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Hannibal L, Theimer J, Wingert V, Klotz K, Bierschenk I, Nitschke R, Spiekerkoetter U, Grünert SC. Metabolic Profiling in Human Fibroblasts Enables Subtype Clustering in Glycogen Storage Disease. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:579981. [PMID: 33329388 PMCID: PMC7719825 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.579981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycogen storage disease subtypes I and III (GSD I and GSD III) are monogenic inherited disorders of metabolism that disrupt glycogen metabolism. Unavailability of glucose in GSD I and induction of gluconeogenesis in GSD III modify energy sources and possibly, mitochondrial function. Abnormal mitochondrial structure and function were described in mice with GSD Ia, yet significantly less research is available in human cells and ketotic forms of the disease. We hypothesized that impaired glycogen storage results in distinct metabolic phenotypes in the extra- and intracellular compartments that may contribute to pathogenesis. Herein, we examined mitochondrial organization in live cells by spinning-disk confocal microscopy and profiled extra- and intracellular metabolites by targeted LC-MS/MS in cultured fibroblasts from healthy controls and from patients with GSD Ia, GSD Ib, and GSD III. Results from live imaging revealed that mitochondrial content and network morphology of GSD cells are comparable to that of healthy controls. Likewise, healthy controls and GSD cells exhibited comparable basal oxygen consumption rates. Targeted metabolomics followed by principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical clustering (HC) uncovered metabolically distinct poises of healthy controls and GSD subtypes. Assessment of individual metabolites recapitulated dysfunctional energy production (glycolysis, Krebs cycle, succinate), reduced creatinine export in GSD Ia and GSD III, and reduced antioxidant defense of the cysteine and glutathione systems. Our study serves as proof-of-concept that extra- and intracellular metabolite profiles distinguish glycogen storage disease subtypes from healthy controls. We posit that metabolite profiles provide hints to disease mechanisms as well as to nutritional and pharmacological elements that may optimize current treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Hannibal
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry and Metabolism, Department of General Pediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Luciana Hannibal, ; Sarah C. Grünert,
| | - Jule Theimer
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry and Metabolism, Department of General Pediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Victoria Wingert
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry and Metabolism, Department of General Pediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Klotz
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry and Metabolism, Department of General Pediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Iris Bierschenk
- Life Imaging Center, Center for Integrated Signalling Analysis, Albert-Ludwigs-University, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Roland Nitschke
- Life Imaging Center, Center for Integrated Signalling Analysis, Albert-Ludwigs-University, Freiburg, Germany
- BIOSS Centre for Biological Signaling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ute Spiekerkoetter
- Department of General Pediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sarah C. Grünert
- Department of General Pediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Luciana Hannibal, ; Sarah C. Grünert,
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Glycaemic variability affects ischaemia-induced angiogenesis in diabetic mice. Clin Sci (Lond) 2011; 121:555-64. [PMID: 21729007 DOI: 10.1042/cs20110043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of GV (glycaemic variability) in diabetic vascular complications and to explore the molecular pathways modulated by glycaemic 'swings'. We developed a murine model. A total of 30 diabetic mice received once daily basal insulin administration plus two oral boluses of glucose solution (GV group, named 'V') and 30 diabetic mice received once daily basal insulin plus two oral boluses of saline solution (stable hyperglycaemia group, named 'S') for a period of 30 days. Glycaemia was measured eight times daily to detect GV. Finally, postischaemic vascularization, induced by hindlimb ischaemia 30 days after diabetes onset, was evaluated. We found that GV was significantly different between S and V groups, whereas no significant difference in the mean glycaemic values was detected. Laser Doppler perfusion imaging and histological analyses revealed that the ischaemia-induced angiogenesis was significantly impaired in V mice compared with S group, after ischaemic injury. In addition, immunostaining and Western blot analyses revealed that impaired angiogenic response in V mice occurred in association with reduced VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) production and decreased eNOS (endothelial nitric oxide synthase) and Akt (also called protein kinase B) phosphorylation. In conclusion, we describe a murine model of GV. GV causes an impairment of ischaemia-induced angiogenesis in diabetes, likely to be independent of changes in average blood glucose levels, and this impaired collateral vessel formation is associated with an alteration of the VEGF pathway.
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