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Misaki S, Murayama H, Sugiyama M, Inagaki H, Okamura T, Ura C, Miyamae F, Edahiro A, Motokawa K, Awata S. [Classification of community-dwelling older people based on their physical, mental, cognitive, and oral functions and comorbidities and its relationship with the fall history]. Nihon Ronen Igakkai Zasshi 2023; 60:364-372. [PMID: 38171753 DOI: 10.3143/geriatrics.60.364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
AIM To prevent falls among older adults, healthcare professionals need to assess these individuals from multiple perspectives. This study aimed to group community-dwelling older Japanese people based on their physical, mental, cognitive, and oral functions and comorbidities, and compare the history of falling in these groups. METHODS Data were obtained from a cross-sectional survey conducted in 2015 among older residents of a ward of Tokyo. For the survey, a questionnaire was distributed to all residents aged ≥65 years without a certificate of long-term care (n = 132,005). Questions were posed concerning respondents' physical, mental, cognitive, and oral functions; comorbidities; and experience with falling in the past year. Cluster and logistic regression analyses were performed. RESULTS A total of 70,746 participants (53.4%) were included in the analysis. The mean age was 73.6 years old, and 44.9% were male. Four groups were identified in the cluster analysis: the "good general condition group" (n = 37,797, 52.4%), "poor mental function group" (n = 10,736, 14.7%), "moderate physical function group" (n = 13,461, 19.0%), and "poor general condition group" (n = 9,122, 12.9%). A logistic regression analysis with adjusting for socio-demographic characteristics, health behaviors, and fear of falling showed that the odds ratios for the experience of falling within the past year were 1.44 (95% confidence interval: 1.34-1.53), 1.54 (1.44-1.65), and 2.52 (2.34-2.71) in the poor mental function, moderate physical function, and poor general condition groups, respectively, with the good general condition group as the reference. CONCLUSIONS We classified community-dwelling older adults into four groups based on multiple functions and found possible variations in the risk of falling by group. These findings suggest that such classification may be useful for the prevention of falls.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hiroshi Murayama
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology
| | - Mika Sugiyama
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology
| | - Hiroki Inagaki
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology
| | - Tsuyoshi Okamura
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology
| | - Chiaki Ura
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology
| | - Fumiko Miyamae
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology
| | - Ayako Edahiro
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology
| | - Keiko Motokawa
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology
| | - Shuichi Awata
- Integrated Research Initiative for Living Well with Dementia, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology
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Relationship between Fatigue and Self-Perception of Constipation in Community-Dwelling Older Adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19148406. [PMID: 35886257 PMCID: PMC9323158 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Fatigue and constipation are common symptoms among community-dwelling older adults; however, no studies have explored the relationship between both symptoms in said group. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the relationship between fatigue and self-perception of constipation in community-dwelling older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 97 older people (response rate: 73.2%) between July and November 2021. Backward−forward stepwise linear regression was performed to identify possible predictors of fatigue among the explanatory variable (self-perception of constipation) and possible confounders, which included (a) age, (b) motor fitness scale, (c) economic satisfaction, (d) subjective memory impairment, (e) subjective health, (f) depression, (g) living alone or not, (h) sex, and (i) frequency of exercise. The intercept of the fatigue score was 42.48 points (95% CI = 32.40 to 49.99, p < 0.001). The results showed that the fatigue score in community-dwelling older adults who had self-perception of constipation was significantly lower (i.e., they had higher fatigue; B = −4.49, 95% CI = −6.58 to −2.40, p < 0.001) compared to those who did not have self-perception of constipation. Therefore, there is a need to develop self-management strategies that older people can use to improve the self-perception of constipation.
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Yamazaki S, Imuta H, Fujita K. Prevalence of and factors related to homebound and semi-homebound older adults in a rural area in Japan. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2021; 21:1033-1039. [PMID: 34599636 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM The homebound status is associated with unhealthy factors and physical disability. However, the prevalence of those who may be at an earlier stage of the homebound status ("semi-homebound") is unclear. This study thus examines the prevalence of semi-homebound individuals and identifies the associated physical, psychological, and social factors. METHODS A cross-sectional study invited 1,157 participants aged 65 years and more in rural Japan. The mean age was 74.7 ± 6.8. The survey questionnaire accounted for different parameters, such as age, sex, homebound status, morbidity, instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), and mental health. Ordinal regression analysis examined participants' homebound status; socio-demographic characteristics; and physical, psychological, and social variables. RESULTS The prevalence of the homebound status was 0.11 (95%CI = 0.99-0.13), and the semi-homebound status was 0.30 (95%CI = 0.28-0.33). In the multivariable analysis, the homebound status was negatively associated with IADL (p < .001), mobility (p < .001), being alone during the day (p < .001), depression and anxiety (p < .05), and self-efficacy for going out (p < .001). DISCUSSION The prevalence of semi-homebound individuals was approximately 30%. Homebound and semi-homebound individuals were associated with older, female, IADL, functional fitness, being alone during the day, depression and anxiety, and self-efficacy for going out. In the case of psychical, psychological, and social factors, the semi-homebound individuals revealed that these indicators fluctuated between homebound and non-homebound. Our findings further focused on semi-homebound individuals at elevated risks of disability, thereby emphasizing the need for customized intervention. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2021; 21: 1033-1039.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hiromi Imuta
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Fujita
- National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
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Hayashi C, Ogata S, Okano T, Toyoda H, Mashino S. Long-term participation in community group exercise improves lower extremity muscle strength and delays age-related declines in walking speed and physical function in older adults. Eur Rev Aging Phys Act 2021; 18:6. [PMID: 34049496 PMCID: PMC8161349 DOI: 10.1186/s11556-021-00260-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effects of group exercise on the physical function of community-dwelling older adults remain unclear. The changes in lower extremity muscle strength, timed up and go (TUG) time, and the motor fitness scale (MFS), over time, among older adults who expressed a willingness to participate in community-based physical exercise groups, were determined using multilevel modelling. METHODS We analyzed data of 2407 older adults between April 2010 and December 2019 from the registry of physical tests of community-based physical exercise groups. We conducted a retrospective cohort study to assess the effect of physical exercise on lower extremity muscle strength, TUG time, and MFS scores. The durations of the exercises were evaluated by frequency of physical test's participate. RESULTS A deterioration in lower extremity muscle strength was found in the short-term participant group only. However, in the mid-term and long-term participation groups, lower extremity muscle strength showed a trend of improvement. The TUG time and the MFS score were negatively correlated with increasing age in both groups divided by the duration of participation. However, there was a slower rate of deterioration in the long-term participation group. DISCUSSION Lower extremity muscle strength, TUG time, and MFS scores decline with increasing age and there were differences in the slope of deterioration that depended on the duration of participation in community-based group exercise. CONCLUSION Participation in group exercise improved lower extremity muscle strength, TUG time, and MFS scores of older adults living in a community. The positive effects of group exercise were dependent on long-term participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chisato Hayashi
- Research Institute of Nursing Care for People and Community, University of Hyogo, 13-71 Kitaoji-cho, Akashi, Hyogo, 673-8588, Japan.
| | - Soshiro Ogata
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 6-1 Kishibeshinmachi, Suita, Osaka, 564-8565, Japan
| | - Tadashi Okano
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka-City, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Toyoda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka-City, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Sonoe Mashino
- Research Institute of Nursing Care for People and Community, University of Hyogo, 13-71 Kitaoji-cho, Akashi, Hyogo, 673-8588, Japan
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Fujii Y, Seol J, Joho K, Liu J, Inoue T, Nagata K, Okura T. Associations between exercising in a group and physical and cognitive functions in community-dwelling older adults: a cross-sectional study using data from the Kasama Study. J Phys Ther Sci 2021; 33:15-21. [PMID: 33519068 PMCID: PMC7829564 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.33.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] To examine the associations of exercise habits, particularly exercising in a group, with physical and cognitive functions in community-dwelling older adults. [Participants and Methods] A total of 615 older adults participated in this cross-sectional study. We conducted three physical performance tests (grip strength, five times sit-to-stand, and 5-meter walk tests) and the Five-Cog test (attention, memory, visuospatial, language, and reasoning). We investigated exercise habits using questionnaires and classified the participants into three groups as follows: those who did not exercise (n=86), those who exercised alone (n=168), and those who exercised in a group (n=362). To clarify the associations of exercise habits with physical and cognitive functions, we used the analysis of covariance with adjustment for potential confounders. [Results] The participants who exercised in a group had better lower limb strength than those who exercised alone and better scores for all the variables than the non-exercisers. Furthermore, those who exercised in a group scored significantly higher on the attention, memory, visuospatial, and overall cognitive function tests than those who exercised alone. [Conclusion] Our results highlight the importance of the social aspects associated with exercising, such as the presence of exercise peers, to improve the physical and cognitive health of older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Fujii
- Doctoral Program in Physical Education, Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba: 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8574, Japan.,Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Japan
| | - Jaehoon Seol
- R&D Center for Tailor-Made QOL, University of Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kaya Joho
- Doctoral Program in Human Care Science, University of Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Jue Liu
- Doctoral Program in Physical Education, Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba: 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8574, Japan.,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, China
| | - Taiki Inoue
- Doctoral Program in Human Care Science, University of Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Koki Nagata
- Doctoral Program in Public Health, University of Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Okura
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Japan
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Kawasaki T, Tozawa R. Motor Function Relating to the Accuracy of Self-Overestimation Error in Community-Dwelling Older Adults. Front Neurol 2020; 11:599787. [PMID: 33329358 PMCID: PMC7734288 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.599787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Older adults often overestimate their motor performance, which represents a serious safety hazard. The cause of this self-overestimation is to date, not yet fully established. Thus, the present study aimed to reveal the factors associated with self-overestimation by focusing on motor function. Methods: This study included 105 community-dwelling older adults [20 males, median (25, 75 percentile) age: 73.00 (69.50, 77.50)]. Participants were assessed for errors in their self-estimation using a two-step test. They estimated the two-step distance that could be reached with maximum effort. Thereafter, they performed the actual two-step action. Participants were comprehensively assessed for motor function by various tests (i.e., 10-meter Walking Test, Timed Up and Go Test, postural stability, and muscle strength). They were then divided into two groups (the self-underestimation or self-overestimation group) and their motor performances were compared. Multiple linear regression analysis was then utilized to investigate the relationship between self-estimation error and motor function. Results: Significant differences were found between the two groups regarding age, weight, actual two-step distance, and the time required for the Timed Up and Go Test and 10-meter Walking Test (p < 0.05). The regression analysis showed that self-estimation error was significantly related to the result of the 10-meter Walking Test (beta = 0.24, p = 0.011). Conclusions: The self-overestimation of motor performance, which is likely to lead to several dangers (i.e., falling or obstacle collision), was related to walking ability. Consequently, the results showed that the 10-meter Walking Test would assist in detecting the self-overestimation of motor performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsubasa Kawasaki
- Institute of Sports Medicine and Science, Tokyo International University, Kawagoe, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Tozawa
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Science, Ryotokuji University, Urayasu, Japan
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Yamazaki S, Fujita K, Imuta H. Development of a scale measuring barriers to going out among community-dwelling older adults. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2020; 21:238-244. [PMID: 33319497 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM To maintain the frequency of going out and to improve homebound status among older adults, specific barriers need to be identified. Hence, this study developed a scale to measure barriers to going out. METHODS A preliminary study was carried out to collect items for the scale. We conducted semi-structured interviews with five homebound older adults, and created 14 items as a draft barrier scale. The main study included 2273 older adults and their cohabitating family members in rural Japan. For older adults, the questions included demographic characteristics, responses to the draft scale and variables to examine its validity. For family members, the questions included demographic characteristics, their relationship with the older adult and their assessment of their older relative's willingness to go out. We used data from 892 pairs for our analysis. RESULTS We selected nine items through the criterion group strategy, and confirmed the unidimensional structure of the scale through factor analysis. The results showed significant relationships between the scale and older adults' self-efficacy about going out, their health locus of control, the frequency of going out and their reluctance to go out as assessed by family members. We carried out a receiver operating characteristic analysis to determine the scale's cut-off point. Our multivariate analysis showed that the scale had a significantly stronger association with homebound status than with other variables. CONCLUSION We developed a highly reliable and valid scale on barriers to going out among community-dwelling older adults and confirmed its usability. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2021; 21: 238-244.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Koji Fujita
- National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Japan Support Center for Suicide Countermeasures, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiromi Imuta
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan
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Yokoi K, Miyai N, Utsumi M, Hattori S, Kurasawa S, Hayakawa H, Uematsu Y, Arita M. Relationship between Fall History and Self-Perceived Motor Fitness in Community-Dwelling People: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9113649. [PMID: 33202806 PMCID: PMC7697988 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9113649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
History of falling is an important fall risk factor. If a relationship between fall history and self-perceived motor fitness could be established, then treating it as a correctable risk of re-fall due to falls may be possible. We conducted a cross-sectional study of the relationship between fall history and self-perceived motor fitness in daily life among 670 community-dwelling people (mean age 62.0 ± 9.6 years, 277 men and 393 women) who had participated in health examinations. They completed a self-administered questionnaire that asked about their history of single or multiple falls and included a 14-item motor fitness scale. The responses were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression analysis. The results showed that in both younger and older (<65 years) subjects, a history of single or multiple falls was associated with a negative response to "being able to put on socks, pants or a skirt while standing without support". For subjects ≥65 years, an association was also observed with "shortness of breath when climbing stairs". Self-perceived motor fitness related to fall history can easily be noticed by an individual and may help them become aware of fall-related factors earlier in everyday life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsushi Yokoi
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Rehabilitation, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 583-8555, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-729-50-2111
| | - Nobuyuki Miyai
- School of Health and Nursing Science, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-0011, Japan; (N.M.); (S.H.); (H.H.); (Y.U.)
| | - Miyoko Utsumi
- Wakayama Faculty Nursing, Tokyo Healthcare University, Wakayama 640-8269, Japan;
| | - Sonomi Hattori
- School of Health and Nursing Science, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-0011, Japan; (N.M.); (S.H.); (H.H.); (Y.U.)
| | - Shigeki Kurasawa
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Kansai University of Welfare Sciences, Kashiwara 582-0026, Japan;
| | - Hiroko Hayakawa
- School of Health and Nursing Science, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-0011, Japan; (N.M.); (S.H.); (H.H.); (Y.U.)
| | - Yuji Uematsu
- School of Health and Nursing Science, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-0011, Japan; (N.M.); (S.H.); (H.H.); (Y.U.)
| | - Mikio Arita
- Sumiya Rehabilitation Hospital, Wakayama 640-8344, Japan;
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Reliability and Validity of the Activity Diversity Questionnaire for Older Adults in Japan. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17072384. [PMID: 32244529 PMCID: PMC7178103 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17072384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Recent research has suggested that the breadth and evenness of activity and activity diversity contribute to health outcomes among older adults. However, few established assessment tools for activity diversity have been developed. This study developed an Activity Diversity Questionnaire (ADQ) for older adults through expert consultation and a preliminary survey among 18 community-dwelling older adults. The diversity score was calculated according to Shannon’s entropy. In study 1, the intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) of the diversity scores were determined for community-dwelling older adults (n = 30). In study 2, concurrent validity was tested with participants receiving comprehensive health checkups at the Itabashi ward in Japan in 2018 (n = 766). The correlation coefficients of the diversity scores were then calculated in reference to the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence and Japan Science and Technology Agency Index of Competence. The final version of the ADQ consisted of 20 total items with excellent test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.84) and moderate correlations with both the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence and Japan Science and Technology Agency Index of Competence (r = 0.48 and 0.60, respectively). The ADQ was developed through scientific procedures and revealed sufficient reliability and validity. As such, it is a scientifically validated tool for assessing activity diversity among older adults.
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Seino S, Kitamura A, Tomine Y, Tanaka I, Nishi M, Taniguchi YU, Yokoyama Y, Amano H, Fujiwara Y, Shinkai S. Exercise Arrangement Is Associated with Physical and Mental Health in Older Adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019; 51:1146-1153. [PMID: 30694973 PMCID: PMC6553972 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000001884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although exercising with others might have health benefits, no previous study has comprehensively examined associations of exercise arrangement with physical activity (PA), physical function (PF), and mental health (MH). We examined whether PA, PF, and MH are better when exercising with others than when exercising alone or not exercising. METHODS We analyzed cross-sectional data from 7759 (4007 men and 3752 women) nondisabled residents age 65 to 84 yr. PA, PF, and MH were assessed with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (PA sufficiency defined as ≥150 min·wk of moderate-to-vigorous PA), Motor Fitness Scale (higher PF defined as total score ≥12 in men and ≥10 in women), and World Health Organization-Five Well-Being Index (better MH defined as a total score ≥13), respectively. Exercise arrangement was classified as "nonexerciser," "exercising alone," and "exercising with others." Using multilevel logistic regression analyses, we examined independent associations of exercise arrangement with PA, PF, and MH. RESULTS Compared with exercising alone, the multivariate-adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) among nonexercisers and those exercising with others were 0.21 (0.17-0.25) and 1.32 (1.04-1.67), respectively, for PA sufficiency, 0.47 (0.40-0.57) and 1.12 (0.94-1.34) for higher PF, and 0.69 (0.58-0.82) and 1.45 (1.17-1.79) for better MH, respectively, in men. In women, the corresponding odds ratios were 0.37 (0.30-0.46) and 1.31 (1.01-1.70) for PA sufficiency, 0.66 (0.54-0.80) and 1.08 (0.88-1.32) for higher PF, and 0.70 (0.58-0.85) and 1.27 (1.03-1.56) for better MH, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Exercising alone and with others were better than no exercise for maintaining better PA, PF, and MH in both sexes. Although exercise arrangement had little effect on maintaining PF, exercising with others appears to enhance PA levels and MH in both sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Seino
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, JAPAN
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Taniguchi Y, Seino S, Nishi M, Tomine Y, Tanaka I, Yokoyama Y, Amano H, Kitamura A, Shinkai S. Physical, social, and psychological characteristics of community-dwelling elderly Japanese dog and cat owners. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206399. [PMID: 30427858 PMCID: PMC6241120 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Previous studies examined the physical characteristics of older dog owners. However, associations of health-related factors with dog/cat ownership have not been comprehensively evaluated. This cross-sectional study examined physical function, physical activity, social function, and psychological function of a population of community-dwelling older Japanese dog and cat owners after controlling for important confounders. Methods The analysis included data from 11,233 community-dwelling adults aged 65 years or older (51.5% women; 52.3% aged 75–84), in Ota City, Tokyo, Japan. Pet ownership experience and pet species owned were determined by self-reported questionnaire, and current, past, and never dog/cat ownership was analyzed. Results Analysis of variables related to physical function and physical activity showed that motor fitness scale and walking activity were significantly associated with experience of dog ownership, after adjustment for important sociodemographic and health characteristics. Analysis of social function showed that interaction with neighbors, social isolation, and trust in neighbors were significantly associated with experience of dog ownership and cat ownership. Conclusions As compared with respondents with no history of pet ownership, motor fitness and walking activity are greater for dog owners and social function is higher for dog and cat owners. Caring for a dog or cat might be an effective health promotion strategy to increase physical activity and facilitate social participation among older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Taniguchi
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Satoshi Seino
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mariko Nishi
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yui Tomine
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Izumi Tanaka
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuri Yokoyama
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidenori Amano
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihiko Kitamura
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoji Shinkai
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
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Seino S, Kitamura A, Tomine Y, Tanaka I, Nishi M, Nonaka K, Nofuji Y, Narita M, Taniguchi Y, Yokoyama Y, Amano H, Ikeuchi T, Fujiwara Y, Shinkai S. A Community-Wide Intervention Trial for Preventing and Reducing Frailty Among Older Adults Living in Metropolitan Areas: Design and Baseline Survey for a Study Integrating Participatory Action Research With a Cluster Trial. J Epidemiol 2018; 29:73-81. [PMID: 29962492 PMCID: PMC6336723 DOI: 10.2188/jea.je20170109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Preventing and reducing frailty is an important challenge for Japan in the next decade, especially in metropolitan areas. We launched a community-wide intervention trial (the Ota Genki Senior Project) in 2016 to develop effective community-based strategies for frailty prevention in metropolitan areas. This report describes the study design and baseline survey. Methods This study is a community-wide intervention trial that integrates participatory action research into a cluster non-randomized controlled trial for adults aged 65 years or older living in Ota City, Tokyo. We allocated 3 of 18 districts to an intervention group and the other 15 to a control group. Using a mailed self-administered questionnaire, we conducted a baseline survey of 15,500 residents (8,000 and 7,500 in the intervention and control groups, respectively) from July through August 2016. In addition to socioeconomic status and lifestyle variables, we assessed frailty status (primary outcome) and physical, nutritional, and psychosocial variables (secondary outcomes). Based on the baseline findings, an intervention to improve outcomes will be implemented as participatory action research. Follow-up surveys will be conducted in the same manner as the baseline survey. Results A total of 11,925 questionnaires were returned (76.9% response rate; 6,105 [76.3%] and 5,820 [77.6%] in the intervention and control groups, respectively), and 11,701 were included in the analysis (mean age, 74.3 [standard deviation, 5.5] years; 48.5% were men). Conclusions This study is expected to contribute to development of a prototype of a community-wide frailty prevention strategy, especially in metropolitan areas in Japan. Trial registration: UMIN Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN000026515).
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Seino
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
| | - Akihiko Kitamura
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
| | - Yui Tomine
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
| | - Izumi Tanaka
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
| | - Mariko Nishi
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
| | - Kumiko Nonaka
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
| | - Yu Nofuji
- Japan Association for Development of Community Medicine
| | - Miki Narita
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
| | - Yu Taniguchi
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
| | - Yuri Yokoyama
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
| | - Hidenori Amano
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
| | - Tomoko Ikeuchi
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
| | - Yoshinori Fujiwara
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
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Fukasawa M, Yamaguchi H. Effect of group activities on health promotion for the community-dwelling elderly. J Rural Med 2016; 11:17-24. [PMID: 27313798 PMCID: PMC4910028 DOI: 10.2185/jrm.2903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: In Japan, the Integrated Community Care System aims to support
residents to live as independently as possible at home.
Koreisya-Kyoshitsu and Fureaiikiiki salons are two
types of group activities for community-dwelling elderly. We investigated effective ways
of conducting such activities. Methods: We analyzed 96 subjects from 8 salons and 354 subjects from 10
Koreisya-Kyoshitsu. Self-completed questionnaires included the
following: attributes, the Motor Fitness Scale (MFS), revised Philadelphia Geriatric
Center Morale Scale (PGCMS), Measurement of Psychological Independence (MPI), instrumental
activities of daily living (IADL), and self-rated health status (SRH). Follow-up
assessment was conducted 6 months later. Representatives from 8 salons and staff members
from 10 Koreisya-Kyoshitsu answered an additional questionnaire on
management. Results: In Koreisya-Kyoshitsu, physical performance (MFS)
(p = 0.007) and subjective well-being (PGCMS) (p =
0.001) improved significantly, whereas psychological independence (MPI) deteriorated
significantly (p = 0.015). The MFS scores significantly improved in the
sub-group with a high number of sessions (7 or more) (p = 0.043), as well
as in the non-volunteer sub-group (p = 0.004). The PGCMS scores
significantly improved in the sub-group with a high number of sessions (p
< 0.001). The MPI scores significantly deteriorated in the sub-group with a low
frequency of sessions (6 or less) and in the non-volunteer sub-group (p =
0.013 and p = 0.010, respectively). In salons, the frequency of going out
decreased significantly (p = 0.049). Functional status (IADL)
significantly improved in the “twice or more a month” sub-group (p =
0.046), whereas it significantly deteriorated in the “once a month” sub-group
(p = 0.004). The proportion of volunteers/organizers in
Koreisya-Kyoshitsu (23.4%) was significantly lower than that in salons
(39.6%). Conclusion: The frequency (number) of sessions, but not the
volunteer/non-volunteer attribute, was a key factor in obtaining the health promotion
effects of group activities in both Koreisya-Kyoshitsu and salons.
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Makino K, Ihira H, Mizumoto A, Shimizu K, Ishida T, Furuna T. Associations between the settings of exercise habits and health-related outcomes in community-dwelling older adults. J Phys Ther Sci 2015; 27:2207-11. [PMID: 26311955 PMCID: PMC4540850 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.27.2207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between the settings
of exercise habits and health-related outcomes in community-dwelling older adults.
[Subjects] A total of 304 Japanese community-dwelling older adults (70.3 ± 4.1 years; 113
males and 191 females) participated in this study. [Methods] Demographic characteristics,
medical conditions, exercise habits, and health-related outcomes were assessed by
face-to-face interviews and self-reported questionnaires. Older adults who had exercise
habits were classified into two groups: individual- and group-based exercise habits
groups, and the health-related outcomes were compared between groups. [Results] The scores
for the Geriatric Depression Scale, exercise self-efficacy, and dietary variety of older
adults who had group-based exercise habits were better than those of older adults who had
individual-based exercise habits. In addition, the exercise settings (individual- and
group-based) were significantly associated with scores for the Geriatric Depression Scale
(odds ratio = 0.76) and exercise self-efficacy (odds ratio = 1.26), even after adjusting
for age and gender. [Conclusion] These results implied that habitual exercise in group
settings may have an effective role in promoting exercise self-efficacy and mental
health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keitaro Makino
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, Japan ; Houseikai Health Care Group, Japan
| | - Hikaru Ihira
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, Japan
| | - Atsushi Mizumoto
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, Japan
| | - Kotaro Shimizu
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, Japan
| | - Toyoaki Ishida
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, Japan
| | - Taketo Furuna
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, Japan
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Saito E, Ueki S, Yasuda N, Yamazaki S, Yasumura S. Risk factors of functional disability among community-dwelling elderly people by household in Japan: a prospective cohort study. BMC Geriatr 2014; 14:93. [PMID: 25154498 PMCID: PMC4158357 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2318-14-93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2013] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the number of elderly people needing care is increasing rapidly in the home setting in Japan, family size and ability to provide such support are declining. The purpose of this study was to identify the risk factors of functional disability by household composition among community-dwelling elderly people. METHODS A total of 1347 elderly people aged 70 years and over participated in a baseline geriatric health examination for this prospective cohort study. In the health examination, we conducted an interview survey using a questionnaire in July 2004 and July 2005. Questionnaire items covered the following: age, sex, household, medical history, instrumental activities of daily living, intellectual activity, social role, Motor Fitness Scale, falls experienced during the past year, Dietary Variety Score, frequency of going outdoors, cognitive impairment, and depressive status. We defined the occurrence of functional disability as certification for long-term care needs of the subjects. The certification process started with a home visit for an initial assessment to evaluate nursing care needs using a questionnaire on current physical and mental status. The onset of functional disability was followed from July 2004 to March 2011. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was used to estimate the risk factors related to the onset of functional disability, adjusted for age and sex. RESULTS Of the 1084 participants, 433 were male (39.9%), and the average age was 77.8 (standard deviation, 5.4). Up to March 2011, functional disabilities occurred in 226 participants (20.9%). Elderly people living only with their children demonstrated a significantly higher risk for functional disability than the three-generation household group (hazard ratio, 1.61; 95% confidence interval, 1.08-2.40). The risk factors for functional disability varied according to household group. CONCLUSIONS In Japan, the number of vulnerable households with elderly people in need of care has increased steadily over the years. Appropriately identifying the risks related to functional disability requires a means of assessment that takes the household composition into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiko Saito
- Department of Nursing Sciences, Graduate School of Human Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 7-2-10, Higashiogu, Arakawa, Tokyo, 116-8551, Japan
| | - Shouzoh Ueki
- Department of Medical Science & Welfare, Tohoku Bunka Gakuen University, 6-45-1 Kunimi, Aoba, Sendai 981-8551 Miyagi, Japan
| | - Nobufumi Yasuda
- Department of Public Health, Kochi Medical School, Kohasu, Okoh-cho, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8505, Japan
| | - Sachiko Yamazaki
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Human Studies, Bunkyo Gakuin University, 1196 Kamekubo, Fujimino, Saitama, 356-8533, Japan
| | - Seiji Yasumura
- Department of Public Health, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikariga-oka, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
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Shimada K, Yamazaki S, Nakano K, Ngoma AM, Takahashi R, Yasumura S. Prevalence of Social Isolation in Community-Dwelling Elderly by Differences in Household Composition and Related Factors. J Aging Health 2014; 26:807-823. [DOI: 10.1177/0898264314531616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to measure the prevalence of social isolation in community-dwelling elderly and related factors based on household composition differences. Method: We used the six-item Lubben Social Network Scale to measure social isolation in 2,000 individuals. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to examine factors related to social isolation with household composition after adjusting for gender and age. Results: The prevalence of social isolation was 31.0% for elderly living alone and 24.1% for those living with family. For both, poor mental health and lack of social support from nonfamily members were associated with social isolation risk. For elderly living with family, low intellectual activities and poor health practice were associated with social isolation risk. Discussion: This study showed high prevalence of social isolation. For prevention, promoting mental health and encouraging them to make friends may be important. For elderly living with family, promoting intellectual activities and good health practice is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Shimada
- Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima-shi, Fukushima, Japan
- Den-En Chofu University, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Sachiko Yamazaki
- Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima-shi, Fukushima, Japan
- Bunkyo Gakuin University, Fujimino-shi, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kyoko Nakano
- Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima-shi, Fukushima, Japan
| | | | - Ryutaro Takahashi
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiji Yasumura
- Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima-shi, Fukushima, Japan
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Fieo RA, Austin EJ, Starr JM, Deary IJ. Calibrating ADL-IADL scales to improve measurement accuracy and to extend the disability construct into the preclinical range: a systematic review. BMC Geriatr 2011; 11:42. [PMID: 21846335 PMCID: PMC3201016 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2318-11-42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2011] [Accepted: 08/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interest in measuring functional status among nondisabled older adults has increased in recent years. This is, in part, due to the notion that adults identified as 'high risk' for functional decline portray a state that is potentially easier to reverse than overt disability. Assessing relatively healthy older adults with traditional self-report measures (activities of daily living) has proven difficult because these instruments were initially developed for institutionalised older adults. Perhaps less evident, are problems associated with change scores and the potential for 'construct under-representation', which reflects the exclusion of important features of the construct (e.g., disability). Furthermore, establishing a formal hierarchy of functional status tells more than the typical simple summation of functional loss, and may have predictive value to the clinician monitoring older adults: if the sequence task difficulty is accelerated or out of order it may indicate the need for interventions. METHODS This review identified studies that employed item response theory (IRT) to examine or revise functional status scales. IRT can be used to transform the ordinal nature of functional status scales to interval level data, which serves to increase diagnostic precision and sensitivity to clinical change. Furthermore, IRT can be used to rank items unequivocally along a hierarchy based on difficulty. It should be noted that this review is not concerned with contrasting IRT with more traditional classical test theory methodology. RESULTS A systematic search of four databases (PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, and PsychInfo) resulted in the review of 2,192 manuscripts. Of these manuscripts, twelve met our inclusion/exclusion requirements and thus were targeted for further inspection. CONCLUSIONS Manuscripts presented in this review appear to summarise gerontology's best efforts to improve construct validity and content validity (i.e., ceiling effects) for scales measuring the early stages of activity restriction in community-dwelling older adults. Several scales in this review were exceptional at reducing ceiling effects, reducing gaps in coverage along the construct, as well as establishing a formal hierarchy of functional decline. These instrument modifications make it plausible to detect minor changes in difficulty for IADL items positioned at the edge of the disability continuum, which can be used to signal the onset of progressive type disability in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Fieo
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - John M Starr
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, Geriatric Medicine Unit, University of Edinburgh, Royal Victoria, UK
| | - Ian J Deary
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, UK
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Sato D, Kaneda K, Wakabayashi H, Shimoyama Y, Baba Y, Nomura T. Comparison of once and twice weekly water exercise on various bodily functions in community-dwelling frail elderly requiring nursing care. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2011; 52:331-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2010.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2010] [Revised: 04/27/2010] [Accepted: 04/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Kotani Y, Shinkai S, Okamatsu H, Toba M, Ogawa K, Yoshida H, Fukaya T, Fujiwara Y, Chaves PH, Kakumoto K, Kohda N. Oral intake of Lactobacillus pentosus strain b240 accelerates salivary immunoglobulin A secretion in the elderly: A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial. IMMUNITY & AGEING 2010; 7:11. [PMID: 20796295 PMCID: PMC2936365 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4933-7-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2010] [Accepted: 08/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Immunoglobulin A (IgA) secretion in saliva decreases with age and may be the cause of increased vulnerability of the elderly to respiratory infections. The effect of oral intake of lactic acid bacteria on salivary secretory IgA (SIgA) in the elderly has not been reported. The objective of this study was to demonstrate the acceleration of salivary SIgA secretion by oral intake of Lactobacillus pentosus strain b240 (b240) in the elderly. Results A total of 80 healthy elderly individuals were randomly allocated to either an intervention (i.e., b240) or a control (i.e., placebo) group. The elderly individuals in the b240 group were given a sterile water beverage (125 mL) containing heat-killed b240 (4 × 109 cells), while those in the placebo group were given only a sterile water beverage (125 mL); both groups received their respective beverages once daily for 12 weeks. Saliva was collected before initiation of the study and every 2 weeks thereafter. Saliva flow rate and SIgA concentration were determined, and the SIgA secretion rate was calculated. The mean salivary SIgA secretion rate in the b240 group steadily increased until week 4 (exhibiting a 20% elevation relative to that at week 0), and then remained stable until week 12. Changes in SIgA secretion rate over the intervention period were significantly greater in the b240 group than in the placebo group. The treatment groups exhibited no significant differences in adverse events. Conclusions Oral intake of L. pentosus strain b240 for 12 weeks significantly accelerated salivary SIgA secretion, thereby indicating its potential utility in the improvement of mucosal immunity and resistance against infection in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshifumi Kotani
- Otsu Nutraceuticals Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co,, Ltd,, Shiga, Japan.
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Makizako H, Abe T, Abe K, Kobayashi S, Koguchi R, Onuma T, Shimada H, Nakamura Y. [Factors burdening the caregiving relatives of community-dwelling disable Japanese people]. Nihon Ronen Igakkai Zasshi 2008; 45:59-67. [PMID: 18332574 DOI: 10.3143/geriatrics.45.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study examined the factors associated with burdens on the primary caregivers of community-dwelling disabled people. METHODS Participants were 78 disabled people (40 men, 38 women; mean age 77.8+/-11.5 years) who received home-based physical therapy and/or occupational therapy, and their 78 caregivers (20 men, 58 women; mean age 66.8+/-10.2 years). The caregiver burden was assessed using the short version of the Japanese version of the Zarit Caregiver Burden Interview (J-ZBI_8). In addition, the primary caregivers completed questionnaires about burdens arising from supporting the activities of daily living (ADL) using a visual analogue scale, available social support, subjective well-being, and the Motor Fitness Scale. The performance of the disabled subjects was assessed using the Bedside Mobility Scale and the Barthel Index. The disabled subjects and the caregivers were divided into higher burden (J-ZBI_8 score, 10 points and over) and lower burden groups (J-ZBI_8 score, 9 points and under) to compare the group differences in the measurements. RESULTS The disabled participants in the lower burden group (n=41) showed significantly higher Bedside Mobility Scale scores and Barthel Index scores than those in the higher burden group (n=37). The primary caregivers in the higher burden group showed significantly higher burden due to supporting the ADL, lower subjective well-being, and lower social support as compared to those in the lower-burden group. CONCLUSION The burden levels of the primary caregivers relating to the mobility and ADL of their recipients were assessed. The caregivers with higher burden showed less social support and low subjective well-being.
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Miyabara H, Nishi M. The Relation of Walking Velocity with Motor Ability and Functional Capacity in the Community Dwelling Elderly. J Phys Ther Sci 2008. [DOI: 10.1589/jpts.20.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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GUO HUI, NIU KAIJUN, YANO HIDENORI, OGAMO KYOUKO, NAKAJIMA KINUE, WANG YUN, MOTOKAWA AKIRA, SUZUKI LEIKO, FUJITA KAZUKI, SAITOU TERUKI, NAGATOMI RYOICHI. THE EFFECT OF A NEW EXERCISE PROGRAM INCLUDING TAI CHI CHUAN AND KUNG FU GYMNASTICS ELEMENTS FOR THE PHYSICAL FITNESS OF OLDER SUBJECTS WHO HAVE LOWER PHYSICAL FITNESS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.7600/jspfsm.56.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Yasumura S. [Homebound elderly people in Japan-special reference to intervention study including life review method]. Nihon Ronen Igakkai Zasshi 2003; 40:470-2. [PMID: 14579715 DOI: 10.3143/geriatrics.40.470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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