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Lei Y, Wolf-van Buerck L, Honarpisheh M, Zhang Y, Schwinzer R, Petersen B, Seissler J. Neonatal islets from human PD-L1 transgenic pigs reduce immune cell activation and cellular rejection in humanized nonobese diabetic-scid IL2rγ null mice. Am J Transplant 2024; 24:20-29. [PMID: 37659605 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajt.2023.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
Strong xenorejection limits the clinical application of porcine islet transplantation in type 1 diabetes. Targeting T cell-mediated rejection is one of the main approaches to improve long-term graft survival. Here we study engraftment and survival of porcine islet cells expressing human programmed cell death ligand-1 (hPD-L1) in a humanized mouse model. Neonatal islet-like clusters (NPICCs) from transgenic hPD-L1 (hPD-L1-Tg) and wild-type (Wt) pigs were transplanted into nonobese diabetic-scid IL2rγnull mice stably reconstituted with human immune cells (hPD-L1 n = 10; Wt n = 6). Primary endpoint was development of normoglycemia during a 16-week observation period after transplantation. Secondary endpoints were porcine C-peptide levels and immune cell infiltration. Animals transplanted with hPD-L1-Tg neonatal islet-like clusters achieved a superior normoglycemic rate (50% versus 0%) and significantly higher plasma C-peptide levels as compared to the Wt group, indicating long-term beta cell function. Intracytoplasmic fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis and immunohistochemistry revealed significantly decreased frequencies of interferonγ-expressing splenic hCD8-positive T cells and reduced intragraft-infiltrating immune cells. We here demonstrate that expression of hPD-L1 provides strong islet xenograft protection without administration of immunosuppressive drugs. These findings support the hypothesis that hPD-L1 has the capacity to control cellular rejection and therefore represents a very promising transgene candidate for clinical porcine islet xenotransplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutian Lei
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Diabetes Zentrum-Campus Innenstadt, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München, München, Germany
| | - Lelia Wolf-van Buerck
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Diabetes Zentrum-Campus Innenstadt, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München, München, Germany
| | - Mohsen Honarpisheh
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Diabetes Zentrum-Campus Innenstadt, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München, München, Germany
| | - Yichen Zhang
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Diabetes Zentrum-Campus Innenstadt, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München, München, Germany
| | - Reinhard Schwinzer
- Transplant Laboratory, Department of General-Visceral- and Transplantation Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Bjoern Petersen
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institute, Mariensee, Neustadt, Germany
| | - Jochen Seissler
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Diabetes Zentrum-Campus Innenstadt, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München, München, Germany.
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Handelsman S, Overbey J, Chen K, Lee J, Haj D, Li Y. PD-L1's Role in Preventing Alloreactive T Cell Responses Following Hematopoietic and Organ Transplant. Cells 2023; 12:1609. [PMID: 37371079 DOI: 10.3390/cells12121609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1) has emerged as a prominent target for cancer immunotherapies. However, its potential as an immunosuppressive therapy has been limited. In this review, we present the immunological basis of graft rejection and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), followed by a summary of biologically relevant molecular interactions of both PD-L1 and Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 (PD-1). Finally, we present a translational perspective on how PD-L1 can interrupt alloreactive-driven processes to increase immune tolerance. Unlike most current therapies that block PD-L1 and/or its interaction with PD-1, this review focuses on how upregulation or reversed sequestration of this ligand may reduce autoimmunity, ameliorate GVHD, and enhance graft survival following organ transplant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shane Handelsman
- BioMedical Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Homer Stryker MD School of Medicine (WMed), Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI 49007, USA
| | - Juliana Overbey
- BioMedical Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Homer Stryker MD School of Medicine (WMed), Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI 49007, USA
| | - Kevin Chen
- BioMedical Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Homer Stryker MD School of Medicine (WMed), Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI 49007, USA
| | - Justin Lee
- BioMedical Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Homer Stryker MD School of Medicine (WMed), Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI 49007, USA
| | - Delour Haj
- BioMedical Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Homer Stryker MD School of Medicine (WMed), Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI 49007, USA
| | - Yong Li
- BioMedical Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Homer Stryker MD School of Medicine (WMed), Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI 49007, USA
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Role of PD-L1 in Gut Mucosa Tolerance and Chronic Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21239165. [PMID: 33271941 PMCID: PMC7730745 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal (GI) mucosa is among the most complex systems in the body. It has a diverse commensal microbiome challenged continuously by food and microbial components while delivering essential nutrients and defending against pathogens. For these reasons, regulatory cells and receptors are likely to play a central role in maintaining the gut mucosal homeostasis. Recent lessons from cancer immunotherapy point out the critical role of the B7 negative co-stimulator PD-L1 in mucosal homeostasis. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge supporting the critical role of PD-L1 in gastrointestinal mucosal tolerance and how abnormalities in its expression and signaling contribute to gut inflammation and cancers. Abnormal expression of PD-L1 and/or the PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathways have been observed in the pathology of the GI tract. We also discuss the current gap in our knowledge with regards to PD-L1 signaling in the GI tract under homeostasis and pathology. Finally, we summarize the current understanding of how this pathway is currently targeted to develop novel therapeutic approaches.
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Fan NW, Dohlman TH, Foulsham W, McSoley M, Singh RB, Chen Y, Dana R. The role of Th17 immunity in chronic ocular surface disorders. Ocul Surf 2020; 19:157-168. [PMID: 32470612 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2020.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Th17 cells have been implicated in the pathogenesis of numerous inflammatory and autoimmune conditions. At the ocular surface, Th17 cells have been identified as key effector cells in chronic ocular surface disease. Evidence from murine studies indicates that following differentiation and expansion, Th17 cells migrate from the lymphoid tissues to the eye, where they release inflammatory cytokines including, but not limited to, their hallmark cytokine IL-17A. As the acute phase subsides, a population of long-lived memory Th17 cells persist, which predispose hosts both to chronic inflammation and severe exacerbations of disease; of great interest is the small subset of Th17/1 cells that secrete both IL-17A and IFN-γ in acute-on-chronic disease exacerbation. Over the past decade, substantial progress has been made in deciphering how Th17 cells interact with the immune and neuroimmune pathways that mediate chronic ocular surface disease. Here, we review (i) the evidence for Th17 immunity in chronic ocular surface disease, (ii) regulatory mechanisms that constrain the Th17 immune response, and (iii) novel therapeutic strategies targeting Th17 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nai-Wen Fan
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Thomas H Dohlman
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - William Foulsham
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Matthew McSoley
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA; University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Rohan Bir Singh
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Yihe Chen
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Reza Dana
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
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