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Ito R, Mine Y, Yumisashi Y, Yoshioka R, Hamaoka M, Taji T, Murayama T, Nikawa H. In Vivo Efficacy of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus L8020 in a Mouse Model of Oral Candidiasis. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:jof7050322. [PMID: 33919079 PMCID: PMC8143095 DOI: 10.3390/jof7050322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral candidiasis presents with multiple clinical manifestations. Among known pathogenic Candida species, Candida albicans is the most virulent and acts as the main causative fungus of oral candidiasis. Novel treatment modalities are needed because of emergent drug resistance and frequent candidiasis recurrence. Here, we evaluated the ability of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus L8020, isolated from healthy and caries-free volunteers, to prevent against the onset of oral candidiasis in a mouse model. Mice were infected with C. albicans, in the presence or absence of L. rhamnosus L8020. The mice were treated with antibiotics and corticosteroid to disrupt the oral microbiota and induce immunosuppression. We demonstrated that oral consumption of L. rhamnosus L8020 by C. albicans-infected mice abolished the pseudomembranous region of the mouse tongue; it also suppressed changes in the expression levels of pattern recognition receptor and chemokine genes. Our results suggest that L. rhamnosus L8020 has protective or therapeutic potential against oral candidiasis, which supports the potential use of this probiotic strain for oral health management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rei Ito
- Department of Oral Biology & Engineering, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan; (R.I.); (Y.Y.); (M.H.); (T.T.); (H.N.)
| | - Yuichi Mine
- Department of Medical System Engineering, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan; (R.Y.); (T.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-82-257-5446
| | - Yoshie Yumisashi
- Department of Oral Biology & Engineering, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan; (R.I.); (Y.Y.); (M.H.); (T.T.); (H.N.)
| | - Reina Yoshioka
- Department of Medical System Engineering, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan; (R.Y.); (T.M.)
| | - Misa Hamaoka
- Department of Oral Biology & Engineering, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan; (R.I.); (Y.Y.); (M.H.); (T.T.); (H.N.)
| | - Tsuyoshi Taji
- Department of Oral Biology & Engineering, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan; (R.I.); (Y.Y.); (M.H.); (T.T.); (H.N.)
| | - Takeshi Murayama
- Department of Medical System Engineering, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan; (R.Y.); (T.M.)
| | - Hiroki Nikawa
- Department of Oral Biology & Engineering, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan; (R.I.); (Y.Y.); (M.H.); (T.T.); (H.N.)
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Kaur A, Kumar V, Singh S, Singh J, Upadhyay N, Datta S, Singla S, Kumar V. Toll-like receptor-associated keratitis and strategies for its management. 3 Biotech 2015; 5:611-619. [PMID: 28324534 PMCID: PMC4569616 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-015-0280-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Keratitis is an inflammatory condition, characterized by involvement of corneal tissues. Most recurrent challenge of keratitis is infection. Bacteria, virus, fungus and parasitic organism have potential to cause infection. TLR are an important class of protein which has a major role in innate immune response to combat with pathogens. In last past years, extensive research efforts have provided considerable abundance information regarding the role of TLR in various types of keratitis. This paper focuses to review the recent literature illustrating amoebic, bacterial, fungal and viral keratitis associated with Toll-like receptor molecules and summarize existing thoughts on pathogenesis and treatment besides future probabilities for prevention against TLR-associated keratitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandeep Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Simranjeet Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Joginder Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Niraj Upadhyay
- Department of Chemistry, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India.
| | - Shivika Datta
- Department of Zoology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Sourav Singla
- Department of Biotechnology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Virender Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
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Yuan X, Wilhelmus KR. Toll-like receptors involved in the pathogenesis of experimental Candida albicans keratitis. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2009; 51:2094-100. [PMID: 19933194 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.09-4330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose. To investigate the expression and function of toll-like receptors (TLRs) during experimental keratomycosis. Methods. Scarified corneas of BALB/c mice were topically inoculated with Candida albicans and compared with control corneas by a murine gene microarray and immunostaining. Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) determined relative TLR gene expression in murine and human donor corneas. The scarified corneas of TLR2(-/-) mice, TLR4(-/-) mice, and C57BL/6J control mice were also inoculated with C. albicans, to determine relative severity, fungal load, and cytokine transcript levels. Results. TLR1, -2, -4, -6, and -13 were significantly upregulated (5- to 10-fold; P < 0.01) by microarray, and TLR1, -2, -4, and -13 were significantly increased (4- to 11-fold; P < 0.05) by real-time RT-PCR in BALB/c murine corneas. Similarly, TLR2, -6, and -13 were significantly upregulated (5- to 16-fold; P < or = 0.001) by real-time RT-PCR in C57BL/6J murine corneas the day after inoculation, and TLR2 and -13 remained significantly (P < 0.05) increased after 1 week. TLR2 transcript was also upregulated twofold (P = 0.04) in C. albicans-inoculated explanted human corneas. Although murine keratitis severity scores were similar, significantly more fungi were recovered from TLR2(-/-) mouse corneas (P = 0.04) than from TLR4(-/-) mouse corneas (P = 0.9). Tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin 23, chemokine C-C ligands 3 and 4, and dectin-1 were significantly (P < 0.05) downregulated in C. albicans-infected corneas of TLR2(-/-) mice. Conclusions. TLR2 signals proinflammatory cytokines that control fungal growth during C. albicans keratitis. TLR13 may have an additional role in the innate immune response of murine corneal candidiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyong Yuan
- Sid W. Richardson Ocular Microbiology Laboratory, Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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Fradin C, Mavor AL, Weindl G, Schaller M, Hanke K, Kaufmann SHE, Mollenkopf H, Hube B. The early transcriptional response of human granulocytes to infection with Candida albicans is not essential for killing but reflects cellular communications. Infect Immun 2006; 75:1493-501. [PMID: 17145939 PMCID: PMC1828553 DOI: 10.1128/iai.01651-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans is a polymorphic opportunistic fungus that can cause life-threatening systemic infections following hematogenous dissemination in patients susceptible to nosocomial infection. Neutrophils form part of the innate immune response, which is the first line of defense against microbes and is particularly important in C. albicans infections. To compare the transcriptional response of leukocytes exposed to C. albicans, we investigated the expression of key cytokine genes in polymorphonuclear and mononuclear leukocytes after incubation with C. albicans for 1 h. Isolated mononuclear cells expressed high levels of genes encoding proinflammatory signaling molecules, whereas neutrophils exhibited much lower levels, similar to those observed in whole blood. The global transcriptional profile of neutrophils was examined by using an immunology-biased human microarray to determine whether different morphological forms or the viability of C. albicans altered the transcriptome. Hyphal cells appeared to have the broadest effect, although the most strongly induced genes were regulated independently of morphology or viability. These genes were involved in proinflammatory cell-cell signaling, cell signal transduction, and cell growth. Generally, genes encoding known components of neutrophil granules showed no upregulation at this time point; however, lactoferrin, a well-known candidacidal peptide, was secreted by neutrophils. Addition to inhibitors of RNA or protein de novo synthesis did not influence the killing activity within 30 min. These results support the general notion that neutrophils do not require gene transcription to mount an immediate and direct attack against microbes. However, neutrophils exposed to C. albicans express genes involved in communication with other immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantal Fradin
- Robert Koch Institute, Nordufer, 20, Berlin 13353, Germany, Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, Liebermeisterstrasse 25, Tübingen 72076, Germany, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany, Inserm U799, Université de Lille2, Lille 59045, France, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, and Department of Microbial Pathogenicity, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knoell Institute Jena, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Abigail L. Mavor
- Robert Koch Institute, Nordufer, 20, Berlin 13353, Germany, Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, Liebermeisterstrasse 25, Tübingen 72076, Germany, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany, Inserm U799, Université de Lille2, Lille 59045, France, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, and Department of Microbial Pathogenicity, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knoell Institute Jena, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Günther Weindl
- Robert Koch Institute, Nordufer, 20, Berlin 13353, Germany, Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, Liebermeisterstrasse 25, Tübingen 72076, Germany, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany, Inserm U799, Université de Lille2, Lille 59045, France, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, and Department of Microbial Pathogenicity, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knoell Institute Jena, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Martin Schaller
- Robert Koch Institute, Nordufer, 20, Berlin 13353, Germany, Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, Liebermeisterstrasse 25, Tübingen 72076, Germany, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany, Inserm U799, Université de Lille2, Lille 59045, France, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, and Department of Microbial Pathogenicity, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knoell Institute Jena, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Karin Hanke
- Robert Koch Institute, Nordufer, 20, Berlin 13353, Germany, Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, Liebermeisterstrasse 25, Tübingen 72076, Germany, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany, Inserm U799, Université de Lille2, Lille 59045, France, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, and Department of Microbial Pathogenicity, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knoell Institute Jena, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Stefan H. E. Kaufmann
- Robert Koch Institute, Nordufer, 20, Berlin 13353, Germany, Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, Liebermeisterstrasse 25, Tübingen 72076, Germany, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany, Inserm U799, Université de Lille2, Lille 59045, France, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, and Department of Microbial Pathogenicity, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knoell Institute Jena, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Hans Mollenkopf
- Robert Koch Institute, Nordufer, 20, Berlin 13353, Germany, Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, Liebermeisterstrasse 25, Tübingen 72076, Germany, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany, Inserm U799, Université de Lille2, Lille 59045, France, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, and Department of Microbial Pathogenicity, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knoell Institute Jena, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Bernhard Hube
- Robert Koch Institute, Nordufer, 20, Berlin 13353, Germany, Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, Liebermeisterstrasse 25, Tübingen 72076, Germany, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany, Inserm U799, Université de Lille2, Lille 59045, France, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, and Department of Microbial Pathogenicity, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knoell Institute Jena, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Microbial Pathogenicity, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knoell Institute Jena, Beutenbergstrasse 11a, 07745 Jena, Germany. Phone: 49(0)3641-656880. Fax: 49(0)3641-656882. E-mail:
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