1
|
Navarro R, Larrañaga E, Yubero S, Víllora B. Families, Parenting and Aggressive Preschoolers: A Scoping Review of Studies Examining Family Variables Related to Preschool Aggression. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph192315556. [PMID: 36497629 PMCID: PMC9736495 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A growing body of research has shown that children behave aggressively from an early age. In recent decades, such behaviour has become a focus of scientific interest, not only because of the adverse consequences of these interactions, but also because high levels of aggression, especially at an early age, may be a risk factor for the use of other forms of aggression, such as bullying, later on during their development. These behaviours are related not only to individual characteristics, but also to peer relationships, teacher behaviours, school variables, family factors and cultural influences. METHOD In order to find out which family variables have been researched in relation to preschool aggression and which family variables are associated with perpetration and victimisation, a scoping review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. Four databases (Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed and PsycINFO) were used to map the studies published between 2000 and 2022. RESULTS This scoping review included 39 peer-reviewed articles from an initial sample of 2002 of them. The majority of studies looked only at perpetration behaviours. The main family variables covered in the articles concern parental behaviours, adverse childhood experiences in the family environment, and the household structural and sociodemographic characteristics. CONCLUSION This scoping review shows that different factors within the family environment increase the risk of developing aggressive and victimising behaviours in the preschool setting. However, the relationship between the family variables and preschool aggression is complex, and it may be mediated by other factors such as gender, child-teacher closeness or parent-child dyads.
Collapse
|
2
|
Whitten T, Laurens KR, Tzoumakis S, Kaggodaarachchi S, Green MJ, Harris F, Carr VJ, Dean K. The influence of parental offending on the continuity and discontinuity of children's internalizing and externalizing difficulties from early to middle childhood. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2019; 54:965-975. [PMID: 30756149 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-019-01670-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although parental criminal offending is a recognized risk factor for conduct problems among offspring, its impact on the continuity and discontinuity of children's behavioural and emotional difficulties during the early development is less well known. We used data from a large, population-based record-linkage project to examine the relationship between parental offending and the continuity and discontinuity of children's conduct, attentional, and emotional difficulties from early to middle childhood while also considering the role of timing of the parental offending exposure. METHOD Data for 19,208 children and their parents were drawn from the New South Wales Child Development Study. Multinomial regression analyses tested associations between mother's and father's history and timing of any and violent offending, and patterns of continuity or discontinuity in offspring emotional, conduct, and attentional difficulties between ages 5 and 11 years. RESULTS Maternal and paternal offending each conferred a significantly increased risk of all the patterns of developmental difficulties, including those limited to age 5 only (remitting problems), to age 11 only (incident problems), and to difficulties present at both ages 5 and 11 years (persisting problems). Greatest odds were observed for persisting conduct problems. Paternal offending that continued through early and middle childhood had the greatest association with child difficulties, while the timing of maternal offending had a less prominent effect on child developmental difficulties. CONCLUSION Parental offending is a strong risk factor for early and pervasive behavioural and emotional problems in offspring, and may be a key indicator of high risk for later antisocial behaviour.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tyson Whitten
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Kristin R Laurens
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Psychology and Counselling, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Stacy Tzoumakis
- School of Social Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Melissa J Green
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Felicity Harris
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Vaughan J Carr
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kimberlie Dean
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Justice Health and Forensic Mental Health Network, Matraville, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Whitten T, Green MJ, Laurens KR, Tzoumakis S, Harrs F, Carr V, Dean K. Parental offending and children's emergency department presentations in New South Wales, Australia. J Epidemiol Community Health 2019; 73:832-838. [PMID: 31152075 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2019-212392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Children whose parents have a history of criminal offending may be at risk of higher rates of emergency department (ED) presentation, along with other adverse health outcomes. We used data from a large, population-based record linkage project to examine the association between maternal and paternal criminal offending and the incidence of ED presentations among child offspring. METHODS Data for 72 772 children with linked parental records were drawn from the New South Wales Child Development Study. Information on parental criminal offending (spanning 1994-2016) and child ED presentations (spanning 2005-2016; approximately ages 2-12 years) was obtained from linked administrative records. Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were conducted to examine the association between parental offending and the incidence of children's ED presentations for any reason and for physical injury, while accounting for important covariates. RESULTS Child rates of ED presentation, particularly for physical injury, were higher among those with parental history of criminal offending, after adjusting for covariates. The magnitude of the association was higher for paternal criminal offending (ED presentation for any reason: HR=1.44 (95% CI 1.41 to 1.48); physical injury: HR=1.70 (95% CI 1.65 to 1.75)) than maternal criminal offending (any reason: HR=0.99 (95% CI 0.95 to 1.03); physical injury: HR=1.05 (95% CI 1.00 to 1.10)). CONCLUSION Children of parents, particularly of fathers, with a history of criminal offending have an increased incidence of ED presentation, including for potentially avoidable physical injury. These findings require replication and further research to understand the mechanisms underlying these associations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tyson Whitten
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Melissa J Green
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kristin R Laurens
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Psychology and Counselling, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Stacy Tzoumakis
- School of Social Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Felicity Harrs
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Vaughan Carr
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Psychiatry, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kimberlie Dean
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia .,Justice Health and Forensic Mental Health Network, Matraville, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tzoumakis S, Carr VJ, Dean K, Laurens KR, Kariuki M, Harris F, Green MJ. Prenatal maternal smoking, maternal offending, and offspring behavioural and cognitive outcomes in early childhood. CRIMINAL BEHAVIOUR AND MENTAL HEALTH : CBMH 2018; 28:397-408. [PMID: 30256470 DOI: 10.1002/cbm.2089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal smoking during pregnancy and parental offending are both linked to adverse offspring outcomes. Few studies have examined how these exposures together influence diverse offspring outcomes in early childhood. AIMS To examine associations between quantity of prenatal maternal smoking and frequency of maternal offending and offspring behavioural and cognitive outcomes at age 5 years. METHODS Over 66,000 Australian children (mean age 5.6 years) were drawn from an intergenerational data linkage study. Unadjusted and adjusted logistic regressions were conducted for the two key exposures (maternal prenatal smoking and mother having at least two criminal convictions) and offspring behavioural and cognitive vulnerabilities. Population attributable fractions (PAFs) were also estimated for each outcome for the two exposures. RESULTS Prenatal smoking and maternal offending were, separately and together, associated with most of the developmental vulnerabilities examined, even after adjusting for other familial and prenatal risk factors. PAFs for prenatal smoking ranged from 5.3% to 15.8%, and PAFs for maternal offending ranged from 3.4% to 11.8% across the offspring outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Maternal smoking during pregnancy and maternal offending were uniquely associated with a range of offspring vulnerabilities, but mothers who smoked during pregnancy tended to experience multiple problems that should also be considered as indicators of child vulnerabilities. While early behavioural difficulties were evident in these children, it was striking that they were also likely to have cognitive vulnerabilities. Early intervention to support cognitive development in these children may minimise their risk of academic underachievement, long-term disadvantage, and even offending.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stacy Tzoumakis
- School of Social Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Vaughan J Carr
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kimberlie Dean
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Justice Health and Forensic Mental Health Network, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kristin R Laurens
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- School of Psychology, Australian Catholic University, Banyo, Queensland, Australia
| | - Maina Kariuki
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Felicity Harris
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Melissa J Green
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Green MJ, Harris F, Laurens KR, Kariuki M, Tzoumakis S, Dean K, Islam F, Rossen L, Whitten T, Smith M, Holbrook A, Bore M, Brinkman S, Chilvers M, Sprague T, Stevens R, Carr VJ. Cohort Profile: The New South Wales Child Development Study (NSW-CDS)—Wave 2 (child age 13 years). Int J Epidemiol 2018; 47:1396-1397k. [DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyy115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa J Green
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Felicity Harris
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kristin R Laurens
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Psychology, Australian Catholic University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Maina Kariuki
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Stacy Tzoumakis
- School of Social Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kimberlie Dean
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Justice Health & Forensic Mental Health Network, Matraville, NSW, Australia
| | - Fakhrul Islam
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Larissa Rossen
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Tyson Whitten
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Maxwell Smith
- School of Education, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Allyson Holbrook
- School of Education, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Miles Bore
- School of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Sally Brinkman
- Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia
- Centre for Child Health Research, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Australia Institute for Social Research, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Marilyn Chilvers
- NSW Department of Family and Community Services, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | | | - Vaughan J Carr
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|