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Feng Y, Wu Y, Zhu Y, He Y, Weng W. Progress in single-cell sequencing of retinal vein occlusion or ischemic hypoxic retinopathy. Exp Eye Res 2025:110436. [PMID: 40414336 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2025.110436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2025] [Revised: 04/15/2025] [Accepted: 05/19/2025] [Indexed: 05/27/2025]
Abstract
Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) and ischemic hypoxic retinopathy (IHR) are leading cause of irreversible vision loss worldwide, compelled by complex microvascular dysfunction, neuroinflammation, and tissue hypoxia. Despite advances in imaging and treatment, a comprehensive understanding of cellular and molecular heterogeneity underlying these pathologies remains limited. Recently, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has emerged as a transformative technology, enabling unprecedented resolution of cellular dynamics, transcriptomic landscapes, and intracellular communication within the retina. Single-cell technologies continue to evolve, they are poised to revolutionize our understanding of retinal vascular diseases, ultimately paving the way for precision diagnostics and targeted interventions. This technique has revolutionized our understanding regarding complex biological systems and enables proper analysis of cellular heterogeneity. This review highlights the recent progress for the application SCS to dissect the pathophysiology of RVO and IHR. Moreover, current study summarizes findings on altered gene expression endothelial cells, Muller glia, micro glia and photoreceptors under ischemic and hypoxic stress, shedding light on potential therapeutic targets and biomarkers. Furthermore, this study explores the integration of snRNA-seq, spatial transcriptomics, and multi-omics approaches to enhance the spatial and temporal mapping of retinal responses. Additionally, discuss the current challenges, including sample preservation, retinal cell-type annotation, and cross-species translation, while offering insights into future directions such as personalized medicine and regenerative strategies. This paper aims to provide clinicians and researchers with a comprehensive update on the rapidly expanding frontier of single-cell analysis in retinal ischemic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbing Feng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jiaxing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Jiaxing, 314000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yibo Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jiaxing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Jiaxing, 314000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yixing Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jiaxing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Jiaxing, 314000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanyan He
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jiaxing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Jiaxing, 314000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenqing Weng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jiaxing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Jiaxing, 314000, Zhejiang, China.
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2
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Das UN. Lipoxin A4 (LXA4) as a Potential Drug for Diabetic Retinopathy. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2025; 61:177. [PMID: 40005295 PMCID: PMC11857424 DOI: 10.3390/medicina61020177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2024] [Revised: 12/24/2024] [Accepted: 12/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2025]
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to propose that lipoxin A4 (LXA4), derived from arachidonic acid (AA), a potent anti-inflammatory, cytoprotective, and wound healing agent, may be useful to prevent and manage diabetic retinopathy (DR). LXA4 suppresses inappropriate angiogenesis and the production of pro-inflammatory prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), leukotrienes (LTs), 12-HETE (12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid), derived from AA by the action of 12-lioxygenase (12-LOX)) interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), as well as the expression of NF-κB, inducible NO (nitric oxide) synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-factors that play a role in DR. Thus, the intravitreal injection of LXA4 may form a new approach to the treatment of DR and other similar conditions such as AMD (age-associated macular degeneration) and SARS-CoV-2-associated hyperinflammatory immune response in the retina. The data for this review are derived from our previous work conducted in individuals with DR and from various publications on LXA4, inflammation, and DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Undurti N Das
- UND Life Sciences, 2221 NW 5th St, Battle Ground, WA 98604, USA
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3
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Stark AK, Penn JS. Prostanoid signaling in retinal cells elicits inflammatory responses relevant to early-stage diabetic retinopathy. J Neuroinflammation 2024; 21:329. [PMID: 39716241 PMCID: PMC11667846 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-024-03319-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2024] [Accepted: 12/03/2024] [Indexed: 12/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a critical driver of the early stages of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and offers an opportunity for therapeutic intervention before irreversible damage and vision loss associated with later stages of DR ensue. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have shown mixed efficacy in slowing early DR progression, notably including severe adverse side effects likely due to their nonselective inhibition of all downstream signaling intermediates. In this study, we investigated the role of prostanoids, the downstream signaling lipids whose production is inhibited by NSAIDs, in promoting inflammation relevant to early-stage DR in two human retinal cell types: Müller glia and retinal microvascular endothelial cells. When cultured in multiple conditions modeling distinct aspects of systemic diabetes, Müller glia significantly increased production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), whereas retinal endothelial cells significantly increased production of prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α). Müller glia stimulated with PGE2 or PGF2α increased proinflammatory cytokine levels dose-dependently. These effects were blocked by selective antagonists to the EP2 receptor of PGE2 or the FP receptor of PGF2α, respectively. In contrast, only PGF2α stimulated adhesion molecule expression in retinal endothelial cells and leukocyte adhesion to cultured endothelial monolayers, effects that were fully prevented by FP receptor antagonist treatment. Together these results identify PGE2-EP2 and PGF2α-FP signaling as novel, selective targets for future studies and therapeutic development to mitigate or prevent retinal inflammation characteristic of early-stage DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy K Stark
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - John S Penn
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
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4
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Wu J, Shyy M, Shyy JYJ, Xiao H. Role of inflammasomes in endothelial dysfunction. Br J Pharmacol 2024; 181:4958-4972. [PMID: 38952037 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The vascular endothelium dynamically responds to environmental cues and plays a pivotal role in maintaining vascular homeostasis by regulating vasomotor tone, blood cell trafficking, permeability and immune responses. However, endothelial dysfunction results in various pathological conditions. Inflammasomes are large intracellular multimeric complexes activated by pathogens or cellular damage. Inflammasomes in vascular endothelial cells (ECs) initiate innate immune responses, which have emerged as significant mediators in endothelial dysfunction, contributing to the pathophysiology of an array of diseases. This review summarizes the mechanisms and ramifications of inflammasomes in ECs and related vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, abdominal aortic aneurysm, stroke, and lung and kidney diseases. We also discuss potential drugs targeting EC inflammasomes and their applications in treating vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimin Wu
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing, China
- Research Unit of Medical Science Research Management/Basic and Clinical Research of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Beijing, China
| | - Melody Shyy
- Biological Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, USA
| | - John Y-J Shyy
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Han Xiao
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing, China
- Research Unit of Medical Science Research Management/Basic and Clinical Research of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Beijing, China
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5
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Stark AK, Penn JS. Prostanoid signaling in retinal vascular diseases. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2024; 174:106864. [PMID: 38955261 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2024.106864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
The vasculature of the retina is exposed to systemic and local factors that have the capacity to induce several retinal vascular diseases, each of which may lead to vision loss. Prostaglandin signaling has arisen as a potential therapeutic target for several of these diseases due to the diverse manners in which these lipid mediators may affect retinal blood vessel function. Previous reports and clinical practices have investigated cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibition by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to address retinal diseases with varying degrees of success; however, targeting individual prostanoids or their distinct receptors affords more signaling specificity and poses strong potential for therapeutic development. This review offers a comprehensive view of prostanoid signaling involved in five key retinal vascular diseases: retinopathy of prematurity, diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, retinal occlusive diseases, and uveitis. Mechanistic and clinical studies of these lipid mediators provide an outlook for therapeutic development with the potential to reduce vision loss in each of these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy K Stark
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - John S Penn
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
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Zhou L, Sun H, Chen G, Li C, Liu D, Wang X, Meng T, Jiang Z, Yang S, Yang MM. Indoxyl sulfate induces retinal microvascular injury via COX-2/PGE 2 activation in diabetic retinopathy. J Transl Med 2024; 22:870. [PMID: 39334140 PMCID: PMC11428830 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05654-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic retinopathy (DR), the principal cause of acquired blindness among the working-age population, is the most frequent microvascular complication of diabetes. Although metabolic disorders are hypothesized to play a role in its pathogenesis, the underlying mechanism remains largely elusive. METHODS To elucidate the mechanism, we initially compared metabolite profiles of vitreous fluid between 23 patients with DR and 12 non-diabetic controls using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry, identifying the distinct metabolite indoxyl sulfate (IS). Subsequently, streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic and IS-injected rat models were established to examine the effects of IS on retinal microvasculature. RNA sequencing was conducted to identify potential regulatory mechanisms in IS-treated human retinal endothelial cells (HREC). Finally, target gene knockdown in HREC and treatment of IS-injected rats with inhibitors (targeting IS production or downstream regulators) were employed to elucidate the detailed mechanisms and identify therapeutic targets for DR. RESULTS Metabolomics identified 172 significantly altered metabolites in the vitreous humor of diabetics, including the dysregulated tryptophan metabolite indoxyl sulfate (IS). IS was observed to breach the blood-retinal barrier and accumulate in the intraocular fluid of diabetic rats. Both in vivo and in vitro experiments indicated that elevated levels of IS induced endothelial apoptosis and disrupted cell junctions. RNA sequencing pinpointed prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) synthetase-cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) as a potential target of IS. Validation experiments demonstrated that IS enhanced COX-2 expression, which subsequently increased PGE2 secretion by promoting transcription factor EGR1 binding to COX-2 DNA following entry into cells via organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATP2B1). Furthermore, inhibition of COX-2 in vivo or silencing EGR1/OATP2B1 in HREC mitigated IS-induced microcapillary damage and the activation of COX-2/PGE2. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated that indoxyl sulfate (IS), a uremic toxin originating from the gut microbiota product indole, increased significantly and contributed to retinal microvascular damage in diabetic retinopathy (DR). Mechanistically, IS impaired retinal microvascular integrity by inducing the expression of COX-2 and the production of PGE2. Consequently, targeting the gut microbiota or the PGE2 pathway may offer effective therapeutic strategies for the treatment of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, China
- Post-Doctoral Scientific Research Station of Basic Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Hongyan Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Gongyi Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Cunzi Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Xurui Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Ting Meng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Zhenyou Jiang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China.
- Key Laboratory of Viral Pathogenesis & Infection Prevention and Control (Jinan University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Shu Yang
- Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518020, China.
| | - Ming-Ming Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, China.
- Post-Doctoral Scientific Research Station of Basic Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
- Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518020, China.
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Sun Y, Li F, Liu Y, Qiao D, Yao X, Liu GS, Li D, Xiao C, Wang T, Chi W. Targeting inflammasomes and pyroptosis in retinal diseases-molecular mechanisms and future perspectives. Prog Retin Eye Res 2024; 101:101263. [PMID: 38657834 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2024.101263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Retinal diseases encompass various conditions associated with sight-threatening immune responses and are leading causes of blindness worldwide. These diseases include age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma and uveitis. Emerging evidence underscores the vital role of the innate immune response in retinal diseases, beyond the previously emphasized T-cell-driven processes of the adaptive immune system. In particular, pyroptosis, a newly discovered programmed cell death process involving inflammasome formation, has been implicated in the loss of membrane integrity and the release of inflammatory cytokines. Several disease-relevant animal models have provided evidence that the formation of inflammasomes and the induction of pyroptosis in innate immune cells contribute to inflammation in various retinal diseases. In this review article, we summarize current knowledge about the innate immune system and pyroptosis in retinal diseases. We also provide insights into translational targeting approaches, including novel drugs countering pyroptosis, to improve the diagnosis and treatment of retinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimeng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Fan Li
- Eye Center, Zhongshan City People's Hospital, Zhongshan, 528403, China
| | - Yunfei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Dijie Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Xinyu Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Guei-Sheung Liu
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, VIC, 3002, Australia; Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, East Melbourne, VIC, 3002, Australia
| | - Dequan Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Chuanle Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Guangming District, Shenzhen, 518132, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, 10 Xitoutiao You'anMen Street, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Wei Chi
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
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8
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Gökce SE, Çelik A, Başkan C. The role of blood neutrophil lymphocyte ratio in predicting the initial response to anti-VEGF treatment in neovascular AMD patients. Ir J Med Sci 2024; 193:517-521. [PMID: 37247185 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-023-03379-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has a critical role in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF drugs is the mainstay of neovascular AMD treatment. Blood neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is shown to be a biomarker of inflammation in AMD. We aimed to investigate the role of NLR in predicting favorable short-term anti-VEGF treatment results in neovascular AMD patients. METHODS A total of 112 patients diagnosed with exudative AMD and had taken 3 monthly intravitreal bevacizumab injections were analyzed retrospectively. Medical records were reached to obtain neutrophil and lymphocyte values to calculate NLR. Best-corrected visual acuity and central macular thickness (CMT) measurements were recorded at each visit. T test or Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare continuous variables, and chi-square test was used to compare categorical variables. Receiver operating characteristics curve (ROC) analysis was performed to determine cut-off, sensitivity, and specificity values. P value of ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS The mean age was 68.1 ± 7.2 years, and the mean NLR was 2.11 ± 0.81. The ROC analysis revealed a cut off value of 2.0 for NLR to predict at least 100 μm CMT change (sensitivity 87.1%; specificity 87.8%) and a cut off value of 2.4 for NLR to predict at least 0.1 logMAR visual improvement (sensitivity 77.2%; specificity 64.8%) after 3 monthly IVT bevacizumab injections. CONCLUSION NLR can provide additional prognostic information for the identification of patients with a good initial response to anti-VEGF therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabite Emine Gökce
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dr. Abdurrahman Yurtaslan Oncology Research and Training Hospital, 06550, Yenimahalle, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Ayşenur Çelik
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dr. Abdurrahman Yurtaslan Oncology Research and Training Hospital, 06550, Yenimahalle, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ceyda Başkan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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9
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Agafonova A, Cosentino A, Romano IR, Giurdanella G, D’Angeli F, Giuffrida R, Lo Furno D, Anfuso CD, Mannino G, Lupo G. Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications of Human Pericyte-like Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in an In Vitro Model of Diabetic Retinopathy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1774. [PMID: 38339053 PMCID: PMC10855418 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The blood-retinal barrier (BRB) is strongly compromised in diabetic retinopathy (DR) due to the detachment of pericytes (PCs) from retinal microvessels, resulting in increased permeability and impairment of the BRB. Western blots, immunofluorescence and ELISA were performed on adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) and pericyte-like (P)-ASCs by co-cultured human retinal endothelial cells (HRECs) under hyperglycemic conditions (HG), as a model of DR. Our results demonstrated that: (a) platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) and its activated form were more highly expressed in monocultured P-ASCs than in ASCs, and this expression increased when co-cultured with HRECs under high glucose conditions (HG); (b) the transcription factor Nrf2 was more expressed in the cytoplasmic fraction of ASCs and in the P-ASC nuclear fraction, under normal glucose and, even more, under HG conditions; (c) cytosolic phospholipase A2 activity and prostaglandin E2 release, stimulated by HG, were significantly reduced in P-ASCs co-cultured with HRECs; (d) HO-1 protein content was significantly higher in HG-P-ASCs/HRECs than P-ASCs/HRECs; and (e) VEGF-A levels in media from HG-co-cultures were reduced in P-ASCs/HRECs with respect to ASCs/HRECs. The data obtained highlighted the potential of autologous differentiated ASCs in future clinical applications based on cell therapy to counteract the damage induced by DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Agafonova
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.A.); (A.C.); (I.R.R.); (R.G.); (G.L.)
| | - Alessia Cosentino
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.A.); (A.C.); (I.R.R.); (R.G.); (G.L.)
| | - Ivana Roberta Romano
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.A.); (A.C.); (I.R.R.); (R.G.); (G.L.)
| | | | - Floriana D’Angeli
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele Roma Open University, 00166 Rome, Italy;
| | - Rosario Giuffrida
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.A.); (A.C.); (I.R.R.); (R.G.); (G.L.)
| | - Debora Lo Furno
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.A.); (A.C.); (I.R.R.); (R.G.); (G.L.)
| | - Carmelina Daniela Anfuso
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.A.); (A.C.); (I.R.R.); (R.G.); (G.L.)
| | - Giuliana Mannino
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy;
| | - Gabriella Lupo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.A.); (A.C.); (I.R.R.); (R.G.); (G.L.)
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10
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Duan J, Zhao Q, He Z, Tang S, Duan J, Xing W. Current understanding of macrophages in intracranial aneurysm: relevant etiological manifestations, signaling modulation and therapeutic strategies. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1320098. [PMID: 38259443 PMCID: PMC10800944 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1320098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Macrophages activation and inflammatory response play crucial roles in intracranial aneurysm (IA) formation and progression. The outcome of ruptured IA is considerably poor, and the mechanisms that trigger IA progression and rupture remain to be clarified, thereby developing effective therapy to prevent subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) become difficult. Recently, climbing evidences have been expanding our understanding of the macrophages relevant IA pathogenesis, such as immune cells population, inflammatory activation, intra-/inter-cellular signaling transductions and drug administration responses. Crosstalk between macrophages disorder, inflammation and cellular signaling transduction aggravates the devastating consequences of IA. Illustrating the pros and cons mechanisms of macrophages in IA progression are expected to achieve more efficient treatment interventions. In this review, we summarized the current advanced knowledge of macrophages activation, infiltration, polarization and inflammatory responses in IA occurrence and development, as well as the most relevant NF-κB, signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) and Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR4) regulatory signaling modulation. The understanding of macrophages regulatory mechanisms is important for IA patients' clinical outcomes. Gaining insight into the macrophages regulation potentially contributes to more precise IA interventions and will also greatly facilitate the development of novel medical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Duan
- Department of Cerebrovascular Disease, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, Sichuan, China
| | - Qijie Zhao
- Department of Cerebrovascular Disease, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, Sichuan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zeyuan He
- Department of Cerebrovascular Disease, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, Sichuan, China
| | - Shuang Tang
- Department of Cerebrovascular Disease, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, Sichuan, China
| | - Jia Duan
- Department of Cerebrovascular Disease, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenli Xing
- Department of Cerebrovascular Disease, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, Sichuan, China
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11
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Antar SA, Ashour NA, Sharaky M, Khattab M, Ashour NA, Zaid RT, Roh EJ, Elkamhawy A, Al-Karmalawy AA. Diabetes mellitus: Classification, mediators, and complications; A gate to identify potential targets for the development of new effective treatments. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115734. [PMID: 37857245 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, diabetes mellitus has emerged as a significant global public health concern with a remarkable increase in its prevalence. This review article focuses on the definition of diabetes mellitus and its classification into different types, including type 1 diabetes (idiopathic and fulminant), type 2 diabetes, gestational diabetes, hybrid forms, slowly evolving immune-mediated diabetes, ketosis-prone type 2 diabetes, and other special types. Diagnostic criteria for diabetes mellitus are also discussed. The role of inflammation in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes is explored, along with the mediators and potential anti-inflammatory treatments. Furthermore, the involvement of various organs in diabetes mellitus is highlighted, such as the role of adipose tissue and obesity, gut microbiota, and pancreatic β-cells. The manifestation of pancreatic Langerhans β-cell islet inflammation, oxidative stress, and impaired insulin production and secretion are addressed. Additionally, the impact of diabetes mellitus on liver cirrhosis, acute kidney injury, immune system complications, and other diabetic complications like retinopathy and neuropathy is examined. Therefore, further research is required to enhance diagnosis, prevent chronic complications, and identify potential therapeutic targets for the management of diabetes mellitus and its associated dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar A Antar
- Center for Vascular and Heart Research, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University, New Damietta 34518, Egypt
| | - Nada A Ashour
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Marwa Sharaky
- Cancer Biology Department, Pharmacology Unit, National Cancer Institute (NCI), Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Muhammad Khattab
- Department of Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products, Division of Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Naira A Ashour
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Horus University, New Damietta 34518, Egypt
| | - Roaa T Zaid
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, 6th of October City, Giza 12566, Egypt
| | - Eun Joo Roh
- Chemical and Biological Integrative Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahmed Elkamhawy
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed A Al-Karmalawy
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, 6th of October City, Giza 12566, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University-Egypt, New Damietta 34518, Egypt
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12
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Nițulescu IM, Ciulei G, Cozma A, Procopciuc LM, Orășan OH. From Innate Immunity to Metabolic Disorder: A Review of the NLRP3 Inflammasome in Diabetes Mellitus. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6022. [PMID: 37762961 PMCID: PMC10531881 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12186022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of the NLRP3 inflammasome is pivotal in the pathophysiology and progression of diabetes mellitus (DM), encompassing both type 1 (T1D), or type 2 (T2D). As part of the innate immune system, NLRP3 is also responsible for the chronic inflammation triggered by hyperglycemia. In both conditions, NLRP3 facilitates the release of interleukin-1β and interleukin-18. For T1D, NLRP3 perpetuates the autoimmune cascade, leading to the destruction of pancreatic islet cells. In T2D, its activation is associated with the presence of insulin resistance. NLRP3 activation is also instrumental for the presence of numerous complications associated with DM, microvascular and macrovascular. A considerable number of anti-diabetic drugs have demonstrated the ability to inhibit the NLRP3 inflammasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Maria Nițulescu
- Department 4 of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (I.M.N.); (A.C.); (O.H.O.)
| | - George Ciulei
- Department 4 of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (I.M.N.); (A.C.); (O.H.O.)
| | - Angela Cozma
- Department 4 of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (I.M.N.); (A.C.); (O.H.O.)
| | - Lucia Maria Procopciuc
- Department 2 of Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Olga Hilda Orășan
- Department 4 of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (I.M.N.); (A.C.); (O.H.O.)
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13
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Huang HJ, Lee YH, Sung LC, Chen YJ, Chiu YJ, Chiu HW, Zheng CM. Drug repurposing screens to identify potential drugs for chronic kidney disease by targeting prostaglandin E2 receptor. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2023; 21:3490-3502. [PMID: 37484490 PMCID: PMC10362296 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal inflammation and fibrosis are significantly correlated with the deterioration of kidney function and result in chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, current therapies only delay disease progression and have limited treatment effects. Hence, the development of innovative therapeutic approaches to mitigate the progression of CKD has become an attractive issue. To date, the incidence of CKD is still increasing, and the biomarkers of the pathophysiologic processes of CKD are not clear. Therefore, the identification of novel therapeutic targets associated with the progression of CKD is an attractive issue. It is a critical necessity to discover new therapeutics as nephroprotective strategies to stop CKD progression. In this research, we focus on targeting a prostaglandin E2 receptor (EP2) as a nephroprotective strategy for the development of additional anti-inflammatory or antifibrotic strategies for CKD. The in silico study identified that ritodrine, dofetilide, dobutamine, and citalopram are highly related to EP2 from the results of chemical database virtual screening. Furthermore, we found that the above four candidate drugs increased the activation of autophagy in human kidney cells, which also reduced the expression level of fibrosis and NLRP3 inflammasome activation. It is hoped that these findings of the four candidates with anti-NLRP3 inflammasome activation and antifibrotic effects will lead to the development of novel therapies for patients with CKD in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Jin Huang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsuan Lee
- Department of Cosmeceutics, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chin Sung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Taipei Heart Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center of Urology and Kidney, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jie Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jhe Chiu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Wen Chiu
- TMU Research Center of Urology and Kidney, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University
| | - Cai-Mei Zheng
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center of Urology and Kidney, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan
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14
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Yang Y, Jiang G, Huang R, Liu Y, Chang X, Fu S. Targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome in diabetic retinopathy: From Pathogenesis to Therapeutic Strategies. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 212:115569. [PMID: 37100255 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common diabetic microvascular complication and the main cause of vision loss in working-aged people. The NLRP3 inflammasome is a cytosolic multimeric complex that plays a significant role in innate immunity. After sensing injury, the NLRP3 inflammasome induces inflammatory mediator secretion and triggers a form of inflammatory cell death known as pyroptosis. Studies over the past five years have shown increased expression of NLRP3 and related inflammatory mediators in vitreous samples from DR patients at different clinical stages. Many NLRP3-targeted inhibitors have shown great antiangiogenic and anti-inflammatory effects in diabetes mellitus models, suggesting that the NLRP3 inflammasome is involved in the progression of DR. This review covers the molecular mechanisms of NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Furthermore, we discuss the implications of the NLRP3 inflammasome in DR, including the induction of pyroptosis and inflammation and the promotion of microangiopathy and retinal neurodegeneration. We also summarize the research progress on targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome in DR therapeutics with the expectation of providing new insights into DR progression and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Yang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, The People's Republic of China, 730000
| | - Gengchen Jiang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, The People's Republic of China, 730000
| | - Runchun Huang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, The People's Republic of China, 730000
| | - Yi Liu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, The People's Republic of China, 730000
| | - Xingyu Chang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, The People's Republic of China, 730000
| | - Songbo Fu
- Department of Endocrinology, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, The People's Republic of China, 730000; Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Endocrine Disease, Gansu, The People's Republic of China, 730000.
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15
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Trimethylamine-N-Oxide Promotes High-Glucose-Induced Dysfunction and NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in Retinal Microvascular Endothelial Cells. J Ophthalmol 2023; 2023:8224752. [PMID: 36895266 PMCID: PMC9991475 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8224752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Along with blood glucose levels, diabetic retinopathy (DR) development also involves endogenous risk factors, such as trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), a product of intestinal flora metabolic disorder, which exacerbates diabetic microvascular complications. However, the effect of TMAO on retinal cells under high-glucose conditions remains unclear. Therefore, this study examined the effects of TMAO on high-glucose-induced retinal dysfunction in the context of NLRP3 inflammasome activation, which is involved in DR. Materials and Methods TMAO was assessed in the serum and aqueous humor of patients using ELISA. Human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRMECs) were treated for 72 h as follows: NG (normal glucose, D-glucose 5.5 mM), NG + TMAO (5 μM), HG (high glucose, D-glucose 30 mM), and HG + TMAO (5 μM). The CCK8 assay was then used to assess cell proliferation; wound healing, cell migration, and tube formation assays were used to verify changes in cell phenotype. ZO-1 expression was determined using immunofluorescence and western blotting. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation was assessed using DCFH-DA. NLRP3 inflammasome complex activation was determined using a western blot. Results The serum and aqueous humor from patients with PDR contained higher levels of TMAO compared to patients with nontype 2 diabetes (Control), non-DR (NDR), and non-PDR (NPDR). TMAO showed significant acceleration of high-glucose-induced cell proliferation, wound healing, cell migration, and tube formation. ZO-1 expression decreased remarkably with the combined action of TMAO and a high glucose compared to either treatment alone. TMAO also promoted high-glucose-activated NLRP3 inflammasome complex. Conclusion The combination of TMAO and high-glucose results in increased levels of ROS and NLRP3 inflammasome complex activation in HRMECs, leading to exacerbated retinal dysfunction and barrier failure. Thus, TMAO can accelerate PDR occurrence and development, thus indicating the need for early fundus monitoring in diabetic patients with intestinal flora disorders.
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16
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Zhan P, Cui Y, Cao Y, Bao X, Wu M, Yang Q, Yang J, Zheng H, Zou J, Xie T, Cai J, Yao Y, Wang X. PGE 2 promotes macrophage recruitment and neovascularization in murine wet-type AMD models. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:155. [PMID: 36229856 PMCID: PMC9558420 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-00973-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a progressive chronic disease of the central retina, is a leading cause of blindness worldwide. Activated macrophages recruited to the injured eyes greatly contribute to the pathogenesis of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in exudative AMD (wet AMD). This study describes the effects of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2)/prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) signalling on the macrophage activation and CNV formation of wet AMD. In a mouse model of laser-induced wet AMD, the mice received an intravitreal injection of celecoxib (a selective COX2 inhibitor). Optical coherence tomography (OCT), fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA), choroidal histology of the CNV lesions, and biochemical markers were assessed. The level of PGE2 expression was high in the laser-induced CNV lesions. Macrophage recruitment and CNV development were significantly less after celecoxib treatment. E-prostanoid1 receptor (EP1R)/protein kinase C (PKC) signalling was involved in M2 macrophage activation and interleukin-10 (IL-10) production of bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) in vitro. In addition, IL-10 was found to induce the proliferation and migration of human choroidal microvascular endothelial cells (HCECs). Thus, the PGE2/EP1R signalling network serves as a potential therapeutic target for CNV of the wet-type AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Zhan
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqing Cui
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujuan Cao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Center of Clinical Research, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Wuxi No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xun Bao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Meili Wu
- Center of Clinical Research, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiahui Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Haohan Zheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zou
- Center of Clinical Research, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianhua Xie
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiping Cai
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Yao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Wuxi No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaolu Wang
- Center of Clinical Research, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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17
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Bianco L, Arrigo A, Aragona E, Antropoli A, Berni A, Saladino A, Battaglia Parodi M, Bandello F. Neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in diabetic retinopathy. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:937999. [PMID: 36051309 PMCID: PMC9424735 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.937999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most common complication of diabetes and has been historically regarded as a microangiopathic disease. Now, the paradigm is shifting toward a more comprehensive view of diabetic retinal disease (DRD) as a tissue-specific neurovascular complication, in which persistently high glycemia causes not only microvascular damage and ischemia but also intraretinal inflammation and neuronal degeneration. Despite the increasing knowledge on the pathogenic pathways involved in DR, currently approved treatments are focused only on its late-stage vasculopathic complications, and a single molecular target, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), has been extensively studied, leading to drug development and approval. In this review, we discuss the state of the art of research on neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in diabetes, with a focus on pathophysiological studies on human subjects, in vivo imaging biomarkers, and clinical trials on novel therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alessandro Arrigo
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
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18
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Protective effect of pentraxin 3 on pathological retinal angiogenesis in an in vitro model of diabetic retinopathy. Arch Biochem Biophys 2022; 725:109283. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2022.109283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Concentrations of PGE2 and TXB2 in the Eyes of Mice with Disseminated Acanthamoebiasis. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11040438. [PMID: 35456113 PMCID: PMC9025194 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11040438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that Acanthamoeba spp. may invade the eyes by migrating along the optic nerve to the eyes from the brain. This study aimed to confirm the presence of inflammation in the eyes of mice with disseminated acanthamoebiasis by examining prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and thromboxane B2 (TXB2) concentrations in the eyes of immunocompetent and immunocompromised mice intranasally inoculated with Acanthamoeba spp. The PGE2 concentration was statistically significantly lower in the immunocompromised amoebae-infected mice on 8 dpi compared with the noninfected group of animals, and it was higher in the eyes of immunosuppressed amoebae-infected mice on 16 dpi than in the control group of animals. There was a statistically significant lower TXB2 concentration in the eyes of immunocompetent infected mice compared with the noninfected group on 8 dpi. However, on 24 dpi, we noted statistically significant higher TXB2 levels in the immunocompetent infected mice than in the control group. In immunocompromised mice, there was a lower TXB2 level on 8 dpi than in control mice. This study confirmed the existence of an inflammatory process in the eyes of immunocompetent and immunocompromised mice infected with Acanthamoeba spp. without damaged corneas.
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Jiao J, Yu H, Yao L, Li L, Yang X, Liu L. Recent Insights into the Role of Gut Microbiota in Diabetic Retinopathy. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:6929-6938. [PMID: 34938095 PMCID: PMC8687677 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s336148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The microbiome has become a hot issue in recent years. The composition, modification, alteration, and disturbance of gut microbiota were found to influence important physiological processes, including energy metabolism and microenvironmental homeostasis, and lead to various diseases, including obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus and one of the leading causes of blindness and vision impairment. The underlying mechanisms in DR pathogenesis remain limited. Recently, important insights have been made regarding possible connections between gut microbiome dysbiosis and ocular disease including DR, uveitis, glaucoma, and age-related macular degeneration, and the concept of a "microbiota-gut-retina axis" has been put forward. Hence, we reviewed current understanding of the relationship between DR and gut microbiota. We summarized potential pathophysiological mechanisms that contribute to the role of the gut microbiota on DR, including hyperglycemia, anti-diabetes drugs, microbial metabolites, and inflammatory properties. We aimed to find novel effective therapeutic options to prevent the onset and development of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghua Jiao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Central Hospital, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110024, People's Republic of China
| | - Honghua Yu
- Guangdong Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Litong Yao
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihua Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261031, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohong Yang
- Guangdong Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Liu
- Guangdong Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, People's Republic of China
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21
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Giurdanella G, Longo A, Distefano A, Olivieri M, Cristaldi M, Cosentino A, Agafonova A, Caporarello N, Lupo G, Anfuso CD. The Anti-Inflammatory Effect of the β1-Adrenergic Receptor Antagonist Metoprolol on High Glucose Treated Human Microvascular Retinal Endothelial Cells. Cells 2021; 11:cells11010051. [PMID: 35011613 PMCID: PMC8750370 DOI: 10.3390/cells11010051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemia-induced impairment of the blood-retinal barrier represents the main pathological event in diabetic retinopathy that is elicited by a reduced cellular response to an accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increased inflammation. The purpose of the study was to evaluate whether the selective β1-adrenoreceptor (β1-AR) antagonist metoprolol could modulate the inflammatory response to hyperglycemic conditions. For this purpose, human retinal endothelial cells (HREC) were treated with normal (5 mM) or high glucose (25 mM, HG) in the presence of metoprolol (10 μM), epinephrine (1 μM), or both compounds. Metoprolol prevented both the HG-induced reduction of cell viability (MTT assays) and the modulation of the angiogenic potential of HREC (tube formation assays) reducing the TNF-α, IL-1β, and VEGF mRNA levels (qRT-PCR). Moreover, metoprolol prevented the increase in phospho-ERK1/2, phospho-cPLA2, COX2, and protein levels (Western blot) as well as counteracting the translocation of ERK1/2 and cPLA2 (high-content screening). Metoprolol reduced ROS accumulation in HG-stimulated HREC by activating the anti-oxidative cellular response mediated by the Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. In conclusion, metoprolol exerted a dual effect on HG-stimulated HREC, decreasing the activation of the pro-inflammatory ERK1/2/cPLA2/COX2 axis, and counteracting ROS accumulation by activating the Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Giurdanella
- Biochemistry Section, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (G.G.); (A.L.); (A.D.); (A.C.); (A.A.); (C.D.A.)
| | - Anna Longo
- Biochemistry Section, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (G.G.); (A.L.); (A.D.); (A.C.); (A.A.); (C.D.A.)
| | - Alfio Distefano
- Biochemistry Section, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (G.G.); (A.L.); (A.D.); (A.C.); (A.A.); (C.D.A.)
| | - Melania Olivieri
- U.O. Clinical Pathology, Department of Hematology, AUSL Romagna, 47522 Cesena, Italy;
| | | | - Alessia Cosentino
- Biochemistry Section, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (G.G.); (A.L.); (A.D.); (A.C.); (A.A.); (C.D.A.)
| | - Aleksandra Agafonova
- Biochemistry Section, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (G.G.); (A.L.); (A.D.); (A.C.); (A.A.); (C.D.A.)
| | - Nunzia Caporarello
- Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA;
| | - Gabriella Lupo
- Biochemistry Section, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (G.G.); (A.L.); (A.D.); (A.C.); (A.A.); (C.D.A.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Carmelina Daniela Anfuso
- Biochemistry Section, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (G.G.); (A.L.); (A.D.); (A.C.); (A.A.); (C.D.A.)
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22
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Shao J, Cai J, Yao Y, Zhu H. Hyperglycemia-induced increasing of RELB/circ_0008590 in NF-κB pathway is repressed by miR-1243 in human retinal microvascular endothelial cells. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:1624. [PMID: 34926668 PMCID: PMC8640898 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-5562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the abnormal expression of circ_0008590 and its parent gene, reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene related B (RELB) in human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (hRECs) in hyperglycemia and the potential mechanism. METHODS The levels of RELB, circ_0008590, and miR-1243 in hRECs or clinical samples were detected by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to test the interaction between RELB/circ_0008590 and miR-1243. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), Transwell, flow cytometry (FCM), wound healing, and tube formation assays were used for the physiological investigation. The interaction between human RELB and circ_0008590 was studied in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic retinopathy (DR) C57BL/6 mice. RESULTS The levels of circ_0008590 and RELB were increased in hRECs in hyperglycemia; during the progression of DR, the levels of circ_0008590 and RELB messenger RNA (mRNA) in aqueous humor were first decreased and then increased, whereas miR-1243 showed an opposite trend. Both RELB 3'-untranslated region (UTR) and circ_0008590 shared a similar binding site for miR-1243. Further, miR-1243 mimic suppressed the proliferation and migration of hRECs, promoting the apoptosis ratio, which could be rescued by the overexpression of circ_0008590. In STZ-induced DR mice, miR-1243 agomir rescued the effects of the overexpression of human RELB. CONCLUSIONS In hyperglycemia, high expression of RELB/circ_0008590 could be suppressed by miR-1243, and the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway is subsequently affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Shao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jiping Cai
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yong Yao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Hui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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23
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Xie T, Cai J, Yao Y, Sun C, Yang Q, Wu M, Xu Z, Sun X, Wang X. LXA4 protects against blue-light induced retinal degeneration in human A2E-laden RPE cells and Balb-c mice. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:1249. [PMID: 34532386 PMCID: PMC8421929 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-3390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the leading causes of permanent visual impairment in the elderly. Blue light (BL) has been reported to cause retinal damage and contribute to the onset and development of severe AMD. N-retinylidene-N-retinylethanolamine (A2E), a lipofuscin fluorophore, accumulates with ageing in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells. Once exposed to BL, A2E easily oxidizes to A2E-epoxides, causing oxidative-stress injury to the retina. Lipoxin A4 (LXA4), an endogenous anti-antioxidant lipid, plays a key role in multiple organs by binding to the formyl-peptide receptor-like 1 (FPRL1). This study examined the protective effects of LXA4 on oxidative-stress injury induced by BL exposure, and clarified the underlying mechanisms in cultured RPE cells and Balb-c mice. Methods LXA4 diluent was orally administered to mice before retinal degeneration was established. Optical coherence tomography, retinal histology, and RPE cell injury were assessed. Results LXA4 administration significantly ameliorated retinal damage as evidenced by the thicknesses of the retinal layers and the tight junctions of RPE cells in vivo. LXA4 inhibited BL-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, reduced tight junctions, and the death of A2E-laden RPE cells. LXA4 also potently increased the expression of haem oxygenase-1 (HO1) and NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), probably by decreasing the association between nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and Kelch-like ECH (Epichlorohydrin) -associated protein 1 (Keap1), and ameliorating NRF2 nuclear translocation and the antioxidant response element (ARE) deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) binding activity. Conclusions Our results showed that LXA4 ameliorated retinal degeneration, and should be considered in the prevention and treatment of AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhua Xie
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jiping Cai
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yong Yao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Chao Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Meili Wu
- Center of Clinical Research, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zifan Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiaodong Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolu Wang
- Center of Clinical Research, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
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24
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Cheng H, Huang H, Guo Z, Chang Y, Li Z. Role of prostaglandin E2 in tissue repair and regeneration. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:8836-8854. [PMID: 34522214 PMCID: PMC8419039 DOI: 10.7150/thno.63396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue regeneration following injury from disease or medical treatment still represents a challenge in regeneration medicine. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), which involves diverse physiological processes via E-type prostanoid (EP) receptor family, favors the regeneration of various organ systems following injury for its capabilities such as activation of endogenous stem cells, immune regulation, and angiogenesis. Understanding how PGE2 modulates tissue regeneration and then exploring how to elevate the regenerative efficiency of PGE2 will provide key insights into the tissue repair and regeneration processes by PGE2. In this review, we summarized the application of PGE2 to guide the regeneration of different tissues, including skin, heart, liver, kidney, intestine, bone, skeletal muscle, and hematopoietic stem cell regeneration. Moreover, we introduced PGE2-based therapeutic strategies to accelerate the recovery of impaired tissue or organs, including 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH) inhibitors boosting endogenous PGE2 levels and biomaterial scaffolds to control PGE2 release.
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25
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Demir S, Nawroth PP, Herzig S, Ekim Üstünel B. Emerging Targets in Type 2 Diabetes and Diabetic Complications. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2100275. [PMID: 34319011 PMCID: PMC8456215 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202100275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes is a metabolic, chronic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and elevated blood glucose levels. Although a large drug portfolio exists to keep the blood glucose levels under control, these medications are not without side effects. More importantly, once diagnosed diabetes is rarely reversible. Dysfunctions in the kidney, retina, cardiovascular system, neurons, and liver represent the common complications of diabetes, which again lack effective therapies that can reverse organ injury. Overall, the molecular mechanisms of how type 2 diabetes develops and leads to irreparable organ damage remain elusive. This review particularly focuses on novel targets that may play role in pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Further research on these targets may eventually pave the way to novel therapies for the treatment-or even the prevention-of type 2 diabetes along with its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevgican Demir
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC)Helmholtz Center MunichIngolstädter Landstr. 1Neuherberg85764Germany
- Joint Heidelberg ‐ IDC Translational Diabetes ProgramInternal Medicine 1Heidelberg University HospitalIm Neuenheimer Feld 410Heidelberg69120Germany
- DZDDeutsches Zentrum für DiabetesforschungIngolstädter Landstraße 1Neuherberg85764Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine 1 and Clinical ChemistryHeidelberg University HospitalIm Neuenheimer Feld 410Heidelberg69120Germany
| | - Peter P. Nawroth
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC)Helmholtz Center MunichIngolstädter Landstr. 1Neuherberg85764Germany
- Joint Heidelberg ‐ IDC Translational Diabetes ProgramInternal Medicine 1Heidelberg University HospitalIm Neuenheimer Feld 410Heidelberg69120Germany
- DZDDeutsches Zentrum für DiabetesforschungIngolstädter Landstraße 1Neuherberg85764Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine 1 and Clinical ChemistryHeidelberg University HospitalIm Neuenheimer Feld 410Heidelberg69120Germany
| | - Stephan Herzig
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC)Helmholtz Center MunichIngolstädter Landstr. 1Neuherberg85764Germany
- Joint Heidelberg ‐ IDC Translational Diabetes ProgramInternal Medicine 1Heidelberg University HospitalIm Neuenheimer Feld 410Heidelberg69120Germany
- DZDDeutsches Zentrum für DiabetesforschungIngolstädter Landstraße 1Neuherberg85764Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine 1 and Clinical ChemistryHeidelberg University HospitalIm Neuenheimer Feld 410Heidelberg69120Germany
| | - Bilgen Ekim Üstünel
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC)Helmholtz Center MunichIngolstädter Landstr. 1Neuherberg85764Germany
- Joint Heidelberg ‐ IDC Translational Diabetes ProgramInternal Medicine 1Heidelberg University HospitalIm Neuenheimer Feld 410Heidelberg69120Germany
- DZDDeutsches Zentrum für DiabetesforschungIngolstädter Landstraße 1Neuherberg85764Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine 1 and Clinical ChemistryHeidelberg University HospitalIm Neuenheimer Feld 410Heidelberg69120Germany
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26
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Obesity-induced changes in human islet G protein-coupled receptor expression: Implications for metabolic regulation. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 228:107928. [PMID: 34174278 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are a large family of cell surface receptors that are the targets for many different classes of pharmacotherapy. The islets of Langerhans are central to appropriate glucose homeostasis through their secretion of insulin, and islet function can be modified by ligands acting at the large number of GPCRs that islets express. The human islet GPCRome is not a static entity, but one that is altered under pathophysiological conditions and, in this review, we have compared expression of GPCR mRNAs in human islets obtained from normal weight range donors, and those with a weight range classified as obese. We have also considered the likely outcomes on islet function that the altered GPCR expression status confers and the possible impact that adipokines, secreted from expanded fat depots, could have at those GPCRs showing altered expression in obesity.
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27
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Wallsh JO, Gallemore RP. Anti-VEGF-Resistant Retinal Diseases: A Review of the Latest Treatment Options. Cells 2021; 10:cells10051049. [PMID: 33946803 PMCID: PMC8145407 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy currently plays a central role in the treatment of numerous retinal diseases, most notably exudative age-related macular degeneration (eAMD), diabetic retinopathy and retinal vein occlusions. While offering significant functional and anatomic benefits in most patients, there exists a subset of 15–40% of eyes that fail to respond or only partially respond. For these cases, various treatment options have been explored with a range of outcomes. These options include steroid injections, laser treatment (both thermal therapy for retinal vascular diseases and photodynamic therapy for eAMD), abbreviated anti-VEGF treatment intervals, switching anti-VEGF agents and topical medications. In this article, we review the effectiveness of these treatment options along with a discussion of the current research into future directions for anti-VEGF-resistant eyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josh O. Wallsh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA;
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28
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Suto K, Fukuda D, Shinohara M, Ganbaatar B, Yagi S, Kusunose K, Yamada H, Soeki T, Hirata KI, Sata M. Pemafibrate, A Novel Selective Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor α Modulator, Reduces Plasma Eicosanoid Levels and Ameliorates Endothelial Dysfunction in Diabetic Mice. J Atheroscler Thromb 2021; 28:1349-1360. [PMID: 33775978 PMCID: PMC8629704 DOI: 10.5551/jat.61101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims:
Various pathological processes related to diabetes cause endothelial dysfunction. Eicosanoids derived from arachidonic acid (AA) have roles in vascular regulation. Fibrates have recently been shown to attenuate vascular complications in diabetics. Here we examined the effects of pemafibrate, a selective peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α modulator, on plasma eicosanoid levels and endothelial function in diabetic mice.
Methods:
Diabetes was induced in 7-week-old male wild-type mice by a single injection of streptozotocin (150 mg/kg). Pemafibrate (0.3 mg/kg/day) was administered orally for 3 weeks. Untreated mice received vehicle. Circulating levels of eicosanoids and free fatty acids were measured using both gas and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent vascular responses to acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside, respectively, were analyzed.
Results:
Pemafibrate reduced both triglyceride and non-high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels (
P
<0.01), without affecting body weight. It also decreased circulating levels of AA (
P
<0.001), thromboxane B
2
(
P
<0.001), prostaglandin E
2
, leukotriene B
4
(
P
<0.05), and 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (
P
<0.001), all of which were elevated by the induction of diabetes. In contrast, the plasma levels of 15-deoxy-Δ
12,14
-prostaglandin J
2
, which declined following diabetes induction, remained unaffected by pemafibrate treatment. In diabetic mice, pemafibrate decreased palmitic acid (PA) and stearic acid concentrations (
P
<0.05). Diabetes induction impaired endothelial function, whereas pemafibrate ameliorated it (
P
<0.001). The results of ex vivo experiments indicated that eicosanoids or PA impaired endothelial function.
Conclusion:
Pemafibrate diminished the levels of vasoconstrictive eicosanoids and free fatty acids accompanied by a reduction of triglyceride. These effects may be associated with the improvement of endothelial function by pemafibrate in diabetic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumiko Suto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Daiju Fukuda
- Department of Cardio-Diabetes Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Masakazu Shinohara
- The Integrated Center for Mass Spectrometry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine.,Division of Epidemiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Byambasuren Ganbaatar
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Shusuke Yagi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Kenya Kusunose
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Hirotsugu Yamada
- Department of Community Medicine for Cardiology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Takeshi Soeki
- Department of Community Medicine and Medical Science, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Ken-Ichi Hirata
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Masataka Sata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
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29
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Li L, Chen J, Zhou Y, Zhang J, Chen L. Artesunate alleviates diabetic retinopathy by activating autophagy via the regulation of AMPK/SIRT1 pathway. Arch Physiol Biochem 2021:1-8. [PMID: 33661722 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2021.1887266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Artesunate (ART), an antimalarial drug, possesses the ability to induce autophagy and exhibits a protective effect on diabetes. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the effects of ART on diabetic retinopathy (DR) and to explore the underlying mechanisms. METHODS Rats with streptozotocin-induced DR were given intravitreal injection of ART. RESULTS ART administration inhibited the increase in retinal thickness and prevented blood-retinal barrier in diabetic rats. Further, vascular leukocyte adherence, microglial activation, inflammatory cytokine, and ROS production in the retinas of diabetic rats were also inhibited by ART. Additionally, ART enhanced autophagy in the retinas of diabetic rats as demonstrated by up-regulated Beclin-1 expression and LC3II/I ratio and down-regulated p62. ART also activated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/sensor class III histone deacetylase sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) pathway. CONCLUSIONS ART, as an autophagy activator, has therapeutic potential in DR treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yun Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jiahua Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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30
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Raman KS, Matsubara JA. Dysregulation of the NLRP3 Inflammasome in Diabetic Retinopathy and Potential Therapeutic Targets. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2020; 30:470-478. [PMID: 33026924 DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2020.1811350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is an insidious neurovascular disorder secondary to chronic glycemic dysregulation in elderly diabetic patients. In the later stages of DR, the disease manifests as fluid infiltrating the macula, culminating in the leading cause of irreversible visual impairment in working age adults. With the current mainstay treatments preoccupied with slowing down the progression of DR, this presents an unsustainable solution from both an economic and quality of life perspective. Although the exact mechanisms by which hyperglycemia leads to retinal tissue insult are unknown, the evidence suggests that chronic low-grade inflammation in diabetic eye is in part driving the constellation of symptoms present in DR. Of the innate immune system within the eye, the NLR Family Pyrin Domain Containing 3 Inflammasome (NLRP3) has been identified in retinal cells as a causal factor in the pathogenesis of DR. Multiple pathways appear to be present in the diabetic eye that instigate prolonged activation of the NLRP3 which subsequently exerts its deleterious effects by upregulating the release of Interleukin-1Beta and Interleukin-18. In this review, we highlight the current understanding of the pathophysiology of DR, the dysregulation of the NLRP3 secondary to hyperglycemic stress in retinal cells, and novel therapeutic targets to alleviate overactivation of the inflammasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karanvir S Raman
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Eye Care Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Joanne A Matsubara
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Eye Care Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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31
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Norel X, Sugimoto Y, Ozen G, Abdelazeem H, Amgoud Y, Bouhadoun A, Bassiouni W, Goepp M, Mani S, Manikpurage HD, Senbel A, Longrois D, Heinemann A, Yao C, Clapp LH. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. CIX. Differences and Similarities between Human and Rodent Prostaglandin E 2 Receptors (EP1-4) and Prostacyclin Receptor (IP): Specific Roles in Pathophysiologic Conditions. Pharmacol Rev 2020; 72:910-968. [PMID: 32962984 PMCID: PMC7509579 DOI: 10.1124/pr.120.019331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostaglandins are derived from arachidonic acid metabolism through cyclooxygenase activities. Among prostaglandins (PGs), prostacyclin (PGI2) and PGE2 are strongly involved in the regulation of homeostasis and main physiologic functions. In addition, the synthesis of these two prostaglandins is significantly increased during inflammation. PGI2 and PGE2 exert their biologic actions by binding to their respective receptors, namely prostacyclin receptor (IP) and prostaglandin E2 receptor (EP) 1-4, which belong to the family of G-protein-coupled receptors. IP and EP1-4 receptors are widely distributed in the body and thus play various physiologic and pathophysiologic roles. In this review, we discuss the recent advances in studies using pharmacological approaches, genetically modified animals, and genome-wide association studies regarding the roles of IP and EP1-4 receptors in the immune, cardiovascular, nervous, gastrointestinal, respiratory, genitourinary, and musculoskeletal systems. In particular, we highlight similarities and differences between human and rodents in terms of the specific roles of IP and EP1-4 receptors and their downstream signaling pathways, functions, and activities for each biologic system. We also highlight the potential novel therapeutic benefit of targeting IP and EP1-4 receptors in several diseases based on the scientific advances, animal models, and human studies. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: In this review, we present an update of the pathophysiologic role of the prostacyclin receptor, prostaglandin E2 receptor (EP) 1, EP2, EP3, and EP4 receptors when activated by the two main prostaglandins, namely prostacyclin and prostaglandin E2, produced during inflammatory conditions in human and rodents. In addition, this comparison of the published results in each tissue and/or pathology should facilitate the choice of the most appropriate model for the future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Norel
- Université de Paris, Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM), UMR-S 1148, CHU X. Bichat, Paris, France (X.N., G.O., H.A., Y.A., A.B., S.M., H.D.M., A.S., D.L.); Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Villetaneuse, France (X.N., H.A., Y.A., A.B., S.M., D.L.); Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan (Y.S.); Istanbul University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Istanbul, Turkey (G.O.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt (A.S., H.A., W.B.); Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (C.Y., M.G.); Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir (ISBM), Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia (S.M.); CHU X. Bichat, AP-HP, Paris, France (D.L.); Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria (A.H.); and Centre for Cardiovascular Physiology & Pharmacology, University College London, London, United Kingdom (L.H.C.)
| | - Yukihiko Sugimoto
- Université de Paris, Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM), UMR-S 1148, CHU X. Bichat, Paris, France (X.N., G.O., H.A., Y.A., A.B., S.M., H.D.M., A.S., D.L.); Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Villetaneuse, France (X.N., H.A., Y.A., A.B., S.M., D.L.); Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan (Y.S.); Istanbul University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Istanbul, Turkey (G.O.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt (A.S., H.A., W.B.); Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (C.Y., M.G.); Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir (ISBM), Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia (S.M.); CHU X. Bichat, AP-HP, Paris, France (D.L.); Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria (A.H.); and Centre for Cardiovascular Physiology & Pharmacology, University College London, London, United Kingdom (L.H.C.)
| | - Gulsev Ozen
- Université de Paris, Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM), UMR-S 1148, CHU X. Bichat, Paris, France (X.N., G.O., H.A., Y.A., A.B., S.M., H.D.M., A.S., D.L.); Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Villetaneuse, France (X.N., H.A., Y.A., A.B., S.M., D.L.); Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan (Y.S.); Istanbul University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Istanbul, Turkey (G.O.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt (A.S., H.A., W.B.); Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (C.Y., M.G.); Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir (ISBM), Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia (S.M.); CHU X. Bichat, AP-HP, Paris, France (D.L.); Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria (A.H.); and Centre for Cardiovascular Physiology & Pharmacology, University College London, London, United Kingdom (L.H.C.)
| | - Heba Abdelazeem
- Université de Paris, Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM), UMR-S 1148, CHU X. Bichat, Paris, France (X.N., G.O., H.A., Y.A., A.B., S.M., H.D.M., A.S., D.L.); Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Villetaneuse, France (X.N., H.A., Y.A., A.B., S.M., D.L.); Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan (Y.S.); Istanbul University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Istanbul, Turkey (G.O.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt (A.S., H.A., W.B.); Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (C.Y., M.G.); Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir (ISBM), Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia (S.M.); CHU X. Bichat, AP-HP, Paris, France (D.L.); Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria (A.H.); and Centre for Cardiovascular Physiology & Pharmacology, University College London, London, United Kingdom (L.H.C.)
| | - Yasmine Amgoud
- Université de Paris, Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM), UMR-S 1148, CHU X. Bichat, Paris, France (X.N., G.O., H.A., Y.A., A.B., S.M., H.D.M., A.S., D.L.); Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Villetaneuse, France (X.N., H.A., Y.A., A.B., S.M., D.L.); Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan (Y.S.); Istanbul University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Istanbul, Turkey (G.O.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt (A.S., H.A., W.B.); Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (C.Y., M.G.); Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir (ISBM), Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia (S.M.); CHU X. Bichat, AP-HP, Paris, France (D.L.); Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria (A.H.); and Centre for Cardiovascular Physiology & Pharmacology, University College London, London, United Kingdom (L.H.C.)
| | - Amel Bouhadoun
- Université de Paris, Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM), UMR-S 1148, CHU X. Bichat, Paris, France (X.N., G.O., H.A., Y.A., A.B., S.M., H.D.M., A.S., D.L.); Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Villetaneuse, France (X.N., H.A., Y.A., A.B., S.M., D.L.); Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan (Y.S.); Istanbul University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Istanbul, Turkey (G.O.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt (A.S., H.A., W.B.); Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (C.Y., M.G.); Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir (ISBM), Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia (S.M.); CHU X. Bichat, AP-HP, Paris, France (D.L.); Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria (A.H.); and Centre for Cardiovascular Physiology & Pharmacology, University College London, London, United Kingdom (L.H.C.)
| | - Wesam Bassiouni
- Université de Paris, Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM), UMR-S 1148, CHU X. Bichat, Paris, France (X.N., G.O., H.A., Y.A., A.B., S.M., H.D.M., A.S., D.L.); Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Villetaneuse, France (X.N., H.A., Y.A., A.B., S.M., D.L.); Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan (Y.S.); Istanbul University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Istanbul, Turkey (G.O.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt (A.S., H.A., W.B.); Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (C.Y., M.G.); Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir (ISBM), Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia (S.M.); CHU X. Bichat, AP-HP, Paris, France (D.L.); Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria (A.H.); and Centre for Cardiovascular Physiology & Pharmacology, University College London, London, United Kingdom (L.H.C.)
| | - Marie Goepp
- Université de Paris, Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM), UMR-S 1148, CHU X. Bichat, Paris, France (X.N., G.O., H.A., Y.A., A.B., S.M., H.D.M., A.S., D.L.); Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Villetaneuse, France (X.N., H.A., Y.A., A.B., S.M., D.L.); Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan (Y.S.); Istanbul University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Istanbul, Turkey (G.O.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt (A.S., H.A., W.B.); Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (C.Y., M.G.); Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir (ISBM), Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia (S.M.); CHU X. Bichat, AP-HP, Paris, France (D.L.); Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria (A.H.); and Centre for Cardiovascular Physiology & Pharmacology, University College London, London, United Kingdom (L.H.C.)
| | - Salma Mani
- Université de Paris, Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM), UMR-S 1148, CHU X. Bichat, Paris, France (X.N., G.O., H.A., Y.A., A.B., S.M., H.D.M., A.S., D.L.); Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Villetaneuse, France (X.N., H.A., Y.A., A.B., S.M., D.L.); Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan (Y.S.); Istanbul University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Istanbul, Turkey (G.O.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt (A.S., H.A., W.B.); Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (C.Y., M.G.); Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir (ISBM), Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia (S.M.); CHU X. Bichat, AP-HP, Paris, France (D.L.); Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria (A.H.); and Centre for Cardiovascular Physiology & Pharmacology, University College London, London, United Kingdom (L.H.C.)
| | - Hasanga D Manikpurage
- Université de Paris, Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM), UMR-S 1148, CHU X. Bichat, Paris, France (X.N., G.O., H.A., Y.A., A.B., S.M., H.D.M., A.S., D.L.); Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Villetaneuse, France (X.N., H.A., Y.A., A.B., S.M., D.L.); Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan (Y.S.); Istanbul University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Istanbul, Turkey (G.O.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt (A.S., H.A., W.B.); Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (C.Y., M.G.); Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir (ISBM), Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia (S.M.); CHU X. Bichat, AP-HP, Paris, France (D.L.); Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria (A.H.); and Centre for Cardiovascular Physiology & Pharmacology, University College London, London, United Kingdom (L.H.C.)
| | - Amira Senbel
- Université de Paris, Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM), UMR-S 1148, CHU X. Bichat, Paris, France (X.N., G.O., H.A., Y.A., A.B., S.M., H.D.M., A.S., D.L.); Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Villetaneuse, France (X.N., H.A., Y.A., A.B., S.M., D.L.); Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan (Y.S.); Istanbul University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Istanbul, Turkey (G.O.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt (A.S., H.A., W.B.); Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (C.Y., M.G.); Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir (ISBM), Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia (S.M.); CHU X. Bichat, AP-HP, Paris, France (D.L.); Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria (A.H.); and Centre for Cardiovascular Physiology & Pharmacology, University College London, London, United Kingdom (L.H.C.)
| | - Dan Longrois
- Université de Paris, Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM), UMR-S 1148, CHU X. Bichat, Paris, France (X.N., G.O., H.A., Y.A., A.B., S.M., H.D.M., A.S., D.L.); Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Villetaneuse, France (X.N., H.A., Y.A., A.B., S.M., D.L.); Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan (Y.S.); Istanbul University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Istanbul, Turkey (G.O.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt (A.S., H.A., W.B.); Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (C.Y., M.G.); Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir (ISBM), Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia (S.M.); CHU X. Bichat, AP-HP, Paris, France (D.L.); Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria (A.H.); and Centre for Cardiovascular Physiology & Pharmacology, University College London, London, United Kingdom (L.H.C.)
| | - Akos Heinemann
- Université de Paris, Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM), UMR-S 1148, CHU X. Bichat, Paris, France (X.N., G.O., H.A., Y.A., A.B., S.M., H.D.M., A.S., D.L.); Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Villetaneuse, France (X.N., H.A., Y.A., A.B., S.M., D.L.); Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan (Y.S.); Istanbul University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Istanbul, Turkey (G.O.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt (A.S., H.A., W.B.); Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (C.Y., M.G.); Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir (ISBM), Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia (S.M.); CHU X. Bichat, AP-HP, Paris, France (D.L.); Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria (A.H.); and Centre for Cardiovascular Physiology & Pharmacology, University College London, London, United Kingdom (L.H.C.)
| | - Chengcan Yao
- Université de Paris, Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM), UMR-S 1148, CHU X. Bichat, Paris, France (X.N., G.O., H.A., Y.A., A.B., S.M., H.D.M., A.S., D.L.); Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Villetaneuse, France (X.N., H.A., Y.A., A.B., S.M., D.L.); Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan (Y.S.); Istanbul University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Istanbul, Turkey (G.O.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt (A.S., H.A., W.B.); Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (C.Y., M.G.); Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir (ISBM), Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia (S.M.); CHU X. Bichat, AP-HP, Paris, France (D.L.); Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria (A.H.); and Centre for Cardiovascular Physiology & Pharmacology, University College London, London, United Kingdom (L.H.C.)
| | - Lucie H Clapp
- Université de Paris, Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM), UMR-S 1148, CHU X. Bichat, Paris, France (X.N., G.O., H.A., Y.A., A.B., S.M., H.D.M., A.S., D.L.); Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Villetaneuse, France (X.N., H.A., Y.A., A.B., S.M., D.L.); Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan (Y.S.); Istanbul University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Istanbul, Turkey (G.O.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt (A.S., H.A., W.B.); Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (C.Y., M.G.); Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir (ISBM), Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia (S.M.); CHU X. Bichat, AP-HP, Paris, France (D.L.); Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria (A.H.); and Centre for Cardiovascular Physiology & Pharmacology, University College London, London, United Kingdom (L.H.C.)
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Du Y, Taylor CG, Aukema HM, Zahradka P. Role of oxylipins generated from dietary PUFAs in the modulation of endothelial cell function. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2020; 160:102160. [PMID: 32717531 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2020.102160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Oxylipins, which are circulating bioactive lipids generated from polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) by cyclooxygenase, lipooxygenase and cytochrome P450 enzymes, have diverse effects on endothelial cells. Although studies of the effects of oxylipins on endothelial cell function are accumulating, a review that provides a comprehensive compilation of current knowledge and recent advances in the context of vascular homeostasis is lacking. This is the first compilation of the various in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo reports to examine the effects and potential mechanisms of action of oxylipins on endothelial cells. The aggregate data indicate docosahexaenoic acid-derived oxylipins consistently show beneficial effects related to key endothelial cell functions, whereas oxylipins derived from other PUFAs exhibit both positive and negative effects. Furthermore, information is lacking for certain oxylipin classes, such as those derived from α-linolenic acid, which suggests additional studies are required to achieve a full understanding of how oxylipins affect endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youjia Du
- Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St Boniface Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Carla G Taylor
- Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St Boniface Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, MB R3E 0J9, Canada; Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Harold M Aukema
- Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St Boniface Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada; Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Peter Zahradka
- Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St Boniface Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, MB R3E 0J9, Canada; Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, MB R3T 2N2, Canada.
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Menini S, Iacobini C, Vitale M, Pugliese G. The Inflammasome in Chronic Complications of Diabetes and Related Metabolic Disorders. Cells 2020; 9:E1812. [PMID: 32751658 PMCID: PMC7464565 DOI: 10.3390/cells9081812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) ranks seventh as a cause of death worldwide. Chronic complications, including cardiovascular, renal, and eye disease, as well as DM-associated non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) account for most of the morbidity and premature mortality in DM. Despite continuous improvements in the management of late complications of DM, significant gaps remain. Therefore, searching for additional strategies to prevent these serious DM-related conditions is of the utmost importance. DM is characterized by a state of low-grade chronic inflammation, which is critical in the progression of complications. Recent clinical trials indicate that targeting the prototypic pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β (IL-1 β) improves the outcomes of cardiovascular disease, which is the first cause of death in DM patients. Together with IL-18, IL-1β is processed and secreted by the inflammasomes, a class of multiprotein complexes that coordinate inflammatory responses. Several DM-related metabolic factors, including reactive oxygen species, glyco/lipoxidation end products, and cholesterol crystals, have been involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease, and diabetic retinopathy, and in the promoting effect of DM on the onset and progression of atherosclerosis and NAFLD. These metabolic factors are also well-established danger signals capable of regulating inflammasome activity. In addition to presenting the current state of knowledge, this review discusses how the mechanistic understanding of inflammasome regulation by metabolic danger signals may hopefully lead to novel therapeutic strategies targeting inflammation for a more effective treatment of diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Giuseppe Pugliese
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, “La Sapienza” University, 00189 Rome, Italy; (S.M.); (C.I.); (M.V.)
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Su X, Sun ZH, Ren Q, Liu JR, Yin L, Liang N, Meng L, Sun RX. The effect of spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitor R406 on diabetic retinopathy in experimental diabetic rats. Int Ophthalmol 2020; 40:2371-2383. [PMID: 32462561 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-020-01422-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the effect of spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) inhibitor R406 on diabetic retinopathy (DR) in diabetic mellitus (DM) rats. METHODS Rats were randomized into Normal, DM, DM + 5 mg/kg R406 and DM + 10 mg/kg R406 groups. DM rats were established via injection of streptozotocin (STZ). One week after model establishment, rats in treatment groups received 5 mg/kg or 10 mg/kg R406 by gavage administration for 12 weeks consecutively, followed by the detection with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, Evans blue angiography, retinal trypsin digestion assay, Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, TUNEL assay, immunofluorescence assay and quantitative reverse transcriptase real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). RESULTS The retina of DM rats presented different degree of edema, disordered and loose structure, swollen cells with enlarged intercellular space, and dilated and congested capillaries. Besides, the retinal vessels of DM rats showed high fluorescence leakage. However, R406 alleviated the above-mentioned conditions, which was much better with high concentration of R406 (10 mg/kg). R406 also reversed the down-regulations of occludin, claudin-5, ZO-1 and the up-regulation of and VEGF in retinal tissues of DM rats; inhibited retinal cell apoptosis; strengthened retinal cell proliferation; and reduced expressions of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and nuclear p65 NF-κB in retinal tissues. The improvement in all these indexes was much more significant in rats of DM + 10 mg/kg R406 group than in rats of DM + 5 mg/kg R406 group. CONCLUSION Syk inhibitor R406 could attenuate retinal inflammation in DR rats via the repression of NF-κB activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Su
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of Shijiazhuang City, No. 12, Pingan North Street, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Zhao-Hui Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of Shijiazhuang City, No. 12, Pingan North Street, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Qian Ren
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of Shijiazhuang City, No. 12, Pingan North Street, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Jun-Ru Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Hospital of Shijiazhuang City, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei Province, China
| | - Li Yin
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of Shijiazhuang City, No. 12, Pingan North Street, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Na Liang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of Shijiazhuang City, No. 12, Pingan North Street, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Ling Meng
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of Shijiazhuang City, No. 12, Pingan North Street, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Rui-Xue Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of Shijiazhuang City, No. 12, Pingan North Street, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, China.
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Zhu L, Wang W, Xie TH, Zou J, Nie X, Wang X, Zhang MY, Wang ZY, Gu S, Zhuang M, Tan J, Shen C, Dai Y, Yang X, Yao Y, Wei TT. TGR5 receptor activation attenuates diabetic retinopathy through suppression of RhoA/ROCK signaling. FASEB J 2020; 34:4189-4203. [PMID: 31957105 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902496rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus. Abnormal energy metabolism in microvascular endothelium is involved in the progression of diabetic retinopathy. Bile Acid G-Protein-Coupled Membrane Receptor (TGR5) has emerged as a novel regulator of metabolic disorders. However, the role of TGR5 in diabetes mellitus-induced microvascular dysfunction in retinas is largely unknown. Herein, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used for analyzing bile acid (BA) profiles in diabetic rat retinas and retinal microvascular endothelial cells (RMECs) cultured in high glucose medium. The effects of TGR5 agonist on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic retinopathy were evaluated by HE staining, TUNEL staining, retinal trypsin digestion, and vascular permeability assay. A pharmacological inhibitor of RhoA was used to study the role of TGR5 on the regulation of Rho/Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase (ROCK) and western blot, immunofluorescence and siRNA silencing were performed to study the related signaling pathways. Here we show that bile acids were downregulated during DR progression in the diabetic rat retinas and RMECs cultured in high glucose medium. The TGR5 agonist obviously ameliorated diabetes-induced retinal microvascular dysfunction in vivo, and inhibited the effect of TNF-α on endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and permeability in vitro. In contrast, knockdown of TGR5 by siRNA aggravated TNF-α-induced actin polymerization and endothelial permeability. Mechanistically, the effects of TGR5 on the improvement of endothelial function was due to its regulatory role on the ROCK signaling pathway. An inhibitor of RhoA significantly reversed the loss of tight junction protein under TNF-α stimulation. Taken together, our findings suggest that insufficient BA signaling plays an important pathogenic role in the development of DR. Upregulation or activation of TGR5 may inhibit RhoA/ROCK-dependent actin remodeling and represent an important therapeutic intervention for DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingpeng Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, P.R. China.,Center of Clinical Research, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, P.R. China.,Wuxi Institute of Translational Medicine, Wuxi, P.R. China
| | - Wenjuan Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, P.R. China.,Center of Clinical Research, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, P.R. China.,Wuxi Institute of Translational Medicine, Wuxi, P.R. China
| | - Tian-Hua Xie
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, P.R. China
| | - Jian Zou
- Center of Clinical Research, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, P.R. China.,Wuxi Institute of Translational Medicine, Wuxi, P.R. China
| | - Xiaowei Nie
- Center of Clinical Research, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, P.R. China.,Wuxi Institute of Translational Medicine, Wuxi, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolu Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, P.R. China.,Center of Clinical Research, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, P.R. China.,Wuxi Institute of Translational Medicine, Wuxi, P.R. China
| | - Meng-Yuan Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, P.R. China
| | - Zhong-Yuan Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, P.R. China
| | - Shun Gu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, P.R. China
| | - Miao Zhuang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, P.R. China
| | - Jianxin Tan
- Center of Clinical Research, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, P.R. China.,Wuxi Institute of Translational Medicine, Wuxi, P.R. China
| | - Chenyou Shen
- Center of Clinical Research, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, P.R. China.,Wuxi Institute of Translational Medicine, Wuxi, P.R. China
| | - Youai Dai
- Center of Clinical Research, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, P.R. China.,Wuxi Institute of Translational Medicine, Wuxi, P.R. China
| | - Xusheng Yang
- Center of Clinical Research, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, P.R. China.,Wuxi Institute of Translational Medicine, Wuxi, P.R. China
| | - Yong Yao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, P.R. China
| | - Ting-Ting Wei
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, P.R. China.,Center of Clinical Research, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, P.R. China.,Wuxi Institute of Translational Medicine, Wuxi, P.R. China
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36
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Wang G, Liang R, Liu T, Wang L, Zou J, Liu N, Liu Y, Cai X, Liu Y, Ding X, Zhang B, Wang Z, Wang S, Shen Z. Opposing effects of IL-1β/COX-2/PGE2 pathway loop on islets in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Endocr J 2019; 66:691-699. [PMID: 31105125 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej19-0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The cyclooxygenase2 (COX-2) enzyme catalyzes the first step of prostanoid biosynthesis, and is known for its crucial role in the pathogenesis of several inflammatory diseases including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Although a variety of studies revealed that COX-2 played a role in the IL-1β induced β cell dysfunction, the molecular mechanism remains unclear. Here, using a cDNA microarray and in silico analysis, we demonstrated that inflammatory responses were upregulated in human T2DM islets compared with non-diabetic (ND) islets. COX-2 expression was significantly enhanced in human T2DM islets, correlated with the high inflammation level. PGE2, the catalytic product of COX-2, downregulated the functional gene expression of PDX1, NKX6.1, and MAFA and blunted the glucose induced insulin secretion of human islets. Conversely, inhibition of COX-2 activity by a pharmaceutical inhibitor prevented the β-cell dysfunction induced by IL-1β. COX-2 inhibitor also abrogated the IL-1β autostimulation in β cells, which further resulted in reduced COX-2 expression in β cells. Together, our results revealed that COX-2/PGE2 signaling was involved in the regulation of IL-1β autostimulation, thus forming an IL-1β/COX-2/PGE2 pathway loop, which may result in the high inflammation level in human T2DM islets and the inflammatory impairment of β cells. Breaking this IL-1β/COX-2/PGE2 pathway loop provides a potential therapeutic strategy to improve β cell function in the treatment of T2DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanqiao Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300384, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Rui Liang
- NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300384, China
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Tengli Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300384, China
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Le Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300384, China
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Jiaqi Zou
- NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300384, China
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Na Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300384, China
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Yan Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300384, China
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Xiangheng Cai
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yaojuan Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300384, China
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Xuejie Ding
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China
- Organ Transplant Center, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Boya Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China
- Organ Transplant Center, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Zhiping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China
- Organ Transplant Center, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Shusen Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300384, China
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China
- Organ Transplant Center, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin 300192, China
- Tianjin Clinical Research Center for Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Zhongyang Shen
- NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300384, China
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China
- Organ Transplant Center, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin 300192, China
- Tianjin Clinical Research Center for Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
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