1
|
Taheriazam A, Entezari M, Firouz ZM, Hajimazdarany S, Hossein Heydargoy M, Amin Moghadassi AH, Moghadaci A, Sadrani A, Motahhary M, Harif Nashtifani A, Zabolian A, Tabari T, Hashemi M, Raesi R, Jiang M, Zhang X, Salimimoghadam S, Ertas YN, Sun D. Eco-friendly chitosan-based nanostructures in diabetes mellitus therapy: Promising bioplatforms with versatile therapeutic perspectives. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 228:115912. [PMID: 37068723 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Nature-derived polymers, or biopolymers, are among the most employed materials for the development of nanocarriers. Chitosan (CS) is derived from the acetylation of chitin, and this biopolymer displays features such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, low toxicity, and ease of modification. CS-based nano-scale delivery systems have been demonstrated to be promising carriers for drug and gene delivery, and they can provide site-specific delivery of cargo. Owing to the high biocompatibility of CS-based nanocarriers, they can be used in the future in clinical trials. On the other hand, diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease that can develop due to a lack of insulin secretion or insulin sensitivity. Recently, CS-based nanocarriers have been extensively applied for DM therapy. Oral delivery of insulin is the most common use of CS nanoparticles in DM therapy, and they improve the pharmacological bioavailability of insulin. Moreover, CS-based nanostructures with mucoadhesive features can improve oral bioavailability of insulin. CS-based hydrogels have been developed for the sustained release of drugs and the treatment of DM complications such as wound healing. Furthermore, CS-based nanoparticles can mediate delivery of phytochemicals and other therapeutic agents in DM therapy, and they are promising compounds for the treatment of DM complications, including nephropathy, neuropathy, and cardiovascular diseases, among others. The surface modification of nanostructures with CS can improve their properties in terms of drug delivery and release, biocompatibility, and others, causing high attention to these nanocarriers in DM therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Afshin Taheriazam
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maliheh Entezari
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Mohammadi Firouz
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shima Hajimazdarany
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Amir Hossein Amin Moghadassi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Amin Sadrani
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Amirhossein Zabolian
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Teimour Tabari
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Rasoul Raesi
- Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Mengyuan Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, China
| | - Xuebin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, China
| | - Shokooh Salimimoghadam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Yavuz Nuri Ertas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey; ERNAM-Nanotechnology Research and Application Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Dongdong Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bozkurt E, Atay E, Bilir A, Ertekin A, Buğra Koca H, Cem Sabaner M. A novel model of early type 1 diabetes mellitus: The chick embryo air sack model. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:5538-5546. [PMID: 34588863 PMCID: PMC8459128 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.08.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia. Chronic hyperglycemia is associated with long-term dysfunction such as retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy and cardiovascular diseases. These complications increase rates of death and disability worldwide. Due to the negative effects of DM on the quality of life, the mechanism and treatments of the disease should be investigated in more detail. Most of the research in diabetes is performed in experimental animals. Experimental animal models contributed to the advancement of clinical research, the development of new therapeutic approaches, the discovery of insulin and the purification of insulin. There are many animal models of DM in the literature. But there are a few DM model studies created with chick embryos. In these studies, it was seen that there were differences in STZ doses and STZ administration techniques. The objective of this study was to create a more acceptable and easier DM model. 180 specific pathogen free (SPF) fertilized chicken eggs (White Leghorn chicken) were used in this study. STZ was administered to 160 SPF eggs for an induced DM model. The remaining 20 SPF eggs were separated as a control group. We used two different DM models (Air sack model (ASM) and Chorioallantoic membrane model (CAMM)) and blood sampling technique in our study. 160 SPF eggs were divided into two groups with 80 eggs in each group, according to the model in which STZ was administered. When the relationship between blood glucose and blood insulin levels were examined, it was determined that there was a significantly strong negative correlation in the control group and ASM 1 group; and a significantly very strong negative correlation was found in the ASM 2 group and ASM 3 group. Our data indicate that the optimal STZ dose to create a DM model was 0.45 mg/egg and the best DM model was ASM. The second technique to be the best blood sampling technique for determining blood glucose levels. We believe that ASM can be used in DM studies and anti-DM drug studies in terms of its easebly, applicability, reproducibility and low cost.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erhan Bozkurt
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Emre Atay
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Abdülkadir Bilir
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Ertekin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Halit Buğra Koca
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Czernichow P, Reynaud K, Ravassard P. Production and Characterization of a Conditionally Immortalized Dog Beta-Cell Line from Fetal Canine Pancreas. Cell Transplant 2021; 29:963689720971204. [PMID: 33150791 PMCID: PMC7784601 DOI: 10.1177/0963689720971204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the 1970s, rodent and human insulin-secreting pancreatic beta-cell lines have been developed and found useful for studying beta-cell biology. Surprisingly, although the dog has been widely used as a translational model for diabetes, no canine insulin-secreting beta cells have ever been produced. Here, a targeted oncogenesis protocol previously described by some of us for generating human beta cells was adapted to produce canine beta cells. Canine fetal pancreata were obtained by cesarean section between 42 and 55 days of gestation, and fragments of fetal glands were transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing SV40LT under the control of the insulin promoter. Two Lox P sites flanking the sequence allowed subsequent transgene excision by Cre recombinase expression. When grafted into SCID mice, these transduced pancreata formed insulinomas. ACT-164 is the cell line described in this report. Insulin mRNA expression and protein content were lower than reported with adult cells, but the ACT-164 cells were functional, and their insulin production in vitro increased under glucose stimulation. Transgene excision upon Cre expression arrested proliferation and enhanced insulin expression and production. When grafted in SCID mice, intact and excised cells reversed chemically induced diabetes. We have thus produced an excisable canine beta-cell line. These cells may play an important role in the study of several aspects of the cell transplantation procedure including the encapsulation process, which is difficult to investigate in rodents. Although much more work is needed to improve the excision procedure and achieve 100% removal of large T antigen expression, we have shown that functional cells can be obtained and might in the future be used for replacement therapy in diabetic dogs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Czernichow
- Animal Cell Therapy, Sorbonne Universités, Campus des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - K Reynaud
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maisons-Alfort, France.,PRC, UMR INRA0085, CNRS 7247, Centre INRA Val de Loire, Nouzilly, France
| | - P Ravassard
- Paris Brain Institute (ICM) Sorbonne Universités, Inserm, CNRS - Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Boulevard de l'Hôpital, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Brito-Casillas Y, Melián C, Holder A, Wiebe JC, Navarro A, Quesada-Canales Ó, Expósito-Montesdeoca AB, Catchpole B, Wägner AM. Studying the heterogeneous pathogenesis of canine diabetes: Observational characterization of an island population. Vet Med Sci 2021; 7:1071-1081. [PMID: 33621402 PMCID: PMC8294365 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Canine diabetes mellitus has mostly been studied in northern European, Australian and American populations, whereas other regions have received less attention. OBJECTIVES We evaluated the epidemiological, clinical and histopathological features of diabetic dogs in Gran Canaria, Spain. METHODS Prevalence and incidence were estimated. Clinical features were analysed, and serum and genomic DNA were obtained. Dogs with presumed idiopathic or immune-mediated diabetes, were DLA-typed and antibodies against GAD65 and IA-2 were assessed. Pancreases from ten diabetic dogs were examined and compared with pancreases from non-diabetic dogs. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Twenty-nine diabetic dogs were identified in a population of 5,213 (prevalence: 0.56%; incidence: 0.37%). Most were female (79%) and sexually intact (87% of females, 83% of males). Diabetes secondary to dioestrus (55.2%) and insulin-deficient diabetes (20.7%) were the most frequent types. Antibodies against GAD65 and IA-2 were identified in two out of five cases and DLA-genotyping revealed novel haplotypes. Breed distribution differed between diabetic and non-diabetic dogs. Reduced number of pancreatic islets and β-cell mass were observed, with vacuolation of islet cells and ductal epithelium. In this population, where neutering is not standard practice, diabetes secondary to dioestrus is the most frequent diabetes subtype. Genetic susceptibility also differed from previous studies. These results support the heterogeneous pathogenesis of canine diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yeray Brito-Casillas
- Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.,Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno Infantil de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Carlos Melián
- Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.,Departamento de Patología Animal, Producción Animal, Bromatología y Tecnología de los Alimentos, ULPGC, Arucas, Spain
| | - Angela Holder
- Department of Pathology & Pathogen Biology, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, London, UK
| | - Julia C Wiebe
- Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.,Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno Infantil de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Ana Navarro
- Grupo de Investigación en Acuicultura (GIA), ULPGC, Arucas, Spain
| | - Óscar Quesada-Canales
- Unidad de Histología y Patología Veterinaria, Instituto Universitario de Sanidad Animal (IUSA), ULPGC, Arucas, Canarias, Spain
| | - Ana B Expósito-Montesdeoca
- Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.,Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno Infantil de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Brian Catchpole
- Department of Pathology & Pathogen Biology, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, London, UK
| | - Ana M Wägner
- Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.,Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno Infantil de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Fibroblast growth factor 21: a novel long-acting hypoglycemic drug for canine diabetes. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2020; 394:1031-1043. [PMID: 33219471 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-020-02023-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Currently, insulin is commonly used in the clinical management of canine diabetes. However, it must be injected preprandially causing much inconvenience to the owners. Therefore, the development of long-acting hypoglycemic agents has attracted much attention in the scientific community. This study aimed to investigate the long-acting hypoglycemic effect of canine fibroblast growth factor 21 (cFGF-21) in diabetic dogs. Diabetic dogs were administered with cFGF-21, polyethylene glycol-modified cFGF-21 (PEG-cFGF-21), or insulin once a day, once every 2, 3, or 4 days subcutaneously. The results showed that cFGF-21 and PEG-cFGF-21 maintained blood glucose comparable to normal levels for 2 and 3 days respectively while insulin maintained the blood glucose for only 2 h after a single injection. After treatment with cFGF-21, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was significantly improved with glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) close to the normal levels. In addition, cFGF-21 significantly repaired islet β cells, increased insulin content, and protected the pancreas from streptozotocin-induced injury. Furthermore, cFGF-21 exhibited both antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in the pancreas. We conclude, therefore, that cFGF-21 and PEG-cFGF-21 can maintain blood glucose comparable to normal levels for 2 and 3 days respectively after a single dose. The long-acting efficacy of cFGF-21 can be attributed to improvement in oxidative stress and the reduction of inflammation in the pancreas.
Collapse
|
6
|
Czernichow P, Reynaud K, Kerr-Conte J, Furthner E, Ravassard P. Production, Characterization, and Function of Pseudoislets from Perinatal Canine Pancreas. Cell Transplant 2019; 28:1641-1651. [PMID: 31450972 PMCID: PMC6923560 DOI: 10.1177/0963689719869004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the cell composition and function of canine pancreatic pseudoislets (PIs)
produced from 42- to 55-day-old fetuses, 1- to 21-day-old pups, and an adult dog pancreas.
After mild collagenase treatment, partially digested tissues were cultured for 2–3 weeks.
PI production started on culture day 3, was marked for 6 to 9 days, and then stopped. PI
production was greatest with the neonatal specimens, reaching about 12 million aggregates
per litter (55-day-old fetus) or per pancreas (1-day-old pup). Cell composition at all
stages was similar to that in adult pancreatic islets, with predominant β cells, scant α
cells and, most importantly, presence of δ cells. Among pancreatic markers assessed by
quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) mRNA assay, insulin showed the highest expression
levels in PIs from newborn and adult pancreas, although these were more than 1000 times
lower than in adult islets. Pdx1 mRNA expression was high in PIs from 55-day-old
pancreases and was lower at later stages. Consistent with the qRT-PCR results, the insulin
content was far lower than reported in adult dog pancreatic islets. However, insulin
release by PIs from 1-day-old pups was demonstrated and was stimulated by a high-glucose
medium. PIs were transplanted into euglycemic and diabetic SCID mice. In euglycemic
animals, the transplant cell composition underwent maturation and transplants were still
viable after 6 months. In diabetic mice, the PI transplants produced insulin and partially
controlled the hyperglycemia. These data indicate that PIs can be produced ex vivo from
canine fetal or postnatal pancreases. Although functional PIs can be obtained, the
production yield is most likely insufficient to meet the requirements for diabetic dog
transplantation without further innovation in cell culture amplification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Czernichow
- Animal Cell Therapy, University Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - K Reynaud
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maisons-Alfort, France.,PRC, UMR INRA0085, CNRS 7247, Centre INRA Val de Loire, Nouzilly, France
| | - J Kerr-Conte
- University Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1190 Translational Research for Diabetes, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, EGID, Lille, France
| | - E Furthner
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - P Ravassard
- Institut du cerveau et de la moelle (ICM), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Inserm, CNRS, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Study of the pathogenesis and treatment of diabetes mellitus through animal models. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 63:345-53. [PMID: 27246633 DOI: 10.1016/j.endonu.2016.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2016] [Revised: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Most research in diabetes mellitus (DM) has been conducted in animals, and their replacement is currently a chimera. As compared to when they started to be used by modern science in the 17th century, a very high number of animal models of diabetes is now available, and they provide new insights into almost every aspect of diabetes. Approaches combining human, in vitro, and animal studies are probably the best strategy to improve our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of diabetes, and the choice of the best model to achieve such objective is crucial. Traditionally classified based on pathogenesis as spontaneous or induced models, each has its own advantages and disadvantages. The most common animal models of diabetes are described, and in addition to non-obese diabetic mice, biobreeding diabetes-prone (BB-DP) rats, streptozotocin-induced models, or high-fat diet-induced diabetic C57Bl/6J mice, new valuable models, such as dogs and cats with spontaneous diabetes, are described.
Collapse
|
8
|
Jouvion G, Abadie J, Bach JM, Roux F, Miclard J, Deschamps JY, Guigand L, Saï P, Wyers M. Lymphocytic insulitis in a juvenile dog with diabetes mellitus. Endocr Pathol 2006; 17:283-90. [PMID: 17308365 DOI: 10.1385/ep:17:3:283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/1999] [Revised: 11/30/1999] [Accepted: 11/30/1999] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Autoimmune diabetes has never been described in a juvenile dog, whereas serological evidence has established its development in adult dogs. Diabetes mellitus was diagnosed in a 3-mo-old Donge de Bordeaux dog suffering from persistent hyperglycemia and concurrent insulinopenia. Histological analysis of the pancreas revealed inflammatory lesions in 40% of the islets of Langerhans, with infiltration predominantly by T lymphocytes (more than 90%), either at the edge (peri-insulitis: 10%) or in the islets (insulitis: 30%). The remaining 60% of the islets showed a marked atrophy due to massive beta cell loss with no loss of alpha cells. This pattern is quite similar to that observed in humans in which a characteristic insulitis containing high numbers of T lymphocytes is found in 20% of the islets at diabetes diagnosis. By contrast, in rodent models, nearly 70% of the islets of Langerhans show inflammation at diagnosis and macrophages and dendritic cells predominate in the inflammatory lesions. This is the first report of lymphocytic insulitis in a juvenile dog exhibiting diabetes mellitus. Our observations suggest an autoimmune origin for the disease in this dog that is similar to human type 1 diabetes mellitus, for which there is no accurate spontaneous large animal model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Jouvion
- UMR 703 INRA-ENVN, Department of Pathology, National Veterinary School of Nantes, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|