Effects of altering calcium in haemodiluted pump primes on sodium and potassium in children undergoing open-heart operations

Biochemical changes in extracorporeal circulation in patients

The effect of priming extracorporeal perfusion pumps with 50% and 80% diluted homologous blood on the serum electrolytes, acid-base status and plasma osmolality has been investigated in 103 patients undergoing open-heart surgery for congenital and acquired heart disease. The value in prognosis of plasma osmolality is discussed.

Patterns of total and ionized calcium and other electrolytes in plasma during and after general surgery

Thirteen patients were studied during two hours of anaesthesia for abdmonial operations and for an hour post-operatively. Serial venous blood samples were taken for determination of plasma total and ionized calcium, acid-base variables, Na, K, Mg, PO4 total proteins and parathyroid hormone. One group of patients received 5 per cent dextrose/water and the other 5 per cent dextrose in Ringer's solution, at 250 ml per hour. Total and ionized calcium levels decreased toward the end of operation and an hour later, associated with respiratory alkalosis. Parathyroid hormone increased at the end of operation, as an effect of the decreased ionized calcium. The general effect was mild haemodilution with all the other electrolytes decreasing, as did total protein concentration.