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Delkash-Roudsari S, Chicas-Mosier AM, Goldansaz SH, Talebi-Jahromi K, Ashouri A, Abramson CI. Assessment of lethal and sublethal effects of imidacloprid, ethion, and glyphosate on aversive conditioning, motility, and lifespan in honey bees (Apis mellifera L.). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 204:111108. [PMID: 32798750 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Honeybees (Apis mellifera) play an important role in agriculture worldwide. Several factors including agrochemicals can affect honey bee health including habitat fragmentation, pesticide application, and pests. The growing human population and subsequent increasing crop production have led to widespread use of agrochemicals and there is growing concern that pollinators are being negatively impacted by these pesticides. The present study compares acute exposure to imidacloprid (0.2 and 0.4 mgL-1), ethion (80 and 106.7 mgL-1) or glyphosate (0.12 and 0.24 mgL-1) on aversive learning and movement, to chronic exposure at these and higher concentrations on movement, circadian rhythms, and survival in honey bee foragers. For acute learning studies, a blue/yellow shuttle box experiment was conducted; we observed honey bee choice following aversive and neutral stimuli. In learning studies, control bees spent >50% of the time on yellow which is not consistent with previous color bias literature in the subspecies or region of the study. The learning apparatus was also used to estimate mobility effects within 20 min of exposure. Chronic exposure (up to 2 weeks) with the above metrics was recorded by an automated monitoring system. In chronic exposure experiments, RoundUp®, was also tested to compare to its active ingredient, glyphosate. We found that imidacloprid and ethion have negative impacts on aversive learning and movement following a single-dose and that chronic exposure effects were dose-dependent for these two insecticides. In contrast, glyphosate had no effect on learning and less of an effect on movement; RoundUp® showed dose-dependent results on circadian rhythmicity. Overall, the results suggest that short-term exposure to imidacloprid and ethion adversely affect honey bee foragers and chronic exposure to glyphosate may affect pollination success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Delkash-Roudsari
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran; Department of Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Ana M Chicas-Mosier
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA; Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn AL, USA
| | - Seyed Hossein Goldansaz
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Khalil Talebi-Jahromi
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Ahmad Ashouri
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Charles I Abramson
- Department of Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA; Department of Integrative Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA.
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Duarte SS, de Moura RO, da Silva PM. Effect of antiprotozoal molecules on hypnospores of Perkinsus spp. parasite. Exp Parasitol 2018; 192:25-35. [PMID: 30028986 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2018.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Perkinsus protozoan parasites have been associated with high mortality of bivalves worldwide, including Brazil. The use of antiproliferative drugs to treat the Perkinsosis is an unusual prophylactic strategy. However, because of their environment impact it could be used to control parasite proliferation in closed system, such as hatchery. This study evaluated the anti-Perkinsus activity potential of synthesized and commercial compounds. Viability of hypnospores of Perkinsus spp. was assessed in vitro. Cells were incubated with three 2-amino-thiophene (6AMD, 6CN, 5CN) and one acylhydrazone derivatives (AMZ-DCL), at the concentrations of 31.25; 62.5; 125; 250 and 500 μM and one commercial chlorinated phenoxy phenol derivative, triclosan (2, 5, 10 and 20 μM), for 24-48 h. Two synthetic molecules (6CN and AMZ-DCL) caused a significant decline (38 and 39%, respectively) in hypnospores viability, at the highest concentration (500 μM), after 48 h. Triclosan was the most cytotoxic compound, causing 100% of mortality at 20 μM after 24 h and at 10 μM after 48 h. Cytotoxic effects of the compounds 6CN, AMZ-DCL, and triclosan were investigated by measuring parasite's zoosporulation, morphological changes and metabolic activities (esterase activity, production of reactive oxygen species and lipid content). Results showed that zoosporulation occurred in few cell. Triclosan caused changes in the morphology of hypnospores. The 6CN and AMZ-DCL did not alter the metabolic activities studied whilst Triclosan significantly increased the production of reactive oxygen species and changed the amount and distribution of lipids in the hypnospores. These results suggest that three compounds had potential to be used as antiprotozoal drugs, although further investigation of their mechanism of action must be enlightened.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sâmia Sousa Duarte
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Patologia de Invertebrados, Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza, Universidade Federal da Paraíba -Campus I, 58051-900, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil.
| | - Ricardo Olímpio de Moura
- Laboratório de Síntese e Vetorização de Moléculas, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, 58070-450, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil.
| | - Patricia Mirella da Silva
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Patologia de Invertebrados, Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza, Universidade Federal da Paraíba -Campus I, 58051-900, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil.
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Séguin A, Mottier A, Perron C, Lebel JM, Serpentini A, Costil K. Sub-lethal effects of a glyphosate-based commercial formulation and adjuvants on juvenile oysters (Crassostrea gigas) exposed for 35days. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2017; 117:348-358. [PMID: 28202277 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate-based herbicides include active matter and adjuvants (e.g. polyethoxylated tallow amines, POEAs). In addition to a previous investigation on the effect of glyphosate on oysters, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of sub-chronic exposures (35days) to three concentrations (0.1, 1 and 100μgL-1) of Roundup Express® (REX) and POEAs on oysters belonging to the same age group. Low mortality rates were calculated, and only few significant differences (i.e. shell length) between exposure conditions were observed at a given date. However, when comparing the biomarker's temporal variations, some different patterns (e.g. condition index, reproduction, parameters of oxidative stress) were observed depending on the molecules and concentrations. These results suggest that a longer exposure to an environmental concentration (0.1μgL-1) of REX and POEAs could induce harmful effects on oysters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Séguin
- Normandie Université, F-14032 Caen, France; UMR BOREA (Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques); MNHN, UPMC, UCN, CNRS-7208, IRD-207; IBFA; Université de Caen Normandie, Esplanade de la Paix, CS 14032;14032 Caen Cedex 5, France
| | - Antoine Mottier
- Normandie Université, F-14032 Caen, France; UMR BOREA (Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques); MNHN, UPMC, UCN, CNRS-7208, IRD-207; IBFA; Université de Caen Normandie, Esplanade de la Paix, CS 14032;14032 Caen Cedex 5, France
| | - Carole Perron
- Normandie Université, F-14032 Caen, France; UMR BOREA (Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques); MNHN, UPMC, UCN, CNRS-7208, IRD-207; IBFA; Université de Caen Normandie, Esplanade de la Paix, CS 14032;14032 Caen Cedex 5, France
| | - Jean Marc Lebel
- Normandie Université, F-14032 Caen, France; UMR BOREA (Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques); MNHN, UPMC, UCN, CNRS-7208, IRD-207; IBFA; Université de Caen Normandie, Esplanade de la Paix, CS 14032;14032 Caen Cedex 5, France
| | - Antoine Serpentini
- Normandie Université, F-14032 Caen, France; UMR BOREA (Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques); MNHN, UPMC, UCN, CNRS-7208, IRD-207; IBFA; Université de Caen Normandie, Esplanade de la Paix, CS 14032;14032 Caen Cedex 5, France
| | - Katherine Costil
- Normandie Université, F-14032 Caen, France; UMR BOREA (Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques); MNHN, UPMC, UCN, CNRS-7208, IRD-207; IBFA; Université de Caen Normandie, Esplanade de la Paix, CS 14032;14032 Caen Cedex 5, France.
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Mottier A, Séguin A, Devos A, Pabic CL, Voiseux C, Lebel JM, Serpentini A, Fievet B, Costil K. Effects of subchronic exposure to glyphosate in juvenile oysters (Crassostrea gigas): From molecular to individual levels. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2015; 95:665-77. [PMID: 25455786 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Revised: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate-based herbicides are extensively used and can be measured in aquatic ecosystems, including coastal waters. The effect of glyphosate on non-target organisms is an issue of worldwide concern. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of subchronic exposure to glyphosate in juvenile oysters, Crassostrea gigas. Yearling oysters were exposed to three concentrations of glyphosate (0.1, 1 and 100μgL(-1)) for 56days. Various endpoints were studied, from the individual level (e.g., gametogenesis and tissue alterations) to the molecular level (mRNA quantification), including biochemical endpoints such as glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and catalase activities and malondialdehyde content. No mortality and growth occurred during the experiment, and individual biomarkers revealed only slight effects. The levels of gene expression significantly increased in oysters exposed to the highest glyphosate concentration (GST and metallothioneins) or to all concentrations (multi-xenobiotic resistance). These results suggested an activation of defence mechanisms at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Mottier
- Normandie Université, Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, F-14032 Caen, France; UMR BOREA (Biologie des Organismes et des Ecosystèmes Aquatiques), MNHN, UPMC, UCBN, CNRS-7208, IRD-207, IBFA, Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, Esplanade de la Paix, CS 14032, 14032 Caen Cedex 5, France
| | - Alexis Séguin
- Normandie Université, Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, F-14032 Caen, France; UMR BOREA (Biologie des Organismes et des Ecosystèmes Aquatiques), MNHN, UPMC, UCBN, CNRS-7208, IRD-207, IBFA, Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, Esplanade de la Paix, CS 14032, 14032 Caen Cedex 5, France
| | - Alexandre Devos
- Radioecology Laboratory of Cherbourg-Octeville, Institute of Radioprotection and Nuclear Safety/PRP-ENV/SERIS, BP n°10, rue Max Pol Fouchet, 50130 Octeville, France
| | - Charles Le Pabic
- Normandie Université, Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, F-14032 Caen, France; UMR BOREA (Biologie des Organismes et des Ecosystèmes Aquatiques), MNHN, UPMC, UCBN, CNRS-7208, IRD-207, IBFA, Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, Esplanade de la Paix, CS 14032, 14032 Caen Cedex 5, France
| | - Claire Voiseux
- Radioecology Laboratory of Cherbourg-Octeville, Institute of Radioprotection and Nuclear Safety/PRP-ENV/SERIS, BP n°10, rue Max Pol Fouchet, 50130 Octeville, France
| | - Jean Marc Lebel
- Normandie Université, Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, F-14032 Caen, France; UMR BOREA (Biologie des Organismes et des Ecosystèmes Aquatiques), MNHN, UPMC, UCBN, CNRS-7208, IRD-207, IBFA, Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, Esplanade de la Paix, CS 14032, 14032 Caen Cedex 5, France
| | - Antoine Serpentini
- Normandie Université, Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, F-14032 Caen, France; UMR BOREA (Biologie des Organismes et des Ecosystèmes Aquatiques), MNHN, UPMC, UCBN, CNRS-7208, IRD-207, IBFA, Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, Esplanade de la Paix, CS 14032, 14032 Caen Cedex 5, France
| | - Bruno Fievet
- Radioecology Laboratory of Cherbourg-Octeville, Institute of Radioprotection and Nuclear Safety/PRP-ENV/SERIS, BP n°10, rue Max Pol Fouchet, 50130 Octeville, France
| | - Katherine Costil
- Normandie Université, Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, F-14032 Caen, France; UMR BOREA (Biologie des Organismes et des Ecosystèmes Aquatiques), MNHN, UPMC, UCBN, CNRS-7208, IRD-207, IBFA, Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, Esplanade de la Paix, CS 14032, 14032 Caen Cedex 5, France.
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Host–parasite interactions: Marine bivalve molluscs and protozoan parasites, Perkinsus species. J Invertebr Pathol 2013; 114:196-216. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2013.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Revised: 06/05/2013] [Accepted: 06/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Fernández Robledo JA, Caler E, Matsuzaki M, Keeling PJ, Shanmugam D, Roos DS, Vasta GR. The search for the missing link: a relic plastid in Perkinsus? Int J Parasitol 2011; 41:1217-29. [PMID: 21889509 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2011.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2011] [Revised: 07/27/2011] [Accepted: 07/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Perkinsus marinus (Phylum Perkinsozoa) is a protozoan parasite that has devastated natural and farmed oyster populations in the USA, significantly affecting the shellfish industry and the estuarine environment. The other two genera in the phylum, Parvilucifera and Rastrimonas, are parasites of microeukaryotes. The Perkinsozoa occupies a key position at the base of the dinoflagellate branch, close to its divergence from the Apicomplexa, a clade that includes parasitic protista, many harbouring a relic plastid. Thus, as a taxon that has also evolved toward parasitism, the Perkinsozoa has attracted the attention of biologists interested in the evolution of this organelle, both in its ultrastructure and the conservation, loss or transfer of its genes. A review of the recent literature reveals mounting evidence in support of the presence of a relic plastid in P. marinus, including the presence of multimembrane structures, characteristic metabolic pathways and proteins with a bipartite N-terminal extension. Further, these findings raise intriguing questions regarding the potential functions and unique adaptation of the putative plastid and/or plastid genes in the Perkinsozoa. In this review we analyse the above-mentioned evidence and evaluate the potential future directions and expected benefits of addressing such questions. Given the rapidly expanding molecular/genetic resources and methodological toolbox for Perkinsus spp., these organisms should complement the currently established models for investigating plastid evolution within the Chromalveolata.
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Affiliation(s)
- José A Fernández Robledo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, IMET, Baltimore, MD 21202-3101, USA.
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Druart C, Scheifler R, de Vaufleury A. Towards the development of an embryotoxicity bioassay with terrestrial snails: screening approach for cadmium and pesticides. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2010; 184:26-33. [PMID: 20828931 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.07.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2010] [Revised: 07/21/2010] [Accepted: 07/24/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Currently no bioassays are available to assess the embryotoxicity of chemicals with terrestrial soil invertebrates. We therefore presented a new method for embryotoxicity testing with snail eggs: a relevant biological material that incubates in soil and that can be exposed to contaminants from leachates and soil solution. The effects of aqueous solutions of two herbicide formulations, Reglone(®) (active ingredient (a.i.), diquat) and Roundup(®) or its a.i., glyphosate, of a surfactant (Agral(®) 90, a.i., nonylphenol polyethoxylates) and of cadmium (Cd) were studied. Endpoints were the hatching success and observations of embryo abnormalities after exposure. Roundup(®) was found to be more toxic than its a.i. alone (EC50(a.i.)=18 mg/l and about 1300 mg/l, respectively). Reglone(®) (EC50(a.i.)=0.72 mg/l) and Agral(®) (EC50(a.i.) ≈ 50 mg/l) were also tested together, revealing that Reglone(®) accounted for more than 99% of the mixture's toxicity. An antagonistic interaction between the two substances was found. For Cd (EC50=3.9 mg/l), a significant transfer from exposure medium to eggs was emphasized, particularly affecting the albumen. Abnormalities of embryogenesis in non-hatched embryos depended on the substance and the concentration considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coline Druart
- Department of Chrono-Environment, University of Franche-Comté, UMR UFC/CNRS 6249 usc INRA, Place Leclerc, F-25030 Besançon Cedex, France
| | - Renaud Scheifler
- Department of Chrono-Environment, University of Franche-Comté, UMR UFC/CNRS 6249 usc INRA, Place Leclerc, F-25030 Besançon Cedex, France
| | - Annette de Vaufleury
- Department of Chrono-Environment, University of Franche-Comté, UMR UFC/CNRS 6249 usc INRA, Place Leclerc, F-25030 Besançon Cedex, France.
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Vidal-Martínez VM, Pech D, Sures B, Purucker ST, Poulin R. Can parasites really reveal environmental impact? Trends Parasitol 2010; 26:44-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2009.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2008] [Revised: 02/17/2009] [Accepted: 11/03/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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