1
|
Qu G, Wang K, Mu J, Zhuo J, Wang X, Li S, Ye X, Li Y, Yan Y, Li X. Identifying cis-Acting Elements Associated with the High Activity and Endosperm Specificity of the Promoters of Genes Encoding Low-Molecular-Weight Glutenin Subunits in Common Wheat ( Triticum aestivum). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023. [PMID: 37919930 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c04209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Low-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (LMW-GSs) associated with bread-baking quality and flour nutrient quality accumulate in endosperms of common wheat and related species. However, the mechanism underlying the expression regulation of genes encoding LMW-GSs has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we identified LMW-D2 and LMW-D7, which are highly and weakly expressed, respectively, via the analysis of RNA-sequencing data of Chinese Spring wheat and wheat transgenic lines transformed with 5' deletion promoter fragments and GUS fusion constructs. The 605-bp fragment upstream of the LMW-D2 start codon could drive high levels of GUS expression in the endosperm. The truncated endosperm box located at the -300 site resulted in the loss of LMW-D2 promoter activity, and a single-nucleotide polymorphism on the GCN4 motif was closely related to the expression of LMW-GSs. TCT and TGACG motifs, as well as the others located on the 5' distal end, might also be involved in the transcription regulation of LMW-GSs. In transgenic lines, fusion proteins of LMW-GS and GUS were deposited into protein bodies. Our findings provide new insights into the mechanism underlying the transcription regulation of LMW-GSs and will contribute to the development of wheat endosperm as a bioreactor for the production of nutraceuticals, antibodies, vaccines, and medicinal proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ge Qu
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Ke Wang
- National Wheat Improvement Center, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Junyi Mu
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Jiahui Zhuo
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Shasha Li
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Xingguo Ye
- National Wheat Improvement Center, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yaxuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yueming Yan
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
|
3
|
Tsonev S, Christov NK, Mihova G, Dimitrova A, Todorovska EG. Genetic diversity and population structure of bread wheat varieties grown in Bulgaria based on microsatellite and phenotypic analyses. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2021.1996274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Tsonev
- Department of Functional Genetics, AgroBioInstitute, Agricultural Academy, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | | | - Gallina Mihova
- Department of Cereal and Legumes Breeding, Dobrudzha Agricultural Institute, Agricultural Academy, General Toshevo, Bulgaria
| | - Anna Dimitrova
- Department of Regulation of Gene Expression, Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ravel C, Faye A, Ben-Sadoun S, Ranoux M, Dardevet M, Dupuits C, Exbrayat F, Poncet C, Sourdille P, Branlard G. SNP markers for early identification of high molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GSs) in bread wheat. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2020; 133:751-770. [PMID: 31907562 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-019-03505-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
A set of eight SNP markers was developed to facilitate the early selection of HMW-GS alleles in breeding programmes. In bread wheat (Triticum aestivum), the high molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GSs) are the most important determinants of technological quality. Known to be very diverse, HMW-GSs are encoded by the tightly linked genes Glu-1-1 and Glu-1-2. Alleles that improve the quality of dough have been identified. Up to now, sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) of grain proteins is the most widely used for their identification. To facilitate the early selection of HMW-GS alleles in breeding programmes, we developed DNA-based molecular markers. For each accession of a core collection (n = 364 lines) representative of worldwide bread wheat diversity, HMW-GSs were characterized by both genotyping and SDS-PAGE. Based on electrophoresis, we observed at least 8, 22 and 9 different alleles at the Glu-A1, Glu-B1 and Glu-D1 loci, respectively, including new variants. We designed a set of 17 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers that were representative of the most frequent SDS-PAGE alleles at each locus. At Glu-A1 and Glu-D1, two and three marker-based haplotypes, respectively, captured the diversity of the SDS-PAGE alleles rather well. Discrepancies were found mainly for the Glu-B1 locus. However, statistical tests revealed that two markers at each Glu-B1 gene and their corresponding haplotypes were more significantly associated with the rheological properties of the dough than were the relevant SDS-PAGE alleles. To conclude, this study demonstrates that the SNP markers developed provide additional information on HMW-GS diversity. Two markers at Glu-A1, four at Glu-B1 and two at Glu-D1 constitute a useful toolbox for breeding wheat to improve end-use value.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Ravel
- UMR1095, Genetics Diversity and Ecophysiology of Cereals, INRA,Clermont Auvergne University, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Annie Faye
- UMR1095, Genetics Diversity and Ecophysiology of Cereals, INRA,Clermont Auvergne University, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Sarah Ben-Sadoun
- UMR1095, Genetics Diversity and Ecophysiology of Cereals, INRA,Clermont Auvergne University, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Marion Ranoux
- UMR1095, Genetics Diversity and Ecophysiology of Cereals, INRA,Clermont Auvergne University, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Mireille Dardevet
- UMR1095, Genetics Diversity and Ecophysiology of Cereals, INRA,Clermont Auvergne University, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Cécile Dupuits
- UMR1095, Genetics Diversity and Ecophysiology of Cereals, INRA,Clermont Auvergne University, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Florence Exbrayat
- UMR1095, Genetics Diversity and Ecophysiology of Cereals, INRA,Clermont Auvergne University, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Charles Poncet
- UMR1095, Genetics Diversity and Ecophysiology of Cereals, INRA,Clermont Auvergne University, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Pierre Sourdille
- UMR1095, Genetics Diversity and Ecophysiology of Cereals, INRA,Clermont Auvergne University, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Gérard Branlard
- UMR1095, Genetics Diversity and Ecophysiology of Cereals, INRA,Clermont Auvergne University, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Effect of wheat grain protein composition on end-use quality. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2020; 57:2771-2785. [PMID: 32624587 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-019-04222-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The quality of wheat products has been a new challenge next to wheat production which was achieved substantially during green revolution. The end-use quality of wheat is an essential factor for its commercial demand. The quality of wheat is largely based on the wheat storage proteins which extensively influences the dough properties. High molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMWGS), low molecular weight glutenin subunits (LMWGS) and gliadins significantly influence the end-use quality. Genomics and proteomics study of these gluten proteins of bread and durum wheat have explored new avenues for precise identification of the alleles and their role in end-use quality improvement. Secalin protein of Secale cereale encoded by Sec-1 loci and is associated with 1RS.1BL translocation has been known for deterioration of end-use quality. Chromosomal manipulations using various approaches have led to the development of new recombinant lines of wheat without secalin. Advanced techniques associated with assessment of end-use quality have integrated the knowledge of useful or deteriorating HMWGS/LMWGS alleles and their potential role in end-use quality. This review gives a comprehensive insight of different aspects of the end-use quality perspective for bread making in wheat along with some information on the immunological interference of gluten in celiac disease.
Collapse
|
6
|
Shen L, Luo G, Song Y, Song S, Li Y, Yang W, Li X, Sun J, Liu D, Zhang A. Low molecular weight glutenin subunit gene composition at Glu-D3 loci of Aegilops tauschii and common wheat and a further view of wheat evolution. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS 2018; 131:2745-2763. [PMID: 30225644 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-018-3188-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
7
|
Wang D, Zhang K, Dong L, Dong Z, Li Y, Hussain A, Zhai H. Molecular genetic and genomic analysis of wheat milling and end-use traits in China: Progress and perspectives. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cj.2017.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
8
|
Ibba MI, Kiszonas AM, Morris CF. Influence of Low-Molecular-Weight Glutenin Subunit Haplotypes on Dough Rheology in Elite Common Wheat Varieties. Cereal Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1094/cchem-07-17-0137-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria I. Ibba
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, U.S.A
| | | | - Craig F. Morris
- USDA-ARS Western Wheat Quality Laboratory, Pullman, WA, U.S.A
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lian DS, Zeng HS. Capillary Electrophoresis Based on Nucleic Acid Detection as Used in Food Analysis. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2017; 16:1281-1295. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Sheng Lian
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center of Guangzhou Medical University; NO. 9 at Jinsui Rd., Tianhe District Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Hua-Song Zeng
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center of Guangzhou Medical University; NO. 9 at Jinsui Rd., Tianhe District Guangzhou Guangdong China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ibba MI, Kiszonas AM, Morris CF. Evidence of intralocus recombination at the Glu-3 loci in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2017; 130:891-902. [PMID: 28289804 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-017-2858-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Recombination at the Glu-3 loci was identified, and strong genetic linkage was observed only between the amplicons representing i-type and s-type genes located, respectively, at the Glu-A3 and Glu-B3 loci. The low-molecular weight glutenin subunits (LMW-GSs) are one of the major components of wheat seed storage proteins and play a critical role in the determination of wheat end-use quality. The genes encoding this class of proteins are located at the orthologous Glu-3 loci (Glu-A3, Glu-B3, and Glu-D3). Due to the complexity of these chromosomal regions and the high sequence similarity between different LMW-GS genes, their organization and recombination characteristics are still incompletely understood. This study examined intralocus recombination at the Glu-3 loci in two recombinant inbred line (RIL) and one doubled haploid (DH) population, all segregating for the Glu-A3, Glu-B3, and Glu-D3 loci. The analysis was conducted using a gene marker system that consists of the amplification of the complete set of the LMW-GS genes and their visualization by capillary electrophoresis. Recombinant marker haplotypes were detected in all three populations with different recombination rates depending on the locus and the population. No recombination was observed between the amplicons representing i-type and s-type LMW-GS genes located, respectively, at the Glu-A3 and Glu-B3 loci, indicating tight linkage between these genes. Results of this study contribute to better understanding the genetic linkage and recombination between different LMW-GS genes, the structure of the Glu-3 loci, and the development of more specific molecular markers that better represent the genetic diversity of these loci. In this way, a more precise analysis of the contribution of various LMW-GSs to end-use quality of wheat may be achieved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria I Ibba
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | | | - Craig F Morris
- USDA-ARS Western Wheat Quality Laboratory, Pullman, WA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ibba MI, Kiszonas AM, Guzmán C, Morris CF. Definition of the low molecular weight glutenin subunit gene family members in a set of standard bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties. J Cereal Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2017.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
12
|
Low molecular weight glutenin subunit gene Glu-B3h confers superior dough strength and breadmaking quality in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Sci Rep 2016; 6:27182. [PMID: 27273251 PMCID: PMC4895167 DOI: 10.1038/srep27182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Low molecular weight glutenin subunit is one of the important quality elements in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Although considerable allelic variation has been identified, the functional properties of individual alleles at Glu-3 loci are less studied. In this work, we performed the first comprehensive study on the molecular characteristics and functional properties of the Glu-B3h gene using the wheat cultivar CB037B and its Glu-B3 deletion line CB037C. The results showed that the Glu-B3h deletion had no significant effects on plant morphological or yield traits, but resulted in a clear reduction in protein body number and size and main quality parameters, including inferior mixing property, dough strength, loaf volume, and score. Molecular characterization showed that the Glu-B3h gene consists of 1179 bp, and its encoded B-subunit has a longer repetitive domain and an increased number of α-helices, as well as higher expression, which could contribute to superior flour quality. The SNP-based allele-specific PCR markers designed for the Glu-B3h gene were developed and validated with bread wheat holding various alleles at Glu-B3 locus, which could effectively distinguish the Glu-B3h gene from others at the Glu-B3 locus, and have potential applications for wheat quality improvement through marker-assisted selection.
Collapse
|
13
|
Wang A, Liu L, Peng Y, Islam S, Applebee M, Appels R, Yan Y, Ma W. Identification of Low Molecular Weight Glutenin Alleles by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-Of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) in Common Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). PLoS One 2015; 10:e0138981. [PMID: 26407296 PMCID: PMC4583301 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0138981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Low molecular weight glutenin subunits (LMW-GS) play an important role in determining dough properties and breadmaking quality. However, resolution of the currently used methodologies for analyzing LMW-GS is rather low which prevents an efficient use of genetic variations associated with these alleles in wheat breeding. The aim of the current study is to evaluate and develop a rapid, simple, and accurate method to differentiate LMW-GS alleles using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. A set of standard single LMW-GS allele lines as well as a suite of well documented wheat cultivars were collected from France, CIMMYT, and Canada. Method development and optimization were focused on protein extraction procedures and MALDI-TOF instrument settings to generate reproducible diagnostic spectrum peak profiles for each of the known wheat LMW-GS allele. Results revealed a total of 48 unique allele combinations among the studied genotypes. Characteristic MALDI-TOF peak patterns were obtained for 17 common LMW-GS alleles, including 5 (b, a or c, d, e, f), 7 (a, b, c, d or i, f, g, h) and 5 (a, b, c, d, f) patterns or alleles for the Glu-A3, Glu-B3, and Glu-D3 loci, respectively. In addition, some reproducible MALDI-TOF peak patterns were also obtained that did not match with any known alleles. The results demonstrated a high resolution and throughput nature of MALDI-TOF technology in analyzing LMW-GS alleles, which is suitable for application in wheat breeding programs in processing a large number of wheat lines with high accuracy in limited time. It also suggested that the variation of LMW-GS alleles is more abundant than what has been defined by the current nomenclature system that is mainly based on SDS-PAGE system. The MALDI-TOF technology is useful to differentiate these variations. An international joint effort may be needed to assign allele symbols to these newly identified alleles and determine their effects on end-product quality attributes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aili Wang
- State Agriculture Biotechnology Centre, School of Veterinary & Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Australia Export Grains Innovation Centre (AEGIC), Perth, WA, 6150, Australia
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Li Liu
- State Agriculture Biotechnology Centre, School of Veterinary & Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Australia Export Grains Innovation Centre (AEGIC), Perth, WA, 6150, Australia
- National Wheat Improvement Centre, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), No. 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yanchun Peng
- State Agriculture Biotechnology Centre, School of Veterinary & Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Australia Export Grains Innovation Centre (AEGIC), Perth, WA, 6150, Australia
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Shahidul Islam
- State Agriculture Biotechnology Centre, School of Veterinary & Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Australia Export Grains Innovation Centre (AEGIC), Perth, WA, 6150, Australia
| | - Marie Applebee
- South Australian Research & Development Institute, Waite Campus, 2b Hartley Grove, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Rudi Appels
- State Agriculture Biotechnology Centre, School of Veterinary & Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Australia Export Grains Innovation Centre (AEGIC), Perth, WA, 6150, Australia
| | - Yueming Yan
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Wujun Ma
- State Agriculture Biotechnology Centre, School of Veterinary & Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Australia Export Grains Innovation Centre (AEGIC), Perth, WA, 6150, Australia
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhang Y, Luo G, Liu D, Wang D, Yang W, Sun J, Zhang A, Zhan K. Genome-, Transcriptome- and Proteome-Wide Analyses of the Gliadin Gene Families in Triticum urartu. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0131559. [PMID: 26132381 PMCID: PMC4489009 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliadins are the major components of storage proteins in wheat grains, and they play an essential role in the dough extensibility and nutritional quality of flour. Because of the large number of the gliadin family members, the high level of sequence identity, and the lack of abundant genomic data for Triticum species, identifying the full complement of gliadin family genes in hexaploid wheat remains challenging. Triticum urartu is a wild diploid wheat species and considered the A-genome donor of polyploid wheat species. The accession PI428198 (G1812) was chosen to determine the complete composition of the gliadin gene families in the wheat A-genome using the available draft genome. Using a PCR-based cloning strategy for genomic DNA and mRNA as well as a bioinformatics analysis of genomic sequence data, 28 gliadin genes were characterized. Of these genes, 23 were α-gliadin genes, three were γ-gliadin genes and two were ω-gliadin genes. An RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) survey of the dynamic expression patterns of gliadin genes revealed that their synthesis in immature grains began prior to 10 days post-anthesis (DPA), peaked at 15 DPA and gradually decreased at 20 DPA. The accumulation of proteins encoded by 16 of the expressed gliadin genes was further verified and quantified using proteomic methods. The phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that the homologs of these α-gliadin genes were present in tetraploid and hexaploid wheat, which was consistent with T. urartu being the A-genome progenitor species. This study presents a systematic investigation of the gliadin gene families in T. urartu that spans the genome, transcriptome and proteome, and it provides new information to better understand the molecular structure, expression profiles and evolution of the gliadin genes in T. urartu and common wheat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanlin Zhang
- College of Agronomy/The Collaborative Innovation Center of Grain Crops in Henan, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guangbin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dongcheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
| | - Dongzhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenlong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
| | - Jiazhu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
| | - Aimin Zhang
- College of Agronomy/The Collaborative Innovation Center of Grain Crops in Henan, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (KZ); (AZ)
| | - Kehui Zhan
- College of Agronomy/The Collaborative Innovation Center of Grain Crops in Henan, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- * E-mail: (KZ); (AZ)
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Luo G, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Yang W, Li Y, Sun J, Zhan K, Zhang A, Liu D. Composition, variation, expression and evolution of low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit genes in Triticum urartu. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2015; 15:68. [PMID: 25849991 PMCID: PMC4364320 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-014-0322-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wheat (AABBDD, 2n = 6x = 42) is a major dietary component for many populations across the world. Bread-making quality of wheat is mainly determined by glutenin subunits, but it remains challenging to elucidate the composition and variation of low-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (LMW-GS) genes, the major components for glutenin subunits in hexaploid wheat. This problem, however, can be greatly simplified by characterizing the LMW-GS genes in Triticum urartu, the A-genome donor of hexaploid wheat. In the present study, we exploited the high-throughput molecular marker system, gene cloning, proteomic methods and molecular evolutionary genetic analysis to reveal the composition, variation, expression and evolution of LMW-GS genes in a T. urartu population from the Fertile Crescent region. RESULTS Eight LMW-GS genes, including four m-type, one s-type and three i-type, were characterized in the T. urartu population. Six or seven genes, the highest number at the Glu-A3 locus, were detected in each accession. Three i-type genes, each containing more than six allelic variants, were tightly linked because of their co-segregation in every accession. Only 2-3 allelic variants were detected for each m- and s-type gene. The m-type gene, TuA3-385, for which homologs were previously characterized only at Glu-D3 locus in common wheat and Aegilops tauschii, was detected at Glu-A3 locus in T. urartu. TuA3-460 was the first s-type gene identified at Glu-A3 locus. Proteomic analysis showed 1-4 genes, mainly i-type, expressed in individual accessions. About 62% accessions had three active i-type genes, rather than one or two in common wheat. Southeastern Turkey might be the center of origin and diversity for T. urartu due to its abundance of LMW-GS genes/genotypes. Phylogenetic reconstruction demonstrated that the characterized T. urartu might be the direct donor of the Glu-A3 locus in common wheat varieties. CONCLUSIONS Compared with the Glu-A3 locus in common wheat, a large number of highly diverse LMW-GS genes and active genes were characterized in T. urartu, demonstrating that this progenitor might provide valuable genetic resources for LMW-GS genes to improve the quality of common wheat. The phylogenetic analysis provided molecular evidence and confirmed that T. urartu was the A-genome donor of hexaploid wheat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangbin Luo
- />State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 West Beichen Road, Chaoyang District Beijing, 100101 China
- />University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Xiaofei Zhang
- />State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 West Beichen Road, Chaoyang District Beijing, 100101 China
- />Present address: Department of Agronomy & Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, 1991 Buford Circle, St. Paul, MN 55108 USA
| | - Yanlin Zhang
- />College of Agronomy, The Collaborative Innovation Center of Grain Crops in Henan, Henan Agricultural University, 63 Nongye Road, Zhengzhou, 450002 China
| | - Wenlong Yang
- />State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 West Beichen Road, Chaoyang District Beijing, 100101 China
| | - Yiwen Li
- />State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 West Beichen Road, Chaoyang District Beijing, 100101 China
| | - Jiazhu Sun
- />State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 West Beichen Road, Chaoyang District Beijing, 100101 China
| | - Kehui Zhan
- />College of Agronomy, The Collaborative Innovation Center of Grain Crops in Henan, Henan Agricultural University, 63 Nongye Road, Zhengzhou, 450002 China
| | - Aimin Zhang
- />State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 West Beichen Road, Chaoyang District Beijing, 100101 China
- />College of Agronomy, The Collaborative Innovation Center of Grain Crops in Henan, Henan Agricultural University, 63 Nongye Road, Zhengzhou, 450002 China
| | - Dongcheng Liu
- />State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 West Beichen Road, Chaoyang District Beijing, 100101 China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Varzakas T, Kozub N, Xynias IN. Quality determination of wheat: genetic determination, biochemical markers, seed storage proteins - bread and durum wheat germplasm. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2014; 94:2819-2829. [PMID: 24497330 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.6601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Revised: 01/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quality is an important determinant in wheat breeding since its genetic background is less affected by the environment and sufficiently influences the commercial value of a cultivar. Thus, if a certain cultivar possesses some specific allele combination at crucial loci, then it appears quite possible to exhibit valuable qualitative traits in terms of end-product quality. This is also true if either durum or bread wheat germplasm is involved. RESULTS Biochemical investigation of the wheat germplasm gives important information on the allele constitution of a cultivar, with reference to either the quality or its resistance to stressing factors. The last is crucial since it affects the safe use of this cultivar. The Hellenic wheat germplasm possesses valuable allele combination or chromosome constitution (presence of the 1BL.1RS translocation, which is verified by the presence of a certain allele) with reference to quality. Genotypes having the aforementioned translocation exhibit excellent resistance to various stressing factors, but have a serious handicap, i.e. inferior bread-making quality. This negative effect on quality, although influenced by the genotype, can be overcome if some other alleles are present in a cultivar. CONCLUSION The Hellenic cultivar Acheron is a good example since, despite the presence of the translocation, it also has very good bread-making quality and high yielding ability. It must be also mentioned that most of the Hellenic durum germplasm carries the gene locus Gli-B1 component, similar to γ45, which can be considered as an index of good end-product quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Theo Varzakas
- Department of Food Technology, Technological and Educational Institution of Peloponnese, Antikalamos, 25 100, Kalamata, Greece
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
|
18
|
Rasheed A, Xia X, Yan Y, Appels R, Mahmood T, He Z. Wheat seed storage proteins: Advances in molecular genetics, diversity and breeding applications. J Cereal Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2014.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
19
|
Yang Y, Li S, Zhang K, Dong Z, Li Y, An X, Chen J, Chen Q, Jiao Z, Liu X, Qin H, Wang D. Efficient isolation of ion beam-induced mutants for homoeologous loci in common wheat and comparison of the contributions of Glu-1 loci to gluten functionality. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2014; 127:359-72. [PMID: 24212587 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-013-2224-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Accepted: 10/18/2013] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Ion beam mutations can be efficiently isolated and deployed for functional comparison of homoeologous loci in polyploid plants, and Glu - 1 loci differ substantially in their contribution to wheat gluten functionality. To efficiently conduct genetic analysis, it is beneficial to have multiple types of mutants for the genes under investigation. Here, we demonstrate that ion beam-induced deletion mutants can be efficiently isolated for comparing the function of homoeologous loci of common wheat (Triticum aestivum). Through fragment analysis of PCR products from M2 plants, ion beam mutants lacking homoeologous Glu-A1, Glu-B1 or Glu-D1 loci, which encode high molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GSs) and affect gluten functionality and end-use quality of common wheat, could be isolated simultaneously. Three deletion lines missing Glu-A1, Glu-B1 or Glu-D1 were developed from the original mutants, with the Glu-1 genomic regions deleted in these lines estimated using newly developed DNA markers. Apart from lacking the target HMW-GSs, the three lines all showed decreased accumulation of low molecular weight glutenin subunits (LMW-GSs) and increased amounts of gliadins. Based on the test data of five gluten and glutenin macropolymer (GMP) parameters obtained with grain samples harvested from two environments, we conclude that the genetic effects of Glu-1 loci on gluten functionality can be ranked as Glu-D1 > Glu-B1 > Glu-A1. Furthermore, it is suggested that Glu-1 loci contribute to gluten functionality both directly (by promoting the formation of GMP) and indirectly (through keeping the balance among HMW-GSs, LMW-GSs and gliadins). Finally, the efficient isolation of ion beam mutations for functional comparison of homoeologous loci in polyploid plants and the usefulness of Glu-1 deletion lines for further studying the contribution of Glu-1 loci to gluten functionality are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yushuang Yang
- The State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Yang Y, Li S, Zhang K, Dong Z, Li Y, An X, Chen J, Chen Q, Jiao Z, Liu X, Qin H, Wang D. Efficient isolation of ion beam-induced mutants for homoeologous loci in common wheat and comparison of the contributions of Glu-1 loci to gluten functionality. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2014; 127:359-372. [PMID: 24212587 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-013-22244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Accepted: 10/18/2013] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Ion beam mutations can be efficiently isolated and deployed for functional comparison of homoeologous loci in polyploid plants, and Glu - 1 loci differ substantially in their contribution to wheat gluten functionality. To efficiently conduct genetic analysis, it is beneficial to have multiple types of mutants for the genes under investigation. Here, we demonstrate that ion beam-induced deletion mutants can be efficiently isolated for comparing the function of homoeologous loci of common wheat (Triticum aestivum). Through fragment analysis of PCR products from M2 plants, ion beam mutants lacking homoeologous Glu-A1, Glu-B1 or Glu-D1 loci, which encode high molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GSs) and affect gluten functionality and end-use quality of common wheat, could be isolated simultaneously. Three deletion lines missing Glu-A1, Glu-B1 or Glu-D1 were developed from the original mutants, with the Glu-1 genomic regions deleted in these lines estimated using newly developed DNA markers. Apart from lacking the target HMW-GSs, the three lines all showed decreased accumulation of low molecular weight glutenin subunits (LMW-GSs) and increased amounts of gliadins. Based on the test data of five gluten and glutenin macropolymer (GMP) parameters obtained with grain samples harvested from two environments, we conclude that the genetic effects of Glu-1 loci on gluten functionality can be ranked as Glu-D1 > Glu-B1 > Glu-A1. Furthermore, it is suggested that Glu-1 loci contribute to gluten functionality both directly (by promoting the formation of GMP) and indirectly (through keeping the balance among HMW-GSs, LMW-GSs and gliadins). Finally, the efficient isolation of ion beam mutations for functional comparison of homoeologous loci in polyploid plants and the usefulness of Glu-1 deletion lines for further studying the contribution of Glu-1 loci to gluten functionality are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yushuang Yang
- The State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Effect of Glu-B3 allelic variation on sodium dodecyl sulfate sedimentation volume in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). ScientificWorldJournal 2013; 2013:848549. [PMID: 23861659 PMCID: PMC3703908 DOI: 10.1155/2013/848549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) sedimentation volume has long been used to characterize wheat flours and meals with the aim of predicting processing and end-product qualities. In order to survey the influence of low-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (LMW-GSs) at Glu-B3 locus on wheat SDS sedimentation volume, a total of 283 wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties including landraces and improved and introduced cultivars were analyzed using 10 allele-specific PCR markers at the Glu-B3 locus. The highest allele frequency observed in the tested varieties was Glu-B3i with 21.9% in all varieties, 21.1% in landraces, 25.5% in improved cultivars, and 12% in introduced cultivars. Glu-B3 locus represented 8.6% of the variance in wheat SDS sedimentation volume, and Glu-B3b, Glu-B3g, and Glu-B3h significantly heightened the SDS sedimentation volume, but Glu-B3a, Glu-B3c, and Glu-B3j significantly lowered the SDS sedimentation volume. For the bread-making quality, the most desirable alleles Glu-B3b and Glu-B3g become more and more popular and the least desirable alleles Glu-B3a and Glu-B3c got less and less in modern improved cultivars, suggesting that wheat grain quality in China has been significantly improved through breeding effort.
Collapse
|
22
|
Development of functional marker for distinguishing Glu-B3b allele of LMW-GS found in Indian common wheat cultivars. J Cereal Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2012.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
23
|
Zhang X, Liu D, Zhang J, Jiang W, Luo G, Yang W, Sun J, Tong Y, Cui D, Zhang A. Novel insights into the composition, variation, organization, and expression of the low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit gene family in common wheat. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2013; 64:2027-40. [PMID: 23536608 PMCID: PMC3638834 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ert070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Low-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (LMW-GS), encoded by a complex multigene family, play an important role in the processing quality of wheat flour. Although members of this gene family have been identified in several wheat varieties, the allelic variation and composition of LMW-GS genes in common wheat are not well understood. In the present study, using the LMW-GS gene molecular marker system and the full-length gene cloning method, a comprehensive molecular analysis of LMW-GS genes was conducted in a representative population, the micro-core collections (MCC) of Chinese wheat germplasm. Generally, >15 LMW-GS genes were identified from individual MCC accessions, of which 4-6 were located at the Glu-A3 locus, 3-5 at the Glu-B3 locus, and eight at the Glu-D3 locus. LMW-GS genes at the Glu-A3 locus showed the highest allelic diversity, followed by the Glu-B3 genes, while the Glu-D3 genes were extremely conserved among MCC accessions. Expression and sequence analysis showed that 9-13 active LMW-GS genes were present in each accession. Sequence identity analysis showed that all i-type genes present at the Glu-A3 locus formed a single group, the s-type genes located at Glu-B3 and Glu-D3 loci comprised a unique group, while high-diversity m-type genes were classified into four groups and detected in all Glu-3 loci. These results contribute to the functional analysis of LMW-GS genes and facilitate improvement of bread-making quality by wheat molecular breeding programmes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 West Beichen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Dongcheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 West Beichen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jianghua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 West Beichen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
- Department of Agronomy/Key Laboratory of Physiological Ecology and Genetic Improvement of Food Crops in Henan Province, Henan Agricultural University, 63 Nongye Road, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 West Beichen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Guangbin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 West Beichen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Wenlong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 West Beichen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jiazhu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 West Beichen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yiping Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 West Beichen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Dangqun Cui
- Department of Agronomy/Key Laboratory of Physiological Ecology and Genetic Improvement of Food Crops in Henan Province, Henan Agricultural University, 63 Nongye Road, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Aimin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 West Beichen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Jin H, Zhang Y, Li G, Mu P, Fan Z, Xia X, He Z. Effects of allelic variation of HMW-GS and LMW-GS on mixograph properties and Chinese noodle and steamed bread qualities in a set of Aroona near-isogenic wheat lines. J Cereal Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2012.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
25
|
Zhang X, Jin H, Zhang Y, Liu D, Li G, Xia X, He Z, Zhang A. Composition and functional analysis of low-molecular-weight glutenin alleles with Aroona near-isogenic lines of bread wheat. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2012; 12:243. [PMID: 23259617 PMCID: PMC3562532 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2229-12-243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (LMW-GS) strongly influence the bread-making quality of bread wheat. These proteins are encoded by a multi-gene family located at the Glu-A3, Glu-B3 and Glu-D3 loci on the short arms of homoeologous group 1 chromosomes, and show high allelic variation. To characterize the genetic and protein compositions of LMW-GS alleles, we investigated 16 Aroona near-isogenic lines (NILs) using SDS-PAGE, 2D-PAGE and the LMW-GS gene marker system. Moreover, the composition of glutenin macro-polymers, dough properties and pan bread quality parameters were determined for functional analysis of LMW-GS alleles in the NILs. RESULTS Using the LMW-GS gene marker system, 14-20 LMW-GS genes were identified in individual NILs. At the Glu-A3 locus, two m-type and 2-4 i-type genes were identified and their allelic variants showed high polymorphisms in length and nucleotide sequences. The Glu-A3d allele possessed three active genes, the highest number among Glu-A3 alleles. At the Glu-B3 locus, 2-3 m-type and 1-3 s-type genes were identified from individual NILs. Based on the different compositions of s-type genes, Glu-B3 alleles were divided into two groups, one containing Glu-B3a, B3b, B3f and B3g, and the other comprising Glu-B3c, B3d, B3h and B3i. Eight conserved genes were identified among Glu-D3 alleles, except for Glu-D3f. The protein products of the unique active genes in each NIL were detected using protein electrophoresis. Among Glu-3 alleles, the Glu-A3e genotype without i-type LMW-GS performed worst in almost all quality properties. Glu-B3b, B3g and B3i showed better quality parameters than the other Glu-B3 alleles, whereas the Glu-B3c allele containing s-type genes with low expression levels had an inferior effect on bread-making quality. Due to the conserved genes at Glu-D3 locus, Glu-D3 alleles showed no significant differences in effects on all quality parameters. CONCLUSIONS This work provided new insights into the composition and function of 18 LMW-GS alleles in bread wheat. The variation of i-type genes mainly contributed to the high diversity of Glu-A3 alleles, and the differences among Glu-B3 alleles were mainly derived from the high polymorphism of s-type genes. Among LMW-GS alleles, Glu-A3e and Glu-B3c represented inferior alleles for bread-making quality, whereas Glu-A3d, Glu-B3b, Glu-B3g and Glu-B3i were correlated with superior bread-making quality. Glu-D3 alleles played minor roles in determining quality variation in bread wheat. Thus, LMW-GS alleles not only affect dough extensibility but greatly contribute to the dough resistance, glutenin macro-polymers and bread quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Zhang
- Institute of Crop Science, National Wheat Improvement Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 West Beichen Road, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Hui Jin
- Institute of Crop Science, National Wheat Improvement Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Institute of Crop Science, National Wheat Improvement Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Dongcheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 West Beichen Road, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Genying Li
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, Shandong, China
| | - Xianchun Xia
- Institute of Crop Science, National Wheat Improvement Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhonghu He
- Institute of Crop Science, National Wheat Improvement Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) China Office, c/o CAAS, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Aimin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 West Beichen Road, Beijing, 100101, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Rosenkranz D. easyPAC: A Tool for Fast Prediction, Testing and Reference Mapping of Degenerate PCR Primers from Alignments or Consensus Sequences. Evol Bioinform Online 2012. [PMCID: PMC3310402 DOI: 10.4137/ebo.s8870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The PCR-amplification of unknown homologous or paralogous genes generally relies on PCR primers predicted from multi sequence alignments. But increasing sequence divergence can induce the need to use degenerate primers which entails the problem of testing the characteristics, unwanted interactions and potential mispriming of degenerate primers. Here I introduce easyPAC, a new software for the prediction of degenerate primers from multi sequence alignments or single consensus sequences. As a major innovation, easyPAC allows to apply all customary primer test procedures to degenerate primer sequences including fast mapping to reference files. Thus, easyPAC simplifies and expedites the designing of specific degenerate primers enormously. Degenerate primers suggested by easyPAC were used in PCR amplification with subsequent de novo sequencing of TDRD1 exon 11 homologs from several representatives of the haplorrhine primate phylogeny. The results demonstrate the efficient performance of the suggested primers and therefore show that easyPAC can advance upcoming comparative genetic studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Rosenkranz
- Institute of Anthropology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Zhang X, Liu D, Jiang W, Guo X, Yang W, Sun J, Ling H, Zhang A. PCR-based isolation and identification of full-length low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit genes in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2011; 123:1293-305. [PMID: 21830110 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-011-1667-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2011] [Accepted: 07/16/2011] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Low-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (LMW-GSs) are encoded by a multi-gene family and are essential for determining the quality of wheat flour products, such as bread and noodles. However, the exact role or contribution of individual LMW-GS genes to wheat quality remains unclear. This is, at least in part, due to the difficulty in characterizing complete sequences of all LMW-GS gene family members in bread wheat. To identify full-length LMW-GS genes, a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based method was established, consisting of newly designed conserved primers and the previously developed LMW-GS gene molecular marker system. Using the PCR-based method, 17 LMW-GS genes were identified and characterized in Xiaoyan 54, of which 12 contained full-length sequences. Sequence alignments showed that 13 LMW-GS genes were identical to those found in Xiaoyan 54 using the genomic DNA library screening, and the other four full-length LMW-GS genes were first isolated from Xiaoyan 54. In Chinese Spring, 16 unique LMW-GS genes were isolated, and 13 of them contained full-length coding sequences. Additionally, 16 and 17 LMW-GS genes in Dongnong 101 and Lvhan 328 (chosen from the micro-core collections of Chinese germplasm), respectively, were also identified. Sequence alignments revealed that at least 15 LMW-GS genes were common in the four wheat varieties, and allelic variants of each gene shared high sequence identities (>95%) but exhibited length polymorphism in repetitive regions. This study provides a PCR-based method for efficiently identifying LMW-GS genes in bread wheat, which will improve the characterization of complex members of the LMW-GS gene family and facilitate the understanding of their contributions to wheat quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 West Beichen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|