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Ueno T, Saito J, Murayama H, Saito M, Haseda M, Kondo K, Kondo N. Social participation and functional disability trajectories in the last three years of life: The Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2024; 121:105361. [PMID: 38341957 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2024.105361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Functional disability has various patterns from onset until death. Although social participation is a known protective factor against functional disability among older individuals, it is unclear whether social participation is associated with the trajectory patterns of functional disability prior to death. This study assessed the association between social participation, specifically in horizontal and vertical groups, and the trajectories of functional disability prior to death. METHODS We used survey data from the 2010 Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study for functionally independent older adults combined with public long-term care insurance system data from 2010 to 2016 (n = 4,502). The outcome variables included five previously identified trajectory patterns using group-based trajectory modeling. As the explanatory variable, we used three definitions of social participation: any group, horizontal group (e.g., sports, hobbies), or vertical group (e.g., political, religious), at least once a month. We used a multinomial logistic regression analysis to calculate odds ratios with 95 % confidence intervals for the identified trajectory patterns. RESULTS Participation in any groups was significantly less likely to belong to "Accelerated disability" (OR=0.74 [95 % CIs 0.60-0.92]), "Persistently mild disability" (0.68 [0.55-0.84]), and "Persistently severe disability" (0.67 [0.50-0.83]) compared to "Minimum disability." Although participation in horizontal groups was similarly associated with trajectories regardless of gender, vertical groups was not associated with trajectories among males. CONCLUSIONS Social participation among older adults may be associated with an extended period of living without disabilities before death. This association may differ by gender and social participation group and requires further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Ueno
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Graduate School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Junko Saito
- Division of Behavioral Sciences, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Murayama
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masashige Saito
- Faculty of Social Welfare, Nihon Fukushi University, Aichi, Japan; Center for Well-being and Society, Nihon Fukushi University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Maho Haseda
- Department of Social Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine and School of Public Health, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Katsunori Kondo
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan
| | - Naoki Kondo
- Department of Social Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine and School of Public Health, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Hoshina M, Ojima S, Kawasaki A, Doi K, Ohta S, Inoue A, Murayama H. Development and basic performance verification of a rapid homogeneous bioassay for agonistic antibodies against the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor. J Immunol Methods 2024; 528:113655. [PMID: 38447802 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2024.113655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Graves' disease is a type of autoimmune hyperthyroidism caused by thyroid-stimulating antibodies (TSAb).1 The combination of a porcine thyroid cell bioassay and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) immunoassay (TSAb-enzyme immunoassay; EIA) is a clinically approved TSAb measurement method. Due to the requirement of multiple procedures and a long assay time of 6 h in the TSAb-EIA, a simplified and rapid assay is desired. Herein, we developed a rapid homogeneous TSAb bioassay (rapid-TSAb assay) using the human embryonic kidney cell line (HEK293), engineered to express the human thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR), along with a cAMP-dependent luminescence biosensor. The measurement consists of three steps: thawing frozen cells, blood sample addition, and luminescence detection. The procedures can be conducted within 1 h. The World Health Organization International Standard TSAb (NIBSC 08/204) stimulated the cells co-expressing TSHR and cAMP biosensor. The intra- and inter-assay coefficients of variance were < 10%. Stimulation activity using wild-type TSHR and chimeric TSHR (Mc4) almost completely correlated with the tested Graves' disease and normal samples. In the rapid-TSAb assay, the evaluation of 39 samples, including TSHR antibody-positive sera, yielded a sensitivity of 100.0% and a specificity of 90.9%, compared to the TSAb-EIA control. The rapid-TSAb assay enables simple and rapid measurement of TSAb and is promising for improving the diagnosis of autoimmune thyroid diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motoki Hoshina
- Research and Development Section, Diagnostics Division, YAMASA Corporation, 2-10-1 Araoicho, Choshi, Chiba 288-0056, Japan.
| | - Shiomi Ojima
- Research and Development Section, Diagnostics Division, YAMASA Corporation, 2-10-1 Araoicho, Choshi, Chiba 288-0056, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kawasaki
- Research and Development Section, Diagnostics Division, YAMASA Corporation, 2-10-1 Araoicho, Choshi, Chiba 288-0056, Japan
| | - Kosuke Doi
- Research and Development Section, Diagnostics Division, YAMASA Corporation, 2-10-1 Araoicho, Choshi, Chiba 288-0056, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ohta
- Research and Development Section, Diagnostics Division, YAMASA Corporation, 2-10-1 Araoicho, Choshi, Chiba 288-0056, Japan
| | - Asuka Inoue
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3, Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Murayama
- Research and Development Section, Diagnostics Division, YAMASA Corporation, 2-10-1 Araoicho, Choshi, Chiba 288-0056, Japan
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Morita A, Fujiwara T, Murayama H, Machida M, Inoue S, Shobugawa Y. Association Between Trajectory of Socioeconomic Position and Regional Brain Volumes Related to Dementia: Results From the NEIGE Study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2024; 79:glad269. [PMID: 38038280 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glad269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low socioeconomic position (SEP) has been linked to an increased risk of dementia. However, little is known about the association between SEP trajectory and regional brain volumes related to dementia. METHODS A random sample of community-dwelling older adults (n = 428, age = 73.1 ± 5.5) living in Tokamachi City (Niigata Prefecture, Japan) without medical histories of dementia, Parkinson's disease, and depression who underwent automated assessment of brain volumes on magnetic resonance imaging and responded to a self-administered questionnaire survey in 2017. We measured SEP in childhood (household SEP at age 15), young adulthood (education), mid-adulthood (the longest occupation), and late adulthood (current wealth), and further performed group-based trajectory analysis to identify lifetime trajectory patterns on SEP. Multivariate regression models were employed to investigate the association between SEP trajectories and 4 regional brain volumes related to the development of Alzheimer's disease (ie, entorhinal cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, and the parahippocampus), the most common type of dementia. RESULTS We found 3 distinct SEP trajectories (stable middle class [68%], downward [23%], and upward [9%]). Compared to those who experienced stable middle class, older adults who experienced the upward SEP mobility had significantly larger hippocampus (β: 213.2, 95% confidence interval: 14.7, 411.8). On the other hand, older adults who experienced downward SEP mobility showed no significant differences in any of the 4 brain structural volumes. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that upward life-course SEP mobility is associated with larger volumes of hippocampus in old age. SEP trajectory may offer us a useful lens to enhance our understanding of the etiology of dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayako Morita
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeo Fujiwara
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Murayama
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Machida
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeru Inoue
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yugo Shobugawa
- Department of Active Ageing (donated by Tokamachi City, Niigata, Japan), Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
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Tani Y, Kawahara T, Sugihara G, Machida M, Amagasa S, Murayama H, Inoue S, Fujiwara T, Shobugawa Y. Childhood book availability helps to preserve cognitive function in older adults with low education: Results from the NEIGE study. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2024:gbae052. [PMID: 38567641 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbae052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES It is well-known that low educational attainment is associated with cognitive function decline in older age. Childhood book availability may help to preserve cognitive function in older adults with low education. The study objective was to examine the association between childhood book availability and cognitive function among older adults with low educational attainment, and to investigate the mediating effect of the volume of reading-related brain regions (e.g., superior temporal cortex). METHODS A cross-sectional study of community-dwelling older Japanese adults aged 65-84 years was conducted (n=474). Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Childhood book availability was assessed using a retrospective questionnaire. Brain region volume was measured using magnetic resonance imaging. Multivariate regression modeling and structural equation modeling were used for analysis. RESULTS Both high educational attainment and childhood book availability were independently associated with high MMSE score. Stratification of educational level showed that childhood book availability was positively associated with MMSE score among participants with low educational attainment (coefficient=1.48, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.31 to 2.66), but not among those with moderate or high educational attainment (coefficient=-0.01, 95% CI: -1.44 to 1.42 and -1.21, 95% CI: -3.85 to 1.42, respectively). Among participants with low educational attainment, left superior temporal cortex volume mediated the association between childhood book availability and MMSE score. DISCUSSION The availability of books in childhood helps to preserve cognitive function in older adults with low education via left superior temporal cortex volume. Further research is needed to replicate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukako Tani
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoki Kawahara
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Genichi Sugihara
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Machida
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shiho Amagasa
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
- Graduate School of Public Health, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Murayama
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeru Inoue
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeo Fujiwara
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yugo Shobugawa
- Division of International Health, Niigata University Graduate School of Medicine and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
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Saito N, Takase M, Taguchi A, Murayama H. [Need for livelihood support and relationship with community residents: A cross-sectional survey among older adults who do not use livelihood support in a rural area]. Nihon Koshu Eisei Zasshi 2024. [PMID: 38556362 DOI: 10.11236/jph.23-078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Objectives In recent years, the Japanese government has promoted a livelihood support system based on residents-based mutual help in the community. This study aimed to examine the associations between the need for livelihood support and the relationship with community residents among older adults who do not use livelihood support in a rural area. We operationally defined livelihood support as helping older adults with daily problems so that they can continue to live in familiar neighborhoods.Methods A self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted in Gejo Area of Tokamachi City, Niigata Prefecture in October 2018. The questionnaires were distributed to all 1,033 residents aged 65 years or over, excluding those certified with care levels 3-5 in the long-term care insurance system. The survey items included basic characteristics, health status, relationship with community residents, and need for 33 livelihood support items.Results A total of 802 questionnaires were returned (response rate of 77.6%), and 653 community-dwelling individuals who had not used livelihood support were included in the analysis. Factor analysis grouped the 33 livelihood support items into four factors: temporary problems and troubles (53.4%), participation in events and gatherings (38.0%), daily household chores (31.7%), and small problems in daily life (27.7%). Logistic regression analysis showed that the need for assistance with temporary problems and troubles was related to "low trust in community residents," "willing to help community residents but have not yet done so," and "willing to help community residents and have already done so." The need for assistance with participation in events and gatherings was related to "willing to help community residents but have not yet done so," "willing to help community residents and have already done so," and "higher levels of sekentei." The need for assistance with daily household chores was related to "low trust in community residents" and "willing to help community residents and have already done so." Finally, the need for assistance with small problems in daily life was related to "willing to help community residents and have already done so."Conclusion The need for livelihood support was related to relationships with community residents. To promote the livelihood support system in communities, the relationships between older adults and community residents should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Saito
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology
| | - Mai Takase
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology
| | | | - Hiroshi Murayama
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology
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Sagara T, Takase M, Sugiura K, Nakamoto I, Ma P, Muto Y, Higashi K, Fujiwara Y, Murayama H. [Current conditions and challenges of employing older assistant care workers based on geriatric health services facilities' scale]. Nihon Koshu Eisei Zasshi 2024; 71:177-185. [PMID: 38123333 DOI: 10.11236/jph.23-052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Objectives To support care workers, some care facilities employ older individuals as care assistants for peripheral, non-professional tasks. However, the size of the facilities influences their employment needs and support systems for older care workers. Therefore, this study examined the rationale for employing older assistant care workers; the challenges they face; educational systems; and the efforts to facilitate continued employment based on facility size.Methods Initially, a fax survey was conducted with 3,591 facilities associated with the National Association of Geriatric Health Services Facilities to determine the proportion of older assistant care workers employed. Thereafter, a questionnaire survey was administered to gather more information. Out of 3,591 facilities, 2,170 responded to the survey, and 1,261 responded to the questionnaire. In this study, care assistants aged ≥60 years were classified as older care assistants. The facilities were categorized based on admission capacity into two groups: "small/medium facilities" (≤99 residents) and "large facilities" (≥100 residents). A chi-square test was conducted for data analysis.Results Of the all geriatric health services facilities, 31.7% employed older assistant care workers. Moreover, the questionnaire survey responses showed they are employed by 687 facilities. Further analysis revealed that larger facilities employed a higher number of older care assistants than small/medium facilities. Small/medium facilities tended to have fewer training systems for older care assistants than larger facilities (30.0% for small/medium facilities vs. 21.6% for large facilities; P=0.014). Furthermore, the work of older care assistants in small/medium facilities was more susceptible to family circumstances than those in larger facilities (15.7% for small/medium facilities vs. 10.2% for large facilities; P=0.033). Compared to small/medium facilities, larger facilities were more likely to state that their employment objective was to reduce the risk of care accidents (19.8% for small/medium facilities vs. 26.3% for large facilities; P=0.046) and provide psychological support, such as periodic interviews, to older care workers to ensure continued employment (24.1% for small/medium facilities vs. for large facilities 37.3%; P<0.001).Conclusion Larger facilities employeda higher number of older care assistants than small/medium facilities. Furthermore, small/medium facilities were less likely to provide psychological support and had a less structured training system, compared to larger facilities. Additionally, the work of older care assistants in small/medium facilities was more susceptible to family circumstances and other factors, which could affect their work performance. Thus, developing adequate support systems in small/medium facilities is crucial to promoting the employment of older care assistants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Sagara
- The Tokyo Metropolitan Support Center for Preventative Long-term and Frail Elderly Care, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology
| | - Mai Takase
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology
| | - Keiko Sugiura
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
| | - Isuzu Nakamoto
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology
- Department of Gerontological and Home Healthcare Nursing, Health Sciences, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Panpan Ma
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology
- School of Nursing at Narita, Global Health Nursing, International University of Health and Welfare
| | - Youko Muto
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology
- National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Bureau of International Health Cooperation, Institute for Global Health Policy Research
| | | | | | - Hiroshi Murayama
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology
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Ide-Okochi A, He M, Kanamori Y, Samiso T, Takamoto K, Murayama H. Gender Differences in the Association between Psychological Distress and Sociability among Older Adult Survivors: Cross-Sectional Survey Four Years after the 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake in Japan. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2024; 262:143-155. [PMID: 38233112 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.2024.j003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Mental health deterioration after a disaster is a concern. Individuals' sociability is expected to relate to the risk of this deterioration; however, research focusing on older adults is lacking. We aimed to investigate the relationship between psychological distress and sociability in older adults who survived the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake. We conducted a self-reported questionnaire survey in 2020. Data on 3,588 people aged 65 years and over (2,024 women and 1,564 men, mean age 74.6 ± 7.2, mean ± standard deviation) were analyzed. The overall prevalence of psychological distress (the Kessler psychological distress scale: K6 ≧ 10) was 10.5%; by gender, it was 11.2% in women and 9.5% in men. Logistic regression analysis revealed that, in the total sample, age, gender, public housing, reduction in income resulting from the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, self-rated unhealthy conditions, subjective social isolation, and a lack of awareness of community events were positively associated with psychological distress. For women, a lack of community participation was positively related to psychological distress. For men, not knowing the change in school district after relocation was negatively associated with psychological distress, probably due to men's scarce community participation and reliance on friendships, compared to women's stronger dependence on community. Moreover, having a family member or friend to consult with was associated with a lower risk of psychological distress, regardless of gender. Gender differences were related to different conditions of social participation and types of social relationships. Enhancing community participation and family relationships among women and social contact with friends among men is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mu He
- Graduate School of Health Sciences Education, Kumamoto University
| | | | - Tomonori Samiso
- Health and Welfare Policy Division, Elderly Welfare Bureau, Kumamoto City Government
| | - Kayoko Takamoto
- Department of Nursing, Miyazaki Prefectural Nursing University
| | - Hiroshi Murayama
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology
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Takahashi T, Matsunaga H, Sagara T, Fujita K, Fujihira K, Ogawa S, Suzuki H, Murayama H, Fujiwara Y. Effects of fear of COVID-19 on older volunteers' willingness to continue their activities: REPRINTS cohort study. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24 Suppl 1:370-376. [PMID: 38228323 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
AIM This study examined the effects of fear of COVID-19 on older volunteers' willingness to continue activities that required face-to-face interactions. METHODS From September to November 2020, a self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted with 481 older adult volunteers. A total of 423 responses were collected; 343 had no missing items and were included in the analysis. Analysis items included willingness to continue volunteer activities, fear of COVID-19, mental and physical health, and a group of items related to factors influencing the continuation of volunteer activities. RESULTS The structural analysis of covariance indicated that volunteer orientation, which included items considered to be factors for continuing volunteer activities, had a significant positive influence on the willingness to continue activities. Fear of COVID-19 had a significant negative effect on the latent variable mental and physical health, which consisted of a subjective sense of health, but fear of COVID-19 and physical and mental health had no significant effect on the willingness to continue volunteering. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the willingness of older adults to continue volunteer activities during the COVID-19 pandemic is influenced by their volunteer orientation and is not affected by their fear of COVID-19. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 370-376.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Takahashi
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroko Matsunaga
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoya Sagara
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Fujita
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kyoko Fujihira
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Susumu Ogawa
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Suzuki
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Murayama
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Fujiwara
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
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Murayama H, Nakamoto I, Takase M, Sagara T, Sugiura K, Higashi K, Fujiwara Y. Older assistant care workers as late-life employment in Japan: Perceived benefits from work and emotional exhaustion. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24 Suppl 1:415-417. [PMID: 37751895 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Murayama
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Isuzu Nakamoto
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai
| | - Mai Takase
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoya Sagara
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiko Sugiura
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Health Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kentaro Higashi
- Japan Association of Geriatric Health Services Facilities, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Fujiwara
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
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Nonaka K, Takase M, Sugiura K, Murayama H. Introducing a Japanese form of Pro Bono as a way to foster cooperation between the working generation and community-based organizations. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24 Suppl 1:401-402. [PMID: 37877799 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kumiko Nonaka
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mai Takase
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiko Sugiura
- Department of Health Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Murayama
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
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Takase M, Nonaka K, Sugiura K, Murayama H. Association between role conflict and project participation in "Pro Bono Workers". Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24 Suppl 1:406-407. [PMID: 38185813 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Mai Takase
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kumiko Nonaka
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiko Sugiura
- Kyushu University Department of Health Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Murayama
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
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Suda T, Murayama H, Sugawara I. Association between participation in social network service groups and offline social networks. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24 Suppl 1:279-284. [PMID: 38319046 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
AIM Although some previous studies have suggested using a social networking service (SNS) to create and maintain offline social networks among younger generations, whether similar outcomes would apply to middle-aged and older individuals is uncertain. This study aimed to examine the association between participation in groups via SNS and greater offline social networks among middle-aged and older individuals. METHODS We conducted a web-based questionnaire survey on 3106 respondents from September to October 2021 among members of "the Shumi-to Club," an SNS in Japan. They indicated the number of SNS groups they belonged to and were classified into two categories, namely, those with and without participation in SNS groups. The current study assessed offline social networks using the total frequency of face-to-face interactions with distant family members and friends. Ordinal logistic regression analyses were performed, and the frequency of offline interactions was set as the outcome with adjustment for sociodemographic variables and self-rated health. RESULTS Approximately 70.8% (n = 2200) of the participants belonged to SNS groups. Participation in SNS groups was associated with higher frequencies of face-to-face interaction with friends (odds ratio [95% confidential intervals]: 1.78 [1.53-2.07]). However, the current study found no association between belonging to a group and face-to-face interaction with distant family members (1.09 [0.93-1.26]). CONCLUSIONS The participation in SNS groups potentially promotes offline social networks, particularly with friends. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 279-284.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Suda
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Global Health Research, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Murayama
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ikuko Sugawara
- Faculty of Service Management, Bunri University of Hospitality, Sayama, Japan
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Takase M, Sugiura K, Sagara T, Nakamoto I, Ma PP, Muto Y, Higashi K, Fujiwara Y, Murayama H. [Association between the change in the job facilitating and inhibiting factors of care staff due to the employment of older assistant workers and the emotional exhaustion among care staff]. Nihon Koshu Eisei Zasshi 2024. [PMID: 38383034 DOI: 10.11236/jph.23-053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Objectives The mental health condition of care staff in Japan is becoming problematic. Older assistant workers are currently being employed to assist care staff with their jobs and alleviate their job burden. This employment of older assistant workers is drawing attention; however, their influence on the job facilitating and inhibiting factors of care staff and the association with the care staff's emotional exhaustion remains unclear. In this study, we aim to examine how the employment of older care assistant workers relates to the job-facilitating and job-inhibiting factors of care staff and explore that association with the care staff's emotional exhaustion.Methods Data from a mail survey of geriatric health services facilities with older assistant workers were analyzed. Among the answers obtained from the care staff, answers from 5,185 who reported working in facilities that employ older assistant workers (over the age of 60) were analyzed. The Emotional Exhaustion subscale of the Japanese Version of the Burnout Questionnaire was used as the dependent variable. The change in job-facilitating and job-inhibiting factors of care staff due to the employment of older assistant workers (improve, maintain/exacerbate) was explored for nine contents.Results Care staff reported a decrease in the total volume of the task (63.6%), less stress during daily tasks (39.8%), and more concentration on the tasks that require expert care knowledge (38.0%). The results of multiple regression analysis showed that the emotional exhaustion score of care staff was low when the total volume of tasks decreased (β=-0.383, 95%CI=-0.719, -0.047), when less stress was perceived during daily tasks (β=-0.432, 95%CI=-0.796, -0.068), when concentration on tasks that required expert care knowledge increased (β=-0.574, 95%CI=-0.937, -0.210), and when human relationships among staff improved (β=-0.871, 95%CI=-1.263, -0.480). Conversely, an increase in tasks requiring work with regional personnel and organizations (β=0.800, 95%CI=0.162, 1.437) was associated with a high emotional exhaustion score.Conclusion The employment of older care workers was related to the job-facilitating or job-inhibiting factors of care staff, and the change in these factors was associated with lower emotional exhaustion. The employment of older personnel may lower the risk of burnout among care staff.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Takase
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology
| | - Keiko Sugiura
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
| | - Tomoya Sagara
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology
| | - Isuzu Nakamoto
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology
- Department of Gerontological and Home Healthcare Nursing, Health Sciences, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Pan Pan Ma
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology
- School of Nursing at Narita, Global Health Nursing, International University of Health and Welfare
| | - Yoko Muto
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology
- National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Bureau of International Health Cooperation, Institute for Global Health Policy Research
| | | | | | - Hiroshi Murayama
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology
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Murayama H, Sugiyama M, Inagaki H, Ura C, Miyamae F, Edahiro A, Motokawa K, Okamura T, Awata S. The Relationship Between Cognitive Decline and All-Cause Mortality Is Modified by Living Alone and a Small Social Network: A Paradox of Isolation. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2023; 78:1927-1934. [PMID: 37725961 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbad134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although cognitive decline is a well-known mortality risk, it has not been adequately investigated, whether social relationships modify the relationship between cognitive decline and mortality. We examined the modifying effects of social relationships (household composition, social network [frequency of social contact with individuals outside the household], and social participation) on the association between cognitive decline and all-cause mortality in older Japanese people. METHODS In 2015, a baseline questionnaire was distributed to all 132,005 independent community-dwelling individuals aged ≥65 years resident in Adachi Ward of the Tokyo Metropolitan area. The final sample analyzed comprised 74,872 participants (men: 44.9%; mean age: 73.7 ± 6.0 years). Cognitive decline was assessed using a self-administered dementia checklist that was validated using the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale. RESULTS A Cox proportional hazard model with an average follow-up of 1,657 days revealed that cognitive decline was associated with higher mortality (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.37, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.25-1.50). We identified significant associations among household composition, social networks, and cognitive decline. Stratified analyses indicated that the cognitive decline-mortality association was stronger among participants with low contact frequency (HR = 1.60, 95% CI: 1.39-1.85) than high frequency (HR = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.11-1.39). Conversely, the association was weaker among individuals living alone (HR = 1.13, 95% CI: 0.90-1.40) than among cohabiting individuals (HR = 1.43, 95% CI: 1.29-1.57). CONCLUSIONS Although living alone and having a small social network represent an isolated status, their modifying effects were the opposite. These findings indicate that the isolation type should be considered when implementing support strategies for older adults with cognitive decline or dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Murayama
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mika Sugiyama
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Inagaki
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chiaki Ura
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumiko Miyamae
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayako Edahiro
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiko Motokawa
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Okamura
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuichi Awata
- Integrated Research Initiative for Living Well With Dementia, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
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Yokoyama Y, Nofuji Y, Seino S, Abe T, Murayama H, Narita M, Shinkai S, Kitamura A, Fujiwara Y. Association of dietary variety with the risk for dementia: the Yabu cohort study. Public Health Nutr 2023; 26:2314-2321. [PMID: 37129033 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980023000824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The consumption of various foods is internationally recommended in healthy diet although the association between dietary variety and incident dementia is unknown. We aimed to examine the association between dietary variety and the incidence of disabling dementia in older Japanese adults. DESIGN We conducted a prospective cohort study. Dietary variety was assessed based on the Dietary Variety Score (DVS). DVS was assessed by counting the number of ten food components (meat, fish/shellfish, eggs, milk, soyabean products, green/yellow vegetables, potatoes, fruit, seaweed and fats/oils) that were consumed almost daily using a FFQ. Participants were categorised into low (0-2 points), middle (3-4 points) and high (5-10 points) groups based on the DVS. Data on newly diagnosed disabling dementia were retrieved from the public long-term care insurance database. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) with 95 % CI. SETTING Yabu cohort study, Japan. PARTICIPANTS A total of 4972 community-dwelling adults aged 65 years or older. RESULTS During the median follow-up of 6·8 years, 884 participants were newly diagnosed with disabling dementia. After adjusting for confounders, the multivariable-adjusted HR for incident disabling dementia was 0·82 (95 % CI, 0·69, 0·97) for participants in the highest DVS category compared with those in the lowest DVS category (Pfor trend = 0·019). CONCLUSIONS A higher dietary variety is associated with a reduced risk of disabling dementia in older Japanese adults. These results have potential implications for the development of effective public nutritional approaches to prevent dementia in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Yokoyama
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae, Itabashi, Tokyo173-0015, Japan
| | - Yu Nofuji
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae, Itabashi, Tokyo173-0015, Japan
| | - Satoshi Seino
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae, Itabashi, Tokyo173-0015, Japan
| | - Takumi Abe
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae, Itabashi, Tokyo173-0015, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Murayama
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae, Itabashi, Tokyo173-0015, Japan
| | - Miki Narita
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae, Itabashi, Tokyo173-0015, Japan
| | - Shoji Shinkai
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, Kagawa Nutrition University, Sakado City, Saitama, Japan
| | - Akihiko Kitamura
- Health Town Development Science Center, Yao City Health Center, Yao City, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Fujiwara
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan
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Fujiwara Y, Seino S, Nofuji Y, Yokoyama Y, Abe T, Yamashita M, Hata T, Fujita K, Murayama H, Shinkai S, Kitamura A. The relationship between working status in old age and cause-specific disability in Japanese community-dwelling older adults with or without frailty: A 3.6-year prospective study. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2023; 23:855-863. [PMID: 37771279 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
AIM To examine the effects of employment engagement, classified by frailty and working status, on the incidence of disability in urban community-dwelling older adults. METHODS We used data from 6386 initially nondisabled residents aged 65-84 years from Ota City, Tokyo, Japan, in 2016. The observation duration was 3.6 years. Self-administered questionnaires applied the Cox proportional hazard model by assessing the existence of frailty through Check-List 15 (with a score ≥4 indicating the state of frailty), controlling for age, sex, living situation, education level, equivalent income, chronic conditions, body mass index, instrumental activities of daily living, self-rated health, drinking and smoking status, and social activities. We evaluated the predictive value of working status (full-time, part-time, temporary, or nonworker) at baseline for cause-specific disability (dementia-type vs. non-dementia-type) incidence, identified using the long-term care insurance system's nationally unified database. RESULTS Of the 6386 participants, 806 (63/1134 full-time workers; 58/1001 part-time workers; 61/547 temporary workers; 624/3704 nonworkers) presented with disabilities during the 3.6-year-long duration. Adjustments for conventional covariates showed that nonfrail full-time and part-time workers, as well as frail full-time workers, had significantly lower risks of all-cause disability incidence. Furthermore, nonfrail and frail full-time workers had significantly lower risks of dementia-type and nondementia-type disabilities, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The incidence of disability in older adults was influenced by working and frailty status. Engaging in full-time work thus prevents disabilities in older adults, regardless of their frailty status. Meanwhile, nonfrail older adults are able to avoid disabilities even when engaging in part-time work. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2023; 23: 855-863.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Fujiwara
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
- Integrated Research Initiative for Living Well with Dementia, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Seino
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yu Nofuji
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuri Yokoyama
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takumi Abe
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
- Integrated Research Initiative for Living Well with Dementia, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mari Yamashita
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
- Integrated Research Initiative for Living Well with Dementia, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiki Hata
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Fujita
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Murayama
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoji Shinkai
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, Kagawa Nutrition University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Akihiko Kitamura
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
- Health Town Development Science Center, Yao City Health Center, Osaka, Japan
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Kimura T, Ohta S, Murayama H. Establishment of anti-asialo-GM1 rabbit monoclonal antibodies capable of reducing natural killer cell activity in mice. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0292514. [PMID: 37812617 PMCID: PMC10561865 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Rabbit anti-asialo-GM1 (ASGM1) serum or polyclonal antibodies can eliminate mouse splenic natural killer (NK) cell activity in vitro and in vivo. We developed rabbit monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against ASGM1 using a single-cell analysis and isolation system. Five mAbs (GA109, GA115, GA116, GA131, and GA134) that were reactive to ASGM1 were isolated from the spleen lymphocytes of rabbits immunized with ASGM1. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and thin-layer chromatography immunostaining results showed that the mAbs strongly reacted with ASGM1. Two mAbs (GA116 and GA134) reacted exclusively with ASGM1, whereas three mAbs (GA109, GA115, and GA131) showed slight or considerable cross-reactivity with GM1. The administration of the mAbs (4-20 μg) to BALB/c mice completely abolished NK cell activity in vivo. The anti-ASGM1 rabbit mAbs obtained in this study may provide a useful and reproducible tool for various future studies, such as depleting NK cell activity to enhance xenograft engraftment in mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuji Kimura
- Diagnostic Division, Yamasa Corporation, Choshi, Chiba, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ohta
- Diagnostic Division, Yamasa Corporation, Choshi, Chiba, Japan
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Nitta T, Braine T, Du N, Guzzetti M, Hanretty C, Leum G, Rosenberg LJ, Rybka G, Sinnis J, Clarke J, Siddiqi I, Awida MH, Chou AS, Hollister M, Knirck S, Sonnenschein A, Wester W, Gleason JR, Hipp AT, Sikivie P, Sullivan NS, Tanner DB, Khatiwada R, Carosi G, Robertson N, Duffy LD, Boutan C, Lentz E, Oblath NS, Taubman MS, Yang J, Daw EJ, Perry MG, Bartram C, Buckley JH, Gaikwad C, Hoffman J, Murch KW, Goryachev M, Hartman E, McAllister BT, Quiskamp A, Thomson C, Tobar ME, Dror JA, Murayama H, Rodd NL. Search for a Dark-Matter-Induced Cosmic Axion Background with ADMX. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 131:101002. [PMID: 37739367 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.101002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
We report the first result of a direct search for a cosmic axion background (CaB)-a relativistic background of axions that is not dark matter-performed with the axion haloscope, the Axion Dark Matter eXperiment (ADMX). Conventional haloscope analyses search for a signal with a narrow bandwidth, as predicted for dark matter, whereas the CaB will be broad. We introduce a novel analysis strategy, which searches for a CaB induced daily modulation in the power measured by the haloscope. Using this, we repurpose data collected to search for dark matter to set a limit on the axion photon coupling of a CaB originating from dark matter cascade decay via a mediator in the 800-995 MHz frequency range. We find that the present sensitivity is limited by fluctuations in the cavity readout as the instrument scans across dark matter masses. Nevertheless, we suggest that these challenges can be surmounted using superconducting qubits as single photon counters, and allow ADMX to operate as a telescope searching for axions emerging from the decay of dark matter. The daily modulation analysis technique we introduce can be deployed for various broadband rf signals, such as other forms of a CaB or even high-frequency gravitational waves.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - J A Dror
- Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics and Department of Physics, University of California, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, California 95060, USA
| | - H Murayama
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8583, Japan
| | - N L Rodd
- Theoretical Physics Department, CERN, 1 Esplanade des Particules, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
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Murayama H, Sasaki S, Takahashi Y, Takase M, Taguchi A. Message framing effects on attitude and intention toward social participation in old age. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1713. [PMID: 37667282 PMCID: PMC10476306 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16555-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Message framing is frequently used to advocate health perceptions and behaviors. The effects of message framing on various health behaviors have been examined; however, its effects on social participation, a key determinant of healthy aging, are unclear. This study investigated the effects of message framing on older adults' attitudes and intentions toward social participation. METHODS A questionnaire survey conducted in 2020 targeted community-dwelling people aged ≥ 65 years in two rural areas in Japan. Participants were randomly allocated to four groups according to the types of framed messages to promote social participation activities: "private gain-framed message," "private loss-framed message," "public gain-framed message," or "no message." Outcomes included attitudes and intentions toward social participation (impression, interest, and readiness for social participation activities). RESULTS A total of 1,524 participants were analyzed (men: 46.3%; average age: 75.7 ± 7.9 years). Ordinal logistic regression analyses of individuals who engaged in any social participation activity showed no significant intergroup difference in the outcomes after adjusting for potential covariates. Among people who did not engage in any activity, the private loss-framed message was associated with a more favorable impression and higher interest and readiness than no message. The private gain-framed message was related to a higher interest in social participation. CONCLUSIONS Private loss-framed messages are possibly most effective in reinforcing attitudes and intentions toward social participation, particularly among individuals without social participation experience. These findings highlight the possibility of using a message-framing approach to promote social participation in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Murayama
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-Cho, Itabashi, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan.
| | - Shusaku Sasaki
- Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research (CiDER), Osaka University, 2-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuta Takahashi
- Policy Bureau, City of Yokohama, 6-50-10 Hon-Cho, Naka-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 231-0005, Japan
| | - Mai Takase
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-Cho, Itabashi, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
| | - Atsuko Taguchi
- Faculty of Nursing and Medical Care, Keio University, 4411 Endo, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 252-0883, Japan
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Nonaka K, Murayama H, Murayama Y, Murayama S, Kuraoka M, Nemoto Y, Kobayashi E, Fujiwara Y. The Impact of Generativity on Maintaining Higher-Level Functional Capacity of Older Adults: A Longitudinal Study in Japan. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:6015. [PMID: 37297619 PMCID: PMC10252339 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20116015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Generativity is defined as an individual's concern for and actions dedicated toward the well-being of others, especially youth and subsequent generations. It is a key stage of psychological development from midlife to older age and can be a guiding concept for promoting engagement of older adults in productive and contributive activities, which benefit their well-being. This study examined the longitudinal association between generativity and higher-level functional capacity (HLFC) decline in older Japanese adults. The two-year longitudinal data of 879 older adults aged 65-84 years were analyzed. Participants' HLFC and generativity were assessed using the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence and the Revised Japanese version of the Generativity Scale, respectively. The binary logistic regression analysis results showed that a higher generativity score was negatively associated with HLFC decline, indicating that generativity effectively prevents HLFC decline over 2 years. On adding the interaction term between generativity and sex to examine whether the protective effect of generativity differed by sex, we found that generativity was especially effective in protecting the HLFC decline in men with higher generativity. The study results highlight the importance of promoting engagement of older adults in generative activities to maintain their HLFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumiko Nonaka
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
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Nakamoto I, Sugiura K, Sagara T, Takase M, Ma P, Muto Y, Higashi K, Fujiwara Y, Murayama H. [Relationship between the perceived benefits of working and emotional exhaustion among older assistant care workers: A cross-sectional study]. Nihon Koshu Eisei Zasshi 2023. [PMID: 37164754 DOI: 10.11236/jph.22-111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Objectives This study is intended to clarify the perceived benefits of working among older assistant care workers employed in geriatric health service facilities and examine the relationship between perceived benefits and emotional exhaustion.Methods We analyzed data from a mail survey of older assistant care workers employed in geriatric health service facilities that the Japan Association of Geriatric Health Services Facilities conducted in 2020. In this survey, those aged ≥60 were defined as older assistant care workers. Responses were obtained from 1,606 older assistant care workers at 599 facilities. The dependent variable was the emotional exhaustion subscale of the Japanese version of the Burnout Questionnaire. The independent variables were the seven benefits of working as an assistant care worker: 1) I can contribute to society; 2) I am connected to society; 3) I have a sense of purpose in life; 4) I am earning the income I expected since I started working as an assistant care worker; 5) I am learning about care; 6) It has maintained and improved my health; and 7) I can use my time effectively. Latent class analysis (LCA) was performed using these seven benefits as independent variables. Multiple regression analysis was performed using emotional exhaustion and the perceived benefits as dependent and independent variables, respectively. The missing values were supplemented by the multiple imputation method.Results Overall, 1,601 responses were analyzed after excluding 5 respondents who did not answer all the questions. Four patterns were identified from the LCA results: the "benefit-full type," who perceived all benefits; the "benefit-less type," who perceived few benefits; the "benefit-extroverted type," who perceived social contribution and connection as benefits; and the "benefit-introverted type," who perceived health maintenance and improvement and time utilization as benefits. The multiple regression analysis showed that emotional exhaustion scores were higher for the "benefit-extroverted" and "benefit-less" types than for the "benefit-full" type (b=2.465, P<.001 and b=1.931, P<.001, respectively). No difference was found in the case of the "benefit-introverted" type (b=0.050, P=.851).Conclusion The perceptions of diverse and introverted benefits were associated with lower emotional exhaustion scores among older assistant care workers. Future intervention studies are needed to examine whether obtaining diverse or introverted benefits can decrease the emotional exhaustion score.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isuzu Nakamoto
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology
- Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University
| | - Keiko Sugiura
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology
| | - Tomoya Sagara
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology
| | - Mai Takase
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology
| | - Panpan Ma
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology
| | - Yoko Muto
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology
| | | | - Yoshinori Fujiwara
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology
| | - Hiroshi Murayama
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology
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Isamu K, Takamiya T, Amagasa S, Machida M, Kikuchi H, Fukushima N, Inoue S, Murayama H, Fujiwara T, Shobugawa Y. Correction to: The association of subjective vision with objectively measured intensity-specific physical activity and bout-specific sedentary behavior among community-dwelling older adults in Japan. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2023; 67:361-362. [PMID: 37071277 DOI: 10.1007/s10384-023-00984-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuho Isamu
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1 Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, 160-8402, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoko Takamiya
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1 Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, 160-8402, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Shiho Amagasa
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1 Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, 160-8402, Tokyo, Japan
- Graduate School of Public Health, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Machida
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1 Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, 160-8402, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kikuchi
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1 Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, 160-8402, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noritoshi Fukushima
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1 Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, 160-8402, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeru Inoue
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1 Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, 160-8402, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Murayama
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeo Fujiwara
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yugo Shobugawa
- Department of Active Aging, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
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Nofuji Y, Seino S, Abe T, Yokoyama Y, Narita M, Murayama H, Shinkai S, Kitamura A, Fujiwara Y. Effects of community-based frailty-preventing intervention on all-cause and cause-specific functional disability in older adults living in rural Japan: A propensity score analysis. Prev Med 2023; 169:107449. [PMID: 36791973 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2023.107449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Preventing frailty is crucial in aging societies. We examined the effectiveness of a community-based frailty-prevention program for delaying the onset of functional disability among community-dwelling older adults. From 2014 to 2019, 48 community-based frailty prevention classes (FPC, 60 min/session, once a week), comprising resistance exercise and nutritional or psychosocial programs, were established in Yabu City, Japan. We conducted a baseline survey in 2012 and followed up with participants for up to 6.8 years (4.8 years from establishing the first FPC). We analyzed data from 3350 older people. The primary and secondary outcomes were the onset of functional disability and cause-specific functional disability (including dementia and cardiovascular and orthopedic diseases), respectively. In addition to crude Cox proportional hazard regression, inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) and propensity score matching (PSM; 918 nonparticipants and 459 participants) were used to adjust for confounders. Participants were more likely to be female and have a healthy lifestyle than nonparticipants. During the follow-up, 690 individuals developed a functional disability. The hazard ratio of incident functional disability in the participants was significantly lower than that in nonparticipants in the IPTW (hazard ratio 0.53, 95% confidential interval 0.38-0.75) and PSM (0.52, 0.37-0.71) analyses. In age-stratified analysis, significant associations were observed only in the ≥75-year-old subgroup. In a cause-specific analysis, participation significantly and consistently reduced incident functional disability caused by dementia (IPTW 0.47, 0.25-0.86; PSM 0.45, 0.25-0.83). Community-based FPC may be effective for preventing functional disability, especially caused by dementia, in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Nofuji
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan.
| | - Satoshi Seino
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Takumi Abe
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Yuri Yokoyama
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Miki Narita
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Murayama
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Shoji Shinkai
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, Kagawa Nutrition University, 3-9-21 Chiyoda, Sakado City, Saitama 350-0288, Japan
| | - Akihiko Kitamura
- Health Town Development Science Center, Yao City Public Health Center, 1-1-1 Honmachi, Yao City, Osaka 581-0003, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Fujiwara
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
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Ide-Okochi A, He M, Murayama H, Samiso T, Yoshinaga N. Noncompliance with Hypertension Treatment and Related Factors among Kumamoto Earthquake Victims Who Experienced the COVID-19 Pandemic during Postearthquake Recovery Period. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:5203. [PMID: 36982112 PMCID: PMC10049360 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20065203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Survivors of the Kumamoto earthquake of 2016 experienced the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak while carrying additional burdens that might bring inadequate coping. This cross-sectional survey aimed to identify untreated and interrupted consultations among those with hypertension and related factors and to identify the disaster's long-term effects. Of the 19,212 earthquake survivors who had moved to permanent housing, 7367 (4196 women and 3171 men, mean age 61.8 ± 17.3 years) completed a self-administered questionnaire. The prevalence of hypertension was 41.4%. The results of the logistic regression analysis with the significant independent variables in the bivariate analysis were: reduced income due to COVID-19 (AOR = 3.23, 95%CI = 2.27-4.58) and poor self-rated health (AOR = 2.49, 95%CI = 1.72-3.61) were associated with a risk of untreated or discontinued treatment. Moreover, living in rental, public or restoration public housing was also significantly associated with a higher risk of hypertension noncompliance (AOR = 1.92, 95%CI = 1.20-3.07; AOR = 2.47, 95%CI = 1.38-4.42; AOR = 4.12, 95%CI = 1.14-14.90). These results suggest that changes due to COVID-19, the extent of self-rated health and the type of permanent housing influence the hypertension consulting behaviour of earthquake survivors during recovery. It is crucial to implement long-term public support for the mental health, income and housing concerns of the survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayako Ide-Okochi
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto City 862-0976, Japan
| | - Mu He
- Graduate School of Health Sciences Education, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto City 862-0976, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Murayama
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Tomonori Samiso
- Health and Welfare Policy Division, Health and Welfare Bureau, Kumamoto City 860-0808, Japan
| | - Naoki Yoshinaga
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki City 889-1692, Japan
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Murayama H, Shimada S, Takahashi Y. [Effectiveness of letter and telephone reminders for specific health guidance use: A randomized controlled trial for those intending to use health guidance in a large city]. Nihon Koshu Eisei Zasshi 2023. [PMID: 36908152 DOI: 10.11236/jph.22-107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Objectives Medical insurers have applied a reminder (i.e., recall) system to improve the implementation rate of specific health guidance. However, the effectiveness of the system has not been verified. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of two methods of specific health guidance reminders (i.e., letter and telephone) using a randomized controlled trial.Methods Subscribers of National Health Insurance in Yokohama City, Kanagawa Prefecture, who were eligible for specific health guidance in 2020, were recruited. A specific health examination questionnaire was used to identify participants intending to use health guidance. The intervention period was from September to November 2020, with 252 people being randomly assigned to one of the three groups: a "no-reminder group," "a letter-reminder group," or "a telephone-reminder group" (84 people each). Those in the letter-reminder group received a reminder by mail and those in the telephone-reminder group received a reminder by phone from a public health nurse two weeks after the specific health guidance coupon was sent to the participants by mail. The outcome showed the utilization rate of specific health guidance. Chi-square tests were performed to compare the three groups and conduct multiple comparisons (post-hoc test).Results The participants had a mean age of 61.4±11.0 years and 70.6% were male. There was no difference among the three groups in terms of demographic characteristics and the results of specific health examinations. The utilization rates of specific health guidance were 20.2% in the no-reminder group, 22.6% in the letter-reminder group, and 20.2% in the telephone-reminder group; thus, the three groups did not significantly differ (χ2=0.191, P=0.909). Multiple comparisons also showed no difference between any two groups. However, in the telephonereminder group, 56.0% of the participants themselves or their family members could be reached by a public health nurse, and their utilization rate was higher than those participants whom a public health nurse could not reach.Conclusion Neither letter nor telephone reminders changed the participants' utilization rates of specific health guidance compared to those with no reminder. Although the effectiveness of a telephone reminder might be underestimated, this study suggests setting a lower priority in reminding those who intend to use health guidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Murayama
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
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26
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Abe T, Fujita K, Sagara T, Ishibashi T, Morishita K, Murayama H, Sakurai R, Osuka Y, Watanabe S, Fujiwara Y. Associations between frailty status, work-related accidents and efforts for safe work among older workers in Tokyo: A cross-sectional study. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2023; 23:234-238. [PMID: 36746782 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM Working in old age not only solves the labor shortage in Japan, but also benefits the health of the older workers; however, work-related accidents are a major concern. Functional impairment is an important factor in such accidents. The first aim was to examine the association between frailty status and work-related accidents, and the second aim was to identify those who utilize the opportunity to learn about safe work. METHODS The participants were 7265 members of the Silver Human Resource Center in Tokyo, engaged in non-regular and indeterminate paid work. The frailty status (robust, pre-frail and frail) was assessed using the frailty screening index. We obtained data on self-reported work-related accidents that occurred in the past year, and the experience of participation in workshops and reading brochures for safe work. Modified Poisson regression analysis was carried out to calculate the prevalence ratio. RESULTS The prevalence of robust, pre-frailty and frailty were 26.3%, 63.3% and 10.4%, respectively. The percentage of participants who reported work-related accidents was 9.4%. Relative to robust participants, pre-frail and frail participants showed 1.57-fold (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.28-1.93) and 2.31-fold (95% CI 1.79-2.98) higher prevalence ratios of work-related accidents, respectively. The prevalence ratio in pre-frail and frail participants were 1.08 (95% CI 1.04-1.11) and 1.14 (95% CI 1.09-1.20), respectively, for non-participation in workshops, and 1.17 (95% CI 1.06-1.29) and 1.39 (95% CI 1.20-1.61), respectively, for not reading brochures. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest the importance of support for older workers with functional impairment, as well as those without to continue to work safely. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2023; 23: 234-238.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Abe
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.,Center for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Koji Fujita
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoya Sagara
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Kumi Morishita
- Dia Foundation for Research on Aging Societies, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Murayama
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryota Sakurai
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yosuke Osuka
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Yoshinori Fujiwara
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
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Murayama H, Takagi Y, Tsuda H, Kato Y. Applying Nudge to Public Health Policy: Practical Examples and Tips for Designing Nudge Interventions. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:3962. [PMID: 36900972 PMCID: PMC10002044 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20053962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Given the cost-effective nature of promoting desirable behaviors among individuals and societies, national and local governments have widely applied the nudge concept in various public policy fields. This viewpoint briefly explains the concept of nudge and presents the trend of nudge application in public health policy with illustrative examples. While most academic evidence on its effectiveness has been derived from Western countries, there is a significant accumulation of cases of nudge practices in non-Western countries, including the Western Pacific nations. This viewpoint also provides tips for designing nudge interventions. We introduce a simple, three-step procedure for this purpose: (1) identify target behavior, (2) determine friction and fuel of the behavior, and (3) design and implement a nudge-as well as the behavioral process map and the EAST framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Murayama
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
- Yokohama Behavioral insights and Design Team, Kanagawa 231-0005, Japan
| | - Yusuke Takagi
- Yokohama Behavioral insights and Design Team, Kanagawa 231-0005, Japan
- City of Yokohama, Yokohama 231-0005, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Tsuda
- Ministry of Finance, Tokyo 100-8940, Japan
- PolicyGarage, Kanagawa 231-0005, Japan
| | - Yuri Kato
- PolicyGarage, Kanagawa 231-0005, Japan
- Ministry of the Environment, Tokyo 100-8975, Japan
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Murayama H, Shimada S, Morito K, Maeda H, Takahashi Y. Evaluating the Effectiveness of Letter and Telephone Reminders in Promoting the Use of Specific Health Guidance in an At-Risk Population for Metabolic Syndrome in Japan: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:3784. [PMID: 36900792 PMCID: PMC10001113 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20053784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Japan has introduced a nationwide lifestyle intervention program (specific health guidance) for people aged 40-74 years. Medical insurers apply a reminder system to improve their utilization rates. This study examined the effectiveness of two methods of reminders (mailed letters and telephone calls) in a randomized controlled trial. Subscribers to National Health Insurance in Yokohama City, Kanagawa Prefecture, who were eligible for specific health guidance in 2021, were recruited. A total of 1377 people who met the criteria of having or being at risk of developing metabolic syndrome (male: 77.9%, mean age: 63.1 ± 10.0 years) were randomly assigned to one of three groups: a "no reminder" group, a "letter reminder" group, or a "telephone reminder" group. The utilization rates of specific health guidance were not significantly different between the three groups (10.5%, 15.3%, and 13.7%, respectively). However, in the case of the telephone reminder group, a subgroup analysis showed that the utilization rate was significantly higher among participants who received the reminder than those who did not answer the calls. Although the effectiveness of a telephone reminder might be underestimated, this study suggests that neither method impacted the utilization rates of specific health guidance among the population at risk of metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Murayama
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | | | | | - Haruna Maeda
- Health and Welfare Bureau, Yokohama 231-0005, Japan
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Kitago M, Seino S, Shinkai S, Nofuji Y, Yokoyama Y, Toshiki H, Abe T, Taniguchi Y, Amano H, Murayama H, Kitamura A, Akishita M, Fujiwara Y. Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Associations of Creatinine-to-Cystatin C Ratio with Sarcopenia Parameters in Older Adults. J Nutr Health Aging 2023; 27:946-952. [PMID: 37997714 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-023-2029-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Accumulating evidence from cross-sectional studies suggests that the serum creatinine-to-cystatin C ratio (CCR) may be a useful biomarker for sarcopenia. This study aimed to assess the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of CCR with sarcopenia and its parameters in community-dwelling older adults. DESIGN Cross-sectional and longitudinal study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS This 6-year prospective cohort study included the repeated measurement data from 1,253 Japanese residents (662 males and 591 females) aged ≥65 years who underwent medical checkups in Kusatsu and Hatoyama, Japan. A total of 4,421 observations were collected. MEASUREMENTS The CCR was grouped into quartiles by sex (Q1-Q4) using Q4 as the reference category. Sarcopenia was defined according to the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 algorithm. Skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) measured using segmental multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis, handgrip strength (HGS), usual gait speed (UGS), and maximal gait speed (MGS) were measured repeatedly as sarcopenia parameters. The association of the CCR with changes in sarcopenia, SMI, HGS, UGS, and MGS during the 6-year period were analyzed using a generalized linear mixed-effects model. RESULTS The prevalence of sarcopenia at baseline was 13.1% (11.9% in males and 14.5% in females). In a cross-sectional analysis, the CCR quartile was inversely associated with sarcopenia and was positively associated with SMI, HGS, and MGS (P for trend < 0.001). In a longitudinal analysis during the 6 years, a significant increase in sarcopenia in Q2 (B = 1.1% point/year; P = 0.026 for group-by-time interaction) and significant declines in SMI (B = -0.01 kg/m2/year; P = 0.044 for group-by-time interaction) and MGS (B = -0.008 m/sec/year; P = 0.041 for group-by-time interaction) in Q1 were observed compared with Q4. However, the dose-response relationship was significant only for MGS (P = 0.033 for trend). No significant group-by-time interaction was observed for HGS. CCR was not significantly associated with UGS either cross-sectionally or longitudinally. CONCLUSIONS CCR is a useful biomarker regarding the status of sarcopenia. It may be used for sarcopenia screening even in older adults whose physical function is difficult to assess. However, further longitudinal studies are needed to determine whether CCR can be a predictor of future sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kitago
- Yoshinori Fujiwara, MD, PhD, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae, Itabashi, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan, Phone: +81-3-3964-3241, E-mail:
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30
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Taniguchi Y, Yokoyama Y, Ikeuchi T, Mitsutake S, Murayama H, Abe T, Seino S, Amano H, Nishi M, Hagiwara Y, Shinkai S, Kitamura A, Fujiwara Y. Pet ownership-related differences in medical and long-term care costs among community-dwelling older Japanese. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0277049. [PMID: 36706080 PMCID: PMC9882963 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This study examined the differences in medical and long-term care costs over 18 months between pet owners and non-owners among community-dwelling older Japanese. Pet ownership data were collected from 460 community-dwelling adults age 65 years and older. These data were matched with data from the National Health Insurance, health insurance for older people, and Long-Term Care Insurance beneficiaries for 17 months back from the survey on pet ownership. Pet-ownership group-specific trajectories in monthly medical and long-term care costs were modeled by a generalized estimating equation. Among pet owners (n = 96, 20.9%) and non-pet owners (n = 364, 79.1%) there were no significant differences in baseline demographic or health characteristics including chronic disease and self-reported long-term care level. At baseline, pet owners had estimated monthly medical costs of ¥48,054 (SE = 0.11; $418), compared to ¥42,260 (SE = 0.06; $367) for non-pet owners. The monthly medical costs did not differ significantly between the two groups during the 18-month follow-up period. At baseline, estimated monthly long-term care costs of pet owners and non-pet owners were ¥676 (SE = 0.75; $6) and ¥1,420 (SE = 0.52; $12), respectively. During the follow-up period, the non-pet owner to owner ratio of monthly long-term care costs was 1.2 at minimum and 2.3 at maximum. This study showed that monthly long-term care costs for pet owners were approximately half those of non-pet owners. Pet owners might use long-term care services less frequently, or use lighter care services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Taniguchi
- Japan Environment and Children’s Study Programme Office, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Yuri Yokoyama
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoko Ikeuchi
- Research Team for Human Care, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seigo Mitsutake
- Research Team for Human Care, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Murayama
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takumi Abe
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Seino
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidenori Amano
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mariko Nishi
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Hagiwara
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoji Shinkai
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
- Faculty of Nutrition, Kagawa Nutrition University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Akihiko Kitamura
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Fujiwara
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
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Murayama H, Suda T, Nakamoto I, Shinozaki T, Tabuchi T. Changes in social isolation and loneliness prevalence during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan: The JACSIS 2020-2021 study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1094340. [PMID: 36875370 PMCID: PMC9978762 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1094340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The recent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has changed people's social connections with others and society. This study aimed to describe changes in the prevalence of social isolation and loneliness by demographic characteristics, socioeconomic status, health conditions, and outbreak situations in residential prefectures among Japanese people between the first year (2020) and the second year (2021) of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods We used data from the Japan COVID-19 and Society Internet Survey (JACSIS) study, a large-scale web-based nationwide survey conducted with 53,657 participants aged 15-79 years in August-September 2020 and September-October 2021 (25,482 and 28,175 participants, respectively). Social isolation was defined as less than once a week in the total frequency of contact with family members or relatives who were living apart and friends/neighbors. Loneliness was assessed using the three-item University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) Loneliness Scale (score range, 3-12). We used generalized estimating equations to estimate the prevalence of social isolation and loneliness in each year and the difference in prevalence between 2020 and 2021. Results The weighted proportion (95% confidence interval) of social isolation in the total sample was 27.4% (25.9, 28.9) in 2020 and 22.7% (21.9, 23.5) in 2021, representing a change of -4.7 percentage points (-6.3, -3.1). The weighted mean scores of the UCLA Loneliness Scale were 5.03 (4.86, 5.20) in 2020 and 5.86 (5.81, 5.91) in 2021, representing a change of 0.83 points (0.66, 1.00). The detailed trend changes for social isolation and loneliness were noted in the demographic subgroups of socioeconomic status, health conditions, and outbreak situation in the residential prefecture. Conclusion Social isolation decreased from the first to the second year of the COVID-19 pandemic, whereas loneliness increased. Assessing the COVID-19 pandemic's impact on social isolation and loneliness contributes to understanding who was particularly vulnerable during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Murayama
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takumi Suda
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Global Health Research, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Isuzu Nakamoto
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Gerontological and Home Healthcare Nursing, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi, Japan
| | | | - Takahiro Tabuchi
- Cancer Control Center, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
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Misaki S, Murayama H, Sugiyama M, Inagaki H, Okamura T, Ura C, Miyamae F, Edahiro A, Motokawa K, Awata S. [Classification of community-dwelling older people based on their physical, mental, cognitive, and oral functions and comorbidities and its relationship with the fall history]. Nihon Ronen Igakkai Zasshi 2023; 60:364-372. [PMID: 38171753 DOI: 10.3143/geriatrics.60.364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
AIM To prevent falls among older adults, healthcare professionals need to assess these individuals from multiple perspectives. This study aimed to group community-dwelling older Japanese people based on their physical, mental, cognitive, and oral functions and comorbidities, and compare the history of falling in these groups. METHODS Data were obtained from a cross-sectional survey conducted in 2015 among older residents of a ward of Tokyo. For the survey, a questionnaire was distributed to all residents aged ≥65 years without a certificate of long-term care (n = 132,005). Questions were posed concerning respondents' physical, mental, cognitive, and oral functions; comorbidities; and experience with falling in the past year. Cluster and logistic regression analyses were performed. RESULTS A total of 70,746 participants (53.4%) were included in the analysis. The mean age was 73.6 years old, and 44.9% were male. Four groups were identified in the cluster analysis: the "good general condition group" (n = 37,797, 52.4%), "poor mental function group" (n = 10,736, 14.7%), "moderate physical function group" (n = 13,461, 19.0%), and "poor general condition group" (n = 9,122, 12.9%). A logistic regression analysis with adjusting for socio-demographic characteristics, health behaviors, and fear of falling showed that the odds ratios for the experience of falling within the past year were 1.44 (95% confidence interval: 1.34-1.53), 1.54 (1.44-1.65), and 2.52 (2.34-2.71) in the poor mental function, moderate physical function, and poor general condition groups, respectively, with the good general condition group as the reference. CONCLUSIONS We classified community-dwelling older adults into four groups based on multiple functions and found possible variations in the risk of falling by group. These findings suggest that such classification may be useful for the prevention of falls.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hiroshi Murayama
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology
| | - Mika Sugiyama
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology
| | - Hiroki Inagaki
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology
| | - Tsuyoshi Okamura
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology
| | - Chiaki Ura
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology
| | - Fumiko Miyamae
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology
| | - Ayako Edahiro
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology
| | - Keiko Motokawa
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology
| | - Shuichi Awata
- Integrated Research Initiative for Living Well with Dementia, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology
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Tani Y, Fujiwara T, Sugihara G, Hanazato M, Suzuki N, Machida M, Amagasa S, Murayama H, Inoue S, Shobugawa Y. Neighborhood Beauty and the Brain in Older Japanese Adults. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 20:679. [PMID: 36612997 PMCID: PMC9819975 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
People have a preference for, and feel better in, beautiful natural environments. However, there are no epidemiological studies on the association between neighborhood beauty and neuroimaging measures. We aimed to determine association between neighborhood beauty and regional brain volume. Participants were 476 community-dwelling older adults from the Neuron to Environmental Impact across Generations (NEIGE) study. Subjective neighborhood beauty was assessed through participants’ perception of beautiful scenery within 1 km of their home. Objective measures of neighborhood indicators (green spaces, blue spaces, and plant diversity) within 1 km of participants’ homes were obtained using a geographic information system. Volumes of brain regions associated with experience of beauty were measured using magnetic resonance imaging. We estimated associations between neighborhood beauty and regional brain volume using linear regression. Of the participants, 42% rated their neighborhoods as very beautiful, and 17% rated them as not at all beautiful. Higher subjective neighborhood beauty was associated with larger bilateral medial orbitofrontal cortex and insula volumes (all p for trend < 0.01). Brain volume was not associated with objective neighborhood measures. Subjective neighborhood beauty was associated with brain regions related to rewards and decision making, suggesting that these brain regions underpin the perception of neighborhood beauty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukako Tani
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Takeo Fujiwara
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Genichi Sugihara
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Masamichi Hanazato
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Norimichi Suzuki
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Masaki Machida
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan
| | - Shiho Amagasa
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Murayama
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Shigeru Inoue
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan
| | - Yugo Shobugawa
- Department of Active Ageing (Donated by Tokamachi City, Niigata), Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
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Murayama H, Sugawara I. DECREASED FREQUENCY OF SMALL TALK DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND MENTAL HEALTH: LONGITUDINAL SURVEYS IN JAPAN. Innov Aging 2022. [PMCID: PMC9766814 DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igac059.2632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has drastically reduced opportunities for small talk. As small talk involves socializing, such deprivation can be stressful. This study examined the association between the change in frequency of small talk before and during the pandemic and the mental health of middle-aged and older people. We conducted web-based longitudinal questionnaire surveys from March to May 2020 and from September to October 2021 among members of a Japanese social networking service. We analyzed 867 responses of people who participated in both surveys (mean age, 68.0 ± 8.0 years; men, 68.1%). This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of University of Tokyo. Change in small talk frequency before and during the pandemic was assessed using a single item, “Have the opportunities for small talk (including face-to-face, phone, video call, etc.) with someone other than cohabiting family members changed?” We divided the responses into “increase,” “no change,” and “decrease.” Mental health outcomes included psychological well-being and loneliness. A total of 57.0%, 34.4%, and 8.7% reported “decrease,” “no change,” and “increase,” respectively, from before to during the pandemic. After adjusting for potential covariates, multiple regression analyses showed that people who felt their small talk frequency decreased during the pandemic compared to pre-pandemic period had lower psychological well-being and greater loneliness than those who did not. We observed no interaction between change in small talk frequency and age/sex. Our study quantitatively revealed the importance of small talk during the pandemic in maintaining mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Murayama
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ikuko Sugawara
- Bunri University of Hospitality, Suginami-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Nakamoto I, Murayama H, Takase M, Muto Y, Saito T, Tabuchi T. ASSOCIATION BETWEEN INCREASED CAREGIVER BURDEN AND MENTAL HEALTH DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN JAPAN. Innov Aging 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igac059.2056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, informal caregivers’ mental health was more deteriorated than non-caregivers. The objective of this study was to examine the association between increased caregiver burden and severe psychological distress (SPD) during the pandemic. We used cross-sectional data from a nationwide internet survey conducted between August and September 2020 in Japan. Of 25,482 participants aged 15–79 years, 1,920 informal caregivers were analyzed (mean age, 52.3 ± 15.9 years; men, 48.8%). SPD was defined as the Kessler 6 Scale (K6) ≥ 13. The self-rated change in caregiver burden was measured with the single question item. A binary logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between SPD and increased caregiver burden, adjusted for demographic, socioeconomic, health, and caregiving variables. To examine the differential association between increased caregiver burden and SPD, interaction terms were added and binary logistic regression was separately conducted in all variables. Of total caregivers, 56.7% reported the increased caregiver burden and 19.3% were SPD. Increased caregiver burden was significantly associated with SPD, with an adjusted odds ratio 1.90 (95% confidence interval 1.37–2.66). The association between increased caregiver burden and SPD was stronger among married caregivers, with disease treatment, and with their care-receiver’s care need level 1–2 (Japanese long term care service levels). This study demonstrated that increased caregiver burden was associated with SPD during the pandemic. Therefore, measures against mental health for the caregivers with increased caregiver burden need to be implemented immediately.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hiroshi Murayama
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology , Tokyo, Tokyo , Japan
| | - Mai Takase
- The University of Tokyo , Tokyo, Tokyo , Japan
| | - Yoko Muto
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology , Tokyo, Tokyo , Japan
| | - Tami Saito
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology , Obu, Aichi , Japan
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Sugiura K, Nonaka K, Murayama S, Fujiwara Y, Murayama H. [Actual work situation of second-layer Seikatsu-shien coordinators before and after the first emergency declaration during the COVID-19 pandemic]. Nihon Koshu Eisei Zasshi 2022; 69:883-894. [PMID: 35768234 DOI: 10.11236/jph.21-152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective This study aims to understand the status of the resident support activities of second-layer Seikatsu-shien coordinators, who assist in local residents' community development activities, based on long-term care. It observes the effects of these activities, and the presence or absence of relevant instructions from the government or affiliated institutions during and after a state of emergency, such as a lockdown situation. This was examined during the first state of emergency following the COVID-19 crisis, from April to May 2020.Method In October 2020, a self-administered questionnaire was distributed by mail to 279 second-layer Seikatsu-shien coordinators working in Tokyo's special wards, and 181 responses were collected. The survey focused on the coordinators' activities and activity frequency before the spread of COVID-19, during the state of emergency, and after the activities resumed. Furthermore, the survey questioned whether relevant instructions from the government or affiliated institutions were given during the state of emergency and after the activities resumed. Their details were confirmed in the free comments section.Activity In creating and revising regional diagnosis tables for the area covered, creating and distributing information magazines and leaflets, etc. included in "understanding social resources and providing information to relevant parties," activity frequency was significantly higher after activities resumed, than before the spread of infection. During the state of emergency, activity frequency was high in the affiliated institution, and only 3.4% of the coordinators visited and spoke to local residents; 91.1% of respondents received instructions from government and affiliated institutions during the state of emergency, and activity frequency was significantly higher when there were instructions; 76.5% received instructions after resuming activities, and activity frequency, such as understanding residents' needs through individual interviews and visits, matching them with services, and supporting the resumption of activity groups was significantly higher when instructions were provided.Conclusion After resuming activities, understanding the value of social resources and providing information to the relevant parties was prioritized. During the state of emergency, almost no visits or calls were made to local residents. The frequency of activities to reach out to residents was higher in the presence of instructions, especially after activities resumed. It was suggested that with the rapid spread of a new infectious disease, confusion will likely occur in the field, and having specific instructions will affect the Seikatsu-shien coordinators' activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Sugiura
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
| | - Kumiko Nonaka
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
| | - Sachiko Murayama
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
| | - Yoshinori Fujiwara
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
| | - Hiroshi Murayama
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
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Matsuyama Y, Fujiwara T, Murayama H, Machida M, Inoue S, Shobugawa Y. Differences in Brain Volume by Tooth Loss and Cognitive Function in Older Japanese Adults. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2022; 30:1271-1279. [PMID: 35831211 DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2022.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated the association between tooth loss and structural brain volume and its mediating effect on the association between tooth loss and cognitive function in older Japanese. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted by using the data of 494 randomly sampled community-dwelling individuals aged 65-84 years living in Tokamachi City, Japan. Total brain volume (TBV), gray matter volume (GMV), white matter volume (WMV), and hippocampal volume (HV) were measured with magnetic resonance imaging. The association of self-reported number of teeth (≥20, 1-19, and 0) with cognitive function assessed with the Japanese version of the Quick Mild Cognitive Impairment screen and structural brain volume was examined. Causal mediation analysis was performed to evaluate the mediating effect of structural brain volume. Age, sex, socioeconomic status, health behavior, comorbid conditions, and total intracranial volume were adjusted. RESULTS Respondents with no teeth showed lower cognitive function (coefficient = -4.01; 95% confidence interval [CI]: -7.19, -0.82), lower TBV (coefficient = -10.34; 95% CI: -22.84, 2.17), and lower GMV (coefficient = -6.92; 95% CI: -14.84, 0.99) than those with ≥20 teeth (P for trends were 0.003, 0.035, and 0.047, respectively). The number of teeth was not significantly associated with WMV or HV. GMV showed a significant mediating effect on the association between the number of teeth and cognitive function (coefficient = -0.38; 95% CI: -1.14, -0.002, corresponding to 9.0% of the total effect), whereas TBV did not. CONCLUSIONS GMV was suggested to mediate the relationship between tooth loss and lower cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Matsuyama
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (YM, TF), Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Takeo Fujiwara
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (YM, TF), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Murayama
- Research Team for Social participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology (HM), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Machida
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University (MM, SI), Tokyo, Japan; Department of Infection Prevention and Control, Tokyo Medical University Hospital (MM), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeru Inoue
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University (MM, SI), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yugo Shobugawa
- Department of Active Ageing (donated by Tokamachi city, Niigata Japan), Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences (YS), Niigata, Japan
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Saito J, Murayama H, Ueno T, Saito M, Haseda M, Saito T, Kondo K, Kondo N. Functional disability trajectories at the end of life among Japanese older adults: findings from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study (JAGES). Age Ageing 2022; 51:6834144. [PMID: 36413588 PMCID: PMC9681128 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afac260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND this study aimed to identify distinct subgroups of trajectories of disability over time before 3 years of death and examine the factors associated with trajectory group membership probabilities among community-dwelling Japanese older adults aged 65 years and above. METHODS participants included 4,875 decedents from among community-dwelling Japanese older adults, aged ≥ 65 years at baseline (men: 3,020; women: 1,855). The certified long-term care levels of the national long-term care insurance (LTCI) system were used as an index of functional disability. We combined data from the 2010 Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study and data from the 2010 to 2016 LTCI system. Group-based mixture models and multinominal logistic regression models were used for data analysis. RESULTS five distinct trajectories of functional disability in the last 3 years of life were identified: 'persistently severe disability' (10.3%), 'persistently mild disability' (13.0%), 'accelerated disability' (12.6%), 'catastrophic disability' (18.8%) and 'minimum disability' (45.2%). Multinominal logistic regression analysis found several factors associated with trajectory membership; self-rated health was a common predictor regardless of age and gender. The analysis also showed a paradoxical association; higher education was associated with trajectory group membership probabilities of more severe functional decline in men over 85 years at death. CONCLUSIONS individual perception of health was a strong predictor of trajectories, independent of demographic factors and socio-economic status. Our findings contribute to the development of policies for the long-term care system, particularly for end-of-life care, in Asian countries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Takayuki Ueno
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masashige Saito
- Faculty of Social Welfare, Nihon Fukushi University, Aichi, Japan,Center for Well-being and Society, Nihon Fukushi University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Maho Haseda
- Department of Social Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine and School of Public Health, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tami Saito
- Department of Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan
| | - Katsunori Kondo
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan,Center for Well-being and Society, Nihon Fukushi University, Aichi, Japan,Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan
| | - Naoki Kondo
- Address correspondence to: Naoki Kondo, Department of Social Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine and School of Public Health, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
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Fujiwara Y, Kondo K, Koyano W, Murayama H, Shinkai S, Fujita K, Arai H, Horiuchi F. Social frailty as social aspects of frailty: Research, practical activities, and prospects. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2022; 22:991-996. [DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Fujiwara
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Tokyo Japan
| | - Katsunori Kondo
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences Chiba University Chiba Japan
| | - Wataru Koyano
- Faculty of Psychology and Social Welfare Seigakuin University Ageo Japan
| | - Hiroshi Murayama
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Tokyo Japan
| | | | - Koji Fujita
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Tokyo Japan
| | - Hidenori Arai
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology Obu Japan
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Murayama H, Kurotani K, Tabuchi T. Social Capital and the Spread of Children's Cafeterias ( Kodomo Shokudo) in Japan: An Ecological Analysis. Asia Pac J Public Health 2022; 34:817-820. [PMID: 35950628 DOI: 10.1177/10105395221119416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Murayama
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kayo Kurotani
- Faculty of Food and Health Sciences, Showa Women's University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Tabuchi
- Cancer Control Center, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
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Takase M, Murayama H. Experience of voluntary support provision in youth is associated with later-life supportive actions: A community-based study in Japan. Health Soc Care Community 2022; 30:e6438-e6446. [PMID: 36256503 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.14087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Enhancing the voluntary supportive actions of older adults towards other community-dwelling citizens is an important measure for a healthy community. Volunteering action in adulthood is related to the volunteering actions of older adults' parents, which they remember from their youth. In this study, the association between parents' former voluntary supportive actions and the current voluntary supportive actions of older adults is explored. Questionnaires were distributed to community-dwelling citizens aged 65 years and above, in Tokamachi city, Niigata Prefecture, Japan (response rate: 81.7%). Participants self-reported their current voluntary supportive actions and reported on their parents' former voluntary actions during their youth. The results indicated that the current voluntary supportive actions of the study participants were related to the former voluntary actions of their parents (OR: 2.28, 95% CI: 1.62-3.20). Moreover, the participants were more likely to extend support in contexts which are more closely related to one's private life, only when their parents provided support in those private contexts. The study provides implications for the importance of considering life experiences when facilitating voluntary supportive actions and renders information on how unique strategies should to be implemented to involve individuals who are unfamiliar with volunteering actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Takase
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi-ku, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Murayama
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi-ku, Japan
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Sagara T, Murayama H, Takahashi T, Nishinakagawa M, Fujiwara Y. [Characteristics of older people who have an intention to work as assistance personnel for long-term care or childcare]. Nihon Koshu Eisei Zasshi 2022; 69:779-789. [PMID: 35768229 DOI: 10.11236/jph.21-119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objectives With the rapid progress of aging society and decreasing population, there is a shortage of workers in various areas, which has become a serious problem especially in the welfare field, for long-term care and childcare. As one of the countermeasures, some efforts are being made to hire people who are living independent daily lives, as auxiliary personnel, and have them take charge of non-specialized peripheral work of the facilities. The purpose of this study was to examine the characteristics of older adults who have an intention to work as auxiliary personnel in the welfare field.Methods A self-response questionnaire survey was conducted from October to November 2019 for 374 members of "REPRINTS" who are picture-book reading volunteers, aged 60 years or more, and are living in the capital area. There were 295 valid responses. We performed logistic regression analysis using the presence or absence of intention to work for long-term care assistance and for childcare assistance as the dependent variables. The missing values were supplemented by the multiple imputation method (10 files were created).Results The results of analysis revealed that 24.9% of the respondents had an intention to work for long-term care assistance, and 36.6% for childcare assistance. From the results of logistic regression analysis, it was found that among those intending to work in long-term care assistance, participants involved in lifelong learning activities had significantly higher intention to work (OR: 2.98, 95%CI: 1.40-6.34). Among those intending to work in childcare assistance, those with a high subjective sense of health had a significantly higher intention to work (OR: 2.41, 95%CI: 1.01-5.76).Conclusion The intention of work for childcare assistance was higher than that for long-term care assistance. A notable characteristic of older people willing to work as assistants in the welfare field is that those who participate in lifelong learning activities would be willing to actively work for long-term care assistance, and those with high subjective health would be willing to actively work for childcare assistance. By focusing on the older people with these characteristics, we may be able to contribute to identifying the those among them who want to work as assistant personnel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Sagara
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
- Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Tsukuba
| | - Hiroshi Murayama
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
| | - Tomoya Takahashi
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
| | - Maki Nishinakagawa
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
| | - Yoshinori Fujiwara
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
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Nemoto Y, Nonaka K, Kuraoka M, Murayama S, Tanaka M, Matsunaga H, Murayama Y, Murayama H, Kobayashi E, Inaba Y, Watanabe S, Maruo K, Fujiwara Y. Effects of intergenerational contact on social capital in community-dwelling adults aged 25–84 years: a non-randomized community-based intervention. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1815. [PMID: 36153514 PMCID: PMC9508708 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14205-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Accumulating social capital in urban areas is essential to improve community health. Previous studies suggested that intergenerational contact may be effective for enhancing social capital. However, no study has examined the effect of intergenerational contact on social capital through a population-based evaluation. This study aimed to investigate the effects of a community-based intervention to increase the frequency of intergenerational contact on social capital among adults aged 25–84 years. Methods This study used a non-randomized controlled trial design to conduct a community-based intervention (from March 2016 to March 2019). The study area was Tama ward, Kawasaki city, Kanagawa, Japan. The area comprises five districts; one district was assigned as the intervention group and the other four districts as the control group. We provided the intervention to residents in the intervention group. The intervention comprised three phases: Phase 1 was the preparation term (organizing the project committee); Phase 2 was the implementation term (trained volunteer staff members, conducted the intergenerational greeting campaign, and held intergenerational contact events); and Phase 3 was the transition term (surrendering the lead role of the project to the city hall field workers). In the control group, field workers provided public health services as usual. We conducted mail surveys in September 2016 and November 2018 to assess the effects of the intervention on social capital during Phase 2. Eligible participants were randomly selected from community-dwelling adults aged 25–84 years according to age (10,620 control group individuals and 4479 intervention group individuals). We evaluated social trust, norm of reciprocity, and social support as outcome variables. Results In total, 2518 participants completed both surveys and were analyzed (control group: 1727; intervention group: 791). We found that social trust (coefficient = 0.065; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.006, 0.125) and norm of reciprocity (coefficient = 0.084; 95% CI: 0.020, 0.149) positively changed in the intervention group compared with the control group. Conclusions This community-based intervention may contribute to sustaining and improving social capital among community-dwelling adults. Trial registration: UMIN000046769 (UMIN-CTR); first registered on January 28, 2022 (retrospectively registered). Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-14205-6.
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Murayama H, Takase M, Watanabe S, Sugiura K, Nakamoto I, Fujiwara Y. Employment in old age and all-cause mortality: A systematic review. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2022; 22:705-714. [PMID: 35924632 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Social participation promotes and maintains the health of older adults. Working is a type of social participation; however, the effect of employment in old age on health outcomes has not been established. This study aimed to review the relationship between employment in old age (≥60 years) and all-cause mortality. For this systematic review, a computerized search was performed using PubMed, CINAHL and PsycINFO for prospective studies published through June 2020. The observational studies were extracted according to the study participants, indicators, follow-up period, statistical approach and main results. The quality of the studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Of the 37 832 records identified, 14 studies were included in the systematic review based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Eight studies were derived from Asian countries (four from Japan, two from Taiwan and one from Thailand and South Korea), three were from the United States, two were from Israel and one was from Brazil. The baseline data of 13 studies were collected before 2000. Thirteen of the 14 studies reported any association between employment in later life and a lower risk of mortality. Four studies examined the sex-related differences in the effect of later-life employment on all-cause mortality, but the association was controversial. Overall, we revealed that working in old age would lower mortality risk. Although more findings based on recent data are required, this study indicates that working later in life is beneficial for promoting and maintaining health. Geriatr Gerontol Int ••; ••: ••-•• Geriatr Gerontol Int 2022; ••: ••-••.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Murayama
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mai Takase
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Saya Watanabe
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.,Faculty of Human Sciences, Bunkyo University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Keiko Sugiura
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Isuzu Nakamoto
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Fujiwara
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
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45
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Ueda T, Kuraoka M, Seino S, Kobayashi E, Hattori S, Sawaoka S, Nofuji Y, Motokawa Y, Nonaka K, Murayama H, Fujiwara Y. [Suggestions on the application of concepts and types of "Kayoinoba" contributing to long-term care prevention]. Nihon Koshu Eisei Zasshi 2022; 69:497-504. [PMID: 35545522 DOI: 10.11236/jph.21-140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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46
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Nakamoto I, Murayama H, Takase M, Muto Y, Saito T, Tabuchi T. Association between increased caregiver burden and severe psychological distress for informal caregivers during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan: A cross-sectional study. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2022; 102:104756. [PMID: 35779345 PMCID: PMC9214660 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2022.104756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, informal caregivers’ mental health deteriorated more than that of non-caregivers. We examined the association between increased caregiver burden during the pandemic and severe psychological distress (SPD). Methods We used cross-sectional data from a nationwide internet survey conducted between August and September 2020 in Japan. Of 25,482 participants aged 15–79 years, 1,920 informal caregivers were included. SPD was defined as Kessler 6 Scale (K6) score ≥ 13. Self-rated change in caregiver burden was measured retrospectively with a single question item. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between SPD and increased caregiver burden during the pandemic, adjusted for demographic, socioeconomic, health, and caregiving variables. To examine the differential association between increased caregiver burden and SPD, interaction terms were added and binary logistic regression was separately conducted for all variables. Results Participants’ mean age was 52.3 years (standard deviation 15.9), 48.8% of participants were male, 56.7% reported increased caregiver burden, and 19.3% exhibited SPD. Increased caregiver burden was significantly associated with SPD (adjusted odds ratio: 1.90; 95% confidence interval: 1.37–2.66). The association between increased caregiver burden and SPD was stronger among caregivers who were married, those undergoing disease treatment, and those with a care-receiver with a care need level of 1–2. Conclusions The results revealed that more than half of caregivers reported increased caregiver burden, and increased caregiver burden was associated with SPD during the pandemic. Measures supporting mental health for caregivers with increased caregiver burden should be implemented immediately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isuzu Nakamoto
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Murayama
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Mai Takase
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoko Muto
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tami Saito
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takahiro Tabuchi
- Cancer Control Center, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
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47
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Murayama H, Sugawara I. Decreased Frequency of Small Talk Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic Has Deteriorated Mental Health: Findings From Longitudinal Surveys of Middle-Aged and Older People in Japan. Asia Pac J Public Health 2022; 34:565-568. [PMID: 35502473 DOI: 10.1177/10105395221097743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has reduced opportunities for small talk. As small talk involves socializing, such deprivation can be stressful. This study examined the association between the change in the frequency of small talk from before to during the pandemic and the mental health of middle-aged and older people. We obtained data from web-based longitudinal surveys for members of a Japanese social networking service. People who felt their small talk frequency decreased during the pandemic compared with the prepandemic period had lower psychological well-being and greater loneliness than those who did not. Our study quantitatively revealed the importance of small talk during the pandemic in maintaining people's mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Murayama
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ikuko Sugawara
- Faculty of Service Management, Bunri University of Hospitality, Saitama, Japan
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Kuroda A, Murayama H, Kurotani K, Fukuda Y, Kuwahara K. [A descriptive study on volunteer activities of providing meals during the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic: clarifying the activities process and a preliminary investigation of the effect of activities on residents]. Nihon Koshu Eisei Zasshi 2022; 69:284-296. [PMID: 35228469 DOI: 10.11236/jph.21-097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective Although volunteer activities of providing meals have been conducted as measures to prevent isolation and loneliness and to secure meals, evidence is lacking regarding how to implement such activities. In this study, we describe the activities process at a community cafeteria located within a housing complex and operated by resident volunteers during the COVID-19 pandemic to provide inexpensive meals. We also report the preliminary results of the impact of such activities on the residents.Method This case study was conducted at the community cafeteria Tate Kitchen 'Sakura' located within a Tokyo housing complex with a high ageing population. We collected data on the cafeteria activities during February to May, 2020. The data sources were daily activity records of the cafeteria, dialogues between volunteers and residents, and photos of activities. We qualitatively assessed the effects of the activities on the residents by classifying interviews with ten users and six volunteer staff based on the Kawakita Jiro (KJ) method.Results During the observation period, regular meetings were held among board members and volunteers, and operations of the cafeteria were verified and modified by referring to the COVID-19 prevention guide for citizens, advice from health professionals, and residents' opinions. It was determined that activities would continue without cessation; the cafeteria, managed mainly by volunteers under the food hygiene control system required for commercial restaurants, was open five days a week to maintain food security and ensure the health of the residents. The number of meals sold at the cafeteria was halved in May (n = 2,149) as a result of the modification in operations. However, the number of meals delivered to each household increased from March because of increased demand. Qualitative analyses using KJ method showed that users perceived that these continued activities were effective in securing food, maintaining social interaction and promoting health, and health promotion, while volunteers perceived that the activities were effective in promoting social interaction and health.Conclusion The resident volunteers continually confirmed their commitment to the principle of protecting food security and health within the community. They continued to operate the cafeteria by referring to available information on COVID-19 preventive measures, adopting the COVID-19 preventive measures, and involving all stakeholders. Qualitative analyses suggested that these continued efforts were useful for securing food and supporting health of the residents, looking after one other, and maintaining ties among residents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai Kuroda
- Teikyo University Graduate School of Public Health
| | - Hiroshi Murayama
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
| | - Kayo Kurotani
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Showa Women's University
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Seino S, Kitamura A, Abe T, Taniguchi Y, Murayama H, Amano H, Nishi M, Nofuji Y, Yokoyama Y, Narita M, Shinkai S, Fujiwara Y. Dose-response relationships of sarcopenia parameters with incident disability and mortality in older Japanese adults. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2022; 13:932-944. [PMID: 35212170 PMCID: PMC8977959 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenia-related parameters may have differential impacts on health-related outcomes in older adults. We examined dose-response relationships of body composition, muscle strength, and physical performance with incident disability and mortality. METHODS This prospective study included 1765 Japanese residents (862 men; 903 women) aged ≥65 years who participated in health check-ups. Outcomes were incident disability and all-cause mortality. Fat mass index (FMI) and skeletal muscle mass index (SMI), determined using segmental multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis, handgrip strength (HGS), and usual gait speed (UGS) were measured. We determined multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for disability and mortality relative to sex-specific reference values (FMI: medians; SMI: 7.0 kg/m2 for men and 5.7 kg/m2 for women; HGS: 28 kg for men and 18 kg for women; or UGS: 1.0 m/s for both sexes). Association shapes were examined using restricted cubic splines or fractional polynomial functions. RESULTS The median follow-up was 5.3 years; 107 (12.7%) men and 123 (14.2%) women developed disability, and 101 (11.7%) men and 56 (6.2%) women died. FMI did not impact any outcome in men and disability in women, while an FMI ≤ 7.3 kg/m2 (median) was significantly associated with higher mortality risk in women, compared with median FMI. SMI did not impact disability in either sex and mortality in women, but showed a significant inverse dose-response relationship with mortality risk in men [HRs (95% confidence intervals) of minimum and maximum values compared with the reference value: 2.18 (1.07-4.46) and 0.43 (0.20-0.93), respectively], independent of HGS and UGS. HGS and UGS showed a significant inverse dose-response relationship with disability in both sexes [HGS: 1.71 (1.00-2.91) and 0.31 (0.09-0.99), respectively, in men, 2.42 (1.18-4.96) and 0.41 (0.20-0.85), respectively, in women; UGS: 2.14 (1.23-3.74) and 0.23 (0.08-0.67), respectively, in men, 3.26 (2.07-5.14) and 0.11 (0.05-0.26), respectively, in women] and mortality in women [HGS: 6.84 (2.84-16.47) and 0.06 (0.02-0.21), respectively; UGS: 2.67 (1.14-6.27) and 0.30 (0.11-0.85), respectively], independent of body composition, but did not impact mortality in men. CONCLUSIONS Disability risk was more dependent on muscle strength and physical performance in both sexes. Mortality risk in men was more dependent on muscle mass, and mortality risk in women was influenced by lower fat mass along with muscle strength and physical performance. Although improving muscle strength and physical performance should be the first target for health promotion, it is also necessary to pay attention to body composition to extend life expectancy in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Seino
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihiko Kitamura
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.,Health Town Development Science Center, Yao City Health Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takumi Abe
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.,Integrated Research Initiative for Living Well with Dementia, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yu Taniguchi
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.,Center for Health and Environmental Risk Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Murayama
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidenori Amano
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mariko Nishi
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yu Nofuji
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuri Yokoyama
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miki Narita
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoji Shinkai
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Nutrition Sciences, Kagawa Nutrition University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Fujiwara
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
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Watanabe S, Murayama H, Takase M, Sugiura K, Fujiwara Y. [Longitudinal association between work and self-rated health in older adults: a systematic review]. Nihon Koshu Eisei Zasshi 2022; 69:215-224. [PMID: 34924494 DOI: 10.11236/jph.21-060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective Japan's shortage in labor force due to a declining birth rate and aging population has led to the rapid development of various systems and work environments to promote the employment of older adults. With increasing expectations for the active participation of older adults in the labor market, it is necessary to clarify the relationship between work and physical and mental health in this population, as well as the challenges they face. In particular, self-rated health is an important health indicator that captures the overall health status of older adults, which is strongly related to the decline in life functions and the increase in healthy life expectancy. In this study, we examined the longitudinal association between work and self-rated health perception among older adults.Methods A literature search was conducted using PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and the Japana Centra Revuo Medicina (Igaku Chuo Zasshi in Japanese). The keywords selected for the search were "older adult," "employment," and "self-rated health." The inclusion criteria were i) the baseline age of study subjects was 60 years or older, ii) employment was used as an independent variable and self-rated health was used as a dependent variable, and iii) studies were longitudinal. The quality of the selected literature was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS).Results As a result of the review, a total of five studies were accepted. Four studies were from Japan and one was from the United States. The NOS scores showed that all selected studies were of high quality, scoring 6 or 7 on a 9-point scale. Three of the five studies reported that older adults who were working had higher self-rated health than those who were not working. Two of the five studies reported no significant association between employment and self-rated health among older adults.Conclusion This systematic review suggested a significant relationship between work and self-rated health among older adults. However, the number of studies that focused on the longitudinal effect of employment was limited. Employment in later life is becoming increasingly common, therefore further evidence on its effect on health should be gathered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saya Watanabe
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
| | - Hiroshi Murayama
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
| | - Mai Takase
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
| | - Keiko Sugiura
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
| | - Yoshinori Fujiwara
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
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