1
|
Ronconi-Krüger N, Müller YMR, Nazari EM. Exploring developmental MeHg impact on extraembryonic and cardiac vessels and its effect on cardiomyocyte contractility. J Appl Toxicol 2024. [PMID: 38978343 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
The toxicity of methylmercury (MeHg) during embryonic development is a relevant issue that remains unclear and deserves investigation. In this sense, there is evidence that links the intake of contaminated food with cardiovascular pathologies in human adults and children. Thus, this study aimed to verify the impact of MeHg on the structure and integrity of extraembryonic and cardiac blood vessels and the contractile function of cardiomyocytes, also evaluating embryonic weight and the cardiosomatic index (CSI). Thus, chicken embryos, used as an experimental model, were exposed to a single dose of 0.1 μg MeHg/50 μl saline at E1.5 and analyzed at E10. After exposure, an increase in the number of extraembryonic blood vessels and the veins of the cardiac tissue was observed. These increases were accompanied by a reduction in the content of VEGF and VCAM proteins related to vessel growth and adhesiveness. Together, these results were related to reduced nitrite (NOx) levels. Furthermore, MeHg reduces the number of sarcomeres and increases the content of cardiac troponin I (cTnI), a protein that regulates contraction. In general, exposure to MeHg affected the integrity of extraembryonic and cardiac vessels and the contractile function of cardiomyocytes, which had a systemic impact evidenced by the reduction in embryonic weight gain and CSI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathália Ronconi-Krüger
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Embriologia e Genética, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Yara Maria Rauh Müller
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Embriologia e Genética, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Evelise Maria Nazari
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Embriologia e Genética, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Masjoan Juncos JX, Nadeem F, Shakil S, El-Husari M, Zafar I, Louch WE, Halade GV, Zaky A, Ahmad A, Ahmad S. Myocardial SERCA2 Protects Against Cardiac Damage and Dysfunction Caused by Inhaled Bromine. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2024; 390:146-158. [PMID: 38772719 PMCID: PMC11192580 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.123.002084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Myocardial sarcoendoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2 (SERCA2) activity is critical for heart function. We have demonstrated that inhaled halogen (chlorine or bromine) gases inactivate SERCA2, impair calcium homeostasis, increase proteolysis, and damage the myocardium ultimately leading to cardiac dysfunction. To further elucidate the mechanistic role of SERCA2 in halogen-induced myocardial damage, we used bromine-exposed cardiac-specific SERCA2 knockout (KO) mice [tamoxifen-administered SERCA2 (flox/flox) Tg (αMHC-MerCreMer) mice] and compared them to the oil-administered controls. We performed echocardiography and hemodynamic analysis to investigate cardiac function 24 hours after bromine (600 ppm for 30 minutes) exposure and measured cardiac injury markers in plasma and proteolytic activity in cardiac tissue and performed electron microscopy of the left ventricle (LV). Cardiac-specific SERCA2 knockout mice demonstrated enhanced toxicity to bromine. Bromine exposure increased ultrastructural damage, perturbed LV shape geometry, and demonstrated acutely increased phosphorylation of phospholamban in the KO mice. Bromine-exposed KO mice revealed significantly enhanced mean arterial pressure and sphericity index and decreased LV end diastolic diameter and LV end systolic pressure when compared with the bromine-exposed control FF mice. Strain analysis showed loss of synchronicity, evidenced by an irregular endocardial shape in systole and irregular vector orientation of contractile motion across different segments of the LV in KO mice, both at baseline and after bromine exposure. These studies underscore the critical role of myocardial SERCA2 in preserving cardiac ultrastructure and function during toxic halogen gas exposures. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Due to their increased industrial production and transportation, halogens such as chlorine and bromine pose an enhanced risk of exposure to the public. Our studies have demonstrated that inhalation of these halogens leads to the inactivation of cardiopulmonary SERCA2 and results in calcium overload. Using cardiac-specific SERCA2 KO mice, these studies further validated the role of SERCA2 in bromine-induced myocardial injury. These studies highlight the increased susceptibility of individuals with pathological loss of cardiac SERCA2 to the effects of bromine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Xavier Masjoan Juncos
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (J.X.M.J., F.N., S.S., M.E.-H., I.Z, A.Z., A.A., S.A.); Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (W.E.L.); and Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida (G.V.H.)
| | - Fahad Nadeem
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (J.X.M.J., F.N., S.S., M.E.-H., I.Z, A.Z., A.A., S.A.); Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (W.E.L.); and Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida (G.V.H.)
| | - Shazia Shakil
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (J.X.M.J., F.N., S.S., M.E.-H., I.Z, A.Z., A.A., S.A.); Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (W.E.L.); and Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida (G.V.H.)
| | - Malik El-Husari
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (J.X.M.J., F.N., S.S., M.E.-H., I.Z, A.Z., A.A., S.A.); Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (W.E.L.); and Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida (G.V.H.)
| | - Iram Zafar
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (J.X.M.J., F.N., S.S., M.E.-H., I.Z, A.Z., A.A., S.A.); Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (W.E.L.); and Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida (G.V.H.)
| | - William E Louch
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (J.X.M.J., F.N., S.S., M.E.-H., I.Z, A.Z., A.A., S.A.); Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (W.E.L.); and Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida (G.V.H.)
| | - Ganesh V Halade
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (J.X.M.J., F.N., S.S., M.E.-H., I.Z, A.Z., A.A., S.A.); Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (W.E.L.); and Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida (G.V.H.)
| | - Ahmed Zaky
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (J.X.M.J., F.N., S.S., M.E.-H., I.Z, A.Z., A.A., S.A.); Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (W.E.L.); and Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida (G.V.H.)
| | - Aftab Ahmad
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (J.X.M.J., F.N., S.S., M.E.-H., I.Z, A.Z., A.A., S.A.); Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (W.E.L.); and Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida (G.V.H.)
| | - Shama Ahmad
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (J.X.M.J., F.N., S.S., M.E.-H., I.Z, A.Z., A.A., S.A.); Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (W.E.L.); and Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida (G.V.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Masjoan Juncos JX, Shakil S, Ahmad A, Mariappan N, Zafar I, Bradley WE, Dell’Italia LJ, Ahmad A, Ahmad S. Sex differences in cardiopulmonary effects of acute bromine exposure. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2021; 10:1064-1073. [PMID: 34733491 PMCID: PMC8557644 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfab079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Accidental occupational bromine (Br>2>) exposures are common, leading to significant morbidity and mortality; however, the specific effects of Br>2> inhalation in female victims are unclear. Our studies demonstrated that acute high-concentration Br>2> inhalation is fatal, and cardiac injury and dysfunction play an important role in Br>2> toxicity in males. In this study, we exposed female Sprague Dawley rats, age-matched to those males from previously studied, to 600 ppm Br>2> for 45 min and assessed their survival, cardiopulmonary injury and cardiac function after exposure. Br>2> exposure caused serious mortality in female rats (59%) 48 h after exposure. Rats had severe clinical distress, reduced heart rates and oxygen saturation after Br>2> inhalation as was previously reported with male animals. There was significant lung injury and edema when measured 24 h after exposure. Cardiac injury biomarkers were also significantly elevated 24 h after Br>2> inhalation. Echocardiography and hemodynamic studies were also performed and revealed that the mean arterial pressure was not significantly elevated in females. Other functional cardiac parameters were also altered. Aside from the lack of elevation of blood pressure, all other changes observed in female animals were also present in male animals as reported in our previous study. These studies are important to understand the toxicity mechanisms to generate therapies and better-equip first responders to deal with these specific scenarios after bromine spill disasters.>.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Xavier Masjoan Juncos
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Shazia Shakil
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Aamir Ahmad
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Nithya Mariappan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Iram Zafar
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Wayne E Bradley
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Louis J Dell’Italia
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Aftab Ahmad
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Shama Ahmad
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Shakil S, Masjoan Juncos JX, Mariappan N, Zafar I, Amudhan A, Amudhan A, Aishah D, Siddiqui S, Manzoor S, Santana CM, Rumbeiha WK, Salim S, Ahmad A, Ahmad S. Behavioral and Neuronal Effects of Inhaled Bromine Gas: Oxidative Brain Stem Damage. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6316. [PMID: 34204780 PMCID: PMC8231550 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The risk of accidental bromine (Br2) exposure to the public has increased due to its enhanced industrial use. Inhaled Br2 damages the lungs and the heart; however, adverse effects on the brain are unknown. In this study, we examined the neurological effects of inhaled Br2 in Sprague Dawley rats. Rats were exposed to Br2 (600 ppm for 45 min) and transferred to room air and cage behavior, and levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in plasma were examined at various time intervals. Bromine exposure resulted in abnormal cage behavior such as head hitting, biting and aggression, hypervigilance, and hyperactivity. An increase in plasma GFAP and brain 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) content also was observed in the exposed animals. Acute and delayed sympathetic nervous system activation was also evaluated by assessing the expression of catecholamine biosynthesizing enzymes, tryptophan hydroxylase (TrpH1 and TrpH2), and tyrosine hydroxylase (TyrH), along with an assessment of catecholamines and their metabolites. TyrH was found to be increased in a time-dependent manner. TrpH1 and TrpH2 were significantly decreased upon Br2 exposure in the brainstem. The neurotransmitter content evaluation indicated an increase in 5-HT and dopamine at early timepoints after exposure; however, other metabolites were not significantly altered. Taken together, our results predict brain damage and autonomic dysfunction upon Br2 exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shazia Shakil
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (S.S.); (J.X.M.J.); (N.M.); (I.Z.); (A.A.); (A.A.); (D.A.); (S.S.); (S.M.); (A.A.)
| | - Juan Xavier Masjoan Juncos
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (S.S.); (J.X.M.J.); (N.M.); (I.Z.); (A.A.); (A.A.); (D.A.); (S.S.); (S.M.); (A.A.)
| | - Nithya Mariappan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (S.S.); (J.X.M.J.); (N.M.); (I.Z.); (A.A.); (A.A.); (D.A.); (S.S.); (S.M.); (A.A.)
| | - Iram Zafar
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (S.S.); (J.X.M.J.); (N.M.); (I.Z.); (A.A.); (A.A.); (D.A.); (S.S.); (S.M.); (A.A.)
| | - Apoorva Amudhan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (S.S.); (J.X.M.J.); (N.M.); (I.Z.); (A.A.); (A.A.); (D.A.); (S.S.); (S.M.); (A.A.)
| | - Archita Amudhan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (S.S.); (J.X.M.J.); (N.M.); (I.Z.); (A.A.); (A.A.); (D.A.); (S.S.); (S.M.); (A.A.)
| | - Duha Aishah
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (S.S.); (J.X.M.J.); (N.M.); (I.Z.); (A.A.); (A.A.); (D.A.); (S.S.); (S.M.); (A.A.)
| | - Simmone Siddiqui
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (S.S.); (J.X.M.J.); (N.M.); (I.Z.); (A.A.); (A.A.); (D.A.); (S.S.); (S.M.); (A.A.)
| | - Shajer Manzoor
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (S.S.); (J.X.M.J.); (N.M.); (I.Z.); (A.A.); (A.A.); (D.A.); (S.S.); (S.M.); (A.A.)
| | - Cristina M. Santana
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA;
| | - Wilson K. Rumbeiha
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA;
| | - Samina Salim
- Department of Pharmacological & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77004, USA;
| | - Aftab Ahmad
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (S.S.); (J.X.M.J.); (N.M.); (I.Z.); (A.A.); (A.A.); (D.A.); (S.S.); (S.M.); (A.A.)
| | - Shama Ahmad
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (S.S.); (J.X.M.J.); (N.M.); (I.Z.); (A.A.); (A.A.); (D.A.); (S.S.); (S.M.); (A.A.)
| |
Collapse
|