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Naccarato A, Vommaro ML, Amico D, Sprovieri F, Pirrone N, Tagarelli A, Giglio A. Triazine Herbicide and NPK Fertilizer Exposure: Accumulation of Heavy Metals and Rare Earth Elements, Effects on Cuticle Melanization, and Immunocompetence in the Model Species Tenebrio molitor. TOXICS 2023; 11:499. [PMID: 37368599 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11060499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
The increasing use of agrochemicals, including fertilizers and herbicides, has led to worrying metal contamination of soils and waters and raises serious questions about the effects of their transfer to different levels of the trophic web. Accumulation and biomagnification of essential (K, Na, Mg, Zn, Ca), nonessential (Sr, Hg, Rb, Ba, Se, Cd, Cr, Pb, As), and rare earth elements (REEs) were investigated in newly emerged adults of Tenebrio molitor exposed to field-admitted concentrations of a metribuzin-based herbicide and an NPK blend fertilizer. Chemical analyses were performed using inductively coupled plasma tandem mass spectrometry (ICP-MS/MS) supported by unsupervised pattern recognition techniques. Physiological parameters such as cuticle melanization, cellular (circulating hemocytes), and humoral (phenoloxidase enzyme activity) immune responses and mass loss were tested as exposure markers in both sexes. The results showed that NPK fertilizer application is the main cause of REE accumulation in beetles over time, besides toxic elements (Sr, Hg, Cr, Rb, Ba, Ni, Al, V, U) also present in the herbicide-treated beetles. The biomagnification of Cu and Zn suggested a high potential for food web transfer in agroecosystems. Gender differences in element concentrations suggested that males and females differ in element uptake and excretion. Differences in phenotypic traits show that exposure affects metabolic pathways involving sequestration and detoxification during the transition phase from immature-to-mature beetles, triggering a redistribution of resources between sexual maturation and immune responses. Our findings highlight the importance of setting limits for metals and REEs in herbicides and fertilizers to avoid adverse effects on species that provide ecosystem services and contribute to soil health in agroecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Attilio Naccarato
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria,87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Maria Luigia Vommaro
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Domenico Amico
- CNR-Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | | | - Nicola Pirrone
- CNR-Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Antonio Tagarelli
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria,87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Anita Giglio
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
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2
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Naikoo MI, Raghib F, Dar MI, Khan FA, Hessini K, Ahmad P. Uptake, accumulation and elimination of cadmium in a soil - Faba bean (Vicia faba) - Aphid (Aphis fabae) - Ladybird (Coccinella transversalis) food chain. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 279:130522. [PMID: 33866104 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium is a highly mobile toxic heavy metal and a serious hazard to the biosphere. We studied uptake, accumulation and elimination of cadmium in a soil - faba bean - aphid - ladybird food chain. The soil in the study was amended with Cd at concentrations 0, 5, 10, 20 and, 30 mg kg-1 (w/w). We noted significant Cd transfer in a dose-dependent manner. Cadmium biomagnified in faba bean roots and aphids while biominimized in ladybirds as revealed by their respective transfer coefficients. The concentration-dependent removal of Cd from aphids through excretion via honeydew as well as through pupal exuviae of ladybirds during metamorphosis links to possible mechanisms of Cd detoxification at these trophic levels, which regulates the bioaccumulation of Cd along the food chain. These findings press for the advance studies to find and understand the physiological pathways and mechanisms leading to bio-minimization of Cd across the food chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Irfan Naikoo
- Plant Ecology and Environment Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, 202002, India.
| | - Fariha Raghib
- Plant Ecology and Environment Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, 202002, India
| | - Mudasir Irfan Dar
- Plant Ecology and Environment Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, 202002, India
| | - Fareed Ahmad Khan
- Plant Ecology and Environment Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, 202002, India
| | - Kamel Hessini
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Department of Botany, S.P. College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
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3
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Tibbett M, Green I, Rate A, De Oliveira VH, Whitaker J. The transfer of trace metals in the soil-plant-arthropod system. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 779:146260. [PMID: 33744587 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Essential and non-essential trace metals are capable of causing toxicity to organisms above a threshold concentration. Extensive research has assessed the behaviour of trace metals in biological and ecological systems, but has typically focused on single organisms within a trophic level and not on multi-trophic transfer through terrestrial food chains. This reinforces the notion of metal toxicity as a closed system, failing to consider one trophic level as a pollution source to another; therefore, obscuring the full extent of ecosystem effects. Given the relatively few studies on trophic transfer of metals, this review has taken a compartment-based approach, where transfer of metals through trophic pathways is considered as a series of linked compartments (soil-plant-arthropod herbivore-arthropod predator). In particular, we consider the mechanisms by which trace metals are taken up by organisms, the forms and transformations that can occur within the organism and the consequences for trace metal availability to the next trophic level. The review focuses on four of the most prevalent metal cations in soil which are labile in terrestrial food chains: Cd, Cu, Zn and Ni. Current knowledge of the processes and mechanisms by which these metals are transformed and moved within and between trophic levels in the soil-plant-arthropod system are evaluated. We demonstrate that the key factors controlling the transfer of trace metals through the soil-plant-arthropod system are the form and location in which the metal occurs in the lower trophic level and the physiological mechanisms of each organism in regulating uptake, transformation, detoxification and transfer. The magnitude of transfer varies considerably depending on the trace metal concerned, as does its toxicity, and we conclude that biomagnification is not a general property of plant-arthropod and arthropod-arthropod systems. To deliver a more holistic assessment of ecosystem toxicity, integrated studies across ecosystem compartments are needed to identify critical pathways that can result in secondary toxicity across terrestrial food-chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Tibbett
- Department of Sustainable Land Management & Soil Research Centre, School of Agriculture Policy and Development, University of Reading, Whiteknights, RG6 6AR, UK.
| | - Iain Green
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Bournemouth University, Poole, Dorset BH12 5BB, UK
| | - Andrew Rate
- School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Vinícius H De Oliveira
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Jeanette Whitaker
- UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Library Avenue, Lancaster LA1 4AP, UK
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Schramm BW, Labecka AM, Gudowska A, Antoł A, Sikorska A, Szabla N, Bauchinger U, Kozlowski J, Czarnoleski M. Concerted evolution of body mass, cell size and metabolic rate among carabid beetles. JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 132:104272. [PMID: 34186071 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2021.104272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Alterations in cell number and size are apparently associated with the body mass differences between species and sexes, but we rarely know which of the two mechanisms underlies the observed variance in body mass. We used phylogenetically informed comparisons of males and females of 19 Carabidae beetle species to compare body mass, resting metabolic rate, and cell size in the ommatidia and Malpighian tubules. We found that the larger species or larger sex (males or females, depending on the species) consistently possessed larger cells in the two tissues, indicating organism-wide coordination of cell size changes in different tissues and the contribution of these changes to the origin of evolutionary and sex differences in body mass. The species or sex with larger cells also exhibited lower mass-specific metabolic rates, and the interspecific mass scaling of metabolism was negatively allometric, indicating that large beetles with larger cells spent relatively less energy on maintenance than small beetles. These outcomes also support existing hypotheses about the fitness consequences of cell size changes, postulating that the low surface-to-volume ratio of large cells helps decrease the energetic demand of maintaining ionic gradients across cell membranes. Analyses with and without phylogenetic information yielded similar results, indicating that the observed patterns were not biased by shared ancestry. Overall, we suggest that natural selection does not operate on each trait independently and that the linkages between concerted cell size changes in different tissues, body mass and metabolic rate should thus be viewed as outcomes of correlational selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz W Schramm
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, Kraków 30-387, Poland; Sable Systems Europe GmbH, Ostendstraße 25, 12459 Berlin, Germany
| | - Anna Maria Labecka
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, Kraków 30-387, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Gudowska
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, Kraków 30-387, Poland
| | - Andrzej Antoł
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, Kraków 30-387, Poland; Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Adama Mickiewicza 33, 31-120 Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Sikorska
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, Kraków 30-387, Poland
| | - Natalia Szabla
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, Kraków 30-387, Poland
| | - Ulf Bauchinger
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, Kraków 30-387, Poland; Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pasteura 3, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jan Kozlowski
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, Kraków 30-387, Poland
| | - Marcin Czarnoleski
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, Kraków 30-387, Poland.
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Rost-Roszkowska M, Poprawa I, Chajec Ł, Chachulska-Żymełka A, Wilczek G, Wilczek P, Tarnawska M, Student S, Leśniewska M. Effects of cadmium on mitochondrial structure and function in different organs: studies on the soil centipede Lithobius forficatus (Myriapoda, Chilopoda). THE EUROPEAN ZOOLOGICAL JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/24750263.2021.1912199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M. Rost-Roszkowska
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - I. Poprawa
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Ł. Chajec
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - A. Chachulska-Żymełka
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - G. Wilczek
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - P. Wilczek
- Faculty of Health Sciences, The President Stanislaw Wojciechowski State University of Applied Sciences in Kalisz, Kalisz, Poland
| | - M. Tarnawska
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - S. Student
- Department of System Biology and Engineering, Faculty of Automatic Control, Electronics and Computer Science, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
- Biotechnology Center, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - M. Leśniewska
- Department of General Zoology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
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6
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Filipiak M, Woyciechowski M, Czarnoleski M. Stoichiometric niche, nutrient partitioning and resource allocation in a solitary bee are sex-specific and phosphorous is allocated mainly to the cocoon. Sci Rep 2021; 11:652. [PMID: 33436811 PMCID: PMC7804283 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79647-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Life histories of species may be shaped by nutritional limitations posed on populations. Yet, populations contain individuals that differ according to sex and life stage, each of which having different nutritional demands and experiencing specific limitations. We studied patterns of resource assimilation, allocation and excretion during the growth of the solitary bee Osmia bicornis (two sexes) under natural conditions. Adopting an ecological perspective, we assert that organisms ingest mutable organic molecules that are transformed during physiological processes and that the immutable atoms of the chemical elements composing these molecules may be allocated to specific functions, thereby influencing organismal fitness and life history. Therefore, using the framework of ecological stoichiometry, we investigated the multielemental (C, N, S, P, K, Na, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu) compositions of six components of the bee elemental budget: food (pollen), eggs, pupae, adults, cocoons and excreta. The sexes differed fundamentally in the assimilation and allocation of acquired atoms, elemental phenotypes, and stoichiometric niches for all six components. Phosphorus, which supports larval growth, was allocated mainly (55-75%) to the cocoon after larval development was complete. Additionally, the majority (60-99%) of the Mn, Ca, Mg and Zn acquired during larval development was allocated to the cocoon, probably influencing bee fitness by conferring protection. We conclude that for holometabolous insects, considering only the chemical composition of the adult body within the context of nutritional ecology does not provide a complete picture. Low ratios of C to other nutrients, low N:P and high Na concentrations in excreta and cocoons may be important for local-scale nutrient cycling. Limited access to specific nutritional elements may hinder bee development in a sex-dependent manner, and N and P limitations, commonly considered elsewhere, may not play important roles in O. bicornis. Sexual dimorphism in nutritional limitations due to nutrient scarcity during the larval stage may influence bee population function and should be considered in bee conservation efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Filipiak
- grid.5522.00000 0001 2162 9631Faculty of Biology, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Michal Woyciechowski
- grid.5522.00000 0001 2162 9631Faculty of Biology, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Marcin Czarnoleski
- grid.5522.00000 0001 2162 9631Faculty of Biology, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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7
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Naccarato A, Tassone A, Cavaliere F, Elliani R, Pirrone N, Sprovieri F, Tagarelli A, Giglio A. Agrochemical treatments as a source of heavy metals and rare earth elements in agricultural soils and bioaccumulation in ground beetles. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 749:141438. [PMID: 32827832 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The continuous and extensive application of agrochemicals leads to the accumulation of heavy metals (HMs) and rare earth elements (REEs) in agricultural soils and their transfer in the food web with consequent relevant risks for human and ecosystem health. In this study, HM and REE concentrations were quantified in the soil of wheat crop fields conventionally managed in the agricultural areas of Sila Mountain (Southern Italy) and compared with the concentration in a field of wild herbs, used as control. Statistical analyses and principal component analysis suggested that the use of pesticides, herbicides and fertilizers contributes to the accumulation of HMs and REEs in the soil. Different accumulation patterns were recorded in treated fields as a consequence of the type and amount of agrochemical used and the crop rotation. The exposure risk associated with the transfer through the tropic levels of agroecosystem was carried out measuring the concentration of HMs and REEs in adults of Harpalus (Pseudoophonus) rufipes (De Geer, 1774) collected from each monitored site. Different accumulation patterns found in specimens from the monitored sites highlighted the ability of this generalist predator to regulate metal uptake under field conditions. The values of bioaccumulation factor (BAF) allow to defining the order of accumulation in P. rufipes which was classified as a macroconcentrator of Cd, Cu, Mg and Zn. Our results can supplement the limited information regarding the REE accumulation in soil invertebrates and may provide reference data for assessing potential environmental risks in croplands.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Francesco Cavaliere
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Rosangela Elliani
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Nicola Pirrone
- CNR-Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research, Rende, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Tagarelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Anita Giglio
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy.
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Rost-Roszkowska M, Poprawa I, Chajec Ł, Chachulska-Żymełka A, Wilczek G, Wilczek P, Student S, Skowronek M, Nadgórska-Socha A, Leśniewska M. Influence of soil contaminated with cadmium on cell death in the digestive epithelium of soil centipede Lithobius forficatus (Myriapoda, Chilopoda). THE EUROPEAN ZOOLOGICAL JOURNAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/24750263.2020.1757168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M. Rost-Roszkowska
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - I. Poprawa
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Ł. Chajec
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - A. Chachulska-Żymełka
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - G. Wilczek
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - P. Wilczek
- Bioengineering Laboratory, Heart Prosthesis Institute, Zabrze, Poland
| | - S. Student
- Faculty of Automatic Control, Electronics and Computer Science, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - M. Skowronek
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - A. Nadgórska-Socha
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - M. Leśniewska
- Department of General Zoology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
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