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Karkle A, Slaidina A, Zolovs M, Vaskevica A, Meistere D, Bokvalde Z, Neimane L. Comparative Analysis of Examination Methods for Periapical Lesion Diagnostics: Assessing Cone-Beam Computer Tomography, Ultrasound, and Periapical Radiography. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:766. [PMID: 38611679 PMCID: PMC11011571 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14070766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Periapical lesions of teeth are typically evaluated using periapical X-rays (PA) or cone-beam computer tomography (CBCT); however, ultrasound imaging (US) can also be used to detect bone defects. A comparative analysis is necessary to establish the diagnostic accuracy of US for the detection of periapical lesions in comparison with PA and CBCT. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate and compare the measurement precision of US against PA and CBCT in detecting periapical lesions. METHODS This study included 43 maxillary and mandibular teeth with periapical lesions. All teeth were examined clinically, radiographically, and ultrasonographically. Observers evaluated and measured the periapical lesions on CBCT, PA, and US images. RESULTS The comparison of lesion size showed that it differs significantly between the different methods of examination. A statistically significant difference was found between CBCT and US (mean difference = 0.99 mm, 95% CI [0.43-1.55]), as well as between CBCT and PA (mean difference = 0.61 mm, 95% CI [0.17-1.05]). No difference was found between the US and PA methods (p = 0.193). CONCLUSION US cannot replace PA radiography in detecting pathologies but it can accurately measure and characterize periapical lesions with minimal radiation exposure. CBCT is the most precise and radiation-intensive method so it should only be used for complex cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Karkle
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Health, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia; (A.V.); (Z.B.)
- RSU Institute of Stomatology, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia;
| | - Anda Slaidina
- RSU Institute of Stomatology, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia;
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia
| | - Maksims Zolovs
- Statistics Unit, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia;
- Institute of Life Sciences and Technology, Daugavpils University, LV-5401 Daugavpils, Latvia
| | - Anete Vaskevica
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Health, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia; (A.V.); (Z.B.)
- RSU Institute of Stomatology, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia;
| | - Dita Meistere
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Health, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia; (A.V.); (Z.B.)
| | - Zanda Bokvalde
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Health, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia; (A.V.); (Z.B.)
- RSU Institute of Stomatology, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia;
| | - Laura Neimane
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Health, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia; (A.V.); (Z.B.)
- RSU Institute of Stomatology, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia;
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Dias R, Kanungo H, Gupta M, Mishra K, Soni A, Jaiswal A. Comparison of 3D Easy Box cone-beam computed tomography analysis with 2D Modified Easy Box on OPG as a prognostic tool for impacted maxillary canines: A pilot study. J Orthod 2024:14653125241242138. [PMID: 38561938 DOI: 10.1177/14653125241242138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess and compare the validity of 2D modified Easy Box and measurement of the Beta angle on standard conventional orthopantomogram (OPG) versus 3D cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) OPG-constructed view. DESIGN A retrospective agreement study. METHODS The aim of this study was to construct an Easy Box on a standard conventional OPG and to validate this novel method by comparing it with the Easy Box method on 3D CBCT. After approval from the Ethics Committee, OPG and CBCT radiographs were obtained for the study from departmental records and five private practices in the same location (Indore, India). The radiographs were selected based on record availability and with written consent from the participants before the commencement of the study. The records were analysed to enable a comparison and to assess the accuracy of Easy Box construction on both 3D CBCT and standard conventional OPG radiographs. The location of the impacted canine within the Easy Box boundaries and the measurement of the Beta angle were determined on both views. RESULTS A perfect agreement was obtained for the comparison of 3D Easy Box CBCT analysis with 2D modified Easy Box on OPG for impacted maxillary canines (Kappa = 1.0). A Bland-Altman (LoA) analysis showed no proportional bias in the comparison of the Beta angle on 3D and 2D OPG radiographs. CONCLUSION Beta angle and 2D modified Easy Box on a conventional OPG yield similar results when compared to Easy Box on 3D CBCT OPG-constructed view. The standard OPG was valuable and cost-effective, particularly in the early stages of diagnosis and treatment planning, either as a substitute or when CBCT was unavailable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rochelle Dias
- Department of Orthodontics, Index Institute of Dental Sciences, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Himanshu Kanungo
- Department of Orthodontics, Index Institute of Dental Sciences, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Mukesh Gupta
- Department of Orthodontics, Index Institute of Dental Sciences, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Kratika Mishra
- Department of Orthodontics, Index Institute of Dental Sciences, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Akanksha Soni
- Department of Orthodontics, Index Institute of Dental Sciences, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Aayush Jaiswal
- Department of Orthodontics, Index Institute of Dental Sciences, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Li Z, Hung KF, Ai QYH, Gu M, Su YX, Shan Z. Radiographic Imaging for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Patients with Skeletal Class III Malocclusion. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:544. [PMID: 38473016 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14050544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Skeletal Class III malocclusion is one type of dentofacial deformity that significantly affects patients' facial aesthetics and oral health. The orthodontic treatment of skeletal Class III malocclusion presents challenges due to uncertainties surrounding mandibular growth patterns and treatment outcomes. In recent years, disease-specific radiographic features have garnered interest from researchers in various fields including orthodontics, for their exceptional performance in enhancing diagnostic precision and treatment effect predictability. The aim of this narrative review is to provide an overview of the valuable radiographic features in the diagnosis and management of skeletal Class III malocclusion. Based on the existing literature, a series of analyses on lateral cephalograms have been concluded to identify the significant variables related to facial type classification, growth prediction, and decision-making for tooth extractions and orthognathic surgery in patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion. Furthermore, we summarize the parameters regarding the inter-maxillary relationship, as well as different anatomical structures including the maxilla, mandible, craniofacial base, and soft tissues from conventional and machine learning statistical models. Several distinct radiographic features for Class III malocclusion have also been preliminarily observed using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoying Li
- Division of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kuo Feng Hung
- Applied Oral Sciences & Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Qi Yong H Ai
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Min Gu
- Division of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yu-Xiong Su
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhiyi Shan
- Division of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Lundberg J, Al-Taai N, Levring Jäghagen E, Ransjö M, Sjöström M. Skeletal stability after maxillary distraction osteogenesis or conventional Le Fort I osteotomy in patients with cleft lip and palate: A superimposition-based cephalometric analysis. Oral Maxillofac Surg 2024:10.1007/s10006-024-01227-0. [PMID: 38363518 DOI: 10.1007/s10006-024-01227-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim was to assess skeletal stability after maxillary advancement using either distraction osteogenesis (DO) or conventional Le Fort I osteotomy (CO) in patients with cleft lip and palate (CLP) or cleft palate (CP) utilising a new superimposition-based cephalometric method. METHOD This retrospective study included patients who were treated with DO (N = 12) or CO (N = 9). Sagittal and vertical changes after surgery, and skeletal stability at 18 months post-operatively were assessed with superimposition-based cephalometry, comparing lateral cephalograms performed pre-operatively (T0), post-operatively after CO or immediately after completed distraction in DO (T1), and at 18 months of follow-up (T2). RESULTS The mean sagittal movements from T0 to T2 in the DO and CO groups were 5.9 mm and 2.2 mm, respectively, with a skeletal relapse rate of 16% in the DO group and 15% in the CO group between T1 and T2. The vertical mean movement from T0 to T2 in the DO and CO groups was 2.8 mm and 2.0 mm, respectively, and the skeletal relapse rate between T1 and T2 was 36% in the DO group and 32% in the CO group. CONCLUSION Sagittal advancement of the maxilla was stable, in contrast to the vertical downward movement, which showed more-extensive relapse in both groups. Despite more-extensive maxillary advancement in the DO group, the rates of skeletal relapse were similar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joakim Lundberg
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, 90185, Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Nameer Al-Taai
- Orthodontics, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, SE-90185 Umeå, Sweden and Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine, MBRU University, Dubai, UAE
| | - Eva Levring Jäghagen
- Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, 90185, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Maria Ransjö
- Orthodontics, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, 90185, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Mats Sjöström
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, 90185, Umeå, Sweden
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Brézulier D, Carnet S, Marie-Cousin A, Sixou JL. Screening for the risk of canine impaction, what are the presumptive signs and how does it affect orthodontics? A cross-sectional study in France. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0296395. [PMID: 38157388 PMCID: PMC10756530 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The treatment of impacted canines is a challenge for orthodontists. The availability of suggestive clinical signs has become crucial for treatment before the potential for evolution ceases. The main objective was to evaluate the prevalence of the suspected displaced canine (SDC) and to highlight factors easily identifiable from the oral examination. METHODS SDC was assessed on panoramic X-rays, on the basis of the angle with the median sagittal plane and the degree of overlap with the permanent lateral incisor. Its association with mesio-distal tooth and palate widths was assessed by univariate analysis. Next, the association of SDC with temporary tooth extraction, expansion and/or premolar extraction was considered using the same modality. RESULTS In this retrospective study, the records of 292 patients aged 7 to 13 years were reviewed. SDC was detected in 39% of patients i.e., 28,8% of observed canines. Reduced coronal mesio-distal diameters of permanent maxillary central incisors, 8.7 ± 0.6 mm versus 8.8 ± 0.7 mm (p < .05), and first permanent molars, 10.0 ± 0.7 mm versus 10.2 ± 0.7 mm (p < .001), as well as reduced inter-molar width, 38.7 ± 2.7 mm versus 39.4 ± 2.9 mm (p < .01), were predictive factors. SDC led orthodontists to indicate extraction of maxillary primary canines, OR = 3,32 (p < .001) or even extraction of premolars, OR = 1,66 (p < .05). CONCLUSION This study confirmed the interest of panoramic X-rays in detected canines at risk of SDC. Dental factors can be combined to make screening more reliable and predict impaction that makes orthodontics complex. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER Opinion n°21.131, dated 09.21.2021, retrospectively registered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Brézulier
- CHU Rennes, Pôle Odontologie, Univ Rennes, Rennes, France
- ISCR UMR 6226, Univ Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Steeven Carnet
- CHU Rennes, Pôle Odontologie, Univ Rennes, Rennes, France
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Aman M, Jeelani W, Ahmed M, Khalid A. Alveolar bone loss and root resorption in mesialized second molars in mandibular first molar extraction cases as compared to contralateral non-extraction side in young adults: A retrospective cross-sectional study. Int Orthod 2023; 21:100774. [PMID: 37257394 DOI: 10.1016/j.ortho.2023.100774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The alveolar bone loss (ABL) and external apical root resorption (EARR) depict the safety of mesialization of mandibular second molars into the extraction space of mandibular first molars. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ABL and EARR after closure of mandibular first molar extraction space by mesialization of second molar on extraction side (ES) as compared to the contralateral non-extraction side (NES). MATERIAL AND METHODS A retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out using the pre and posttreatment orthodontic records of young adults with complete set of permanent dentitions treated with extraction of unilateral mandibular first molar and non-extraction treatment on the contralateral side. All patients underwent mini-implant supported mesialization of second molar on ES. The ABL and EARR of second molar on ES and contralateral NES were measured on digital orthopantomograms. The ABL and EARR of second molars on ES and contralateral NES were compared using independent sample t-test. RESULTS A total of 36 subjects (14 males and 22 females) were included in the study. The mean treatment duration for molar mesialization was 28.75±8.05months. The mean crown and root movements of mandibular second molar on ES were 10.94±1.25mm and 9.04mm±1.14mm, as compared to 0.91±1.01mm and 0.77±0.83mm on contralateral NES, respectively. The mean ABL and EARR at mandibular second molar were found to be significantly greater on the ES than the contralateral NES (P<0.001 and<0.05, respectively). A total of seven patients (19.4%) experienced ABL≥1mm on ES as compared to none in the contralateral NES. EARR of>2mm of at least one root was found in seven patients (19.4%) in ES as compared to four (11%) in contralateral NES. CONCLUSION There was small but statistically significant difference in the ABL and EARR of mesialized mandibular second molar at first molar ES as compared to the contralateral NES. For majority of patients this difference was small but few isolated cases experienced severe ABL and EARR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Aman
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, Bakhtawar Amin Medical and Dental College, Multan, Pakistan.
| | - Waqar Jeelani
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, Bakhtawar Amin Medical and Dental College, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Maheen Ahmed
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, Bakhtawar Amin Medical and Dental College, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Ahsan Khalid
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, Bakhtawar Amin Medical and Dental College, Multan, Pakistan.
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Yurdabakan ZZ, Karadayı B, Yetimoğlu N. Evaluation of Third Molar Maturity Index by Cone Beam Computed Tomography in Legal Age Estimation: A Preliminary Study. Am J Forensic Med Pathol 2023; 44:103-110. [PMID: 36607975 DOI: 10.1097/paf.0000000000000809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the accuracy and applicability of the third molar maturity index (I 3M ) for discriminating Turkish minors from adults, and its relationship with chronological age using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). A total of 122 CBCT scans of Turkish individuals (55 boys and 67 girls) aged 13 to 23 years were evaluated using the I 3M cutoff value. Chronological age gradually decreased as the I 3M value increased. The overall accuracy was 95.9%. The sensitivity and specificity of this test were 93.5% and 97.4%, respectively. Positive predictive value was 95.6%. The intraclass correlation coefficient values of the I 3M for the intraobserver and interobserver agreements were 0.998 and 0.996, respectively. This study showed relatively higher reproducibility of measurements on CBCT scans than on panoramic radiographs in the literature. Cone beam computed tomography may be advantageous and preferred over panoramic radiographs in distinguishing the legal age threshold of 18 years according to Cameriere's method when a more extensive investigation is needed to support the solution of challenging and uncertain cases in forensic medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeliha Zuhal Yurdabakan
- From the Department of Oral and Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Altinbas University, Faculty of Dentistry
| | - Beytullah Karadayı
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Istanbul
| | - Nihal Yetimoğlu
- Department of Oral and Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Yozgat Bozok University, Faculty of Dentistry, Yozgat, Turkey
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Abesi F, Maleki M, Zamani M. Diagnostic performance of artificial intelligence using cone-beam computed tomography imaging of the oral and maxillofacial region: A scoping review and meta-analysis. Imaging Sci Dent 2023; 53:101-108. [PMID: 37405196 PMCID: PMC10315225 DOI: 10.5624/isd.20220224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to conduct a scoping review and meta-analysis to provide overall estimates of the recall and precision of artificial intelligence for detection and segmentation using oral and maxillofacial cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans. MATERIALS AND METHODS A literature search was done in Embase, PubMed, and Scopus through October 31, 2022 to identify studies that reported the recall and precision values of artificial intelligence systems using oral and maxillofacial CBCT images for the automatic detection or segmentation of anatomical landmarks or pathological lesions. Recall (sensitivity) indicates the percentage of certain structures that are correctly detected. Precision (positive predictive value) indicates the percentage of accurately identified structures out of all detected structures. The performance values were extracted and pooled, and the estimates were presented with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS In total, 12 eligible studies were finally included. The overall pooled recall for artificial intelligence was 0.91 (95% CI: 0.87-0.94). In a subgroup analysis, the pooled recall was 0.88 (95% CI: 0.77-0.94) for detection and 0.92 (95% CI: 0.87-0.96) for segmentation. The overall pooled precision for artificial intelligence was 0.93 (95% CI: 0.88-0.95). A subgroup analysis showed that the pooled precision value was 0.90 (95% CI: 0.77-0.96) for detection and 0.94 (95% CI: 0.89-0.97) for segmentation. CONCLUSION Excellent performance was found for artificial intelligence using oral and maxillofacial CBCT images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farida Abesi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Dental Faculty, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Mahla Maleki
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Mohammad Zamani
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
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Hu X, Zhao Y, Yang C. Evaluation of root position during orthodontic treatment via multiple intraoral scans with automated registration technology. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2023:S0889-5406(23)00226-3. [PMID: 37178106 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2023.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to introduce a method for dynamically monitoring root position with intraoral scans using automated crown registration and root segmentation with artificial intelligence technology and to evaluate its accuracy using a novel semiautomatic root apical distance measurement procedure. METHODS The sample consisted of 412 teeth from 16 patients whose intraoral scans and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) were obtained before and after treatment. Crowns from intraoral scans and roots segmented from CBCT with artificial intelligence technology before treatment were registered, integrated, and divided into individual teeth. With an automated registration program, the virtual root was constructed by crown registration before and after treatment. The distance deviation of the root position at the apex between the virtual root and the actual root, which served as a control, was measured and decomposed into the distance deviation in the mesiodistal and buccolingual directions. RESULTS The shell deviation of crown registration between CBCT and oral scan before treatment was 0.19 ± 0.04 mm and 0.22 ± 0.04 mm in the maxilla and mandible, respectively. The apical root position distance deviations were 0.27 ± 0.12 mm in the maxilla and 0.31 ± 0.11 mm in the mandible. There was no significant difference between root position in mesiodistal and buccolingual directions. CONCLUSIONS Applying automated crown registration and root segmentation with artificial intelligence technology in this study improved the accuracy and efficiency of monitoring root position. In addition, the innovative semiautomatic distance measurement procedure can more precisely distinguish the root position discrepancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqin Hu
- Department of Orthodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- School of Communication and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China
| | - Chongshi Yang
- Department of Orthodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.
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Shetty SSS, Kamath A, Shetty P, Quadras DD, Siddartha R, Rao A. SIDS plane: A simple and innovative alternative to Frankfurt horizontal plane. J Orthod Sci 2023; 12:27. [PMID: 37351410 PMCID: PMC10282532 DOI: 10.4103/jos.jos_84_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To derive a new horizontal plane which can be a suitable alternative to Frankfurt horizontal plane (FH plane). MATERIALS AND METHODS 200 pre-treatment lateral roentogenic cephalograms from patient records in the department of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopaedics were traced. The landmarks were identified and marked and the measurements were carried out. Patients with all skeletal relationships were included in the study. The angle formed between the lines connecting anatomic porion, orbitale and machine porion was measured and tabulated. Dimorphism between the genders if any was also evaluated. RESULTS The mean angulation between the planes from the anatomic porion to orbitale to machine porion (PoA-Or-PoM) in our sample is 3.14 ± 2.17°. PoA to Or to PoM angulation for males is 2.57° and for females is 3.4°. CONCLUSIONS SIDS plane also called as derived FH plane given here is a reliable and easily reproducible alternative to the FH plane.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Apoorva Kamath
- Department of Orthodontics, Srinivas Institute of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Praveena Shetty
- Department of Orthodontics, Srinivas Institute of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Dilip Daniel Quadras
- Department of Orthodontics, Srinivas Institute of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - R Siddartha
- Department of Orthodontics, Srinivas Institute of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
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Zhang T, Zhang L, Li M, Yi F, Li C, Lu Y. Morphological changes in alveolar bone thickness and height after orthodontic proclination or labial movement combined with autogenous soft tissue grafting: a CBCT evaluation. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:218. [PMID: 37061689 PMCID: PMC10105956 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-02944-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autogenous soft tissue grafting is indicated in thin gingival biotypes before orthodontic proclination or labial movements to increase the keratinized gingiva and prevent gingival recession. However, its effect on local alveolar bone remodeling is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of autogenous soft tissue grafting on local alveolar bone after orthodontic proclination or labial movements. METHODS Sixteen patients with a thin scalloped gingival biotype, narrow keratinized gingiva, or thin cortical bone requiring orthodontic proclination or labial movement of teeth were included. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were obtained before grafting and at least 6 months after surgery. Sixty mandibular teeth were included, and the vertical bone level and horizontal labial bone thickness were measured. The results were compared using paired t-tests or Wilcoxon signed-rank test. RESULTS The horizontal labial bone thickness increased, especially at 6 mm below the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) in the mandibular central and lateral incisors (P < 0.05). The total alveolar bone area of the canines, first premolars, and second premolars increased at 3, 6, and 9 mm below the CEJ, respectively, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Additionally, vertical bone height increased minimally on the labial side, but the differences were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS New bone regeneration was observed on the labial (pressure) side after autogenous soft tissue grafting, which may represent a mechanism to effectively prevent gingival recession and maintain periodontal health. IRB APPROVAL All the experimental procedures involving humans in this study were approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Xiangya Stomatological Hospital, Central South University ( No. 20190048).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Lingling Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Periodontics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Fang Yi
- Department of Orthodontics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Chengri Li
- Department of Orthodontics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yanqin Lu
- Department of Orthodontics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
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Li J, Jin F, Wang R, Shang X, Yang P, Zhu Y, Tsoi JKH, Chan K, Wang S. Guided Bone Regeneration in a Periodontally Compromised Individual with Autogenous Tooth Bone Graft: A Radiomics Analysis. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:jfb14040220. [PMID: 37103310 PMCID: PMC10142001 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14040220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autogenous tooth bone graft material (AutoBT) has been advocated as a bone substitute when conducting alveolar ridge preservation. This study is aimed at using a radiomics approach in order to evaluate and testify whether AutoBT can stimulate bone growth during socket preservation in severe periodontal cases. MATERIALS AND METHODS For this study, 25 cases with severe periodontal diseases were selected. The patients' AutoBTs were inserted into the extraction sockets and covered with Bio-Gide® collagen membranes. 3D CBCT scans and 2D X-rays were taken of the patients before surgery and after 6 months post-surgery. For the retrospective radiomics analysis, the maxillary and mandibular images were compared in different groups. Maxillary bone height was analyzed at the buccal, middle, and palatal crest sites, while the mandibular bone height was compared at the buccal, center, and lingual crest sites. RESULTS In the maxilla, the alveolar height was increased by -2.15 ± 2.90 mm at the buccal crest; -2.45 ± 2.36 mm at the center of the socket, and -1.62 ± 3.19 mm at the palatal crest, while the height of the buccal crest was increased by 0.19 ± 3.52 mm, and the height at the center of the socket was increased by -0.70 ± 2.71 mm in the mandible. The three-dimensional radiomics analysis demonstrated significant bone growth in the local alveolar height and high density. CONCLUSION Based on clinical radiomics analysis, AutoBT could be used as an alternative bone material in socket preservation after tooth extraction in patients with severe periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Li
- School/Hospital of Stomatology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Feifan Jin
- School/Hospital of Stomatology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Renfei Wang
- School/Hospital of Stomatology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Xiaodan Shang
- School/Hospital of Stomatology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Peiran Yang
- School/Hospital of Stomatology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Yuchi Zhu
- School/Hospital of Stomatology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - James K H Tsoi
- Dental Materials Science, Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Ki Chan
- Restorative Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Shuhua Wang
- School/Hospital of Stomatology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310000, China
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13
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Sennimalai K, Selvaraj M, Kharbanda OP, Kandasamy D, Mohaideen K. MRI-based cephalometrics: a scoping review of current insights and future perspectives. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2023:20230024. [PMID: 36809112 DOI: 10.1259/dmfr.20230024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This review aims to explore the current status of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as a cephalometric tool, summarize the equipment design and methods, and propose recommendations for future research. METHODS A systematic search was conducted in electronic databases, including PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, EBSCOhost, LILACS, and Cochrane Library, using broad search terms. The articles published in any language till June 2022 were considered. Cephalometric studies conducted using the MRI dataset on human participants, phantom or cadaver were included. Two independent reviewers assessed the final eligible articles using the quality assessment score (QAS). RESULTS Nine studies were included in the final assessment. Studies used various methods, including 1.5 T or 3 T MRI systems and 3D or 2D MRI datasets. Among the imaging sequences, T1-weighted, T2-weighted and black bone MR images were used for cephalometric analysis. In addition, the reference standards varied among studies, such as traditional 2D cephalogram, cone-beam CT and phantom measurements. The mean QAS of all the included studies was 79% (± 14.4%). The main limitation of most studies was the small sample size and the heterogeneity of the methods, statistical tools used, and metric outcomes assessed. CONCLUSIONS Despite the heterogeneity and lack of metrological evidence on the effectiveness of MRI-based cephalometric analysis, the preliminary results demonstrated by in vivo and in vitro studies are encouraging. However, future studies exploring MRI sequences specific to cephalometric diagnosis are required for wider adoption of this technique in routine orthodontic practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthik Sennimalai
- Department of Orthodontics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jammu, 184120, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Madhanraj Selvaraj
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Department of Dentistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, 605006, India
| | - Om Prakash Kharbanda
- Faculty of Life and Allied Health Sciences, Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, 560054, Karnataka, India
| | - Devasenathipathy Kandasamy
- Department of Radiodiagnosis and Interventional Radiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, Delhi, India
| | - Kaja Mohaideen
- Department of Dentistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bilaspur, 174001, Himachal Pradesh, India
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14
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Alwafi AA, Hannam AG, Yen EH, Zou B. A new method assessing predicted and achieved mandibular tooth movement in adults treated with clear aligners using CBCT and individual crown superimposition. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4084. [PMID: 36906671 PMCID: PMC10008638 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31339-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to demonstrate a new method for quantifying the difference between predicted and achieved tooth movement with Invisalign using stable three-dimensional (3D) mandibular landmarks and dental superimposition. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans before (T1) and after (T2) the first series of aligners, their corresponding digital models (ClinCheck initial of the first series as T1 and ClinCheck initial of the refinement series as T2), and the ClinCheck final model of the first series as the predicted were obtained from 5 patients treated with non-extraction Invisalign therapy. After segmentation of the mandible and its dentition, T1 and T2 CBCTs were superimposed on stable anatomic structures (Pogonion and bilateral mental foramen) along with the pre-registered ClinCheck models. The 3D prediction differences between the predicted and achieved tooth position for 70 teeth with four types (incisor, canine, premolar and molar) were measured using a combination of software. The method employed in this study was tested to be reliable and repeatable with a very high intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for both intra- and inter-examiner reliability. Premolar Phi (rotation), Incisor Psi (mesiodistal angulation), and Molar Y (mesiodistal translation) showed a significant prediction difference (P < 0.05), which is also clinically relevant. The method involving CBCT and individual crown superimposition to measure the 3D positional changes in the mandibular dentition is a robust and novel one. While, our finding in terms of the predictability of Invisalign treatment in the mandibular dentition mainly served as a crude, cursory examination, which warrants further and more rigorous investigations. With this novel methodology, it is possible to measure any amount of 3D tooth position difference in the mandibular dentition either between the simulated and the actual or with treatment and/or growth. Deliberate use of overcorrection of which specific type of tooth movement with clear aligner treatment and to what extent, might be possible with future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulraheem A Alwafi
- Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, 2199 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.,Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alan G Hannam
- Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, 2199 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Edwin H Yen
- Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, 2199 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Bingshuang Zou
- Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, 2199 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
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15
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Chu J, Basyuni S, Moore S, Ferro A, Chang C, Patel K, Jeremiah H, Brassett C, Santhanam V. A Novel Cephalometric Approach Aiming to Quantify a Normal Range of Bony Chin Protrusion. J Maxillofac Oral Surg 2023; 22:226-231. [PMID: 36703669 PMCID: PMC9871108 DOI: 10.1007/s12663-022-01784-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cephalometric analysis is an essential tool in the diagnostics and planning of orthognathic surgery. No objective criterion exists to facilitate decision making regarding genioplasties. Differing opinions amongst clinicians therefore leads to wide variability amongst treatment options offered to potentially suitable patients. This study has three aims. The first was to quantify the distribution of chin morphology amongst the average population using cephalometric analysis. Secondly, we sought to determine whether cephalometric parameters could be used to predict overlying soft tissue changes. Lastly, we consider the use of a new cephalometric angle, BNPg, for pre- and post-operative assessment of genioplasty patients. Methods This study retrospectively analysed 231 lateral cephalograms. The angle between the landmarks: B point, Nasion and Pogonion was measured to generate 'BNPg' a novel unit to quantify bony chin protrusion. Results The mean BNPg from all 231 samples was 1.12 degrees with a standard deviation of ± 1.35. Comparison between sexes showed no significant differences between male and females (P = 0.108). Furthermore, bony chin protrusion was found to strongly positively correlate with soft tissue chin appearance (r = 0.731), however, BNPg was found not to correlate with skeletal malocclusion (ANB, r = 0.085). Conclusion The novel unit BNPg may serve as a useful tool in contributing to the determination of treatment thresholds in osseous genioplasty for desirable aesthetic outcomes and may be used post-operatively to assess outcomes also. As this is a pilot study, further clinical studies would be required to validate this parameter in genioplasty patients, both pre- and post-operatively. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12663-022-01784-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Chu
- Department of Surgery, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ UK
| | - Shadi Basyuni
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ UK
| | - Samuel Moore
- Department of Surgery, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ashley Ferro
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ UK
| | - Cherry Chang
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ UK
| | - Krishna Patel
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ UK
| | - Huw Jeremiah
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ UK
| | - Cecilia Brassett
- Human Anatomy Teaching Group, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Vijay Santhanam
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ UK
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16
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Guberman JA, Chung CH, Li C. Cone-beam computed tomography use in postgraduate orthodontic programs in North America and Europe. J Dent Educ 2023. [PMID: 36814145 DOI: 10.1002/jdd.13185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) has emerged over recent decades as a rapid acquisition technology that allows practitioners to view the craniofacial complex in high spatial detail. This study aimed to assess the latest trend of CBCT use in postgraduate orthodontic programs in North America and Europe/Australia. METHODS An electronic multiple-choice survey was sent via email requesting anonymous participation of postgraduate orthodontic program directors: 73 in North America (as listed on the American Association of Orthodontists website) and 189 in Europe/Australia (as listed on the European Orthodontic Society website). Survey collection was over a 2-month period with two follow-up emails sent 2 weeks and 1 month after the initial email to each program director who had not responded. Responses were collected directly on Qualtrics for analysis. RESULTS The response rate was 46.6% (34 responses) for North America and 11.1% (21 responses) for Europe/Australia. Results revealed that 100% of respondents from North America had access to a CBCT scanner, while 90.48% of respondents (19 responses) from Europe/Australia had access. Most North American postgraduate orthodontic programs have CBCT scanners within their clinic, while most European/Australian programs do not, and they refer patients to the radiology department. Although there is a higher percentage of programs in North America compared to Europe/Australia that use CBCT as part of routine orthodontic records for all patients, most programs in both regions use CBCT imaging for specific diagnostic purposes and not for routine records. CONCLUSION Overall, North American programs have more access to CBCT scanners in postgraduate clinics and use CBCT imaging more routinely than European/Australian programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime A Guberman
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Chun-Hsi Chung
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Chenshuang Li
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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17
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Pinto Nicodemo O, Fiori-Chíncaro GA, Agudelo-Botero AM, Llaguno-Rubio JM, García Díaz R. [Radiation dose permitted in dentistry patients. A review]. REVISTA CIENTÍFICA ODONTOLÓGICA 2023; 11:e144. [PMID: 38303741 PMCID: PMC10832395 DOI: 10.21142/2523-2754-1101-2023-144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
In dental practice, the use of imaging has increased over the years, generating an increase in the radiation dose for the dental patient. One factor under discussion is the amount of dose used in patients, men, women and children, at different stages of their life, due to the scientific evidence of the harmful effects of ionizing radiation. This review of the literature analyzed the characteristics of radiation and its effects in relation to the doses administered, and its equivalences in dental practice in panoramic periapical radiographs and cone beam tomographies. A search of the literature was carried out in the main information sources such as Medline (via PubMed), SEVIER, SCIELO, and LILACS, using the search terms with a date limitation of the last 10 years. The selected articles had to include information regarding the keywords used, including "Dental Offices, Radiation Dose, X-Rays, Ambulatory Care."
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Pinto Nicodemo
- Carrera de Estomatologia, Universidad Mayor, Real y Pontificia de San Francisco Xavier de Chuquisaca. Sucre, Bolivia. Universidad Mayor de San Francisco Xavier Carrera de Estomatologia Universidad Mayor, Real y Pontificia de San Francisco Xavier de Chuquisaca Sucre Bolivia
| | - Gustavo Adolfo Fiori-Chíncaro
- Division de Radiologia Bucal y Maxilofacial, Instituto Latinoamericano de Altos Estudios en Estomatologia. Lima, Peru. , Division de Radiologia Bucal y Maxilofacial Instituto Latinoamericano de Altos Estudios en Estomatologia Lima Peru
| | - Ana María Agudelo-Botero
- Facultad de Estomatologia, Universidad Autonoma de Manizales. Manizales, Colombia. Universidad Autonoma de Manizales Facultad de Estomatologia Universidad Autonoma de Manizales Manizales Colombia
| | - Jhoana M Llaguno-Rubio
- Division de Radiologia Bucal y Maxilofacial, Instituto Latinoamericano de Altos Estudios en Estomatologia. Lima, Peru. , Division de Radiologia Bucal y Maxilofacial Instituto Latinoamericano de Altos Estudios en Estomatologia Lima Peru
| | - Rosaura García Díaz
- Facultad de Estomatologia, Universidad de Guadalajara. Guadalajara, Mexico. Universidad de Guadalajara Facultad de Estomatologia Universidad de Guadalajara Guadalajara Mexico
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18
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Jolivet G, Huck O, Petit C. Evaluation of furcation involvement with diagnostic imaging methods: a systematic review. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2022; 51:20210529. [PMID: 35787071 PMCID: PMC9717400 DOI: 10.1259/dmfr.20210529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Multirooted teeth respond less favorably to non-surgical periodontal treatment and long-term tooth prognosis is influenced by the degree of furcation involvement (FI). Therapeutic strategy for multirooted teeth is essentially based on accurate diagnosis of the FI. The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the accuracy of the different furcation assessment methods and to determine if radiographic help is needed to determine early stage of FI. METHODS Electronic databases were searched up to March 2021. Comparative studies describing the reliability of different clinical and/or radiological furcation assessment methods were identified. RESULTS A total of 22 studies comparing at least 2 furcation assessment methods, among which 15 retrospective studies, 5 prospective studies, 1 randomized controlled trial and 1 case series, were included in this review. The reliability of cone beam CT (CBCT), intraoral radiographs (IOs), orthopantomograms (OPGs) and MRI to identify FI was evaluated. Using OFS as a reference for FI detection and diagnosis, agreement ranged from 43.3 to 63% for OPG, 38.7 to 83.1% for IO and 82.4 to 84% for CBCT. The validity of the measurements was mainly influenced by the location of the furcation entrance. For radiological diagnosis, CBCT displayed the closest agreement with OFS while the accuracy of IO and OPG showed modest agreement and were influenced by the examiner's experience. CONCLUSION Altogether, it appears that the use of IO, OPG or CBCT allows detection of FI but could not be considered as gold-standard techniques.
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19
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Baidas LF, Alshihah N, Alabdulaly R, Mutaieb S. Severity and Treatment Difficulty of Impacted Maxillary Canine among Orthodontic Patients in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10680. [PMID: 36078396 PMCID: PMC9518035 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191710680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current study aimed to evaluate the severity and treatment difficulty of impacted maxillary canines and their relationship with gender, age group, and bucco-palatal position. METHODS A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted from 2017 to 2021. Patients' data and panoramic radiography were obtained from the orthodontic clinic at King Saud University's Dental University Hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The severity factors and treatment difficulty index were used to assess the impacted maxillary canines. Statistical analyses were performed utilizing a chi-square test for categorical variables and an independent t-test for numerical variables, and a p-value of ≤0.05. RESULTS There were 171 impacted maxillary canines in total, with a female-to-male subject ratio (11:8) and a mean age (18.7 years). Overall, 77.2% of impacted upper canines were found to be palatal. The severity of canine impaction parameters showed no significant sex or age group predilection. Buccally impacted maxillary canines were characterized by a preferable angulation to the midline, compared to the palatally impacted maxillary canines (p = 0.012). The horizontal overlap of the impacted maxillary canine cusp tip revealed a significant association with the bucco-palatal position of the impacted canine (p < 0.001). Palatal impaction was located more frequently in sectors 3 and 4. Male patients were found to have a higher total score in terms of the treatment difficulty index relative to females (p = 0.046). CONCLUSION Despite the severity parameters having revealed no significant gender predilection, males were found to have higher treatment difficulty in maxillary canine impaction than females. The severity of the palatally impacted canine is greater than that of buccal impaction in terms of angulation to the midline and horizontal overlap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laila Fawzi Baidas
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada Alshihah
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rwan Alabdulaly
- College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sara Mutaieb
- College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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20
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Jiang C, Pei F, Wu Y, Shen Y, Tang Y, Feng X, Gu Y. Investigation of three-rooted deciduous mandibular second molars in a Chinese population using cone-beam computed tomography. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:329. [PMID: 35941577 PMCID: PMC9361676 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02378-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To investigate the anatomic features of three-rooted deciduous mandibular second molars (DMSMs) in Chinese children by using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods A total of 247 CBCT scans of Chinese children were selected and retrospectively analyzed. The occurrence, gender and side predilection of three-rooted DMSMs were examined. The pattern of concurrence of bilateral three-rooted DMSMs, and concurrence of three-rooted DMSM and three-rooted permanent mandibular first molar (PMFM) was analyzed by the concurrence rate and Spearman’s rank correlation test. The geometric parameters of the disto-buccal (DB) and disto-lingual (DL) roots, including the vertical root length, level and angle of distal root furcation, angle of root curvature (by Schneider technique) and the spreading angle, were measured and compared to the three-rooted PMFMs (n = 42) from 100 randomly selected adult subjects. Results The occurrence of three-rooted DMSMs was 24.0% (54/225) calculated by individual, and 18.6% (88/472) by tooth. A significant right-side predilection was detected (23.0% vs 14.2%, p < 0.05), while gender predilection was not detected (p > 0.05). The bilateral concurrence rate was 49.0%, and Spearman’s correlation test indicated a significant relationship between the antimetric teeth (rho = 0.609, p < 0.01); whereas a weak but significant co-relationship was detected between the three-rooted DMSM and three-rooted PMFM (right side: concurrence rate = 31.6%, rho = 0.325, p < 0.01; left side: concurrence rate = 23.0%, rho = 0.260, p < 0.01). The length of DL roots in the DMSMs was 7.4 ± 1.5 mm, and the curvature angle was 16.4 ± 11.3 degrees, which was significantly (both p < 0.01) lower than that of the three-rooted PMFMs (root length = 11.0 ± 1.3 mm; degrees of curvature = 34.2 ± 16.1 degrees), whereas the spreading angle of the DL root in DMSMs (34.6 ± 8.4 degrees) was significantly (p < 0.01) greater than in the PMFMs (26.8 ± 6.5 degrees). Conclusions Three-rooted DMSMs have a high occurrence rate in the Chinese children with a right-side predilection, and they have a weak but statistically significant correlation with three-rooted PMFMs. The DL roots of DMSMs are shorter, less curved, and spreading more widely as compared with those in the three-rooted PMFMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengfeng Jiang
- Department of Dentistry and Central Laboratory, Ninth People's Hospital of Suzhou, Soochow University, Ludang Road 2666#, Wujiang Dist., Suzhou, 215200, China.,Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226006, China
| | - Fan Pei
- Department of Dentistry and Central Laboratory, Ninth People's Hospital of Suzhou, Soochow University, Ludang Road 2666#, Wujiang Dist., Suzhou, 215200, China.,Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226006, China
| | - Yihan Wu
- Department of Dentistry and Central Laboratory, Ninth People's Hospital of Suzhou, Soochow University, Ludang Road 2666#, Wujiang Dist., Suzhou, 215200, China.,Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226006, China
| | - Yifen Shen
- Department of Dentistry and Central Laboratory, Ninth People's Hospital of Suzhou, Soochow University, Ludang Road 2666#, Wujiang Dist., Suzhou, 215200, China
| | - Ying Tang
- Department of Dentistry and Central Laboratory, Ninth People's Hospital of Suzhou, Soochow University, Ludang Road 2666#, Wujiang Dist., Suzhou, 215200, China
| | - Xingmei Feng
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226006, China
| | - Yongchun Gu
- Department of Dentistry and Central Laboratory, Ninth People's Hospital of Suzhou, Soochow University, Ludang Road 2666#, Wujiang Dist., Suzhou, 215200, China.
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21
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Al-Taai N, Persson M, Ransjö M, Levring Jäghagen E, Westerlund A. Dentoskeletal and soft tissue changes after treatment of crowding with premolar extractions: a 50-year follow-up. Eur J Orthod 2022; 45:79-87. [PMID: 35791441 PMCID: PMC9912702 DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cjac035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The long-term effects on dentofacial morphology of interceptive treatment with premolar extractions, in the absence of subsequent orthodontic treatment, have not been fully explored. OBJECTIVE The aim was to investigate the effects of premolar extractions (without subsequent orthodontic treatment) on the dentoskeletal and soft tissue profile of patients aged between 12 and 62 years with Class I malocclusion with severe crowding, as compared to untreated controls. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Extraction group (N = 30 with Class I crowding malocclusion) had their first premolars removed in early adolescence without subsequent orthodontic treatment. The Control group included 30 untreated subjects with Class I normal occlusion. Cephalograms were taken at 12 (T1), 15 (T2), 30 (T3), and 62 (T4) years of age. A superimposition-based cephalometric method was used to assess the dentoskeletal and soft tissue changes. RESULTS There were no significant differences between the Extraction and Control groups in terms of skeletal sagittal relation, incisor inclination, and protrusion, or most of the soft tissue parameters throughout the observation period. However, significant differences were observed between the groups with respect to the vertical relations in T2-T3, such that the Extraction group showed more-pronounced decreases in the ML/NSL, ML/NL, and Gonial angles and more-pronounced increases in facial heights. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Treatment for subjects with Class I malocclusion with severe crowding by the extraction of four premolars, without subsequent orthodontic treatment, does not affect the long-term dentoskeletal and soft tissue profile, as compared to an untreated Control group. The degree of crowding, rather than changes in dentofacial morphology, is crucial in deciding on extraction therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nameer Al-Taai
- Correspondence to: Nameer Al-Taai, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, SE-901 85 Umeå, Sweden. E-mail:
| | - Maurits Persson
- Orthodontics, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Maria Ransjö
- Orthodontics, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden,Department of Orthodontics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eva Levring Jäghagen
- Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Anna Westerlund
- Department of Orthodontics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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22
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Brounts SH, Lund JR, Whitton RC, Ergun DL, Muir P. Use of a novel helical fan beam imaging system for computed tomography of the distal limb in sedated standing horses: 167 cases (2019–2020). J Am Vet Med Assoc 2022; 260:1351-1360. [DOI: 10.2460/javma.21.10.0439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the diagnostic capabilities of a novel helical fan beam CT system used for imaging of horses with a range of clinical distal limb problems.
ANIMALS
167 horses.
PROCEDURES
Medical records were reviewed of horses presented for CT of the distal limb at 2 university-based veterinary hospitals. The following data were recorded: age, sex, breed, presenting complaint, sedation used for imaging, scanning time, procedure time, other diagnostic imaging methods performed, imaging diagnosis, clinical diagnosis, and complications during imaging.
RESULTS
Most horses were Thoroughbreds and Quarter Horses. Procedure times ranged from 15 to 40 minutes, with scanning completed in 15 to 45 seconds for each region of interest. The foot or pastern region was commonly scanned (88/167 [53%] horses), with navicular bone disease diagnosed in 42 of 88 (48%) horses. The fetlock region was also commonly scanned (42/167 [40%] horses), with palmar or plantar osteochondral disease diagnosed in 17 of 42 (40%) horses. Horses were compliant during scanning, and no complications with sedation or damage to the scanner occurred. A specific imaging diagnosis for the lameness was achieved more frequently with CT imaging (166/167 [99%]) than with planar digital radiography (26/58 [45%]).
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
The helical fan beam CT system could be used safely to scan sedated standing horses from the carpal or tarsal region distally. Subjectively, the machine was easy to operate, allowing CT to be incorporated into lameness investigations. CT imaging was very likely to result in a clinical diagnosis in horses with distal limb lameness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina H. Brounts
- Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
| | - Jane R. Lund
- Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
| | - R. Chris Whitton
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Werribee, Australia
| | - David L. Ergun
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
- Asto CT Inc, Middleton, WI
| | - Peter Muir
- Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
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23
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Pak F, Hosseini Pooya SM, Shabani H, Baradaran S, Salim Sadeq U. COMPARISON OF CBCT AND CT IN TERMS OF DOSE VALUE OF ORGANS AT RISK IN PARANASAL SINUS IMAGING. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2022; 198:208-213. [PMID: 35253875 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncac013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Irradiated dose to the organs at risk surrounding the paranasal sinuses was compared in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and multi spiral computed tomography with respect to the organs' relative positions to the imaging field. A head and neck Alderson-Rando phantom equipped with thermoluminescence dosemeters pellets was irradiated according to three routine CBCT protocols and one protocol in multi spiral computed tomography. Dose value of organs outside the imaging field as well as those measured dose of organs inside the field were assessed. The highest measured doses were obtained from CT scan for most of the organs investigated in this study, whereas the lowest one was associated with the low-resolution mode of CBCT. Also, statistical analysis showed no significant differences between the dose values of out-of-field organs in all CBCT modes, whereas significant differences were observed between the radiation doses of CT and CBCT modes for all organs at risk inside and outside of the imaging field. CBCT is recommended on the basis of having a lower dose; however, the image qualities were the same in the two employed modalities, so the approach of lower dose can be made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farideh Pak
- Radiation Sciences Department, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 14177-44361 Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Hamed Shabani
- Radiation Sciences Department, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 14177-44361 Tehran, Iran
| | - Samaneh Baradaran
- Nuclear Science & Technology Research Institute, 14395-836 Tehran, Iran
| | - Ula Salim Sadeq
- Radiation Sciences Department, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 14177-44361 Tehran, Iran
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24
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Ogawa K, Ishida Y, Kuwajima Y, Lee C, Emge JR, Izumisawa M, Satoh K, Ishikawa-Nagai S, Da Silva JD, Chen CY. Accuracy of a Method to Monitor Root Position Using a 3D Digital Crown/Root Model during Orthodontic Treatments. Tomography 2022; 8:550-559. [PMID: 35314622 PMCID: PMC8938848 DOI: 10.3390/tomography8020045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the accuracy of a method of predicting post-movement root position during orthodontic treatment using a 3D digital crown/root model (3DCRM) created with pre-movement records of both cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and dental arch digital scans. Pre- and post-movement CBCT scans and dental arch digital scans of five patients who had completed orthodontic treatments were used in this study. The 3DCRM was superimposed onto the post-movement scanned dental arch to identify the post-movement root position (test method). Post-movement CBCT (referenced as the current method) served as the control to identify the actual post-movement root position. 3D-coordinate analysis revealed no significant differences between the test and current methods along the X and Y axes. However, the discrepancy on the Z axis (especially in cases of intrusion) was greater than that in all other directions for all three tooth types examined (p < 0.05). A strong positive correlation between the degree of discrepancy and the distance of tooth movement was observed on the Z axis (r = 0.71). The 3DCRM method showed promising potential to accurately predict root position during orthodontic treatments without the need for a second CBCT. However, root resorption, which affected the Z axis prediction, needs to be closely monitored using periapical radiographs to complement this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaho Ogawa
- Department of Oral Medicine, Immunity and Infection, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, 188 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (K.O.); (Y.I.); (Y.K.); (C.L.); (J.R.E.); (S.I.-N.)
- Division of Orthodontics, Department of Developmental Oral Health Science, School of Dentistry Iwate Medical University, 1-3-27 Chuo-dori, Morioka 020-8505, Iwate, Japan;
| | - Yoshiki Ishida
- Department of Oral Medicine, Immunity and Infection, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, 188 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (K.O.); (Y.I.); (Y.K.); (C.L.); (J.R.E.); (S.I.-N.)
- Department of Dental Materials Science, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, Nippon Dental University, 1-9-20, Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8159, Japan
| | - Yukinori Kuwajima
- Department of Oral Medicine, Immunity and Infection, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, 188 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (K.O.); (Y.I.); (Y.K.); (C.L.); (J.R.E.); (S.I.-N.)
- Division of Orthodontics, Department of Developmental Oral Health Science, School of Dentistry Iwate Medical University, 1-3-27 Chuo-dori, Morioka 020-8505, Iwate, Japan;
| | - Cliff Lee
- Department of Oral Medicine, Immunity and Infection, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, 188 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (K.O.); (Y.I.); (Y.K.); (C.L.); (J.R.E.); (S.I.-N.)
| | - Jacob R. Emge
- Department of Oral Medicine, Immunity and Infection, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, 188 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (K.O.); (Y.I.); (Y.K.); (C.L.); (J.R.E.); (S.I.-N.)
| | - Mitsuru Izumisawa
- Division of Dental Radiology, School of Dentistry, Iwate Medical University, 1-3-27 Chuo-dori, Morioka 020-8505, Iwate, Japan;
| | - Kazuro Satoh
- Division of Orthodontics, Department of Developmental Oral Health Science, School of Dentistry Iwate Medical University, 1-3-27 Chuo-dori, Morioka 020-8505, Iwate, Japan;
| | - Shigemi Ishikawa-Nagai
- Department of Oral Medicine, Immunity and Infection, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, 188 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (K.O.); (Y.I.); (Y.K.); (C.L.); (J.R.E.); (S.I.-N.)
| | - John D. Da Silva
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Science, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, 188 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Chia-Yu Chen
- Department of Oral Medicine, Immunity and Infection, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, 188 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (K.O.); (Y.I.); (Y.K.); (C.L.); (J.R.E.); (S.I.-N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-857-576-0279
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25
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Prasad AS, Sivakumar A. ATM technique - A novel radiographic technique to assess the position of Buccal Shelf Implants. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2022; 51:20210346. [PMID: 35084213 PMCID: PMC10043614 DOI: 10.1259/dmfr.20210346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Success of the buccal shelf implants depends on its proper placement. Radiographic techniques like cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), posteroanterior cephalogram (PA cephalogram) have been used to evaluate the position of buccal shelf implant placement. However, these techniques have disadvantages like increased radiation exposure, metal artefact, less availability in dental offices and are more expensive.The aim of Arvind's Trans Mandibular (ATM) technique is to overcome this drawback by using an intraoral periapical radiograph (IOPA) film or radiovisiography (RVG) sensor to assess the post-operative placement of buccal shelf implants. METHODS Radiographs were taken for four patients after the placement of buccal shelf implants. The IOPA sensor was placed beneath the lower border of the mandible using this modified extra oral technique to access the position of the buccal shelf implants in relation to the adjacent molars. The findings from the IOPA image were verified with CBCT images. RESULTS The radiographic images taken using ATM technique were compared with the gold standard CBCT technique. The ATM technique was able to accurately assess the postoperative bucco-lingual position of the implant with respect to the roots of molars in all the four cases. The proximity of the implant to the roots of the molar can be clearly visualized in all the cases. CONCLUSIONS ATM is a novel radiographic technique using IOPA radiographic film or RVG sensor to assess the post-operative bucco-lingual placement of buccal shelf implants in relation to lower molar roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arya S Prasad
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arvind Sivakumar
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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26
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Jiménez-Silva A, Carnevali-Arellano R, Vivanco-Coke S, Tobar-Reyes J, Araya-Díaz P, Palomino-Montenegro H. Prediction methods of maxillary canine impaction: a systematic review. Acta Odontol Scand 2022; 80:51-64. [PMID: 34110967 DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2021.1936163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe and assess the available evidence of prediction methods of maxillary canine impaction (MCI). MATERIAL AND METHODS A systematic search was conducted through PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, EBSCOhost, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Bireme and Scielo until December 2020. This systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA statement. The methodology of the selected studies was assessed using the Quality Assessment Tool for Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS-2). RESULTS A total of 2391 articles were identified in the first approach and after a 2-phase selection, 11 studies were included in qualitative analysis. Prediction methods were constructed using equation-based models, geometric measurements and computational methods from clinical and imaging data to predict palatal/buccal MCI. The quality of evidence was low to moderate due to the presence of risk of bias in most of the studies included. Three cohort studies with the best methodological quality proposed prediction models based on geometric measurements, canine position and facial growth pattern that would allow predicting MCI from CBCT, lateral and panoramic radiographs. CONCLUSIONS The evidence is limited and most of the studies present a low methodological quality. However, it is possible to suggest that some prediction methods based on the position of the canine and facial growth pattern could predict palatal/buccal MCI in mixed dentition. Cohort studies with better methodological quality and long-term follow-up are needed to better validate a prediction model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Jiménez-Silva
- Faculty of Dentistry, Orthodontics and Orthopaedic Department, Andrés Bello University, Santiago, Chile
| | - Romano Carnevali-Arellano
- Faculty of Dentistry, Orthodontics and Orthopaedic Department, Andrés Bello University, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sheilah Vivanco-Coke
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, School of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Julio Tobar-Reyes
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, School of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pamela Araya-Díaz
- Faculty of Dentistry, Orthodontics and Orthopaedic Department, Andrés Bello University, Santiago, Chile
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27
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Affiliation(s)
- Nameer Al-Taai
- Correspondence to: Nameer Al-Taai, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, SE-901 85 Umeå, Sweden. E-mail:
| | - Maurits Persson
- Orthodontics, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Maria Ransjö
- Orthodontics, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Orthodontics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eva Levring Jäghagen
- Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Ronny Fors
- Orthodontics, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Anna Westerlund
- Department of Orthodontics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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28
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Maryn Y, Zarowski A, Loomans N. Exploration of the Influences of Temporary Velum Paralysis on Auditory-Perceptual, Acoustic, and Tomographical Markers. JOURNAL OF SPEECH, LANGUAGE, AND HEARING RESEARCH : JSLHR 2021; 64:4149-4177. [PMID: 34699253 DOI: 10.1044/2021_jslhr-20-00587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Purpose To better understand hypernasality (HN), we explored the relations between velopharyngeal orifice, auditory perception of HN, and acoustic-spectral measures in an in vivo within-subject design: (a) with a normally functioning velum as the control condition and (b) with a temporarily paralyzed velum as the experimental condition. Method The velum of eight volunteers was injected with ropivacaine hydrochloride (Naropin) in the area of the levator veli palatini and tensor veli palatini muscles to induce temporary velopharyngeal inadequacy (VPI) and HN. Sustained [a] and [i] and oronasal text readings were recorded, and 3D cone-beam computed tomography images of the vocal tract were built before and during velar anesthesia. Differences between conditions and correlations in normal-to-numb differences between velopharyngeal cross-sectional area (VParea), mean ratings of HN severity, and nine acoustic-spectral measures were determined. Results Three subjects already had some incomplete velopharyngeal closure in the control condition. Temporary motor nerve blockage of the velum (increased VParea) was accomplished in seven subjects, leading to increased HN and changes in three acoustic-spectral measures. Furthermore, significant correlations only emerged between VParea, HN, and ModelKataoka. Conclusions In most of the participants, it was possible to temporarily increase the velopharyngeal orifice to investigate HN while controlling other speech variables and cephalic morphology. Although this study was exploratory and its are findings preliminary, it provided additional evidence for the possible clinical value of ModelKataoka, A 3-P 0, and B F1 for the objective measurement of VPI or HN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youri Maryn
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, European Institute for ORL-HNS, GZA Sint-Augustinus, Wilrijk, Belgium
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Belgium
- Department of Speech-Language Therapy and Audiology, University College Ghent, Belgium
- School of Logopedics, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
- Phonanium, Lokeren, Belgium
| | - Andrzej Zarowski
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, European Institute for ORL-HNS, GZA Sint-Augustinus, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Natalie Loomans
- Department of Maxillo-Cranio-Facial Surgery, Craniofacial and Cleft Lip & Palate Team GZA Sint-Augustinus, Wilrijk, Belgium
- Face Ahead, Private Maxillo-Cranio-Facial Surgery Clinic, Antwerp, Belgium
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Shatskiy I. EFFECTIVE DOSES AND RADIATION RISKS FROM COMMON DENTAL RADIOGRAPHIC, PANORAMIC AND CBCT EXAMINATIONS. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2021; 195:296-305. [PMID: 34086952 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncab069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study was aimed at the estimation of the effective doses and radiation risks from dental X-ray examinations based on the data collection in St. Petersburg and the Leningrad Region. The range of mean values of effective doses for intraoral examinations on the X-ray units with film detectors was from 3.5 to 8.2 μSv and for the units with digital detectors-from 1.2 to 2.5 μSv. The mean effective doses for panoramic examinations were 22.9 μSv and for cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT)-530.6 μSv, respectively. The highest detriment-adjusted lifetime risk values were estimated for the 20-24-year-old age group: 40.8 × 10-6 in females and 32.7 × 10-6 in males for CBCT. Effective doses in St. Petersburg and Leningrad region were comparable or higher compared with the published data.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Shatskiy
- Laboratory of radiation hygiene of medical facilities, St-Petersburg Research Institute of Radiation Hygiene after Professor P.V. Ramzaev, Mira st. 8, St-Petersburg 197101, Russia
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30
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Belmans N, Oenning AC, Salmon B, Baselet B, Tabury K, Lucas S, Lambrichts I, Moreels M, Jacobs R, Baatout S. Radiobiological risks following dentomaxillofacial imaging: should we be concerned? Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2021; 50:20210153. [PMID: 33989056 PMCID: PMC8404518 DOI: 10.1259/dmfr.20210153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This review aimed to present studies that prospectively investigated biological effects in patients following diagnostic dentomaxillofacial radiology (DMFR). METHODS Literature was systematically searched to retrieve all studies assessing radiobiological effects of using X-ray imaging in the dentomaxillofacial area, with reference to radiobiological outcomes for other imaging modalities and fields. RESULTS There is a lot of variability in the reported radiobiological assessment methods and radiation dose measures, making comparisons of radiobiological studies challenging. Most radiological DMFR studies are focusing on genotoxicity and cytotoxicity, data for 2D dentomaxillofacial radiographs, albeit with some methodological weakness biasing the results. For CBCT, available evidence is limited and few studies include comparative data on both adults and children. CONCLUSIONS In the future, one will have to strive towards patient-specific measures by considering age, gender and other individual radiation sensitivity-related factors. Ultimately, future radioprotection strategies should build further on the concept of personalized medicine, with patient-specific optimization of the imaging protocol, based on radiobiological variables.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anne Caroline Oenning
- Division of Oral Radiology, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto de Pesquisas São, Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Bjorn Baselet
- Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Radiobiology Unit, Boeretang 200, Mol, Belgium
| | | | - Stéphane Lucas
- Laboratory of Analysis by Nuclear Reaction (LARN/PMR), Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences, University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Ivo Lambrichts
- Morphology Group, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building C, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Marjan Moreels
- Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Radiobiology Unit, Boeretang 200, Mol, Belgium
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van Bunningen RH, Dijkstra PU, Dieters A, van der Meer WJ, Kuijpers-Jagtman AM, Ren Y. Precision of orthodontic cephalometric measurements on ultra low dose-low dose CBCT reconstructed cephalograms. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 26:1543-1550. [PMID: 34453209 PMCID: PMC8816531 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-04127-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Objectives To analyze differences in variation of orthodontic diagnostic measurements on lateral cephalograms reconstructed from ultra low dose-low dose (ULD-LD) cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans (RLC) as compared to variation of measurements on standard lateral cephalograms (SLC), and to determine if it is justifiable to replace a traditional orthodontic image set for an ULD-LD CBCT with a reconstructed lateral cephalogram. Material and methods ULD-LD CBCT images and SLCs were made of forty-three dry human skulls. From the ULD-LD CBCT dataset, a lateral cephalogram was reconstructed (RLC). Cephalometric landmarks (13 skeletal and 7 dental) were identified on both SLC and RLC twice in two sessions by two calibrated observers. Thirteen cephalometric variables were calculated. Variations of measurements, expressed as standard deviations of the 4 measurements on SLC and RLC, were analyzed using a paired sample t-test. Differences in the number of observations deviating ≥ 2.0 mm or degrees from the grand mean between SLC and RLC were analyzed using a McNemar test. Results Mean SDs for 7 out of 13 variables were significantly smaller for SLCs than those for RLCs, but differences were small. For 9 out of 13 variables, there was no significant difference between SLC and RLC for the number of measurements outside the range of 2 mm or degrees. Conclusions Based on the lower radiation dose and the small differences in variation in cephalometric measurements on reconstructed LC compared to standard dose LC, ULD-LD CBCT with reconstructed LC should be considered for orthodontic diagnostic purposes. Clinical relevance ULD-LD CBCT with reconstructed LC should be considered for orthodontic purposes. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00784-021-04127-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- R H van Bunningen
- Department of Orthodontics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - P U Dijkstra
- Department of Rehabilitation and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - A Dieters
- Department of Orthodontics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - W J van der Meer
- Department of Orthodontics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - A M Kuijpers-Jagtman
- Department of Orthodontics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, School of Dental Medicine/Medical Faculty, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland.,Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Campus Salemba, Jalan Salemba Raya No. 4, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Y Ren
- Department of Orthodontics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Klatt JC, Sorowka T, Kluwe L, Smeets R, Gosau M, Hanken H. Does a preoperative cone beam CT reduce complication rates in the surgical removal of complex lower third molars? A retrospective study including 486 cases. Head Face Med 2021; 17:33. [PMID: 34389020 PMCID: PMC8364039 DOI: 10.1186/s13005-021-00271-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKROUND This study was designed to analyse the value of preoperative Cone Beam CTs (CBCT) prior to the surgical removal of complex lower third molars. Furthermore, the aim was to assess injuries to the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) bundle and postoperative neurological disorders depending on the position of the lower third molar and the inferior alveolar nerve bundle. METHODS In this retrospective examination preoperative Cone Beam CTs and Orthopantomographs (OPT) of 324 patients were analysed concerning the location of the lower third molars in relation to the mandible and the inferior alveolar nerve bundle. Surgery protocols of all patients who underwent the surgical removal of at least one complex lower third molar were analysed concerning patient data, length of surgery, intraoperative haemorrhage, intraoperative exposure of the inferior alveolar nerve bundle, postoperative swelling and postoperative neurological disorders. The data was then compared to data from international studies. RESULTS In all 324 patients a permanent neurological damage was not found. Temporary neurological damage was recorded in 13 cases (2.6%). A caudal nerve position with no measurable distance to the root of the lower third molar was associated with the highest risk of a temporal neurological damage. A vestibular touching nerve route also correlated with postoperative sensitivity impairment. If a mesioangulation (Winter) or a Pell and Gregory Type IIIC appears in the OPT, risk of neurological damage is at its highest. CONCLUSIONS Three-dimensional radiographic imaging, in our patient group, does not significantly affect the risk for complications during the surgical removal of complex lower third molars. Therefore, it should only be utilized for risk assessment, especially in cases of symptom-free lower third molars. A preoperative orthopantomogram still can be accepted as standard for radiographic imaging. An intraoperative exposure of the IAN bundle does not necessarily predict simultaneous neurological damage. Exposure of the IAN bundle is no indication for a discontinuation of the surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan C Klatt
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Tony Sorowka
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lan Kluwe
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ralf Smeets
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin Gosau
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Henning Hanken
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
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Alshammery D, Alqhtani N, Alajmi A, Dagriri L, Alrukban N, Alshahrani R, Alghamdi S. Non-surgical correction of gummy smile using temporary skeletal mini-screw anchorage devices: A systematic review. J Clin Exp Dent 2021; 13:e717-e723. [PMID: 34306536 PMCID: PMC8291159 DOI: 10.4317/jced.58242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There are no studies that have systematically reviewed randomized control trials and/or prospective cohort studies that have assessed the significance of temporary skeletal mini-screw anchorage devices (TSAD) for the correction of gummy-smile. The aim of the present systematic review was to assess the significance of non-surgical correction of gummy smile using TSAD.
Material and Methods The addressed focused question was “Are temporary skeletal mini-screw anchorage devices effective for the correction of gummy smile?” Indexed databases were searched up to and including May 2020. Different combinations of the following key-indexing terms were used: anchorage; gummy smile, mini-screw; orthodontic; and vertical maxillary excess. The literature search was performed without time and language barriers. Randomized clinical trials and prospective cohort studies that addressed the focused questions were included. Risk of bias was assessed using the Downs and Black and Cochran collaboration tools. Letters to the Editor, commentaries, case-reports/series and articles published in non-indexed databases were excluded.
Results The initial search yielded 2118 studies out of which, four studies met the inclusion criteria and were processed for data extraction. All studies had a prospective research design. One study was a clinical trial and 3 had a non-randomized design. Results of the clinical trial showed no statistically significant difference in the extent of intrusion between the test- and control-groups. The non-randomized studies showed that TSAD are useful in reducing deep overbite. All studies had a high risk of bias.
Conclusions The TSAD are an effective and practical option in facilitating reduction of excessive gingival display or gummy-smile. However, further long-term follow-up, well-designed and power-adjusted clinical trials are warranted in this regard. Key words:Anchorage, Excessive gingival display, Gummy-smile, Mini-screw.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deema Alshammery
- Department of Preventive Dental Science, College of Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasser Alqhtani
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 19942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asmaa Alajmi
- Dental Students, College of Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lamis Dagriri
- Dental Students, College of Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nouf Alrukban
- Dental Students, College of Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rahaf Alshahrani
- Dental Students, College of Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahad Alghamdi
- Dental Students, College of Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Saudi Arabia
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Kunzendorf B, Naujokat H, Wiltfang J. Indications for 3-D diagnostics and navigation in dental implantology with the focus on radiation exposure: a systematic review. Int J Implant Dent 2021; 7:52. [PMID: 34041613 PMCID: PMC8155130 DOI: 10.1186/s40729-021-00328-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dental implants are a common restorative method used to replace missing teeth. Implant placement techniques guided by three-dimensional imaging and navigation are becoming more widely available. Objective The present review focused on the following questions: 1. What are the advantages and disadvantages of 2-D versus 3-D imaging in dental implantology? 2. What are the advantages and disadvantages of freehand implant placement in comparison with navigation-guided implant placement? Methods A systematic review was performed, based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) statement. The following libraries were searched for relevant literature: PubMed, Embase, Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Wissenschaftlichen Medizinischen Fachgesellschaften (AWMF) Online, and the Cochrane Library. The risk of bias was assessed using the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SiGN) checklist. A total of 70 studies were included after screening, and the evidence from these was gathered for review. Results Three-dimensional imaging is advantageous in terms of image quality, and it provides a distortion-free evaluation of the implant site. However, it is also associated with higher costs and increased radiation exposure. Dynamic and static navigation are equal in accuracy and are both more accurate compared with the freehand method. No benefit in terms of implant survival could be demonstrated within the first 5 years for any specific method. Discussion A panoramic X-ray with a reference body often provides sufficient imaging and is the primary method for two-dimensional imaging. Cone beam computed tomography with low-dose protocol settings should be used if three-dimensional imaging is needed. Navigational support should be considered in the event of especially complex cases. Conclusion The guidance technique used for implant placement should be decided on an individual basis. With the increasing availability of three-dimensional imaging, there should also be an increase in awareness of radiation exposure. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40729-021-00328-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burkhard Kunzendorf
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Straße 3, 24105, Kiel, Germany.
| | - Hendrik Naujokat
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Straße 3, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jörg Wiltfang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Straße 3, 24105, Kiel, Germany
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Al-Taai N, Levring Jäghagen E, Persson M, Ransjö M, Westerlund A. A Superimposition-Based Cephalometric Method to Quantitate Craniofacial Changes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18105260. [PMID: 34069290 PMCID: PMC8156959 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18105260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
To assess the craniofacial changes related to growth and/or to orthodontic and orthognathic treatments, it is necessary to superimpose serial radiographs on stable structures. However, conventional superimposition provides only a graphical illustration of these changes. To increase the precision of growth and treatment evaluations, it is desirable to quantitate these craniofacial changes. The aims of this study were to (1) evaluate a superimposition-based cephalometric method to process numerical data for craniofacial growth changes and (2) identify a valid, reliable, and feasible method for superimposition. Forty pairs of cephalograms were analyzed at T1 and T2 (mean age 9.9 and 15.0 years, respectively). The superimposition-based cephalometric method involved relating the sagittal and vertical measurements on the T2 radiographs to the nasion and sella landmarks on the T1 radiographs. Validity and reliability were evaluated for three superimposition methods: the sella-nasion (SN); the tuberculum sella-wing (TW); and Björk’s structural. Superimposition-based cephalometrics can be used to quantify craniofacial changes digitally. The numerical data from the superimposition-based cephalometrics reflected a graphical illustration of superimposition and differed significantly from the data acquired through conventional cephalometrics. Superimposition using the TW method is recommended as it is valid, reliable, and feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nameer Al-Taai
- Orthodontics, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, SE-901 85 Umeå, Sweden; (M.P.); (M.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +46-70-416-5676
| | - Eva Levring Jäghagen
- Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, SE-901 85 Umeå, Sweden;
| | - Maurits Persson
- Orthodontics, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, SE-901 85 Umeå, Sweden; (M.P.); (M.R.)
| | - Maria Ransjö
- Orthodontics, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, SE-901 85 Umeå, Sweden; (M.P.); (M.R.)
- Department of Orthodontics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden;
| | - Anna Westerlund
- Department of Orthodontics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden;
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Effectiveness of 2D radiographs in detecting CBCT-based incidental findings in orthodontic patients. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9280. [PMID: 33927309 PMCID: PMC8085218 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88795-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Some craniofacial diseases or anatomical variations are found in radiographic images taken for other purposes. These incidental findings (IFs) can be detected in orthodontic patients, as various radiographs are required for orthodontic diagnosis. The radiographic data of 1020-orthodontic patients were interpreted to evaluate the rates of IFs in three-dimensional (3D) cone-beam-computed tomography (CBCT) with a large field of view (FOV) and investigate the effectiveness and accuracy of two-dimensional (2D) radiographs for detecting IFs compared to CBCT. Prevalence and accuracy in five areas was measured for sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV). The accuracies of various 2D-radiograph were compared through a proportion test. A total of 709-cases (69.5%) of 1020-subjects showed one or more IFs in CBCT images. Nasal cavity was the most affected area. Based on the CBCT images as a gold standard, different accuracies of various 2D-radiographs were observed in each area of the findings. The highest accuracy was confirmed in soft tissue calcifications with comprehensive radiographs. For detecting nasal septum deviations, postero-anterior cephalograms were the most accurate 2D radiograph. In cases the IFs were not determined because of its ambiguity in 2D radiographs, considering them as an absence of findings increased the accuracy.
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Age-dependent decrease in dental pulp cavity volume as a feature for age assessment: a comparative in vitro study using 9.4-T UTE-MRI and CBCT 3D imaging. Int J Legal Med 2021; 135:1599-1609. [PMID: 33903959 PMCID: PMC8206054 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-021-02603-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Evaluation of secondary dentin formation is generally suitable for age assessment. We investigated the potential of modern magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technology to visualize the dental pulp in direct comparison with cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). To this end, we examined 32 extracted human teeth (teeth 11–48 [FDI]) using 9.4-T ultrashort echo time (UTE)-MRI and CBCT (methods). 3D reconstruction was performed via both manual and semi-automatic segmentation (settings) for both methods in two runs by one examiner. Nine teeth were also examined by a second examiner. We evaluated the agreement between examiners, scan methods, and settings. CBCT was able to determine the pulp volume for all teeth. This was not possible for two teeth on MRI due to MRI artifacts. The mean pulp volume estimated by CBCT was consistently higher (~ 43%) with greater variability. With lower variability in its measurements, evaluation of pulp volume using the MRI method exhibited greater sensitivity to differences between settings (p = 0.016) and between examiners (p = 0.009). The interactions of single-rooted teeth and multi-rooted teeth and method or setting were not found to be significant. For examiner agreement, the mean pulp volumes were similar with overlapping measurements (ICC > 0.995). Suitable for use in age assessment is 9.4-T UTE-MRI with good reliability and lower variation than CBCT. For MRI, manual segmentation is necessary due to a more detailed representation of the interior of the pulp cavity. Since determination of pulp volume is expected to be systematically larger using CBCT, method-specific reference values are indispensable for practical age assessment procedures. The results should be verified under in vivo conditions in the future.
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Shahrin AA, Ghani SHA, Norman NH. Effect of micro-osteoperforations on external apical root resorption: A randomized controlled trial. Korean J Orthod 2021; 51:86-94. [PMID: 33678624 PMCID: PMC7940811 DOI: 10.4041/kjod.2021.51.2.86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to investigate the effect of micro-osteoperforations (MOPs) on external apical root resorption (EARR) during the initial orthodontic alignment phase of maxillary anterior crowding. Methods Thirty patients (25 females, 5 males; mean age, 22.66 ± 3.27 years) who presented with moderate crowding of the upper labial segment and underwent extraction-based fixed appliance treatment were recruited. They were randomly allocated to receive adjunctive therapy with MOPs (n = 15) or treatment with fixed appliances only (control group; n = 15). EARR was measured from long-cone periapical radiographs taken at the start and the sixth month of treatment. A correction factor for the enlargement difference was used to calculate EARR. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and repeated-measures analysis of variance. Results The mean root lengths of 168 teeth were measured and showed no statistically significant difference (p > 0.05) after six months of fixed appliance treatment in the MOP (mean difference [MD] = 0.13 mm; 95% confidence interval [CI] = −0.10–0.35) and control group (MD = 0.14 mm; 95% CI = −0.10–0.37). Most of the roots in the MOP and control groups (42.86% and 52.38%, respectively) showed only mild resorption. Less than 8% of the roots in both groups (7.14% in the MOP group and 4.76% in the control group) showed moderate resorption. Conclusions Acceleration of orthodontic tooth movement with adjunctive MOPs therapy during the alignment phase does not exacerbate EARR in patients with moderate crowding of the upper labial segment in comparison with controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azaitun Akma Shahrin
- Centre of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontic Studies, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Jalan Hospital, Sungai Buloh, Malaysia
| | - Sarah Haniza Abdul Ghani
- Centre of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontic Studies, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Jalan Hospital, Sungai Buloh, Malaysia
| | - Noraina Hafizan Norman
- Centre of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontic Studies, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Jalan Hospital, Sungai Buloh, Malaysia
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Nagata K, Fuchigami K, Kitami R, Okuhama Y, Wakamori K, Sumitomo H, Kim H, Okubo M, Kawana H. Comparison of the performances of low-crystalline carbonate apatite and Bio-Oss in sinus augmentation using three-dimensional image analysis. Int J Implant Dent 2021; 7:24. [PMID: 33754242 PMCID: PMC7985233 DOI: 10.1186/s40729-021-00303-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In locations where the alveolar bone height is low, such as at the maxillary molars, implant placement can be difficult, or even impossible, without procedures aimed at generating new bone, such as sinus lifts. Various types of bone graft materials are used after a sinus lift. In our study, a three-dimensional image analysis using a volume analyzer was performed to measure and compare the volume of demineralized bovine bone mineral (Bio-Oss®) and carbonate apatite (Cytrans®) after a sinus lift, as well as the amount of bone graft material resorption. Patient data were collected from cone-beam computed tomography images taken before, immediately following, and 6 months after the sinus lift. Using these images, both the volume and amount of resorption of each bone graft material were measured using a three-dimensional image analysis system. RESULTS The amount of bone resorption in the Bio-Oss®-treated group was 25.2%, whereas that of the Cytrans®-treated group was 14.2%. A significant difference was found between the two groups (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that the volume of bone resorption was smaller in the Cytrans®-treated group than in the Bio-Oss®-treated group, suggesting that Cytrans® is more promising for successful implant treatments requiring a sinus lift.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koudai Nagata
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Implantology, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka, 238-8580, Japan
| | - Kei Fuchigami
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Implantology, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka, 238-8580, Japan
| | - Ryoji Kitami
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Implantology, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka, 238-8580, Japan
| | - Yurie Okuhama
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Implantology, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka, 238-8580, Japan
| | - Kana Wakamori
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Implantology, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka, 238-8580, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Sumitomo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Implantology, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka, 238-8580, Japan
| | - Hyunjin Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Implantology, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka, 238-8580, Japan
| | - Manabu Okubo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Implantology, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka, 238-8580, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Kawana
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Implantology, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka, 238-8580, Japan.
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Genetic factors contributing to skeletal class III malocclusion: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 25:1587-1612. [PMID: 33550467 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03731-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present systematic review aims to report and critically assess the findings of the available scientific evidence from genetic association studies examining the genetic variants underlying skeletal class III malocclusion and its sub-phenotypes. MATERIAL AND METHODS A pre-piloted protocol was registered and followed. The PubMed, Scopus, WOS, Cochrane Library, Gray Open literature, and CADTH databases were explored for genetic association studies following PICOS-based selection criteria. The research was reported in accordance with PRISMA statement and HuGE guidelines. The Q-genie tool was applied to assess the quality of genetic studies. Meta-analysis of genetic association studies was done by means of Meta-Genyo tool. RESULTS A total of 8258 articles were retrieved, of which 22 were selected for in-depth analysis. Most of the studies did not differentiate between sub-phenotypes, and the cohorts were heterogeneous regarding ethnicity. Four to five principal components of class III malocclusion explained the phenotypic variation, and gene variants at MYO1H(rs10850110), BMP3(rs1390319), GHR (rs2973015,rs6184, rs2973015), FGF7(rs372127537), FGF10(rs593307), and SNAI3(rs4287555) (p < .05) explained most of the variation across the studies, associated to vertical, horizontal, or combined skeletal discrepancies. Meta-analysis results identified a statistically significant association between risk of class III malocclusion of A allele of the FBN3 rs7351083 [OR 2.13; 95% CI 1.1-4.1; p 0.02; recessive model]. CONCLUSION Skeletal class III is a polygenic trait substantially modulated by ethnicity. A multicentric approach should be considered in future studies to increase sample sizes, applying multivariate analysis such as PCA and cluster analysis to characterize existing sub-phenotypes warranting a deeper analysis of genetic variants contributing to skeletal class III craniofacial disharmony. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Grasping the underlying mechanisms of this pathology is critical for a fuller understanding of its etiology, allowing generation of preventive strategies, new individualized therapeutic approaches and more accurate treatment planification strategies.
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Eliasova H, Dostalova T, Prochazka A, Sediva E, Horacek M, Urbanova P, Hlinakova P. Comparison of 2D OPG image versus orthopantomogram from 3D CBCT from the forensic point of view. Leg Med (Tokyo) 2021; 48:101802. [PMID: 33478657 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2020.101802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Forensic dental identification has employed traditionally 2D digital radiological imaging techniques. More recently, 3D cone beam computer tomography (CBCT) data, widely applied in clinical dentistry, have been gradually used. The purpose of this study was to compare the precision and quality of 2D digital orthopantomogram (OPG) and 2D OPG images generated from cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). The study sample consisted of 50 patients with archived conventional 2D OPG and 3D CBCT images. Patients signed an informed consent form to take part in our study. Measurements of the mandible, teeth and dental restorations were taken by two observers on calibrated 2D OPG and 3D CBCT-to-OPG images using measurement functionalities of DOPLHIN software. Acquired dimensions were compared side by side and images of fillings were superimposed. For better visual comparison and more efficient image registration, the methods of spline interpolation were used. The pairs of absolute measurements obtained from conventional OPG and CBCT-to-OPG-converted images were highly correlated (p < 0.05). However, larger, and horizontally measured distances were revealed to be more affected than shorter vertically taken measurements. In relative terms, CBCT-generated width/length indices of the canines and the first molars ranged from 84% to 99.8% of those acquired from traditional OPGs. In addition, corresponding points on the teeth and fillings were compared side by side and in superimposition. The average coincidence of images was 6.1%. The results revealed that for selected metric variables 2D OPGs and 3D CBCT-generated OPGs were complementary and could be used for forensic comparisons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Eliasova
- Institute of Criminalistics, Police of the Czech Republic, Strojnická 27, 170 89 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Tatjana Dostalova
- Department of Stomatology, Charles University, 2nd Medical Faculty and Motol University Hospital, V Uvalu 84, 150 06 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Ales Prochazka
- University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Department of Computing and Control Engineering, Technicka 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Eliska Sediva
- Department of Stomatology, Charles University, 2nd Medical Faculty and Motol University Hospital, V Uvalu 84, 150 06 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Martin Horacek
- Department of Stomatology, Charles University, 2nd Medical Faculty and Motol University Hospital, V Uvalu 84, 150 06 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Petra Urbanova
- Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, Department of Anthropology, Kotlarska 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Petra Hlinakova
- Department of Stomatology, Charles University, 2nd Medical Faculty and Motol University Hospital, V Uvalu 84, 150 06 Prague, Czech Republic.
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Dhont K, Bernaerts A, Vanhoenacker C, Vanhoenacker FM, De Foer B. Imaging Anatomy of the Jaw and Dentition with Cone Beam Computed Tomography. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2020; 24:488-498. [PMID: 33036037 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1701494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Knowledge of dental, maxillary, and mandibular anatomy and the use of correct nomenclature is critical in the evaluation of a mandibulofacial and/or maxillofacial imaging data set. The use of the correct diagnostic imaging tool tailored to the patient's needs is of equal importance. This article highlights imaging anatomy and cross-sectional imaging modalities mainly focusing on cone beam computed tomography of the mandibulofacial and maxillofacial region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Dhont
- Department of Radiology, GZA Hospitals, Antwerp, Belgium.,Department of Radiology, UZ Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anja Bernaerts
- Department of Radiology, GZA Hospitals, Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Filip M Vanhoenacker
- Department of Radiology, AZ Sint-Maarten, Mechelen, Belgium.,Department of Radiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, and Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bert De Foer
- Department of Radiology, GZA Hospitals, Antwerp, Belgium
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Timme M, Borkert J, Nagelmann N, Schmeling A. Evaluation of secondary dentin formation for forensic age assessment by means of semi-automatic segmented ultrahigh field 9.4 T UTE MRI datasets. Int J Legal Med 2020; 134:2283-2288. [PMID: 32940844 PMCID: PMC7578159 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-020-02425-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Dental methods are an important element of forensic age assessment of living persons. After the development of all the teeth, including third molars, is completed, degenerative characteristics can be used to assess age. The radiologically detectable reduction of the dental pulp cavity has been described as such a feature. We investigated the suitability of ultrahigh field 9.4 T ultrashort time echo (UTE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the evaluation of pulp cavity volume in relation to the total tooth volume in 4 extracted human teeth. The volume calculations were performed after semi-automatic segmentation by software AMIRA using the different intensities of the structures in the MRI dataset. The automatically selected intensity range was adjusted manually to the structures. The visual distinction of pulp and tooth structure was possible in all cases with in-plane resolution < 70 μm. Ratios of tooth/pulp volume were calculated, which could be suitable for age estimation procedures. Intensity shifts within the pulp were not always correctly assigned by the software in the course of segmentation. 9.4 T UTE-MRI technology is a forward-looking, radiation-free procedure that allows the volume of the dental pulp to be determined at high spatial resolution and is thus potentially a valuable instrument for the age assessment of living persons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Timme
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Röntgenstraße 23, 48149, Münster, Germany.
| | - Jens Borkert
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Röntgenstraße 23, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Nina Nagelmann
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Translational Research Imaging Center (TRIC), University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Andreas Schmeling
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Röntgenstraße 23, 48149, Münster, Germany
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El H, Stefanovic N, Palomo JM, Palomo L. Strategies for Managing the Risk of Mucogingival Changes During Impacted Maxillary Canine Treatment. Turk J Orthod 2020; 33:123-132. [PMID: 32637194 DOI: 10.5152/turkjorthod.2020.20038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Gingival recession is a frequent mucogingival defect in the adult population. It affects the esthetics and is related to hypersensitivity and a high risk of periodontal attachment loss. The connection between orthodontic treatment and periodontal health has been debated for a long time. A healthy periodontium can be preserved during safe orthodontic tooth movement even in patients with poor mucogingival anatomy. This article aimed to review the strategies around managing the risks of mucogingival and apical root changes owing to maxillary canine impaction, with a special focus on gingival recession and impacted maxillary canine treatment. Maxillary canines are the second most frequently impacted teeth after the third molars. They can be located in the labial or buccal aspect of the alveolar bone. If interceptive procedures fail, the next step is the challenging and time-consuming comprehensive orthodontic-surgical treatment. Determining the exact impacted canine location, its relation to the adjacent teeth and structures, the least invasive surgical approach, and the best path for traction are all a part of the standard diagnostic process. It has also been suggested that orthodontists should evaluate periodontal risks to achieve the best possible results. Clinical examination and cone beam computed tomography provide valuable information for the treatment plan that yields good results with a healthy periodontium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hakan El
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Neda Stefanovic
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Juan Martin Palomo
- Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Imaging Center, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Leena Palomo
- Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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Chen G, Al Awadi M, Chambers DW, Lagravère-Vich MO, Xu T, Oh H. The three-dimensional stable mandibular landmarks in patients between the ages of 12.5 and 17.1 years. BMC Oral Health 2020; 20:153. [PMID: 32460733 PMCID: PMC7251715 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-020-01142-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background With the aid of implants, Björk identified two-dimensional mandibular stable structures in cephalograms during facial growth. However, we do not know what the three-dimensional stable structures are with certainty. The purpose of this study was to identify the most stable mandibular landmarks in growing patients using three-dimensional images. Methods The sample was comprised of two cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans taken about 4.6 years apart in 20 growing patients between the ages of 12.5 (T1) and 17.1 years (T2). After head orientation, landmarks were located on the chin (Pog), internal symphysis (Points C, D and E), and mandibular canals, which included the mental foramina (MF and MFA) and mandibular foramina (MdF). The linear distance change between Point C and these landmarks was measured on each CBCT to test stability through time. The reliability of the suggested stable landmarks was also evaluated. Results The total distance changes between Point C and points D, E, Pog, MF, and MFA were all less than 1.0 mm from T1 to T2. The reliability measures of these landmarks, which were measured by the Cronbach alpha, were above 0.94 in all three dimensions for each landmark. From T1 to T2, the distance changes from Point C to the right and left mandibular foramina were 3.39 ± 3.29 mm and 3.03 ± 2.83 mm, respectively. Conclusions During a growth period that averaged 4.6 years, ranging from 11.2 to 19.8 years old, the structures that appeared relatively stable and could be used in mandibular regional superimpositions included Pog, landmarks on the inferior part of the internal symphysis, and the mental foramen. The centers of the mandibular foramina and the starting points of the mandibular canal underwent significant changes in the transverse and sagittal dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui Chen
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Mona Al Awadi
- Department of Orthodontics, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, 155 5th Street, San Francisco, CA, 94103, USA
| | - David William Chambers
- Department of Orthodontics, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, 155 5th Street, San Francisco, CA, 94103, USA
| | - Manuel O Lagravère-Vich
- Associate Professor of Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Tianmin Xu
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Heesoo Oh
- Department of Orthodontics, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, 155 5th Street, San Francisco, CA, 94103, USA.
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2D vs. 3D Radiological Methods for Dental Age Determination around 18 Years: A Systematic Review. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10093094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The age of a living human being can be determined by applying a number of different methods; the most diffused are skeletal and dental methods, both principally based on X-rays examinations. This systematic review assesses the current evidence regarding the accuracy and reliability of Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) vs. Orthopantomography (OPG) in age determination. A computerized systematic literature search of studies published up to January 2020 was conducted without language restrictions in order to identify articles comparing CBCT vs. OPG in dental anatomy evaluation, articles evaluating the accuracy of dental methods for age estimation, both with CT and OPG exams, and articles comparing CBCT vs. OPG in terms of radiation dose. CBCT was found to be more accurate compared to OPG in dental anatomy evaluation. When analyzing young adults, an estimation error of two years is considered forensically acceptable. The radiation dose of a CBCT exam is higher compared to an OPG exam. However, the difference is not as marked with small Fields Of View (FOV) and low-resolution protocols. Final conclusion was that a small FOV CBCT centered on the mandibular angle of a young patient is an accurate and safe method for dental age estimation around the age of 18.
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Accuracy of alveolar bone height and thickness measurements in cone beam computed tomography: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2019; 128:667-679. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2019.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Colceriu-Şimon IM, Băciuţ M, Ştiufiuc RI, Aghiorghiesei A, Ţărmure V, Lenghel M, Hedeşiu M, Băciuţ G. Clinical indications and radiation doses of cone beam computed tomography in orthodontics. Med Pharm Rep 2019; 92:346-351. [PMID: 31750433 PMCID: PMC6853038 DOI: 10.15386/mpr-1434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cone beam computed tomography can be used in pediatric population when a tridimensional analysis of dental and maxillofacial bone structures is required. Even though CBCT is considered a low dose radiological examination, ionizing radiation is a known human carcinogenic factor. Furthermore, biological effects are more important in young patients because of their higher radiosensitivity. Orthodontic treatment is typically initiated at young ages and the most common radiographs at this age are dental. This makes it important to quantify the effects of diagnostic radiographs, in particular of CBCT, due to the fact that the radiation doses are higher compared to conventional radiological methods. So far, the carcinogenic response after low dose radiation exposure is not fully understood in the scientific literature. The aim of our review was to emphasize the main indications of CBCT in orthodontics and to evaluate the radiation doses and potential risks of CBCT irradiation of pediatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Maria Colceriu-Şimon
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mihaela Băciuţ
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Maxillofacial Surgery and Implantology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Rareş Ionuţ Ştiufiuc
- Department of Pharmaceutical Physics-Biophysics, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alexandra Aghiorghiesei
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Dental Materials, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Viorica Ţărmure
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Manuela Lenghel
- Department of Radiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mihaela Hedeşiu
- Department of Oral Radiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Grigore Băciuţ
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Cone-Beam Computed Tomography in Orthodontics. Dent J (Basel) 2019; 7:dj7030089. [PMID: 31480667 PMCID: PMC6784482 DOI: 10.3390/dj7030089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Unlike patients receiving implants or endodontic treatment, most orthodontic patients are children who are particularly sensitive to ionizing radiation. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) carries risks and benefits in orthodontics. The principal risks and limitations include ionizing radiation, the presence of artifacts, higher cost, limited accessibility, and the need for additional training. However, this imaging modality has several recognized indications in orthodontics, such as the assessment of impacted and ectopic teeth, assessment of pharyngeal airway, assessment of mini-implant sites, evaluation of craniofacial abnormalities, evaluation of sinus anatomy or pathology, evaluation of root resorption, evaluation of the cortical bone plate, and orthognathic surgery planning and evaluation. CBCT is particularly justified when it brings a benefit to the patient or changes the outcome of the treatment when compared with conventional imaging techniques. Therefore, CBCT should be considered for clinical orthodontics for selected patients. Prescription of CBCT requires judicious and sound clinical judgment. The central question of this narrative review article is: when does CBCT add value to the practice of orthodontics? To answer this question, this article presents discussion on radiation dosage of CBCT and other imaging techniques used in orthodontics, limitations of CBCT in orthodontics, justifying the use of CBCT in orthodontics, and the benefits and evidence-based indications of CBCT in orthodontics. This review summarizes the central themes and topics in the literature regarding CBCT in orthodontics and presents ten orthodontic cases in which CBCT proved to be valuable.
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Belmans N, Gilles L, Virag P, Hedesiu M, Salmon B, Baatout S, Lucas S, Jacobs R, Lambrichts I, Moreels M. Method validation to assess in vivo cellular and subcellular changes in buccal mucosa cells and saliva following CBCT examinations. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2019; 48:20180428. [PMID: 30912976 PMCID: PMC6747439 DOI: 10.1259/dmfr.20180428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cone-beam CT (CBCT) is a medical imaging technique used in dental medicine. However, there are no conclusive data available indicating that exposure to X-ray doses used by CBCT are harmless. We aim, for the first time, to characterize the potential age-dependent cellular and subcellular effects related to exposure to CBCT imaging. Current objective is to describe and validate the protocol for characterization of cellular and subcellular changes after diagnostic CBCT. METHODS Development and validation of a dedicated two-part protocol: 1) assessing DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) in buccal mucosal (BM) cells and 2) oxidative stress measurements in saliva samples. BM cells and saliva samples are collected prior to and 0.5 h after CBCT examination. BM cells are also collected 24 h after CBCT examination. DNA DSBs are monitored in BM cells via immunocytochemical staining for γH2AX and 53BP1. 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG) and total antioxidant capacity are measured in saliva to assess oxidative damage. RESULTS Validation experiments show that sufficient BM cells are collected (97.1 ± 1.4 %) and that γH2AX/53BP1 foci can be detected before and after CBCT examination. Collection and analysis of saliva samples, either sham exposed or exposed to IR, show that changes in 8-oxo-dG and total antioxidant capacity can be detected in saliva samples after CBCT examination. CONCLUSION The DIMITRA Research Group presents a two-part protocol to analyze potential age-related biological differences following CBCT examinations. This protocol was validated for collecting BM cells and saliva and for analyzing these samples for DNA DSBs and oxidative stress markers, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Liese Gilles
- Morphology Group, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Piroska Virag
- ‘Iuliu Hatieganu’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mihaela Hedesiu
- ‘Iuliu Hatieganu’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Benjamin Salmon
- Department of Orofacial Pathologies, Imaging and Biotherapies Lab and Dental Medicine, Paris Descartes University - Sorbonne Paris Cité, Bretonneau Hospital, HUPNVS, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Sarah Baatout
- Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, Radiobiology Unit, SCK•CEN, Mol, Belgium
| | - Stéphane Lucas
- University of Namur, Research Institute for Life Sciences, Namur, Belgium
| | | | - Ivo Lambrichts
- Morphology Group, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Marjan Moreels
- Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, Radiobiology Unit, SCK•CEN, Mol, Belgium
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