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Szczerbiec D, Słaba M, Torzewska A. Substances Secreted by Lactobacillus spp. from the Urinary Tract Microbiota Play a Protective Role against Proteus mirabilis Infections and Their Complications. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:103. [PMID: 38203274 PMCID: PMC10779068 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Proteus mirabilis urinary tract infections can lead to serious complications such as development of urinary stones. Lactobacillus spp., belonging to the natural microbiota of the urinary tract, exhibit a number of antagonistic mechanisms against uropathogens, including the secretion of organic acids. In this study, we determined the anti-adhesion, anti-cytotoxicity and anti-crystallization properties of the substances secreted by Lactobacillus. For this purpose, membrane inserts with a pore diameter 0.4 μm were used, which prevent mixing of cultured cells, simultaneously enabling the diffusion of metabolic products. The intensity of crystallization was assessed by measuring the levels of Ca2+, Mg2+ and NH3 and by observing crystals using microscopic methods. The cytotoxicity of the HCV-29 cell line was determined using the LDH and MTT assays, and the impact of lactobacilli on P. mirabilis adhesion to the bladder epithelium was assessed by establishing CFU/mL after cell lysis. It was shown that in the presence of L. gasseri the adhesion of P. mirabilis and the cytotoxicity of the cells decreased. The degree of crystallization was also inhibited in all experimental models. Moreover, it was demonstrated that L. gasseri is characterized by the secretion of a high concentration of L-lactic acid. These results indicate that L-lactic acid secreted by L. gasseri has a significant impact on the crystallization process and pathogenicity of P. mirabilis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Szczerbiec
- Department of Biology of Bacteria, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Mirosława Słaba
- Department of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Torzewska
- Department of Biology of Bacteria, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland;
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2
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Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus CA15 (DSM 33960) as a Candidate Probiotic Strain for Human Health. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14224902. [PMID: 36432588 PMCID: PMC9694283 DOI: 10.3390/nu14224902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactobacilli with probiotic properties have emerged as promising tools for both the prevention and treatment of vaginal dysbiosis. The present study aimed to study the in vitro probiotic potential of the Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus CA15 (DSM 33960) strain isolated from a healthy vaginal ecosystem. The strain was evaluated for both functional (antagonistic activity against pathogens; H2O2, organic acid, and lactic acid production; antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities; ability to adhere to intestinal mucus and to both CaCo-2 and VK7/E6E7 cell lines; exopolysaccharide production; surface properties; and ability to survive during gastrointestinal transit) and safety (hemolytic, DNase, and gelatinase activities; mucin degradation ability; production of biogenic amines; and resistance to antimicrobials) characteristics. Data revealed that the tested strain was able to antagonize a broad spectrum of vaginal pathogens. In addition, the adhesion capacity to both vaginal and intestinal cell lines, as well as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, was detected. The ability of the Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus CA15 (DSM 33960) strain to survive under harsh environmental conditions occurring during the gastrointestinal passage suggests its possible oral delivery. Thus, in vitro data highlighted interesting probiotic properties of the CA15 (DSM 33960) strain, which could represent a valuable candidate for in vivo vaginal infections treatment.
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Lactobacilli, a Weapon to Counteract Pathogens through the Inhibition of Their Virulence Factors. J Bacteriol 2022; 204:e0027222. [PMID: 36286515 PMCID: PMC9664955 DOI: 10.1128/jb.00272-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
To date, several studies have reported an alarming increase in pathogen resistance to current antibiotic therapies and treatments. Therefore, the search for effective alternatives to counter their spread and the onset of infections is becoming increasingly important.
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Silva JA, Marchesi A, Aristimuño Ficosecco MC, Nader‐Macías MEF. Functional and Safety Characterization of Beneficial Vaginal Lactic Acid Bacteria (
BVLAB
) for the Design of Vaginal Hygiene Products. J Appl Microbiol 2022; 133:3041-3058. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.15752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Alejandra Silva
- CERELA‐CONICET (Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos‐ Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de Argentina). Chacabuco 145. 4000. San Miguel de Tucumán. Argentina
| | - Antonella Marchesi
- CERELA‐CONICET (Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos‐ Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de Argentina). Chacabuco 145. 4000. San Miguel de Tucumán. Argentina
| | - María Cecilia Aristimuño Ficosecco
- CERELA‐CONICET (Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos‐ Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de Argentina). Chacabuco 145. 4000. San Miguel de Tucumán. Argentina
| | - María Elena Fátima Nader‐Macías
- CERELA‐CONICET (Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos‐ Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de Argentina). Chacabuco 145. 4000. San Miguel de Tucumán. Argentina
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Factors Affecting Spontaneous Endocytosis and Survival of Probiotic Lactobacilli in Human Intestinal Epithelial Cells. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10061142. [PMID: 35744660 PMCID: PMC9230732 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10061142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutualistic bacteria have different forms of interaction with the host. In contrast to the invasion of pathogenic bacteria, naturally occurring internalization of commensal bacteria has not been studied in depth. Three in vitro methods, gentamicin protection, flow cytometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy, have been implemented to accurately assess the internalization of two lactobacillus strains—Lacticaseibacillus paracasei BL23 and Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG—in Caco-2 and T84 intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) under a variety of physiological conditions and with specific inhibitors. First and most interesting, internalization occurred at a variable rate that depends on the bacterial strain and IEC line, and the most efficient was BL23 internalization by T84 and, second, efficient internalization required active IEC proliferation, as it improved naturally at the early confluence stages and by stimulation with epidermal growth factor (EGF). IFN-γ is bound to innate immune responses and autolysis; this cytokine had a significant effect on internalization, as shown by flow cytometry, but increased internalization was not perceived in all conditions, possibly because it was also stimulating autolysis and, as a consequence, the viability of bacteria after uptake could be affected. Bacterial uptake required actin polymerization, as shown by cytochalasin D inhibition, and it was partially bound to clathrin and caveolin dependent endocytosis. It also showed partial inhibition by ML7 indicating the involvement of cholesterol lipid rafts and myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) activation, at least in the LGG uptake by Caco-2. Most interestingly, bacteria remained viable inside the IEC for as long as 72 h without damaging the epithelial cells, and paracellular transcytosis was observed. These results stressed the fact that internalization of commensal and mutualistic bacteria is a natural, nonpathogenic process that may be relevant in crosstalk processes between the intestinal populations and the host, and future studies could determine its connection to processes such as commensal tolerance, resilience of microbial populations or transorganic bacterial migration.
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Isolation, Identification, Characterization, and Plasmid Profile of Urinary Tract Infectious Escherichia coli from Clinical Samples. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:7234586. [PMID: 35356239 PMCID: PMC8958076 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7234586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Objective In recent times, urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most widely recognized bacterial diseases all over the planet. UTI influences individuals of any age and gender. The target of this study is to concentrate on the recurrence of uropathogens, the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of the isolates, and the plasmid profile of people from the government clinics of Karaikudi. Methods From July 2017 to December 2017, 100 urine tests were gathered and handled for the isolation of pathogenic microbes. In total, 89 isolates were found from the samples collected. Results Escherichia coli was discovered as the most common bacterial isolate screened from the UTI-infected people, accounting for 28.09 percent of all isolates. E. coli was seen to be the highest prevalent bacterium for UTI in all age groups and demonstrated resistance to routinely used medications, especially cefpodoxime and novobiocin, which have been 100 percent resistant. The E. coli isolates screened were positive for beta-lactamase and film generation, and they have strong antimicrobial resistance. As a result, the E. coli strains with the highest prevalence of virulence determinants have become more resistant to many medications because they support the microorganism in overcoming the host's defense and colonizing or entering the urinary system. The amplified 16S rRNA product was analyzed, and phylogenetic relationships were determined. The presence of TEM (56 percent), CTX-M (64 percent), SHV (40 percent), and OXA (60 percent) was discovered. Among E. coli isolates, CTX-M was the most common extended spectrum-beta lactamase (ESBL). Multiplex PCR was also used to identify the existence of CTX-M subgroups in E. coli isolates. Conclusion Finally, we urge that antibiotic selection should be predicated on the awareness of the specific prevalence and that novel antimicrobial medicines for urinary infections be developed to combat the overuse of antibiotics.
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A novel probiotic strain of Lactobacillus fermentum TIU19 isolated from Haria beer showing both in vitro antibacterial and antibiofilm properties upon two multi resistant uro-pathogen strains. CURRENT RESEARCH IN MICROBIAL SCIENCES 2022; 3:100150. [PMID: 35909596 PMCID: PMC9325903 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmicr.2022.100150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
L. fermentum TIU19 was isolated from the ethnic traditional rice beverage, Haria. L. fermentum TIU19 showed antagonistic activity against uro-pathogens in both planktonic and biofilm conditions. L. fermentum TIU19 had potential probiotic traits.
Probiotics with antimicrobial activity are gaining interest as a topic in the research field. Urinary tract infections (UTIs), acquired in the hospital or the community, are among the most prevalent infections. The emergence of multidrug resistance (MDR) uro-pathogens has made the current situation more critical in terms of global public health. To face this situation, in this study, Lactobacillus fermentum TIU19 (L. fermentum TIU19) was isolated and characterized as a new probiotic strain of the rice-based fermented beverage Haria. Subsequently, we also investigated its application as a biological agent that inhibits the growth of multidrug-resistant uro-pathogens, Escherichia coli, and Enterococcus faecalis. The results showed that, the isolated strain L. fermentum TIU19 was sensitive to all antibiotics tested except vancomycin and was devoid of virulence factors, such as haemolytic and gelatinase activities. Therefore, it may be considered safe for public health. It has many probiotic properties, such as survival in simulated gastrointestinal fluid, antioxidant activity, β-galactosidase producing ability, high cell surface hydrophobicity, adhesion ability to epithelial cells, and strong biofilm producer. The growth inhibitory and antibiofilm activities were shown against two uro-pathogens. All these results suggest that L. fermentum TIU19 can be explored as a potential probiotic with antagonistic activity against MDR uro-pathogenic E. coli and E. faecalis.
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Nader-Macías MEF, De Gregorio PR, Silva JA. Probiotic lactobacilli in formulas and hygiene products for the health of the urogenital tract. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2021; 9:e00787. [PMID: 34609059 PMCID: PMC8491456 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactobacilli are the predominant microorganisms of the healthy human vagina. A novel alternative for the prevention and treatment of female urogenital tract infections (UGTI) is the inclusion of these microorganisms as active pharmaceutical ingredients in probiotic formulas, and more recently in female hygienic products. Probiotics are defined as “live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host.” A list of requirements must be considered during the development of probiotic product/formula for the female urogenital tract (UGT). This review aims to resume the requirements, probiotic characteristics, and clinical trial applied to determine the effect of probiotic and potentially probiotic strains on different woman’s physiological and pathological conditions, and in preterm birth prevention. A revision of female hygienic products available in the world market is included, together with novel studies applying nanotechnology for Lactobacillus incorporation in hygienic products. Further studies and well‐designed clinical trials are urgently required to complement the current knowledge and applications of probiotics in the female UGT. The use of probiotic formulas and products will improve and restore the ecological equilibrium of the UGT microbiome to prevent and treat UGTI in women under different conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Elena Fátima Nader-Macías
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de Argentina (CERELA-CONICET), San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Priscilla Romina De Gregorio
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de Argentina (CERELA-CONICET), San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Jessica Alejandra Silva
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de Argentina (CERELA-CONICET), San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
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Diebold R, Schopf B, Stammer H, Mendling W. Vaginal treatment with lactic acid gel delays relapses in recurrent urinary tract infections: results from an open, multicentre observational study. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2021; 304:409-417. [PMID: 33772330 PMCID: PMC8277613 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-021-06040-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The main objective of this open, prospective, multicentre, observational study is to investigate the relapse rate and tolerability of lactic acid gels in adult female patients with recurrent urinary tract infections during routine practice. METHODS Data were collected from patients undergoing intermittent short courses of intravaginal treatment with lactic acid gel for prevention of recurrent urinary tract infections. The observation period for individual patients was 4 months, aimed at covering four short courses of intravaginal treatment. Data on UTI relapses, tolerability, handling and satisfaction with the treatment were collected via patient diaries and physician assessments and comprised any adverse events (AEs). RESULTS In total, 72 patients were treated. During the last 12 months prior to the study, patients had on average 4.0 UTIs. In the 4 months after commencing treatment, 63.5% of patients had no recurrence of UTI symptoms. Overall efficacy was rated by physicians as 'excellent/good' for 96.7% of patients. The patients' overall acceptance of local treatment was high with 94.1% being '(very) satisfied'. Similarly, handling was rated as '(very) easy' by 94.2% of patients. The tolerability was assessed as 'highly tolerable/tolerable' by over 98% of patients and physicians alike. Safety analyses reported six AEs of mild intensity, all of which had resolved by the end of the study. CONCLUSION Treatment with lactic acid gel may increase resilience against uropathogens, possibly preventing the need for antibiotic prevention of recurrent urinary tract infections. Treatment was positively assessed by the patients. The physician assessments corroborate these findings. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER AND DATE OF REGISTRATION DRKS00016760, 18.02.2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Diebold
- Dr. Kade Pharmazeutische Fabrik GmbH, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Bettina Schopf
- Pharmalog Institut für klinische Forschung GmbH, Ismaning, Germany
| | - Holger Stammer
- Pharmalog Institut für klinische Forschung GmbH, Ismaning, Germany
| | - Werner Mendling
- German Centre for Infections in Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wuppertal, Germany
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Zhang F, Dai J, Chen T. Role of Lactobacillus in Female Infertility Via Modulating Sperm Agglutination and Immobilization. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 10:620529. [PMID: 33569356 PMCID: PMC7868545 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.620529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Infertility has become a common problem in recent decades. The pathogenesis of infertility is variable, but microbiological factors account for a large proportion of it. Dysbiosis of vaginal microbiota is reportedly associated with female infertility, but the influence of normal vaginal microbiota on infertility is unclear. In this review, we summarize the physiological characteristics of the vaginal tract and vaginal microbiota communities. We mainly focus on the bacterial adherence of vaginal Lactobacillus species. Given that the adherent effect plays a crucial role in the colonization of bacteria, we hypothesize that the adherent effect of vaginal Lactobacillus may also influence the fertility of the host. We also analyze the agglutination and immobilization effects of other bacteria, especially Escherichia coli, on ejaculated spermatozoa, and speculate on the possible effects of normal vaginal microbiota on female fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenghao Zhang
- Institute of Translational Medicine & School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jie Dai
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Tingtao Chen
- Institute of Translational Medicine & School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Fazly Bazzaz BS, Darvishi Fork S, Ahmadi R, Khameneh B. Deep insights into urinary tract infections and effective natural remedies. AFRICAN JOURNAL OF UROLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s12301-020-00111-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common occurrence in females, during pregnancy, and in peri- and postmenopausal women.
UTIs are associated with significant morbidity and mortality, and they affect the quality of life of the affected patients. Antibiotic therapy is an effective approach and reduces the duration of symptoms. Development of resistance, adverse effects of antibiotics, and other associated problems lead to establishing the research framework to find out the alternative approaches in controlling UTIs. Natural approaches have been extensively used for the management of various diseases to improve symptoms and also improve general health.
Main body
Different databases were employed to identify studies reporting on natural options including herbal medicines, vitamins, trace elementals, sugars, and probiotics without time limitations.
Conclusion
Herbal medicines can be effective at the first sign of the infection and also for short-term prophylaxis. Using vitamins, trace elementals, and/or sugars is an effective approach in preventing UTIs, and a combination of them with other antibacterial agents shows positive results. Probiotics have great potential for the threat of antibiotic over-usage and the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms. This study may be of use in developing the efficient formulation of treatment of UTI.
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Kalaycı Yüksek F, Gümüş D, Gündoğan Gİ, Anğ Küçüker M. Cell-Free Lactobacillus sp Supernatants Modulate Staphylococcus aureus Growth, Adhesion and Invasion to Human Osteoblast (HOB) Cells. Curr Microbiol 2020; 78:125-132. [PMID: 33108492 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-020-02247-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The increase of antibiotic resistance has become a problem. Probiotic bacteria play an important role in preventive/supportive medicine. Therefore, we examined the inhibitory effects of four different Lactobacillus species' (L. acidophilus-La, L. plantarum-Lp, L. fermentum-Lf and L. rhamnosus-Lr) cell-free supernatants (CFSs) on growth, adhesion, invasion, and biofilm formation of Staphylococcus aureus and effects of S. aureus, CFSs, and S. aureus-CFSs co-existence on human osteoblast (HOB) cell viability. Growth alterations were measured spectrophotometrically. Adhesive/invasive bacterial counts were detected by colony counting. Biofilm was evaluated using microtiter plate assay. The MTT assay was used for detection of HOB cell viability. The growth of MSSA significantly (P < 0.01) decreased in the presence of two CFSs (Lf and Lr) (P < 0.01); the growth of MRSA significantly (P < 0.05) reduced in the presence of La CFSs. All tested CFSs were found to reduce adhesion and invasion of MSSA (P < 0.0001). The adhesion of MRSA was enhanced (P < 0.0001) in the presence of all CFSs except La and the invasion of MRSA was decreased (P < 0.01) in the presence of Lr and Lf CFSs. All tested CFSs were shown to inhibit biofilm formation significantly (P < 0.0001). The reduction of S. aureus infected HOB cell viability and exposed to all CFSs except Lr that was found to be significant (P < 0.0001). The viability of HOB cell during co-incubation with MSSA and CFSs was shown to be decreased significantly. However co-existence of MRSA and CFSs did not alter HOB cell viability. These results suggested that lactobacilli as probiotics have low protective effects on MRSA-infected host cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Kalaycı Yüksek
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical Faculty, Istanbul Yeni Yüzyıl University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Defne Gümüş
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical Faculty, Istanbul Yeni Yüzyıl University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gül İpek Gündoğan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical Faculty, Istanbul Yeni Yüzyıl University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mine Anğ Küçüker
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical Faculty, Istanbul Yeni Yüzyıl University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Vagios S, Hesham H, Mitchell C. Understanding the potential of lactobacilli in recurrent UTI prevention. Microb Pathog 2020; 148:104544. [PMID: 33010368 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common infections in women. The only proven preventive strategy for recurrent UTIs is prophylactic antibiotics. Given growing antibiotic resistance, the use of probiotics has been proposed as an alternative to antibiotics. Herein, we discuss the current evidence to support the possibility that exogenous lactobacilli may limit the pathogenicity of uropathogens such as E. coli. Probiotics appear to have a significant potential in prevention of recurrent UTI, however, additional data are needed to understand how they can be effectively used in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stylianos Vagios
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, USA
| | - Helai Hesham
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, USA
| | - Caroline Mitchell
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, USA.
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Rosca AS, Castro J, Sousa LGV, Cerca N. Gardnerella and vaginal health: the truth is out there. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2020; 44:73-105. [PMID: 31697363 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuz027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The human vagina is a dynamic ecosystem in which homeostasis depends on mutually beneficial interactions between the host and their microorganisms. However, the vaginal ecosystem can be thrown off balance by a wide variety of factors. Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most common vaginal infection in women of childbearing age but its etiology is not yet fully understood, with different controversial theories being raised over the years. What is generally accepted is that BV is often characterized by a shift in the composition of the normal vaginal microbiota, from a Lactobacillus species dominated microbiota to a mixture of anaerobic and facultative anaerobic bacteria. During BV, a polymicrobial biofilm develops in the vaginal microenvironment, being mainly composed of Gardnerella species. The interactions between vaginal microorganisms are thought to play a pivotal role in the shift from health to disease and might also increase the risk of sexually transmitted infections acquisition. Here, we review the current knowledge regarding the specific interactions that occur in the vaginal niche and discuss mechanisms by which these interactions might be mediated. Furthermore, we discuss the importance of novel strategies to fight chronic vaginal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliona S Rosca
- Centre of Biological Engineering (CEB), Laboratory of Research in Biofilms Rosário Oliveira (LIBRO), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Joana Castro
- Centre of Biological Engineering (CEB), Laboratory of Research in Biofilms Rosário Oliveira (LIBRO), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Lúcia G V Sousa
- Centre of Biological Engineering (CEB), Laboratory of Research in Biofilms Rosário Oliveira (LIBRO), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Nuno Cerca
- Centre of Biological Engineering (CEB), Laboratory of Research in Biofilms Rosário Oliveira (LIBRO), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
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Antibacterial Activity of Lactobacillus plantarum CRL 759 Against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-020-04491-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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16
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Mechanistic insights into the action of probiotics against bacterial vaginosis and its mediated preterm birth: An overview. Microb Pathog 2020; 141:104029. [PMID: 32014462 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The human body is a reservoir of numerous micro-creatures; whose role is substantial and indispensable in the overall development of human beings. The advances in omic approaches have offered powerful means to decipher the core microbiome and metabolome diversities in a specific organ system. The establishment of lactobacilli in the female reproductive tract is thought to be a paramount prerequisite that maintains homeostatic conditions for a sustainable and healthy pregnancy. Nevertheless, a plethora of such Lactobacillus strains of vaginal source revealed probiotic phenotypes. The plummeting in the occurrence of lactobacilli in the vaginal ecosystem is associated with several adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs). One such pathological condition is "Bacterial Vaginosis" (BV), a pathogen dominated gynecological threat. In this scenario, the ascending traffic of notorious Gram-negative/variable BV pathogens to the uterus is one of the proposed pathways that give rise to inflammation-related APOs like preterm birth. Since antibiotic resistance is aggravating among urogenital pathogens, the probiotics intervention remains one of the alternative biotherapeutic strategies to overcome BV and its associated APOs. Perhaps, the increased inclination towards the safer and natural biotherapeutic strategies rather than pharmaceutical drugs for maintaining gestational and reproductive health resulted in the use of probiotics in pregnancy diets. In this context, the current review is an attempt to highlight the microbiome and metabolites signatures of BV and non-BV vaginal ecosystem, inflammation or infection-related preterm birth, host-microbial interactions, role and effectiveness of probiotics to fight against aforesaid diseased conditions.
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Silva J, Marchesi A, Wiese B, Nader‐Macias M. Technological characterization of vaginal probiotic lactobacilli: resistance to osmotic stress and strains compatibility. J Appl Microbiol 2019; 127:1835-1847. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.14442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J.A. Silva
- CERELA‐CONICET (Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos‐ Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de Argentina) San Miguel de Tucumán Argentina
| | - A. Marchesi
- CERELA‐CONICET (Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos‐ Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de Argentina) San Miguel de Tucumán Argentina
| | - B. Wiese
- Hannover Medical School Hannover Germany
| | - M.E.F. Nader‐Macias
- CERELA‐CONICET (Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos‐ Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de Argentina) San Miguel de Tucumán Argentina
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De Gregorio PR, Silva JA, Marchesi A, Nader-Macías MEF. Anti-Candida activity of beneficial vaginal lactobacilli in in vitro assays and in a murine experimental model. FEMS Yeast Res 2019; 19:5300136. [PMID: 30689833 DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/foz008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is one of the most frequent infections affecting women worldwide. Healthy vaginal microbiota is dominated by lactobacilli, which form a strong defense line against pathogens. In this work, in vitro antimicrobial properties of thirty vaginal Lactobacillus strains were evaluated against eleven Candida vaginal clinical isolates, employing three different methods. Also, the effect of intravaginal (i.va.) administrations (preventive, therapeutic and preventive-therapeutic) of L. reuteri CRL1324 or L. rhamnosus CRL1332 strains against the i.va. challenge with Candida albicans C2 (C.a.) was evaluated in a murine experimental model. From the results of agar overlay and liquid medium assays the selected lactobacilli strains have shown to inhibit the growth of at least one Candida strain. The inhibition was mainly due to the effect of organic acids. Anti-Candida activity was not evidenced in the agar plate diffusion method. In the experimental murine model, only preventive-therapeutic administration of both lactobacilli was able to significantly reduce viable C.a. numbers recovered in vaginal washes and the leukocyte influx induced by the fungi. In conclusion, lactobacilli exhibited in vitro and in vivo antimicrobial effects on Candida, suggesting that they could be promising candidates for protection against VVC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscilla Romina De Gregorio
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA)-CONICET, Chacabuco 145, 4000. San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Jessica Alejandra Silva
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA)-CONICET, Chacabuco 145, 4000. San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Antonella Marchesi
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA)-CONICET, Chacabuco 145, 4000. San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
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Ouarabi L, Chait YA, Seddik HA, Drider D, Bendali F. Newly Isolated Lactobacilli strains from Algerian Human Vaginal Microbiota: Lactobacillus fermentum Strains Relevant Probiotic's Candidates. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2019; 11:43-54. [PMID: 29185234 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-017-9360-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Lactobacilli strains are considered as a preventive means for treatment of vaginal infections or post-antibiotic treatment to repopulate the vaginal mucosa. This study aimed at establishing the vaginal lactobacillus profile of Algerian women with different vaginal diseases. Afterwards, lactobacilli isolated from swabs were in vitro characterized for their probiotic hallmarks. This prospective study allowed isolation of 44 Lactobacillus strains and 160 potentially pathogens, among which are Escherichia coli (50 isolates), Staphylococcus sp. (38 isolates), Enterococcus sp. (16 isolates), and Candida sp. (56 isolates). All Lactobacilli strains were characterized for their antagonism, adhesion to polystyrene, and resistance to acidity and bile. Consequently, six Lactobacillus strains (Lb. fermentum 5LB4, 5LB10, 5LB12, Lb. plantarum 5LB2, 5LB11, and Lactobacillus sp. 4LB9) were moderately or weakly adherent, and 35 potentially pathogens exhibited weak to strong adhesion to polystyrene. Antagonism was recorded for 36 Lactobacillus strains towards E. coli 6E2, S. aureus 7S3, Enterococcus sp. 5EN8, and Candida albicans C1 used as indicator organisms. Finally, Lb. fermentum 9LB6, 4LB16, and 10LB1 and Lb. plantarum 9LB4 were remarkable for their inhibitory activity, absence of hemolytic potential, and for their resistance to acidity (pH 1.5) and bile (0.5%) harsh conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liza Ouarabi
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, 06000, Bejaia, Algeria
| | - Yasmina Ait Chait
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, 06000, Bejaia, Algeria
| | - Hamza Ait Seddik
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, 06000, Bejaia, Algeria.,Université de Lille, INRA, ISA, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, EA 7394-ICV-Institut Charles Viollette, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Djamel Drider
- Université de Lille, INRA, ISA, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, EA 7394-ICV-Institut Charles Viollette, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Farida Bendali
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, 06000, Bejaia, Algeria.
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Stoyancheva G. Study of helveticin gene in Lactobacillus crispatus strains and evaluation of its use as a phylogenetic marker. Arch Microbiol 2019; 202:205-208. [PMID: 31388693 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-019-01711-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Lactobacilli are a part of the human microbiome in healthy humans. Studies of their physiological and genetic characteristics are the basis for their use in probiotic preparations. This report is a brief description of the helveticin gene found in two Lactobacillus crispatus strains, which are a part of the human microbiome. Our analysis showed that the two variants of the gene are not solely characteristic of strains isolated from humans. In the phylogenetic analysis, we found that the studied sequence (this gene) showed a significant difference between the species of the genus Lactobacillus and could be used as a phylogenetic marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galina Stoyancheva
- Department of Microbial Genetics, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev str. bl. 26, Sofia, Bulgaria.
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