo, 88055 Belcastro, Italy
| | - Fernanda Borges
- CIQUP-IMS/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal;
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Sun X, Wan Y, Liu W, Wei C. Effects of different extraction methods on volatile profiles of flaxseed oils. J Food Sci 2023; 88:4988-5001. [PMID: 37872781 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the effects of different extraction methods on volatile compounds in flaxseed oil (FSO), we first carried out solvent extraction, cold pressing, and hot pressing treatments of flaxseed [Linum usitatissimum (L.)], then applied the headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry technology to identify the volatile substance compositions, and established flavor fingerprints of solvent-extracted FSO, cold-pressed FSO, and hot-pressed FSO. In total, 81 volatile compounds were detected, including 27 aldehydes, 14 alcohols, 13 ketones, 9 heterocycles, 8 esters, 5 acids, 4 hydrocarbons, and 1 sulfur compound (dimethyl disulfide). Extraction methods had a great influence on the volatile profile of FSO. Solvent-extracted FSO had more sweet, mild, floral, and sour volatile profiles, cold-pressed FSO had stronger volatile profiles of winey, spicy, and fatty, and hot-pressed FSO had green, grass, and plastic volatile profiles. Principal component analysis and Euclidean distance demonstrated that the volatile compounds of three FSO samples could be clearly distinguished. Of note, the cold-pressed FSO and hot-pressed FSO had similar volatile profiles, and they were different from solvent-extracted FSO. This study could provide some guidance for improving the flavor quality of FSO and selecting the proper extraction method for FSO productions. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Practical Application: This study shows extraction methods significantly affect the formation of aroma characteristics in flaxseed oil (FSO), and it provides theoretical guidance for production to use the appropriate extraction methods for high-quality FSO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelian Sun
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Processing and Quality Control of Specialty (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), School of Food Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- Key Laboratory for Food Nutrition and Safety Control of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, School of Food Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yilai Wan
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Processing and Quality Control of Specialty (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), School of Food Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- Key Laboratory for Food Nutrition and Safety Control of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, School of Food Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Wenyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Processing and Quality Control of Specialty (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), School of Food Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- Key Laboratory for Food Nutrition and Safety Control of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, School of Food Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- Oil Deep Processing and Nutrition Safety Innovation Team, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultral and Reclamation Science, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Changqing Wei
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Processing and Quality Control of Specialty (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), School of Food Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- Key Laboratory for Food Nutrition and Safety Control of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, School of Food Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- Oil Deep Processing and Nutrition Safety Innovation Team, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultral and Reclamation Science, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
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Yang Y, Xu S, Yang K, Sun Y, Yang R, Hu Y, Chen G, Cai H. Characterization and In Vitro Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Ginsenosides Extracted from Forest-Grown Wild Panax quinquefolius L. Foods 2023; 12:4316. [PMID: 38231785 DOI: 10.3390/foods12234316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) is known for its health benefits, which are attributed to various terpenoids. However, the specific composition and activities of these terpenoids in forest-grown wild American ginseng remain understudied. This study aimed to characterize the terpenoid composition, particularly triterpene saponins, in forest-grown wild American ginseng. The analysis revealed that triterpene saponins, notably American ginseng ginsenosides (AGGs), are the predominant active components, as identified through LC-MS/MS and HPLC. A subsequent in vitro evaluation of AGGs showcased their potent antioxidant capabilities, displaying the dose-dependent scavenging of free radicals and reducing agents. Moreover, AGGs demonstrated efficacy in reducing oxidative injury and intracellular ROS levels in RAW 264.7 macrophages treated with H2O2. In addition to their antioxidant properties, AGGs exhibited anti-inflammatory effects, significantly inhibiting NO and inflammatory substance production in lipopolysaccharide-treated RAW 264.7 macrophages. These findings highlight the potential of AGG-rich forest-grown wild American ginseng as a functional food with promising implications for improving human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Shan Xu
- School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Kemeng Yang
- School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Yuning Sun
- School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Ruirui Yang
- School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Yanan Hu
- School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Guijie Chen
- School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Huimei Cai
- School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
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10
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Rahman ML, Mandal S, Das P, Ashraf GJ, Dua TK, Paul P, Nandi G, Sahu R. Evaluation of maceration, microwave, ultrasound-assisted extraction methods on free, esterified and bound phenolic profile and antioxidant activity of black rice. Z NATURFORSCH C 2023; 78:389-398. [PMID: 37682027 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2023-0085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Black rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a rich source of phenolics and anthocyanins. It was aimed to investigate the effect of different extraction methods such as conventional solvent extraction, ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) on antioxidant activity and phenolic profiling of black rice free, esterified, and bound phenolics fractions. Spectrophotometric methods were used to evaluate antioxidant activity and HPTLC was used for phenolics profiling. The highest content of % yield, total anthocyanin (TAC), total phenolic (TPC), and total flavonoid (TFC) contents were detected in MAE. It was also observed that antioxidant activity based on DPPH, ABTS, superoxide radical-scavenging and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays showed highest activity in MAE. Eight phenolic compounds were identified and quantified by a validated HPTLC method. MAE showed most abundant phenolic compounds. A significant positive correlation was established between % yield, total phenolic content, and total flavonoid content (p < 0.05) where a significant negative correlation was established between % yield, TPC, and TFC with IC50 of antioxidant activity (p < 0.05). Diverse phenolic contents and antioxidant activity were studied with different forms of phenolics with the different extraction methods. It designates that the extraction techniques had effects on the bioactive compounds as well biological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Latifur Rahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling 734013, West Bengal, India
| | - Subhajit Mandal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling 734013, West Bengal, India
| | - Priya Das
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling 734013, West Bengal, India
| | - Gouhar Jahan Ashraf
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling 734013, West Bengal, India
| | - Tarun Kumar Dua
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling 734013, West Bengal, India
| | - Paramita Paul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling 734013, West Bengal, India
| | - Gouranga Nandi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling 734013, West Bengal, India
| | - Ranabir Sahu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling 734013, West Bengal, India
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Singh SK, Shrivastava S, Mishra AK, Kumar D, Pandey VK, Srivastava P, Pradhan B, Behera BC, Bahuguna A, Baek KH. Friedelin: Structure, Biosynthesis, Extraction, and Its Potential Health Impact. Molecules 2023; 28:7760. [PMID: 38067489 PMCID: PMC10707989 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Pharmaceutical companies are investigating more source matrices for natural bioactive chemicals. Friedelin (friedelan-3-one) is a pentacyclic triterpene isolated from various plant species from different families as well as mosses and lichen. The fundamental compounds of these friedelane triterpenoids are abundantly found in cork tissues and leaf materials of diverse plant genera such as Celastraceae, Asteraceae, Fabaceae, and Myrtaceae. They possess many pharmacological effects, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, and antimicrobial activities. Friedelin also has an anti-insect effect and the ability to alter the soil microbial ecology, making it vital to agriculture. Ultrasound, microwave, supercritical fluid, ionic liquid, and acid hydrolysis extract friedelin with reduced environmental impact. Recently, the high demand for friedelin has led to the development of CRISPR/Cas9 technology and gene overexpression plasmids to produce friedelin using genetically engineered yeast. Friedelin with low cytotoxicity to normal cells can be the best phytochemical for the drug of choice. The review summarizes the structural interpretation, biosynthesis, physicochemical properties, quantification, and various forms of pharmacological significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Kumar Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, ARKA Jain University, Jamshedpur 832108, Jharkhand, India; (S.K.S.); (P.S.)
| | - Shweta Shrivastava
- School of Pharmacy, ARKA Jain University, Jamshedpur 832108, Jharkhand, India;
| | - Awdhesh Kumar Mishra
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Darshan Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, ARKA Jain University, Jamshedpur 832108, Jharkhand, India; (S.K.S.); (P.S.)
| | - Vijay Kant Pandey
- Department of Agriculture, Netaji Subhas University, Jamshedpur 831012, Jharkhand, India;
| | - Pratima Srivastava
- Department of Biotechnology, ARKA Jain University, Jamshedpur 832108, Jharkhand, India; (S.K.S.); (P.S.)
| | - Biswaranjan Pradhan
- S.K. Dash Centre of Excellence of Biosciences and Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Bhubaneswar 752050, Odisha, India;
| | - Bikash Chandra Behera
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 752050, Odisha, India;
| | - Ashutosh Bahuguna
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea;
| | - Kwang-Hyun Baek
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
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12
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Teixeira VMC, de Oliveira A, Backes E, de Souza CGM, Castoldi R, de Sá-Nakanishi AB, Bracht L, Comar JF, Corrêa RCG, Leimann FV, Bracht A, Peralta RM. A Critical Appraisal of the Most Recent Investigations on Ora-Pro-Nobis ( Pereskia sp.): Economical, Botanical, Phytochemical, Nutritional, and Ethnopharmacological Aspects. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:3874. [PMID: 38005771 PMCID: PMC10674284 DOI: 10.3390/plants12223874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Pereskia aculeata Miller and Pereskia grandfolia Haw, known as 'ora-pro-nobis', are unconventional vegetables belonging to the Cactaceae family, native to the Americas and common in the northeast and southeast regions of Brazil. This review attempts to present a balanced account of both the methods used for obtaining extracts from the diverse parts of the plants and the results that were obtained in terms of their applicability to foods and other products with biological activities. Attention will also be devoted to the properties of their bioactives and their applications to real food products. Methods for obtaining extracts from the diverse parts of the plants will be analyzed, as well as the chemical nature of the bioactives that were hitherto identified. Next, the applicability of ora-pro-nobis in either its integral form or in the form of extracts or other products (mucilages) to the production of food and dietary supplements will be analyzed. The species have been extensively investigated during the last few decades. But, the determination of chemical structures is frequently incomplete and there is a need for new studies on texture determination and color evaluation. Further studies exploring the fruit and flowers of P. aculeata are also required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valéria Maria Costa Teixeira
- Department of Biochemistry, State University of Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil; (V.M.C.T.); (A.d.O.); (E.B.); (C.G.M.d.S.); (R.C.); (A.B.d.S.-N.); (L.B.); (J.F.C.); (A.B.)
| | - Anielle de Oliveira
- Department of Biochemistry, State University of Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil; (V.M.C.T.); (A.d.O.); (E.B.); (C.G.M.d.S.); (R.C.); (A.B.d.S.-N.); (L.B.); (J.F.C.); (A.B.)
| | - Emanueli Backes
- Department of Biochemistry, State University of Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil; (V.M.C.T.); (A.d.O.); (E.B.); (C.G.M.d.S.); (R.C.); (A.B.d.S.-N.); (L.B.); (J.F.C.); (A.B.)
| | - Cristina Giatti Marques de Souza
- Department of Biochemistry, State University of Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil; (V.M.C.T.); (A.d.O.); (E.B.); (C.G.M.d.S.); (R.C.); (A.B.d.S.-N.); (L.B.); (J.F.C.); (A.B.)
| | - Rafael Castoldi
- Department of Biochemistry, State University of Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil; (V.M.C.T.); (A.d.O.); (E.B.); (C.G.M.d.S.); (R.C.); (A.B.d.S.-N.); (L.B.); (J.F.C.); (A.B.)
| | - Anacharis Babeto de Sá-Nakanishi
- Department of Biochemistry, State University of Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil; (V.M.C.T.); (A.d.O.); (E.B.); (C.G.M.d.S.); (R.C.); (A.B.d.S.-N.); (L.B.); (J.F.C.); (A.B.)
| | - Lívia Bracht
- Department of Biochemistry, State University of Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil; (V.M.C.T.); (A.d.O.); (E.B.); (C.G.M.d.S.); (R.C.); (A.B.d.S.-N.); (L.B.); (J.F.C.); (A.B.)
| | - Jurandir Fernando Comar
- Department of Biochemistry, State University of Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil; (V.M.C.T.); (A.d.O.); (E.B.); (C.G.M.d.S.); (R.C.); (A.B.d.S.-N.); (L.B.); (J.F.C.); (A.B.)
| | - Rúbia Carvalho Gomes Corrêa
- Post-Graduate Program in Clean Technologies, Cesumar Institute for Science, Technology and Innovation—ICETI, Cesumar University—UNICESUMAR, Maringá 87050-900, Brazil;
| | - Fernanda Vitória Leimann
- Food Departament, Federal University of Technology-PR, Campus of Campo Mourão, Campo Mourão 87301-899, Brazil;
| | - Adelar Bracht
- Department of Biochemistry, State University of Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil; (V.M.C.T.); (A.d.O.); (E.B.); (C.G.M.d.S.); (R.C.); (A.B.d.S.-N.); (L.B.); (J.F.C.); (A.B.)
| | - Rosane Marina Peralta
- Department of Biochemistry, State University of Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil; (V.M.C.T.); (A.d.O.); (E.B.); (C.G.M.d.S.); (R.C.); (A.B.d.S.-N.); (L.B.); (J.F.C.); (A.B.)
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13
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Huang J, Yuan X, Chen L, Hu B, Wang H, Huang W. The Biology, Pathological Roles of Exosomes and Their Clinical Application in Parkinson's Disease. Neuroscience 2023; 531:24-38. [PMID: 37689233 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease with a high global incidence and places a great burden on the patient, their family and society. Early diagnosis of PD is the key to hindering the progression process and may enable treatment to partially reverse the disease course. Exosomes are lipid bilayers with a diameter of 40-160 nm (average ∼100 nm), show a cup-shaped structure in transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images, and contain different types of nucleic acids and proteins. On the one hand, several molecules contained in exosomes are correlated with PD pathology. On the other hand, biomarkers based on exosomes have gradually become diagnostic tools in PD. Since exosomes can freely cross the blood-brain barrier, CNS-derived exosomes obtained from the periphery have the potential to be a powerful marker for early PD diagnosis. Of course, exosomes also have great potential as drug delivery systems due to their low toxicity, lipid solubility and immunological inertness. However, there is still a lack of standardized, efficient, and ultrasensitive methods for the isolation of exosomes, hindering the development of effective biomarkers. Therefore, this review describes the biological characteristics of exosomes, exosome extraction methods, and the pathological role, diagnostic/therapeutic value of exosomes in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Huang
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, China
| | - Xingxing Yuan
- The department of Anesthesiology, Hunan Provincial People,s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, China
| | - Binbin Hu
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, China.
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Zhang X, Tang B, Wen S, Wang Y, Pan C, Qu L, Yin Y, Wei Y. Advancements in the Biotransformation and Biosynthesis of the Primary Active Flavonoids Derived from Epimedium. Molecules 2023; 28:7173. [PMID: 37894651 PMCID: PMC10609448 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28207173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Epimedium is a classical Chinese herbal medicine, which has been used extensively to treat various diseases, such as sexual dysfunction, osteoporosis, cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, and brain diseases. Flavonoids, such as icariin, baohuoside I, icaritin, and epimedin C, are the main active ingredients with diverse pharmacological activities. Currently, most Epimedium flavonoids are extracted from Epimedium plants, but this method cannot meet the increasing market demand. Biotransformation strategies promised huge potential for increasing the contents of high-value Epimedium flavonoids, which would promote the full use of the Epimedium herb. Complete biosynthesis of major Epimedium flavonoids by microbial cell factories would enable industrial-scale production of Epimedium flavonoids. This review summarizes the structures, pharmacological activities, and biosynthesis pathways in the Epimedium plant, as well as the extraction methods of major Epimedium flavonoids, and advancements in the biotransformation and complete microbial synthesis of Epimedium flavonoids, which would provide valuable insights for future studies on Epimedium herb usage and the production of Epimedium flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Quick Testing and Smart Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Bingling Tang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Sijie Wen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yitong Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Chengxue Pan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Lingbo Qu
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yulong Yin
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Yongjun Wei
- Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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15
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Zhang Y, Lin Y, He J, Song S, Luo Y, Lu Y, Chen S, Wang Q, Li Y, Ren F, Guo H. Milk-derived small extracellular vesicles: a new perspective on dairy nutrition. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-22. [PMID: 37819268 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2263573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Milk contains bioactive compounds that have multiple essential benefits. Milk-derived small extracellular vesicles (M-sEVs) have emerged as novel bioactive milk components with various beneficial biological functions and broad applications. The M-sEVs from different mammalian sources have similar composition and bioactive functions. The digestive stability and biocompatibility of the M-sEVs provide a good foundation for their physiological functions. Evidence suggests that M-sEVs promote intestinal, immune, bone, neural, liver, and heart health and show therapeutic effects against cancer, indicating their potential for use in functional foods. In addition, M-sEVs can be developed as natural delivery carriers owing to their superior structural characteristics. Further studies are needed to elucidate the relationship between the specific components and functions of M-sEVs, standardize their extraction processes, and refine relevant clinical trials to advance the future applications of M-sEVs. This review summarizes the structure and composition of M-sEVs isolated from different milk sources and discusses several common extraction methods. Since the introduction of M-sEVs for digestion and absorption, studies have been conducted on their biological functions. Furthermore, we outline the theoretical industrial production route, potential application scenarios of M-sEVs, and the future perspectives of M-sEV research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuning Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yingying Lin
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Dairy, Hohhot, PR China
| | - Jian He
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Dairy, Hohhot, PR China
| | - Sijia Song
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe, PR China
| | - Yujia Luo
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yao Lu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
| | | | - Qingyu Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yixuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Fazheng Ren
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Huiyuan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
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Wu Q, Zhang F, Niu M, Yan J, Shi L, Liang Y, Tan J, Xu Y, Xu J, Wang J, Feng N. Extraction Methods, Properties, Functions, and Interactions with Other Nutrients of Lotus Procyanidins: A Review. J Agric Food Chem 2023; 71:14413-14431. [PMID: 37754221 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c05305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Lotus procyanidins, natural polyphenolic compounds isolated from the lotus plant family, are widely recognized as potent antioxidants that scavenge free radicals in the human body and exhibit various pharmacological effects, such as anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antiobesity, and hypoglycemic. With promising applications in food and healthcare, lotus procyanidins have attracted extensive attention in recent years. This review provides a comprehensive summary of current research on lotus procyanidins, including extraction methods, properties, functions, and interactions with other nutrient components. Furthermore, this review offers an outlook on future research directions, providing ideas and references for the exploitation and utilization of lotus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China
| | - Fen Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China
| | - Mengyao Niu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China
| | - Jia Yan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China
| | - Lin Shi
- Wuhan Caidian District Public Inspection and Testing Center, Wuhan, Hubei 430100, China
| | - Yinggang Liang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China
| | - Jiangying Tan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China
| | - Jianhua Xu
- Pinyuan (Suizhou) Modern Agriculture Development Co., Ltd., Suizhou, Hubei 441300, China
| | - Jingyi Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China
| | - Nianjie Feng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China
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He W, Zheng S, Zhang H, Gao B, Jin J, Zhang M, He Q. Plant-Derived Vesicle-Like Nanoparticles: Clinical Application Exploration and Challenges. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:5671-5683. [PMID: 37822992 PMCID: PMC10564083 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s428647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The utilization of plant-derived vesicle-like nanoparticles (PDVLNs) has shown effectiveness in the prevention/treatment of inflammatory-mediated diseases, malignancies, and immune-related diseases, such as acute liver injury, allergic asthma, gastric cancer and so on. This highlights the promising potential of PDVLNs as biotherapeutics. Furthermore, it should be noted that PDVLNs possess the ability to function as both natural and engineered drug carriers, making them an appealing option. This review aims to present the appropriate extraction methods of PDVLNs, summarize the applications of PDVLNs in different diseases, and provide an outlook on the prospects of PDVLNs. At the same time, the authors also express their discussion on the current limitations of PDVLNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfang He
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Siqiang Zheng
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bowen Gao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Key Laboratory of Immune Related Diseases, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710061, People’s Republic of China
| | - Juan Jin
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingzhen Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Key Laboratory of Immune Related Diseases, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710061, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710061, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiang He
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000, People’s Republic of China
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18
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Ma L, Dong R, Peng J, Tian X, Fang D, Xu S. Comparison of the effect of extraction methods on waste cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) flowers: metabolic profile, bioactive components, antioxidant, and α-amylase inhibition. J Sci Food Agric 2023; 103:6463-6472. [PMID: 37218075 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Waste cotton flowers, as a by-product of cotton cultivation, are enriched with bioactive substances that render them a promising natural source of health-promoting benefits. In this study, ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), subcritical water extraction (SWE), and conventional extraction (CE) approaches were applied to extract bioactive compounds from waste cotton flowers, and the metabolic profiles, bioactive components, antioxidants, and α-amylase inhibition of different extractions were systematically analyzed and compared. RESULTS It was observed that UAE and CE extracts had similar metabolic profiles compared with SWE. The flavonoids and amino acids and derivatives were more prone to be extracted by UAE and CE, whereas phenolic acids tended to accumulate in SWE extract. The UAE extract had the highest amounts of total polyphenols (214.07 mg gallic acid equivalents per gram dry weight) and flavonoids (33.23 mg rutin equivalents per gram dry weight) as well as the strongest inhibition on oxidation (IC50 = 10.80 μg mL-1 ) and α-amylase activity (IC50 = 0.62 mg mL-1 ), indicating that chemical composition was closely related to biological activity. Additionally, microstructures and thermal behaviors of the extracts were investigated and highlighted the ability of UAE. CONCLUSION Overall, it can be concluded that UAE is an efficient, green, and economical extraction method to produce bioactive compounds from cotton flowers, and the UAE extracts could be used in food and medicine industries because of their high antioxidant and α-amylase inhibitory activity. This study provides a scientific basis for the development and comprehensive utilization of cotton by-products. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Ma
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of CAAS, Anyang, China
| | - Ruidan Dong
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jun Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of CAAS, Anyang, China
| | - Xinquan Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of CAAS, Anyang, China
| | - Dan Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of CAAS, Anyang, China
| | - Shuangjiao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of CAAS, Anyang, China
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19
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Gould H, Cheung W, Finnigan JD, Muñoz-Muñoz J, Charnock SJ, Black GW. In Search of Complementary Extraction Methods for Comprehensive Coverage of the Escherichia coli Metabolome. Metabolites 2023; 13:1010. [PMID: 37755290 PMCID: PMC10535102 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13091010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli is an invaluable research tool for many fields of biology, in particular for the production of recombinant enzymes. However, the activity of many such recombinant enzymes cannot be determined using standard biochemical assays, as often, the relevant substrates are not known, or the products produced are not detectable. Today, the biochemical footprints of such unknown enzyme activities can be revealed via the analysis of the metabolomes of the recombinant E. coli clones in which they are expressed, using sensitive technologies such as mass spectrometry. However, before any metabolites can be identified, it is necessary to achieve as high a coverage of the potential metabolites present within E. coli as possible. We have therefore analyzed a wide range of different extraction methods against the cell free extracts of various recombinant E. coli clones. The results were analyzed to determine the minimum number of extractions that achieved high recovery and coverage of metabolites. Two methods were selected for further analysis due to their ability to produce not only high numbers of ions, but also wide mass coverage and a high degree of complementarity. One extraction method uses acetonitrile and water, in a 4:1 ratio, which is then dried down and reconstituted in the chromatography running buffer prior to injection onto the chromatography column, and the other extraction method uses a combination of methanol, water and chloroform, in a 3:1:1 ratio, which is injected directly onto the chromatography column. These two extraction methods were shown to be complementary to each other, as regards the respective metabolites extracted, and to cover a large range of metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Gould
- Hub for Biotechnology in the Built Environment, Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK
| | - William Cheung
- Hub for Biotechnology in the Built Environment, Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK
| | - James D Finnigan
- Prozomix Limited, West End Industrial Estate, Haltwhistle NE49 9HA, UK
| | - José Muñoz-Muñoz
- Hub for Biotechnology in the Built Environment, Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK
| | - Simon J Charnock
- Prozomix Limited, West End Industrial Estate, Haltwhistle NE49 9HA, UK
| | - Gary W Black
- Hub for Biotechnology in the Built Environment, Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK
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20
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Fragkouli R, Antonopoulou M, Asimakis E, Spyrou A, Kosma C, Zotos A, Tsiamis G, Patakas A, Triantafyllidis V. Mediterranean Plants as Potential Source of Biopesticides: An Overview of Current Research and Future Trends. Metabolites 2023; 13:967. [PMID: 37755247 PMCID: PMC10535963 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13090967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The development and implementation of safe natural alternatives to synthetic pesticides are urgent needs that will provide ecological solutions for the control of plant diseases, bacteria, viruses, nematodes, pests, and weeds to ensure the economic stability of farmers and food security, as well as protection of the environment and human health. Unambiguously, production of botanical pesticides will allow for the sustainable and efficient use of natural resources and finally decrease the use of chemical inputs and burden. This is further underlined by the strict regulations on pesticide residues in agricultural products and is in harmony with the Farm to Fork strategy, which aims to reduce pesticide use by 50% by 2030. Thus, the present work aims to compile the scientific knowledge of the last 5 years (2017-February 2023) regarding the Mediterranean plants that present biopesticidal effects. The literature review revealed 40 families of Mediterranean plants with at least one species that have been investigated as potential biopesticides. However, only six families had the highest number of species, and they were reviewed comprehensively in this study. Following a systematic approach, the extraction methods, chemical composition, biopesticidal activity, and commonly used assays for evaluating the antimicrobial, pesticidal, repellant, and herbicidal activity of plant extracts, as well as the toxicological and safety aspects of biopesticide formulation, are discussed in detail. Finally, the aspects that have not yet been investigated or are under-investigated and future perspectives are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina Fragkouli
- Department of Food Science & Technology, University of Patras, Seferi 2, 30100 Agrinio, Greece; (R.F.); (C.K.); (A.P.)
| | - Maria Antonopoulou
- Department of Sustainable Agriculture, University of Patras, Seferi 2, 30100 Agrinio, Greece; (M.A.); (E.A.); (A.S.); (A.Z.); (G.T.)
| | - Elias Asimakis
- Department of Sustainable Agriculture, University of Patras, Seferi 2, 30100 Agrinio, Greece; (M.A.); (E.A.); (A.S.); (A.Z.); (G.T.)
| | - Alexandra Spyrou
- Department of Sustainable Agriculture, University of Patras, Seferi 2, 30100 Agrinio, Greece; (M.A.); (E.A.); (A.S.); (A.Z.); (G.T.)
| | - Chariklia Kosma
- Department of Food Science & Technology, University of Patras, Seferi 2, 30100 Agrinio, Greece; (R.F.); (C.K.); (A.P.)
| | - Anastasios Zotos
- Department of Sustainable Agriculture, University of Patras, Seferi 2, 30100 Agrinio, Greece; (M.A.); (E.A.); (A.S.); (A.Z.); (G.T.)
| | - George Tsiamis
- Department of Sustainable Agriculture, University of Patras, Seferi 2, 30100 Agrinio, Greece; (M.A.); (E.A.); (A.S.); (A.Z.); (G.T.)
| | - Angelos Patakas
- Department of Food Science & Technology, University of Patras, Seferi 2, 30100 Agrinio, Greece; (R.F.); (C.K.); (A.P.)
| | - Vassilios Triantafyllidis
- Department of Food Science & Technology, University of Patras, Seferi 2, 30100 Agrinio, Greece; (R.F.); (C.K.); (A.P.)
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21
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Moggio M, Faramarzi B, Portaccio M, Manti L, Lepore M, Diano N. A Sphingolipidomic Profiling Approach for Comparing X-ray-Exposed and Unexposed HepG2 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12364. [PMID: 37569739 PMCID: PMC10418425 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
An analytical method based on tandem mass spectrometry-shotgun is presently proposed to obtain sphingolipidomic profiles useful for the characterization of lipid extract from X-ray-exposed and unexposed hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2). To obtain a targeted lipidic profile from a specific biological system, the best extraction method must be identified before instrumental analysis. Accordingly, four different classic lipid extraction protocols were compared in terms of efficiency, specificity, and reproducibility. The performance of each procedure was evaluated using the Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopic technique; subsequently, the quality of extracts was estimated using electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. The selected procedure based on chloroform/methanol/water was successfully used in mass spectrometry-based shotgun sphingolipidomics, allowing for evaluation of the response of cells to X-ray irradiation, the most common anticancer therapy. Using a relative quantitative approach, the changes in the sphingolipid profiles of irradiated cell extracts were demonstrated, confirming that lipidomic technologies are also useful tools for studying the key sphingolipid role in regulating cancer growth during radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Moggio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.M.); (M.P.); (M.L.)
| | - Bahar Faramarzi
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy;
| | - Marianna Portaccio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.M.); (M.P.); (M.L.)
| | - Lorenzo Manti
- Dipartimento di Fisica “E. Pancini”, Università Federico II di Napoli, 80126 Napoli, Italy;
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione di Napoli, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Maria Lepore
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.M.); (M.P.); (M.L.)
| | - Nadia Diano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.M.); (M.P.); (M.L.)
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22
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Shi X, Hu Z, Gan B, He Y, Zhang L, Chen M, Wang Y, Li X. Multivariate Evaluation of DNA Quality Differences in Different Preanalytical Procedures in Mouse Livers. Biopreserv Biobank 2023; 21:378-387. [PMID: 36067273 DOI: 10.1089/bio.2022.0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Successful histogenetic research relies on proper handling of tissue samples to maximize DNA quality. As the largest gland in the body, the liver is particularly sensitive to sample mishandling owing to its enzymatic and transcriptional activity. However, the impact of preanalytical procedures on the quality of extracted liver DNA remains poorly understood. In this study, we assessed the impact of extraction methods, duration of ex vivo liver ischemia, liver storage time, and temperature on extracted DNA quality. Comprehensive parameters such as DNA yields, purity, DNA integrity number, the percentage of double-stranded DNA (%dsDNA), and PCR amplification of the GAPDH gene fragment were assessed to identify the quality of extracted DNA. Our results revealed that these preanalytical processes had little effect on DIN values and PCR efficiency of GAPDH gene fragments for each sample, whereas the DNA yields, purity, and %dsDNAs varied widely across different processes. For liver DNA extraction, RNase is necessary to isolate "pure" DNA, and the presence of RNase could significantly increase the %dsDNA. In addition, significant increases in the yields, purity, and %dsDNA of extracted DNA were observed in the TissueLyser-processed livers compared with the mortar and pestle or shear cell disruption methods. Further investigation revealed that livers experiencing longer periods of ex vivo ischemia resulted in significantly compromised DNA yields, and to obtain sufficient DNA, the ex vivo liver ischemia should be limited to within 30 minutes. Moreover, compared with storage of livers at -80°C, storage of livers in the vapor phase of liquid nitrogen yielded a higher quality of the extracted DNA. Our findings exhibited significant implications for liver-derived DNA quality assessment and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Shi
- BioBank, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhenyue Hu
- BioBank, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Baoyu Gan
- BioBank, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yinlin He
- BioBank, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Linpei Zhang
- BioBank, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Min Chen
- BioBank, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yawen Wang
- BioBank, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaojiao Li
- BioBank, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
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23
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Rani M, Ducoli S, Depero LE, Prica M, Tubić A, Ademovic Z, Morrison L, Federici S. A Complete Guide to Extraction Methods of Microplastics from Complex Environmental Matrices. Molecules 2023; 28:5710. [PMID: 37570680 PMCID: PMC10420958 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Sustainable development is a big global challenge for the 21st century. In recent years, a class of emerging contaminants known as microplastics (MPs) has been identified as a significant pollutant with the potential to harm ecosystems. These small plastic particles have been found in every compartment of the planet, with aquatic habitats serving as the ultimate sink. The challenge to extract MPs from different environmental matrices is a tangible and imperative issue. One of the primary specialties of research in environmental chemistry is the development of simple, rapid, low-cost, sensitive, and selective analytical methods for the extraction and identification of MPs in the environment. The present review describes the developments in MP extraction methods from complex environmental matrices. All existing methodologies (new, old, and proof-of-concept) are discussed and evaluated for their potential usefulness to extract MPs from various biotic and abiotic matrices for the sake of progress and innovation. This study concludes by addressing the current challenges and outlining future research objectives aimed at combating MP pollution. Additionally, a set of recommendations is provided to assist researchers in selecting appropriate analytical techniques for obtaining accurate results. To facilitate this process, a proposed roadmap for MP extraction is presented, considering the specific environmental compartments under investigation. By following this roadmap, researchers can enhance their understanding of MP pollution and contribute to effective mitigation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Rani
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia and INSTM Research Unit of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy (S.D.); (L.E.D.)
| | - Serena Ducoli
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia and INSTM Research Unit of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy (S.D.); (L.E.D.)
| | - Laura Eleonora Depero
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia and INSTM Research Unit of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy (S.D.); (L.E.D.)
| | - Miljana Prica
- Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia;
| | - Aleksandra Tubić
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia;
| | - Zahida Ademovic
- Faculty of Forestry, University of Sarajevo, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Liam Morrison
- Earth and Ocean Sciences, School of Natural Sciences and Ryan Institute, University of Galway, H91TK33 Galway, Ireland
| | - Stefania Federici
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia and INSTM Research Unit of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy (S.D.); (L.E.D.)
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24
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Abstract
The projected global population is expected to reach around 9.7 billion by 2050, indicating a greater demand for proteins in the human diet. Cereal bran proteins (CBPs) have been identified as high-quality proteins, with potential applications in both the food and pharmaceutical industries. In 2020, global cereal grain production was 2.1 billion metric tonnes, including wheat, rice, corn, millet, barley, and oats. Cereal bran, obtained through milling, made up 10-20% of total cereal grain production, varying by grain type and milling degree. In this article, the molecular composition and nutritional value of CBPs are summarized, and recent advances in their extraction and purification are discussed. The functional properties of CBPs are then reviewed, including their solubility, binding, emulsifying, foaming, gelling, and thermal properties. Finally, current challenges to the application of CBPs in foods are highlighted, such as the presence of antinutritional factors, low digestibility, and allergenicity, as well as potential strategies to improve the nutritional and functional properties by overcoming these challenges. CBPs exhibit nutritional and functional attributes that are similar to those of other widely used plant-based protein sources. Thus, CBPs have considerable potential for use as ingredients in food, pharmaceutical, and other products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Hadidi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Samuel Rodriguez Garcia
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Dimitrios Ziogkas
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | | | - Andres Moreno
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
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25
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Flores-Contreras EA, Araújo RG, Rodríguez-Aguayo AA, Guzmán-Román M, García-Venegas JC, Nájera-Martínez EF, Sosa-Hernández JE, Iqbal HMN, Melchor-Martínez EM, Parra-Saldivar R. Polysaccharides from the Sargassum and Brown Algae Genus: Extraction, Purification, and Their Potential Therapeutic Applications. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:2445. [PMID: 37447006 DOI: 10.3390/plants12132445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Brown macroalgae represent one of the most proliferative groups of living organisms in aquatic environments. Due to their abundance, they often cause problems in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, resulting in health problems in humans and the death of various aquatic species. To resolve this, the application of Sargassum has been sought in different research areas, such as food, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics, since Sargassum is an easy target for study and simple to obtain. In addition, its high content of biocompounds, such as polysaccharides, phenols, and amino acids, among others, has attracted attention. One of the valuable components of brown macroalgae is their polysaccharides, which present interesting bioactivities, such as antiviral, antimicrobial, and antitumoral, among others. There is a wide variety of methods of extraction currently used to obtain these polysaccharides, such as supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), pressurized liquid extraction (PLE), subcritical water extraction (SCWE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE), and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE). Therefore, this work covers the most current information on the methods of extraction, as well as the purification used to obtain a polysaccharide from Sargassum that is able to be utilized as alginates, fucoidans, and laminarins. In addition, a compilation of bioactivities involving brown algae polysaccharides in in vivo and in vitro studies is also presented, along with challenges in the research and marketing of Sargassum-based products that are commercially available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elda A Flores-Contreras
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | - Rafael G Araújo
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | | | - Muriel Guzmán-Román
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | | | - Erik Francisco Nájera-Martínez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | - Juan Eduardo Sosa-Hernández
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | - Hafiz M N Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | - Elda M Melchor-Martínez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | - Roberto Parra-Saldivar
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
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26
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Zheng H, Sun Y, Zeng Y, Zheng T, Jia F, Xu P, Xu Y, Cao Y, He K, Yang Y. Effects of Four Extraction Methods on Structure and In Vitro Fermentation Characteristics of Soluble Dietary Fiber from Rape Bee Pollen. Molecules 2023; 28:4800. [PMID: 37375355 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, soluble dietary fibers (SDFs) were extracted from rape bee pollen using four methods including acid extraction (AC), alkali extraction (AL), cellulase extraction (CL) and complex enzyme extraction (CE). The effects of different extraction methods on the structure of SDFs and in vitro fermentation characteristics were further investigated. The results showed that the four extraction methods significantly affected the monosaccharide composition molar ratio, molecular weight, surface microstructure and phenolic compounds content, but showed little effect on the typical functional groups and crystal structure. In addition, all SDFs decreased the Firmicutes/Bacteroidota ratio, promoted the growth of beneficial bacteria such as Bacteroides, Parabacteroides and Phascolarctobacterium, inhibited the growth of pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia-Shigella, and increased the total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) concentrations by 1.63-2.45 times, suggesting that the bee pollen SDFs had a positive regulation on gut microbiota. Notably, the SDF obtained by CE exhibited the largest molecular weight, a relatively loose structure, higher extraction yield and phenolic compounds content and the highest SCFA concentration. Overall, our results indicated that CE was an appropriate extraction method of high-quality bee pollen SDF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zheng
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Yan Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Yiqiong Zeng
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Tao Zheng
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Fan Jia
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Pan Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Yao Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Yuxin Cao
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Kai He
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, China
| | - Yong Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410000, China
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27
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Jing Y, Yan M, Zhang H, Liu D, Qiu X, Hu B, Zhang D, Zheng Y, Wu L. Effects of Extraction Methods on the Physicochemical Properties and Biological Activities of Polysaccharides from Polygonatum sibiricum. Foods 2023; 12:foods12102088. [PMID: 37238906 DOI: 10.3390/foods12102088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharides (PSPs) have important biological functions, such as antioxidation, immunomodulatory, and hypolipidemic functions. Different extraction methods have effects on their structures and activities. In this study, six extraction methods, including hot water extraction (HWE), alkali extraction (AAE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), and freeze-thaw-assisted extraction (FAE) were used to extract PSPs, and their structure-activity relationships were analyzed. The results showed that all six PSPs had similar functional group compositions, thermal stability, and glycosidic bond compositions. PSP-As (PSPs extracted by AAE) exhibited better rheological properties due to their higher molecular weight (Mw). PSP-Es (PSPs extracted by EAE) and PSP-Fs (PSPs extracted by FAE) had better lipid-lowering activity due to their lower Mw. PSP-Es and PSP-Ms (PSPs extracted by MAE), which do not contain uronic acid and have a moderate Mw, had better 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)-radical-scavenging activity. On the contrary, PSP-Hs (PSPs extracted by HWE) and PSP-Fs, with the Mw of uronic acid, had the best OH-radical-scavenging activity. The high-Mw PSP-As had the best Fe2+-chelating ability. In addition, mannose (Man) may play an important role in the immunomodulatory activity. These results indicate that different extraction methods affect the structure and biological activity of polysaccharides to varying degrees, and these results are helpful for understanding the structure-activity relationship of PSPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongshuai Jing
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, 26 Yuxiang Street, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Meng Yan
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, 26 Yuxiang Street, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, 26 Yuxiang Street, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Dongbo Liu
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, 26 Yuxiang Street, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Xiaoyue Qiu
- College of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, 3 Xingyuan Road, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
| | - Beibei Hu
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, 26 Yuxiang Street, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Danshen Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, 26 Yuxiang Street, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Yuguang Zheng
- College of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, 3 Xingyuan Road, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
| | - Lanfang Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, 3 Xingyuan Road, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
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Leonarski E, Kuasnei M, Cesca K, Oliveira DD, Zielinski AAF. Black rice and its by-products: anthocyanin-rich extracts and their biological potential. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-19. [PMID: 37194647 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2211169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Recently, growing demand for products enriched with natural compounds that support human health has been observed. Black rice, its by-products, and residues are known to have in their composition a large amount of these compounds with biological potential, mainly anthocyanins. These compounds have reported effects on anti-obesity, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, anticancer, neuroprotective, and cardiovascular disease. Therefore, the extract from black rice or its by-products have great potential for application as ingredients in functional foods, supplements, or pharmacological formulations. This overview summarizes the methods employed for the extraction of anthocyanins from both black rice and its by-products. In addition, trends in applications of these extracts are also evaluated regarding their biological potential. Commonly, the extraction methods used to recover anthocyanins are conventional (maceration) and some emerging technologies (Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction - UAE, and Microwave-Assisted Extraction - MAE). Anthocyanin-rich extracts from black rice have presented a biological potential for human health. In vitro and in vivo assays (in mice) showed these compounds mainly with anti-cancer properties. However, more clinical trials are still needed to prove these potential biological effects. Extracts from black rice and its by-products have great potential in applying functional products with beneficial characteristics to humans and reducing agro-industrial residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Leonarski
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Mayara Kuasnei
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Karina Cesca
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Débora de Oliveira
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Acácio A F Zielinski
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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Ciuca MD, Racovita RC. Curcumin: Overview of Extraction Methods, Health Benefits, and Encapsulation and Delivery Using Microemulsions and Nanoemulsions. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108874. [PMID: 37240220 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Curcumin is the principal curcuminoid found in the rhizomes of turmeric. Due to its therapeutic action against cancer, depression, diabetes, some bacteria, and oxidative stress, it has been used widely in medicine since ancient times. Due to its low solubility, the human organism cannot completely absorb it. Advanced extraction technologies, followed by encapsulation in microemulsion and nanoemulsion systems, are currently being used to improve bioavailability. This review discusses the different methods available for curcumin extraction from plant material, methods for the identification of curcumin in the resulting extracts, its beneficial effects on human health, and the encapsulation techniques into small colloidal systems that have been used over the past decade to deliver this compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria D Ciuca
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu St., District 1, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Radu C Racovita
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu St., District 1, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
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Fernandes R, Campos J, Serra M, Fidalgo J, Almeida H, Casas A, Toubarro D, Barros AIRNA. Exploring the Benefits of Phycocyanin: From Spirulina Cultivation to Its Widespread Applications. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16040592. [PMID: 37111349 PMCID: PMC10144176 DOI: 10.3390/ph16040592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Large-scale production of microalgae and their bioactive compounds has steadily increased in response to global demand for natural compounds. Spirulina, in particular, has been used due to its high nutritional value, especially its high protein content. Promising biological functions have been associated with Spirulina extracts, mainly related to its high value added blue pigment, phycocyanin. Phycocyanin is used in several industries such as food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals, which increases its market value. Due to the worldwide interest and the need to replace synthetic compounds with natural ones, efforts have been made to optimize large-scale production processes and maintain phycocyanin stability, which is a highly unstable protein. The aim of this review is to update the scientific knowledge on phycocyanin applications and to describe the reported production, extraction, and purification methods, including the main physical and chemical parameters that may affect the purity, recovery, and stability of phycocyanin. By implementing different techniques such as complete cell disruption, extraction at temperatures below 45 °C and a pH of 5.5-6.0, purification through ammonium sulfate, and filtration and chromatography, both the purity and stability of phycocyanin have been significantly improved. Moreover, the use of saccharides, crosslinkers, or natural polymers as preservatives has contributed to the increased market value of phycocyanin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Fernandes
- Mesosystem, Rua da Igreja Velha 295, 4410-160 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - Joana Campos
- Mesosystem, Rua da Igreja Velha 295, 4410-160 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - Mónica Serra
- Mesosystem, Rua da Igreja Velha 295, 4410-160 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - Javier Fidalgo
- Mesosystem, Rua da Igreja Velha 295, 4410-160 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - Hugo Almeida
- Mesosystem, Rua da Igreja Velha 295, 4410-160 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
- UCIBIO (Research Unit on Applied Molecular Biosciences), REQUIMTE (Rede de Química e Tecnologia), MEDTECH (Medicines and Healthcare Products), Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Casas
- Mesosystem, Rua da Igreja Velha 295, 4410-160 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - Duarte Toubarro
- CBA and Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Azores, Rua Mãe de Deus No 13, 9500-321 Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - Ana I R N A Barros
- Mesosystem, Rua da Igreja Velha 295, 4410-160 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
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Zhang Y, Liu J, Guan L, Fan D, Xia F, Wang A, Bao Y, Xu Y. By-Products of Zea mays L.: A Promising Source of Medicinal Properties with Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Activities: A Comprehensive Review. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202200940. [PMID: 36721262 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Zea mays (Z. mays) is one of the main cereal crops in the world, and it's by-products have exhibited medicinal properties to explore. This article intends to review the chemical compositions and pharmacological activities of by-products of Z. mays (corn silks, roots, bract, stems, bran, and leaves) which support the therapeutic potential in the treatment of different diseases, with emphasis on the natural occurring compounds and detailed pharmacological developments. Based on this review, 231 natural compounds are presented. Among them, flavonoids, terpenes, phenylpropanoids, and alkaloids are the most frequently reported. The by-products of Z. mays possess diuretic effects, hepatoprotective, anti-diabetic, antioxidant, neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, plant protection activity, and other activities. This article reviewed the phytochemistry and pharmacological activities of Z. mays for comprehensive quality control and the safety and effectiveness to enhance future application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunqiang Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Jianyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, P. R. China
| | - Lu Guan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Dongxue Fan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Feiruo Xia
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Andong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P. R. China
| | - Ying Bao
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, P. R. China
| | - Yongnan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, P. R. China
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Furlan V, Bren U. Helichrysum italicum: From Extraction, Distillation, and Encapsulation Techniques to Beneficial Health Effects. Foods 2023; 12:foods12040802. [PMID: 36832877 PMCID: PMC9957194 DOI: 10.3390/foods12040802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Helichrysum italicum (family Asteraceae), due to its various beneficial health effects, represents an important plant in the traditional medicine of Mediterranean countries. Currently, there is a renewed interest in this medicinal plant, especially in investigations involving the isolation and identification of its bioactive compounds from extracts and essential oils, as well as in experimental validation of their pharmacological activities. In this paper, we review the current knowledge on the beneficial health effects of Helichrysum italicum extracts, essential oils, and their major bioactive polyphenolic compounds, ranging from antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anticarcinogenic activities to their antiviral, antimicrobial, insecticidal, and antiparasitic effects. This review also provides an overview of the most promising extraction and distillation techniques for obtaining high-quality extracts and essential oils from Helichrysum italicum, as well as methods for determining their antioxidative, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and anticarcinogenic activities. Finally, new ideas for in silico studies of molecular mechanisms of bioactive polyphenols from Helichrysum italicum, together with novel suggestions for their improved bioavailability through diverse encapsulation techniques, are introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Furlan
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Urban Bren
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia
- Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, University of Primorska, Glagoljaška 8, SI-6000 Koper, Slovenia
- Institute of Environmental Protection and Sensors, Beloruska Ulica 7, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia
- Correspondence:
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Yaman H, Aykas DP, Rodriguez-Saona LE. Monitoring Turkish white cheese ripening by portable FT-IR spectroscopy. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1107491. [PMID: 36814504 PMCID: PMC9940898 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1107491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The biochemical metabolism during cheese ripening plays an active role in producing amino acids, organic acids, and fatty acids. Our objective was to evaluate the unique fingerprint-like infrared spectra of the soluble fractions in different solvents (water-based, methanol, and ethanol) of Turkish white cheese for rapid monitoring of cheese composition during ripening. Turkish white cheese samples were produced in a pilot plant scale using a mesophilic culture (Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis, Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris), ripened for 100 days and samples were collected at 20-day intervals for analysis. Three extraction solvents (water, methanol, and ethanol) were selected to obtain soluble cheese fractions. Reference methods included gas chromatography (amino acids and fatty acid profiles), and liquid chromatography (organic acids) were used to obtain the reference results. FT-IR spectra were correlated with chromatographic data using pattern recognition analysis to develop regression and classification predictive models. All models showed a good fit (RPre ≥ 0.91) for predicting the target compounds during cheese ripening. Individual free fatty acids were predicted better in ethanol extracts (0.99 ≥ RPre ≥ 0.93, 1.95 ≥ SEP ≥ 0.38), while organic acids (0.98 ≥ RPre ≥ 0.97, 10.51 ≥ SEP ≥ 0.57) and total free amino acids (RPre = 0.99, SEP = 0.0037) were predicted better by using water-based extracts. Moreover, cheese compounds extracted with methanol provided the best SIMCA classification results in discriminating the different stages of cheese ripening. By using a simple methanolic extraction and collecting spectra with a portable FT-IR device provided a fast, simple, and cost-effective technique to monitor the ripening of white cheese and predict the levels of key compounds that play an important role in the biochemical metabolism of Turkish white cheese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hulya Yaman
- Department of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States,Department of Food Processing, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Türkiye
| | - Didem P. Aykas
- Department of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States,Department of Food Engineering, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Türkiye
| | - Luis E. Rodriguez-Saona
- Department of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States,*Correspondence: Luis E. Rodriguez-Saona,
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Bruno A, Velders AH, Biasone A, Li Vigni M, Mondelli D, Miano T. Chemical Composition, Biomolecular Analysis, and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Fingerprinting of Posidonia oceanica and Ascophyllum nodosum Extracts. Metabolites 2023; 13. [PMID: 36837789 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13020170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
A detailed analysis of the elemental and molecular composition of Posidonia oceanica (PO) and Ascophyllum nodosum (AN) is presented. In particular, an in-depth study of the molecular identification via NMR spectroscopy of aqueous and organic extracts of PO and AN was carried out, exploiting 2D COSY and pseudo-2D DOSY data to aid in the assignment of peaks in complex 1D proton NMR spectra. Many metabolites were identified, such as carbohydrates, amino acids, organic acids, fatty acids, and polyphenols, with NMR complementing the characterization of the two species by standard elemental analysis, HPLC analysis, and colorimetric testing. For PO, different parts of the live plant (roots, rhizomes, and leaves) were analysed, as well as the residues of the dead plant which typically deposit along the coasts. The combination of the various studies made it possible to recognize bioactive compounds naturally present in the two plant species and, in particular, in the PO residues, opening the door for their possible recycling and use in, for example, fertilizer. Furthermore, NMR is proven to be a powerful tool for the metabolomic study of plant species as it allows for the direct identification of specific biomarkers as well as providing a molecular fingerprint of the plant variety.
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Pagani S, Maglio M, Sicuro L, Fini M, Giavaresi G, Brogini S. RNA Extraction from Cartilage: Issues, Methods, Tips. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24. [PMID: 36768444 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The increase in degenerative diseases involving articular cartilage has pushed research to focus on their pathogenesis and treatment, exploiting increasingly complex techniques. Gene expression analyses from tissue are representative of the in vivo situation, but the protocols to be applied to obtain a reliable analysis are not completely cleared through customs. Thus, RNA extraction from fresh samples and specifically from musculoskeletal tissue such as cartilage is still a challenging issue. The aim of the review is to provide an overview of the techniques described in the literature for RNA extraction, highlighting limits and possibilities. The research retrieved 65 papers suitable for the purposes. The results highlighted the great difficulty in comparing the different studies, both for the sources of tissue used and for the techniques employed, as well as the details about protocols. Few papers compared different RNA extraction methods or homogenization techniques; the case study reported by authors about RNA extraction from sheep cartilage has not found an analog in the literature, confirming the existence of a relevant blank on studies about RNA extraction from cartilage tissue. However, the state of the art depicted can be used as a starting point to improve and expand studies on this topic.
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Kumar A, P N, Kumar M, Jose A, Tomer V, Oz E, Proestos C, Zeng M, Elobeid T, K S, Oz F. Major Phytochemicals: Recent Advances in Health Benefits and Extraction Method. Molecules 2023; 28:887. [PMID: 36677944 PMCID: PMC9862941 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent scientific studies have established a relationship between the consumption of phytochemicals such as carotenoids, polyphenols, isoprenoids, phytosterols, saponins, dietary fibers, polysaccharides, etc., with health benefits such as prevention of diabetes, obesity, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, etc. This has led to the popularization of phytochemicals. Nowadays, foods containing phytochemicals as a constituent (functional foods) and the concentrated form of phytochemicals (nutraceuticals) are used as a preventive measure or cure for many diseases. The health benefits of these phytochemicals depend on their purity and structural stability. The yield, purity, and structural stability of extracted phytochemicals depend on the matrix in which the phytochemical is present, the method of extraction, the solvent used, the temperature, and the time of extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwani Kumar
- Department of Postharvest Technology, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural University, Jhansi 284003, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nirmal P
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Mukul Kumar
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Anina Jose
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Vidisha Tomer
- VIT School of Agricultural Innovations and Advanced Learning, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Emel Oz
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
| | - Charalampos Proestos
- Food Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Zographou, 157 84 Athens, Greece
| | - Maomao Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Tahra Elobeid
- Human Nutrition Department, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Sneha K
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Fatih Oz
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
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Montero L, Ballesteros-Vivas D, Gonzalez-Barrios AF, Sánchez-Camargo ADP. Hemp seeds: Nutritional value, associated bioactivities and the potential food applications in the Colombian context. Front Nutr 2023; 9:1039180. [PMID: 36712539 PMCID: PMC9875026 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1039180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
For many years, Colombia was one of the countries with the largest illegal cultivation of cannabis around the world. Currently, it is going through a period of transition with a new government law that recently allows the cultivation, transformation, and commercialization of such plant species. In this sense, the identification of strategies for the valorization of products or by-products from Cannabis sativa represent a great opportunity to improve the value chain of this crop. One of these products is hemp seeds, which are exceptionally nutritious and rich in healthy lipids (with high content of three polyunsaturated fatty acids: linoleic acid, alpha-linolenic acid, and gamma-linolenic acid), good quality protein, and several minerals. In addition, hemp seeds contain THC (tetrahydrocannabinol) or CBD (cannabidiol) in traces, molecules that are responsible for the psychoactive and therapeutic properties of cannabis. These low terpenophenolic contents make it more attractive for food applications. This fact, together with the constant search for proteins of vegetable origin and natural food ingredients, have aroused an important interest in the study of this biomass. Some bioactivities of phytochemical compounds (polyphenols and terpenoids, mainly) present in hemp seeds have provided antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties. This review summarizes and discusses the context of hemp use in Latin-American and the new opportunities for hemp seeds culture in Colombia considering the valuable nutritional value, main functional bioactivities, and recent advances in food market applications of hemp seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Montero
- Applied Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany,Teaching and Research Center for Separation, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Diego Ballesteros-Vivas
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Andrés Fernando Gonzalez-Barrios
- Grupo de Diseño de Productos y Procesos (GDPP), Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Andrea del Pilar Sánchez-Camargo
- Grupo de Diseño de Productos y Procesos (GDPP), Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia,*Correspondence: Andrea del Pilar Sánchez-Camargo ✉
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Luo L, Xue J, Shao Z, Zhou Z, Tang W, Liu J, Hu H, Yang F. Recent developments in Salvia miltiorrhiza polysaccharides: Isolation, purification, structural characteristics and biological activities. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1139201. [PMID: 36937857 PMCID: PMC10020221 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1139201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, natural polysaccharides have attracted more and more attention and research because of their value in the medicine, beauty and food fields. Salvia miltiorrhiza is a traditional Chinese herb that has been used for thousands of years and has antidiabetic, antifibrotic, neuroprotective, antioxidation, anti-inflammatory and other effects. It mainly includes rosmarinic acid, tanshinone I, tanshinone IIA, tanshinone IIB, procatechualdehyde, polysaccharide and salvianolic acids. Salvia miltiorrhiza polysaccharide is a polysaccharide extracted and isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza and has diverse biological functions, including antioxidation, anti-tumor, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, immune regulatory and cardioprotective effect. In this review, the extraction, purification, structural characterization and biological activity of SMPs are summarized and new perspectives for the future work of SMPs were also proposed, we hope our research can provide a reference for further research on SMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Luo
- Department of Health Management Center, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Juan Xue
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuhan, China
- School of Clinical Medical, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Zheng Shao
- Department of Health Management Center, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhang Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenqian Tang
- Department of Health Management Center, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinxin Liu
- School of Clinical Medical, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongfei Hu
- School of Clinical Medical, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Health Management Center, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Fan Yang,
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Narayanan MV, Rasane P, Singh J, Kaur S, Avinashe H, Gunjal M, Kaur J, Bhadariya V. Beetroot Bioactive and its Associated Health Benefits: Considerations for Utilization of Beetroot in Value-added Products. Recent Adv Food Nutr Agric 2023; 14:155-166. [PMID: 37990613 DOI: 10.2174/2772574x14666230725110541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Beetroot is a remarkable source of nutrients needed for the improvement of human health. This paper presents a general overview of beetroot, its bioactive compounds, and its valorization. OBJECTIVE The study aimed to understand and review the various beetroot bioactive compounds and their utilization in value-added products. METHODS The findings and data provided in this review are based on the available research investigations and authorized articles. RESULT Beetroot is a reliable source of a cluster of bioactive compounds, such as betalains, ascorbic acid, phenolic compounds, carotenoids, and nitrates, which have brought it into the spotlight for the preparation of various value-added products for daily consumption for better health. These beneficial compounds show a wide range of health benefits, such as antiinflammatory activity, anti-oxidant activity, anti-anemic activity, and cancer chemopreventive activity. CONCLUSION This paper has reviewed the studies focused on the utilization of beetroot concerning its varied composition of nutraceutical components. This review briefly accounts for the different bioactive compound extraction methods that are immensely helpful in the food and health industries. The advantages and disadvantages of these extractions are also taken into consideration. There is a wide range of value-added products currently in the market that are generated from the addition of beetroot for the improvement of nutritional as well as sensory attributes of the final products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghana Valiyarayil Narayanan
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Prasad Rasane
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Jyoti Singh
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Sawinder Kaur
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Harshal Avinashe
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Mahendra Gunjal
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Jaspreet Kaur
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Vishesh Bhadariya
- School of Chemical Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK-74078, USA
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Sugier D, Sugier P, Jakubowicz-Gil J, Gawlik-Dziki U, Zając A, Król B, Chmiel S, Kończak M, Pięt M, Paduch R. Nitrogen Fertilization and Solvents as Factors Modifying the Antioxidant and Anticancer Potential of Arnica montana L. Flower Head Extracts. Plants (Basel) 2022; 12:142. [PMID: 36616270 PMCID: PMC9824058 DOI: 10.3390/plants12010142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Arnica montana L. is one of Europe's endemic endangered medicinal plants, with diverse biological activities commonly used in medicine, pharmacy, and cosmetics. Its flower heads are a rich source of raw material, with antibacterial, antifungal, antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, antiradical, antioxidant, and antitumor properties. The objective of the present study was (i) to characterize the chemical composition of flower heads of A. montana plants cultivated under nitrogen fertilization, (ii) to identify the impact of the nitrogen fertilization and extraction method (water, ethanol) on the antioxidant activity of extracts, and (iii) to determine the role of different nitrogen doses applied during plant cultivation and different extraction methods in the anticancer activity of the extracts through analysis of apoptosis and autophagy induction in HT29, HeLa, and SW620 cell lines. The present study shows that nitrogen is a crucial determinant of the chemical composition of arnica flower heads and the antioxidant and anticancer activity of the analyzed extracts. Nitrogen fertilization can modify the composition of pharmacologically active substances (sesquiterpene lactones, flavonoids, essential oil) in Arnicae flos. The content of sesquiterpene lactones, flavonoids, and essential oil increased with the increase in the nitrogen doses to 60 kg N ha-1 by 0.66%, 1.45%, and 0.27%, respectively. A further increase in the nitrogen dose resulted in a decrease in the content of the analyzed secondary metabolites. Varied levels of nitrogen application can be regarded as a relevant way to modify the chemical composition of arnica flower heads and to increase the anticancer activity, which was confirmed by the increase in the level of apoptosis with the increase in fertilization to a level of 60 kg N ha-1. The fertilization of arnica plants with low doses of nitrogen (30 and 60 kg N ha-1) significantly increased the LOX inhibition ability of the ethanol extracts. The present study is the first report on the anticancer activity of A. montana water extracts, with emphasis on the role of water as a solvent. In further studies of factors modifying the quality of Arnicae flos, attention should be paid to the simultaneous use of nitrogen and other microelements to achieve synergistic results and to the possibility of a more frequent use of water as a solvent in studies on the biological activity of A. montana extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danuta Sugier
- Department of Industrial and Medicinal Plants, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 15 Akademicka Street, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Piotr Sugier
- Department of Botany, Mycology and Ecology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 19 Akademicka Street, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
| | - Joanna Jakubowicz-Gil
- Department of Functional Anatomy and Cytobiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 19 Akademicka Street, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
| | - Urszula Gawlik-Dziki
- Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 8 Skromna Street, 20-704 Lublin, Poland
| | - Adrian Zając
- Department of Functional Anatomy and Cytobiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 19 Akademicka Street, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
| | - Beata Król
- Department of Industrial and Medicinal Plants, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 15 Akademicka Street, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Stanisław Chmiel
- Department of Hydrology and Climatology, Institute of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Kraśnicka Av. 2d, 20-718 Lublin, Poland
| | - Magdalena Kończak
- Institute of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Kraśnicka Av. 2d, 20-718 Lublin, Poland
| | - Mateusz Pięt
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, 19 Akademicka Street, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
| | - Roman Paduch
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, 19 Akademicka Street, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
- Department of General and Pediatric Ophthalmology, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chmielna Street, 20-079 Lublin, Poland
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Peng Q, Zhang Y, Zhu M, Bao F, Deng J, Li W. Polymethoxyflavones from citrus peel: advances in extraction methods, biological properties, and potential applications. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022:1-13. [PMID: 36530054 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2156476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Citrus peel, as an effective component of citrus by-products, contains a large number of natural active components, including pectin, vitamins, dietary fiber, essential oil, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and so on. With the development of the circular economy, citrus peel has attracted extensive concern in the food industry. The exploitation of citrus peel would assist in excavating potential properties and alleviating the environmental burden. Polymethoxyflavones (PMFs) exist almost in citrus peel, which have remarkable biological activities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and anti-obesity. Therefore, PMFs from citrus peel have the potential to develop as dietary supplements in the near future. Collectively, it is essential to take action to optimize the extraction conditions of PMFs and make the most of the extracts. This review mainly compiles several extraction methods and bioactivities of PMFs from citrus peel and introduces different applications including food processing, pharmaceutical industry, and plant rhizosphere to develop better utilization of citrus PMFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Peng
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Mingxuan Zhu
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Feng Bao
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Deng
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance, and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wen Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance, and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Tileuberdi N, Turgumbayeva A, Yeskaliyeva B, Sarsenova L, Issayeva R. Extraction, Isolation of Bioactive Compounds and Therapeutic Potential of Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). Molecules 2022; 27. [PMID: 36557956 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) is a herbaceous annual plant of the Cruciferous family, the Cabbage genus. This oilseed crop is widely used in many areas of industry and agriculture. High-quality oil obtained from rapeseed can be found in many industrial food products. To date, extracts with a high content of biologically active substances are obtained from rapeseed using modern extraction methods. Brassica napus L. seeds contain polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fatty acids, carotenoids, phytosterols, flavonoids, vitamins, glucosinolates and microelements. The data in this review show that rapeseed biocompounds have therapeutic effects in the treatment of various types of diseases. Some studies indicate that rapeseed can be used as an anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiviral, hypoglycemic and anticancer agent. In the pharmaceutical industry, using rapeseed as an active ingredient may help to develop new forms drugs with wide range of therapeutic effects. This review focuses on aspects of the extraction of biocompounds from rapeseed and the study of its pharmacological properties.
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Pinna N, Ianni F, Blasi F, Stefani A, Codini M, Sabatini S, Schoubben A, Cossignani L. Unconventional Extraction of Total Non-Polar Carotenoids from Pumpkin Pulp and Their Nanoencapsulation. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27238240. [PMID: 36500333 PMCID: PMC9736262 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Pumpkin is considered a functional food with beneficial effects on human health due to the presence of interesting bioactives. In this research, the impact of unconventional ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and microwave-assisted extraction techniques on the recovery of total non-polar carotenoids from Cucurbita moschata pulp was investigated. A binary (hexane:isopropanol, 60:40 v/v) and a ternary (hexane:acetone:ethanol, 50:25:25 v/v/v) mixture were tested. The extracts were characterized for their antioxidant properties by in vitro assays, while the carotenoid profiling was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a diode array detector. UAE with the binary mixture (30 min, 45 °C) was the most successful extracting technique, taking into consideration all analytical data and their correlations. In parallel, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) were optimized for the encapsulation of the extract, using β-carotene as a reference compound. SLN, loaded with up to 1% β-carotene, had dimensions (~350 nm) compatible with increased intestinal absorption. Additionally, the ABTS ((2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) assay showed that the technological process did not change the antioxidant capacity of β-carotene. These SLN will be used to load an even higher percentage of the extract without affecting their dimensions due to its liquid nature and higher miscibility with the lipid with respect to the solid β-carotene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Pinna
- Section of Food Sciences and Nutrition, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Federica Ianni
- Section of Food Sciences and Nutrition, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Francesca Blasi
- Section of Food Sciences and Nutrition, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
- Correspondence: (F.B.); (A.S.); Tel.: +39-075-585-7954 (F.B.); +39-075-585-2057 (A.S.)
| | - Arianna Stefani
- Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Michela Codini
- Section of Food Sciences and Nutrition, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Stefano Sabatini
- Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Aurélie Schoubben
- Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy
- Correspondence: (F.B.); (A.S.); Tel.: +39-075-585-7954 (F.B.); +39-075-585-2057 (A.S.)
| | - Lina Cossignani
- Section of Food Sciences and Nutrition, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
- Center for Perinatal and Reproductive Medicine, Santa Maria della Misericordia University Hospital, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
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Zhu Y, Feng X, Guo J, Wang L, Guo X, Zhu X. A review of extraction, purification, structural properties and biological activities of legumes polysaccharides. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1021448. [PMID: 36276828 PMCID: PMC9581318 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1021448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, polysaccharides derived from legumes polysaccharides have aroused worldwide interests. Phytochemical and pharmacological studies have studied the physicochemical properties (emulsification, stability and foaming) and demonstrated the biological activities (immune regulation, anti-oxidation, anti-tumor, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic and intestinal flora regulation) of legumes polysaccharides. Besides, it is reported that the extraction methods will affect the structural features of polysaccharides, thus further changing their physicochemical properties and biological activities. This review appraised the available literatures described the extraction, purification, structural characterization, biological activity and functional properties of legumes polysaccharides in recent years. It can provide useful research underpinnings and updated information for the development and application of related polysaccharides in functional food and medicinal field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Zhu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cold Chain Food Quality and Safety Control, College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Production and Safety, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xuewei Feng
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cold Chain Food Quality and Safety Control, College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Production and Safety, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jianhang Guo
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cold Chain Food Quality and Safety Control, College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Production and Safety, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China,*Correspondence: Li Wang
| | - Xudan Guo
- Basic Medical College, Hebei Higher Education Institute Applied Technology Research Center on TCM Formula Preparation, Hebei TCM Formula Preparation Technology Innovation Center, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China,Xudan Guo
| | - Xiangzhen Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China,Xiangzhen Zhu
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Mustafa AM, Abouelenein D, Angeloni S, Maggi F, Navarini L, Sagratini G, Santanatoglia A, Torregiani E, Vittori S, Caprioli G. A New HPLC-MS/MS Method for the Simultaneous Determination of Quercetin and Its Derivatives in Green Coffee Beans. Foods 2022; 11:foods11193033. [PMID: 36230109 PMCID: PMC9563038 DOI: 10.3390/foods11193033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Green coffee (Coffee arabica and Coffee robusta) is one of the most commonly traded goods globally. Their beans are enriched with polyphenols and numerous health benefits are associated with their consumption. The main aim of this work was to develop a new and fast analytical HPLC-MS/MS method to simultaneously determine six flavonoid polyphenolic compounds (quercetin, rutin, isorhamnetin, quercetin-3-glucouronide, hyperoside, and quercitrin) in 22 green coffee samples from six different geographical origins (Ethiopia, Brazil, Guatemala, Nicaragua, India and Colombia). In addition, by adjusting pH, temperature, solvent type, and extraction duration, several extraction methods such as acidic and alkaline hydrolysis, and extraction without hydrolysis were evaluated. The optimal extraction procedure in terms of recovery percentages (78.67–94.09%)was acidic hydrolysis at pH 2, extraction temperature of 60 °C, extraction solvent of 70% ethanol, and extraction duration of 1.5 h. Hyperoside (878–75 μg/kg) was the most abundant compound followed by quercitrin (408–38 μg/kg), quercetin (300–36 μg/kg), rutin (238–21 μg/kg), and quercetin-3-glucouronide (225–7 μg/kg), while isorhamnetin (34–3 μg/kg) showed the lowest amount. Overall, green coffee beans are rich in flavonoid polyphenolic compounds and could be used as part of a healthy diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M. Mustafa
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Sant’Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Doaa Abouelenein
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Sant’Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Simone Angeloni
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Sant’Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Filippo Maggi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Sant’Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | | | - Gianni Sagratini
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Sant’Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Agnese Santanatoglia
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Sant’Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Torregiani
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Sant’Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Sauro Vittori
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Sant’Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Giovanni Caprioli
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Sant’Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
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Kapadia P, Newell AS, Cunningham J, Roberts MR, Hardy JG. Extraction of High-Value Chemicals from Plants for Technical and Medical Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23. [PMID: 36142238 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants produce a variety of high-value chemicals (e.g., secondary metabolites) which have a plethora of biological activities, which may be utilised in many facets of industry (e.g., agrisciences, cosmetics, drugs, neutraceuticals, household products, etc.). Exposure to various different environments, as well as their treatment (e.g., exposure to chemicals), can influence the chemical makeup of these plants and, in turn, which chemicals will be prevalent within them. Essential oils (EOs) usually have complex compositions (>300 organic compounds, e.g., alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic acids, saponins and terpenes) and are obtained from botanically defined plant raw materials by dry/steam distillation or a suitable mechanical process (without heating). In certain cases, an antioxidant may be added to the EO (EOs are produced by more than 17,500 species of plants, but only ca. 250 EOs are commercially available). The interesting bioactivity of the chemicals produced by plants renders them high in value, motivating investment in their production, extraction and analysis. Traditional methods for effectively extracting plant-derived biomolecules include cold pressing and hydro/steam distillation; newer methods include solvent/Soxhlet extractions and sustainable processes that reduce waste, decrease processing times and deliver competitive yields, examples of which include microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), subcritical water extraction (SWE) and supercritical CO2 extraction (scCO2). Once extracted, analytical techniques such as chromatography and mass spectrometry may be used to analyse the contents of the high-value extracts within a given feedstock. The bioactive components, which can be used in a variety of formulations and products (e.g., displaying anti-aging, antibacterial, anticancer, anti-depressive, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiparasitic, antiviral and anti-stress properties), are biorenewable high-value chemicals.
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Wu Z, Qin D, Li H, Guo D, Cheng H, Sun J, Huang M, Ye X, Sun B. Physicochemical and functional properties of Lycium ruthenicum pectin by different extraction methods. Front Nutr 2022; 9:946606. [PMID: 36017218 PMCID: PMC9395692 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.946606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Three different extraction methods were used to extract high-temperature water-extracted pectin (HWp), high-temperature acid-extracted pectin (HAp), and high-temperature alkali-extracted pectin (HALp) from Lycium ruthenicum. The physicochemical properties, structure, and functional properties of three different pectins were studied. The results showed that HWp and HALp can extract rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I) from L. ruthenicum better. Through structural feature analysis, HWp and HALp have a branched structure, and HWp has a higher degree of esterification than HAp and HALp. Zeta potential results show that HWp solution is more stable. The thermal analysis results show that the thermal stability is HALp > HAp > HWp. HWp has the highest viscosity. The inhibitory activity results showed that HWp, HAp, and HALp have a certain inhibitory effect on α-glucosidase activity. This study shows the effects of different extraction methods on the properties of L. ruthenicum pectin and aims to provide a theoretical basis for the pharmaceutical and food industries to choose more suitable pectin extraction methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyang Wu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Qin
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Hehe Li
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Dongqi Guo
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huan Cheng
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinyuan Sun
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Mingquan Huang
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Xingqian Ye
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Baoguo Sun
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
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48
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Zhang N, Yang B, Mao K, Liu Y, Chitrakar B, Wang X, Sang Y. Comparison of structural characteristics and bioactivity of Tricholoma mongolicum Imai polysaccharides from five extraction methods. Front Nutr 2022; 9:962584. [PMID: 35990341 PMCID: PMC9389156 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.962584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tricholoma mongolicum Imai is an edible fungus rich in various health-promoting compounds, such as polysaccharides, polypeptides, polyunsaturated fatty acids, etc., and among them, polysaccharides have gotten more attention in recent research trends. This study explored the extraction of polysaccharides from T. mongolicum Imai by five extraction methods, including hot water extraction, ultrasound extraction, enzyme-assisted extraction, 0.1 M HCL extraction, and 0.1 M NaOH extraction. The effects of these extraction methods on the yield, chemical structure, apparent morphology, and the antioxidant activities of Tricholoma mongolicum Imai polysaccharides (TMIPs) were investigated in this study. The data showed that 0.1 M NaOH extraction produced the highest extraction yield compared to the other extraction methods. The results of high-performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that different extraction methods had significant effects on the molecular weight and morphology of TMIPs. The results of Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis showed that the extraction methods had no significant difference in functional groups, crystal structure, and thermal stability of TMIPs. The antioxidant activity of TMIPs extracted by ultrasound extraction was more prominent among the five polysaccharides, which might be related to a large number of low-molecular-weight components in molecular weight distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Bing Yang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Kemin Mao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Yuwei Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Bimal Chitrakar
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Xianghong Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Yaxin Sang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
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Abourehab MAS, Rajendran RR, Singh A, Pramanik S, Shrivastav P, Ansari MJ, Manne R, Amaral LS, Deepak A. Alginate as a Promising Biopolymer in Drug Delivery and Wound Healing: A Review of the State-of-the-Art. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:9035. [PMID: 36012297 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Biopolymeric nanoparticulate systems hold favorable carrier properties for active delivery. The enhancement in the research interest in alginate formulations in biomedical and pharmaceutical research, owing to its biodegradable, biocompatible, and bioadhesive characteristics, reiterates its future use as an efficient drug delivery matrix. Alginates, obtained from natural sources, are the colloidal polysaccharide group, which are water-soluble, non-toxic, and non-irritant. These are linear copolymeric blocks of α-(1→4)-linked l-guluronic acid (G) and β-(1→4)-linked d-mannuronic acid (M) residues. Owing to the monosaccharide sequencing and the enzymatically governed reactions, alginates are well-known as an essential bio-polymer group for multifarious biomedical implementations. Additionally, alginate’s bio-adhesive property makes it significant in the pharmaceutical industry. Alginate has shown immense potential in wound healing and drug delivery applications to date because its gel-forming ability maintains the structural resemblance to the extracellular matrices in tissues and can be altered to perform numerous crucial functions. The initial section of this review will deliver a perception of the extraction source and alginate’s remarkable properties. Furthermore, we have aspired to discuss the current literature on alginate utilization as a biopolymeric carrier for drug delivery through numerous administration routes. Finally, the latest investigations on alginate composite utilization in wound healing are addressed.
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Gogna S, Kaur J, Sharma K, Prasad R, Singh J, Bhadariya V, Kumar P, Jarial S. Spirulina- An Edible Cyanobacterium with Potential Therapeutic Health Benefits and Toxicological Consequences. J Am Nutr Assoc 2022:1-14. [PMID: 35916491 DOI: 10.1080/27697061.2022.2103852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Spirulina is a blue-green algae which is cultivated not only for its maximum protein content but also due to the presence of other essential nutrients such as carbohydrates and vitamins (A, C and E). It is also a storehouse of minerals including iron, calcium, chromium, copper, magnesium, manganese, phosphorus, potassium, sodium and zinc. Simultaneously, γ- linolenic acid (an essential fatty acid), as well as pigments such as chlorophyll A and phycobiliproteins (C-phycocyanin, allophycocyanin and β-carotene), is also a major component of its rich nutritional profile. Spirulina is known to have various promising effects on the prevention of cancer, oxidative stress, obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and anemia. Moreover, it also plays a positive role in treating muscular cramps. The safety recommended dosage of Spirulina is approximately 3-10 g/d for adults and it's biological value (BV) is 75 with a net protein utilization (NPU) of 62. Spirulina does not have pericardium due to which it does not hinder the absorption of iron by chelation with phytates or oxalates. On the contrasting note, it may have some adverse effects due to the toxins (microcystins, β-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA)) produced by Spirulina which might contribute to acute poisoning, cancer, liver damage as well as gastrointestinal disturbances. Its long-term consumption may also lead to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. The current review focuses on the various aspects of spirulina including its cultivation, nutritional composition, extraction techniques, health benefits, adverse effects, industrial scope and market value which could be beneficial for its utilization in the development of value-added products and supplementary foods due to its high content of protein and bioavailability of nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simran Gogna
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Jaspreet Kaur
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Kartik Sharma
- International Center of Excellence in Seafood Science and Innovation (ICE-SSI), Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkla, Thailand
| | - Rasane Prasad
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Jyoti Singh
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Vishesh Bhadariya
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Physical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Prashant Kumar
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Physical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Sapna Jarial
- Department of Agricultural Economics & Extension, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
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